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Vísindavefurinn: Um hvað fjallar samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon?

<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7" lang="is" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xml:lang="is" lang="is"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8" lang="is" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xml:lang="is" lang="is"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="is" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xml:lang="is" lang="is"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js lang-is" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xml:lang="is" lang="is"> <!--<![endif]--> <head> <title>Vísindavefurinn: Um hvað fjallar samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon?</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,user-scalable=yes,minimum-scalable=1.0" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="UeM_PYJ3NMU1SICgJbjpZdSnqgd7GyGP5YNeM7CYey0" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="W8zhu2vlmP8cDcSp9nCc3F-GKMvtWGBQqOb4cZ-DFhU" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.visindavefur.is/myndir/visindavefur_logo_stort_200514.jpg"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="723301661"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=5611"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Um hvað fjallar samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon?"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon fjallar að minnsta kosti á yfirborðinu um mælskulist enda hlaut hún undirtitilinn Um mælskulistina þegar í fornöld. 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Þórarinsson </p> </div> <!-- ads begin --> <!-- ads end --> </div> </div> <div class="article-wrapper layout-item"> <section class="content-left"> <article class="default-article"> <section class="article-text" id="vv-article-text-area"> <div id="readspeaker_button1" class="rs_skip rsbtn rs_preserve" style="text-align: right; display:block;"> <a rel="nofollow" class="rsbtn_play" accesskey="L" title="Hlustaðu á þessa síðu lesna af ReadSpeaker webReader" href="//app-eu.readspeaker.com/cgi-bin/rsent?customerid=10303&lang=is_is&voice=is_dora&readid=vv-article-text-area&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D5611"> <span class="rsbtn_left rsimg rspart"><span class="rsbtn_text"><span>Hlusta</span></span></span> <span class="rsbtn_right rsimg rsplay rspart"></span> </a> </div> Samræðan <cite>Gorgías</cite> eftir Platon fjallar að minnsta kosti á yfirborðinu um mælskulist enda hlaut hún undirtitilinn <cite>Um mælskulistina</cite> þegar í fornöld. Samræðan á að eiga sér stað einhvern tímann á 3. áratug 5. aldar f. Kr. Mælskulistarkennarinn Gorgías frá Leontíní (um 485-380 f. Kr.) er kominn til Aþenu og þegar samræðan hefst er Gorgías nýbúinn að flytja framsögu. Þeir Sókrates og Kærefón hitta Gorgías ásamt tveimur ungum mönnum, Pólosi og Kallíklesi. <!-- Um Kallíkles má lesa í svari við spurningunni <a href="XXXX" target="_self">Hver var Kallíkles og hvers vegna þótti Sókratesi hann vera geðveikur?</a> --><p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> <center><img src="../myndir/sokrates_i_samraedum.jpg" border=0><br><em>Sókrates í samræðum.</em></center><p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> Sókrates hefur áhuga á að rökræða við Gorgías því hann vill „komast að raun um hjá honum, hvers list hans megni og hvað hann boðar og kennir” eins og Sókrates kemst sjálfur að orði í íslenskri þýðingu Eyjólfs Kjalars Emilssonar (42). Gorgías hafði sagst eiga svar við öllum spurningum. Sókrates fer því að spyrja Gorgías út í eðli mælskulistarinnar en fljótlega vakna þó ýmsar spurningar, meðal annars um réttlæti og ranglæti, um ánægju og ýmislegt fleira. Það kemur í ljós að viðhorf þeirra Gorgíasar, Pólosar og Kallíklesar annars vegar og Sókratesar hins vegar eru í grundvallaratriðum afar ólík og er ágreiningurinn öðru fremur siðfræðilegur. Þar sem megnið af samræðunni fer í að útkljá þennan ágreining má segja að í vissum skilningi fjalli samræðan öðru fremur um siðfræði.<p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> Þegar Gorgías hefur málað sig út í horn tekur Pólos við af honum sem viðmælandi Sókratesar í rökræðunni en þegar Pólos lendir í mótsögn við sjálfan sig tekur Kallíkles við. Á endanum játar Kallíkles sig sigraðan líka, enda þótt lesendum samræðunnar megi vera ljóst að Sókrates hafi varla útkljáð málið í eitt skipti fyrir öll.<p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> <strong>Frekara lesefni á Vísindavefnum eftir sama höfund</strong><p class="br"></p> <ul> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5234" target="_self">Hver var Platon?</a></li> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5288" target="_self">Hver eru helstu ritverk Platons?</a></li> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5377" target="_self">Hverjar voru helstu heimspekihugmyndir Platons?</a></li> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5274" target="_self">Eru menn aðeins eftirmyndir af hinum fullkomna manni eða konu, líkt og málverk af stól er aðeins eftirmynd af einhverjum ákveðnum stól?</a></li> </ul><p class="br"></p> <strong>Heimildir og mynd</strong><p class="br"></p> <ul> <li>Dodds, E.R., „Introduction” í Plato, <cite>Gorgias</cite>, E.R. Dodds (ritstj.) (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959): 1-67. </li> <li>Eyjólfur Kjalar Emilsson, „Inngangur” í Platón, <cite>Gorgías</cite> (Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka bókmenntafélag, 1977, 2. útg. 1991, 3. útg. 1993): 9-37. </li> <li>Guthrie, W.K.C., <cite>A History of Greek Philosophy IV: Plato: The Man and His Dialogues, Earlier Period</cite> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975). </li> <li>Myndin er af <a href="http://jacques.casari.free.fr/capconcours/prog/2003/general.htm" target="_self">Le Programme 2003-2004</a>.</li> </ul> </section> </article> </section> <section class="content-right"> <div id="content-right-wrapper"> <div class="authors"> <h4>Höfundur</h4> <div class="author"><div class="au-img"><img src="/myndir/thumbs/geir_thorarinn_thorarinsson_hofundur_100122_thumb_70w.jpg" alt="Geir Þ. Þórarinsson" /></div><div class="au-name"><p><a href="/hofundur/996/geir-th-thorarinsson/">Geir Þ. Þórarinsson</a></p></div><div class="au-pos"><p>aðjúnkt í grísku og latínu við Háskóla Íslands</p></div></div> </div> <div class="publish-date"> <h4>Útgáfudagur</h4> <p> 2.2.2006</p> </div> <div class="publisher"> <h4>Spyrjandi</h4> <p>Jónína Lárusdóttir</p> </div> <div class="tags"> <h4>Efnisorð</h4> <ul> <li><a href="/search/?q=Gorg%C3%ADas">Gorgías</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=Platon">Platon</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=samr%C3%A6%C3%B0ur">samræður</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=m%C3%A6lskulist">mælskulist</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=si%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i">siðfræði</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=b%C3%B3kmenntir+og+listir">bókmenntir og listir</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=heimspeki">heimspeki</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footnote"> <h4>Tilvísun</h4> <p id="citation_chicago" class="citation_displayed"> Geir Þ. Þórarinsson. &#8222;Um hvað fjallar samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon?&#8220; <i>Vísindavefurinn</i>, 2. febrúar 2006, sótt 30. nóvember 2024, https://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=5611. </p> <p id="citation_apa" class="citation_hidden"> Geir Þ. Þórarinsson. (2006, 2. febrúar). <i>Um hvað fjallar samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon?</i> Vísindavefurinn. https://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=5611 </p> <p id="citation_mla" class="citation_hidden"> Geir Þ. Þórarinsson. &#8222;Um hvað fjallar samræðan Gorgías eftir Platon?&#8220; <i>Vísindavefurinn</i>. 2. feb. 2006. 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Samræðan á að eiga sér stað einhvern tímann á 3. áratug 5. aldar f. Kr. Mælskulistarkennarinn Gorgías frá Leontíní (um 485-380 f. Kr.) er kominn til Aþenu og þegar samræðan hefst er Gorgías nýbúinn að flytja framsögu. Þeir Sókrates og Kærefón hitta Gorgías ásamt tveimur ungum mönnum, Pólosi og Kallíklesi. <!-- Um Kallíkles má lesa í svari við spurningunni <a href="XXXX" target="_self">Hver var Kallíkles og hvers vegna þótti Sókratesi hann vera geðveikur?</a> --><p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> <center><img src="../myndir/sokrates_i_samraedum.jpg" border=0><br><em>Sókrates í samræðum.</em></center><p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> Sókrates hefur áhuga á að rökræða við Gorgías því hann vill „komast að raun um hjá honum, hvers list hans megni og hvað hann boðar og kennir” eins og Sókrates kemst sjálfur að orði í íslenskri þýðingu Eyjólfs Kjalars Emilssonar (42). Gorgías hafði sagst eiga svar við öllum spurningum. Sókrates fer því að spyrja Gorgías út í eðli mælskulistarinnar en fljótlega vakna þó ýmsar spurningar, meðal annars um réttlæti og ranglæti, um ánægju og ýmislegt fleira. Það kemur í ljós að viðhorf þeirra Gorgíasar, Pólosar og Kallíklesar annars vegar og Sókratesar hins vegar eru í grundvallaratriðum afar ólík og er ágreiningurinn öðru fremur siðfræðilegur. Þar sem megnið af samræðunni fer í að útkljá þennan ágreining má segja að í vissum skilningi fjalli samræðan öðru fremur um siðfræði.<p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> Þegar Gorgías hefur málað sig út í horn tekur Pólos við af honum sem viðmælandi Sókratesar í rökræðunni en þegar Pólos lendir í mótsögn við sjálfan sig tekur Kallíkles við. Á endanum játar Kallíkles sig sigraðan líka, enda þótt lesendum samræðunnar megi vera ljóst að Sókrates hafi varla útkljáð málið í eitt skipti fyrir öll.<p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> <strong>Frekara lesefni á Vísindavefnum eftir sama höfund</strong><p class="br"></p> <ul> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5234" target="_self">Hver var Platon?</a></li> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5288" target="_self">Hver eru helstu ritverk Platons?</a></li> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5377" target="_self">Hverjar voru helstu heimspekihugmyndir Platons?</a></li> <li><a href="svar.asp?id=5274" target="_self">Eru menn aðeins eftirmyndir af hinum fullkomna manni eða konu, líkt og málverk af stól er aðeins eftirmynd af einhverjum ákveðnum stól?</a></li> </ul><p class="br"></p> <strong>Heimildir og mynd</strong><p class="br"></p> <ul> <li>Dodds, E.R., „Introduction” í Plato, <cite>Gorgias</cite>, E.R. Dodds (ritstj.) (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959): 1-67. </li> <li>Eyjólfur Kjalar Emilsson, „Inngangur” í Platón, <cite>Gorgías</cite> (Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka bókmenntafélag, 1977, 2. útg. 1991, 3. útg. 1993): 9-37. </li> <li>Guthrie, W.K.C., <cite>A History of Greek Philosophy IV: Plato: The Man and His Dialogues, Earlier Period</cite> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975). </li> <li>Myndin er af <a href="http://jacques.casari.free.fr/capconcours/prog/2003/general.htm" target="_self">Le Programme 2003-2004</a>.</li> </ul>...</p> </div> </div> <div class="md-actions"> <button type="button" value="" class="btn btn-white"><i data-feather="x"></i> Hætta við</button> <button type="submit" value="Senda" class="btn send-button"><i data-feather="check"></i> Senda</button> </div> </form> </div> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> </body> </html>

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