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style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1850s/">1850s</a><a class="date-selector decade exact selected" style="cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #09396922;color:#093969;background-color:#3576b322;border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1860s/">1860s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1870s/">1870s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1880s/">1880s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 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href="/archive/issues/1980s/">1980s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1990s/">1990s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2000s/">2000s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2010s/">2010s</a><a class="date-selector decade" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2020s/">2020s</a></div><div class="years" 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href="/archive/issues/1995/">1995</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1996/">1996</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1997/">1997</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1998/">1998</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/1999/">1999</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2000/">2000</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2001/">2001</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2002/">2002</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2003/">2003</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2004/">2004</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2005/">2005</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2006/">2006</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2007/">2007</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2008/">2008</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2009/">2009</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2010/">2010</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2011/">2011</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2012/">2012</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2013/">2013</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2014/">2014</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2015/">2015</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2016/">2016</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2017/">2017</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2018/">2018</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2019/">2019</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2020/">2020</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2021/">2021</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2022/">2022</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2023/">2023</a><a class="date-selector" style="cursor:pointer;border:none;color:var(--color-black);border-radius:0.5rem;padding:0.25rem 0.5rem;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none" href="/archive/issues/2024/">2024</a></div></div></div><div class="issue__list-8JHD2"><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/12-25/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/880C2FE2-C92D-47D5-81D83E366DD98670_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/880C2FE2-C92D-47D5-81D83E366DD98670_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/880C2FE2-C92D-47D5-81D83E366DD98670_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-12-25">December 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/12-18/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/423FECB2-69D6-4AC5-86F14871306CD417_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 25" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/423FECB2-69D6-4AC5-86F14871306CD417_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/423FECB2-69D6-4AC5-86F14871306CD417_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-12-18">December 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/12-11/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3612D8BD-2D64-4745-8B0E927EB4EF54F3_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 24" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3612D8BD-2D64-4745-8B0E927EB4EF54F3_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3612D8BD-2D64-4745-8B0E927EB4EF54F3_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-12-11">December 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/12-04/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/27754098-92B5-4C4D-AA7A9AEEA9E3AAE5_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 23" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/27754098-92B5-4C4D-AA7A9AEEA9E3AAE5_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/27754098-92B5-4C4D-AA7A9AEEA9E3AAE5_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-12-04">December 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/11-27/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/10D20D3C-7825-4E44-888432B58F1C5A37_source.gif?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 22" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/10D20D3C-7825-4E44-888432B58F1C5A37_source.gif?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/10D20D3C-7825-4E44-888432B58F1C5A37_source.gif?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-11-27">November 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/11-20/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4E804160-AB07-4668-8BE0C1DB0FFD6C7C_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 21" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4E804160-AB07-4668-8BE0C1DB0FFD6C7C_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4E804160-AB07-4668-8BE0C1DB0FFD6C7C_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-11-20">November 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/11-13/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EE80AA2A-779C-41EF-AF3C2C6353469B65_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EE80AA2A-779C-41EF-AF3C2C6353469B65_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EE80AA2A-779C-41EF-AF3C2C6353469B65_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-11-13">November 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/11-06/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/04CAE403-341A-40E2-9F75773A0571F6D8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 19" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/04CAE403-341A-40E2-9F75773A0571F6D8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/04CAE403-341A-40E2-9F75773A0571F6D8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-11-06">November 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/10-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3D44C44A-442B-427D-953942EE9C515CD0_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 18" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3D44C44A-442B-427D-953942EE9C515CD0_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3D44C44A-442B-427D-953942EE9C515CD0_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-10-30">October 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/10-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/34008B39-37E3-48D0-97CAC47081E35B04_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/34008B39-37E3-48D0-97CAC47081E35B04_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/34008B39-37E3-48D0-97CAC47081E35B04_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-10-23">October 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/10-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/13F68073-A9AD-41E8-A3C814D50F5933AF_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 16" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/13F68073-A9AD-41E8-A3C814D50F5933AF_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/13F68073-A9AD-41E8-A3C814D50F5933AF_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-10-16">October 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/10-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0F93ECA8-0B85-4337-AF57446C73B99CA8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0F93ECA8-0B85-4337-AF57446C73B99CA8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0F93ECA8-0B85-4337-AF57446C73B99CA8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-10-09">October 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/10-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/51BAFE30-62D6-4E74-B254E8C67641116A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 21 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/51BAFE30-62D6-4E74-B254E8C67641116A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/51BAFE30-62D6-4E74-B254E8C67641116A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-10-02">October 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/09-25/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-04-17">April 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/04-10/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EB60FA5B-B4A8-4EAE-B7F6454C95D0F117_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 20 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EB60FA5B-B4A8-4EAE-B7F6454C95D0F117_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EB60FA5B-B4A8-4EAE-B7F6454C95D0F117_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-04-10">April 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/04-03/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/90087E50-C618-44C3-AD208A188C89EB83_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 20 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/90087E50-C618-44C3-AD208A188C89EB83_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/90087E50-C618-44C3-AD208A188C89EB83_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-04-03">April 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-02-20">February 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/02-06/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/95C1497D-AD0F-4F00-B5FDD0476015AC07_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 20 Issue 6" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/95C1497D-AD0F-4F00-B5FDD0476015AC07_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/95C1497D-AD0F-4F00-B5FDD0476015AC07_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-02-06">February 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1869/01-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/014E66A7-6DBF-4DA6-A9B266E57C68CD56_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 20 Issue 5" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/014E66A7-6DBF-4DA6-A9B266E57C68CD56_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/014E66A7-6DBF-4DA6-A9B266E57C68CD56_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-01-30">January 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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Magazine Vol 20 Issue 1" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCCCDD40-8B60-4A2B-A89720864DB33372_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCCCDD40-8B60-4A2B-A89720864DB33372_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1869-01-01">January 1869</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/12-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0355A5CD-ED05-4E34-9EE32E3C72167C59_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0355A5CD-ED05-4E34-9EE32E3C72167C59_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-12-16">December 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/12-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DE8AF959-815B-456B-83AE68B289B5F1EB_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 24" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DE8AF959-815B-456B-83AE68B289B5F1EB_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DE8AF959-815B-456B-83AE68B289B5F1EB_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-12-09">December 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/12-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0EF97A79-F0D6-4AC9-86453740D329925C_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 23" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0EF97A79-F0D6-4AC9-86453740D329925C_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0EF97A79-F0D6-4AC9-86453740D329925C_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-12-02">December 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BE493C54-9EBF-4CB7-B0A544D9E31C90E0_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BE493C54-9EBF-4CB7-B0A544D9E31C90E0_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-10-28">October 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/10-21/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E47C180B-7658-45CC-A6CF1DA9709E8074_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E47C180B-7658-45CC-A6CF1DA9709E8074_source.jpg?w=300 300w, 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loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-10-14">October 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/10-07/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/429E888C-1663-4A86-90E9055FFA0B3D87_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/429E888C-1663-4A86-90E9055FFA0B3D87_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/429E888C-1663-4A86-90E9055FFA0B3D87_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-10-07">October 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/09-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4AAA3B91-4A70-4592-A35D9518EFEC18D6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4AAA3B91-4A70-4592-A35D9518EFEC18D6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4AAA3B91-4A70-4592-A35D9518EFEC18D6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-09-30">September 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/09-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FB4D42D6-8C5E-4FBC-965C44E224F99DD4_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 13" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FB4D42D6-8C5E-4FBC-965C44E224F99DD4_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FB4D42D6-8C5E-4FBC-965C44E224F99DD4_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-09-23">September 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/09-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/408118C5-FC7E-40D3-9D8808BC03A5D7FC_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 12" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/408118C5-FC7E-40D3-9D8808BC03A5D7FC_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/408118C5-FC7E-40D3-9D8808BC03A5D7FC_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-09-16">September 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/09-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/88916134-B543-4258-A95D9B3952B494D8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 11" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/88916134-B543-4258-A95D9B3952B494D8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/88916134-B543-4258-A95D9B3952B494D8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-09-09">September 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/09-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3E22EE3D-861E-4A81-ADB29387E40FA8BE_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 10" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3E22EE3D-861E-4A81-ADB29387E40FA8BE_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3E22EE3D-861E-4A81-ADB29387E40FA8BE_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-09-02">September 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/08-26/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4A5ACFAC-0EE0-4905-B3389DCAE37C3DD8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 9" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4A5ACFAC-0EE0-4905-B3389DCAE37C3DD8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4A5ACFAC-0EE0-4905-B3389DCAE37C3DD8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-08-26">August 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/08-19/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1C5A44A8-E961-471B-AB3EDA1A8B93D5C8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 8" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1C5A44A8-E961-471B-AB3EDA1A8B93D5C8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1C5A44A8-E961-471B-AB3EDA1A8B93D5C8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-08-19">August 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/08-12/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/17610BF6-0D59-456F-B1721A9A412BBC68_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 7" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/17610BF6-0D59-456F-B1721A9A412BBC68_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/17610BF6-0D59-456F-B1721A9A412BBC68_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-08-12">August 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/08-05/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CE1B54E5-650E-436E-9ABC15167570A2F4_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 6" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CE1B54E5-650E-436E-9ABC15167570A2F4_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CE1B54E5-650E-436E-9ABC15167570A2F4_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-08-05">August 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/07-29/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9F3D9A1F-58CE-4838-B9F8A378177F09B5_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 5" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9F3D9A1F-58CE-4838-B9F8A378177F09B5_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9F3D9A1F-58CE-4838-B9F8A378177F09B5_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-07-29">July 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/07-22/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/79886D46-58E0-46EB-99E568774398649E_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 4" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/79886D46-58E0-46EB-99E568774398649E_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/79886D46-58E0-46EB-99E568774398649E_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-07-22">July 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/07-15/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0025C422-A0DB-479E-8494C319A84EF6C8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 3" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0025C422-A0DB-479E-8494C319A84EF6C8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0025C422-A0DB-479E-8494C319A84EF6C8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-07-15">July 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/07-08/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5ADCBB00-6BDD-4D67-AF4D302D5511C2EF_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 2" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5ADCBB00-6BDD-4D67-AF4D302D5511C2EF_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5ADCBB00-6BDD-4D67-AF4D302D5511C2EF_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-07-08">July 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/07-01/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/07AB7996-6D9A-41AA-93D082A7D5141CEC_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 19 Issue 1" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/07AB7996-6D9A-41AA-93D082A7D5141CEC_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/07AB7996-6D9A-41AA-93D082A7D5141CEC_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-07-01">July 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/06-27/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8D861B5F-BA3E-42A3-BEA50474F676C8E6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8D861B5F-BA3E-42A3-BEA50474F676C8E6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8D861B5F-BA3E-42A3-BEA50474F676C8E6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-06-27">June 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/06-20/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AC76ABEC-80DE-4DE2-931618DBDA5314A9_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 25" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AC76ABEC-80DE-4DE2-931618DBDA5314A9_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AC76ABEC-80DE-4DE2-931618DBDA5314A9_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-06-20">June 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/06-13/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBF07A27-3C13-43C5-96E293698725DF06_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 24" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBF07A27-3C13-43C5-96E293698725DF06_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBF07A27-3C13-43C5-96E293698725DF06_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-06-13">June 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/06-06/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E58DDBE9-EA35-458F-A0FCE28DBDADAA26_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 23" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E58DDBE9-EA35-458F-A0FCE28DBDADAA26_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E58DDBE9-EA35-458F-A0FCE28DBDADAA26_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-06-06">June 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/05-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/106D719B-A906-4B60-98E7EC6D30AE75DE_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 22" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/106D719B-A906-4B60-98E7EC6D30AE75DE_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/106D719B-A906-4B60-98E7EC6D30AE75DE_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-05-30">May 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/05-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBE0D384-539D-465D-83AED98996FCA24D_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 21" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBE0D384-539D-465D-83AED98996FCA24D_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBE0D384-539D-465D-83AED98996FCA24D_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-05-23">May 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/05-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" 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Magazine Vol 18 Issue 19" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7B28B5A2-E503-45F3-9002E092CD4E5C20_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7B28B5A2-E503-45F3-9002E092CD4E5C20_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-05-09">May 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/05-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C06FB34D-B973-479D-9969CF3FAA056202_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 18" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C06FB34D-B973-479D-9969CF3FAA056202_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-04-25">April 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/04-18/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/615DAF33-6BF9-4871-A3637C2BB6F77545_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 16" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/615DAF33-6BF9-4871-A3637C2BB6F77545_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/615DAF33-6BF9-4871-A3637C2BB6F77545_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-04-18">April 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/04-11/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/91431688-7271-47FF-918787EB54E79E89_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/91431688-7271-47FF-918787EB54E79E89_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/91431688-7271-47FF-918787EB54E79E89_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-04-11">April 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/04-04/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BC81F655-8203-4DD6-8F9A1FB32B4E5AF7_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BC81F655-8203-4DD6-8F9A1FB32B4E5AF7_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BC81F655-8203-4DD6-8F9A1FB32B4E5AF7_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-04-04">April 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/03-28/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img 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src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/865CF948-0219-4CAB-A1B75DCB9644F224_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 12" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/865CF948-0219-4CAB-A1B75DCB9644F224_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/865CF948-0219-4CAB-A1B75DCB9644F224_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-03-21">March 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/03-14/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FB2DF8A6-0E71-4208-803EDBADDF9CD826_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 11" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FB2DF8A6-0E71-4208-803EDBADDF9CD826_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FB2DF8A6-0E71-4208-803EDBADDF9CD826_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-03-14">March 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/03-07/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/93E1B3FC-5368-41AD-A81522B9959BB61E_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 10" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/93E1B3FC-5368-41AD-A81522B9959BB61E_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-02-29">February 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/02-22/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B01400CA-157E-4862-BBE6872C08E7A5E7_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 8" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B01400CA-157E-4862-BBE6872C08E7A5E7_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B01400CA-157E-4862-BBE6872C08E7A5E7_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-02-22">February 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/02-15/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1E14AF0C-0EB5-4DE0-AF5B4B142742BAA9_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 7" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1E14AF0C-0EB5-4DE0-AF5B4B142742BAA9_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1E14AF0C-0EB5-4DE0-AF5B4B142742BAA9_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-02-15">February 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/02-08/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/60E696B7-1B2A-4159-A7277B9CFB221B88_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 6" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/60E696B7-1B2A-4159-A7277B9CFB221B88_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/60E696B7-1B2A-4159-A7277B9CFB221B88_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-02-08">February 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/02-01/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AA8CD7E0-91AF-4CFE-80B371C6A24AAFF8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 5" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AA8CD7E0-91AF-4CFE-80B371C6A24AAFF8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AA8CD7E0-91AF-4CFE-80B371C6A24AAFF8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-02-01">February 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/01-25/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E218BDA1-558E-47C0-8BE99B6DF8431833_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 4" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E218BDA1-558E-47C0-8BE99B6DF8431833_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E218BDA1-558E-47C0-8BE99B6DF8431833_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-01-25">January 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/01-18/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FD8DC4A9-9A7A-4749-9036E90650E910C6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 3" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FD8DC4A9-9A7A-4749-9036E90650E910C6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FD8DC4A9-9A7A-4749-9036E90650E910C6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-01-18">January 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1868/01-11/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8AF0E7A4-155F-45BC-8CAD48EE7BD5A355_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 18 Issue 2" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8AF0E7A4-155F-45BC-8CAD48EE7BD5A355_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1868-01-04">January 1868</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/12-28/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/548DC6D1-65BA-46DD-A270EC781C3080AD_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/548DC6D1-65BA-46DD-A270EC781C3080AD_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/548DC6D1-65BA-46DD-A270EC781C3080AD_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-12-28">December 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/12-21/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D486B8FB-6360-4AAA-BFCF6A697615C18A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 25" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D486B8FB-6360-4AAA-BFCF6A697615C18A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D486B8FB-6360-4AAA-BFCF6A697615C18A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-12-21">December 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/12-14/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0ABDE8A1-9412-498F-A0B63E8F32CDA4A2_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 24" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0ABDE8A1-9412-498F-A0B63E8F32CDA4A2_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0ABDE8A1-9412-498F-A0B63E8F32CDA4A2_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-12-14">December 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/12-07/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D1896121-68F6-4C1E-A58DFF440E573A99_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 23" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D1896121-68F6-4C1E-A58DFF440E573A99_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D1896121-68F6-4C1E-A58DFF440E573A99_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-12-07">December 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/11-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C4698A46-577F-42D3-BE1FA8A7FE624780_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 22" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C4698A46-577F-42D3-BE1FA8A7FE624780_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C4698A46-577F-42D3-BE1FA8A7FE624780_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-11-30">November 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/11-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E1CCEEA4-82B3-4CAD-A2D0665E2EC0D94D_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 21" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E1CCEEA4-82B3-4CAD-A2D0665E2EC0D94D_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E1CCEEA4-82B3-4CAD-A2D0665E2EC0D94D_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-11-23">November 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/11-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/78F85C3A-AA3C-42C2-99FC3F37DE82763E_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/78F85C3A-AA3C-42C2-99FC3F37DE82763E_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/78F85C3A-AA3C-42C2-99FC3F37DE82763E_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-11-16">November 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/11-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EBFB2C22-83D5-4F01-9F647A19B9994703_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 19" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EBFB2C22-83D5-4F01-9F647A19B9994703_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EBFB2C22-83D5-4F01-9F647A19B9994703_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-11-09">November 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/11-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5B502E63-B989-49CA-83B8BA8FBC3AC7F7_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 18" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5B502E63-B989-49CA-83B8BA8FBC3AC7F7_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5B502E63-B989-49CA-83B8BA8FBC3AC7F7_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-11-02">November 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/10-26/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BB8F7232-ADE1-4EA9-BD11DE31D1C0C2F4_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BB8F7232-ADE1-4EA9-BD11DE31D1C0C2F4_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BB8F7232-ADE1-4EA9-BD11DE31D1C0C2F4_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-10-26">October 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/10-19/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CA376E7C-6E48-436A-AE08EF1BFFEE93BF_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 16" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CA376E7C-6E48-436A-AE08EF1BFFEE93BF_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CA376E7C-6E48-436A-AE08EF1BFFEE93BF_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-10-19">October 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/10-12/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7234FA40-A7A1-4668-A593E7C084679F59_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7234FA40-A7A1-4668-A593E7C084679F59_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7234FA40-A7A1-4668-A593E7C084679F59_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-10-12">October 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/10-05/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CA0D4300-F69B-46A5-BCCA2D8FCB40A542_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CA0D4300-F69B-46A5-BCCA2D8FCB40A542_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CA0D4300-F69B-46A5-BCCA2D8FCB40A542_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-10-05">October 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/09-28/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/532CA9A9-90F8-4AEC-9298840832396112_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 13" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/532CA9A9-90F8-4AEC-9298840832396112_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/532CA9A9-90F8-4AEC-9298840832396112_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-09-28">September 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/09-21/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6FD15175-ED3F-4076-B5A63371EEE921A6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 12" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6FD15175-ED3F-4076-B5A63371EEE921A6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6FD15175-ED3F-4076-B5A63371EEE921A6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-09-21">September 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/09-14/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/12608379-2761-470B-999F8B4D2FB56878_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 11" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/12608379-2761-470B-999F8B4D2FB56878_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/12608379-2761-470B-999F8B4D2FB56878_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-09-14">September 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/09-07/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6E5DFCAF-5EC7-4543-8E0E606D694AFF64_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 10" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6E5DFCAF-5EC7-4543-8E0E606D694AFF64_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6E5DFCAF-5EC7-4543-8E0E606D694AFF64_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-09-07">September 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/08-31/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7B49D7C8-D1E3-43F7-91A8169541C8888C_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 9" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7B49D7C8-D1E3-43F7-91A8169541C8888C_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7B49D7C8-D1E3-43F7-91A8169541C8888C_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-08-31">August 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/08-24/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/35658345-8C20-4E2D-A8DC19DA2C7242CA_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 8" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/35658345-8C20-4E2D-A8DC19DA2C7242CA_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/35658345-8C20-4E2D-A8DC19DA2C7242CA_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-08-24">August 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/08-17/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FE763951-03DD-4367-A35F6E1440C2E57B_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 7" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FE763951-03DD-4367-A35F6E1440C2E57B_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FE763951-03DD-4367-A35F6E1440C2E57B_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-08-17">August 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/08-10/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DF858C95-169D-40F5-BB9A1033072F269A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 6" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DF858C95-169D-40F5-BB9A1033072F269A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DF858C95-169D-40F5-BB9A1033072F269A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-08-10">August 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/08-03/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/2C1939E6-D8C4-4542-B83DB0B17D522C4C_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 5" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/2C1939E6-D8C4-4542-B83DB0B17D522C4C_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/2C1939E6-D8C4-4542-B83DB0B17D522C4C_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-08-03">August 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/07-27/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9B63F3EF-5A57-4755-8AEC84171264B99A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 4" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9B63F3EF-5A57-4755-8AEC84171264B99A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9B63F3EF-5A57-4755-8AEC84171264B99A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-07-27">July 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/07-20/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B155AA3B-7C2E-4750-BD875372E49A26B2_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 3" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B155AA3B-7C2E-4750-BD875372E49A26B2_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B155AA3B-7C2E-4750-BD875372E49A26B2_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-07-20">July 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/07-13/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/37B3524F-C624-45FA-ADA165084F0B81F7_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 2" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/37B3524F-C624-45FA-ADA165084F0B81F7_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/37B3524F-C624-45FA-ADA165084F0B81F7_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-07-13">July 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/07-06/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4FBDBF8B-22B1-43B6-B4EB9689E9A59057_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 17 Issue 1" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4FBDBF8B-22B1-43B6-B4EB9689E9A59057_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4FBDBF8B-22B1-43B6-B4EB9689E9A59057_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-07-06">July 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/06-15/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/87080545-B78F-4411-90F7154201ED55B8_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 24" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/87080545-B78F-4411-90F7154201ED55B8_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/87080545-B78F-4411-90F7154201ED55B8_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-06-15">June 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/06-08/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7F6D2CD1-4BB7-4F8D-A823B7E44AEB27AD_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 23" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7F6D2CD1-4BB7-4F8D-A823B7E44AEB27AD_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7F6D2CD1-4BB7-4F8D-A823B7E44AEB27AD_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-06-08">June 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/06-01/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7C299A7C-2CD3-44A8-8B77A6D0E78C2F2B_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 22" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7C299A7C-2CD3-44A8-8B77A6D0E78C2F2B_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7C299A7C-2CD3-44A8-8B77A6D0E78C2F2B_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-06-01">June 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/05-25/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1B97F71F-CA4A-4A7E-9E5D32B1897F6D24_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 21" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1B97F71F-CA4A-4A7E-9E5D32B1897F6D24_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1B97F71F-CA4A-4A7E-9E5D32B1897F6D24_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-05-25">May 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/05-18/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DF31CD92-2C05-4128-AB1844200B5B1D66_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DF31CD92-2C05-4128-AB1844200B5B1D66_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DF31CD92-2C05-4128-AB1844200B5B1D66_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-05-18">May 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/05-11/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AFB3C64E-CBA1-4445-8C839CF5D092C6CD_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 19" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AFB3C64E-CBA1-4445-8C839CF5D092C6CD_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AFB3C64E-CBA1-4445-8C839CF5D092C6CD_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-05-11">May 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/05-04/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/91A7B416-2C49-4F81-A369EA4402EB65B3_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 18" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/91A7B416-2C49-4F81-A369EA4402EB65B3_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/91A7B416-2C49-4F81-A369EA4402EB65B3_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-05-04">May 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/04-27/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4A70944A-94C4-4296-9F4667F30BD74140_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4A70944A-94C4-4296-9F4667F30BD74140_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4A70944A-94C4-4296-9F4667F30BD74140_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-04-27">April 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/04-20/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6B85E4DB-204A-4A9F-B7A9A82B7FF39AF3_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 16" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6B85E4DB-204A-4A9F-B7A9A82B7FF39AF3_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/6B85E4DB-204A-4A9F-B7A9A82B7FF39AF3_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-04-20">April 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/04-13/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7D3701A9-5997-4820-8F9371FCAB7CD20C_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7D3701A9-5997-4820-8F9371FCAB7CD20C_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7D3701A9-5997-4820-8F9371FCAB7CD20C_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-04-13">April 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/04-06/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/24CB1A74-D372-41E9-B1415ED1D0B334D2_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/24CB1A74-D372-41E9-B1415ED1D0B334D2_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/24CB1A74-D372-41E9-B1415ED1D0B334D2_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-04-06">April 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/03-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BC19BB66-3508-43FE-A42DB5CB74D63BC9_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 13" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BC19BB66-3508-43FE-A42DB5CB74D63BC9_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/BC19BB66-3508-43FE-A42DB5CB74D63BC9_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-03-30">March 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/03-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B05E491E-93EA-45C7-909BB70CF66A2F9C_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 12" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B05E491E-93EA-45C7-909BB70CF66A2F9C_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B05E491E-93EA-45C7-909BB70CF66A2F9C_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-03-23">March 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/03-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D808382E-F683-4D58-A4FBD609724A483F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 11" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D808382E-F683-4D58-A4FBD609724A483F_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D808382E-F683-4D58-A4FBD609724A483F_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-03-16">March 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/03-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3A96E8A1-DB81-4C25-868DEC86A26D7314_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 10" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3A96E8A1-DB81-4C25-868DEC86A26D7314_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3A96E8A1-DB81-4C25-868DEC86A26D7314_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-03-09">March 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/03-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCE52CC0-378B-4E66-BF4083AF28F43639_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 9" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCE52CC0-378B-4E66-BF4083AF28F43639_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCE52CC0-378B-4E66-BF4083AF28F43639_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-03-02">March 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/02-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/823B8616-407F-489F-B86706B4948E44A1_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 8" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/823B8616-407F-489F-B86706B4948E44A1_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/823B8616-407F-489F-B86706B4948E44A1_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-02-23">February 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/02-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C6910769-E475-4B4A-8AF7B6759E199C8F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 7" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C6910769-E475-4B4A-8AF7B6759E199C8F_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C6910769-E475-4B4A-8AF7B6759E199C8F_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-02-16">February 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/02-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D3B42A61-E63F-4E8E-B2A94D7338689CA7_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 6" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D3B42A61-E63F-4E8E-B2A94D7338689CA7_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D3B42A61-E63F-4E8E-B2A94D7338689CA7_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-02-09">February 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/02-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9CD4F650-C508-44DD-92C50EDF61C36FFF_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 5" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9CD4F650-C508-44DD-92C50EDF61C36FFF_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9CD4F650-C508-44DD-92C50EDF61C36FFF_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-02-02">February 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/01-26/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1A677B89-2982-4689-941D28515DFA463D_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 4" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1A677B89-2982-4689-941D28515DFA463D_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1A677B89-2982-4689-941D28515DFA463D_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-01-26">January 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/01-19/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/F07AC64F-4E04-4F56-8B95B1987B1956ED_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 3" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/F07AC64F-4E04-4F56-8B95B1987B1956ED_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/F07AC64F-4E04-4F56-8B95B1987B1956ED_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-01-19">January 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1867/01-12/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7F787F98-936E-485D-93E8623EBF3BA1EC_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 16 Issue 2" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7F787F98-936E-485D-93E8623EBF3BA1EC_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1867-01-05">January 1867</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/12-22/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AA6DCAD3-AABB-43DF-A4568575BF47EE2E_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AA6DCAD3-AABB-43DF-A4568575BF47EE2E_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AA6DCAD3-AABB-43DF-A4568575BF47EE2E_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-12-22">December 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/12-15/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4D631DB0-495F-4260-B047956E70756F86_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 25" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4D631DB0-495F-4260-B047956E70756F86_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4D631DB0-495F-4260-B047956E70756F86_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-12-15">December 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/12-08/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/78F21A62-67ED-48E3-8F4B210B33DE2025_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 24" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/78F21A62-67ED-48E3-8F4B210B33DE2025_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/78F21A62-67ED-48E3-8F4B210B33DE2025_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-12-08">December 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/12-01/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/59D4727C-7332-40BA-8A3F2A5C7985CF2E_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 23" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/59D4727C-7332-40BA-8A3F2A5C7985CF2E_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/59D4727C-7332-40BA-8A3F2A5C7985CF2E_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-12-01">December 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/11-24/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/85D9B18B-3019-4CC1-B25BB58AA7966219_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 22" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/85D9B18B-3019-4CC1-B25BB58AA7966219_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/85D9B18B-3019-4CC1-B25BB58AA7966219_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-11-24">November 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/11-17/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7617EF33-61A6-45B3-83A52C8B8480F18F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 21" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7617EF33-61A6-45B3-83A52C8B8480F18F_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7617EF33-61A6-45B3-83A52C8B8480F18F_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-11-17">November 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/11-10/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C0F6FEBB-744F-47B0-AA49F3B99826E3A2_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C0F6FEBB-744F-47B0-AA49F3B99826E3A2_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/C0F6FEBB-744F-47B0-AA49F3B99826E3A2_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-11-10">November 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/11-03/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7A7AA158-E2C4-4B14-A843C8F7E08ED8DF_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 19" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7A7AA158-E2C4-4B14-A843C8F7E08ED8DF_source.jpg?w=300 300w, 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loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-10-27">October 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/10-20/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/851086E9-255F-4A05-A7A2788728319DEB_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/851086E9-255F-4A05-A7A2788728319DEB_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/851086E9-255F-4A05-A7A2788728319DEB_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-10-20">October 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/10-13/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0933BD6B-15F8-47D4-BA50C75EB49E7155_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 16" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0933BD6B-15F8-47D4-BA50C75EB49E7155_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0933BD6B-15F8-47D4-BA50C75EB49E7155_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-10-13">October 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/10-06/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D71410A6-48DA-41A6-B0F6578F07E8CB43_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D71410A6-48DA-41A6-B0F6578F07E8CB43_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D71410A6-48DA-41A6-B0F6578F07E8CB43_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-10-06">October 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/09-29/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7E7D6CF3-F72E-4AEA-882E6E20FDC7D20A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7E7D6CF3-F72E-4AEA-882E6E20FDC7D20A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/7E7D6CF3-F72E-4AEA-882E6E20FDC7D20A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-09-29">September 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/09-22/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1B987542-C353-4AB3-95D431528A40387F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 13" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1B987542-C353-4AB3-95D431528A40387F_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1B987542-C353-4AB3-95D431528A40387F_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-09-22">September 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/09-15/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/176D7BC1-CABD-49DF-A08D653403BBBC2F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 12" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/176D7BC1-CABD-49DF-A08D653403BBBC2F_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/176D7BC1-CABD-49DF-A08D653403BBBC2F_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-09-15">September 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/09-08/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B6FFB62C-533F-40CD-8B029F95A6F80165_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 11" 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loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-08-25">August 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/08-18/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBCB9556-3F7F-479C-A027437F57B3B3C1_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 8" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBCB9556-3F7F-479C-A027437F57B3B3C1_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/DBCB9556-3F7F-479C-A027437F57B3B3C1_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-08-18">August 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/08-11/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/357C88FF-AA7C-49A6-89F0CFABAB41581B_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 15 Issue 7" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/357C88FF-AA7C-49A6-89F0CFABAB41581B_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/357C88FF-AA7C-49A6-89F0CFABAB41581B_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-08-11">August 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-06-30">June 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/06-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AC62ECEB-F4E1-40A6-8B5183127B7CFFDB_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AC62ECEB-F4E1-40A6-8B5183127B7CFFDB_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/AC62ECEB-F4E1-40A6-8B5183127B7CFFDB_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-06-23">June 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/06-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3DA43B35-FCD1-415A-BA433A2396580512_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 25" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3DA43B35-FCD1-415A-BA433A2396580512_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3DA43B35-FCD1-415A-BA433A2396580512_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-06-16">June 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCCE3673-DD09-41E9-85875A0444BDDD10_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 22" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCCE3673-DD09-41E9-85875A0444BDDD10_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/FCCE3673-DD09-41E9-85875A0444BDDD10_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-05-26">May 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/05-19/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5D60AD53-6579-4BDD-BA4802D34E949284_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 21" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5D60AD53-6579-4BDD-BA4802D34E949284_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5D60AD53-6579-4BDD-BA4802D34E949284_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-05-19">May 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/05-12/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9CB43189-4F73-437D-AB894C476CCB5591_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9CB43189-4F73-437D-AB894C476CCB5591_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-05-05">May 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/04-28/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5FDD0062-DE9D-4C91-AF1760A3DD42F3A6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 18" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5FDD0062-DE9D-4C91-AF1760A3DD42F3A6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5FDD0062-DE9D-4C91-AF1760A3DD42F3A6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-04-28">April 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/04-21/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/15CFA246-B8CE-48A0-9AAD2B8A2E5B8FB2_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/15CFA246-B8CE-48A0-9AAD2B8A2E5B8FB2_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/15CFA246-B8CE-48A0-9AAD2B8A2E5B8FB2_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-04-21">April 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-03-10">March 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/03-03/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/662589B3-65F9-4E2C-9CE43530204E10FE_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 10" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/662589B3-65F9-4E2C-9CE43530204E10FE_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/662589B3-65F9-4E2C-9CE43530204E10FE_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-03-03">March 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/02-24/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EF7B41FA-EFD7-4C8D-B3E77EF610A3A946_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 9" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EF7B41FA-EFD7-4C8D-B3E77EF610A3A946_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EF7B41FA-EFD7-4C8D-B3E77EF610A3A946_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-02-24">February 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-01-13">January 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/01-07/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CEBEF5A5-27C4-4A0C-AD7EF87E9A741836_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 2" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CEBEF5A5-27C4-4A0C-AD7EF87E9A741836_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CEBEF5A5-27C4-4A0C-AD7EF87E9A741836_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-01-07">January 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1866/01-01/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E15B2A3B-6176-4240-B2A8E86EBFC66007_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 14 Issue 1" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E15B2A3B-6176-4240-B2A8E86EBFC66007_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/E15B2A3B-6176-4240-B2A8E86EBFC66007_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1866-01-01">January 1866</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/12-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1839038C-37A0-48E8-9DCF9D0B1F145EFA_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1839038C-37A0-48E8-9DCF9D0B1F145EFA_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/1839038C-37A0-48E8-9DCF9D0B1F145EFA_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-12-23">December 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/12-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img 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https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8F57318F-3F1B-4778-BEA1E726EB349EE0_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-11-18">November 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/11-11/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0394E9EF-1180-4E0C-88C427C73AD459EA_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0394E9EF-1180-4E0C-88C427C73AD459EA_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/0394E9EF-1180-4E0C-88C427C73AD459EA_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-11-11">November 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/11-04/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8A0EA620-F976-436A-A4D69BE139CF32D0_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 19" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8A0EA620-F976-436A-A4D69BE139CF32D0_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/8A0EA620-F976-436A-A4D69BE139CF32D0_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-11-04">November 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/10-28/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4179F16B-29D0-4A1C-B5DA448FA7857684_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 18" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4179F16B-29D0-4A1C-B5DA448FA7857684_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/4179F16B-29D0-4A1C-B5DA448FA7857684_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-10-28">October 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/10-21/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3DBB9C56-506F-47AC-A6187BEC7710EDBF_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 17" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3DBB9C56-506F-47AC-A6187BEC7710EDBF_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/3DBB9C56-506F-47AC-A6187BEC7710EDBF_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-10-21">October 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/10-14/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/61191914-E64A-44A0-99F3AE15CAC741E6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 16" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/61191914-E64A-44A0-99F3AE15CAC741E6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/61191914-E64A-44A0-99F3AE15CAC741E6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-10-14">October 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/10-07/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9592D088-982D-4FC2-96B684237D429046_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 15" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9592D088-982D-4FC2-96B684237D429046_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/9592D088-982D-4FC2-96B684237D429046_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-10-07">October 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/09-30/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5C99E0C9-3CBF-4C0C-A857FC2BAB6D3CD5_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 14" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5C99E0C9-3CBF-4C0C-A857FC2BAB6D3CD5_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5C99E0C9-3CBF-4C0C-A857FC2BAB6D3CD5_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-09-30">September 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/09-23/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/53225BCD-75D7-4E37-AD189FCDAEF7CC0A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 13" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/53225BCD-75D7-4E37-AD189FCDAEF7CC0A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/53225BCD-75D7-4E37-AD189FCDAEF7CC0A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-09-23">September 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/09-16/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/47393587-0BD5-4700-A5D8B1BCB89E168B_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 12" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/47393587-0BD5-4700-A5D8B1BCB89E168B_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/47393587-0BD5-4700-A5D8B1BCB89E168B_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-09-16">September 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/09-09/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/508A2658-85DC-475F-B73ECA1C4FF8261D_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 11" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/508A2658-85DC-475F-B73ECA1C4FF8261D_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/508A2658-85DC-475F-B73ECA1C4FF8261D_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-09-09">September 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/09-02/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CDDA69D2-8DBF-4DD3-9AE46486175D6DF0_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 10" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CDDA69D2-8DBF-4DD3-9AE46486175D6DF0_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/CDDA69D2-8DBF-4DD3-9AE46486175D6DF0_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-09-02">September 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/08-26/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/834F828F-A9B4-4144-9074DEE771B76A78_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 9" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/834F828F-A9B4-4144-9074DEE771B76A78_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/834F828F-A9B4-4144-9074DEE771B76A78_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-08-26">August 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/08-19/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5099C708-218E-4B35-81EE4C09E72CD7BC_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 8" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5099C708-218E-4B35-81EE4C09E72CD7BC_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5099C708-218E-4B35-81EE4C09E72CD7BC_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-08-19">August 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/08-12/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B0CA2016-5021-48D7-BB392B652F6A624F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 7" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B0CA2016-5021-48D7-BB392B652F6A624F_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B0CA2016-5021-48D7-BB392B652F6A624F_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-08-12">August 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/08-05/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5064A2F9-D8CD-4B8C-8EF902DA24029FA6_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 6" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5064A2F9-D8CD-4B8C-8EF902DA24029FA6_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/5064A2F9-D8CD-4B8C-8EF902DA24029FA6_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-08-05">August 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/07-29/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/435F9D51-58B9-4BB2-AD20477875A9982A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 5" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/435F9D51-58B9-4BB2-AD20477875A9982A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/435F9D51-58B9-4BB2-AD20477875A9982A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-07-29">July 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/07-22/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D68F4FAB-1432-4DA0-9AC79BAA556E331F_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 4" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/D68F4FAB-1432-4DA0-9AC79BAA556E331F_source.jpg?w=300 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-07-15">July 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/07-08/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EB4362FC-9651-40D1-A4BE5174FC95442A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 2" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EB4362FC-9651-40D1-A4BE5174FC95442A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EB4362FC-9651-40D1-A4BE5174FC95442A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-07-08">July 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/07-01/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EDF76479-4A09-46BA-92172C162DF26A5A_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 13 Issue 1" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EDF76479-4A09-46BA-92172C162DF26A5A_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/EDF76479-4A09-46BA-92172C162DF26A5A_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-07-01">July 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/06-24/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/321C8F22-F454-4B14-AAFD02E845298B06_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 12 Issue 26" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/321C8F22-F454-4B14-AAFD02E845298B06_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/321C8F22-F454-4B14-AAFD02E845298B06_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-06-24">June 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/06-17/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/F2F48C2C-87B0-4D49-989449DB88F87AFB_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 12 Issue 25" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/F2F48C2C-87B0-4D49-989449DB88F87AFB_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/F2F48C2C-87B0-4D49-989449DB88F87AFB_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-06-17">June 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/06-10/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" 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width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div class="issue__date-ozuG1"><time dateTime="1865-05-20">May 1865</time></div></div></div></a></div><div class="list__item--tR3J"><a class="issue__link-3e-qg" href="/issue/sa/1865/05-13/"><div class="issue-VnvuN"><div><div><figure class="issueImageContainer-WnIB2"><img class="issue__cover__image-35p5E" src="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B4B15A83-9621-4ED9-B039A41E8084D263_source.jpg?w=600" alt="Scientific American Magazine Vol 12 Issue 20" srcSet="https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B4B15A83-9621-4ED9-B039A41E8084D263_source.jpg?w=300 300w, https://static.scientificamerican.com/sciam/cache/file/B4B15A83-9621-4ED9-B039A41E8084D263_source.jpg?w=600 600w" sizes="300px" width="300" loading="lazy"/></figure></div></div><div class="issue__info-Wrv5W"><h3 class="issue__title-rRMdq">Scientific American</h3><div 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