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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Siste endringar</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Tilfeldig_side" title="Vis ei tilfeldig side [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Tilfeldig side</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Innhald" title="Hjelp til å bruke alle funksjonane."><span>Hjelp</span></a></li><li id="n-kontakt" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-query" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-query emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eksterne søk </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Irish_language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1866" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9142" title="Lenkje til tilknytt element [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hovudside" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logg inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fleire val" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlege verktøy" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personlege verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=nn.wikipedia.org&uselang=nn"><span>Gåver</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Irsk" title="Me oppfordrar til at du oppretter ein konto og loggar inn, men det er ikkje påkravd."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Irsk" title="Det er ikkje obligatorisk å logga inn, men medfører mange fordelar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sider for utlogga bidragsytarar <a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Introduksjon" aria-label="Lær meir om redigering"><span>lær meir</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidraga_mine" title="Liste over endringar gjorde frå denne IP-adressa [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Diskusjonssida_mi" title="Diskusjon om endringar gjorde av denne ip-adressa [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Skriftspråk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skriftspråk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Skriftspråk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skriftspråk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grammatikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grammatikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Grammatikk</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Grammatikk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Grammatikk</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Grammatikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fonologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Fonologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fonologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mutasjonar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutasjonar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Mutasjonar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mutasjonar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Palatalisering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palatalisering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Palatalisering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palatalisering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trykk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trykk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Trykk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trykk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morfologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morfologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Morfologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morfologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Substantivbøying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Substantivbøying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Substantivbøying</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Substantivbøying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verbbøying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verbbøying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Verbbøying</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verbbøying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronomenbøying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronomenbøying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Pronomenbøying</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronomenbøying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syntaks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syntaks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Syntaks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syntaks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Å_vera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Å_vera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Å vera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Å_vera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ja_og_nei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ja_og_nei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Ja og nei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ja_og_nei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ytre_språkhistorie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ytre_språkhistorie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ytre språkhistorie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ytre_språkhistorie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Ytre språkhistorie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ytre_språkhistorie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Irsk_språkpolitikk_i_republikken_Irland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irsk_språkpolitikk_i_republikken_Irland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Irsk språkpolitikk i republikken Irland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irsk_språkpolitikk_i_republikken_Irland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gaeltachtaí" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gaeltachtaí"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Gaeltachtaí</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gaeltachtaí-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indre_språkhistorie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indre_språkhistorie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Indre språkhistorie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indre_språkhistorie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kjelder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kjelder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kjelder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kjelder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrunnsstoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bakgrunnsstoff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innhaldsliste" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innhaldslista</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Irsk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 161 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-161" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">161 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irsk" title="Irsk – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Irsk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iriska" title="Iriska – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Iriska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irsk_(sprog)" title="Irsk (sprog) – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Irsk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iers-Gaelies" title="Iers-Gaelies – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Iers-Gaelies" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irische_Sprache" title="Irische Sprache – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Irische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%AD%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%9B" title="አየርላንድኛ – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አየርላንድኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="आयरिश भाषा – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="आयरिश भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AArisc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Īrisc sprǣc – gammalengelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Īrisc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="gammalengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Аирланд бызшәа – abkhasisk" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аирланд бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhasisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الأيرلندية – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الأيرلندية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_irland%C3%A9s" title="Idioma irlandés – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma irlandés" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C3%A8lico_irland%C3%AAs" title="Gaèlico irlandês – arpitansk" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Gaèlico irlandês" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_irland%C3%A9s" title="Idioma irlandés – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma irlandés" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0rland_dili" title="İrland dili – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İrland dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আইরিশ ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইরিশ ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80i-n%C3%AD-l%C3%A2n-g%C3%AD" title="Ài-ní-lân-gí – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ài-ní-lân-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ірландская мова – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ірландская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ірляндзкая мова – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ірляндзкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="आयरिश भाषा – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="आयरिश भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ирландски език – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ирландски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irische_Sproch" title="Irische Sproch – bairisk" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Irische Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bairisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irski_jezik" title="Irski jezik – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Irski jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwerzhoneg" title="Iwerzhoneg – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Iwerzhoneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C3%A8lic_irland%C3%A8s" title="Gaèlic irlandès – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gaèlic irlandès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Айриш чĕлхи – tsjuvansk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Айриш чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C5%A1tina" title="Irština – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Irština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyddeleg" title="Gwyddeleg – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwyddeleg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iirragiella" title="Iirragiella – nordsamisk" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Iirragiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irische_Sprache" title="Irische Sprache – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Irische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Iršćina – lågsorbisk" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Iršćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lågsorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iiri_keel" title="Iiri keel – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iiri keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%81%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Ιρλανδική γλώσσα – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιρλανδική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Irish language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_irland%C3%A9s" title="Idioma irlandés – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma irlandés" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_lingvo" title="Irlanda lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Irlanda lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandako_gaelera" title="Irlandako gaelera – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Irlandako gaelera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="زبان ایرلندی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان ایرلندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_bhasa" title="Irish bhasa – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Irish bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Drskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Írskt mál – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Írskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandais" title="Irlandais – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Irlandais" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iersk" title="Iersk – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Iersk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_irlandese" title="Lenghe irlandese – friulisk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghe irlandese" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ghaeilge" title="An Ghaeilge – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Ghaeilge" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yernish" title="Yernish – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yernish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0idhlig_na_h-%C3%88ireann" title="Gàidhlig na h-Èireann – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gàidhlig na h-Èireann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_irlandesa" title="Lingua irlandesa – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua irlandesa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland-ng%C3%AE" title="Ireland-ngî – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ireland-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%99%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Гәәлгүдин келн – kalmykisk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Гәәлгүдин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmykisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%96%B4" title="아일랜드어 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아일랜드어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshen_Irish" title="Harshen Irish – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshen Irish" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BC%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Իռլանդերեն – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իռլանդերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="आयरिश भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयरिश भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Iršćina – høgsorbisk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Iršćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="høgsorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irski_jezik" title="Irski jezik – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Irski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandana_linguo" title="Irlandana linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Irlandana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Irlandes" title="Pagsasao nga Irlandes – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao nga Irlandes" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Irlandia" title="Bahasa Irlandia – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Irlandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_irlandese" title="Lingua irlandese – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua irlandese" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandesi" title="Irlandesi – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Irlandesi" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Ирландиаг æвзаг – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ирландиаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Drska" title="Írska – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Írska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_irlandese" title="Lingua irlandese – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua irlandese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אירית – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אירית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ირლანდიური ენა – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ირლანდიური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Ирланд тілі – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ирланд тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordhonek" title="Wordhonek – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Wordhonek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kieire" title="Kieire – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kieire" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Ирландса кыв – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ирландса кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_%C3%AErlend%C3%AE" title="Zimanê îrlendî – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê îrlendî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Ирланд тили – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ирланд тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaelich" title="Gaelich – ladinsk" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Gaelich" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Hibernica" title="Lingua Hibernica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Hibernica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AAru_valoda" title="Īru valoda – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Īru valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airi%C5%B3_kalba" title="Airių kalba – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Airių kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoa_irlandeize" title="Lengoa irlandeize – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengoa irlandeize" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iers" title="Iers – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Iers" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eres_(lingua)" title="Eres (lingua) – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eres (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_irlandesa" title="Lengua irlandesa – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua irlandesa" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dr_nyelv" title="Ír nyelv – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ír nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ирски јазик – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ирски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_irlandey" title="Fiteny irlandey – madagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny irlandey" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ഐറിഷ് ഭാഷ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐറിഷ് ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_Irlandi%C5%BCa" title="Lingwa Irlandiża – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Irlandiża" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Airangi" title="Reo Airangi – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Airangi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="आयरिश भाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आयरिश भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ირლანდიური ნინა – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ირლანდიური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89" title="ايرلاندى – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايرلاندى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="ایرلندی – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایرلندی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Ireland" title="Bahasa Ireland – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Ireland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Irlandia" title="Bahaso Irlandia – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Irlandia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81i-%C4%AB-l%C3%A0ng-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Ái-ī-làng-ngṳ̄ – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ái-ī-làng-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Ирланд хэл – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ирланд хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="အိုင်းရစ်ဘာသာစကား – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုင်းရစ်ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iers" title="Iers – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Iers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iers" title="Iers – lågsaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Iers" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E8%AA%9E" title="アイルランド語 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイルランド語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Ирландхойн мотт – tsjetsjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ирландхойн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iirsk" title="Iirsk – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Iirsk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandais" title="Irlandais – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Irlandais" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irland%C3%A9s" title="Irlandés – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Irlandés" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irland_tili" title="Irland tili – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Irland tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਆਇਰਿਸ਼ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਇਰਿਸ਼ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salitan_Irish" title="Salitan Irish – pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Salitan Irish" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B4" title="آئرش – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئرش" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandes_(idioma)" title="Irlandes (idioma) – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Irlandes (idioma)" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="ايرلينډي ژبه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ايرلينډي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Ир кыв – komipermjakisk" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ир кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komipermjakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlind%C3%A9_(langue)" title="Irlindé (langue) – pikardisk" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Irlindé (langue)" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_irland%C3%A8isa" title="Lenga irlandèisa – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga irlandèisa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Aialan" title="Tok Aialan – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tok Aialan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irisch_Spraak" title="Irisch Spraak – lågtysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Irisch Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_irlandzki" title="Język irlandzki – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język irlandzki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_irlandesa" title="Língua irlandesa – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua irlandesa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_irlandez%C4%83" title="Limba irlandeză – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba irlandeză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_irlandaisa" title="Lingua irlandaisa – retoromansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua irlandaisa" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irihallp%27a_simi" title="Irihallp'a simi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Irihallp'a simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Ірьскый язык – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ірьскый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Ирландский язык – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ирландский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱟᱭᱨᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱭᱨᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaelicu_Irlandesu" title="Gaelicu Irlandesu – sardinsk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Gaelicu Irlandesu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erse_leid" title="Erse leid – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Erse leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irisk" title="Irisk – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Irisk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_irlandeze_gaelike" title="Gjuha irlandeze gaelike – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha irlandeze gaelike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Irish language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B4_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="آئرش ٻولي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آئرش ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dr%C4%8Dina" title="Írčina – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Írčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irska_gel%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Irska gelščina – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Irska gelščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandzko_godka" title="Irlandzko godka – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Irlandzko godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="زمانی ئیری – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ئیری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ирски језик – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ирски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irski_jezik" title="Irski jezik – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Irski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iiri" title="Iiri – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iiri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Irlandes" title="Wikang Irlandes – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Irlandes" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="ஐரிய மொழி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐரிய மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirlandit" title="Tirlandit – kabylsk" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tirlandit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Ирланд теле – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ирланд теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A" title="ภาษาไอริช – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาไอริช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%A3" title="Забони ирландӣ – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони ирландӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0rlandaca" title="İrlandaca – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İrlandaca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayiri%CC%B1t_(a%CC%B1lyem)" title="Ayiri̱t (a̱lyem) – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ayiri̱t (a̱lyem)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Ирланд кыл – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Ирланд кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ірландська мова – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ірландська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آئرستانی زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئرستانی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="ئرېلاندىيە تىلى – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئرېلاندىيە تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_irlandeze" title="Łéngua irlandeze – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua irlandeze" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandijan_kel%27" title="Irlandijan kel' – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Irlandijan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Ireland" title="Tiếng Ireland – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Ireland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lirey%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Lireyänapük – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lireyänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iiri_kiil" title="Iiri kiil – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Iiri kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irland%C3%A8s_(lingaedje)" title="Irlandès (lingaedje) – vallonsk" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Irlandès (lingaedje)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iers" title="Iers – vestflamsk" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Iers" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vestflamsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="爱尔兰语 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="爱尔兰语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A9" title="איריש – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איריש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Ireland" title="Èdè Ireland – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Ireland" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87" title="愛爾蘭蓋爾文 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="愛爾蘭蓋爾文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0rlandki" title="İrlandki – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İrlandki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" title="愛爾蘭語 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="愛爾蘭語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hata_Irlandia" title="Hata Irlandia – batak toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Hata Irlandia" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="batak toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Ireland" title="Jaku Ireland – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Ireland" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Irlandia" title="Basa Irlandia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Basa Irlandia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9142#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Endra mellomspråklege lenkjer" class="wbc-editpage">Endra lenkjer</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Irsk" title="Vis innhaldssida [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Irsk" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innhaldssida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gøym</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frå Wikipedia – det frie oppslagsverket</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nn" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" width="300px"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="lawngreen"><big><b>Irsk</b></big><br /><b>Gaeilge</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Klassifisering</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Indoeuropeiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Indoeuropeiske språk">Indoeuropeisk</a><br /> <p> <a href="/wiki/Keltiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Keltiske språk">Keltisk</a><br />   <a href="/wiki/%C3%98ykeltiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Øykeltiske språk">Øykeltisk</a> <br />    <a href="/wiki/Goidelske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Goidelske språk">Goidelsk</a> <br />     <b>Irsk</b> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="lawngreen"><b>Bruk</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Tala i</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republikken_Irland" title="Republikken Irland">Republikken Irland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nord-Irland" title="Nord-Irland">Nord-Irland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Område</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Gaeltacht" title="Gaeltacht">Gaeltacht</a>, hovudsakleg vest og nordvest i <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Irsktalande i alt</b> </td> <td colspan="2">1 570 000 (20–40 000 som daglegspråk) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Skriftsystem</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Det_latinske_alfabetet" title="Det latinske alfabetet">latinsk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="lawngreen"><b>Offisiell status</b></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left;" colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Offisielt språk i</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republikken_Irland" title="Republikken Irland">Republikken Irland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nord-Irland" title="Nord-Irland">Nord-Irland</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b>Normert av</b> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Foras_na_Gaeilge" title="Foras na Gaeilge">Foras na Gaeilge</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" bgcolor="lawngreen"><b>Språkkodar</b> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-1</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2">ga </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-2</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2">gle </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-3</a></b> </td> <td colspan="2">gle </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Irsk</b> (<i>Gaeilge</i>) er eit <a href="/wiki/Keltiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Keltiske språk">keltisk språk</a> som vert tala og nytta på øya <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a>. Det er det fremste offisielle språket i <a href="/wiki/Republikken_Irland" title="Republikken Irland">Republikken Irland</a>, sjølv om eit stort fleirtal av folkesetnaden har <a href="/wiki/Engelsk_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Engelsk språk">engelsk</a> som fyrstespråk. Irsk har fått ei formell godkjenning som minoritetsspråk i <a href="/wiki/Nord-Irland" title="Nord-Irland">Nord-Irland</a>. I <a href="/wiki/Langfredagsavtala" title="Langfredagsavtala">Langfredagsavtala</a> av <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> aksepterte den britiske regjeringa irsk og <a href="/wiki/Ulsterskotsk" title="Ulsterskotsk">ulsterskotsk</a> som minoritetsspråk i provinsen. 13. juni 2005 vart det samrøystes vedteke at irsk vert eit offisielt språk i <a href="/wiki/Den_europeiske_unionen" title="Den europeiske unionen">den europeiske unionen</a>. Vedtaket fekk verknad frå 1. januar 2007. </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skriftspråk"><span id="Skriftspr.C3.A5k"></span>Skriftspråk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Skriftspråk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Skriftspråk"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg/220px-Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg/330px-Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg/440px-Book_of_Ballymote_008r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1285" /></a><figcaption>Blad frå <i>Leabhar Bhaile an Mhóta</i>, ei irsk bok nedskriven på 1390-talet.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Hovudartikkel: <a href="/wiki/Irsk_skriftspr%C3%A5k" title="Irsk skriftspråk">Irsk skriftspråk</a></i> </p><p>Det irske skriftspråket går attende til klassisk irsk, frå perioden 1100-1600, sjølv om ei rettskrivingsreform på slutten av <a href="/wiki/1940-talet" class="mw-redirect" title="1940-talet">1940-talet</a> moderniserte skriftspråket noko, representerer det (på same måten som for engelsk) eit tidlegare språksteg. Det er stor avstand mellom skrift og tale, men det er likevel eit regelbunde samsvar mellom dei to. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grammatikk">Grammatikk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Grammatikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Grammatikk"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fonologi">Fonologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Fonologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Fonologi"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uttalen i irsk er regelrett etter skriftbiletet, men dette biletet er komplekst. Den fyrste konsonanten i ord kan endra kvalitet, sokalla mutasjonar. Palatalisering av konsonantar er meiningsberande, og kan vera ein del av bøyinga av orda. Somme ord som byrjar på vokalar, kan få førestilte konsonantar i visse høve. </p><p>Dette gjer at mange skrivne ord inneheld bokstavar som ikkje vert uttala, men berre indikerer endra uttale av andre bokstavar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mutasjonar">Mutasjonar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: Mutasjonar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Mutasjonar"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det finst to slag mutasjonar, <b>lenisjon</b> (der konsonantar går til frikativar, t d går <i>p</i> til <i>f</i> (i denne samanhengen stava ph) og <b>eklipse</b> (der konsonanten vert stemd, t d går <i>p</i> til <i>b</i> (i denne samanhengen stava <i>bp</i>) eller vert nasale dersom dei er stemde, t d går <i>f</i> til <i>v</i> (i denne samanhengen stava <i>bhf</i>)). Ved eklipse får vokalar <i>n</i> føre seg. </p><p>Døme: <i>tógann fear an t-airgead ó fhear eile</i> (ein mann tek pengane frå ein annan mann, fear -> fhear). <i>thóg an fear an t-airgeaid ón bhfear eile</i> (mannen tok pengane frå den andre mannen, tógann -> thóg, fear -> bhfear). </p><p>Mutasjonar gjeld òg personnamn, t. d. i tiltaleform (vokativ) eller genitiv. Snakkar ein til <i>Cáit</i> vert det <i>A Cháit!</i>, uttalen endrar seg frå <i>kait´</i> til <i>xait´</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Palatalisering">Palatalisering</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: Palatalisering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Palatalisering"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Palatalisering" title="Palatalisering">Palatalisering</a> er meiningsberande på irsk. T. d. uttalast <i>beo</i> (levande) og <i>bó</i> (ku) likt, med unntak av at b er palatal i beo og ikkje i bó. Palatalisering vert òg nytta som eit element i bøyinga av ord, då i siste konsonant. I skrift synest palatalisering av konsonantar ved at det står anten e eller i på begge sider av konsonanten, med enkelte unnatak i ofte brukte ord. Døme: <i>fliuch</i>(våt), genitiv hokjønn <i>fliche</i>. Endringa i uttalen er at <i>ch</i> i det fyrste tilfellet uttalast som i tysk Bu<b>ch</b>, og i det andre tilfellet som i norsk <b>Kj</b>etil. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trykk">Trykk</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Trykk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Trykk"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trykket er i irsk på fyrste staving, bortsett frå i visse engelske lånord, og i ein del viktige tids- og stad-adverbial, som alle har trykk på andre staving: <i>inniu</i> 'i dag', <i>inné</i> 'i går', <i>aréir</i> 'i går kveld/i natt', <i>amárach</i> 'i morgon' osb. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morfologi">Morfologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Endre bolk: Morfologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Morfologi"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Hovudartikkel: <a href="/wiki/Irsk_morfologi" title="Irsk morfologi">Irsk morfologi</a></i> </p><p>Irsk morfologi, eller bøyingslære, ber preg av at det er eit <a href="/wiki/Indoeuropeiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Indoeuropeiske språk">indoeuropeisk språk</a>. <a href="/wiki/Substantiv" title="Substantiv">Substantiv</a> vert bøygde i <a href="/wiki/Numerus" title="Numerus">numerus</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kasus" title="Kasus">kasus</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Verb" title="Verb">verb</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tal" title="Tal">tal</a> og <a href="/wiki/Person" title="Person">person</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pronomen" title="Pronomen">Pronomenane</a> vert ogso bøygde i tal og person. I tillegg vert substantiva delte inn i grupper etter <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Adjektiv" title="Adjektiv">adjektiv</a> og <a href="/wiki/Determinativ" title="Determinativ">determinativar</a> vert bøygde i genus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Substantivbøying"><span id="Substantivb.C3.B8ying"></span>Substantivbøying</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Endre bolk: Substantivbøying" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Substantivbøying"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Substantiva er delte inn i to klasser etter grammatisk <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a>, feminin og maskulin. Begge har determinativen <i>an</i> (plural: <i>na</i>), men feminine substantiv blir lenisert etter determinativen. </p><p>Den irske kasusbøyinga er i ein oppløysingsfase. Nominativ, genitiv og vokativ er framleis levande, men dativ er nesten heilt forsvunne, og akkusativ skil seg berre med eit par ord frå nominativen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Verbbøying"><span id="Verbb.C3.B8ying"></span>Verbbøying</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Endre bolk: Verbbøying" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Verbbøying"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irsk har ikkje <a href="/wiki/Infinitiv" title="Infinitiv">infinitiv</a>, i staden nyttar ein verbalsubstantiv. Oppslagsforma på ord i ordboka er difor <a href="/wiki/Imperativ" title="Imperativ">imperativ</a>, som alltid er det same som stamma av ordet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronomenbøying"><span id="Pronomenb.C3.B8ying"></span>Pronomenbøying</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Endre bolk: Pronomenbøying" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Pronomenbøying"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Personlege pronomen vert ikkje bøygde i kasus, men dei har tre ulike former, konjunktive, disjunktive og emfatiske former. Den forma av <a href="/wiki/Subjekt" title="Subjekt">subjektet</a> som kjem rett etter verbet vert kalla <i>konjunktiv</i>. Viss pronomenet ikkje er postverbalt subjekt, er det den disjunktive forma som vert brukt. Eit tredje sett av former er dei emfatiske formene, dei vert brukte der pronomenet har ekstra vekt. Pronomenet for andre<a href="/wiki/Person" title="Person">person</a> <a href="/wiki/Eintal" class="mw-redirect" title="Eintal">eintal</a> har t. d. desse formene: <i>tú</i> (konjunktiv), <i>thú</i> (disjunktiv) og <i>t(h)usa</i> (emfatisk). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syntaks">Syntaks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Endre bolk: Syntaks" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Syntaks"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irsk er eit <a href="/wiki/VSO-spr%C3%A5k" title="VSO-språk">VSO-språk</a>. Jf. dette dømet: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><i lang="ga" title="irsk-språkleg tekst">Labhrann</i></td> <td><i lang="ga" title="irsk-språkleg tekst">Mícheál</i></td> <td><i lang="ga" title="irsk-språkleg tekst">Gaeilge</i></td> <td><i lang="ga" title="irsk-språkleg tekst">le Cáit</i></td> <td><i lang="ga" title="irsk-språkleg tekst">go minic</i>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>snakkar</td> <td>Mícheál</td> <td>irsk</td> <td>med Cáit</td> <td>mot ofte.heit</td> <td>«Mícheál snakkar ofte irsk med Cáit.» </td></tr> <tr> <td>Verb</td> <td>Subjekt</td> <td>Dir.obj.</td> <td>Ind.obj.</td> <td>Tidsadv. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Irsk har ikkje infinitivar, men brukar i staden verbalsubstantiv. Irsk brukar ikkje eit verb <i>å ha</i> i eigarkonstruksjonar, men i staden konstruksjonar som <i>på meg er X</i>, på same måten som i <a href="/wiki/Finsk" title="Finsk">finsk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Samiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Samiske språk">samisk</a>. Sjølv om verba blir bøygd i person, er det i talespråket meir og meir vanleg å bruke personlege pronomen og verbformer utan personendingar. </p><p>Adjektiva kjem etter substantivet dei står til, og til ein viss grad deltek dei i substantivet sine konsonantendringar, t.d. <i>an fear mór</i> «stor mann», <i>éacht an fhir mhóir</i> «den store mannenens resultat». Komparativ og superlativ har berre ei form, og tilhøyraren må ut i frå samanhengen finne rett form, : <i>an fear mór</i> "stor mann" <i>fear is mó ná é" </i>mann som er større enn han<i> "an fear is mó</i> "den største mannen". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Å_vera"><span id=".C3.85_vera"></span>Å vera</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Endre bolk: Å vera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Å vera"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irsk har to verb for <b>å vera</b>; <i>is</i> (kalla kopula) og <i>bí</i>. Kopula vert nytta til å definere eller karakterisere ting, medan bí (presens 1. person eintal tá) vert nytta til å skildre tilstandar og haldningar. Skilnaden vert mellom det permanente og det forbigåande. Døme: <i>is bádóir an fear</i> (er sjømann mannen = mannen er sjømann), <i>tá an fear i mbád</i> (er mannen i båt = mannen er i ein båt). Kopula kan òg brukast for å gje ekstra trykk til eit enkelt ord i ei setning: <i>Chuaigh Seán go Doire inné</i> (Seán drog til Derry i går) kan skrivast om til <i>Is é Seán a chuaigh go Doire inné</i> (Det var <b>Seán</b> som drog til Derry i går). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ja_og_nei">Ja og nei</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Endre bolk: Ja og nei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Ja og nei"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irsk manglar ord for ja og nei. I staden tek ein verbet i spørsmålet oppatt i nektande eller stadfestande form. </p> <ul><li><i>An bhfuil tú sásta?</i> Er du glad? <i>Tá.</i> Eg er. (Spørsmålet med substantiv-verb; svaret også med)</li> <li><i>An fear sé?</i> Er han ein mann? <i>Is é.</i> Han er. <i>An fear tú?</i> Er du ein mann? <i>Is mé.</i> Eg er. (Med kopula.)</li> <li><i>An bhfaca tú an fear?</i> Såg du mannen? <i>Chonaic.</i> Eg såg.</li> <li><i>An féidir liom an leabhar sin a léamh?</i> Kan eg lese denne boka? <i>Is féidir.</i> Det er mogleg (dvs. Du kan); kopula.</li></ul> <p>Som «tag» finst <i>is ea</i> eller <i>sea</i> som eit slags «ja», men det er avhengig av konteksten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ytre_språkhistorie"><span id="Ytre_spr.C3.A5khistorie"></span>Ytre språkhistorie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Endre bolk: Ytre språkhistorie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Ytre språkhistorie"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Carl_Marstrander" title="Carl Marstrander">Carl Marstrander</a> sin gamle påstand om at me ikkje veit noko om kva tid keltarane kom til Irland er framleis sann. Me veit heller ikkje kvar dei kom frå. Me veit berre at dei kom i ei rekkje med invasjonar og at dei truleg var etablert i Irland rundt 300 f.v.t, og at i tidleg kristen tid var Irland for det meste keltisk. Då <a href="/wiki/Romarriket" title="Romarriket">romarriket</a> spreidde seg over Europa vart keltisk kultur og språk assimilert i fastlands-Europa. Assimileringa var ikkje like sterk i <a href="/wiki/Britannia" title="Britannia">Britannia</a>. Romarane kom heller ikkje til norddelen av Britannia eller til Irland. <a href="/wiki/Folkevandringstida" title="Folkevandringstida">Folkevandringstida</a> førte til store endringar i irsk. </p><p>Som del av den romerske påverknaden vart Irland kristna og irsk tok opp latinske ord, særleg knytte til kyrkja og skrivekunsten. Då romarane trekte seg attende danna keltarane som hadde vore under romersk herredøme nye kongerike. Mange av desse forsvann igjen under press frå <a href="/wiki/Pikter" class="mw-redirect" title="Pikter">piktarar</a> frå nord, keltarar frå Irland og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anglar (sida finst ikkje)">anglarar</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saksar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saksar (sida finst ikkje)">saksarar</a> frå fastlandet. Berre <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">walisarane</a> og <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">kornarane</a> vart att. I sør førte presset over irskesjøen til emigrasjon frå Wales og Cornwall til <a href="/wiki/Bretagne" title="Bretagne">Bretagne</a>. I nord førte presset frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A1l_Riata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dál Riata (sida finst ikkje)">Dál Riata</a>-kulturen i nord-austre Irland til at piktarane i Skottland etter kvart forsvann og irsk vart målet også der. </p><p>Den eldste boka som er delvis bevart, der heile teksten er på irsk, er <i>Lebor na hUidre</i> (Boka om den sandfarga kua). Ho vart truleg skriven i klosteret i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clonmacnoise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clonmacnoise (sida finst ikkje)">Clonmacnoise</a> på slutten av <a href="/wiki/1100-talet" title="1100-talet">1100-talet</a>. Boka inneheld religiøse tekstar og tekstar frå tidleg irsk mytologi. Den første prenta boka på irsk vart til i 1564 i <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, og var ei omsetjing av <i>Liturgy</i> av <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Knox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Knox (sida finst ikkje)">John Knox</a>, omsett av John Carswell, Biskop til Hebridane. Han skreiv ei språkform som var i bruk i Irland og i Skottland på denne tida, og han brukte <a href="/wiki/Det_latinske_alfabetet" title="Det latinske alfabetet">det latinske alfabetet</a>. I 1568 vart den første boka på irsk i Irland prenta; den var ein protestantisk 'katekisme', og han hadde ei rettskrivingslære og informasjon om irske lydar. Det var John Kearney, skattemeister ved St. Patrick's Cathedral, som skreiv katekismen. Skrifttypen som vart brukt var <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A6lisk_skrift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gælisk skrift (sida finst ikkje)">gælisk skrift</a>. </p><p>Perioden 1100-1600 vert sedd på som den irske gullalderen, språket var dominerande i Irland og hadde ein rik litterær tradisjon. Frå og med <a href="/wiki/1600-talet" title="1600-talet">1600-talet</a> knuste engelskmennene den irskspråklege overklassa og erstatta henne med engelskspråklege immigrantar. Det klassiske irske språkat var strengt normert. Etter 1600-talet vart irsk omtrent ikkje brukt i skrift i det heile, og då kulturnasjonalismen tok språket i bruk som skriftspråk att på slutten av 1800-talet, vart standardiseringa hindra av striden mellom dei ulike dialektformene. Også i dag er skilnaden mellom Ulster-dialektane og dei sørlege språkformene med og skapar variasjon i det normerte skriftspråket. </p><p>Sjølv om irsk ikkje vart skrive så mykje på <a href="/wiki/1700-talet" title="1700-talet">1700-talet</a>, heldt det stillinga som talespråk blant det irske folket. Nedgangen for irsk som talespråk starta tidleg på <a href="/wiki/1800-talet" title="1800-talet">1800-talet</a>, men han skaut fart med hungerskrisa på <a href="/wiki/1840-talet" class="mw-redirect" title="1840-talet">1840-talet</a> og den store utvandringa til <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>, det var framfor alt dei irsk-språklege som drog. I Irland vart irsk sett på som eit teikn på fattigdom. </p><p>På slutten av 1800-talet tok dei fyrste revitaliseringstiltaka til, og det vart stifta ein organisasjon for å stø opp om bruken av irsk. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Irishin1871.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Irishin1871.jpg/250px-Irishin1871.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Irishin1871.jpg/375px-Irishin1871.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Irishin1871.jpg/500px-Irishin1871.jpg 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="967" /></a><figcaption>Utbreiing av irsk i 1871.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Irsk_språkpolitikk_i_republikken_Irland"><span id="Irsk_spr.C3.A5kpolitikk_i_republikken_Irland"></span>Irsk språkpolitikk i republikken Irland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Endre bolk: Irsk språkpolitikk i republikken Irland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Irsk språkpolitikk i republikken Irland"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Irish_road_sign.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Irish_road_sign.png/220px-Irish_road_sign.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Irish_road_sign.png/330px-Irish_road_sign.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Irish_road_sign.png/440px-Irish_road_sign.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Tospråklege vegskilt, på irsk og engelsk</figcaption></figure> <p>Då Irland vart fri frå <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a>, var det eit mål for republikken å gje det irske språket attende den gamle statusen sin på øya. Irsk vart gjort til offisielt språk, og det vart laga eit skulesystem der alle fekk opplæring i irsk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gaeltachtaí"><span id="Gaeltachta.C3.AD"></span>Gaeltachtaí</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Endre bolk: Gaeltachtaí" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Gaeltachtaí"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Gaeltacht.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Gaeltacht.svg/220px-Gaeltacht.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Gaeltacht.svg/330px-Gaeltacht.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Gaeltacht.svg/440px-Gaeltacht.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="906" data-file-height="1163" /></a><figcaption>Offisielle <i>gaeltachtaí</i></figcaption></figure> <p>I Republikken Irland er nokre område definert som <i><a href="/wiki/Gaeltacht" title="Gaeltacht">gaeltachta</a>í</i> (eintal <i>gaeltacht</i>). Dette er område der irsk framleis vert tala av ein stor del av folkesetnaden. Ein viss del av dei har irsk som fyrste språk. Dei viktigaste områda ligg i <a href="/wiki/Connemara" title="Connemara">Connemara</a>, inkludert <a href="/wiki/Aran%C3%B8yane" title="Aranøyane">Aranøyane</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galway_(grevskap)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galway (grevskap) (sida finst ikkje)">Galway</a>, på vestkysten av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donegal_(grevskap)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donegal (grevskap) (sida finst ikkje)">Donegal</a> og på <a href="/wiki/Dinglehalv%C3%B8ya" title="Dinglehalvøya">Dinglehalvøya</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerry_(grevskap)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerry (grevskap) (sida finst ikkje)">Kerry</a>. Det finst òg mindre slike område andre stader i landet. </p><p>I desse områda er det gjort spesielle tiltak for å halda på og fremja det irske språket. Mellom anna er mange skilt einspråklege på irsk. Elles i landet blir det nytta tospråklege eller einspråklege engelske skilt. Medan det elles i landet vert undervist i irsk som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrespr%C3%A5k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrespråk (sida finst ikkje)">andrespråk</a> (og i praksis ofte som framandspråk), er irsk normalt undervisningsspråk i alle fag i <i>gaeltachtaí</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indre_språkhistorie"><span id="Indre_spr.C3.A5khistorie"></span>Indre språkhistorie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Endre bolk: Indre språkhistorie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Indre språkhistorie"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eit omtrentleg oversyn over periode-inndelinga i irsk ser slik ut: </p> <table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 0 1em; background: #f9f9f9; color:black; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>?–600</td> <td>Primitiv irsk</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a>-skrift, kristning. </td></tr> <tr> <td>500–700</td> <td>Tidleg gamalirsk</td> <td>Lånord frå <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>700–900</td> <td>Gamalirsk </td></tr> <tr> <td>900–1200</td> <td>Mellomirsk</td> <td>Forenkla bøying av verb og substantiv. Personlege pronomen subjekt for kopula. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1200–1700</td> <td>Tidleg moderne irsk</td> <td>Personlege pronomen òg som subjekt for verb. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1700–</td> <td>Moderne irsk</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Skotsk-g%C3%A6lisk" title="Skotsk-gælisk">Skotsk-gælisk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Manx" title="Manx">manx</a> vert eigne språk. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Gamalirsk og moderne irsk skil seg frå kvarandre m.a. ved at gamalirsk hadde tre <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a>, medan moderne irsk berre har to. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kjelder">Kjelder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Endre bolk: Kjelder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=18" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kjelder"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3318915">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">E.G. Ravenstein, «On the Celtic Languages of the British Isles: A Statistical Survey», i <i>Journal of the Statistical Society of London</i>, vol. 42, no. 3, (September, 1879), s. 584. På s. 583 finst det eit kart over irsk i 1851, som viser ei større utbreiing av folk som snakka irsk.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cso.ie/census/vol11.htm">Folketellinga frå 2002 om språksituasjonen</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irische_Sprache">«Irische Sprache»</a> på tysk wikipedia, <a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/iirin_kieli" class="extiw" title="fi:iirin kieli">iirin kieli</a> på finsk og <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/irish_language" class="extiw" title="en:irish language">irish language</a> på engelsk wikipedia</li> <li>Ó Murchú, Máirtin: <i>The Irish Language</i>. Dublin 1985.</li> <li>Ó Siadhail, Mícheál: <i>Learning Irish</i>. Dublin, 1980.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bakgrunnsstoff">Bakgrunnsstoff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Endre bolk: Bakgrunnsstoff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irsk&action=edit&section=19" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> på <b><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ga:">irsk</a></b> </p> <ul><li>Jan Erik Rekdal: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2002/august/1030092665.32">Når språkene dør</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061002193258/http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2002/august/1030092665.32">Arkivert</a> 2006-10-02 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. forskning.no, august 2002</li></ul> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <div align="center"> <table class="toccolours"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ccccff" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Keltiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Keltiske språk">Keltiske språk</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td 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