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lesions</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: cranial lesions"> <meta name="keywords" content="cranial lesions"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cranial lesions"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 411</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cranial lesions</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Preparing a Library of Abnormal Masses for Designing a Long-Lasting Anatomical Breast Phantom for Ultrasonography Training</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasibullina%20A.">Nasibullina A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonov%20D."> Leonov D.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ultrasonography method is actively used for the early diagnosis of various le-sions in the human body, including the mammary gland. The incidence of breast cancer has increased by more than 20%, and mortality by 14% since 2008. The correctness of the diagnosis often directly depends on the qualifications and expe-rience of a diagnostic medical sonographer. That is why special attention should be paid to the practical training of future specialists. Anatomical phantoms are ex-cellent teaching tools because they accurately imitate the characteristics of real hu-man tissues and organs. The purpose of this work is to create a breast phantom for practicing ultrasound diagnostic skills in grayscale and elastography imaging, as well as ultrasound-guided biopsy sampling. We used silicone-like compounds ranging from 3 to 17 on the Shore scale hardness units to simulate soft tissue and lesions. Impurities with experimentally selected concentrations were added to give the phantom the necessary attenuation and reflection parameters. We used 3D modeling programs and 3D printing with PLA plastic to create the casting mold. We developed a breast phantom with inclusions of varying shape, elasticity and echogenicity. After testing the created phantom in B-mode and elastography mode, we performed a survey asking 19 participants how realistic the sonograms of the phantom were. The results showed that the closest to real was the model of the cyst with 9.5 on the 0-10 similarity scale. Thus, the developed breast phantom can be used for ultrasonography, elastography, and ultrasound-guided biopsy training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20ultrasound" title="breast ultrasound">breast ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammary%20gland" title=" mammary gland"> mammary gland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammography" title=" mammography"> mammography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20phantom" title=" training phantom"> training phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue-mimicking%20materials" title=" tissue-mimicking materials"> tissue-mimicking materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174839/preparing-a-library-of-abnormal-masses-for-designing-a-long-lasting-anatomical-breast-phantom-for-ultrasonography-training" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Detection of Leptospira interrogans in Kidney and Urine of water Buffalo and its Relationship with Histopathological and Serological Findings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Haji%20Hajikolaei">M. R. Haji Hajikolaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Nikvand"> A. A. Nikvand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Ghadrdan"> A. R. Ghadrdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghorbanpoor"> M. Ghorbanpoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Mohammadian"> B. Mohammadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out on water buffalo for detection of Leptospira interrogans in kidney and urine and its relationship with serological findings. Blood, urine and kidney samples were taken immediately after slaughter from 353 water buffalos at Ahvaz abattoir in Khouzestan province, Iran. Sera were initially screened at serum dilution of 1:100 against seven live antigens of Leptospira interrogans: pomona, hardjo, ballum, icterohemorrhagiae, tarasovi, australis and grippotyphosa using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and sera with positive results were titrated against reacting antigens in serial twofold dilution from 1:100 to 1:800. The samples of kidney were embedded in paraffin wax and 5µm thick sections were stained routinely with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination was done on urine and kidney by using LipL32 gene primers. Antibodies against one or more serovars at dilution >:100 were detected in sera. The most frequent reactor was hardjo (56.2%), followed by pomona (52.3%), australis (9.8%), tarassovi (5.9%), grippotyphosa (4.5%) and icterohaemorrhagiae (3.9%). The L. interrogans were detected in 43 (12.2%) of examined buffaloes, so that 26 (8.2%) of kidney tissues, 14 (4.8%) of urine samples separately and 3 (0.84%) of both kidney and urine samples were positive in PCR. From 153 (43.3%) buffaloes with positive MAT, 24 cases were positive by PCR of kidney and/or urine samples, synchronously. Renal lesions such as interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), pyelonephritis, glomerolonephritis, renal fibrosis and hydronephrosis were found in 128 (36.3%) cases. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant association between results of MAT, PCR and interstitial nephritis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptospiral%20infection" title="leptospiral infection">leptospiral infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR" title=" PCR"> PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAT" title=" MAT"> MAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20buffalo" title=" river buffalo"> river buffalo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39412/detection-of-leptospira-interrogans-in-kidney-and-urine-of-water-buffalo-and-its-relationship-with-histopathological-and-serological-findings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Histone Deacetylases Inhibitor - Valproic Acid Sensitizes Human Melanoma Cells for alkylating agent and PARP inhibitor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%C5%82gorzata%20Drzewiecka">Małgorzata Drzewiecka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomasz%20%C5%9Aliwi%C5%84ski"> Tomasz Śliwiński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maciej%20Radek"> Maciej Radek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The inhibition of histone deacetyles (HDACs) holds promise as a potential anti-cancer therapy because histone and non-histone protein acetylation is frequently disrupted in cancer, leading to cancer initiation and progression. Additionally, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) such as class I HDAC inhibitor - valproic acid (VPA) have been shown to enhance the effectiveness of DNA-damaging factors, such as cisplatin or radiation. In this study, we found that, using of VPA in combination with talazoparib (BMN-637 – PARP1 inhibitor – PARPi) and/or Dacarabazine (DTIC - alkylating agent) resulted in increased DNA double strand break (DSB) and reduced survival (while not affecting primary melanocytes )and proliferation of melanoma cells. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of class I HDACs sensitizes melanoma cells to apoptosis following exposure to DTIC and BMN-637. In addition, inhibition of HDAC caused sensitization of melanoma cells to dacarbazine and BMN-637 in melanoma xenografts in vivo. At the mRNA and protein level histone deacetylase inhibitor downregulated RAD51 and FANCD2. This study provides that combining HDACi, alkylating agent and PARPi could potentially enhance the treatment of melanoma, which is known for being one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. The findings presented here point to a scenario in which HDAC via enhancing the HR-dependent repair of DSBs created during the processing of DNA lesions, are essential nodes in the resistance of malignant melanoma cells to methylating agent-based therapies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melanoma" title="melanoma">melanoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hdac" title=" hdac"> hdac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parp%20inhibitor" title=" parp inhibitor"> parp inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valproic%20acid" title=" valproic acid"> valproic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167232/histone-deacetylases-inhibitor-valproic-acid-sensitizes-human-melanoma-cells-for-alkylating-agent-and-parp-inhibitor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Genetics of Atopic Dermatitis: Role of Cytokine Genes Polymorphisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghaleb%20Bin%20Huraib">Ghaleb Bin Huraib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe itching and recurrent, relapsing eczema-like skin lesions, affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults in industrialized countries. AD is a complex multifactorial disease, and its exact etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gene polymorphisms of T helper cell subtype Th1 and Th2 cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1on AD susceptibility in a Saudi cohort. One hundred four unrelated patients with AD and 195 healthy controls were genotyped for IFN-γ (874A/T), IL-6 (174G/C) and TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphisms using ARMS-PCR and PCR-RFLP technique. The frequency of genotypes AA and AT of IFN-γ (874A/T) differed significantly among patients and controls (P 0.001). The genotype AT was increased while genotype AA was decreased in AD patients as compared to controls. AD patients also had a higher frequency of T-containing genotypes (AT+TT) than controls (P = 0.001). The frequencies of alleles T and A were statistically different in patients and controls (P = 0.04). The frequencies of genotype GG and allele G of IL-6 (174G/C) were significantly higher, while genotype GC and allele C were lower in AD patients than in controls. There was no significant difference in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes of TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphism between the patient and control groups. These results showed that susceptibility to AD is influenced by the presence or absence of genotypes of IFN-γ (874A/T) and IL-6 (174G/C) polymorphisms. It is concluded T-allele and T-containing genotypes (AT+TT) of IFN-γ (874A/T) and G-allele and GG genotype ofIL-6 (174G/C) polymorphisms are susceptible to AD in Saudis. On the other hand, the TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphism may not be associated with AD risk in our population; however, further studies with large sample sizes are required to confirm these results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atopic%20dermatitis" title="atopic dermatitis">atopic dermatitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polymorphism" title=" Polymorphism"> Polymorphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interferon" title=" Interferon"> Interferon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-6" title=" IL-6"> IL-6</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160457/genetics-of-atopic-dermatitis-role-of-cytokine-genes-polymorphisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Epidemiological-Anatomopathological-Immunohistochemical Profile of Gastric Cancer throughout Eastern Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Tebibel">S. Tebibel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20L.%20Bouchouka"> R. L. Bouchouka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Mechati"> C. Mechati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Messaoudi"> S. Messaoudi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stomach cancer or gastric cancer is an aggressive cancer with a significant geographic disparity. The decrease in frequency is attributed to refrigeration, which has several beneficial consequences, increased consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, reduced consumption of salt, which was widely used as a food preservative, and less contamination of food by carcinogenic compounds. The infection with Helicobacter pylori is responsible for progressive inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa usually evolving into stomach cancer in 80% of cases. Methodology: This epidemiological and analytical study concerns 65 patients (46 men and 19 women) with gastric adenocarcinomas with an average age of 56.5 years and a male predominance with a sex ratio of 2.4. Results and Discussion: In this series, the clinical symptoms are dominated by epigastralgia (72.31%), vomiting (27,69%), and slimming (24,62%). The FOGD (Oeso-Gastro Duodenal Fibroscopy) performed in the 65 patients revealed a predominance of the antro-pyloric localization in 19 cases (i.e., 29.23%) and anulcerative budding appearance in 33 subjects (50,77%). Histologically, the moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma is found in 30.77% of patients, followed by well differentiated adenocarcinoma with 26.15% of patients. The immunohistochemical study revealed a positive labeling of half of the T cells by anti-CD3 AC, and a positive labeling of anti-CD20 AC in a diffuse and intense manner, with the presence of CD20-positive lymphoepithelial lesions compatible with CD20 a low grade MALT non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Conclusion: This framework of analysis revealed some risk factors for gastric cancer, such as food, hygiene, Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking and family history. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helicobacter%20pylori" title=" Helicobacter pylori"> Helicobacter pylori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunohistochemistry" title=" immunohistochemistry"> immunohistochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stomach" title=" stomach"> stomach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80416/epidemiological-anatomopathological-immunohistochemical-profile-of-gastric-cancer-throughout-eastern-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Extra Skeletal Manifestations of Histocytosis in Pediatrics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayda%20Youssef">Ayda Youssef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Ali%20Khalaf"> Mohammed Ali Khalaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Rafaat"> Tarek Rafaat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare multi-systemic disease that shows an abnormal proliferation of these kinds of cells associated with a granular infiltration that affects different structures of the human body, including the lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, brain, mucocutaneous, soft tissue (head and neck), and salivary glands. Evaluation of the extent of disease is one of the major predictors of patient outcome. Objectives: To recognize the pathogenesis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), describe the radiologic criteria that are suggestive of LCH in different organs rather than the bones and to illustrate the appropriate differential diagnoses for LCH in each of the common extra-osseous sites. Material and methods: A retrospective study was done on 150 biopsy-proven LCH patients from 2007 to 2012. All patients underwent imaging studies, mostly US, CT, and MRI. These patients were reviewed to assess the extra-skeletal manifestations of LCH. Results: In 150 patients with biopsy-proven LCH, There were 33 patients with liver affection, 5 patients with splenic lesions, 55 patients with enlarged lymph nodes, 9 patient with CNS disease and 11 patients with lung involvement. Conclusions: Because of the frequent LCH children and evaluation of the extent of disease is one of the major predictors of patient outcome. Radiologist need to be familiar with its presentation in different organs and regions of body outside the commonest site of affection (bones). A high-index suspicion should be raised a biopsy is recommended in the presence of radiological suspicion. Chemotherapy is the preferred therapeutic modality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=langerhans%20cell%20histiocytosis" title="langerhans cell histiocytosis">langerhans cell histiocytosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extra-skeletal" title=" extra-skeletal"> extra-skeletal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatrics" title=" pediatrics"> pediatrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiology" title=" radiology"> radiology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23036/extra-skeletal-manifestations-of-histocytosis-in-pediatrics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Investigation of Ezetimibe Administration on Cell Survival Markers in Kidney Ischemia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Heydari">Zahra Heydari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: One of the major clinical issues is acute renal failure, which is caused by ischemia-reperfusion of the kidney and is associated with high mortality. Despite advances in this area, important issues such as tissue necrosis, cell apoptosis, and so on in damaged tissue are suggestive for more researches and study on this subject. Objective: Evaluation of the potential utility of Ezetimibe in reducing injuries and cell death induced by kidney ischemia/ reperfusion through inducing expression changes of different cellular pathways in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Materials and methods: Forty rats weighing 180-200g were divided into 4 groups. For this purpose, the first right kidneys of the rats were removed during surgery. After 20 days, the left renal artery was closed with a soft clamp and reperfusion was performed. After 24 hours, blood samples were collected and sent to the laboratory with kidneys to measure bax and bcl-2 by Western blotting and histopathological tests. Results: Quantitative damage reviews of Kidney tissue indicates damage Acute and severe tubular lesions were observed in the ischemia group. Also, the amount of injury was significantly reduced in the treatment group. There was also a significant difference between the ischemia and sham groups. In general, the results show that a single dose of 1.2 mg/kg of ezetimibe can reduce the bax/ bcl-2 ratio compared to the ischemia group. In general, the results showed Ezetimibe is effective in reducing cell damage and death due to ischemia/ reperfusion after renal ischemia through changes in the expression of various cellular pathways in rats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20renal%20failure" title="acute renal failure">acute renal failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20ischemia-reperfusion%20injury" title=" renal ischemia-reperfusion injury"> renal ischemia-reperfusion injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ezetimibe" title=" ezetimibe"> ezetimibe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140497/investigation-of-ezetimibe-administration-on-cell-survival-markers-in-kidney-ischemia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Structural Insights into the Bypass of the Major Deaminated Purines by Translesion Synthesis DNA Polymerase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hunmin%20Jung">Hunmin Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Hawkins"> Michael Hawkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongmin%20Lee"> Seongmin Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exocyclic amines of nucleobases can undergo deamination by various DNA damaging agents such as reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and water. The deamination of guanine and adenine generates the promutagenic xanthine and hypoxanthine, respectively. The exocyclic amines of bases in DNA are hydrogen bond donors, while the carbonyl moiety generated by the base deamination acts as hydrogen bond acceptors, which can alter base pairing properties of the purines. Xanthine is known to base pair with both cytosine and thymine, while hypoxanthine predominantly pairs with cytosine to promote A to G mutations. Despite the known promutagenicity of the major deaminated purines, structures of DNA polymerase bypassing these lesions have not been reported. To gain insights into the deaminated-induced mutagenesis, we solved crystal structures of human DNA polymerase η (polη) catalyzing across xanthine and hypoxanthine. In the catalytic site of polη, the deaminated guanine (i.e., xanthine) forms three Watson-Crick-like hydrogen bonds with an incoming dCTP, indicating the O2-enol tautomer of xanthine involves in the base pairing. The formation of the enol tautomer appears to be promoted by the minor groove contact by Gln38 of polη. When hypoxanthine is at the templating position, the deaminated adenine uses its O6-keto tautomer to form two Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with an incoming dCTP, providing the structural basis for the high promutagenicity of hypoxanthine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage" title="DNA damage">DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20polymerase" title="DNA polymerase">DNA polymerase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deamination" title="deamination">deamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutagenesis" title="mutagenesis">mutagenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tautomerization" title="tautomerization">tautomerization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translesion%20synthesis" title="translesion synthesis">translesion synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149816/structural-insights-into-the-bypass-of-the-major-deaminated-purines-by-translesion-synthesis-dna-polymerase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> A Case Study on Indian Translation Ecosystem of Point-Of-Care Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tripta%20Dixit">Tripta Dixit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smita%20Sahu"> Smita Sahu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Selvamurthy"> William Selvamurthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadhana%20Srivastava"> Sadhana Srivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The translation of healthcare technologies is an expensive, complex affair, current healthcare challenges in Asian countries and their efforts to meet Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), necessitates continuous technology advancement to save countless lives, improve the quality of life and for socio-economic development. India’s consistently improving global innovation index (57) demonstrates its innovation potential, but access to health care is asymmetric and lacks priority in India. Therefore, there is utmost need of a robust translation system for point-of-care (POC) solutions, inexpensive, low-maintenance, reliable, and easy-to-use diagnostic technologies. Few cases of POC technologies viz. Elisa based diagnostic kits for regional viral disease, a device for detection of cancerous lesions were studied to understand the process and challenges involved in their translation. Accordingly, the entire translation ecosystem was summarized proposing a nexus of various actors such as technology developer, technology transferor technology receiver, funding entities, government/regulatory bodies and their effect on translation of different medical technologies. This study highlights the role and concerns pertaining to these actors for POC such as unsystematic and unvalidated research roadmap, low profit preposition, unfocused approach of up-scaling, low market acceptability and multiple window regulatory framework, etc. This provides an opportunity to devise solutions to overcome problem areas in translation path. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20technologies" title="healthcare technologies">healthcare technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of-care%20solutions" title=" point-of-care solutions"> point-of-care solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health" title=" public health"> public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation" title=" translation"> translation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102077/a-case-study-on-indian-translation-ecosystem-of-point-of-care-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Physical Contact Modulation of Macrophage-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Response in Osteoimmune Microenvironment by Pollen-Like Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qing%20Zhang">Qing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janak%20L.%20Pathak"> Janak L. Pathak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Macro%20N.%20Helder"> Macro N. Helder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20T.%20Jaspers"> Richard T. Jaspers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin%20Xiao"> Yin Xiao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Nanomaterial-based bone regeneration is greatly influenced by the immune microenvironment. Tissue-engineered nanomaterials mediate the inflammatory response of macrophages to regulate bone regeneration. Silica nanoparticles have been widely used in tissue engineering-related preclinical studies. However, the effect of topological features on the surface of silica nanoparticles on the immune response of macrophages remains unknown. Purposes: The aims of this research are to compare the influences of normal and pollen-like silica nano-surface topography on macrophage immune responses and to obtain insight into their potential regulatory mechanisms. Method: Macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) were exposed to mesoporous silica nanoparticles with normal morphology (MSNs) and pollen-like morphology (PMSNs). RNA-seq, RT-qPCR, and LSCM were used to assess the changes in expression levels of immune response-related genes and proteins. SEM and TEM were executed to evaluate the contact and adherence of silica nanoparticles by macrophages. For the assessment of the immunomodulation-mediated osteogenic potential, BMSCs were cultured with conditioned medium (CM) from LPS pre-stimulated macrophage cultures treated with MSNs or PMSNs. Osteoimmunomodulatory potential of MSNs and PMSNs in vivo was tested in a mouse cranial bone osteolysis model. Results: The results of the RNA-seq, RT-qPCR, and LSCM assays showed that PMSNs inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and proteins in macrophages. SEM images showed distinct macrophage membrane surface binding patterns of MSNs and PMSNs. MSNs were more evenly dispersed across the macrophage cell membrane, while PMSNs were aggregated. PMSNs-induced macrophage anti-inflammatory response was associated with upregulation of the cell surface receptor CD28 and inhibition of ERK phosphorylation. TEM images showed that both MSNs and PMSNs could be phagocytosed by macrophages, and inhibiting nanoparticle phagocytosis did not affect the expression of anti-inflammatory genes and proteins. Moreover, PMSNs-induced conditioned medium from macrophages enhanced BMP-2 expression and osteogenic differentiation mBMSCs. Similarly, PMSNs prevented LPS-induced bone resorption via downregulation of inflammatory reaction. Conclusions: PMSNs can promote bone regeneration by modulating osteoimmunological processes through surface topography. The study offers insights into how surface physical contact cues can modulate the regulation of osteoimmunology and provides a basis for the application of nanoparticles with pollen-like morphology to affect immunomodulation in bone tissue engineering and regeneration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20contact" title="physical contact">physical contact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoimmunology" title=" osteoimmunology"> osteoimmunology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophages" title=" macrophages"> macrophages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20nanoparticles" title=" silica nanoparticles"> silica nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20morphology" title=" surface morphology"> surface morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20receptor" title=" membrane receptor"> membrane receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteogenesis" title=" osteogenesis"> osteogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183429/physical-contact-modulation-of-macrophage-mediated-anti-inflammatory-response-in-osteoimmune-microenvironment-by-pollen-like-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Eco-Friendly Control of Bacterial Speck on Solanum lycopersicum by Azadirachta indica Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navodit%20Goel">Navodit Goel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabir%20K.%20Paul"> Prabir K. Paul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is attacked by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato causing speck lesions on the leaves leading to severe economic casualty. In the present study, aqueous fruit extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) were sprayed on a single node of tomato plants grown under controlled contamination-free conditions. The treatment of plants was performed with neem fruit extract either alone or along with the pathogen. The parameters of observation were activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and lysozyme, and isoform analysis of PPO; both at the treated leaves as well as untreated leaves away from the site of extract application. Polyphenol oxidase initiates phenylpropanoid pathway resulting in the synthesis of quinines from cytoplasmic phenols and production of reactive oxygen species toxic to broad spectrum microbes. Lysozyme is responsible for the breakdown of bacterial cell wall. The results indicate the upregulation of PPO and lysozyme activities in both the treated and untreated leaves along with de novo expression of newer PPO isoenzymes (which were absent in control samples). The appearance of additional PPO isoenzymes in bioelicitor-treated plants indicates that either the isoenzymes were expressed after bioelicitor application or the already expressed but inactive isoenzymes were activated by it. Lysozyme activity was significantly increased in the plants when treated with the bioelicitor or the pathogen alone. However, no new isoenzymes of lysozyme were expressed upon application of the extract. Induction of resistance by neem fruit extract could be a potent weapon in eco-friendly plant protection strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azadirachta%20indica" title="Azadirachta indica">Azadirachta indica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lysozyme" title=" lysozyme"> lysozyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenol%20oxidase" title=" polyphenol oxidase"> polyphenol oxidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solanum%20lycopersicum" title=" Solanum lycopersicum"> Solanum lycopersicum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58191/eco-friendly-control-of-bacterial-speck-on-solanum-lycopersicum-by-azadirachta-indica-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Vestibular Schwannoma: A Rare Cause of Trigeminal Nerve Paraesthesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessie%20Justice">Jessie Justice</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is a case report of a vestibular schwannoma presenting with numbness to the left lower lip and tongue and altered taste. The aim of this case is to raise awareness of differential diagnoses for trigeminal nerve paraesthesia and, hence, prompt thorough investigation. A 65-year-old male was referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial department regarding sudden-onset of numbness to his left lower lip and left tongue, with altered taste sensation subsequently developing. The patient was simultaneously being investigated for severe hearing loss in his left ear. On examination, there was altered sensation in the distribution of the left inferior alveolar nerve and left lingual nerve. There was no palpable cervical lymphadenopathy and no intra-oral lesions or dental cause for the symptoms. Due to his hearing loss in the left ear, the patient was sent for magnetic resonance imaging of the internal auditory meatus by the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) department, revealing a 2.5cm mass within the left cerebellopontine angle presumed to be a vestibular schwannoma. This led to the diagnosis of trigeminal nerve compression by a medium vestibular schwannoma. Consequently, the patient was followed up by an ENT, who referred him for stereotactic radiosurgery. A literature review regarding vestibular schwannomas presenting with orofacial paraesthesia was then carried out. A review of the literature has shown the incidence of vestibular schwannoma to be 3-5 cases per 100,000. It has been reported that approximately 5% of vestibular schwannoma cases display orofacial dysaesthesia, and about 1-3% of cases exhibit trigeminal neuralgia symptoms. This is a rare case of vestibular schwannoma causing trigeminal nerve paraesthesia. The aim of this study is to raise awareness of alternative causes of trigeminal nerve paraesthesia and the available literature surrounding this. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20neuroma" title="acoustic neuroma">acoustic neuroma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orofacial%20dysaesthesia" title=" orofacial dysaesthesia"> orofacial dysaesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigeminal%20nerve%20paraesthesia" title=" trigeminal nerve paraesthesia"> trigeminal nerve paraesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vestibular%20schwannoma" title=" vestibular schwannoma"> vestibular schwannoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193761/vestibular-schwannoma-a-rare-cause-of-trigeminal-nerve-paraesthesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">14</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> The Superiority of 18F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT for Detecting Bone Metastases in Comparison with Other Bone Diagnostic Imaging Modalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Mirmontazemi">Mojtaba Mirmontazemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habibollah%20Dadgar"> Habibollah Dadgar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bone is the most common metastasis site in some advanced malignancies, such as prostate and breast cancer. Bone metastasis generally indicates fewer prognostic factors in these patients. Different radiological and molecular imaging modalities are used for detecting bone lesions. Molecular imaging including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, planar bone scintigraphy, single-photon emission tomography, and positron emission tomography as noninvasive visualization of the biological occurrences has the potential to exact examination, characterization, risk stratification and comprehension of human being diseases. Also, it is potent to straightly visualize targets, specify clearly cellular pathways and provide precision medicine for molecular targeted therapies. These advantages contribute implement personalized treatment for each patient. Currently, NaF PET/CT has significantly replaced standard bone scintigraphy for the detection of bone metastases. On one hand, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT has gained high attention for accurate staging of primary prostate cancer and restaging after biochemical recurrence. On the other hand, FDG PET/CT is not commonly used in osseous metastases of prostate and breast cancer as well as its usage is limited to staging patients with aggressive primary tumors or localizing the site of disease. In this article, we examine current studies about FDG, NaF, and PSMA PET/CT images in bone metastases diagnostic utility and assess response to treatment in patients with breast and prostate cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20metastases" title="skeletal metastases">skeletal metastases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorodeoxyglucose" title=" fluorodeoxyglucose"> fluorodeoxyglucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20fluoride" title=" sodium fluoride"> sodium fluoride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20imaging" title=" molecular imaging"> molecular imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20medicine" title=" precision medicine"> precision medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer%20%2868Ga-PSMA-11%29" title=" prostate cancer (68Ga-PSMA-11)"> prostate cancer (68Ga-PSMA-11)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120469/the-superiority-of-18f-sodium-fluoride-petct-for-detecting-bone-metastases-in-comparison-with-other-bone-diagnostic-imaging-modalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Effects of a Bioactive Subfraction of Strobilanthes Crispus on the Tumour Growth, Body Weight and Haematological Parameters in 4T1-Induced Breast Cancer Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusha%27u%20Shu%27aibu%20Baraya">Yusha'u Shu'aibu Baraya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kah%20Keng%20%20Wong"> Kah Keng Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nik%20Soriani%20Yaacob"> Nik Soriani Yaacob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strobilanthes crispus (S. crispus), is a Malaysian herb locally known as ‘Pecah kaca’ or ‘Jin batu’ which have demonstrated potent anticancer effects in both in vitro and in vivo models. In particular, S. crispus subfraction (SCS) significantly reduced tumor growth in N-methyl-N-Nitrosourea-induced breast cancer rat model. However, there is paucity of information on the effects of SCS in breast cancer metastasis. Thus, in this study, the antimetastatic effects of SCS (100 mg/kg) was investigated following 30 days of treatment in 4T1-induced mammary tumor (n = 5) model. The response to treatment was assessed based on the outcome of the tumour growth, body weight and hematological parameters. The results demonstrated that tumor bearing mice treated with SCS (TM-S) had significant (p<0.05) reduction in the mean tumor number and tumor volume as well as tumor weight compared to the tumor bearing mice (TM), i.e. tumor untreated group. Also, there was no secondary tumor formation or tumor-associated lesions in the major organs of TM-S compared to the TM group. Similarly, comparable body weights were observed among the TM-S, normal (uninduced) mice treated with SCS and normal (untreated/control) mice (NM) groups compared to the TM group (p<0.05). Furthermore, SCS administration does not cause significant changes in the hematological parameters as compared to the NM group, which indicates no sign of anemia and toxicity related effects. In conclusion, SCS significantly inhibited the overall tumor growth and metastasis in 4T1-induced breast cancer mouse model suggesting its promising potentials as therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4T1-cells" title="4T1-cells">4T1-cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title=" breast cancer"> breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastasis" title=" metastasis"> metastasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strobilanthes%20crispus" title=" Strobilanthes crispus "> Strobilanthes crispus </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119710/effects-of-a-bioactive-subfraction-of-strobilanthes-crispus-on-the-tumour-growth-body-weight-and-haematological-parameters-in-4t1-induced-breast-cancer-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Multi-Modality Imaging of Aggressive Hoof Wall Neoplasia in Two Horses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannah%20Nagel">Hannah Nagel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayley%20Lang"> Hayley Lang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Sole%20Guitart"> Albert Sole Guitart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasha%20Lean"> Natasha Lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Allavena"> Rachel Allavena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cleide%20Sprohnie-Barrera"> Cleide Sprohnie-Barrera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20Young"> Alex Young</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aggressive neoplasia of the hoof is a rare occurrence in horses and has been only sporadically described in the literature. In the few cases reported intra-hoof wall, aggressive neoplasia has been documented radiographically and has been described with variable imaging characteristics. These include a well-defined osteolytic area, a smoothly outlined semi-circular defect, an extensive draining tract beneath the hoof wall, as well as an additional large area of osteolysis or an extensive central lytic region. A 20-year-old Quarterhorse gelding and a 10-year-old Thoroughbred gelding were both presented for chronic reoccurring lameness in the left forelimb and left hindlimb, respectively. Both of the cases displayed radiographic lesions that have been previously described but also displayed osteoproliferative expansile regions of additional bone formation. Changes associated with hoof neoplasia are often non-specific due to the nature and capacity of bone to react to pathological insult, which is either to proliferate or be absorbed. Both cases depict and describe imaging findings seen on radiography, contrast radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging before reaching a histological diagnosis of malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Although aggressive hoof wall neoplasia is rare, there are some imaging features which may raise our index of suspicion for an aggressive hoof wall lesion. This case report documents two horses with similar imaging findings who underwent multiple assessments, surgical interventions, and imaging modalities with a final diagnosis of malignant neoplasia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horse" title="horse">horse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hoof" title=" hoof"> hoof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging"> imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiography" title=" radiography"> radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoplasia" title=" neoplasia"> neoplasia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134173/multi-modality-imaging-of-aggressive-hoof-wall-neoplasia-in-two-horses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cervical Cancer in Women of the North of Chihuahua, Mexico</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Estefania%20Ponce-Amaya">Estefania Ponce-Amaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Lidia%20Arellano-Ortiz"> Ana Lidia Arellano-Ortiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Diaz-Hernandez"> Cecilia Diaz-Hernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20Alberto%20Lopez-Diaz"> Jose Alberto Lopez-Diaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20De%20La%20Mora-Covarrubias"> Antonio De La Mora-Covarrubias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudia%20Lucia%20Vargas-Requena"> Claudia Lucia Vargas-Requena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauricio%20Salcedo-Vargas"> Mauricio Salcedo-Vargas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florinda%20Jimenez-Vega"> Florinda Jimenez-Vega </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cervical Cancer (CC) is the second leading cause of death among women worldwide and it had been associated with a persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV). The goal of the current study was to identify the prevalence of HPV infection in women with abnormal Pap smear who were attended at Dysplasia Clinic of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Methods: Cervical samples from 146 patients, who attended the Colposcopy Clinic at Sanitary Jurisdiction II of Cd Juarez, were collected for histopathology and molecular study. DNA was isolated for the HPV detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using MY09/011 and GP5/6 primers. The associated risk factors were assessed by a questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, using EpiINFO V7 software. Results: HPV infection was present in 142 patients (97.3 %). The prevalence of HPV infection was distributed in a 96% of all evaluated groups, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HISIL) and CC. We found a statistical significance (α = <0.05) between gestation and number of births as risk factors. The median values showed an ascending tend according with the lesion progression. However, CC showed a statistically significant difference with respect to the pre-carcinogenic stages. Conclusions: In these Mexican patients exists a high prevalence of HPV infection, and for that reason, we are studying the most prevalent HPV genotypes in this population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20cancer" title="cervical cancer">cervical cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPV" title=" HPV"> HPV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence%20hpv" title=" prevalence hpv"> prevalence hpv</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squamous%20intraepithelial%20lesion" title=" squamous intraepithelial lesion"> squamous intraepithelial lesion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79528/prevalence-of-human-papillomavirus-in-squamous-intraepithelial-lesions-and-cervical-cancer-in-women-of-the-north-of-chihuahua-mexico" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Enzymatic Repair Prior To DNA Barcoding, Aspirations, and Restraints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxime%20Merheb">Maxime Merheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Matar"> Rachel Matar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Retrieving ancient DNA sequences which in return permit the entire genome sequencing from fossils have extraordinarily improved in recent years, thanks to sequencing technology and other methodological advances. In any case, the quest to search for ancient DNA is still obstructed by the damage inflicted on DNA which accumulates after the death of a living organism. We can characterize this damage into three main categories: (i) Physical abnormalities such as strand breaks which lead to the presence of short DNA fragments. (ii) Modified bases (mainly cytosine deamination) which cause errors in the sequence due to an incorporation of a false nucleotide during DNA amplification. (iii) DNA modifications referred to as blocking lesions, will halt the PCR extension which in return will also affect the amplification and sequencing process. We can clearly see that the issues arising from breakage and coding errors were significantly decreased in recent years. Fast sequencing of short DNA fragments was empowered by platforms for high-throughput sequencing, most of the coding errors were uncovered to be the consequences of cytosine deamination which can be easily removed from the DNA using enzymatic treatment. The methodology to repair DNA sequences is still in development, it can be basically explained by the process of reintroducing cytosine rather than uracil. This technique is thus restricted to amplified DNA molecules. To eliminate any type of damage (particularly those that block PCR) is a process still pending the complete repair methodologies; DNA detection right after extraction is highly needed. Before using any resources into extensive, unreasonable and uncertain repair techniques, it is vital to distinguish between two possible hypotheses; (i) DNA is none existent to be amplified to begin with therefore completely un-repairable, (ii) the DNA is refractory to PCR and it is worth to be repaired and amplified. Hence, it is extremely important to develop a non-enzymatic technique to detect the most degraded DNA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ancient%20DNA" title="ancient DNA">ancient DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20barcodong" title=" DNA barcodong"> DNA barcodong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20repair" title=" enzymatic repair"> enzymatic repair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR" title=" PCR"> PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47621/enzymatic-repair-prior-to-dna-barcoding-aspirations-and-restraints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> The Effect of the Epstein-Barr Virus on the Development of Multiple Sclerosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sina%20Mahdavi">Sina Mahdavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the myelination process in the CNS. Complex interactions of various "environmental or infectious" factors may act as triggers in autoimmunity and disease progression. The association between viral infections, especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and MS, is one potential cause that is not well understood. In this study, we aim to summarize the available data on EBV infection in MS disease progression. Materials and Methods: For this study, the keywords "Multiple sclerosis," "Epstein-Barr virus," and "central nervous system" in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Sid, and MagIran between 2016 and 2022 were searched, and 14 articles were chosen, studied, and analyzed. Results: Demyelinated lesions isolated from MS patients contain EBNAs from EBV proteins. The EBNA1 domain contains a pentapeptide fragment identical to B-crystallin, a heat shock peptide, that is increased in peripheral B cells in response to B-crystallin infection, resulting in myelin-directed autoimmunity mediated by proinflammatory T cells. EBNA2, which is involved in the regulation of viral transcription, may enhance transcription from MS risk loci. A 7-fold increase in the risk of MS has been observed in EBV infection with HLA-DR15 synergy. Conclusion: EBV infection along with a variety of specific genetic risk alleles, cause inflammatory cascades in the CNS by infected B cells. There is a high expression of EBV during the course of MS, which indicates the relationship between EBV and MS, that this virus can play a role in the development of MS by creating an inflammatory state. Therefore, measures to modulate the expression of EBV may be effective in reducing inflammatory processes in demyelinated areas of MS patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20sclerosis" title="multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Epstein-Barr%20virus" title=" Epstein-Barr virus"> Epstein-Barr virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20nervous%20system" title=" central nervous system"> central nervous system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EBNAs" title=" EBNAs"> EBNAs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159252/the-effect-of-the-epstein-barr-virus-on-the-development-of-multiple-sclerosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Endoscopic Treatment of Esophageal Injuries Using Vacuum Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murad%20Gasanov">Murad Gasanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shagen%20Danielyan"> Shagen Danielyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Gasanov"> Ali Gasanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20Teterin"> Yuri Teterin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Yartsev"> Peter Yartsev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Despite the advances made in modern surgery, the treatment of patients with esophageal injuries remains one of the most topical and complex issues. In recent years, high-technology minimally invasive methods, such as endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) in the treatment of esophageal injuries. The effectiveness of EVT has been sufficiently studied in case of failure of esophageal anastomoses, however the application of this method in case of mechanical esophageal injuries is limited by a small series of observations, indicating the necessity of additional study. Aim: The aim was to аnalyzed of own experience in the use of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) in a comprehensive examination of patients with esophageal injuries. Methods: We analyzed the results of treatment of 24 patients with mechanical injuries of the esophagus for the period 2019-2021. Complex treatment of patients included the use of minimally invasive technologies, including percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), EVT and video-assisted thoracoscopic debridement. Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment was carried out using multislice computed tomography (MSCT), endoscopy and laboratory tests. The duration of inpatient treatment and the duration of EVT, the number of system replacements, complications and mortality were taken into account. Result: EVT in patients with mechanical injuries of the esophagus allowed to achieve epithelialization of the esophageal defect in 21 patients (87.5%) in the form of linear scar on the site of perforation or pseudodiverticulum. Complications were noted in 4 patients (16.6%), including bleeding (2) and and esophageal stenosis in the perforation area (2). Lethal outcome was in one observation (4.2%). Conclusion. EVT may be the method of choice in complex treatment in patients with esophageal lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esophagus%20injuries" title="esophagus injuries">esophagus injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20to%20the%20esophagus" title=" damage to the esophagus"> damage to the esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforation%20of%20the%20esophagus" title=" perforation of the esophagus"> perforation of the esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spontaneous%20perforation%20of%20the%20esophagus" title=" spontaneous perforation of the esophagus"> spontaneous perforation of the esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediastinitis" title=" mediastinitis"> mediastinitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoscopic%20vacuum%20therapy" title=" endoscopic vacuum therapy"> endoscopic vacuum therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159374/endoscopic-treatment-of-esophageal-injuries-using-vacuum-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Egyptian Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doaa%20Hashad">Doaa Hashad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20Elyamany"> Amany Elyamany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perihan%20Salem"> Perihan Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) constitutes a serious dilemma that has an impact on the health of millions of Egyptians. Hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCV-HCC) is a crucial consequence of HCV that represents the third cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Aim of the study: assess the use of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content as a non-invasive molecular biomarker in hepatitis c virus related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCV-HCC). Methods: A total of 135 participants were enrolled in the study. Volunteers were assigned to one of three groups equally; a group of HCV related cirrhosis (HCV-cirrhosis), a group of HCV-HCC and a control group of age- and sex- matched healthy volunteers with no evidence of liver disease. mtDNA was determined using a quantitative real-time PCR technique. Results: mtDNA content was lowest in HCV-HCC cases. No statistically significant difference was observed between the group of HCV-cirrhosis and the control group as regards mtDNA level. HCC patients with multi-centric hepatic lesions had significantly lower mtDNA content. On using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a cutoff of 34 was assigned for mtDNA content to distinguish between HCV-HCC and HCV-cirrhosis patients who are not yet complicated by malignancy. Lower mtDNA was associated with greater HCC risk on using healthy controls, HCV-cirrhosis, or combining both groups as a reference group. Conclusions: mtDNA content might constitute a non-invasive molecular biomarker that reflects tumor burden in HCV-HCC cases and could be used as a predictor of HCC risk in patients of HCV-cirrhosis. In addition, the non significant difference of mtDNA level between HCV-cirrhosis patients and healthy controls could eliminate the grey zone created by the use of AFP in some cirrhotic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20copy%20number" title="DNA copy number">DNA copy number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCC" title=" HCC"> HCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCV" title=" HCV"> HCV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondrial" title=" mitochondrial"> mitochondrial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45827/mitochondrial-dna-copy-number-in-egyptian-patients-with-hepatitis-c-virus-related-hepatocellular-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Ecological and Biological Effects of Pollution and Dredging Activities on Fisheries and Fisheries Products in Niger Delta Ecological Zone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikpesu">Ikpesu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Ohwofasa"> Thomas Ohwofasa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babtunde%20Ilesanmi"> Babtunde Ilesanmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of anthropogenic activities on fish and fisheries products in Niger Delta water bodies were investigated. The rivers were selected based on their close proximity to contaminants and dredging activities. Three stations were chosen per river. The stations chosen to depicting downstream and upstream stations were visited and samples collected on monthly basis. The down streams stations are the polluted and heavily dredged sites, where the upstream station is far, without any evidence of pollution or human activities. During these periods, the fishes of the same species were collected and analyzed for morphological and physiological changes, after which they were returned back to the rivers. The physico-chemicals parameters of these stations were also taken. Morphological changes such as skin ulcerations and other lesions, as well as fungi infections were observed in the down streams fishes. The fish in up streams look healthier and bigger (though the age could not be affirmed) than the downstream fishes. The physico-chemical parameters between the up streams and down streams stations vary significantly (p < 0.01). These anthropogenic effects must have interfere with the normal migration pattern of these fishes, because there were changes in the composition of population and species diversity in the samples sites, with the upstream having true species diversity. The release of pollutants into the water in the Niger Delta areas may triggers off naturally occurring bio toxicity cycles and other fish poisoning. There is risk of biomagnifications of these poisons along the tropic level. This makes the normally valuable food resource dangerous for human consumption and thereby instances of human death caused by such poisoning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic" title="anthropogenic">anthropogenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dredging" title=" dredging"> dredging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fisheries" title=" fisheries"> fisheries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niger%20delta" title=" niger delta"> niger delta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rivers" title=" rivers"> rivers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39831/ecological-and-biological-effects-of-pollution-and-dredging-activities-on-fisheries-and-fisheries-products-in-niger-delta-ecological-zone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Primary Melanocytic Tumors of the Central Nervous System: A Clinico-Pathological Study of Seven Cases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sushila%20Jaiswal">Sushila Jaiswal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awadhesh%20Kumar%20Jaiswal"> Awadhesh Kumar Jaiswal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are uncommon lesions and arise from the melanocytes located within the leptomeninges. Aim and objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical details, histomorphology of the primary melanocytic tumor of CNS. Method: The study was performed by the retrospective review of the case records of the primary melanocytic tumors of CNS diagnosed in our department. The formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks and tissue sections were retrieved and reviewed. Results: Seven cases (6 males, 1 female; age range- 16-40 years; mean age- 27 years) of primary melanocytic tumors of CNS were retrieved over last seven years. The tumor was intracranial (n=5; frontal – 1 case, parietal – 1 case, cerebello-pontine angle- 1 case, occipital -1 case, foramen magnum-1 case) and intra spinal (n=2; cervical – 2 cases). All patients presented with the neurological deficits related to the location of the tumor. Four cases were malignant melanoma; two were melanocytoma of intermediate grade and remaining one was melanocytoma. On histopathology, melanocytoma and melanoma both displayed sheets of well-differentiated melanocytes having round to oval nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin, occasional single eosinophilic nucleoli and a moderate amount of cytoplasm with abundant granular melanin pigment. The absence of mitosis and macronucleoli was noticed in melanocytoma while melanoma showed frequent mitosis and macronucleoli. On immunohistochemistry, both showed diffuse strong HMB45 and S-100 immunopositivity. Conclusion: Primary melanocytic tumors of CNS are rare and predominantly seen in males. It is important to differentiate melanoma from melanocytoma as prognosis of later is good. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melanocytoma" title="melanocytoma">melanocytoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melanoma" title=" melanoma"> melanoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20tumor" title=" brain tumor"> brain tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melanin" title=" melanin"> melanin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54456/primary-melanocytic-tumors-of-the-central-nervous-system-a-clinico-pathological-study-of-seven-cases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Identifying Pathogenic Mycobacterium Species Using Multiple Gene Phylogenetic Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lemar%20Blake">Lemar Blake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Oura"> Chris Oura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayanna%20C.%20N.%20Phillips%20Savage"> Ayanna C. N. Phillips Savage</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improved DNA sequencing technology has greatly enhanced bacterial identification, especially for organisms that are difficult to culture. Mycobacteriosis with consistent hyphema, bilateral exophthalmia, open mouth gape and ocular lesions, were observed in various fish populations at the School of Veterinary Medicine, Aquaculture/Aquatic Animal Health Unit. Objective: To identify the species of Mycobacterium that is affecting aquarium fish at the School of Veterinary Medicine, Aquaculture/Aquatic Animal Health Unit. Method: A total of 13 fish samples were collected and analyzed via: Ziehl-Neelsen, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR. These tests were carried out simultaneously for confirmation. The following combination of conventional primers: 16s rRNA (564 bp), rpoB (396 bp), sod (408 bp) were used. Concatenation of the gene fragments was carried out to phylogenetically classify the organism. Results: Acid fast non-branching bacilli were detected in all samples from homogenized internal organs. All 13 acid fast samples were positive for Mycobacterium via real-time PCR. Partial gene sequences using all three primer sets were obtained from two samples and demonstrated a novel strain. A strain 99% related to Mycobacterium marinum was also confirmed in one sample, using 16srRNA and rpoB genes. The two novel strains were clustered with the rapid growers and strains that are known to affect humans. Conclusions: Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated two novel Mycobacterium strains with the potential of being zoonotic and one strain 99% related to Mycobacterium marinum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20chain%20reaction" title="polymerase chain reaction">polymerase chain reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic" title=" phylogenetic"> phylogenetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20sequencing" title=" DNA sequencing"> DNA sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoonotic" title=" zoonotic "> zoonotic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124273/identifying-pathogenic-mycobacterium-species-using-multiple-gene-phylogenetic-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Therapeutic Effect of Diisopropyldithiocarbamate Sodium Salt Against Diclofenac Induced Testicular Damage in Male Wistar Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tella%20Toluwani">Tella Toluwani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adegbegi%20Ademuyiwa"> Adegbegi Ademuyiwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musei%20Chiedu"> Musei Chiedu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Odola"> Adekunle Odola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayangbenro%20Ayansina"> Ayangbenro Ayansina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adaramoye%20Oluwatosin"> Adaramoye Oluwatosin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dithiocarbamates are very useful biological agents with antioxidant properties. Diclofenac (DIC) is a non-steroidal analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic agent. The use of diclofenac has been linked with reproductive toxicity/damage. The purpose of this study is (i) To investigate the therapeutic potential of diisopropyldithiocarbamate sodium salt (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)) and vitamin E (VIT E) against diclofenac induced toxicity in the testes of male Wistar rats. (ii) To investigate the effect of (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)) and vitamin E on ameliorating damage done to the testes through histological analysis of the testes. Thirty-six (36) male Wistar rats were used for the experiment, they were divided into six (6) groups, the animals in group 1 served as control, animals in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 received DIC only, DIC and (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)), DIC and VIT E, (Na(i-Pr₂dtc) only and VIT E only respectively. A single dose of 100 mg/kg body weight of DIC was administered to male Wistar rats, while 30 mg/kg body weight of (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)) was used to treat both normal and DIC treated animals, control animals were treated with the vehicle, after 24 hrs of treatment the animals were euthanized and the testes were removed for analysis. The treatment of rats with Na(i-Pr₂dtc) significantly restored catalase (CAT) activity depressed by diclofenac. (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)) also restored glutathione levels reduced by DIC treatment and this was also accompanied by reduced lipid peroxidation (LPO) level. VIT E significantly restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity when compared with DIC only treated animals. Photomicrographs of testes from (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)) treated rats showed seminiferous epithelium with no lesions. We conclude that (Na(i-Pr₂dtc)) has an antioxidant effect, which might be related to the dose and duration of administration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diisopropyldithiocarbamate%20sodium%20salt" title="diisopropyldithiocarbamate sodium salt">diisopropyldithiocarbamate sodium salt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diclofenac" title=" diclofenac"> diclofenac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20E" title=" vitamin E"> vitamin E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testes" title=" testes"> testes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140082/therapeutic-effect-of-diisopropyldithiocarbamate-sodium-salt-against-diclofenac-induced-testicular-damage-in-male-wistar-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Predictors and 3-Year Outcomes of Compromised Left Circumflex Coronary Artery After Left Main Crossover Stenting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Ullah">Hameed Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Elakabawi"> Karim Elakabawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20KE"> Han KE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najeeb%20Ullah"> Najeeb Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Ullah"> Habib Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sardar%20Ali%20Shah"> Sardar Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20Haider%20Khan"> Hamad Haider Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asad%20Khan"> Muhammad Asad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ning%20Guo"> Ning Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuyi%20Yuan"> Zuyi Yuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Predictors of decreased fractional flow reserve at left circumflex coronary artery after left main (LM) crossover stenting are still lacking. The objectives of the present study were to provide the predictors for low Fractional flow reserve (FFR) at coronary artery (LCx) and the possible treatment strategies for the compromised LCx-together with their long term outcomes. Methods: A total of 563 included patients out of 1974 patients admitted to our hospital from February 2015 to November 2020 with significant distal LM-bifurcation lesions. The enrolled patients underwent single-stent cross-over PCI under IVUS guidance with further LCx intervention as indicated by measured FFR. Results: The included patients showed angiographic significant LCx ostial affection after LM-stenting, but only 116 (20.6%) patients had FFR <0.8. The 3-year composite MACE rates were comparable between the high and low FFR groups (16.8% vs. 15.5%, respectively; P=0.744). In a multivariable analysis, a low FFR in the LCx was associated with post-stenting MLA of the LCx (OR: 0.032, P <0.001), post-stenting LCx-plaque burden (OR: 1.166, P <0.001), post-stenting LM-MLA (OR: 0.821, P =0.038) and pre-stenting LCx-MLA (OR: 0.371, P =0.044). In patients with low FFR, management of compromised LCx with DEB had the lowest 3-year MACE rate (8.1%) as compared to either KBI (17.5%) or stenting group (20.5%), P =0.299. Conclusion: FFR-guided LCx intervention can avoid unnecessary LCx intervention. The post-stenting predictors of low FFR include post-stenting MLA and plaque burden of the LCx and MV stent length. The 3-year MACE rates were comparable between high FFR patients and patients who had low FFR and were adequately managed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20flow%20reserve" title="fractional flow reserve">fractional flow reserve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20main%20stem" title=" left main stem"> left main stem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percutaneous%20coronary%20interventions" title=" percutaneous coronary interventions"> percutaneous coronary interventions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intravascular%20ultrasound" title=" intravascular ultrasound"> intravascular ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185752/predictors-and-3-year-outcomes-of-compromised-left-circumflex-coronary-artery-after-left-main-crossover-stenting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Construction of a Dynamic Migration Model of Extracellular Fluid in Brain for Future Integrated Control of Brain State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomohiko%20Utsuki">Tomohiko Utsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoka%20Sato"> Kyoka Sato </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In emergency medicine, it is recognized that brain resuscitation is very important for the reduction of mortality rate and neurological sequelae. Especially, the control of brain temperature (BT), intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) are most required for stabilizing brain’s physiological state in the treatment for such as brain injury, stroke, and encephalopathy. However, the manual control of BT, ICP, and CBF frequently requires the decision and operation of medical staff, relevant to medication and the setting of therapeutic apparatus. Thus, the integration and the automation of the control of those is very effective for not only improving therapeutic effect but also reducing staff burden and medical cost. For realizing such integration and automation, a mathematical model of brain physiological state is necessary as the controlled object in simulations, because the performance test of a prototype of the control system using patients is not ethically allowed. A model of cerebral blood circulation has already been constructed, which is the most basic part of brain physiological state. Also, a migration model of extracellular fluid in brain has been constructed, however the condition that the total volume of intracranial cavity is almost changeless due to the hardness of cranial bone has not been considered in that model. Therefore, in this research, the dynamic migration model of extracellular fluid in brain was constructed on the consideration of the changelessness of intracranial cavity’s total volume. This model is connectable to the cerebral blood circulation model. The constructed model consists of fourteen compartments, twelve of which corresponds to perfused area of bilateral anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries, the others corresponds to cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid space. This model enable to calculate the migration of tissue fluid from capillaries to gray matter and white matter, the flow of tissue fluid between compartments, the production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid at choroid plexus and arachnoid granulation, and the production of metabolic water. Further, the volume, the colloid concentration, and the tissue pressure of/in each compartment are also calculable by solving 40-dimensional non-linear simultaneous differential equations. In this research, the obtained model was analyzed for its validation under the four condition of a normal adult, an adult with higher cerebral capillary pressure, an adult with lower cerebral capillary pressure, and an adult with lower colloid concentration in cerebral capillary. In the result, calculated fluid flow, tissue volume, colloid concentration, and tissue pressure were all converged to suitable value for the set condition within 60 minutes at a maximum. Also, because these results were not conflict with prior knowledge, it is certain that the model can enough represent physiological state of brain under such limited conditions at least. One of next challenges is to integrate this model and the already constructed cerebral blood circulation model. This modification enable to simulate CBF and ICP more precisely due to calculating the effect of blood pressure change to extracellular fluid migration and that of ICP change to CBF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20model" title="dynamic model">dynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20extracellular%20migration" title=" cerebral extracellular migration"> cerebral extracellular migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20resuscitation" title=" brain resuscitation"> brain resuscitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20control" title=" automatic control"> automatic control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93072/construction-of-a-dynamic-migration-model-of-extracellular-fluid-in-brain-for-future-integrated-control-of-brain-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Transcranial and Sacral Magnetic Stimulation as a Therapeutic Resource for Urinary Incontinence – A Brief Bibliographic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Lucia%20Molina">Ana Lucia Molina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique for the investigation and modulation of cortical excitability in humans. The modulation of the processing of different cortical areas can result in several areas for rehabilitation, showing great potential in the treatment of motor disorders. In the human brain, the supplementary motor area (SMA) is involved in the control of the pelvic floor muscles (MAP), where dysfunctions of these muscles can lead to urinary incontinence. Peripheral magnetic stimulation, specifically sacral magnetic stimulation, has been used as a safe and effective treatment option for patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction. A systematic literature review was carried out (Pubmed, Medline and Google academic database) without a time limit using the keywords: "transcranial magnetic stimulation", "sacral neuromodulation", and "urinary incontinence", where 11 articles attended to the inclusion criteria. Results: Thirteen articles were selected. Magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique widely used in the evaluation of cortical areas and their respective peripheral areas, as well as in the treatment of lesions of brain origin. With regard to pelvic-perineal disorders, repetitive transcranial stimulation showed significant effects in controlling urinary incontinence, as well as sacral peripheral magnetic stimulation, in addition to exerting the potential to restore bladder sphincter function. Conclusion: Data from the literature suggest that both transcranial stimulation and peripheral stimulation are non-invasive references that can be promising and effective means of treatment in pelvic and perineal disorders. More prospective and randomized studies on a larger scale are needed, adapting the most appropriate and resolving parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urinary%20incontinence" title="urinary incontinence">urinary incontinence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-invasive%20neuromodulation" title=" non-invasive neuromodulation"> non-invasive neuromodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacral%20neuromodulation" title=" sacral neuromodulation"> sacral neuromodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation." title=" transcranial magnetic stimulation."> transcranial magnetic stimulation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164197/transcranial-and-sacral-magnetic-stimulation-as-a-therapeutic-resource-for-urinary-incontinence-a-brief-bibliographic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Prevalence and Pathomorphological Study of Natural Coccidiosis in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khordadmehr">M. Khordadmehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20R.%20Ranjbar"> V. R. Ranjbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Norouzi"> R. Norouzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zeinoddin"> M. Zeinoddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coccidiosis is recognized as a serious parasitic disease problem limiting quail industry recently. But the data on incidence, clinical signs, species of coccidia and pathological changes in Japanese quail are rare, especially in Iran in spite of the significant improvement of commercial quail breeding in this country in recent decades. Therefore, in the present paper was studied natural infection of quail coccidiosis in three commercial rearing farms with 80% morbidity and 3% mortality rate. For this purpose, fecal sample, oocyst examination, and morphological study were performed beside necropsy, histopathology, and PCR to confirm the diagnosis. In the affected birds, clinical signs included brown diarrhea, weakness, and pale face. In the fecal examination, three species of the genus Eimeria were identified including E. uzura, E. bateri, and E. tsunodai. At necropsy, the main gross lesions were edema, congestion and small blood spots in the small intestine. In histopathologic examination, endogenous stages of the parasites associated with hyperplasia of the intestinal glands, mild congestion, infiltration of mononuclear cells, and edema were observed in the intestine. The molecular study using BSEF and BSER specific primers confirmed the presence of the genus Eimeria in the affected birds. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis showed relatively high bootstrap values in Japanese quail Eimeria with E. acervuline and E. maxima strains in the chicken. The present study is the first phylogenetic findings on Eimeria of quail which could be valuable for further research on Japanese quail coccidiosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coccidiosis" title="coccidiosis">coccidiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20Quail" title=" Japanese Quail"> Japanese Quail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathomorphology" title=" pathomorphology"> pathomorphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic%20analysis" title=" phylogenetic analysis"> phylogenetic analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85394/prevalence-and-pathomorphological-study-of-natural-coccidiosis-in-japanese-quails-coturnix-coturnix-japonica-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> The Benefit of a Universal Screening Program for Lipid Disorders in Two to Ten Years Old Lebanese Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20Georges">Nicolas Georges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akiki%20Simon"> Akiki Simon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bassil%20Naim"> Bassil Naim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawfal%20Georges"> Nawfal Georges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abi%20Fares%20Georges"> Abi Fares Georges</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Dyslipidemia has been recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. While the development of atherosclerotic lesions begins in childhood and progresses throughout life, data on the prevalence of dyslipidemic children in Lebanon is lacking. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the benefit of a protocol for universal screening for lipid disorder in Lebanese children aged between two and ten years old. Materials and Methods: A total of four hundred children aged 2 to 10 years old (51.5% boys) were included in the study. The subjects were recruited from private pediatric clinics after parental consent. Fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured and non-HDL cholesterol was calculated. The values were categorized according to 2011 Expert on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents. Results: The overall prevalence of high TC ( ≥ 200 mg/dL), high non-HDL-C ( ≥ 145 mg/dL), high LDL ( ≥ 130 mg/dL), high TG ( ≥ 100 mg/dL) and low HDL ( < 40 mg/dL) was respectively 19.5%, 23%, 19%, 31.8% and 20%. The overall frequency of dyslipidemia was 51.7%. In a bivariate analysis, dyslipidemia in children was associated with a BMI ≥ 95ᵗʰ percentile and parents having TC > 240 mg/dL with a P value respectively of 0.006 and 0.0001. Furthermore, high TG was independently associated with a BMI ≥ 95ᵗʰ percentile (P=0.0001). Children with parents having TC > 240 mg/dL was significantly correlated with high TC, high non-HDL-C and high LDL (P=0.0001 for all variables). Finally, according to the Pediatric dyslipidemia screening guidelines from the 2011 Expert Panel, 62.3% of dyslipidemic children had at least 1 risk factor that qualified them for screening while 37.7% of them didn’t have any risk factor. Conclusions: It is preferable to review the latest pediatric dyslipidemia screening guidelines by performing a universal screening program since a third of our dyslipidemic Lebanese children have been missed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20risk%20factors" title="cardiovascular risk factors">cardiovascular risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyslipidemia" title=" dyslipidemia"> dyslipidemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lebanese%20children" title=" Lebanese children"> Lebanese children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91958/the-benefit-of-a-universal-screening-program-for-lipid-disorders-in-two-to-ten-years-old-lebanese-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Genetics of Atopic Dermatitis: Role of Cytokines Genes Polymorphisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghaleb%20Bin%20Huraib">Ghaleb Bin Huraib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Al%20Harthi"> Fahad Al Harthi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misbahul%20Arfin"> Misbahul Arfin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Al-Asmari"> Abdulrahman Al-Asmari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe itching and recurrent relapsing eczema-like skin lesions, affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults in industrialized countries. AD is a complex multifactorial disease, and its exact etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gene polymorphisms of T helper cell subtype Th1 and Th2 cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1on AD susceptibility in a Saudi cohort. One hundred four unrelated patients with AD and 195 healthy controls were genotyped for IFN-γ (874A/T), IL-6 (174G/C) and TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphisms using ARMS-PCR and PCR-RFLP technique. The frequency of genotypes AA and AT of IFN-γ (874A/T) differed significantly among patients and controls (P 0.001). The genotype AT was increased while genotype AA was decreased in AD patients as compared to controls. AD patients also had higher frequency of T containing genotypes (AT+TT) than controls (P = 0.001). The frequencies of allele T and A were statistically different in patients and controls (P = 0.04). The frequencies of genotype GG and allele G of IL-6 (174G/C) were significantly higher while genotype GC and allele C were lower in AD patients than controls. There was no significant difference in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes of TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphism between patient and control groups. These results showed that susceptibility to AD is influenced by presence or absence of genotypes of IFN-γ (874A/T) and IL-6 (174G/C) polymorphisms. It is concluded that T-allele and T-containing genotypes (AT+TT) of IFN-γ (874A/T) and G-allele and GG genotype ofIL-6 (174G/C) polymorphisms are susceptible to AD in Saudis.On the other hand, the TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphism may not be associated with AD risk in Saudi population however further studies with large sample size are required to confirm these findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atopic%20dermatitis" title="atopic dermatitis">atopic dermatitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interferon-%CE%B3" title=" interferon-γ"> interferon-γ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interleukin-6" title=" interleukin-6"> interleukin-6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transforming%20growth%20factor-%CE%B21" title=" transforming growth factor-β1"> transforming growth factor-β1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphism" title=" polymorphism"> polymorphism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158922/genetics-of-atopic-dermatitis-role-of-cytokines-genes-polymorphisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cranial%20lesions&page=9" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cranial%20lesions&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cranial%20lesions&page=2">2</a></li> <li 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