Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Editions

<!doctype html> <html lang="fr-FR" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="author" content="Yhello"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"> <title>Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Editions</title> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.istegroup.com/xmlrpc.php"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">  <title>Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Group</title> <meta name="description" content="Une encyclopédie de plus de 800 volumes, qui couvre les sciences pures et appliquées, la santé et les SHS. Les ouvrages traitent de l’état de l’art, de la recherche et des applications."/> <meta name="robots" content="follow, index, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1, max-image-preview:large"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="fr_FR" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Group" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Une encyclopédie de plus de 800 volumes, qui couvre les sciences pures et appliquées, la santé et les SHS. Les ouvrages traitent de l’état de l’art, de la recherche et des applications." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="ISTE Group" /> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-04-17T10:26:09+01:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-1451x1024.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-1451x1024.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1451" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1024" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Encyclopedie Science - ISTE editions - Livres scientifiques et techniques" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2018-07-12T17:03:19+01:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-04-17T10:26:09+01:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Group" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Une encyclopédie de plus de 800 volumes, qui couvre les sciences pures et appliquées, la santé et les SHS. Les ouvrages traitent de l’état de l’art, de la recherche et des applications." /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-1451x1024.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Temps de lecture" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Moins d’une minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="rank-math-schema">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/#organization","name":"ISTE Editions","url":"https://www.istegroup.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/#logo","url":"https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/logo-iste-b.png","contentUrl":"https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/logo-iste-b.png","caption":"ISTE Editions","inLanguage":"fr-FR","width":"969","height":"245"}},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/#website","url":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr","name":"ISTE Editions","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/#organization"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-scaled.jpg","url":"https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-scaled.jpg","width":"2560","height":"1807","caption":"Encyclopedie Science - ISTE editions - Livres scientifiques et techniques","inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/#webpage","url":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/","name":"Encyclop\u00e9die SCIENCES – ISTE Group","datePublished":"2018-07-12T17:03:19+01:00","dateModified":"2024-04-17T10:26:09+01:00","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-scaled.jpg"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Article","headline":"Encyclop\u00e9die SCIENCES – ISTE Group","datePublished":"2018-07-12T17:03:19+01:00","dateModified":"2024-04-17T10:26:09+01:00","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcio Marim"},"description":"Une encyclop\u00e9die de plus de 800 volumes, qui couvre les sciences pures et appliqu\u00e9es, la sant\u00e9 et les SHS. Les ouvrages traitent de l\u2019\u00e9tat de l\u2019art, de la recherche et des applications.","name":"Encyclop\u00e9die SCIENCES – ISTE Group","@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/#schema-1131629","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/#webpage"},"publisher":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-scaled.jpg"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/#webpage"}}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ISTE Group » Flux" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ISTE Group » Flux des commentaires" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-realex-redirect-checkout-block-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-gateway-realex-redirect/assets/css/blocks/wc-realex-redirect-checkout-block.css?ver=3.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='afwssv_frontc-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/show-products-by-attributes-variations/assets/css/afwssv_front_css.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='vtprd-front-end-style-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/pricing-deals-for-woocommerce/core/css/vtprd-front-end-min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='vtprd-inline-inline-css' type='text/css'> .coupon-testcoupon{display:none !important;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='la-icon-maneger-style-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/la_icon_sets/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-components-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/css/dist/components/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-preferences-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/css/dist/preferences/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-editor-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-editor/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-reusable-blocks-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/css/dist/reusable-blocks/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-patterns-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/css/dist/patterns/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-editor-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/css/dist/editor/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='algori_pdf_viewer-cgb-style-css-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/algori-pdf-viewer/dist/blocks.style.build.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='rank-math-toc-block-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-rank-math-toc-block nav ol{counter-reset:item}.wp-block-rank-math-toc-block nav ol li{display:block}.wp-block-rank-math-toc-block nav ol li:before{content:counters(item, ".") ". ";counter-increment:item} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.9.8' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='sf_styles-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/css/public.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='woocommerce-inline-inline-css' type='text/css'> .woocommerce form .form-row .required { visibility: visible; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-realex-redirect-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-gateway-realex-redirect/assets/css/frontend/wc-realex-redirect.min.css?ver=3.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='scibooks-style-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/style.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='scibooks-icons-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/sass/base/icons.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='scibooks-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Inconsolata:400|Lato:400,400i,700,900&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ms-main-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/masterslider/public/assets/css/masterslider.main.css?ver=3.6.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ms-custom-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/masterslider/custom.css?ver=69.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='scibooks-woocommerce-style-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/sass/woocommerce/woocommerce.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cart-tab-styles-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-cart-tab/includes/../assets/css/style.css?ver=1.1.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='cart-tab-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> .woocommerce-cart-tab-container { background-color: #f8f8f8; } .woocommerce-cart-tab, .woocommerce-cart-tab-container .widget_shopping_cart .widgettitle, .woocommerce-cart-tab-container .widget_shopping_cart .buttons { background-color: #ffffff; } .woocommerce-cart-tab, .woocommerce-cart-tab:hover { color: #ffffff; } .woocommerce-cart-tab__contents { background-color: #333333; } .woocommerce-cart-tab__icon-bag { fill: #333333; } </style> <script type="text/javascript" id="woocommerce-google-analytics-integration-gtag-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ /* Google Analytics for WooCommerce (gtag.js) */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} // Set up default consent state. for ( const mode of [{"analytics_storage":"denied","ad_storage":"denied","ad_user_data":"denied","ad_personalization":"denied","region":["AT","BE","BG","HR","CY","CZ","DK","EE","FI","FR","DE","GR","HU","IS","IE","IT","LV","LI","LT","LU","MT","NL","NO","PL","PT","RO","SK","SI","ES","SE","GB","CH"]}] || [] ) { gtag( "consent", "default", { "wait_for_update": 500, ...mode } ); } gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dOGY3NW", true); gtag("config", "G-XGH6H5RFC2", {"track_404":true,"allow_google_signals":false,"logged_in":false,"linker":{"domains":[],"allow_incoming":false},"custom_map":{"dimension1":"logged_in"}}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/jquery-updater/js/jquery-3.7.1.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/jquery-updater/js/jquery-migrate-3.5.2.min.js?ver=3.5.2" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="afwssv_front-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var afwssv_phpvars = {"afwssv_enable_toggle":"yes","afwssv_toggle_text":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/show-products-by-attributes-variations/assets/js/afwssv_front.js?ver=1.0" id="afwssv_front-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/includes/vendor/looks_awesome/icon_manager/js/md5.js?ver=1.0,0" id="la-icon-manager-md5-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/includes/vendor/looks_awesome/icon_manager/js/util.js?ver=1.0,0" id="la-icon-manager-util-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="sf_main-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var SF_Opts = {"wp_menu_id":"4269","social":{"facebook":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/istepublishing\/","twitter":"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iste_editions","linkedin":"https:\/\/fr.linkedin.com\/company\/iste-group"},"search":"no","blur":"yes","fade":"no","test_mode":"no","hide_def":"no","mob_nav":"no","dynamic":"no","parent_ignore":"yes","sidebar_style":"side","sidebar_behaviour":"always","alt_menu":"","sidebar_pos":"left","width_panel_1":"225","width_panel_2":"250","width_panel_3":"250","width_panel_4":"200","base_color":"#223","opening_type":"hover","sub_type":"flyout","video_bg":"","video_mob":"no","video_preload":"no","sub_mob_type":"dropdown","sub_opening_type":"hover","label":"metro","label_top":"0px","label_size":"53","label_vis":"yes","item_padding":"25","bg":"","path":"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/superfly-menu\/img\/","menu":"{\"4269\":{\"term_id\":4269,\"name\":\"Flymenu\",\"loc\":{\"pages\":{\"16\":1,\"17\":1,\"18\":1,\"114\":1,\"9154\":1,\"9531\":1,\"9533\":1,\"12321\":1,\"12324\":1,\"12365\":1,\"13875\":1,\"13971\":1,\"13973\":1,\"14163\":1,\"15631\":1,\"16552\":1,\"16752\":1,\"17811\":1,\"18735\":1,\"18970\":1,\"18985\":1,\"19611\":1,\"19996\":1,\"20493\":1,\"20900\":1,\"21018\":1,\"21507\":1,\"21824\":1,\"21844\":1,\"23145\":1,\"23211\":1,\"24761\":1,\"29834\":1,\"34438\":1,\"34890\":1,\"36662\":1,\"36722\":1,\"37459\":1,\"40990\":1,\"42338\":1,\"43620\":1,\"43673\":1,\"43698\":1,\"43730\":1,\"43762\":1,\"47576\":1,\"47632\":1,\"48240\":1,\"48945\":1},\"cposts\":{\"parcour\":1,\"product\":1,\"vtprd-rule\":1,\"auteur\":1,\"member\":1,\"bestsellers\":1,\"collection\":1,\"series\":1,\"department\":1,\"domain\":1,\"theme\":1,\"journal\":1,\"book\":1,\"popupbuilder\":1},\"cats\":{\"1\":1,\"3830\":1},\"taxes\":{},\"langs\":{},\"wp_pages\":{\"front\":1,\"home\":1,\"archive\":1,\"single\":1,\"forbidden\":1,\"search\":1},\"ids\":[\"\"]},\"isDef\":true}}","togglers":"","subMenuSupport":"yes","subMenuSelector":"sub-menu, children","eventsInterval":"51","activeClassSelector":"current-menu-item","allowedTags":"DIV, NAV, UL, OL, LI, A, P, H1, H2, H3, H4, SPAN","menuData":[],"siteBase":"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com","plugin_ver":"5.0.19"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/js/public.min.js?ver=5.0.19" id="sf_main-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/jquery-blockui/jquery.blockUI.min.js?ver=2.7.0-wc.9.2.3" id="jquery-blockui-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wc-add-to-cart-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_add_to_cart_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/fr\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","i18n_view_cart":"Voir le panier","cart_url":"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/panier\/","is_cart":"","cart_redirect_after_add":"no"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/add-to-cart.min.js?ver=9.2.3" id="wc-add-to-cart-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js?ver=2.1.4-wc.9.2.3" id="js-cookie-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="woocommerce-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var woocommerce_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/fr\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/woocommerce.min.js?ver=9.2.3" id="woocommerce-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-cart-tab/includes/../assets/js/cart-tab.min.js?ver=1.1.2" id="cart-tab-script-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/13875" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.istegroup.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.1" /> <meta name="generator" content="WooCommerce 9.2.3" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.istegroup.com/fr/?p=13875' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.istegroup.com%2Ffr%2Fsciences%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.istegroup.com%2Ffr%2Fsciences%2F&format=xml" /> <script>var ms_grabbing_curosr='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/masterslider/public/assets/css/common/grabbing.cur',ms_grab_curosr='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/masterslider/public/assets/css/common/grab.cur';</script> <meta name="generator" content="MasterSlider 3.6.5 - Responsive Touch Image Slider" /> <script> // global window.SFM_is_mobile = (function () { var n = navigator.userAgent; var reg = new RegExp('Android\s([0-9\.]*)') var match = n.toLowerCase().match(reg); var android = match ? parseFloat(match[1]) : false; if (android && android < 3.6) { return; }; return n.match(/Android|BlackBerry|IEMobile|iPhone|iPad|iPod|Opera Mini/i); })(); window.SFM_current_page_menu = '4269'; (function(){ var mob_bar = ''; var pos = 'left'; var iconbar = ''; var SFM_skew_disabled = ( function( ) { var window_width = window.innerWidth; var sfm_width = 225; if ( sfm_width * 2 >= window_width ) { return true; } return false; } )( ); var classes = SFM_is_mobile ? 'sfm-mobile' : 'sfm-desktop'; var html = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0]; // pointer classes += mob_bar ? ' sfm-mob-nav' : ''; classes += ' sfm-pos-' + pos; classes += iconbar ? ' sfm-bar' : ''; classes += SFM_skew_disabled ? ' sfm-skew-disabled' : ''; html.className = html.className == '' ? classes : html.className + ' ' + classes; })(); </script> <style type="text/css" id="superfly-dynamic"> @font-face { font-family: 'sfm-icomoon'; src:url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/img/fonts/icomoon.eot?wehgh4'); src: url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/img/fonts/icomoon.svg?wehgh4#icomoon') format('svg'), url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/img/fonts/icomoon.eot?#iefixwehgh4') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/img/fonts/icomoon.woff?wehgh4') format('woff'), url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/img/fonts/icomoon.ttf?wehgh4') format('truetype'); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } .sfm-navicon, .sfm-navicon:after, .sfm-navicon:before, .sfm-sidebar-close:before, .sfm-sidebar-close:after { height: 1px !important; } .sfm-label-square .sfm-navicon-button, .sfm-label-rsquare .sfm-navicon-button, .sfm-label-circle .sfm-navicon-button { border-width: 1px !important; } .sfm-vertical-nav .sfm-submenu-visible > a .sfm-sm-indicator i:after { -webkit-transform: rotate(180deg); transform: rotate(180deg); } #sfm-mob-navbar .sfm-navicon-button:after { /*width: 30px;*/ } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-vertical-nav .sfm-has-child-menu > a:before { display: none; } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-vertical-nav .sfm-menu .sfm-sm-indicator { /*background: rgba(255,255,255,0.085);*/ } .sfm-pos-right #sfm-sidebar.sfm-vertical-nav .sfm-menu li a { /*padding-left: 10px !important;*/ } .sfm-pos-right #sfm-sidebar.sfm-vertical-nav .sfm-sm-indicator { left: auto; right: 0; } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-nav { min-height: 50vh; height: auto; max-height: none; margin-top: 30px; } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact input[type=search] { font-size: 16px; } /*}*/ #sfm-sidebar .sfm-sidebar-bg, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social { background-color: #223 !important; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-logo img { max-height: px; } #sfm-sidebar, .sfm-sidebar-bg, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-nav, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-widget, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-logo, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social, .sfm-style-toolbar .sfm-copy { width: 225px; } #sfm-sidebar:not(.sfm-iconbar) .sfm-menu li > a span{ max-width: calc(225px - 80px); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social { background-color: transparent !important; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li > a:before { background: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li > a:before { background: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li > a:before { background: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-3 li > a:before { background: #ffffff; } @media only screen and (min-width: 800px) { #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li:hover:before, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li.sfm-active-item:before, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li.sfm-active-smooth:before { background-color: #ffffff; } } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 .sfm-menu li:hover:before, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item:before { background-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 .sfm-menu li:hover:before, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item:before { background-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 .sfm-menu li:hover:before, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item:before { background-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover > a span, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li > a:focus span, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover > a img, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li > a:focus img, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover > a .la_icon, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li > a:focus .la_icon, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-submenu-visible > a img, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-submenu-visible > a .la_icon, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-submenu-visible > a span { right: -2px; left: auto; } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li > a:focus span, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover > a span, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover > a img, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li > a:focus img, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-submenu-visible > a img, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-submenu-visible > a span { right: 2px; left: auto; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-chapter, #sfm-sidebar .widget-area, .sfm-search-form input { padding-left: 10% !important; } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view .sfm-back-parent, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .sfm-chapter, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout #sfm-sidebar .widget-area, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sub-flyout .sfm-search-form input { padding-left: 14% !important; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-child-menu.sfm-menu-level-1 li a { padding-left: 12% !important; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-child-menu.sfm-menu-level-2 li a { padding-left: 14% !important; } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-social li { text-align: left; } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-social:before { right: auto; left: auto; left: 10%; } #sfm-sidebar:after { display: none !important; } #sfm-sidebar, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-slide.sfm-body-pushed #sfm-mob-navbar { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right #sfm-sidebar, .sfm-sidebar-slide.sfm-body-pushed #sfm-mob-navbar { -webkit-transform: translate3d(225px,0,0); transform: translate3d(225px,0,0); } @media only screen and (min-width: 800px) { #sfm-sidebar { -webkit-transform: translate3d(0,0,0); transform: translate3d(0,0,0); } .sfm-pos-left body, .sfm-pos-left #wpadminbar { padding-left: 225px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; } #sfm-sidebar{ display:block !important } .sfm-pos-right body, .sfm-pos-right #wpadminbar { padding-right: 225px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; } } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-rollback { /*display: none !important;*/ } body.sfm-body-pushed > * { -webkit-transform: translate3d(112.5px,0,0); transform: translate3d(112.5px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-body-pushed > * { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-112.5px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-112.5px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-left #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 { left: 225px; width: 250px; -webkit-transform: translate3d(-250px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-250px,0,0); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 .sfm-menu { width: 250px; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 .sfm-menu { width: 250px; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 .sfm-menu { width: 200px; } .sfm-pos-right #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 { left: auto; right: 225px; width: 250px; -webkit-transform: translate3d(250px,0,0); transform: translate3d(250px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-left #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 { left: 475px; width: 250px; -webkit-transform: translate3d(-725px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-725px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 { left: auto; right: 475px; width: 250px; -webkit-transform: translate3d(725px,0,0); transform: translate3d(725px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-left #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 { left: 725px; width: 200px; -webkit-transform: translate3d(-925px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-925px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 { left: auto; right: 725px; width: 200px; -webkit-transform: translate3d(725px,0,0); transform: translate3d(725px,0,0); } .sfm-view-pushed-1 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-250px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-250px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-view-pushed-1 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 { -webkit-transform: translate3d(250px,0,0); transform: translate3d(250px,0,0); } .sfm-view-pushed-2 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-200px,0,0); transform: translate3d(-200px,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-view-pushed-2 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 { -webkit-transform: translate3d(200px,0,0); transform: translate3d(200px,0,0); } .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1, .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2, .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3, .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom, .sfm-sub-dropdown #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { left: 225px; width: 225px; } .sfm-sub-dropdown #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { width: 225px !important; } .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom, .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom .sfm-custom-content, .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom .sfm-content-wrapper { width: 250px !important; } .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu { width: 225px; } .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-1 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-2 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-3 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3, .sfm-sub-dropdown.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0) !important; transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0) !important; } .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-1 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-scroll-main, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-scroll-main, .sfm-sub-dropdown.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-scroll-main { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%,0,0) !important; transform: translate3d(-100%,0,0) !important; } .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-2 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-3 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2, .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-custom.sfm-view-pushed-2 #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 { -webkit-transform: translate3d(-200%,0,0) !important; transform: translate3d(-200%,0,0) !important; } /* custom content */ .sfm-pos-left .sfm-view-pushed-1.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { right: -250px; } .sfm-pos-left .sfm-view-pushed-2.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { right: -500px; } .sfm-pos-left .sfm-view-pushed-3.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { right: -700px; } .sfm-sub-swipe.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom, .sfm-sub-dropdown.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { right: 0; } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-view-pushed-1.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sub-flyout .sfm-view-level-custom { left: -250px; } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-view-pushed-2.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sub-flyout .sfm-view-level-custom { left: -500px; } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-view-pushed-3.sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sub-flyout .sfm-view-level-custom { left: -700px; } .sfm-pos-left .sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { transform: translate3d(100%,0,0); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-view-pushed-custom #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-custom { transform: translate3d(-100%,0,0); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu a img{ max-width: 40px; max-height: 40px; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .la_icon{ font-size: 40px; min-width: 40px; min-height: 40px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 800px) { #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-class > a:before { width: 100%; } } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-hl-line .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-class > a { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-back-parent { background: #223; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1, #sfm-sidebar ul.sfm-menu-level-1 { background: rgb(0 93 147 / 66%); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2, #sfm-sidebar ul.sfm-menu-level-2 { background: rgb(100 154 200 / 66%); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3, #sfm-sidebar ul.sfm-menu-level-3 { background: rgb(72, 72, 255); } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li a, .sfm-title h3, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-back-parent { color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-chapter, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-back-parent { padding: 25px 0; text-transform: uppercase; } .sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar.sfm-hl-line .sfm-menu li > a:before { bottom: 20px } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-search-form input[type=text] { padding-top:25px; padding-bottom:25px; } .sfm-sub-swipe #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view .sfm-menu, .sfm-sub-swipe .sfm-custom-content, .sfm-sub-dropdown .sfm-custom-content { padding-top: 62px; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-search-form span { top: 25px; font-size: 9px; font-weight: normal; } #sfm-sidebar { font-family: inherit; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-sm-indicator { line-height: 12px; } #sfm-sidebar.sfm-indicators .sfm-sm-indicator i { width: 6px; height: 6px; border-top-width: 2px; border-right-width: 2px; margin: -3px 0 0 -3px; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-search-form input { font-size: 12px; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .sfm-chapter, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-back-parent { font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: left; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-smoothing: antialiased; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social-abbr a { font-family: inherit; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-widget, #sfm-sidebar .widget-area { text-align: left; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social { text-align: center !important; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .sfm-chapter { font-size: 13px; margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .sfm-chapter div{ font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; } .sfm-rollback a { font-family: inherit; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .la_icon{ color: #777; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li .sfm-sm-indicator i { border-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 .sfm-sl, .sfm-title h2, .sfm-social:after { color: #eeeeee; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li .sfm-sm-indicator i { border-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 .sfm-sl { color: #eeeeee; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li .sfm-sm-indicator i { border-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 .sfm-sl { color: #eeeeee; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-3 li .sfm-sm-indicator i { border-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-3 .sfm-sl { color: #eeeeee; } .sfm-menu-level-0 .sfm-chapter { color: #00ffb8 !important; } .sfm-menu-level-1 .sfm-chapter { color: #ffffff !important; } .sfm-menu-level-2 .sfm-chapter { color: #ffffff !important; } .sfm-menu-level-3 .sfm-chapter { color: #ffffff !important; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li a{ color: #ffffff; border-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar:after { background-color: #223; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li a{ color: #ffffff; border-color: #ffffff; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-3 li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-3 li a { color: #ffffff; border-color: #ffffff; } .sfm-navicon-button { top: 0px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 800px) { .sfm-navicon-button { top: 0px; } } .sfm-navicon-button { left: 0px !important; } @media only screen and (max-width: 800px) { .sfm-navicon-button { left: 0px !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 800px) { .sfm-pos-left.sfm-bar body, .sfm-pos-left.sfm-bar #wpadminbar { padding-left: 225px !important; } .sfm-pos-right.sfm-bar body, .sfm-pos-right.sfm-bar #wpadminbar { padding-right: 225px !important; } } .sfm-navicon:after, .sfm-label-text .sfm-navicon:after, .sfm-label-none .sfm-navicon:after { top: -8px; } .sfm-navicon:before, .sfm-label-text .sfm-navicon:before, .sfm-label-none .sfm-navicon:before { top: 8px; } .sfm-body-pushed #sfm-overlay, body[class*="sfm-view-pushed"] #sfm-overlay { opacity: 0.6; } .sfm-body-pushed #sfm-overlay, body[class*="sfm-view-pushed"] #sfm-overlay { cursor: url("https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/superfly-menu/img/close3.png") 16 16,pointer; } .sfm-style-skew #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social{ height: auto; /*min-height: 75px;*/ } .sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg, .sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ width: 450px; } /* Pos left */ .sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); } .sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-450px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); } /* Pos right */ .sfm-pos-right .sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-0px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-0px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-0px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-0px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); } /* exposed */ .sfm-sidebar-exposed.sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg, .sfm-sidebar-always .sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-75px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-75px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-exposed.sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-always .sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-225px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-112.5px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); } .sfm-sidebar-exposed.sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg, .sfm-sidebar-always .sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-150px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-150px,0,0) skewX(12.05deg); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-exposed.sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg, .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-always .sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-150px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); transform: translate3d(-150px,0,0) skewX(-12.05deg); } /* Always visible */ .sfm-sidebar-always.sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: skewX(-12.05deg); transform: skewX(-12.05deg); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-always.sfm-theme-top .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: skewX(12.05deg); transform: skewX(12.05deg); } .sfm-sidebar-always.sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: skewX(-160.65deg); transform: skewX(-160.65deg); } .sfm-pos-right .sfm-sidebar-always.sfm-theme-bottom .sfm-sidebar-bg{ -webkit-transform: skewX(160.65deg); transform: skewX(160.65deg); } .sfm-navicon, .sfm-navicon:after, .sfm-navicon:before, .sfm-label-metro .sfm-navicon-button, #sfm-mob-navbar { background-color: #000000; } .sfm-label-metro .sfm-navicon, #sfm-mob-navbar .sfm-navicon, .sfm-label-metro .sfm-navicon:after, #sfm-mob-navbar .sfm-navicon:after, .sfm-label-metro .sfm-navicon:before, #sfm-mob-navbar .sfm-navicon:before { background-color: #ffffff; } .sfm-navicon-button .sf_label_icon{ color: #ffffff; } .sfm-label-square .sfm-navicon-button, .sfm-label-rsquare .sfm-navicon-button, .sfm-label-circle .sfm-navicon-button { color: #000000; } .sfm-navicon-button .sf_label_icon{ width: 53px; height: 53px; font-size: calc(53px * .6); } .sfm-navicon-button .sf_label_icon.la_icon_manager_custom{ width: 53px; height: 53px; } .sfm-navicon-button.sf_label_default{ width: 53px; height: 53px; } #sfm-sidebar [class*="sfm-icon-"] { color: #aaaaaa; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social li { border-color: #aaaaaa; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social a:before { color: #aaaaaa; } #sfm-sidebar .sfm-search-form { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05); } #sfm-sidebar li:hover span[class*='fa-'] { opacity: 1 !important; } </style> <script> ;(function (){ var insertListener = function(event){ if (event.animationName == "bodyArrived") { afterContentArrived(); } } var timer, _timer; if (document.addEventListener && false) { document.addEventListener("animationstart", insertListener, false); // standard + firefox document.addEventListener("MSAnimationStart", insertListener, false); // IE document.addEventListener("webkitAnimationStart", insertListener, false); // Chrome + Safari } else { timer = setInterval(function(){ if (document.body) { // clearInterval(timer); afterContentArrived(); } },14); } function afterContentArrived() { clearTimeout(_timer); var htmlClss; if (window.jQuery) { htmlClss = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0].className; if (htmlClss.indexOf('sfm-pos') === -1) { document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0].className = htmlClss + ' ' + window.SFM_classes; } jQuery('body').fadeIn(); jQuery(document).trigger('sfm_doc_body_arrived'); window.SFM_EVENT_DISPATCHED = true; } else { _timer = setTimeout(function(){ afterContentArrived(); },14); } } })() </script><script type='text/javascript'>var SFM_template ="<div class=\"sfm-rollback sfm-color1 sfm-theme-none sfm-label-visible sfm-label-metro \" style=\"\">\n <div role='button' tabindex='0' aria-haspopup=\"true\" class='sfm-navicon-button x sf_label_default '><div class=\"sfm-navicon\"><\/div> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sfm-sidebar\" style=\"opacity:0\" data-wp-menu-id=\"4269\" class=\"sfm-theme-none sfm-hl-line sfm-indicators\">\n <div class=\"sfm-scroll-wrapper sfm-scroll-main\">\n <div class=\"sfm-scroll\">\n <div class=\"sfm-sidebar-close\"><\/div>\n <div class=\"sfm-logo\">\n <a class=\"lg\" href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/\">\n <img src=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/logo_blanc_home_ISTE_Group.png\" alt=\"\">\n <\/a>\n <script>\n $('.lg').click(function() { \n window.open($(this).attr('href'), \"_self\" );\n});\n <\/script>\n <div class=\"sfm-title\"><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <nav class=\"sfm-nav\">\n <div class=\"sfm-va-middle\">\n <ul id=\"sfm-nav\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-51452\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-51452\"><a>Collections<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43090\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43090\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/biologie-medecine-et-sante\/\">Biologie, m\u00e9decine et sant\u00e9<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42811\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42811\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/bioingenierie-medicale\/\">Bioing\u00e9nierie m\u00e9dicale<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42812\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42812\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/biologie\/\">Biologie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42824\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42824\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/ingenierie-de-la-sante-et-societe\/\">Ing\u00e9nierie de la sant\u00e9 et soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43091\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43091\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/chemistry\/\">Chimie<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42809\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42809\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/agriculture-science-des-aliments-et-nutrition\/\">Agriculture, science des aliments et nutrition<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42813\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42813\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/chimie-moleculaire-verte-medicinale-et-pharmaceutique\/\">Chimie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43092\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43092\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/ecologie-et-environnement\/\">\u00c9cologie et environnement<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42815\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42815\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/ecologie-environnement\/\">\u00c9cologie \u2013 Environnement<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43093\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43093\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/information-et-communication\/\">Information et communication<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42823\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42823\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/informatique\/\">Informatique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42828\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42828\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/management-des-connaissances\/\">Management des connaissances<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42840\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42840\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/systemes-dinformation-web-et-societe\/\">Syst\u00e8mes d\u2019information, web et soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43094\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43094\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/ingenierie-et-systemes\/\">Ing\u00e9nierie et syst\u00e8mes<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42817\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42817\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/energie\/\">\u00c9nergie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42818\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42818\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/genie-civil-et-geomecanique\/\">G\u00e9nie civil et g\u00e9om\u00e9canique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42819\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42819\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/genie-des-procedes-2\/\">G\u00e9nie des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42820\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42820\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/genie-mecanique-et-mecanique-des-solides\/\">G\u00e9nie m\u00e9canique et m\u00e9canique des solides<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42830\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42830\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/mecanique-des-fluides\/\">M\u00e9canique des fluides<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42831\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42831\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/methodes-numeriques\/\">M\u00e9thodes num\u00e9riques<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42835\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42835\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/reseaux-et-telecommunications\/\">R\u00e9seaux et t\u00e9l\u00e9communications<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42836\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42836\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/science-des-materiaux\/\">Science des mat\u00e9riaux<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42841\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42841\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/systemes-et-genie-industriel\/\">Syst\u00e8mes et g\u00e9nie industriel<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43095\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43095\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/mathematiques\/\">Math\u00e9matiques<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42829\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42829\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/mathematiques-et-statistiques\/\">Math\u00e9matiques et statistiques<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43096\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43096\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/physique\/\">Physique<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42816\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42816\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/electronique\/\">\u00c9lectronique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42833\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42833\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/ondes\/\">Ondes<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42834\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42834\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/physique\/\">Physique<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43097\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43097\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/sciences-humaines-et-sociales\/\">Sciences humaines et sociales<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42810\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42810\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/arts-et-sciences\/\">Arts et sciences<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42822\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42822\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/histoire-des-sciences\/\">Histoire des sciences<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42825\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42825\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/francais-innovation-en-sciences-de-leducation\/\">Innovation en sciences de l\u2019\u00e9ducation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42826\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42826\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/innovation-entrepreneuriat-et-gestion\/\">Innovation, entrepreneuriat et gestion<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42827\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42827\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/interdisciplinarite-sciences-et-humanites\/\">Interdisciplinarit\u00e9, sciences et humanit\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42837\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42837\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/sciences-cognitives\/\">Sciences cognitives<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42838\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42838\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/sciences-societe-et-nouvelles-technologies\/\">Sciences, soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et nouvelles technologies<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-43098\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-43098\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/terre-et-univers\/\">Terre et Univers<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42814\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42814\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/francais-climat-et-atmosphere\/\">Climat et atmosph\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42821\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42821\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/geosciences\/\">G\u00e9osciences<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42832\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42832\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/oceanographie\/\">Oc\u00e9anographie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42839\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42839\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/spatiologie\/\">Spatiologie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42842\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-collection menu-item-42842\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/univers\/\">Univers<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-50621\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-50621\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/abreges\/\">Abr\u00e9g\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-51453\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-51453\"><a>Encyclop\u00e9die SCIENCES<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42844\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42844\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/biologie-medecine-et-sante\/\">Biologie, m\u00e9decine et sant\u00e9<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42845\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42845\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/biologie\/\">Biologie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42846\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42846\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/sante-et-societe\/\">Sant\u00e9 et soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42847\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42847\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/technologies-pour-la-sante\/\">Technologies pour la sant\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42848\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42848\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/chemistry\/\">Chimie<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42861\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42861\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/agronomie-et-science-des-aliments\/\">Agronomie et science des aliments<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42862\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42862\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/chimie\/\">Chimie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42849\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42849\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/ecologie-et-environnement\/\">\u00c9cologie et environnement<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42863\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42863\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/ecosystemes-et-environnement\/\">\u00c9cosyst\u00e8mes et environnement<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42850\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42850\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/information-et-communication\/\">Information et communication<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42864\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42864\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/informatique\/\">Informatique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42865\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42865\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/management-des-connaissances-scientifiques\/\">Management des connaissances scientifiques<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42851\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42851\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/ingenierie-et-systemes\/\">Ing\u00e9nierie et syst\u00e8mes<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42866\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42866\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/energie\/\">\u00c9nergie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42867\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42867\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/genie-des-procedes\/\">G\u00e9nie des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42868\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42868\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/image\/\">Image<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42869\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42869\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/mecanique\/\">M\u00e9canique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42870\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42870\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/reseaux-et-communications\/\">R\u00e9seaux et communications<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42871\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42871\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/science-des-materiaux\/\">Science des mat\u00e9riaux<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42872\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42872\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/systemes-et-genie-industriel\/\">Syst\u00e8mes et g\u00e9nie industriel<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42852\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42852\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/mathematiques\/\">Math\u00e9matiques<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42873\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42873\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/mathematiques\/\">Math\u00e9matiques<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42874\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42874\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/statistique\/\">Statistique<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42853\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42853\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/physique\/\">Physique<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42875\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42875\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/electronique\/\">\u00c9lectronique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42876\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42876\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/nanoscience-et-nanotechnologies\/\">Nanoscience et nanotechnologies<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42877\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42877\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/ondes\/\">Ondes<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42878\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42878\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/physique-de-la-matiere-condensee\/\">Physique de la mati\u00e8re condens\u00e9e<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42879\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42879\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/physique-de-la-matiere-molle\/\">Physique de la mati\u00e8re molle<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42854\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42854\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/sciences-humaines-et-sociales\/\">Sciences humaines et sociales<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42880\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42880\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/architecture-urbanisme-et-amenagement\/\">Architecture, urbanisme et am\u00e9nagement<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42881\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42881\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/cognition-et-langage\/\">Cognition et langage<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42882\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42882\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/education-et-formation\/\">\u00c9ducation et formation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42883\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42883\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/geographie-et-demographie\/\">G\u00e9ographie et d\u00e9mographie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42884\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42884\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/histoire-des-sciences-et-des-techniques\/\">Histoire des sciences<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42885\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42885\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/sociologie-ethique-et-epistemologie-des-sciences\/\">Sociologie, \u00e9thique et \u00e9pist\u00e9mologie des sciences<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42886\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42886\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/sciences-economiques-et-gestion\/\">Sciences \u00e9conomiques et gestion<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-42855\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-department menu-item-has-children menu-item-42855\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/department\/terre-et-univers\/\">Terre et Univers<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42887\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42887\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/climat-et-atmosphere\/\">Climat et atmosph\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42888\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42888\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/geosciences\/\">G\u00e9osciences<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42889\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42889\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/oceanographie-et-ecologie-marine\/\">Oc\u00e9anographie et \u00e9cologie marine<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42890\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42890\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/spatiologie\/\">Spatiologie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-42891\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-domain menu-item-42891\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/domain\/univers\/\">Univers<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-51454\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-51454\"><a>Nouveaut\u00e9s<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-51455\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-51455\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/nouveautes\/?book_type=Collections\">Collections<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-51456\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-51456\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/nouveautes\/?book_type=Sciences\">Encyclop\u00e9die SCIENCES<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-51457\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-51457\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/collection\/abreges\/\">Abr\u00e9g\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul> <div class=\"sfm-widget-area\"><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/nav>\n <ul class=\"sfm-social sfm-social-icons\"><\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"sfm-sidebar-bg\">\n \n <\/div>\n <div class=\"sfm-view sfm-view-level-custom\">\n <span class=\"sfm-close\"><\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sfm-overlay-wrapper\"><div id=\"sfm-overlay\"><\/div><div class=\"sfm-nav-bg_item -top\"><\/div><div class=\"sfm-nav-bg_item -bottom\"><\/div><\/div>"</script><style type="text/css"> .qtranxs_flag_fr {background-image: url(https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/qtranslate-x/flags/fr.png); background-repeat: no-repeat;} .qtranxs_flag_en {background-image: url(https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/qtranslate-x/flags/gb.png); background-repeat: no-repeat;} </style> <link hreflang="fr" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/" rel="alternate" /> <link hreflang="en" href="https://www.istegroup.com/en/sciences/" rel="alternate" /> <link hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/" rel="alternate" /> <meta name="generator" content="qTranslate-X 3.4.6.8" /> <noscript><style>.woocommerce-product-gallery{ opacity: 1 !important; }</style></noscript> <style id='wp-fonts-local' type='text/css'> @font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:300 900;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/fonts/Inter-VariableFont_slnt,wght.woff2') format('woff2');font-stretch:normal;} @font-face{font-family:Cardo;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/fonts/cardo_normal_400.woff2') format('woff2');} </style> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> #main-menu ul li a{ cursor:pointer; } #main-menu #mobile-toggle{ position:relative } @media (max-width:767px) { #main-menu ul ul { position: static; transform: none; opacity:1; } #main-menu ul li.menu-item-has-children ul{ display:none; } #main-menu ul li.menu-item-has-children > a { position: relative; z-index: 1; } #main-menu ul li.menu-item-has-children > a i:after { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 50%; right: -10px; transform: translatey(-50%); width: 0; height: 0; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 5px 0 5px; border-color: #fff transparent transparent transparent; margin-left: 10px; z-index: -1; } } .shipping-calculator-button { display : none !Important; } #menu-left{ display:none !important; } #page{ left: 0px; width: 100%; } body.open-left #page { transform: none!important; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> var curLang = 'fr'; </script> <script data-ad-client="pub-7964343035161655" async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> </head> <body class="page-template page-template-template-sciences page-template-template-sciences-php page page-id-13875 theme-scibooks _masterslider _msp_version_3.6.5 woocommerce-no-js scibooks-full-width-content right-sidebar woocommerce-active"> <div id="menu-left" class="vmenu"> <div id="lang-btn"> <div class="lang" data-lang="fr">FR</div>|<div class="lang" data-lang="en">EN</div> </div> <div class="open-icon open-bar"> <div class="menu-name">III</div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="hierarchie"> <div class="icon" data-icon="_"></div> <ul class="nodes sep" data-level=""> <li class="node active current editions" data-target="editions-tree"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/nouveautes/">Collections</a> </li> <li class="node active sciences" data-target="sciences-tree"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/">Encyclopédie SCIENCES</a> </li> <div class="clear"></div> </ul> </div> <div id="editions-tree" class="tree active"> <ul class="pt department menu active"> <li class="active show-level"> <a href="#">Tous les départements</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-856"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/biologie-medecine-et-sante/">Biologie, médecine et santé</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-860"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/chemistry/">Chimie</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-861"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/ecologie-et-environnement/">Écologie et environnement</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-868"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/information-et-communication/">Information et communication</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-866"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/ingenierie-et-systemes/">Ingénierie et systèmes</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-869"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/mathematiques/">Mathématiques</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-864"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/physique/">Physique</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-858"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/sciences-humaines-et-sociales/">Sciences humaines et sociales</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="collection" data-target-class="dept-872"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/terre-et-univers/">Terre et Univers</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="pt collection menu active"> <li class="active show-level"> <a href="#">Toutes les collections</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-919"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/agriculture-science-des-aliments-et-nutrition/">Agriculture, science des aliments et nutrition</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-896"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/arts-et-sciences/">Arts et sciences</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-897"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/bioingenierie-medicale/">Bioingénierie médicale</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-9489"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/biologie/">Biologie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-899"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/chimie-moleculaire-verte-medicinale-et-pharmaceutique/">Chimie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-10211"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/francais-climat-et-atmosphere/">Climat et atmosphère</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-900"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/ecologie-environnement/">Écologie – Environnement</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-901"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/electronique/">Électronique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-902"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/energie/">Énergie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-903"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/genie-civil-et-geomecanique/">Génie civil et géomécanique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-904"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/genie-des-procedes-2/">Génie des procédés</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-905"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/genie-mecanique-et-mecanique-des-solides/">Génie mécanique et mécanique des solides</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-12375"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/geosciences/">Géosciences</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-906"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/histoire-des-sciences/">Histoire des sciences</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-45194"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/hors-collection/">Hors collection</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-907"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/informatique/">Informatique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-908"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/ingenierie-de-la-sante-et-societe/">Ingénierie de la santé et société</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-9127"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/francais-innovation-en-sciences-de-leducation/">Innovation en sciences de l’éducation</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-773"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/innovation-entrepreneuriat-et-gestion/">Innovation, entrepreneuriat et gestion</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-910"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/interdisciplinarite-sciences-et-humanites/">Interdisciplinarité, sciences et humanités</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-9122"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/management-des-connaissances/">Management des connaissances</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-911"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/mathematiques-et-statistiques/">Mathématiques et statistiques</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-912"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/mecanique-des-fluides/">Mécanique des fluides</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-913"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/methodes-numeriques/">Méthodes numériques</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-12373"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/oceanographie/">Océanographie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-915"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/ondes/">Ondes</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-13795"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/physique/">Physique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-917"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/reseaux-et-telecommunications/">Réseaux et télécommunications</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-918"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/science-des-materiaux/">Science des matériaux</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-920"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/sciences-cognitives/">Sciences cognitives</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-921"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/sciences-societe-et-nouvelles-technologies/">Sciences, société et nouvelles technologies</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-922"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/spatiologie/">Spatiologie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-924"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/systemes-dinformation-web-et-societe/">Systèmes d’information, web et société</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-925"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/systemes-et-genie-industriel/">Systèmes et génie industriel</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-10217"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/univers/">Univers</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="series" data-target-class="coll-48942"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/abreges/">Abrégés</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="pt series menu active"> <li class="active show-level"> <a href="#">Toutes les séries</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-22053"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/acides-nucleiques/">Acides nucléiques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-1898"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/addictions/">Addictions</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7786"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/analyse-pour-les-edp/">Analyse pour les EDP</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-25138"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/anatomie-comparee-et-posture-de-lanimal-et-de-lhomme/">Anatomie comparée et posture de l’animal et de l’homme</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-19294"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/applications-des-metamateriaux-aux-vibrations/">Applications des métamatériaux aux vibrations</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-37300"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/apprentissage-developpement-et-technologies-cognitives/">Apprentissage, développement et technologies cognitives</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-21749"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/approches-communicationnelles-des-mediations-marchandes/">Approches communicationnelles des médiations marchandes</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-11138"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/architecture-et-sciences-informatiques/">Architecture et sciences informatiques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7795"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/architecture-energie-et-ingenierie/">Architecture, énergie et ingénierie</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-11987"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/arn-acide-ribonucleique/">ARN (Acide ribonucléique)</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7804"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/bibliotheques-et-collections-numeriques/">Bibliothèques et collections numériques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7781"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/big-data-ia-et-analyse-de-donnees/">Big Data, IA et analyse de données</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7766"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/biostatistique-et-sciences-de-la-sante/">Biostatistique et sciences de la santé</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-12960"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/biotechnologies-innovations-benefices-et-risques/">Biotechnologies – innovations, bénéfices et risques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-40498"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/changements-planetaires-decision-gouvernance/">Changements planétaires, décision, gouvernance</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-23185"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/changements-technologiques-et-ressources-humaines/">Changements technologiques et ressources humaines</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7773"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/chemostat-et-bioprocedes/">Chémostat et bioprocédés</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-54191"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/communication-et-sante/">Communication et santé</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-40387"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/communication-environnement-science-et-societe/">Communication, environnement, science et société</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-23352"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/complexite-des-systemes-de-systemes/">Complexité des systèmes de systèmes</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-52006"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/creativite-organisationnelle/">Créativité organisationnelle</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-15036"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/cybersecurite/">Cybersécurité</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-14509"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/serie-des-concepts-pour-penser-la-societe-du-xxie-siecle/">Des concepts pour penser la société du XXI<sup>e</sup> siècle</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-47696"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/developpement-des-territoires/">Développement des territoires</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-12972"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/durabilite-des-ouvrages-de-genie-civil/">Durabilité des ouvrages de génie civil</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7792"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/durabilite-et-vieillissement-des-materiaux-composites-a-matrice-organique/">Durabilité et vieillissement des matériaux composites à matrice organique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7767"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/durabilite-robustesse-et-fiabilite-des-dispositifs-photoniques/">Durabilité, robustesse et fiabilité des dispositifs photoniques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7801"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/ecotoxicologie/">Écotoxicologie</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7796"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/education/">Éducation</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7793"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/enonciation-et-syntaxe-en-discours/">Énonciation et syntaxe en discours</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-51955"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/entrepreneuriat-territoires-et-innovation/">Entrepreneuriat, territoires et innovation</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7774"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/equipements-industriels-pour-le-genie-des-procedes/">Équipements industriels pour le génie des procédés</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7775"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/fiabilite-des-systemes-multiphysiques/">Fiabilité des systèmes multiphysiques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-21606"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/finance-moderne-innovation-manageriale-et-croissance-economique/">Finance moderne, innovation managériale et croissance économique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-22221"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/genie-urbain/">Génie urbain</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-13776"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/geographie-sociale-et-politique/">Géographie sociale et politique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7768"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/gestion-de-lenergie-dans-les-systemes-embarques/">Gestion de l’énergie dans les systèmes embarqués</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7805"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/gestion-des-territoires-et-sante-numerique/">Gestion des territoires et santé numérique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-40787"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/gouvernance-et-sacre/">Gouvernance et sacré</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7780"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/industrialisation-de-la-sante/">Industrialisation de la santé</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7806"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/informatique-et-societe-connectees/">Informatique et société connectées</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-9238"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/francais-ingenierie-de-lenergie/">Ingénierie de l’énergie</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7776"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/ingenierie-mathematique-et-mecanique/">Ingénierie mathématique et mécanique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7797"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/innovation-et-recherche-responsables/">Innovation et recherche responsables</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-9142"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/francais-innovation-et-responsabilite/">Innovation et responsabilité</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7783"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/innovation-et-technologies/">Innovation et technologies</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-56157"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/intelligence-artificielle-en-mecanique/">Intelligence artificielle en mécanique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7807"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/interaction-homme-machine/">Intéraction Homme-Machine</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7798"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/interdisciplinarite-autour-du-social/">Interdisciplinarité autour du social</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7799"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/interdisciplinarite-sciences-biologiques-et-sciences-sociales/">Interdisciplinarité sciences biologiques et sciences sociales</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7782"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/linnovation-entre-le-risque-et-la-reussite/">L’innovation entre le risque et la réussite</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-24348"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/lafrique-a-lere-du-numerique/">L’Afrique à l’ère du numérique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7789"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/lidentification-sans-fil-au-dela-de-la-rfid/">L’identification sans fil au-delà de la RFID</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-12236"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/linformation-dans-la-sante/">L’information dans la santé</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-11588"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/la-spectroscopie-infrarouge/">La spectroscopie infrarouge</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7788"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/lasers-de-nouvelle-generation/">Lasers de nouvelle génération</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7794"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/les-concepts-fondateurs-de-la-philosophie-du-langage/">Les concepts fondateurs de la philosophie du langage</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7779"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/les-metaheuristiques/">Les métaheuristiques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-13319"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/les-sols/">Les sols</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-11030"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/linguistique-du-langage-oral/">Linguistique du langage oral</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-14595"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/logique-linguistique-et-informatique/">Logique, linguistique et informatique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-57579"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/management-et-organisations-solidaires/">Management et organisations solidaires</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-24936"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/matrices-et-tenseurs-en-traitement-du-signal/">Matrices et tenseurs en traitement du signal</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7777"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/mecanique-des-solides-indeformables/">Mécanique des solides indéformables</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-48465"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/mediations-et-mediatisations-des-savoirs/">Médiations et médiatisations des savoirs</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-1908"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/mer-et-ocean/">Mer et Océan</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-20623"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/methodologies-de-modelisation-en-sciences-sociales/">Méthodologies de modélisation en sciences sociales</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-11142"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/mise-en-oeuvre-du-model-based-system-engineering/">Mise en oeuvre du Model Based System Engineering</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7765"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/modelisation-et-controle-des-procedes-alimentaires/">Modélisation et contrôle des procédés alimentaires</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7778"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/modelisation-geometrique-et-applications/">Modélisation géométrique et applications</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7787"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/nouvelles-methodes-mathematiques-systemes-et-applications/">Nouvelles méthodes mathématiques, systèmes et applications</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7784"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/organisation-et-gestion-des-personnes/">Organisation et gestion des personnes</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7808"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/outils-et-usages-numeriques/">Outils et usages numériques</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-12201"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/paleobiologie-des-vertebres-et-paleoenvironnements/">Paléobiologie des vertébrés et paléoenvironnements</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-17997"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/principales-avancees-vers-une-synthese-organique-ecocompatible/">Principales avancées vers une synthèse organique écocompatible</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-12159"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/prospective-technologique-et-application-sociale/">Prospective technologique et application sociale</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-14718"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/recherches-theories-et-methodes-innovantes-en-shs/">Recherches, théories et méthodes innovantes en SHS</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-13728"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/regards-croises-sur-la-creation-de-valeur/">Regards croisés sur la création de valeur</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7790"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/reseaux-de-nouvelles-generations/">Réseaux de nouvelles générations</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-17066"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/risque-radioactif/">Risque radioactif</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-38729"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/sante-et-innovation/">Santé et innovation</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7791"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/sante-et-patients/">Santé et patients</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-45137"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/sciences-du-numerique/">Sciences du numérique</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7769"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/smart-grids-de-nouvelle-generation/">Smart Grids de nouvelle génération</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7785"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/smart-innovation/">Smart innovation</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7770"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/stockage-de-lenergie-batteries-et-supercondensateurs/">Stockage de l’énergie – Batteries et supercondensateurs</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7809"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/systemes-dinformation-avances/">Systèmes d’information avancés</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7810"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/technologies-intellectives/">Technologies intellectives</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7803"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/teledetection-pour-lobservation-des-surfaces-continentales/">Télédétection pour l’observation des surfaces continentales</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7772"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/thermodynamique-energie-environnement-economie/">Thermodynamique – Energie, Environnement, Economie</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7771"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/thermodynamique-chimique-approfondie/">Thermodynamique chimique approfondie</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-15500"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/tourisme-et-systemes-de-mobilite/">Tourisme et systèmes de mobilité</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-7800"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/traces/">Traces</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-9213"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/utilisation-de-qgis-en-teledetection/">Utilisation de QGIS en télédétection</a> </li> <li class="dept- coll-" data-target-class="serie-11034"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/series/utopies-en-information-communication-et-documentation/">Utopies en information, communication et documentation</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="sciences-tree" class="tree"> <ul class="pt department menu active"> <li class="active show-level"> <a href="#">Tous les départements</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-856"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/biologie-medecine-et-sante/?tree=sciences">Biologie, médecine et santé</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-860"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/chemistry/?tree=sciences">Chimie</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-861"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/ecologie-et-environnement/?tree=sciences">Écologie et environnement</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-868"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/information-et-communication/?tree=sciences">Information et communication</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-866"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/ingenierie-et-systemes/?tree=sciences">Ingénierie et systèmes</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-869"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/mathematiques/?tree=sciences">Mathématiques</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-864"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/physique/?tree=sciences">Physique</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-858"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/sciences-humaines-et-sociales/?tree=sciences">Sciences humaines et sociales</a> </li> <li class="active" data-submenu="domain" data-target-class="dept-872"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/terre-et-univers/?tree=sciences">Terre et Univers</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="pt domain menu active"> <li class="active show-level"> <a href="#">Tous les domaines</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8609"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/agronomie-et-science-des-aliments/">Agronomie et science des aliments</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8813"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/architecture-urbanisme-et-amenagement/">Architecture, urbanisme et aménagement</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-930"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/biologie/">Biologie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-931"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/chimie/">Chimie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-12568"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/climat-et-atmosphere/">Climat et atmosphère</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-947"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/cognition-et-langage/">Cognition et langage</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-932"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/ecosystemes-et-environnement/">Écosystèmes et environnement</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8832"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/education-et-formation/">Éducation et formation</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-933"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/electronique/">Électronique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-934"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/energie/">Énergie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-936"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/genie-des-procedes/">Génie des procédés</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-13409"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/geographie-et-demographie/">Géographie et démographie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8673"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/geosciences/">Géosciences</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-13411"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/histoire-des-sciences-et-des-techniques/">Histoire des sciences</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8674"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/image/">Image</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-937"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/informatique/">Informatique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8624"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/management-des-connaissances-scientifiques/">Management des connaissances scientifiques</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-940"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/mathematiques/">Mathématiques</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-935"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/mecanique/">Mécanique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-941"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/nanoscience-et-nanotechnologies/">Nanoscience et nanotechnologies</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-12583"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/oceanographie-et-ecologie-marine/">Océanographie et écologie marine</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-942"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/ondes/">Ondes</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-943"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/physique-de-la-matiere-condensee/">Physique de la matière condensée</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8811"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/physique-de-la-matiere-molle/">Physique de la matière molle</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-944"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/reseaux-et-communications/">Réseaux et communications</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-938"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/sante-et-societe/">Santé et société</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-945"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/science-des-materiaux/">Science des matériaux</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-34257"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/sciences-economiques-et-gestion/">Sciences économiques et gestion</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8841"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/sociologie-ethique-et-epistemologie-des-sciences/">Sociologie, éthique et épistémologie des sciences</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-948"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/spatiologie/">Spatiologie</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8747"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/statistique/">Statistique</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-950"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/systemes-et-genie-industriel/">Systèmes et génie industriel</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-14864"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/technologies-pour-la-sante/">Technologies pour la santé</a> </li> <li class="dept-" data-submenu="theme" data-target-class="dom-8886"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domain/univers/">Univers</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main-menu"> <div class="container"> <div id="mobile-toggle">MENU</div>  <div class="menu-handheld-menu-container"><ul id="menu-handheld-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-13872" class="open-menu editions menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13872"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/nouveautes/">Nouveautés</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18961" class="no-ajax menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-18961"><a>Publications</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-14169" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14169"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collections/">Collections</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-13875 current_page_item menu-item-13877"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/" aria-current="page">Encyclopédie SCIENCES</a></li> <li id="menu-item-49808" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-49808"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/abreges/">Abrégés</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18962" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18962"><a href="http://www.iste.co.uk/">Livres en anglais</a></li> <li id="menu-item-24901" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24901"><a href="https://iste-international.es/">Livres en espagnol</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20279" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20279"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/revues-openscience/">Revues OpenScience</a></li> <li id="menu-item-21529" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-21529"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/ebooks-en-libre-acces/">Publications</br>en libre accès</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15645" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15645"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/commandes/">Commandes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20125" class="no-ajax menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20125"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/contact-2/">Contacts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23270" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23270"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/auteurs/">Auteurs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22636" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-22636"><a>Catalogues</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-22639" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-22639"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/">Collections</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22640" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-22640"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domaine/">Encyclopédie SCIENCES</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22642" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-22642"><a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/revues-openscience/">Revues OpenScience</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-42857" class="qtranxs-lang-menu qtranxs-lang-menu-en menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-42857"><a title="EN" href="https://www.istegroup.com/en/sciences/"><img src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/qtranslate-x/flags/gb.png" alt="EN" /></a></li> </ul></div> <div class="activate-search icon" data-icon='8'></div>  </div> </div> <div id="progress-bar"></div> <div id="layer"></div> <div id="dropdown-back"></div> <div class="tooltip-scroll icon" data-icon="i">Voir tous les départements</div> <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <div id="body-classes" class="page-template page-template-template-sciences page-template-template-sciences-php page page-id-13875 theme-scibooks _masterslider _msp_version_3.6.5 woocommerce-no-js scibooks-full-width-content right-sidebar woocommerce-active"></div> <div id="body-title" data-c="Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Editions"></div> <div id="wp-edit-link-updater" data-c=""></div> <div id="wp-login-redirect" data-c="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.istegroup.com%2Ffr%2Fsciences%2F"></div> <div id="post_data" data-post_id="13875" data-post_type="page"></div> <header id="masthead" class="site-header" role="banner"> <div class="back" style="background-image: url(https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rawpixel-781987-unsplash-1451x1024.jpg);"></div> <div class="filter gradient"> </div> <div class="center infos active"> <h1>Encyclopédie SCIENCES</h1> <div class="sub-title">Une encyclopédie de plus de 700 volumes, qui couvre les sciences pures et appliquées, la santé et les SHS. <br />Les ouvrages traitent de l’état de l’art, de la recherche et des applications.</div> <div class="stats"> <div class="item t4 icon" data-icon=""> <div class="number anim-count" data-num="9">0</div> <div class="name">Départements</div> </div> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domaine/"> <div class="item t4 icon" data-icon="W"> <div class="number anim-count" data-num="34">0</div> <div class="name">Domaines</div> </div> </a> <div class="item t4 icon" data-icon=""> <div class="number anim-count" data-num="288">0</div> <div class="name">Thèmes</div> </div> <a href="?view=carte"> <div class="item t4 icon" data-icon="t"> <div class="number anim-count" data-num="668">0</div> <div class="name">Ouvrages prévus</div> </div> </a> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="center"> <a class="button active" href="?view=normal">voir par départements</a> <a class="button " href="?view=carte">Arborescence de SCIENCES</a> </div> </div> <div id="search-layer" class="center infos "> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.istegroup.com/"> <label class="icon" data-icon="8"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Rechercher..." value="" name="s" autocomplete="off" size="40"> </label> </form> <h4>Rechercher un auteur, un livre, une collection, une série...</h4> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content" tabindex="-1"> <div id="page-loader"> <svg width="44" height="44" viewBox="0 0 44 44" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" stroke="#33333f"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-width="2"> <circle cx="22" cy="22" r="1"> <animate attributeName="r" begin="0s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 20" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> <animate attributeName="stroke-opacity" begin="0s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 0" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.3, 0.61, 0.355, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> </circle> <circle cx="22" cy="22" r="1"> <animate attributeName="r" begin="-0.9s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 20" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> <animate attributeName="stroke-opacity" begin="-0.9s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 0" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.3, 0.61, 0.355, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> </circle> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="col-full"> <div class="woocommerce"></div> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main full" role="main"> <section class="clean first"> <div class="introduction"> <p style="text-align: center;"><a style="color: #1e9691;" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences-lencyclopedie-de-notre-temps/">SCIENCES, l’Encyclopédie de notre temps</a><br /> par Jean-Charles Pomerol, président du Conseil scientifique d’ISTE et ancien président d’UPMC.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><a style="color: #1e9691;" href="https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/articles/sciences-une-encyclopedie-contemporaine" target="_blank" rel="noopener">SCIENCES, une encyclopédie contemporaine</a><br /> article paru dans CNRS Le journal, le 2/10/2020.</p> <p><center><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/HhJLfENOFXA?modestbranding=1" width="640" height="360" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"><span data-mce-type="bookmark" style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;" class="mce_SELRES_start"></span></iframe></center></p> <p style="text-align: center;">L’Encyclopédie SCIENCES est organisée en <span style="color: #1e9691;"><a style="color: #1e9691;" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/domaine/">domaines scientifiques</a></span>, chacun divisé en thèmes définis<br /> par le directeur du domaine qui en nomme les responsables éditoriaux.</p> <p> </p> <table align="center"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 100px; padding-bottom: 15px; float: right;"><img decoding="async" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline; margin-right: 20px;" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/pijaudier.png" width="80" /></td> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0; padding-bottom: 15px; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; width: 65%;">Coordinateur général pour les sciences pures et appliquées<br /> <em>Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot<br /> Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour<br /> </em></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 100px; padding-bottom: 15px; float: right;"><img decoding="async" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline; margin-right: 20px;" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/reber.png" width="80" /></td> <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0; padding-bottom: 15px; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; width: 65%;">Coordinateur général pour les sciences humaines et sociales<br /> <em>Bernard Reber<br /> CNRS – Sciences Po<br /> </em></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/biologie-medecine-et-sante/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="200" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2-300x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Biologie - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2-545x363.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2-90x60.jpg 90w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/biologie2.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Biologie, médecine et santé</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">3</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">23</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/chemistry/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="200" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-300x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Chimie- Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-e1552384400978-545x364.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-768x513.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-1534x1024.jpg 1534w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-90x60.jpg 90w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_chimie-e1552384400978.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Chimie</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">2</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">18</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/ecologie-et-environnement/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/andreas-gucklhorn-285567-unsplash-300x169.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Ecologie - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/andreas-gucklhorn-285567-unsplash-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/andreas-gucklhorn-285567-unsplash-545x306.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/andreas-gucklhorn-285567-unsplash-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/andreas-gucklhorn-285567-unsplash.jpg 1800w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Écologie et environnement</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">1</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">19</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/information-et-communication/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="200" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-300x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Information et communication - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-e1552383332700-545x363.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-90x60.jpg 90w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_Information-communication-e1552383332700.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Information et communication</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">2</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">29</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/ingenierie-et-systemes/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="265" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/département_Ingénierie-300x265.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Ingénierie et systèmes - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/département_Ingénierie-300x265.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/département_Ingénierie-545x481.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/département_Ingénierie-768x678.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/département_Ingénierie-1160x1024.jpg 1160w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/département_Ingénierie-68x60.jpg 68w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Ingénierie et systèmes</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">7</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">56</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/mathematiques/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="225" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2-300x225.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Mathématiques - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2-545x409.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2-1365x1024.jpg 1365w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2-80x60.jpg 80w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/maths2.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Mathématiques</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">2</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">20</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/physique/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="219" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3-300x219.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Physique - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3-300x219.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3-545x397.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3-768x560.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3-1405x1024.jpg 1405w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3-82x60.jpg 82w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/physique3.jpg 1599w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Physique</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">5</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">43</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/sciences-humaines-et-sociales/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="206" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs-300x206.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Sciences humaines et sociales - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs-300x206.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs-545x375.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs-768x528.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs-1489x1024.jpg 1489w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs-87x60.jpg 87w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/departement_shs.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Sciences humaines et sociales</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">7</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">53</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card department animated-in-order fadeInUp"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/department/terre-et-univers/?tree=sciences"> <div class="thumb"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2-300x169.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="ISTE Département Terre et Univers - Livres scientifiques et techniques" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2-545x307.jpg 545w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2-768x433.jpg 768w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2-1800x1015.jpg 1800w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2-106x60.jpg 106w, https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Univers-Terre2.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> <div class="title"> <div class="type">département</div> <div class="name">Terre et Univers</div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">5</div> <div class="field">Domaines</div> </div> <div class="stat w50"> <div class="number">27</div> <div class="field">Thèmes</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </section> </main> </div> </div> </div> <div id="foot-loader"> <svg width="44" height="44" viewBox="0 0 44 44" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" stroke="#33333f"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-width="2"> <circle cx="22" cy="22" r="1"> <animate attributeName="r" begin="0s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 20" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> <animate attributeName="stroke-opacity" begin="0s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 0" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.3, 0.61, 0.355, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> </circle> <circle cx="22" cy="22" r="1"> <animate attributeName="r" begin="-0.9s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 20" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> <animate attributeName="stroke-opacity" begin="-0.9s" dur="1.8s" values="1; 0" calcMode="spline" keyTimes="0; 1" keySplines="0.3, 0.61, 0.355, 1" repeatCount="indefinite" /> </circle> </g> </svg> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <a class="logo" href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr"></a> </div> <center> <div class="col-full" style="padding: 0px;"> <div class="inner-content"> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/sciences/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Encyclopédie-SCIENCES.png" alt="Livres Encyclopédie SCIENCES" ></a> </div> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="http://www.iste.co.uk/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/livres_scientifiques_anglais.png" alt="Livres scientifiques en anglais"></a> </div> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collection/abreges/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Abreges_Footer.png" alt="Collection Abrégés" ></a> </div> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.openscience.fr/Accueil" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/ebook-et-revues-en-libre-accès.png" alt="Ebook et revues en libre accès" ></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-full" style="padding: 0px;"> <div class="inner-content"> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/">Accueil</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/nouveautes/">Nouveautés</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/newsletter/">Newsletter</a> </div> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/collections/">Collections</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/sciences/">Encyclopédie SCIENCES</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/ebooks-en-libre-acces/">Publications en libre accès</a> </div> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/commandes/">Commandes</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/auteurs/">Auteurs</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/contact-2/">Contacts</a> </div> <div class="one-fourth"> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/panier/">Panier</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/checkout/">Check-out</a> <a href="https://www.istegroup.com/fr/mon-compte/">Mon compte</a> </div> </div>  </center> <br><br> <p style="font-size: 13px;text-align: center;">Copyright © 2018-2024 by ISTE Group or related companies. All rights reserved.</p> </div> </footer> </div>  <div class="woocommerce-cart-tab-container woocommerce-cart-tab-container--right"> <div class="woocommerce-cart-tab woocommerce-cart-tab--empty"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 86 104.5" class="woocommerce-cart-tab__icon"> <path class="woocommerce-cart-tab__icon-bag" d="M67.2,26.7C64.6,11.5,54.8,0.2,43.1,0.2C31.4,0.2,21.6,11.5,19,26.7H0.1v77.6h86V26.7H67.2z M43.1,4.2 c9.6,0,17.7,9.6,20,22.6H23C25.4,13.8,33.5,4.2,43.1,4.2z M82.1,100.4h-78V30.7h14.4c-0.1,1.3-0.2,2.6-0.2,3.9c0,1.1,0,2.2,0.1,3.3 c-0.8,0.6-1.4,1.6-1.4,2.8c0,1.9,1.6,3.5,3.5,3.5s3.5-1.6,3.5-3.5c0-1.2-0.6-2.3-1.6-2.9c-0.1-1-0.1-2-0.1-3.1 c0-1.3,0.1-2.6,0.2-3.9h41.2c0.1,1.3,0.2,2.6,0.2,3.9c0,1,0,2.1-0.1,3.1c-1,0.6-1.6,1.7-1.6,2.9c0,1.9,1.6,3.5,3.5,3.5 c1.9,0,3.5-1.6,3.5-3.5c0-1.1-0.5-2.1-1.4-2.8c0.1-1.1,0.1-2.2,0.1-3.3c0-1.3-0.1-2.6-0.2-3.9h14.4V100.4z"/> </svg> <span class="woocommerce-cart-tab__contents">0</span> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery( '.woocommerce-cart-tab' ).click( function() { jQuery( '.woocommerce-cart-tab-container' ).toggleClass( 'woocommerce-cart-tab-container--visible' ); jQuery( 'body' ).toggleClass( 'woocommerce-cart-tab-is-visible' ); }); </script> </div> <div class="widget woocommerce widget_shopping_cart"><h2 class="widgettitle">Votre panier</h2><div class="widget_shopping_cart_content"></div></div></div> <script type='text/javascript'> (function () { var c = document.body.className; c = c.replace(/woocommerce-no-js/, 'woocommerce-js'); document.body.className = c; })(); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-blocks-style-css' href='https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/client/blocks/wc-blocks.css?ver=wc-9.2.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-XGH6H5RFC2" id="google-tag-manager-js" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-google-analytics-integration/assets/js/build/main.js?ver=50c6d17d67ef40d67991" id="woocommerce-google-analytics-integration-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=5.9.8" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = {"api":{"root":"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/fr\/wp-json\/","namespace":"contact-form-7\/v1"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-translations"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function( domain, translations ) { var localeData = translations.locale_data[ domain ] || translations.locale_data.messages; localeData[""].domain = domain; wp.i18n.setLocaleData( localeData, domain ); } )( "contact-form-7", {"translation-revision-date":"2024-06-28 09:28:26+0000","generator":"GlotPress\/4.0.1","domain":"messages","locale_data":{"messages":{"":{"domain":"messages","plural-forms":"nplurals=2; plural=n > 1;","lang":"fr"},"Error:":["Erreur\u00a0:"]}},"comment":{"reference":"includes\/js\/index.js"}} ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=5.9.8" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/js/navigation.min.js?ver=20120206" id="scibooks-navigation-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/js/skip-link-focus-fix.min.js?ver=20130115" id="scibooks-skip-link-focus-fix-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/js/scripts.js?ver=2.2.4" id="scibooks-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/page-links-to/dist/new-tab.js?ver=3.3.7" id="page-links-to-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/sourcebuster/sourcebuster.min.js?ver=9.2.3" id="sourcebuster-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wc-order-attribution-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_order_attribution = {"params":{"lifetime":1.0e-5,"session":30,"base64":false,"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.istegroup.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","prefix":"wc_order_attribution_","allowTracking":true},"fields":{"source_type":"current.typ","referrer":"current_add.rf","utm_campaign":"current.cmp","utm_source":"current.src","utm_medium":"current.mdm","utm_content":"current.cnt","utm_id":"current.id","utm_term":"current.trm","utm_source_platform":"current.plt","utm_creative_format":"current.fmt","utm_marketing_tactic":"current.tct","session_entry":"current_add.ep","session_start_time":"current_add.fd","session_pages":"session.pgs","session_count":"udata.vst","user_agent":"udata.uag"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/order-attribution.min.js?ver=9.2.3" id="wc-order-attribution-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/themes/scibooks/assets/js/woocommerce/header-cart.min.js?ver=1.0" id="scibooks-header-cart-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="privy-marketing-widget-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var privySettings = {"business_id":"68F40CE91AB164FCCCAD38E0","WooCommerce":{"cart_total":0}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://widget.privy.com/assets/widget.js?ver=6.6.1" id="privy-marketing-widget-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="woocommerce-google-analytics-integration-data-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.ga4w = { data: {"cart":{"items":[],"coupons":[],"totals":{"currency_code":"EUR","total_price":0,"currency_minor_unit":2}}}, settings: {"tracker_function_name":"gtag","events":["purchase","add_to_cart","remove_from_cart","view_item_list","select_content","view_item","begin_checkout"],"identifier":null} }; document.dispatchEvent(new Event("ga4w:ready")); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wc-cart-fragments-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_cart_fragments_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/fr\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","cart_hash_key":"wc_cart_hash_2e83c3c2744bdc4482e964954d022e6c","fragment_name":"wc_fragments_2e83c3c2744bdc4482e964954d022e6c","request_timeout":"5000"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.istegroup.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/cart-fragments.min.js?ver=9.2.3" id="wc-cart-fragments-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript">  jQuery(document).ready(function($) { if (/iP(hone|od|ad)/.test(navigator.platform)) { jQuery("#mobile-toggle").css({ "cursor": "pointer" }); } }); /* jQuery(document).on("click", "#mobile-toggle", function() { if (jQuery('#main-menu').hasClass('active')) { jQuery('#main-menu').removeClass('active') } else { jQuery('#main-menu').addClass('active') } // jQuery('.menu-handheld-menu-container').toggle(); }); */ // jQuery(document).on("click", "#mobile-toggle", function() { // console.log('test456'); // if (jQuery(document).find('#main-menu').hasClass('active')) { // console.log('test'); // jQuery(document).find('#main-menu').removeClass('active') // } else { // console.log('test2'); // jQuery(document).find('#main-menu').addClass('active') // } // }); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Encyclopédie SCIENCES – ISTE Editions