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id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For similarly-titled works, see <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (disambiguation)">Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><i><b>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</b></i> (<i><b>SFE</b></i>) is an English language <a href="/wiki/Reference_work" title="Reference work">reference work</a> on <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a>, first published in 1979. It has won the <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus</a> and <a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award" title="BSFA Award">British SF</a> Awards. Two print editions appeared in 1979 and 1993. A third, continuously revised, edition was published online from 2011; a change of web host was announced as the launch of a fourth edition in 2021. </p><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pub=%3Cdiv+class%3D%22plainlist+%22+%3E%0A%2A+%5B%5BGranada+plc%7CGranada%5D%5D%2C+1979%0A%2A+%5B%5BSt.+Martin%27s+Press%5D%5D%2C+1993%2C+1995%0A%2A+%5B%5BOrbit+Books%5D%5D%2C+1993%2C+1999%0A%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=%3Cdiv+class%3D%22plainlist+%22+%3E%0A%2A+672+pp%2C+1979%0A%2A+1370+pp%2C+1993%0A%2A+1386+pp%2C+1995%0A%2A+1396+pp%2C+1999%0A%0A%3C%2Fdiv%3E&rft_id=info:oclcnum/365133329"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_(first_edition).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cover of the original 1979 edition"><img alt="Cover of the original 1979 edition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/10/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_%28first_edition%29.jpg/200px-The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_%28first_edition%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/10/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_%28first_edition%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="384"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cover of the first edition</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Nicholls_(writer)" title="Peter Nicholls (writer)">Peter Nicholls</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">John Clute</a>; <br><a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">David Langford</a> from 2011</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subject</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Granada_plc" title="Granada plc">Granada</a>, 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press" title="St. Martin's Press">St. Martin's Press</a>, 1993, 1995</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbit_Books" title="Orbit Books">Orbit Books</a>, 1993, 1999</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Print (1979, 1993, 1995, 1999)</li> <li>CD-ROM (1995)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Online</a> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pages</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>672 pp, 1979</li> <li>1370 pp, 1993</li> <li>1386 pp, 1995</li> <li>1396 pp, 1999</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)"><abbr title="Online Computer Library Center number">OCLC</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/365133329">365133329</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Decimal_Classification" title="Dewey Decimal Classification">Dewey Decimal</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">809.3876203</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/LCC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCC (identifier)"><abbr title="Library of Congress Classification">LC Class</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">PN3433.4</td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#First_edition"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">First edition</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Second_edition"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Second edition</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Third_edition"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Third edition</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Fourth_edition"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Fourth edition</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Contents"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Contents</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Reception"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Reception</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Awards"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Awards</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Publications"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Publications</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg/220px-Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4962" data-file-height="2801"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg/220px-Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg/330px-Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg/440px-Encyclopedia_of_SF_trio.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Malcolm Edwards, John Clute and Peter Nicholls discussing the early days of <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> at <a href="/wiki/72nd_World_Science_Fiction_Convention" title="72nd World Science Fiction Convention">Loncon 3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Worldcon" title="Worldcon">Worldcon</a> 2014</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_edition">First edition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First edition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The first edition, edited by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Nicholls_(writer)" title="Peter Nicholls (writer)">Peter Nicholls</a> with <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">John Clute</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-independent_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was published by <a href="/wiki/Granada_plc" title="Granada plc">Granada</a> in 1979. It was retitled <i>The Science Fiction Encyclopedia</i> when published by <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a> in the United States. Accompanying its text were numerous black and white photographs illustrating authors, book and magazine covers, film and TV stills, and examples of artists' work.<sup id="cite_ref-foundation-1993_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foundation-1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_edition">Second edition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second edition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A second edition, jointly edited by Nicholls and Clute, was published in 1993 by <a href="/wiki/Orbit_Books" title="Orbit Books">Orbit</a> in the UK and <a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press" title="St. Martin's Press">St. Martin's Press</a> in the US. The second edition contained 1.3 million words, almost twice the 700,000 words of the 1979 edition.<sup id="cite_ref-pw_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1995 paperback edition included a sixteen-page <a href="/wiki/Addendum" title="Addendum">addendum</a> (dated "7 August 1995"). Unlike the first edition, the print versions did not contain illustrations. There was also a CD-ROM version in 1995, styled variously as <i>The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> and <i>Grolier Science Fiction</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tor-2020_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tor-2020-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This contained text updates through 1995, hundreds of book covers and author photos, a small number of old film trailers, and author video clips taken from the <a href="/wiki/TVOntario" class="mw-redirect" title="TVOntario">TVOntario</a> series <i><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_Gravity" title="Prisoners of Gravity">Prisoners of Gravity</a></i>. </p><p>The companion volume, published after the second print edition and following its format closely, is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Fantasy" title="The Encyclopedia of Fantasy">The Encyclopedia of Fantasy</a></i> edited by John Clute and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Le_Page_Barnett" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Le Page Barnett">John Grant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tor-2020_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tor-2020-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Third_edition">Third edition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Third edition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In July 2011, <a href="/wiki/Orion_Publishing_Group" title="Orion Publishing Group">Orion Publishing Group</a> announced that the third edition of <i>The Science Fiction Encyclopedia</i> would be released online later that year by SFE Ltd in association with <a href="/wiki/Victor_Gollancz_Ltd" title="Victor Gollancz Ltd">Victor Gollancz</a>, Orion's science fiction imprint. The "beta text" of the third edition launched online on 2 October 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-Beta_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beta-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with editors John Clute, <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">David Langford</a>, Peter Nicholls (as editor emeritus until his death in 2018) and Graham Sleight. </p><p>The encyclopedia is updated regularly (usually several times a week) by the editorial team with material written by themselves and contributed by science fiction academics and experts.<sup id="cite_ref-independent_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It received the <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Related_Work" title="Hugo Award for Best Related Work">Hugo Award for Best Related Work</a> in 2012. Though the <i>SFE</i> is a composite work with a considerable number of contributors, the three main editors (Clute, Langford and Nicholls) have themselves written almost two-thirds of the 5.2 million words to date (September 2016), giving a sense of unity to the whole.<sup id="cite_ref-Tor-2020_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tor-2020-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fourth_edition">Fourth edition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fourth edition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The <i>Encyclopedia</i> ended its arrangement with Orion on 29 September 2021 and moved to a new, self-owned web server. The move was completed by 6 October 2021, and announced as the launch of the fourth edition. While based on the earlier design, the new edition incorporates a number of revisions; for instance, many author entries now include thumbnails of the author's book covers, randomly selected from the relevant Gallery pages.<sup id="cite_ref-file770-2021_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-file770-2021-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Contents" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p><i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> contains entries under the categories of authors, themes, terminology, science fiction in various countries, films, filmmakers, television, magazines, fanzines, comics, illustrators, book publishers, original anthologies, awards, and miscellaneous.<sup id="cite_ref-Notes_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Notes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The online edition of <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> was released in October 2011 with 12,230 entries, totaling 3,200,000 words. The editors predicted that it would contain 4,000,000 words upon completion of the first round of updates at the end of 2012; this figure was actually reached in January 2013, and 5,000,000 words in November 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Intro_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Intro-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Reception" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Writer <a href="/wiki/Ian_Watson_(author)" title="Ian Watson (author)">Ian Watson</a> reviewed the first edition in 1980, the journal <i><a href="/wiki/Foundation_(journal)" title="Foundation (journal)">Foundation</a></i>. Watson noted his positive surprise that the publication contains much smaller amount of errors than expected, and noted that its format allows for easy correction of those in the expected second edition. He concluded that the "volume <i>is</i> a genuine encyclopedia - the first such. It is the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a></i> of the sf field", positively commenting on the breadth and scope of the entries, and even the illustrations, which are informative, and not just decorations.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Edward_James" title="Edward James">Edward James</a>, a British scholar of medieval history and science fiction, praised the second edition of the encyclopedia in his review (also for the journal <i><a href="/wiki/Foundation_(journal)" title="Foundation (journal)">Foundation</a></i>) in 1993, writing that it is "the one indispensable volume on every sf readers' shelf: not only the best reference work in the field, but one of the best reference works I have seen in ''any'' field". Edwards did, however, found the "sneering" tone of some film entries (de facto film reviews) less than ideal for an encyclopedia. James also noted that although the project is a collaborative effort, nearly half of the entries for that edition have been written by Clute, which he saw as a very impressive achievement on his part.<sup id="cite_ref-foundation-1993_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foundation-1993-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writer <a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Gary Westfahl</a> also reviewed the second edition, for the journal <i><a href="/wiki/Extrapolation_(journal)" title="Extrapolation (journal)">Extrapolation</a></i>. He called it "an invaluable compendium of and contribution to fifty years of science fiction research", representing "a true conceptual breakthrough" for the field of <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_studies" title="Science fiction studies">science fiction studies</a>, and noted that even more than the encyclopedia's previous edition, this one "is the one essential reference book for anyone interested in science fiction". He also predicted that "this work will justifiably be cited in all studies of science fiction during the next decade, and those studies will be significantly better because of Clute and Nicholl's painstaking work". Nonetheless he noted that the volume is not perfect, and contains some errors as well as several entries on novel topics that could use more grounding in prior research before being written about in an encyclopedia".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ruddock" title="Nicholas Ruddock">Nicholas Ruddick</a> briefly commented on the second edition, noting that it has been "highly praised".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Briefly commenting on the third edition, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_M._Butler" title="Andrew M. Butler">Andrew M. Butler</a> called it "a gold standard for reference works in the field".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The encyclopedia also received several other reviews, by writers and scholars such as <a href="/wiki/Gary_K._Wolfe" title="Gary K. Wolfe">Gary K. Wolfe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_D%27Ammassa" title="Don D'Ammassa">Don D'Ammassa</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_G._Hartwell" title="David G. Hartwell">David G. Hartwell</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Awards" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th>Edition </th> <th>Awards<sup id="cite_ref-SFADB_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFADB-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1st ed. (1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Award</a> for Best Non-Fiction Book <br> <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus Award</a> for Best Related Non-Fiction </td></tr> <tr> <td>2nd ed. (1993) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Award</a> for Best Non-Fiction Book <br> <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus Award</a> for Best Non-Fiction <br> <a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award" title="BSFA Award">BSFA Award</a> (Special Award) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3rd ed. (2011) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Award</a> for Best Related Work <br> <a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award" title="BSFA Award">BSFA Award</a> for Best Non-Fiction </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Publications" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li>First edition: <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1">Nicholls, Peter, ed. (1979). <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction: An Illustrated A to Z</i>. St Albans, Herts, UK: Granada Publishing Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-246-11020-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-246-11020-6"><bdi>978-0-246-11020-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction%3A+An+Illustrated+A+to+Z&rft.place=St+Albans%2C+Herts%2C+UK&rft.pub=Granada+Publishing+Ltd.&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-246-11020-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span> 672 pp.<sup id="cite_ref-isfdb1979_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isfdb1979-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Second edition: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter, eds. (1993). <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> (2nd ed.). London: Orbit Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85723-124-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85723-124-3"><bdi>978-1-85723-124-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Orbit+Books&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-1-85723-124-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span> xxxvi + 1370 pp.<sup id="cite_ref-isfdb_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isfdb-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter, eds. (1995). <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> (2nd ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-13486-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-13486-0"><bdi>978-0-312-13486-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-312-13486-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span> xxxvi + 1386 pp.<sup id="cite_ref-isfdb_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isfdb-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter, eds. (1995). <i>The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> (<a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>) (2nd ed.). Danbury, CT: Grolier Science Fiction. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7172-3999-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7172-3999-3"><bdi>978-0-7172-3999-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Multimedia+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.place=Danbury%2C+CT&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Grolier+Science+Fiction&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-7172-3999-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-isfdb_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isfdb-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter, eds. (1999). <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> (2nd ed.). London: Orbit Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85723-897-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85723-897-6"><bdi>978-1-85723-897-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Orbit+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-85723-897-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span> xxxvi + 1396 pp.<sup id="cite_ref-isfdb_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isfdb-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Third edition: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Clute, John; Langford, David; Nicholls, Peter; Sleight, Graham, eds. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111219220751/http://sf-encyclopedia.com/"><i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></a> (3rd ed.). London: Gollancz. Archived from the original on 19 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.place=London&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Gollancz&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf-encyclopedia.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></li></ul></li> <li>Fourth edition: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Clute, John; Langford, David, eds. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/"><i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></a> (4th ed.). London and Reading: SFE Ltd and Ansible Editions<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.place=London+and+Reading&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=SFE+Ltd+and+Ansible+Editions&rft.date=2021&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf-encyclopedia.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sf-userbox.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/28px-Sf-userbox.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/28px-Sf-userbox.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/42px-Sf-userbox.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/56px-Sf-userbox.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Science fiction">Science fiction portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Fantasy" title="The Encyclopedia of Fantasy">The Encyclopedia of Fantasy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_(1978_book)" title="Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (1978 book)"><i>Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i> (1978 book)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Greenwood_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy" title="The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Visual_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Visual Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Visual Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em ;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-independent-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-independent_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDebnath" class="citation web cs1">Debnath, Neela. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150706014644/http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2011/12/11/%E2%80%98the-encyclopedia-of-science-fiction%E2%80%99-makes-internet-debut/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction' makes internet debut"</a>. <i>The Independent Blogs</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2011/12/11/%E2%80%98the-encyclopedia-of-science-fiction%E2%80%99-makes-internet-debut/">the original</a> on 6 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent+Blogs&rft.atitle=%27The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction%27+makes+internet+debut&rft.aulast=Debnath&rft.aufirst=Neela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.independent.co.uk%2F2011%2F12%2F11%2F%25E2%2580%2598the-encyclopedia-of-science-fiction%25E2%2580%2599-makes-internet-debut%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-foundation-1993-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-foundation-1993_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-foundation-1993_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1993" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_James_(historian)" title="Edward James (historian)">James, Edward</a> (1993). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/openview/3764540f370c8ea93ad44e9fbc06854a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1816914">"Review: John Clute and Peter Nicholls, eds. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Foundation_(journal)" title="Foundation (journal)">Foundation</a></i>. <b>58</b>: 100–103.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foundation&rft.atitle=Review%3A+John+Clute+and+Peter+Nicholls%2C+eds.+The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.volume=58&rft.pages=100-103&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fopenview%2F3764540f370c8ea93ad44e9fbc06854a%2F1%3Fpq-origsite%3Dgscholar%26cbl%3D1816914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pw-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pw_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox2011" class="citation news cs1">Fox, Rose (6 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707224650/http://blogs.publishersweekly.com/blogs/genreville/?p=1337">"Encyclopedia of Science Fiction Goes Digital, Searchable, and Free"</a>. <i>Publishers Weekly Blog</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.publishersweekly.com/blogs/genreville/?p=1337">the original</a> on 7 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publishers+Weekly+Blog&rft.atitle=Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction+Goes+Digital%2C+Searchable%2C+and+Free&rft.date=2011-07-06&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Rose&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.publishersweekly.com%2Fblogs%2Fgenreville%2F%3Fp%3D1337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tor-2020-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tor-2020_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tor-2020_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tor-2020_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicoll2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Nicoll" title="James Nicoll">Nicoll, James Davis</a> (10 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tor.com/2020/04/10/all-hail-the-science-fiction-encyclopedia-bringer-of-knowledge/">"All Hail The Science Fiction Encyclopedia, Bringer of Knowledge!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tor.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor.com">Tor.com</a></i>. Macmillan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tor.com&rft.atitle=All+Hail+The+Science+Fiction+Encyclopedia%2C+Bringer+of+Knowledge%21&rft.date=2020-04-10&rft.aulast=Nicoll&rft.aufirst=James+Davis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tor.com%2F2020%2F04%2F10%2Fall-hail-the-science-fiction-encyclopedia-bringer-of-knowledge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beta-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beta_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/news/sfe-beta-text-launches/">"SFE Beta Text launches"</a>. <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i>. 2 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=SFE+Beta+Text+launches&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.date=2011-10-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf-encyclopedia.com%2Fnews%2Fsfe-beta-text-launches%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-file770-2021-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-file770-2021_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlyer2021" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Glyer" title="Mike Glyer">Glyer, Mike</a> (6 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://file770.com/new-publisher-and-other-changes-herald-encyclopedia-of-science-fictions-fourth-edition/">"New Publisher and Other Changes Herald Encyclopedia of Science Fiction's Fourth Edition"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/File_770" title="File 770">File 770</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=File+770&rft.atitle=New+Publisher+and+Other+Changes+Herald+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction%27s+Fourth+Edition&rft.date=2021-10-06&rft.aulast=Glyer&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffile770.com%2Fnew-publisher-and-other-changes-herald-encyclopedia-of-science-fictions-fourth-edition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Notes-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Notes_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/notes_on_content">"Notes on Content"</a>. <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i>. 3 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Notes+on+Content&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.date=2013-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fnotes_on_content&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Intro-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Intro_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/introduction_to_the_third_edition">"Introduction to the Third Edition"</a>. <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i>. 14 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+the+Third+Edition&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.date=2013-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fintroduction_to_the_third_edition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson1980" class="citation journal cs1">Watson, Ian (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fanac.org/fanzines/Foundation/foundation_18_edwards_1980-01.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" ed. Peter Nicholls and John Clute (Book Review)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Foundation</i>. <b>18</b>: 103–105.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foundation&rft.atitle=%22The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction%22+ed.+Peter+Nicholls+and+John+Clute+%28Book+Review%29&rft.volume=18&rft.pages=103-105&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffanac.org%2Ffanzines%2FFoundation%2Ffoundation_18_edwards_1980-01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestfahl1994" class="citation journal cs1">Westfahl, Gary (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/1304228458">"CLUTE, JOHN and PETER NICHOLS, eds., The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (Book Review)"</a>. <i>Extrapolation</i>. <b>35</b> (1): 77–80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3828%2Fextr.1994.35.1.77">10.3828/extr.1994.35.1.77</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1304228458">1304228458</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Extrapolation&rft.atitle=CLUTE%2C+JOHN+and+PETER+NICHOLS%2C+eds.%2C+The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction+%28Book+Review%29&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=77-80&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3828%2Fextr.1994.35.1.77&rft.aulast=Westfahl&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F1304228458&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuddick1996" class="citation journal cs1">Ruddick, Nicholas (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20719532">"Review of Science Fiction: The Illustrated Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>Utopian Studies</i>. <b>7</b> (2): 241–243. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1045-991X">1045-991X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20719532">20719532</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Utopian+Studies&rft.atitle=Review+of+Science+Fiction%3A+The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=241-243&rft.date=1996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20719532%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1045-991X&rft.aulast=Ruddick&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20719532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButler2013" class="citation book cs1">Butler, Andrew M. (28 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cVAQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA173">"Science Fiction Criticism"</a>. In Hubble, Nick; Mousoutzanis, Aris (eds.). <i>The Science Fiction Handbook</i>. A&C Black. p. 173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4725-3897-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4725-3897-0"><bdi>978-1-4725-3897-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Science+Fiction+Criticism&rft.btitle=The+Science+Fiction+Handbook&rft.pages=173&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2013-11-28&rft.isbn=978-1-4725-3897-0&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Andrew+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcVAQAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?102324">"Title: The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction"</a>. <i>isfdb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=isfdb.org&rft.atitle=Title%3A+The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fisfdb.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Ftitle.cgi%3F102324&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SFADB-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SFADB_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfadb.com/Peter_Nicholls">"Peter Nicholls Awards"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_Awards_Database" title="Science Fiction Awards Database">Science Fiction Awards Database</a></i>. Locus Science Fiction Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science+Fiction+Awards+Database&rft.atitle=Peter+Nicholls+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfadb.com%2FPeter_Nicholls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isfdb1979-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isfdb1979_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?415891"><i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction: An Illustrated A to Z</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180308041347/http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?415891">Archived</a> 8 March 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> title listing. ISFDB. Retrieved 2013-04-17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isfdb-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-isfdb_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isfdb_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isfdb_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isfdb_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?102324"><i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></a> title listing at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</a> (ISFDB). Retrieved 2013-04-17.</span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sf-encyclopedia.com">SFE: <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></a>, 2014—current online edition</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/encyclopedia_of_science_fiction_the">Self-referential entry on the <i>Encyclopedia</i></a>, written by <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">David Langford</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sf-encyclopedia.co.uk/"><i>SF Encyclopedia</i> Editorial Home</a> (sf-encyclopedia.co.uk)—with data on multiple editions</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/encyclopedia-of-science-fiction/oclc/27265117/editions?start_edition=1&sd=asc&se=yr&referer=di&editionsView=true&fq=">"Formats and Editions of <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i><span style="padding-left:.15em;">"</span></a> at <a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sf-encyclopedia.co.uk/addenda/sfec.html">1993 <i>SF Encyclopedia</i> Updates</a>—"New Data, Typographical Errors, Factual Corrections, and Miscellanea; Last updated September 2002"—superseded by the 2011 edition</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081017074925/http://www.grolier.com/gi/products/reference/esf/docs/esfmain.html">Grolier product information, 1995 Multimedia edition</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived October 17, 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117023935/http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2012/01/12/qa-with-the-founder-of-%E2%80%98the-encyclopedia-of-science-fiction%E2%80%99/">"Q&A with the Founder of <i>The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i><span style="padding-left:.15em;">"</span></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>, 12 January 2012—Neela Debnath with Peter Nicholls</li></ul>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" 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interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="The Encyclopedia of Science 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href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" 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