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id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bn.wikipedia.org&uselang=bn" class=""><span>দান করুন</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF&returnto=%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A3+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আপনাকে একটি অ্যাকাউন্ট তৈরি করে প্রবেশ করার পরামর্শ দেওয়া হচ্ছে; তবে এটা বাধ্যতামূলক নয়" class=""><span>অ্যাকাউন্ট তৈরি করুন</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6&returnto=%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A3+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আপনার প্রবেশ করাটা বাঞ্চনীয়, কিন্তু তা বাধ্যতামূলক নয়। [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>প্রবেশ করুন</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="আরও বিকল্প" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="নিজস্ব সরঞ্জামসমূহ" > <label 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class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>অবদান রাখুন</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF&returnto=%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A3+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আপনাকে একটি অ্যাকাউন্ট তৈরি করে প্রবেশ করার পরামর্শ দেওয়া হচ্ছে; তবে এটা বাধ্যতামূলক নয়"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>অ্যাকাউন্ট তৈরি করুন</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6&returnto=%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A3+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আপনার প্রবেশ করাটা বাঞ্চনীয়, কিন্তু তা বাধ্যতামূলক নয়। [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>প্রবেশ করুন</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> অনিবন্ধিত সম্পাদকের জন্য পাতা <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF:%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" aria-label="সম্পাদনা করা সম্পর্কে আরও জানুন"><span>আরও জানুন</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA" title="এই আইপি ঠিকানা থেকে করা সম্পাদনার উপর আলোচনা [n]" accesskey="n"><span>আলাপ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="সাইট"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="পরিচ্ছেদসমূহ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">পরিচ্ছেদসমূহ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">পার্শ্বদণ্ডে নিন</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">লুকান</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">সূচনা</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-অভ্যন্তরীণ_শক্তির_পরিবর্তন" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#অভ্যন্তরীণ_শক্তির_পরিবর্তন"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">১</span> <span>অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তির পরিবর্তন</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-অভ্যন্তরীণ_শক্তির_পরিবর্তন-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-তথ্যসূত্র" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#তথ্যসূত্র"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">২</span> <span>তথ্যসূত্র</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-তথ্যসূত্র-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="পরিচ্ছেদসমূহ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="সূচিপত্র টগল করুন" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">সূচিপত্র টগল করুন</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তি</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="অন্য ভাষার একটি নিবন্ধে যান। ৬৬টি ভাষায় উপলব্ধ রয়েছে।" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">৬৬টি ভাষা</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="طاقة داخلية - আরবি" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاقة داخلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="আরবি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerx%C3%ADa_interno" title="Enerxía interno - আস্তুরিয়" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enerxía interno" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="আস্তুরিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Унутраная энергія - বেলারুশিয়" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Унутраная энергія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="বেলারুশিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нутраная энэргія - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нутраная энэргія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Вътрешна енергия - বুলগেরিয়" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вътрешна енергия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="বুলগেরিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unutra%C5%A1nja_energija" title="Unutrašnja energija - বসনীয়" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Unutrašnja energija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="বসনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_interna" title="Energia interna - কাতালান" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Energia interna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="কাতালান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="وزەی ناوەکی - মধ্য কুর্দিশ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وزەی ناوەکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="মধ্য কুর্দিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vnit%C5%99n%C3%AD_energie" title="Vnitřní energie - চেক" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vnitřní energie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="চেক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Шалти энерги - চুবাস" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шалти энерги" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="চুবাস" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre_energi" title="Indre energi - ডেনিশ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Indre energi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ডেনিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innere_Energie" title="Innere Energie - জার্মান" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Innere Energie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="জার্মান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Εσωτερική ενέργεια - গ্রিক" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εσωτερική ενέργεια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="গ্রিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_energy" title="Internal energy - ইংরেজি" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Internal energy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ইংরেজি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interna_energio" title="Interna energio - এস্পেরান্তো" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Interna energio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="এস্পেরান্তো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_interna" title="Energía interna - স্প্যানিশ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Energía interna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="স্প্যানিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siseenergia" title="Siseenergia - এস্তোনীয়" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Siseenergia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="এস্তোনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barne_energia" title="Barne energia - বাস্ক" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barne energia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="বাস্ক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="انرژی درونی - ফার্সি" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انرژی درونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ফার্সি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sis%C3%A4energia" title="Sisäenergia - ফিনিশ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sisäenergia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ফিনিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89nergie_interne" title="Énergie interne - ফরাসি" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Énergie interne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ফরাসি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuinneamh_inmhe%C3%A1nach" title="Fuinneamh inmheánach - আইরিশ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fuinneamh inmheánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="আইরিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerx%C3%ADa_interna" title="Enerxía interna - গ্যালিশিয়" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enerxía interna" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="গ্যালিশিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אנרגיה פנימית - হিব্রু" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנרגיה פנימית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="হিব্রু" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE" title="आन्तरिक ऊर्जा - হিন্দি" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आन्तरिक ऊर्जा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="হিন্দি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unutarnja_energija" title="Unutarnja energija - ক্রোয়েশীয়" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Unutarnja energija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ক্রোয়েশীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/En%C3%A8ji_t%C3%A8mik" title="Enèji tèmik - হাইতিয়ান ক্রেওল" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Enèji tèmik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="হাইতিয়ান ক্রেওল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bels%C5%91_energia" title="Belső energia - হাঙ্গেরীয়" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Belső energia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="হাঙ্গেরীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A7%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ներքին էներգիա - আর্মেনিয়" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ներքին էներգիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="আর্মেনিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energi_dalam" title="Energi dalam - ইন্দোনেশীয়" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Energi dalam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ইন্দোনেশীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_interna" title="Energia interna - ইতালিয়" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Energia interna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ইতালিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC" title="内部エネルギー - জাপানি" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="内部エネルギー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="জাপানি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ішкі энергия - কাজাখ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ішкі энергия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="কাজাখ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EB%B6%80_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="내부 에너지 - কোরিয়ান" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="내부 에너지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="কোরিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ички энергия - কির্গিজ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ички энергия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="কির্গিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidin%C4%97_energija" title="Vidinė energija - লিথুয়েনীয়" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vidinė energija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="লিথুয়েনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iek%C5%A1%C4%93j%C4%81_ener%C4%A3ija" title="Iekšējā enerģija - লাত্‌ভীয়" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Iekšējā enerģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="লাত্‌ভীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Внатрешна енергија - ম্যাসিডোনীয়" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Внатрешна енергија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ম্যাসিডোনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%8A%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%82" title="ആന്തരിക ഊർജ്ജം - মালায়ালাম" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആന്തരിക ഊർജ്ജം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="মালায়ালাম" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Дотоод энерги - মঙ্গোলিয়" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дотоод энерги" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="মঙ্গোলিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenaga_dalaman" title="Tenaga dalaman - মালয়" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tenaga dalaman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="মালয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inwendige_energie" title="Inwendige energie - ওলন্দাজ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Inwendige energie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ওলন্দাজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre_energi" title="Indre energi - নরওয়েজিয়ান নিনর্স্ক" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Indre energi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="নরওয়েজিয়ান নিনর্স্ক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre_energi" title="Indre energi - নরওয়েজিয়ান বোকমাল" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Indre energi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="নরওয়েজিয়ান বোকমাল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_int%C3%A8rna" title="Energia intèrna - অক্সিটান" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Energia intèrna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="অক্সিটান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_wewn%C4%99trzna" title="Energia wewnętrzna - পোলিশ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Energia wewnętrzna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="পোলিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_interna" title="Energia interna - পর্তুগীজ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Energia interna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="পর্তুগীজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energie_intern%C4%83" title="Energie internă - রোমানীয়" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Energie internă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="রোমানীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Внутренняя энергия - রুশ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Внутренняя энергия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="রুশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unutarnja_energija" title="Unutarnja energija - সার্বো-ক্রোয়েশিয়" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Unutarnja energija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="সার্বো-ক্রোয়েশিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_energy" title="Internal energy - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Internal energy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vn%C3%BAtorn%C3%A1_energia" title="Vnútorná energia - স্লোভাক" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vnútorná energia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="স্লোভাক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notranja_energija" title="Notranja energija - স্লোভেনীয়" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Notranja energija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="স্লোভেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energjia_e_brendshme" title="Energjia e brendshme - আলবেনীয়" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Energjia e brendshme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="আলবেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unutra%C5%A1nja_energija" title="Unutrašnja energija - সার্বীয়" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Unutrašnja energija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="সার্বীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inre_energi" title="Inre energi - সুইডিশ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Inre energi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="সুইডিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அக ஆற்றல் - তামিল" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அக ஆற்றல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="তামিল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7_enerji" title="İç enerji - তুর্কী" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İç enerji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="তুর্কী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Внутрішня енергія - ইউক্রেনীয়" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Внутрішня енергія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ইউক্রেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichki_energiya" title="Ichki energiya - উজবেক" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ichki energiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="উজবেক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%99i_n%C4%83ng" title="Nội năng - ভিয়েতনামী" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nội năng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ভিয়েতনামী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%83%BD" title="内能 - উ চীনা" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="内能" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="উ চীনা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%83%BD" title="内能 - চীনা" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="内能" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="চীনা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E8%83%BD" title="內能 - Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="內能" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%8De-l%C3%AAng" title="Lōe-lêng - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lōe-lêng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E8%83%BD" title="內能 - ক্যান্টোনিজ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="內能" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ক্যান্টোনিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">অবয়ব</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">পার্শ্বদণ্ডে নিন</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">লুকান</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">উইকিপিডিয়া, মুক্ত বিশ্বকোষ থেকে</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bn" dir="ltr"><p><b>অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তি</b> বলতে কোন বস্তুর কণিকাসমূহের (অণু, পরমাণু) <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="স্পন্দন গতি">স্পন্দন গতি</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="আবর্তন গতি (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">আবর্তন গতি</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="রৈখিক গতি">রৈখিক গতি</a> এবং এদের মধ্যে ক্রিয়াশীল বিভিন্ন প্রকার বলের দরুন উদ্ভূত সৃষ্ট মোট যে <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="শক্তি">শক্তি</a> বস্তুর মধ্যে নিহিত থাকে এবং যে শক্তিকে কাজে ও অন্যান্য শক্তিতে রুপান্তরিত করা যায় তাকে বোঝায়। </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0:Belsohom.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Belsohom.png/220px-Belsohom.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Belsohom.png/330px-Belsohom.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Belsohom.png/440px-Belsohom.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="288" /></a><figcaption>অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তি বনাম তাপমাত্রার গ্রাফচিত্র</figcaption></figure> <table class="infobox" style="width: 20em;"> <caption style="font-size:larger;"><b>অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তি</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td>প্রচলিত প্রতীক </td> <td>U </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আন্তর্জাতিক একক পদ্ধতি">এস.আই. একক</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="জুল">J</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B8.%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87._%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ভৌত এস.আই. একক (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">ভৌত এস.আই. এককে</a> </td> <td>m<sup>2</sup>*kg/s<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>অন্যান্য রাশি হতে উৎপত্তি </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U=\sum _{i}p_{i}E_{i}\!}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <munder> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </munder> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U=\sum _{i}p_{i}E_{i}\!}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/116352eb568fad493d9667631e8628c700a832d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; margin-right: -0.387ex; width:13.107ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U=\sum _{i}p_{i}E_{i}\!}"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="অভ্যন্তরীণ_শক্তির_পরিবর্তন"><span id=".E0.A6.85.E0.A6.AD.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.AF.E0.A6.A8.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.A4.E0.A6.B0.E0.A7.80.E0.A6.A3_.E0.A6.B6.E0.A6.95.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.A4.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AA.E0.A6.B0.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.AC.E0.A6.B0.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.A4.E0.A6.A8"></span>অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তির পরিবর্তন</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF&action=edit&section=1" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তির পরিবর্তন"><span>সম্পাদনা</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>বাস্তবে কোন বস্তুর অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তির পরিমাপ অপেক্ষা অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তির পরিবর্তনের পরিমাপ বেশি কঠিন। কোন বস্তুতে প্রদত্ত যে পরিমাণ তাপ বস্তুর মধ্যে নিহিত থেকে বস্তুর তাপমাত্রার পরিবর্তন ঘটায়, সে পরিমাণ তাপশক্তিকে ঐ বস্তুর অন্তঃস্থ বা অভ্যন্তরীণ শক্তির পরিবর্তন বলে। অভ্যন্তরীণ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="শক্তির পরিবর্তন (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">শক্তির পরিবর্তনকে</a> <span class="texhtml">Δ<i>U</i></span> দ্বারা প্রকাশ করা হয়। </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta U=Q+W_{\mathrm {pressure-volume} }+W_{\mathrm {isochoric} }\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\mathrm {(closed\,\,system,\,\,no\,\,transfer\,\,of\,\,matter)} .}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta U=Q+W_{\mathrm {pressure-volume} }+W_{\mathrm {isochoric} }\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\mathrm {(closed\,\,system,\,\,no\,\,transfer\,\,of\,\,matter)} .}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/897899bb1c37b4aa55f2098b8d19b1c6e35795b8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:91.755ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta U=Q+W_{\mathrm {pressure-volume} }+W_{\mathrm {isochoric} }\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\mathrm {(closed\,\,system,\,\,no\,\,transfer\,\,of\,\,matter)} .}"></span><sup id="cite_ref-Born_146_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Born_146-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>১<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta U=Q+W_{\mathrm {pressure-volume} }+W_{\mathrm {isochoric} }+\Delta U_{\mathrm {matter} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta U=Q+W_{\mathrm {pressure-volume} }+W_{\mathrm {isochoric} }+\Delta U_{\mathrm {matter} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b38bc33d0fd5eb0c56a9a00a1c53ab085f7546e0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:49.166ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta U=Q+W_{\mathrm {pressure-volume} }+W_{\mathrm {isochoric} }+\Delta U_{\mathrm {matter} }}"></span></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {(separate\,\,pathway\,\,for\,\,matter\,\,transfer\,\,from\,\,heat\,\,and\,\,work\,\,transfer\,\,pathways)} .}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {(separate\,\,pathway\,\,for\,\,matter\,\,transfer\,\,from\,\,heat\,\,and\,\,work\,\,transfer\,\,pathways)} .}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1d9c9917e5981c184cc408e9ae541cd1111c7a66" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:80.748ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {(separate\,\,pathway\,\,for\,\,matter\,\,transfer\,\,from\,\,heat\,\,and\,\,work\,\,transfer\,\,pathways)} .}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="তথ্যসূত্র"><span id=".E0.A6.A4.E0.A6.A5.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.AF.E0.A6.B8.E0.A7.82.E0.A6.A4.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0"></span>তথ্যসূত্র</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF&action=edit&section=2" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: তথ্যসূত্র"><span>সম্পাদনা</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7391394">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Born_146-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Born_146_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Max_Born" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Born">Born, M.</a> (1949), Appendix 8, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/naturalphilosoph032159mbp#page/n157/mode/2up">pp. 146–149</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>ড. শাহজাহান তপন, মুহাম্মদ আজিজ হাসান, ড. রানা চৌধুরী (২০০৯), উচ্চ মাধ্যমিক পদার্থবিজ্ঞানঃ হাসানা বুক হাউস, ঢাকা।</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6682028">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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