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<div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ana menü" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ana menü</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ana menü</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gezinti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" title="Anasayfayı ziyaret et [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Anasayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-Hakkımızda" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Hakk%C4%B1nda"><span>Hakkımızda</span></a></li><li id="n-İçindekiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:G%C3%B6z_at"><span>İçindekiler</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Rastgele" title="Rastgele bir sayfaya gidin [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rastgele madde</span></a></li><li id="n-Seçkin-içerik" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Se%C3%A7kin_i%C3%A7erik"><span>Seçkin içerik</span></a></li><li id="n-Yakınımdakiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Yak%C4%B1n%C4%B1mdakiler"><span>Yakınımdakiler</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Katılım" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Katılım" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Katılım </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Deneme_tahtas%C4%B1"><span>Deneme tahtası</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:K%C3%B6y_%C3%A7e%C5%9Fmesi" title="Güncel olaylarla ilgili son bilgiler"><span>Köy çeşmesi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler" title="Vikide yapılmış son değişikliklerin listesi [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Y%C3%BCkle"><span>Dosya yükle</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Topluluk_portali" title="Proje hakkında, neler yapabilirsiniz, ne nerededir"><span>Topluluk portali</span></a></li><li id="n-shop-text" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//shop.wikimedia.org"><span>Wikimedia dükkânı</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Yardım almak için"><span>Yardım</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tr.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Özgür Ansiklopedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tr.svg" width="104" height="13" style="width: 6.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Ara" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" aria-label="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Özel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Kişisel araçlar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfanın yazı tipi boyutunun, genişliğinin ve renginin görünümünü değiştirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüm" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Görünüm</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Phoros" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Phoros" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kişisel araçlar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kişisel araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Kullanıcı menüsü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr"><span>Bağış yapın</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Phoros" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Phoros" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimoloji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimoloji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arka_plan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arka_plan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Arka plan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arka_plan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayrıca_bakınız"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ayrıca bakınız</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Phoros</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 10 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Форос - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Форос" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoros" title="Phoros - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phoros" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoros" title="Phoros - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Phoros" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoros" title="Phoros - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phoros" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoros" title="Phoros - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Phoros" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3)" title="Форос (налог) - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Форос (налог)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foros_(porez)" title="Foros (porez) - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Foros (porez)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Форос - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Форос" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="போரோஸ் - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போரோஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA)" title="Форос (податок) - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Форос (податок)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3381482#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Phoros" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Phoros&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma (sayfa mevcut değil) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyantını değiştir" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Türkçe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Phoros"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Araçlar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Phoros"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=history"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/Phoros" title="Bu sayfaya bağlantı vermiş tüm viki sayfalarının listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya bağlantılar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/Phoros" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan bağlantı verilen sayfalardaki son değişiklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>İlgili değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="Tüm özel sayfaların listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Özel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&oldid=34270086" title="Bu sayfanın bu revizyonuna kalıcı bağlantı"><span>Kalıcı bağlantı</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakkında daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&page=Phoros&id=34270086&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nasıl kaynak göstereceği hakkında bilgi"><span>Bu sayfayı kaynak göster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPhoros"><span>Kısaltılmış URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPhoros"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Phoros"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=Phoros&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Basılmaya uygun görünüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3381482" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foros (sayfa mevcut değil)">Foros</a> ile karıştırılmamalıdır.</i> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:St%C3%A8le_grecque1b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/St%C3%A8le_grecque1b.jpg/220px-St%C3%A8le_grecque1b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/St%C3%A8le_grecque1b.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="226" data-file-height="265" /></a><figcaption>MÖ 447 baharında kabul edilen, Delos Birliği üyelerinden haraç toplanmasına ilişkin bir Atina kararnamesi parçası.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Phoros</b> (<a href="/wiki/Grek%C3%A7e" title="Grekçe">Yunanca</a>: φόρος), <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">Antik Yunan</a>'da <a href="/wiki/Pers" class="mw-redirect" title="Pers">Pers</a> güçlerinden koruma sağlamak için oluşturulan <a href="/wiki/Attika-Delos_Deniz_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Attika-Delos Deniz Birliği">Delos Birliği</a> üyeleri tarafından, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="MÖ">MÖ</a> 447 baharında birlik üyelerinin ortak kabulüyle çıkarılan kararname kapsamında <a href="/wiki/Atina#Tarihçe" title="Atina">Atina</a>'ya ödenen üyelik aidatının adıydı. <a href="/wiki/Te%C3%A7hizat" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Teçhizat">Askeri teçhizat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Trireme" title="Trireme">triremler</a> gibi) veya parayla, çoğunlukla ikincisi ile ödenirdi. Sonuç olarak, savunma amacıyla Atina'ya büyük miktarda fon ödendi. Atina askeri güçlerini artırdı ve bunun sonucunda baskın ve zengin bir güç haline geldi. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimoloji">Etimoloji</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Etimoloji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Etimoloji"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phoros kelimesi, <a href="/wiki/Grek%C3%A7e" title="Grekçe">Antik Grek</a> dilinde <i>phérō</i>, “getirmek, taşımak” fiil kökünden türetilmiştir. Kelime anlamı "getirilen şey" anlamına gelmektedir. Kelime; <a href="/wiki/Vergi" title="Vergi">vergi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hara%C3%A7" title="Haraç">haraç</a>, aidat, harç anlamlarında kullanılmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arka_plan">Arka plan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Arka plan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Arka plan"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pers_sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pers savaşları">Pers Savaşları</a>'ndan sonra, MÖ 477 yılında kutsal <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a> adasında bir kongre düzenlendi. Adını bu adadan alan "Delos Birliği" karşılıklı savunma paktı olarak kuruldu.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Büyük bir çatışma yaşanmasa da, <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">Yunanistan</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Pers_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" class="mw-redirect" title="Pers İmparatorluğu">Pers</a> arasında <a href="/wiki/Diplomatik" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatik">diplomatik</a> hamleler ve karşı hamleler, tehditler ve özellikle iki gücün topraklarını ayıran sınır boyunca baskınlar gibi olaylarla noktalanan bir tür soğuk savaş vardı.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MÖ 447 yılında birlik üyelerinden phoros toplanmasına ilişkin bir Atina kararnamesi hayata geçirildi. <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>'e göre, ilk phoros <a href="/wiki/Salamis_Deniz_Muharebesi" title="Salamis Deniz Muharebesi">Salamis Muharebesi</a>'nden birkaç yıl sonra Aristeides tarafından belirlendi.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aristeides ilk kongreye başkanlık etmiş ve toplamda 460 <a href="/wiki/Talent_(a%C4%9F%C4%B1rl%C4%B1k)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talent (ağırlık)">talent</a> (12 ton gümüş, 12.760.000 <a href="/wiki/Drahmi" title="Drahmi">Drahmi</a>) olarak belirlemiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phoros sonraları birkaç kez artırıldı.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Birlik zirveye ulaştığında, üye sayısı yaklaşık 200'e çıktı ve Atina koruması karşılığında her biri <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9F" title="Gümüş">gümüş</a> <a href="/wiki/Talent" title="Talent">talent</a> cinsinden phoros öderken, <a href="/wiki/Sisam" title="Sisam">Samos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sak%C4%B1z_Adas%C4%B1" title="Sakız Adası">Sakız</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Midilli_(ada)" title="Midilli (ada)">Midilli</a> gibi daha güçlü üyeler haraç olarak <a href="/wiki/Sava%C5%9F_gemisi" title="Savaş gemisi">savaş gemileri</a> sağladı.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yıllık haraçların listesi <a href="/wiki/Atina_Akropolisi" title="Atina Akropolisi">Atina Akropolü</a>'nün <a href="/wiki/Mermer" title="Mermer">mermer</a> <a href="/wiki/Stel" title="Stel">stellerine</a> yazıtlar halinde kazıldı. Bu stellerden bazıları günümüze ulaşabilmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phoroslar altı coğrafi bölgeye göre belirlenmekteydi: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Kiklad_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Kiklad Adaları">Adalar</a> (Kiklad adaları)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yonya" title="İyonya">İyonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karya" title="Karya">Karya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trakya" title="Trakya">Trakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87anakkale_Bo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Çanakkale Boğazı">Hellespont</a> (Çanakkale Boğazı)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus" title="Pontus">Pontus</a> (Karadeniz)</li></ol> <p>Atinalılar tarafından <a href="/wiki/Peloponez_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Peloponez Savaşı">Peloponez Savaşı</a>'nı finanse etmek için iki ve üç katına çıkarıldığında, phoros bir itiraz ve çekişme kaynağı haline geldi.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MÖ 454 yılında, Delos Birliği hazinesi, Birliğin <a href="/wiki/Antik_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Antik Mısır">Mısır</a>'daki yenilgisinden sonra güvenli bir şekilde saklanmak üzere Atina'ya taşındı,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ancak bazı kaynaklar bunu Atinalıların birliğin <a href="/wiki/Maliye" title="Maliye">maliyesini</a> ele geçirmek için bir bahane olarak gösterdi.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phoros'un ödenmemesi, genellikle, şehir devletinden hoşnutsuzluk duyanların phoros'unu geri çekmesi nedeniyle Atina'nın askeri eylemiyle uğraşmak zorunda kalan Delos vakası gibi bazı uygulama önlemlerine yol açtı.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayrıca_bakınız"><span id="Ayr.C4.B1ca_bak.C4.B1n.C4.B1z"></span>Ayrıca bakınız</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ayrıca bakınız" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ayrıca bakınız"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attika-Delos_Deniz_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Attika-Delos Deniz Birliği">Attika-Delos Deniz Birliği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoros&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Özel</b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style></p><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112025521/https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/resolveform?type=exact&lookup=fo/ros&lang=greek">"Greek Dictionary Headword Search Results"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i>. 12 Kasım 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/resolveform?type=exact&lookup=fo/ros&lang=greek">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=Greek+Dictionary+Headword+Search+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Fresolveform%3Ftype%3Dexact%26lookup%3Dfo%2Fros%26lang%3Dgreek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Sacks, David; Murray, Oswyn; Brody, Lisa R. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofan0000sack_l8g9"><i>Encyclopedia of the ancient Greek world</i></a>. Rev. ed. New York: Facts On File. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-8160-5722-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-8160-5722-1">978-0-8160-5722-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+ancient+Greek+world&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=Rev.+ed&rft.pub=Facts+On+File&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5722-1&rft.aulast=Sacks&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Murray%2C+Oswyn&rft.au=Brody%2C+Lisa+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofan0000sack_l8g9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Eddy, Samuel K. (Ekim 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/366003">"The Cold War between Athens and Persia, ca. 448-412 B.C."</a> <i>Classical Philology</i> (İngilizce). <b>68</b> (4): 241-258. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/366003">10.1086/366003</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0009-837X">0009-837X</a>. 26 Şubat 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220226160807/https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/366003">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Cold+War+between+Athens+and+Persia%2C+ca.+448-412+B.C.&rft.pages=241-258&rft.date=1973-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F366003&rft.issn=0009-837X&rft.aulast=Eddy&rft.aufirst=Samuel+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.1086%2F366003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Sage, Michael (2002). <i>Warfare in Ancient Greece: A Sourcebook</i>. Oxon: Routledge. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <bdi><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0203439449" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/0203439449">0203439449</a></bdi>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215719/http://oyc.yale.edu/sites/default/files/08athenianempire_1.pdf">"The Athenian Empire"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 4 Mart 2016 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oyc.yale.edu/sites/default/files/08athenianempire_1.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Athenian+Empire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foyc.yale.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F08athenianempire_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Thuc.+1.96&fromdoc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0200">"Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War, Book 1, chapter 96"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i>. 24 Temmuz 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240724095342/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Thuc.+1.96&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=Thucydides%2C+The+Peloponnesian+War%2C+Book+1%2C+chapter+96&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DThuc.%2B1.96%26fromdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019145522/http://eogrenme.anadolu.edu.tr/eKitap/TAR109U.pdf">"Delos Deniz Birliği"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 19 Ekim 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eogrenme.anadolu.edu.tr/eKitap/TAR109U.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Delos+Deniz+Birli%C4%9Fi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feogrenme.anadolu.edu.tr%2FeKitap%2FTAR109U.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg024.perseus-eng1:25.2">"Plutarch, Aristides, chapter 25, section 2"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i>. 8 Ocak 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230108171358/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg024.perseus-eng1:25.2">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=Plutarch%2C+Aristides%2C+chapter+25%2C+section+2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3Durn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0007.tlg024.perseus-eng1%3A25.2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">W. Kendrick Pritchett. Delian Hazinesinin Transferi // <i>Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte</i> . Franz Steiner Verlag, Ocak 1969. s. 17-21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-10"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Buckley, Terry (2010). <i>Aspects of Greek history 750-323 BC: a source-based approach</i>. 2. ed. Londra: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-203-86021-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-203-86021-2">978-0-203-86021-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aspects+of+Greek+history+750-323+BC%3A+a+source-based+approach&rft.place=Londra&rft.series=2.+ed&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-203-86021-2&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=Terry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APhoros" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><p><b>Genel</b> </p><ul><li>Buckley, Terry (1996). <a href="//archive.org/details/aspectsgreekhist00buck_350" class="extiw" title="iarchive:aspectsgreekhist00buck 350">Aspects of Greek history, 750-323 BC: a source-based approach</a>. Routledge. sayfa <a href="//archive.org/details/aspectsgreekhist00buck_350/page/n199" class="extiw" title="iarchive:aspectsgreekhist00buck 350/page/n199">189</a>–199 Chapter 10. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780415099578" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-09957-8</a>.</li> <li>Powell, Anton (2001). <a href="//archive.org/details/athensspartacons00powe" class="extiw" title="iarchive:athensspartacons00powe">Athens and Sparta: constructing Greek political and social history from 478 BC</a>. Routledge. <a href="//archive.org/details/athensspartacons00powe/page/n29" class="extiw" title="iarchive:athensspartacons00powe/page/n29">sayfa 13</a>–57 Chapter 1. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780415262804" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-26280-4</a>.</li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phoros&oldid=34270086">https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phoros&oldid=34270086</a>" sayfasından alınmıştır</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Kategoriler" title="Özel:Kategoriler">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Delos_Birli%C4%9Fi_%C3%9Cyeleri" title="Kategori:Delos Birliği Üyeleri">Delos Birliği Üyeleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Antik_Atina%27da_vergilendirme" title="Kategori:Antik Atina'da vergilendirme">Antik Atina'da vergilendirme</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Antik_Yunanistan" title="Kategori:Antik Yunanistan">Antik Yunanistan</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Gizli kategori: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:ISBN_sihirli_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1s%C4%B1n%C4%B1_kullanan_sayfalar" title="Kategori:ISBN sihirli bağlantısını kullanan sayfalar">ISBN sihirli bağlantısını kullanan sayfalar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sayfa en son 02.21, 23 Kasım 2024 tarihinde değiştirildi.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Metin <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tr">Creative Commons Atıf-AynıLisanslaPaylaş Lisansı</a> altındadır ve ek koşullar uygulanabilir. 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