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aria-controls="toc-Algorithm-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Algorithm subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Algorithm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Determining_which_files_to_send" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Determining_which_files_to_send"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Determining which files to send</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Determining_which_files_to_send-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Determining_which_parts_of_a_file_have_changed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Determining_which_parts_of_a_file_have_changed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Determining which parts of a file have changed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Determining_which_parts_of_a_file_have_changed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-rsync_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#rsync_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>rsync applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-rsync_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9" title="آرسینک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آرسینک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync" title="Rsync – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Rsync" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">rsync</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Newrsynclogo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/11/Newrsynclogo.png/220px-Newrsynclogo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/11/Newrsynclogo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Tridgell" title="Andrew Tridgell">Andrew Tridgell</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Mackerras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Mackerras (page does not exist)">Paul Mackerras</a><sup id="cite_ref-rsyncrel_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsyncrel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Wayne Davison<sup id="cite_ref-rsync-website_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsync-website-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">June 19, 1996<span class="noprint">; 28 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1996-06-19</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-rsyncrel_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsyncrel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">3.4.1<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-31f5fb2f46c9c559a9538aff4eb88dbc83acd65a-v18_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-31f5fb2f46c9c559a9538aff4eb88dbc83acd65a-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283774?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 15 January 2025<span class="noprint">; 36 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">15 January 2025</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/RsyncProject/rsync">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/RsyncProject<wbr />/rsync</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283774#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">Cross-platform</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Data_transfer" class="mw-redirect" title="Data transfer">Data transfer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Differential_backup" title="Differential backup">differential backup</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2007: <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL-3.0-or-later</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NEWS_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEWS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GPL-3.0-or-later_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GPL-3.0-or-later-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GPL.html_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GPL.html-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2007: <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL-3.0-only</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2007: <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL-2.0-only</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />1996: <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL-2.0-or-later</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GPL2.html_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GPL2.html-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/">rsync<wbr />.samba<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283774?uselang=en#P856" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>rsync</b> (remote sync) is a utility for <a href="/wiki/File_transfer" title="File transfer">transferring</a> and <a href="/wiki/File_synchronization" title="File synchronization">synchronizing</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_file" title="Computer file">files</a> between a computer and a storage drive and across <a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">networked</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computers</a> by comparing the <a href="/wiki/Timestamping_(computing)" title="Timestamping (computing)">modification times</a> and sizes of files.<sup id="cite_ref-man_page_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-man_page-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is commonly found on <a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> and is under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL-3.0-or-later</a> license.<sup id="cite_ref-NEWS_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEWS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GPL-3.0-or-later_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GPL-3.0-or-later-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sayood_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sayood-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>rsync is written in <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> as a single-<a href="/wiki/Thread_(computing)" title="Thread (computing)">threaded</a> application.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rsync algorithm is a type of <a href="/wiki/Delta_encoding" title="Delta encoding">delta encoding</a>, and is used for minimizing network usage. <a href="/wiki/Zstd" title="Zstd">Zstandard</a>, <a href="/wiki/LZ4_(compression_algorithm)" title="LZ4 (compression algorithm)">LZ4</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Zlib" title="Zlib">Zlib</a> may be used for additional <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">data compression</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-man_page_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-man_page-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">SSH</a> or <a href="/wiki/Stunnel" title="Stunnel">stunnel</a> can be used for security. </p><p>rsync is typically used for synchronizing files and directories between two different systems. For example, if the command <code>rsync local-file user@remote-host:remote-file</code> is run, rsync will use SSH to connect as <code>user</code> to <code>remote-host</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once connected, it will invoke the remote host's rsync and then the two programs will determine what parts of the local file need to be transferred so that the remote file matches the local one. One application of rsync is the synchronization of <a href="/wiki/Software_repository" title="Software repository">software repositories</a> on <a href="/wiki/Mirror_site" title="Mirror site">mirror sites</a> used by <a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">package management systems</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>rsync can also operate in a <a href="/wiki/Daemon_(computing)" title="Daemon (computing)">daemon</a> mode (rsyncd), serving and receiving files in the native rsync protocol (using the <code>rsync://</code> syntax). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Tridgell" title="Andrew Tridgell">Andrew Tridgell</a> and Paul Mackerras wrote the original rsync, which was first announced on 19 June 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-rsyncrel_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsyncrel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is similar in function and invocation to <b>rdist</b> (<code>rdist -c</code>), created by Ralph Campbell in 1983 and released as part of <a href="/wiki/4.3BSD" class="mw-redirect" title="4.3BSD">4.3BSD</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rdistrel_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rdistrel-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tridgell discusses the design, implementation, and performance of rsync in chapters 3 through 5 of his 1999 <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D.</a> thesis.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag ref" style="display:none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/">[ref]</a></sup>, it is maintained by Wayne Davison.<sup id="cite_ref-rsync-website_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsync-website-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of its flexibility, speed, and scriptability, <code>rsync</code> has become a standard Linux utility, included in all popular Linux distributions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It has been ported to Windows (via <a href="/wiki/Cygwin" title="Cygwin">Cygwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grsync" title="Grsync">Grsync</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Windows_Services_for_UNIX" title="Windows Services for UNIX">SFU</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/NetBSD" title="NetBSD">NetBSD</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/OpenBSD" title="OpenBSD">OpenBSD</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use">Use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to <b><a href="/wiki/Cp_(Unix)" title="Cp (Unix)"><code>cp</code></a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Rcp_(Unix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rcp (Unix)"><code>rcp</code></a></b> and <b><a href="/wiki/Secure_copy" class="mw-redirect" title="Secure copy"><code>scp</code></a></b>, <b><code>rsync</code></b> requires the specification of a source and a destination, of which at least one must be local.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Generic syntax: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>rsync<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>OPTION<span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span>…<span class="w"> </span>SRC<span class="w"> </span>…<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>USER@<span class="o">]</span>HOST:DEST rsync<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>OPTION<span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span>…<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>USER@<span class="o">]</span>HOST:SRC<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>DEST<span class="o">]</span> </pre></div> <p>where <var style="padding-right: 1px;">SRC</var> is the file or directory (or a list of multiple files and directories) to copy from, <var style="padding-right: 1px;">DEST</var> is the file or directory to copy to, and square brackets indicate optional parameters. </p><p><code>rsync</code> can synchronize Unix clients to a central Unix server using <code>rsync</code>/<code>ssh</code> and standard Unix accounts. It can be used in desktop environments, for example to efficiently synchronize files with a backup copy on an external hard drive. A scheduling utility such as <code><a href="/wiki/Cron" title="Cron">cron</a></code> can carry out tasks such as automated encrypted <code>rsync</code>-based mirroring between multiple hosts and a central server. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A command line to mirror <a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a> might look like:<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>rsync<span class="w"> </span>-avz<span class="w"> </span>--delete<span class="w"> </span>ftp4.de.FreeBSD.org::FreeBSD/<span class="w"> </span>/pub/FreeBSD/ </pre></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a> supports rsync only for updating mirrors.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>rsync<span class="w"> </span>-avz<span class="w"> </span>--delete<span class="w"> </span>--safe-links<span class="w"> </span>rsync.apache.org::apache-dist<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/mirror </pre></div> <p>The preferred (and simplest) way to mirror a <a href="/wiki/PuTTY" title="PuTTY">PuTTY</a> website to the current directory is to use rsync.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>rsync<span class="w"> </span>-auH<span class="w"> </span>rsync://rsync.chiark.greenend.org.uk/ftp/users/sgtatham/putty-website-mirror/<span class="w"> </span>. </pre></div> <p>A way to mimic the capabilities of <a href="/wiki/Time_Machine_(macOS)" title="Time Machine (macOS)">Time Machine (macOS)</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">date</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>date<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"+%FT%H-%M-%S"</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># rsync interprets ":" as separator between host and port (i.e. host:port), so we cannot use %T or %H:%M:%S here, so we use %H-%M-%S</span> $<span class="w"> </span>rsync<span class="w"> </span>-aP<span class="w"> </span>--link-dest<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$HOME</span>/Backups/current<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/important_files<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$HOME</span>/Backups/back-<span class="nv">$date</span> $<span class="w"> </span>ln<span class="w"> </span>-nfs<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$HOME</span>/Backups/back-<span class="nv">$date</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$HOME</span>/Backups/current </pre></div> <p>Make a full backup of system root directory:<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>rsync<span class="w"> </span>-avAXHS<span class="w"> </span>--progress<span class="w"> </span>--exclude<span class="o">={</span><span class="s2">"/dev/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/proc/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/sys/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/tmp/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/run/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/mnt/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/media/*"</span>,<span class="s2">"/lost+found"</span><span class="o">}</span><span class="w"> </span>/<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/backup/folder </pre></div> <p>Delete all files and directories, within a directory, extremely fast: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bash mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Make an empty directory somewhere, which is the first path, and the second path is the directory you want to empty.</span> $<span class="w"> </span>rsync<span class="w"> </span>-a<span class="w"> </span>--delete<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/empty/dir<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/dir/to/empty </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Connection">Connection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Connection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An rsync process operates by communicating with another rsync process, a sender and a receiver. At startup, an rsync client connects to a peer process. If the transfer is local (that is, between file systems mounted on the same host) the peer can be created with fork, after setting up suitable pipes for the connection. If a remote host is involved, rsync starts a process to handle the connection, typically <a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">Secure Shell</a>. Upon connection, a command is issued to start an rsync process on the remote host, which uses the connection thus established. As an alternative, if the remote host runs an rsync daemon, rsync clients can connect by opening a socket on TCP port 873, possibly using a proxy.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rsync has numerous command line options and configuration files to specify alternative shells, options, commands, possibly with full path, and port numbers. Besides using remote shells, tunnelling can be used to have remote ports appear as local on the server where an rsync daemon runs. Those possibilities allow adjusting security levels to the state of the art, while a naive rsync daemon can be enough for a local network. </p><p>One solution is the <code><a href="/wiki/Dry_run_(testing)" title="Dry run (testing)">--dry-run</a></code> option, which allows users to validate their <a href="/wiki/Command-line_argument" class="mw-redirect" title="Command-line argument">command-line arguments</a> and to simulate what would happen when copying the data without actually making any changes or transferring any data. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Algorithm">Algorithm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Algorithm"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rsync" title="Special:EditPage/Rsync">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Determining_which_files_to_send">Determining which files to send</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Determining which files to send"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By default, rsync determines which files differ between the sending and receiving systems by checking the modification time and size of each file. If time or size is different between the systems, it transfers the file from the sending to the receiving system. As this only requires reading file directory information, it is quick, but it will miss unusual modifications which change neither.<sup id="cite_ref-man_page_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-man_page-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rsync performs a slower but comprehensive check if invoked with <code>--checksum</code>. This forces a full checksum comparison on every file present on both systems. Barring rare <a href="/wiki/Hash_collision" title="Hash collision">checksum collisions</a>, this avoids the risk of missing changed files at the cost of reading every file present on both systems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Determining_which_parts_of_a_file_have_changed">Determining which parts of a file have changed</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Determining which parts of a file have changed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rsync utility uses an <a href="/wiki/Algorithm" title="Algorithm">algorithm</a> invented by Australian computer programmer <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Tridgell" title="Andrew Tridgell">Andrew Tridgell</a> for efficiently transmitting a structure (such as a file) across a communications link when the receiving computer already has a similar, but not identical, version of the same structure.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The recipient splits its copy of the file into chunks and computes two <a href="/wiki/Checksum" title="Checksum">checksums</a> for each chunk: the <a href="/wiki/MD5" title="MD5">MD5</a> <a href="/wiki/Hash_function" title="Hash function">hash</a>, and a weaker but easier to compute '<a href="/wiki/Rolling_hash" title="Rolling hash">rolling checksum</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It sends these checksums to the sender. </p><p>The sender computes the checksum for each rolling section in its version of the file having the same size as the chunks used by the recipient's. While the recipient calculates the checksum only for chunks starting at full multiples of the chunk size, the sender calculates the checksum for all sections starting at any address. If any such rolling checksum calculated by the sender matches a checksum calculated by the recipient, then this section is a candidate for not transmitting the content of the section, but only the location in the recipient's file instead. In this case, the sender uses the more computationally expensive MD5 hash to verify that the sender's section and recipient's chunk are equal. Note that the section in the sender may not be at the same start address as the chunk at the recipient. This allows efficient transmission of files which differ by insertions and deletions.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sender then sends the recipient those parts of its file that did not match, along with information on where to merge existing blocks into the recipient's version. This makes the copies identical. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Rolling_hash" title="Rolling hash">rolling checksum</a> used in rsync is based on Mark Adler's <a href="/wiki/Adler-32" title="Adler-32">adler-32</a> checksum, which is used in <a href="/wiki/Zlib" title="Zlib">zlib</a>, and is itself based on <a href="/wiki/Fletcher%27s_checksum" title="Fletcher's checksum">Fletcher's checksum</a>. </p><p>If the sender's and recipient's versions of the file have many sections in common, the utility needs to transfer relatively little data to synchronize the files. If typical <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">data compression</a> algorithms are used, files that are similar when uncompressed may be very different when compressed, and thus the entire file will need to be transferred. Some compression programs, such as <a href="/wiki/Gzip" title="Gzip">gzip</a>, provide a special "rsyncable" mode which allows these files to be efficiently rsynced, by ensuring that local changes in the uncompressed file yield only local changes in the compressed file. </p><p>Rsync supports other key features that aid significantly in data transfers or backup. They include compression and decompression of data block by block using <a href="/wiki/Zstd" title="Zstd">Zstandard</a>, <a href="/wiki/LZ4_(compression_algorithm)" title="LZ4 (compression algorithm)">LZ4</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Zlib" title="Zlib">zlib</a>, and support for protocols such as <a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">ssh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stunnel" title="Stunnel">stunnel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="rdiff"></span><span class="vanchor-text">rdiff</span></span></b> utility uses the rsync algorithm to generate <a href="/wiki/Delta_encoding" title="Delta encoding">delta files</a> with the difference from file A to file B (like the utility <a href="/wiki/Diff" title="Diff">diff</a>, but in a different delta format). The delta file can then be applied to file A, turning it into file B (similar to the <a href="/wiki/Patch_(Unix)" title="Patch (Unix)">patch</a> utility). rdiff works well with <a href="/wiki/Binary_file" title="Binary file">binary files</a>. </p><p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Rdiff-backup" title="Rdiff-backup">rdiff-backup</a></b> script maintains a <a href="/wiki/Backup" title="Backup">backup</a> mirror of a file or directory either locally or remotely over the network on another server. rdiff-backup stores incremental rdiff deltas with the backup, with which it is possible to recreate any backup point.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <b>librsync</b> library used by rdiff is an independent implementation of the rsync algorithm. It does not use the rsync network protocol and does not share any code with the rsync application.<sup id="cite_ref-pool_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pool-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is used by <a href="/wiki/Dropbox_(service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dropbox (service)">Dropbox</a>, rdiff-backup, <a href="/wiki/Duplicity_(software)" title="Duplicity (software)">duplicity</a>, and other utilities.<sup id="cite_ref-pool_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pool-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <b>acrosync</b> library is an independent, cross-platform implementation of the rsync network protocol.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike librsync, it is wire-compatible with rsync (protocol version 29 or 30). It is released under the <a href="/wiki/Reciprocal_Public_License" title="Reciprocal Public License">Reciprocal Public License</a> and used by the commercial rsync software <b>Acrosync</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Duplicity_(software)" title="Duplicity (software)">duplicity</a></b> backup software written in <b><a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">python</a></b> allows for incremental backups with simple storage backend services like local file system, <a href="/wiki/SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="SSH File Transfer Protocol">sftp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">Amazon S3</a> and many others. It utilizes librsync to generate delta data against signatures of the previous file versions, encrypting them using <a href="/wiki/GNU_Privacy_Guard" title="GNU Privacy Guard">gpg</a>, and storing them on the backend. For performance reasons a local archive-dir is used to cache backup chain signatures, but can be re-downloaded from the backend if needed. </p><p>As of macOS 10.5 and later, there is a special <code>-E</code> or <code>--extended-attributes</code> switch which allows retaining much of the <a href="/wiki/HFS_Plus" title="HFS Plus">HFS+</a> file metadata when syncing between two machines supporting this feature. This is achieved by transmitting the <a href="/wiki/Resource_Fork" class="mw-redirect" title="Resource Fork">Resource Fork</a> along with the Data Fork.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>zsync</b> is an rsync-like tool optimized for many downloads per file version. zsync is used by Linux distributions such as <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu (operating system)">Ubuntu</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for distributing fast changing beta <a href="/wiki/ISO_image" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO image">ISO image</a> files. zsync uses the HTTP protocol and .zsync files with pre-calculated rolling hash to minimize server load yet permit diff transfer for network optimization.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Rclone" title="Rclone">Rclone</a></b> is an open-source tool inspired by rsync that focuses on cloud and other high latency storage. It supports more than 50 different providers and provides an rsync-like interface for cloud storage.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Rclone does not support rolling checksums for partial file syncing (binary diffs) because cloud storage providers do not usually offer the feature and Rclone avoids storing additional metadata.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="rsync_applications">rsync applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: rsync applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Program</th> <th colspan="3">Operating system</th> <th rowspan="2"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></span></th> <th rowspan="2">Description </th></tr> <tr> <th>Linux</th> <th>macOS</th> <th>Windows </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Back_in_Time_(Linux_software)" title="Back in Time (Linux software)">Back In Time</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/BackupAssist" title="BackupAssist">BackupAssist</a></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td>Direct mirror or with history, VSS. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CwRsync" title="CwRsync">cwRsync</a></td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No</td> <td>Based on <a href="/wiki/Cygwin" title="Cygwin">Cygwin</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grsync" title="Grsync">Grsync</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td>Graphical Interface for rsync. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/LuckyBackup" title="LuckyBackup">LuckyBackup</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rclone" title="Rclone">rclone</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>Inspired by rsync and supports more than 50 cloud storage providers and other high latency storage services. Does not actually use rsync or support rolling checksums and partial file synchronization. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dragoman.org/tym">tym</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td>Time rsYnc Machine – backup à la <a href="/wiki/Time_Machine_(macOS)" title="Time Machine (macOS)">Time Machine</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a> script </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unison_(software)" title="Unison (software)">Unison</a></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/28px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/42px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/56px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Free_and_open-source_software" title="Portal:Free and open-source software">Free and open-source software portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casync" title="Casync">casync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Differential_Compression" title="Remote Differential Compression">Remote Differential Compression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers" title="List of TCP and UDP port numbers">List of TCP and UDP port numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grsync" title="Grsync">Grsync</a> – App based on RSync but with graphical user interface</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_file_synchronization_software" title="Comparison of file synchronization software">Comparison of file synchronization software</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">GPL-3.0-or-later since 2007-07-10, pre-release 3.0.0pre1 on 2007-10-05, stable 3.0.0 on 2008-03-01.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">GPL-3.0-only from 2007-07-07 until 2007-07-09.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">GPL-2.0-only from 2007-02-04 until 2007-07-07.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">GPL-2.0-or-later from 1996-06-16 until 2007-01-31, versions 0.1 to 2.6.9.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rsyncrel-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rsyncrel_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsyncrel_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsyncrel_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTridgell1996" class="citation newsgroup cs1">Tridgell, Andrew (19 June 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.announce/msg/3bb93f6484065f20">"First release of rsync – rcp replacement"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Usenet_newsgroup" title="Usenet newsgroup">Newsgroup</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="news:comp.os.linux.announce">comp.os.linux.announce</a>. <a href="/wiki/Usenet_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Usenet (identifier)">Usenet:</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="news:cola-liw-835153950-21793-0@liw.clinet.fi">cola-liw-835153950-21793-0@liw.clinet.fi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111108064132/http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.announce/msg/3bb93f6484065f20">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+release+of+rsync+%E2%80%93+rcp+replacement&rft.pub=comp.os.linux.announce&rft.date=1996-06-19&rft_id=news%3Acola-liw-835153950-21793-0%40liw.clinet.fi%23id-name%3DUsenet%3A&rft.aulast=Tridgell&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fgroup%2Fcomp.os.linux.announce%2Fmsg%2F3bb93f6484065f20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rsync-website-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rsync-website_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsync-website_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org">"rsync"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141127111140/http://rsync.samba.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=rsync&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frsync.samba.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-31f5fb2f46c9c559a9538aff4eb88dbc83acd65a-v18-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-31f5fb2f46c9c559a9538aff4eb88dbc83acd65a-v18_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.samba.org/archive/rsync-announce/2025/000121.html">"[rsync-announce] rsync 3.4.1 released"</a>. 15 January 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5Brsync-announce%5D+rsync+3.4.1+released&rft.date=2025-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flists.samba.org%2Farchive%2Frsync-announce%2F2025%2F000121.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NEWS-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NEWS_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEWS_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/NEWS#3.0.0">"News"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdownload.samba.org%2Fpub%2Frsync%2FNEWS%233.0.0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GPL-3.0-or-later-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GPL-3.0-or-later_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GPL-3.0-or-later_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.samba.org/rsync.git/?p=rsync.git;a=commitdiff;h=8e41b68e8f975c02a5d9281be780ba5d1a385107">"tweaking the license text a bit more"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=tweaking+the+license+text+a+bit+more&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgit.samba.org%2Frsync.git%2F%3Fp%3Drsync.git%3Ba%3Dcommitdiff%3Bh%3D8e41b68e8f975c02a5d9281be780ba5d1a385107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GPL.html-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GPL.html_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/GPL.html">"rsync's license"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=rsync%27s+license&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsync.samba.org%2FGPL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GPL2.html-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GPL2.html_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/GPL2.html">"rsync's license"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=rsync%27s+license&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frsync.samba.org%2FGPL2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-man_page-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-man_page_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-man_page_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-man_page_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linux.die.net/man/1/rsync">"rsync(1) – Linux man page"</a>. <i>linux.die.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101060106/https://linux.die.net/man/1/rsync">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=linux.die.net&rft.atitle=rsync%281%29+%E2%80%93+Linux+man+page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinux.die.net%2Fman%2F1%2Frsync&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sayood-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sayood_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSayood2002" class="citation book cs1">Sayood, Khalid (18 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Duz1wQEBkb8C&q=rsync+widely+used&pg=PA280"><i>Lossless compression handbook</i></a>. Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780080510491" title="Special:BookSources/9780080510491"><bdi>9780080510491</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lossless+compression+handbook&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2002-12-18&rft.isbn=9780080510491&rft.aulast=Sayood&rft.aufirst=Khalid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDuz1wQEBkb8C%26q%3Drsync%2Bwidely%2Bused%26pg%3DPA280&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/springer_10.1007-1-4020-2258-1"><i>Web content caching and distribution: proceedings of the 8th International Workshop</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. 2004. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/springer_10.1007-1-4020-2258-1/page/n323">316</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781402022579" title="Special:BookSources/9781402022579"><bdi>9781402022579</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>. <q>rsync widely used.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Web+content+caching+and+distribution%3A+proceedings+of+the+8th+International+Workshop&rft.pages=316&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781402022579&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspringer_10.1007-1-4020-2258-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rasch, David; Burns, Randal; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hssl.cs.jhu.edu/ip-rsync/ip-rsync.pdf"><i>In-Place Rsync: File Synchronization for Mobile and Wireless Devices</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160413200016/http://hssl.cs.jhu.edu/ip-rsync/ip-rsync.pdf">Archived</a> 13 April 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDempseyWeiss1999" class="citation journal cs1">Dempsey, Bert J.; Weiss, Debra (30 April 1999). "Towards an Efficient, Scalable Replication Mechanism for the I2-DSI Project". <i>Technical Report TR-1999-01</i>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.95.5042">10.1.1.95.5042</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Report+TR-1999-01&rft.atitle=Towards+an+Efficient%2C+Scalable+Replication+Mechanism+for+the+I2-DSI+Project&rft.date=1999-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.95.5042%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft.aulast=Dempsey&rft.aufirst=Bert+J.&rft.au=Weiss%2C+Debra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24058544/speed-up-rsync-with-simultaneous-concurrent-file-transfers">"Bash - Speed up rsync with Simultaneous/Concurrent File Transfers? - Stack Overflow"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190806235906/https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24058544/speed-up-rsync-with-simultaneous-concurrent-file-transfers">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bash+-+Speed+up+rsync+with+Simultaneous%2FConcurrent+File+Transfers%3F+-+Stack+Overflow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstackoverflow.com%2Fquestions%2F24058544%2Fspeed-up-rsync-with-simultaneous-concurrent-file-transfers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://troy.jdmz.net/rsync/index.html">"Using Rsync and SSH"</a>. Troy.jdmz.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Using+Rsync+and+SSH&rft.pub=Troy.jdmz.net&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftroy.jdmz.net%2Frsync%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/server/mirror.html">"Using and running mirrors"</a>. GNU Project. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200416235132/https://www.gnu.org/server/mirror.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Using+and+running+mirrors&rft.pub=GNU+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fserver%2Fmirror.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/CreatePublicMirrors">"How to create public mirrors for CentOS"</a>. CentOS wiki. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200401031641/https://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/CreatePublicMirrors">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+create+public+mirrors+for+CentOS&rft.pub=CentOS+wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.centos.org%2FHowTos%2FCreatePublicMirrors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rdistrel-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rdistrel_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rdist&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+1.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html">"rdist(1)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=rdist%281%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fman.freebsd.org%2Fcgi%2Fman.cgi%3Fquery%3Drdist%26apropos%3D0%26sektion%3D0%26manpath%3DFreeBSD%2B1.0-RELEASE%26arch%3Ddefault%26format%3Dhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tridgell, Andrew; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/~tridge/phd_thesis.pdf"><i>Efficient Algorithms for Sorting and Synchronization</i></a>, February 1999, retrieved 29 September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406032657/http://www.suacommunity.com/tool_warehouse.aspx">"Tool Warehouse"</a>. <i>SUA Community</i>. Archived from the original on 6 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SUA+Community&rft.atitle=Tool+Warehouse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.suacommunity.com%2Ftool_warehouse.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svnweb.freebsd.org/ports/head/net/rsync/pkg-descr?view=markup">"FreeBSD Ports"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FreeBSD+Ports&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsvnweb.freebsd.org%2Fports%2Fhead%2Fnet%2Frsync%2Fpkg-descr%3Fview%3Dmarkup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/current/pkgsrc/net/rsync/README.html">"NetBSD Ports"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161025110838/http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/current/pkgsrc/net/rsync/README.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NetBSD+Ports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftp.netbsd.org%2Fpub%2Fpkgsrc%2Fcurrent%2Fpkgsrc%2Fnet%2Frsync%2FREADME.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/ports/net/rsync/">"OpenBSD Ports"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OpenBSD+Ports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcvsweb.openbsd.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcvsweb%2Fports%2Fnet%2Frsync%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/ftp/rsync/README">README file</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071210003559/http://rsync.samba.org/ftp/rsync/README">Archived</a> 10 December 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/hubs/mirror-howto.html">"How to Mirror FreeBSD (With rsync)"</a>. Freebsd.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Mirror+FreeBSD+%28With+rsync%29&rft.pub=Freebsd.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freebsd.org%2Fdoc%2Fen%2Farticles%2Fhubs%2Fmirror-howto.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apache.org/info/how-to-mirror.html">"How to become a mirror for the Apache Software Foundation"</a>. Apache.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140821040343/http://www.apache.org/info/how-to-mirror.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+become+a+mirror+for+the+Apache+Software+Foundation&rft.pub=Apache.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apache.org%2Finfo%2Fhow-to-mirror.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/mirrors.html#guidelines">"PuTTY Web Site Mirrors: Mirroring guidelines"</a>. Chiark.greenend.org.uk. 20 December 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090430/http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/mirrors.html#guidelines">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PuTTY+Web+Site+Mirrors%3A+Mirroring+guidelines&rft.pub=Chiark.greenend.org.uk&rft.date=2007-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chiark.greenend.org.uk%2F~sgtatham%2Fputty%2Fmirrors.html%23guidelines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.interlinked.org/tutorials/rsync_time_machine.html">"Rsync set up to run like Time Machine"</a>. Blog.interlinked.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071115224128/http://blog.interlinked.org/tutorials/rsync_time_machine.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 November 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rsync+set+up+to+run+like+Time+Machine&rft.pub=Blog.interlinked.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.interlinked.org%2Ftutorials%2Frsync_time_machine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Full_system_backup_with_rsync">"Full system backup with rsync"</a>. wiki.archlinux.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150211163817/https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Full_System_Backup_with_rsync">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Full+system+backup+with+rsync&rft.pub=wiki.archlinux.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.archlinux.org%2Findex.php%2FFull_system_backup_with_rsync&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/how-rsync-works.html">"How Rsync Works"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161216173537/http://rsync.samba.org/how-rsync-works.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Rsync+Works&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsync.samba.org%2Fhow-rsync-works.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tutorials.jenkov.com/rsync/overview.html">"RSync – Overview"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170410213853/http://tutorials.jenkov.com/rsync/overview.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RSync+%E2%80%93+Overview&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftutorials.jenkov.com%2Frsync%2Foverview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080320001756/http://rsync.samba.org/ftp/rsync/src/rsync-3.0.0-NEWS">"News for rsync 3.0.0"</a>. 1 March 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/ftp/rsync/src/rsync-3.0.0-NEWS">the original</a> on 20 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=News+for+rsync+3.0.0&rft.date=2008-03-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frsync.samba.org%2Fftp%2Frsync%2Fsrc%2Frsync-3.0.0-NEWS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman_Ramsey" class="citation web cs1">Norman Ramsey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.tufts.edu/~nr/rsync.html">"The Rsync Algorithm"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Rsync+Algorithm&rft.au=Norman+Ramsey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.tufts.edu%2F~nr%2Frsync.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rdiff-backup.net/">rdiff-backup</a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pool-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pool_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pool_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pool, Martin; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://librsync.sourcefrog.net/">"librsync"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131209003912/http://librsync.sourcefrog.net/">Archived</a> 9 December 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Gilbert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/gilbertchen/acrosync-library">"acrosync-library"</a>. github.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170210051004/https://github.com/gilbertchen/acrosync-library">Archived</a> from the original on 10 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=acrosync-library&rft.pub=github.com&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Gilbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgilbertchen%2Facrosync-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acrosync.com">"acrosync.com"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191220113527/http://acrosync.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=acrosync.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facrosync.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120926232217/http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man1/rsync.1.html">"Mac Developer Library"</a>. Developer.apple.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man1/rsync.1.html">the original</a> on 26 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mac+Developer+Library&rft.pub=Developer.apple.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.apple.com%2Flibrary%2Fmac%2F%23documentation%2FDarwin%2FReference%2FManPages%2Fman1%2Frsync.1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ZsyncCdImage">"Zsync Cd Image"</a>. <i>ubuntu.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ubuntu.com&rft.atitle=Zsync+Cd+Image&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelp.ubuntu.com%2Fcommunity%2FZsyncCdImage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zsync.moria.org.uk">zsync web site</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraig-Wood" class="citation web cs1">Craig-Wood, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rclone.org/overview/">"Overview of cloud storage systems"</a>. <i>rclone.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171004030724/https://rclone.org/overview/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rclone.org&rft.atitle=Overview+of+cloud+storage+systems&rft.aulast=Craig-Wood&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frclone.org%2Foverview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraig-Wood" class="citation web cs1">Craig-Wood, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rclone.org/faq/#why-doesn-t-rclone-support-partial-transfers-binary-diffs-like-rsync">"Rclone Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. <i>rclone.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220510195418/https://rclone.org/faq/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rclone.org&rft.atitle=Rclone+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.aulast=Craig-Wood&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frclone.org%2Ffaq%2F%23why-doesn-t-rclone-support-partial-transfers-binary-diffs-like-rsync&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/grsync-win/">"Grsync for Windows"</a>. <i>SourceForge</i>. 12 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190324193643/https://sourceforge.net/projects/grsync-win/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SourceForge&rft.atitle=Grsync+for+Windows&rft.date=2016-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fgrsync-win%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARsync" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rsync&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283774#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsync.samba.org/tech_report/">Rsync algorithm</a> – 1998-11-09</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.samba.org/~tridge/phd_thesis.pdf">Doctoral thesis introducing the Rsync algorithm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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