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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Cele_mai_vechi_mărci_comerciale_utilizate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cele_mai_vechi_mărci_comerciale_utilizate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Cele mai vechi mărci comerciale utilizate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cele_mai_vechi_mărci_comerciale_utilizate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simboluri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simboluri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Simboluri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simboluri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-În_România" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#În_România"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>În România</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-În_România-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-În_U.E." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#În_U.E."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>În U.E.</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-În_U.E.-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle În U.E. subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-În_U.E.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marcă_comunitară" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marcă_comunitară"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Marcă comunitară</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marcă_comunitară-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Validitate_și_protecție" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Validitate_și_protecție"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Validitate și protecție</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Validitate_și_protecție-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marca_Comunitară_și_Protocolul_de_la_Madrid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marca_Comunitară_și_Protocolul_de_la_Madrid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Marca Comunitară și Protocolul de la Madrid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marca_Comunitară_și_Protocolul_de_la_Madrid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcă înregistrată</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 75 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceapungt%C4%81cn" title="Ceapungtācn – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ceapungtācn" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="علامة تجارية – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علامة تجارية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fmt%C9%99%C9%99_ni%C5%9Fan%C4%B1" title="Əmtəə nişanı – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əmtəə nişanı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Таварны знак – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Таварны знак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Таварны знак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Таварны знак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8r%C3%A8k_dagang" title="Mèrèk dagang – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mèrèk dagang" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Търговска марка – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Търговска марка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="বাণিজ্যিক মার্কা – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাণিজ্যিক মার্কা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marca_registrada" title="Marca registrada – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Marca registrada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochrann%C3%A1_zn%C3%A1mka" title="Ochranná známka – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ochranná známka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varem%C3%A6rke" title="Varemærke – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Varemærke" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marke_(Recht)" title="Marke (Recht) – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Marke (Recht)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%83%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Εμπορικό σήμα – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εμπορικό σήμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Trademark" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registrita_marko" title="Registrita marko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Registrita marko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marca_(registro)" title="Marca (registro) – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Marca (registro)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaubam%C3%A4rk" title="Kaubamärk – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaubamärk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marka_erregistratu" title="Marka erregistratu – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Marka erregistratu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="نماد بازرگانی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نماد بازرگانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavaramerkki" title="Tavaramerkki – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tavaramerkki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droit_des_marques" title="Droit des marques – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Droit des marques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merknamme" title="Merknamme – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Merknamme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A1dmharc" title="Trádmharc – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Trádmharc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marca_rexistrada" title="Marca rexistrada – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Marca rexistrada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%97%D7%A8" title="סימן מסחר – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סימן מסחר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="ट्रेडमार्क – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ट्रेडमार्क" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDig" title="Žig – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Žig" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9djegy" title="Védjegy – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Védjegy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B7" title="Ապրանքանիշ – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ապրանքանիշ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merek_dagang" title="Merek dagang – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Merek dagang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marka_ti_pabrika" title="Marka ti pabrika – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Marka ti pabrika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6rumerki" title="Vörumerki – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vörumerki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marchio_registrato" title="Marchio registrato – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marchio registrato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A8%99" title="商標 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="商標" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სავაჭრო ნიშანი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სავაჭრო ნიშანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Тауар таңбасы – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тауар таңбасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D_(%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%86_)" title="ಟ್ರೇಡ್ ಮಾರ್ಕ್ (ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ ಸೂಚಕ ಚಿನ್ಹೆ ) – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟ್ರೇಡ್ ಮಾರ್ಕ್ (ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ ಸೂಚಕ ಚಿನ್ಹೆ )" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%81%ED%91%9C" title="상표 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="상표" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Товардык белги – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Товардык белги" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prek%C4%97s_%C5%BEenklas" title="Prekės ženklas – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prekės ženklas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre%C4%8Du_z%C4%ABme" title="Preču zīme – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Preču zīme" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Регистриран заштитен знак – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Регистриран заштитен знак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0" title="വ്യാപാരമുദ്ര – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വ്യാപാരമുദ്ര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="व्यापारमुद्रा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="व्यापारमुद्रा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanda_dagangan" title="Tanda dagangan – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tanda dagangan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk" title="Merk – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Merk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varemerke" title="Varemerke – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Varemerke" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varemerke" title="Varemerke – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Varemerke" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znak_towarowy" title="Znak towarowy – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Znak towarowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="تجارتی مارک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تجارتی مارک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marca_registrada" title="Marca registrada – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marca registrada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Товарный знак – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Товарный знак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تجارتي نشان – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="تجارتي نشان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDig" title="Žig – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Žig" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%85%E0%B6%B3_%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB" title="වෙළඳ ලකුණ – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වෙළඳ ලකුණ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Trademark" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochrann%C3%A1_zn%C3%A1mka" title="Ochranná známka – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ochranná známka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blagovna_znamka" title="Blagovna znamka – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Blagovna znamka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marka_tregtare" title="Marka tregtare – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Marka tregtare" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Жиг – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Жиг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varum%C3%A4rke" title="Varumärke – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Varumärke" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alama_biashara" title="Alama biashara – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Alama biashara" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வணிகச் சின்னம் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வணிகச் சின்னம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D" title="ట్రేడ్‌మార్క్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ట్రేడ్‌మార్క్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="เครื่องหมายการค้า – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เครื่องหมายการค้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatak-pangkalakal" title="Tatak-pangkalakal – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tatak-pangkalakal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tescilli_marka" title="Tescilli marka – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tescilli marka" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8B%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="تاۋار ماركىسى – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تاۋار ماركىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Торговельна марка – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Торговельна марка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%81" title="تجارتی مارکہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تجارتی مارکہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_hi%E1%BB%87u" title="Thương hiệu – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thương hiệu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A0%87" title="商标 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="商标" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A0%87" title="商标 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="商标" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siong-phiau" title="Siong-phiau – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siong-phiau" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%98%9C%E9%A0%AD" title="嘜頭 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="嘜頭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMarc%25C4%2583_%25C3%25AEnregistrat%25C4%2583"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Marc%C4%83+%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Registered_trademark" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q167270" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="dezambiguizare">Acest articol se referă la Marcă înregistrată.  Pentru alte sensuri, vedeți <a href="/wiki/Marc%C4%83_(dezambiguizare)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Marcă (dezambiguizare)">Marcă (dezambiguizare)</a>.</div><p><b>Marca înregistrată</b> sau <b>marca comercială</b>, (în limba engleză <i><b>Trademark</b></i>, sau <i><b>Trade mark</b></i>), identificată prin simbolul ®, reprezintă un însemn distinctiv utilizat de un individ, organizație comercială sau altă persoană juridică pentru a identifica un produs sau serviciu în fața potențialilor consumatori, și pentru a arăta că toate produsele ce o poartă provin dintr-o sursă unică, pentru a face distincția între produsele sau serviciile proprii și cele ale altor entități. O marcă comercială este o formă de <a href="/wiki/Proprietate_intelectual%C4%83" title="Proprietate intelectuală">proprietate intelectuală</a>, de regulă un nume, un cuvânt, o frază, un <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Simbol" title="Simbol">simbol</a>, o imagine, sau o combinație a acestor elemente. </p><p>Proprietarul unei mărci înregistrate poate iniția proces pentru a preveni utilizarea neautorizată a mărcii pe care o deține. Înregistrarea unei mărci nu este întotdeauna obligatorie. Proprietarul unei mărci neînregistrate poate și el să inițieze proces, dar o marcă neînregistrată poate fi protejată doar în aria geografică în care este folosită sau în regiuni în care ar fi de așteptat să se extindă. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cele_mai_vechi_mărci_comerciale_utilizate"><span id="Cele_mai_vechi_m.C4.83rci_comerciale_utilizate"></span>Cele mai vechi mărci comerciale utilizate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Cele mai vechi mărci comerciale utilizate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Cele mai vechi mărci comerciale utilizate"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zildjian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zildjian — pagină inexistentă">Zildjian</a>, o companie producătoare de instrumente de percuție, deține cea mai veche marcă înregistrată folosită continuu până în ziua de azi în SUA. În primii două sute de ani, marca a fost utilizată în Turcia, familia mutându-se ulterior în SUA. Sticlarii <a href="/wiki/Vene%C8%9Bia" title="Veneția">venețieni</a> au utilizat o marcă comercială de multă vreme. În diverse tratate, se spune că fierarii care fabricau săbii din <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman" title="Imperiul Roman">Imperiul Roman</a> au fost primii utilizatori de mărci comerciale.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alte mărci comerciale utilizate vreme îndelungată sunt <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6wenbr%C3%A4u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Löwenbräu — pagină inexistentă">Löwenbräu</a>, deținătorii căreia spun că este folosită din 1383, și <a href="/wiki/Stella_Artois" title="Stella Artois">Stella Artois</a> din 1366. </p><p>Înregistrarea mărcilor se face la diferite oficii guvernamentale de înregistrare. Cele mai vechi mărci înregistrate în diverse țări au fost: </p> <ul><li>În <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>: 1905 – un logo cu un <a href="/wiki/Brad" title="Brad">brad</a>, utilizat de Fisons plc. pentru substanțe chimice.</li> <li>În <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>: 1874 – Marca <a href="/wiki/Nestle" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestle">Nestle</a> cu un vultur pentru <a href="/wiki/Lapte_condensat" title="Lapte condensat">lapte condensat</a>.</li> <li>În <a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">Japonia</a>: 1884 – o persoană așezată, marcă înregistrată pentru medicamente.</li> <li>În <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatul Unit</a>: 1876 – Triunghiul roșu al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bass_Brewery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bass Brewery — pagină inexistentă">fabricii de bere Bass</a> a fost prima marcă înregistrată conform legii înregistrării mărcilor din 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>În <a href="/wiki/SUA" class="mw-redirect" title="SUA">SUA</a>: 1870 – un vultur, marcă utilizată pentru vopselurile Averill Paints, nefolosită în prezent.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simboluri">Simboluri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Simboluri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Simboluri"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În SUA, simbolurile ™ (pentru marcă neînregistrată) și ® (pentru mărcile înregistrate) reprezintă statutul legal al unei mărci și nivelul de protecție. Simbolul ™ poate fi utilizat cu orice marcă, iar ® se poate utiliza doar de către proprietarul unei mărci înregistrate oficial. Simbolul se aplică imediat în dreapta și deasupra mărcii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="În_România"><span id=".C3.8En_Rom.C3.A2nia"></span>În România</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: În România" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: În România"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Deși o lege pentru protecția mărcilor fusese adoptată încă din <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a>, prima marcă românească brevetată a apărut de abia pe <a href="/wiki/13_februarie" title="13 februarie">13 februarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>, potrivit arhivelor <a href="/wiki/Oficiul_de_Stat_pentru_Inven%C8%9Bii_%C8%99i_M%C4%83rci" title="Oficiul de Stat pentru Invenții și Mărci">Oficiului de Stat pentru Invenții și Mărci</a> (OSIM).<sup id="cite_ref-r2012-07-07_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r2012-07-07-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 1913 au fost înregistrate medicamentul <i>Nevrosal</i> și apa minerală <i>Bușteni</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-r2012-07-07_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r2012-07-07-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="În_U.E."><span id=".C3.8En_U.E."></span>În U.E.</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: În U.E." class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: În U.E."><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marcă_comunitară"><span id="Marc.C4.83_comunitar.C4.83"></span>Marcă comunitară</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Marcă comunitară" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Marcă comunitară"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marca comunitară este o marcă înregistrată valabilă pe întreg teritoriul <a href="/wiki/Uniunii_Europene" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniunii Europene">Uniunea Europeană</a> timp de 10 ani <sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, în fiecare țară din statele membre ale <a href="/wiki/Uniunii_Europene" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniunii Europene">Uniunea Europeană</a>. Acesta este administrată de <a href="/w/index.php?title=OHIM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OHIM — pagină inexistentă">OHIM</a> (Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market) care a fost introdus în <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>. </p><p>Spre deosebire de o înregistrare de marcă națională, în România, la <a href="/wiki/OSIM" class="mw-redirect" title="OSIM">OSIM</a> (Oficiul de Stat pentru Invenții și Mărci), Marca Comunitară funcționează ca un sistem cu o singura aplicare. Marca Comunitară nu anulează înregistrarea unei mărci la nivel național, ele pot funcționa în paralel fără să se influențeze una pe cealaltă. O marcă înregistrată la <a href="/wiki/OSIM" class="mw-redirect" title="OSIM">OSIM</a> este valabilă doar pentru teritoriul țării.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Validitate_și_protecție"><span id="Validitate_.C8.99i_protec.C8.9Bie"></span>Validitate și protecție</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Validitate și protecție" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Validitate și protecție"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O marcă comunitară este valabilă în țările membre ale Uniunii Europene: <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgia" title="Belgia">Belgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cipru" title="Cipru">Cipru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republica_Ceh%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Cehă">Republica Cehă</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finlanda" title="Finlanda">Finlanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia">Grecia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irlanda" title="Irlanda">Irlanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Letonia" title="Letonia">Letonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Olanda">Olanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugalia" title="Portugalia">Portugalia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A2nia" title="România">România</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovacia" title="Slovacia">Slovacia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spania" title="Spania">Spania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suedia" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ungaria" title="Ungaria">Ungaria</a> și <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatul Unit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Proprietarul mărcii comunitare are drepturi exclusive asupra mărcii sale și împiedică utilizarea acesteia de alte părți. </p><p>O marcă comunitară este valabilă timp de 10 ani din momentul în care a fost înregistrată și poate fi reînnoită pentru perioade de câte 10 ani pe termen nelimitat.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reînregistrarea mărcii se poate face cu cel mult 6 luni înainte ca aceasta să nu mai fie valabilă. </p><p>Înainte ca o marcă comunitară să fie acceptată și înregistrată aceasta trebuie verificată în tot sistemul pentru fiecare țară în parte. În cazul în care într-una din țările membre există o marcă înregistrată identică sau similară, cererea va fi respinsă și pentru toate celelalte țări membre. Dacă există cereri de respingere pentru o anumită marca, aceasta va fi respinsă în toate statele membre, sistemul Mărcii Comunitare funcționează unitar. Dificultăți pentru înregistrarea unei mărci pot să apară în momentul în care două mărci similare sunt in curs de negociere pentru obținerea mărcii comunitare.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marca_Comunitară_și_Protocolul_de_la_Madrid"><span id="Marca_Comunitar.C4.83_.C8.99i_Protocolul_de_la_Madrid"></span>Marca Comunitară și Protocolul de la Madrid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Marca Comunitară și Protocolul de la Madrid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Marca Comunitară și Protocolul de la Madrid"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Asemănător Mărcii Comunitare există protocolul de la Madrid. Prin intermediul acestuia se pot înregistra mărci care să fie valabile în toate statele care participă la acest protocol. Sunt 89 de state membre de pe tot globul. </p><p>Diferența principală dintre cele două este că pentru a avea o marcă înregistrată la nivel internațional care sa fie valabilă în țările semnatare ale Protocolului de la Madrid trebuie să ai mai întâi marca înregistrată și activă la nivel național, abia apoi poți aplica și pentru o marcă înregistrată la nivel internațional.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Gary Richardson, Brand Names Before the Industrial Revolution, National Bureau of Economic Research disponibil la <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nber.org/papers/w13930">http://www.nber.org/papers/w13930</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-find/t-find-number?detailsrequested=C&trademark=1">Intellectual Property Office - Results</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090402202657/http://www.schwimmerlegal.com/2002/10/some_of_the_old.html">„Some of the Oldest Trademarks in the World « The Trademark Blog”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.schwimmerlegal.com/2002/10/some_of_the_old.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2009-04-02">2 aprilie 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-05-14">14 mai 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Some+of+the+Oldest+Trademarks+in+the+World+%C2%AB+The+Trademark+Blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.schwimmerlegal.com%2F2002%2F10%2Fsome_of_the_old.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AMarc%C4%83+%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-r2012-07-07-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-r2012-07-07_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-r2012-07-07_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jurnalul.ro/special/marcile-noastre-70330.htm">Marcile noastre</a><sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup>, 13 aprilie 2004, <i>Jurnalul Național</i>, accesat la 7 iulie 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerat2-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerat2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerat2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130622062040/http://oami.europa.eu/ows/rw/pages/CTM/communityTradeMark/communityTradeMark.en.do">„Home”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oami.europa.eu/ows/rw/pages/CTM/communityTradeMark/communityTradeMark.en.do">original</a> la <time datetime="2013-06-22">22 iunie 2013</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2013-04-02">2 aprilie 2013</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foami.europa.eu%2Fows%2Frw%2Fpages%2FCTM%2FcommunityTradeMark%2FcommunityTradeMark.en.do&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AMarc%C4%83+%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iqads.ro/dictionar/marca_inregistrata">Marca inregistrata</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerat1-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerat1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerat1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerat1_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130426080714/http://www.inta.org/TrademarkBasics/FactSheets/Pages/CommunityTradeMarkFactSheet.aspx">„Community Trade Mark”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inta.org/TrademarkBasics/FactSheets/Pages/CommunityTradeMarkFactSheet.aspx">original</a> la <time datetime="2013-04-26">26 aprilie 2013</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2013-04-02">2 aprilie 2013</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Community+Trade+Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inta.org%2FTrademarkBasics%2FFactSheets%2FPages%2FCommunityTradeMarkFactSheet.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AMarc%C4%83+%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc%C4%83_%C3%AEnregistrat%C4%83&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zf.ro/ziarul-de-duminica/de-la-brand-la-brandmanie-6441285/">De la brand la brandmanie</a>, 23 iunie 2010, Alexandru Ciolan, <i>Ziarul de Duminică</i></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX524679">XX524679</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135052424">cb135052424</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135052424">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4114513-6">4114513-6</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a 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