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Ben Cheikh Larbi</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: A. Ben Cheikh Larbi"> <meta name="keywords" content="A. Ben Cheikh Larbi"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="A. 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Ben Cheikh Larbi"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 60</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: A. Ben Cheikh Larbi</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> A Nanoindentation Study of Thin Film Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhiflaoui%20Hafedh">Dhiflaoui Hafedh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khlifi%20Kaouther"> Khlifi Kaouther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Cheikh%20Larbi%20Ahmed"> Ben Cheikh Larbi Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Monolayer and multilayer coatings of CrN and AlCrN deposited on 100Cr6 (AISI 52100) substrate by PVD magnetron sputtering system. The micro structures of the coatings were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM analysis revealed the presence of domes and craters which are uniformly distributed over all surfaces of the various layers. Nano indentation measurement of CrN coating showed maximum hardness (H) and modulus (E) of 14 GPa and 240 GPa, respectively. The measured H and E values of AlCrN coatings were found to be 30 GPa and 382 GPa, respectively. The improved hardness in both the coatings was attributed mainly to a reduction in crystallite size and decrease in surface roughness. The incorporation of Al into the CrN coatings has improved both hardness and Young’s modulus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CrN" title="CrN">CrN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AlCrN%20coatings" title=" AlCrN coatings"> AlCrN coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoindentation" title=" nanoindentation"> nanoindentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21853/a-nanoindentation-study-of-thin-film-prepared-by-physical-vapor-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">557</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Mechanical Behavior of PVD Single Layer and Multilayer under Indentation Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kaouther">K. Kaouther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Hafedh"> D. Hafedh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ben%20Cheikh%20Larbi"> A. Ben Cheikh Larbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various structures and compositions thin films were deposited on 100C6 (AISI 52100) steel substrate by PVD magnetron sputtering system. The morphological proprieties were evaluated using an atomic force microscopy (AFM). Vickers microindentation tests were performed with a Shimadzu HMV-2000 hardness testing machine. Hardness measurement was carried out using Jonsson and Hogmark model. The results show that the coatings topography was dominated by domes and craters. Mechanical behavior and failure modes under microindentation were depending of coatings structure and composition. TiAlN multilayer showed exception in the microindentation resistance compared to TiN single layer and TiAlN/TiAlN nanolayer. Piled structure provides an increase of failure resistance and a decrease in cracks propagation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVD%20thin%20films" title="PVD thin films">PVD thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microindentation" title=" microindentation"> microindentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking" title=" cracking"> cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20mechanisms" title=" damage mechanisms"> damage mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21806/mechanical-behavior-of-pvd-single-layer-and-multilayer-under-indentation-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Amelioration of Stability and Rheological Properties of a Crude Oil-Based Drilling Mud</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammadi%20Larbi">Hammadi Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bergane%20Cheikh"> Bergane Cheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drilling for oil is done through many mechanisms. The goal is first to dig deep and then, after arriving at the oil source, to simply suck it up. And for this, it is important to know the role of oil-based drilling muds, which had many benefits for the drilling tool and for drilling generally, and also and essentially to know the rheological behavior of the emulsion system in particular water-in-oil inverse emulsions (Water/crude oil). This work contributes to the improvement of the stability and rheological properties of crude oil-based drilling mud by organophilic clay. Experimental data from steady-state flow measurements of crude oil-based drilling mud are classically analyzed by the Herschel-Bulkley model. The effects of organophilic clay type VG69 are studied. Microscopic observation showed that the addition of quantities of organophilic clay type VG69 less than or equal to 3 g leads to the stability of inverse Water/Oil emulsions; on the other hand, for quantities greater than 3g, the emulsions are destabilized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title="drilling">drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organophilic%20clay" title=" organophilic clay"> organophilic clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20oil" title=" crude oil"> crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157950/amelioration-of-stability-and-rheological-properties-of-a-crude-oil-based-drilling-mud" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Effect of the Workpiece Position on the Manufacturing Tolerances</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahou%20Mohamed">Rahou Mohamed </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebaa%20Fethi"> Sebaa Fethi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheikh%20Abdelmadjid"> Cheikh Abdelmadjid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Manufacturing tolerancing is intended to determine the intermediate geometrical and dimensional states of the part during its manufacturing process. These manufacturing dimensions also serve to satisfy not only the functional requirements given in the definition drawing but also the manufacturing constraints, for example geometrical defects of the machine, vibration, and the wear of the cutting tool. The choice of positioning has an important influence on the cost and quality of manufacture. To avoid this problem, a two-step approach have been developed. The first step is dedicated to the determination of the optimum position. As for the second step, a study was carried out for the tightening effect on the tolerance interval. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title="dispersion">dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolerance" title=" tolerance"> tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing" title=" manufacturing"> manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=position" title=" position"> position</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24541/effect-of-the-workpiece-position-on-the-manufacturing-tolerances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Merging of Results in Distributed Information Retrieval Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Guezouli">Larbi Guezouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imane%20Azzouz"> Imane Azzouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is located in the domain of distributed information retrieval ‘DIR’. A simplified view of the DIR requires a multi-search in a set of collections, which forces the system to analyze results found in these collections, and merge results back before sending them to the user in a single list. Our work is to find a fusion method based on the relevance score of each result received from collections and the relevance of the local search engine of each collection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20retrieval" title="information retrieval">information retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20IR%20systems" title=" distributed IR systems"> distributed IR systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=merging%20results" title=" merging results"> merging results</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=datamining" title=" datamining"> datamining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37130/merging-of-results-in-distributed-information-retrieval-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Selection of Relevant Servers in Distributed Information Retrieval System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benhamouda%20Sara">Benhamouda Sara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guezouli%20Larbi"> Guezouli Larbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the dissemination of information touches the distributed world, where selecting the relevant servers to a user request is an important problem in distributed information retrieval. During the last decade, several research studies on this issue have been launched to find optimal solutions and many approaches of collection selection have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a new collection selection approach that takes into consideration the number of documents in a collection that contains terms of the query and the weights of those terms in these documents. We tested our method and our studies show that this technique can compete with other state-of-the-art algorithms that we choose to test the performance of our approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20information%20retrieval" title="distributed information retrieval">distributed information retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relevance" title=" relevance"> relevance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=server%20selection" title=" server selection"> server selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collection%20selection" title=" collection selection"> collection selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37133/selection-of-relevant-servers-in-distributed-information-retrieval-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> On-Road Text Detection Platform for Driver Assistance Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guezouli%20Larbi">Guezouli Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belkacem%20Soundes"> Belkacem Soundes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The automation of the text detection process can help the human in his driving task. Its application can be very useful to help drivers to have more information about their environment by facilitating the reading of road signs such as directional signs, events, stores, etc. In this paper, a system consisting of two stages has been proposed. In the first one, we used pseudo-Zernike moments to pinpoint areas of the image that may contain text. The architecture of this part is based on three main steps, region of interest (ROI) detection, text localization, and non-text region filtering. Then, in the second step, we present a convolutional neural network architecture (On-Road Text Detection Network - ORTDN) which is considered a classification phase. The results show that the proposed framework achieved ≈ 35 fps and an mAP of ≈ 90%, thus a low computational time with competitive accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20detection" title="text detection">text detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PZM" title=" PZM"> PZM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161507/on-road-text-detection-platform-for-driver-assistance-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Control Law Design of a Wheeled Robot Mobile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghania%20Zidani">Ghania Zidani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Drid"> Said Drid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Chrifi-Alaoui"> Larbi Chrifi-Alaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdeslam%20Benmakhlouf"> Abdeslam Benmakhlouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souad%20Chaouch"> Souad Chaouch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we focus on the study for path tracking control of unicycle-type Wheeled Mobile Robots (WMR), by applying the Backstepping technic. The latter is a relatively new technic for nonlinear systems. To solve the problem of constraints nonholonomics met in the path tracking of such robots, an adaptive Backstepping based nonlinear controller is developed. The stability of the controller is guaranteed, using the Lyapunov theory. Simulation results show that the proposed controller achieves the objective and ensures good path tracking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Backstepping%20control" title="Backstepping control">Backstepping control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic%20and%20dynamic%20controllers" title=" kinematic and dynamic controllers"> kinematic and dynamic controllers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20methods" title=" Lyapunov methods"> Lyapunov methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20control%20systems" title=" nonlinear control systems"> nonlinear control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wheeled%20Mobile%20Robot%20%28WMR%29." title=" Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR)."> Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22322/control-law-design-of-a-wheeled-robot-mobile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Modelling the Anaerobic Digestion of Esparto Paper Industry Wastewater Effluent in a Batch Digester Using IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boubaker%20Fezzani">Boubaker Fezzani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridha%20Ben%20Cheikh"> Ridha Ben Cheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Rouissi"> Tarek Rouissi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work the original ADM1, implemented in the simulation software package MATLAB/Simulink, was modified and adapted and applied to reproduce the experimental results of the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of Esperto paper industry wastewater in a batch digester. The data set from lab-scale experiment runs were used to calibrate and validate the model. The simulations’ results indicated that the modified ADM1 was able to predict reasonably well the steady state results of gas flows, methane and carbon dioxide contents, pH and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) observed with all influents concentrations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title="anaerobic digestion">anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modelling" title=" mathematical modelling"> mathematical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simulation" title=" Simulation"> Simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADM1" title=" ADM1"> ADM1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=batch%20digester" title=" batch digester"> batch digester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esparto%20%20paper%20industry%20effluent" title=" esparto paper industry effluent"> esparto paper industry effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesophilic%20temperature" title=" mesophilic temperature"> mesophilic temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37483/modelling-the-anaerobic-digestion-of-esparto-paper-industry-wastewater-effluent-in-a-batch-digester-using-iwa-anaerobic-digestion-model-no-1-adm1" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Effect of the Addition of Additives on the Improvement of the Performances of Lead–Acid Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Foudia">Malika Foudia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Zerroual"> Larbi Zerroual </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this work is to improve the electrical proprieties of lead-acid battery with the addition of additives in electrolyte and in the cured plates before oxidation. The results showed that the addition of surfactant in sulfuric acid and 3% mineral additive in the cured plates change the morphology and the crystallite size of PAM after oxidation. The discharge capacity increases with the decrease of the crystallite size and the resistance of the active mass. This shows that the addition of mineral additive and the surfactant additive to the PAM, the electrical performance and the cycle life of lead- acid battery are significantly increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead-acid%20battery" title="lead-acid battery">lead-acid battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additives" title=" additives"> additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20plate" title=" positive plate"> positive plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impedance%20%28EIS%29." title=" impedance (EIS). "> impedance (EIS). </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23332/effect-of-the-addition-of-additives-on-the-improvement-of-the-performances-of-lead-acid-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Modeling the Time-Dependent Rheological Behavior of Clays Used in Fabrication of Ceramic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Hammadi">Larbi Hammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Boudjenane"> N. Boudjenane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Benhallou"> N. Benhallou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Houjedje"> R. Houjedje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Reffis"> R. Reffis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Belhadri"> M. Belhadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many of clays exhibited the thixotropic behavior in which, the apparent viscosity of material decreases with time of shearing at constant shear rate. The structural kinetic model (SKM) was used to characterize the thixotropic behavior of two different kinds of clays used in fabrication of ceramic. Clays selected for analysis represent the fluid and semisolid clays materials. The SKM postulates that the change in the rheological behavior is associated with shear-induced breakdown of the internal structure of the clays. This model for the structure decay with time at constant shear rate assumes nth order kinetics for the decay of the material structure with a rate constant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic" title="ceramic">ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clays" title=" clays"> clays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20kinetic%20model" title=" structural kinetic model"> structural kinetic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thixotropy" title=" thixotropy"> thixotropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31716/modeling-the-time-dependent-rheological-behavior-of-clays-used-in-fabrication-of-ceramic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Legume Grain as Alternative to Soya Bean Meal in Small Ruminant Diets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abidi%20Sourour">Abidi Sourour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Salem%20Hichem"> Ben Salem Hichem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoghlemi%20Aziza"> Zoghlemi Aziza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mezni%20Mejid"> Mezni Mejid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasri%20Saida"> Nasri Saida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Tunisia, there is an urgent need to maintain food security by reversing soil degradation and improving crop and livestock productivity. Conservation Agriculture (CA) can be helpful in enhancing crop productivity and soil health. However, the demand for crop residues as animal feed are among the major constraints for the adoption of CA. Thus, the objective of this trial is to test the nutritional value of new forage mixture hays as alternative to cereal residues. Two tri-specific cereal-legume mixture were studied and compared to the classic Vetch-Oat one. They were implemented at farm level in four regions characterized by sub-humi climatic: V70-A15-T15 (Vetch70% - Oat15% -Triticale15%) installed in two sites (Zhir and safasaf), V60-A7-T33 (Vetch60% - Oat7% -Triticale33%) and V70-A30 (Vetch70%-Oat30%). Results revealed a significant variation between mixtures V70-A15-T15 installed at Safsafa, recorded the highest forage yield with 12t DM ha-1 than V60A7T33 and V70A30 installed, respectively in ksar cheikh and Fernana with 11.6 and 11.2.tMSha-1. The same mixture installed in Safsafa gave 22% less yields than the one installed in Safsafa. In fact, the month of March was dry in Z'hir. Moreover, these yields in DM can be comparable to those observed by Yucel and Avci (2009). The CP contents of the samples studied vary significantly between the mixtures (P<0.0003). V70-A15-T15 installed in Safsaf and V70A30 present higher contents of CP (respectively 14.4 and 13.7% DM) compared to the other mixtures. These contents are explained by the high proportion of vetch in the fourth mixture and by the low proportion of weeds in the second. In all cases, the hay produced from these mixtures is significantly richer in protein than that of oats in pure culture (Abdelraheem et al., 2019). The positive correlation between the CP content and the proportion of vetch explains this superior quality. The NDF and ADF contents were similar for all mixtures. These values were similar to those reported in the literature (Abidi and Benyoussef, 2019; Haj-Ayed and al., 2000). In general, the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) was significantly greater than 1 for the vetch-oat-triticale mixture at Zhiir and Safsafa and also for the vetch-oat a at Fernana, proving that they are more productive in intercropping than in pure culture. For the Ksar Cheikh site, the LER value of the vetch-oat-triticale mixture is maintained at around 1. Proving the absence of the advantage of mixture culture compared to pure culture. This proves the massive presence of weeds interferes with the two partners of the mixture increases. The LER for the vetch-oat mixture reached its maximum in March 13 and decreases in April but remained above 1. This proves that the tutoring power of oats showed itself in a constant way until an advanced stage since the variety used is characterized by very thick stems, protecting it from the risk of lodging. These forages mixture present a promising option, a high nutritional quality that could reduce the use of concentrate and, therefore, the cost of feed. With such feed value, these mixtures allow good animal performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean" title="soybean">soybean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lupine" title=" lupine"> lupine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vetch" title=" vetch"> vetch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lamb-ADG" title=" lamb-ADG"> lamb-ADG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat" title=" meat"> meat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160539/legume-grain-as-alternative-to-soya-bean-meal-in-small-ruminant-diets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Analysis and Treatment of Sewage Treatment Plant Wastewater of El-Karma, Oran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Hammadi">Larbi Hammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellatif%20El%20Bari%20Tidjani"> Abdellatif El Bari Tidjani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to reduce the flow of pollutants in the wastewater of the urban agglomerations of the city of Oran, a preliminary study was carried out at the El-Karma wastewater treatment plant. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the overall physicochemical pollution in the effluents of the El-Karma sewage treatment plant wastewater. It was found that the effluent of El-Karma wastewater treatment plant contains a significant amount of insoluble. Total suspended soli TSS concentrations ranged from 112 to 475 mg/l, with an average of 220.5 mg/l. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) values remain within the reference range for domestic wastewater with an average value of COD < 125 and BOD₅ < 25. The COD/BOD₅ ratio of raw water entering the treatment plant is less than 2. This ratio would predict that the raw sewage from the El-Karma treatment plant is polluted by inorganic pollution strong enough. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El-Karma%20wastewater" title="El-Karma wastewater">El-Karma wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TSS%20concentrations" title=" TSS concentrations"> TSS concentrations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD%20and%20BOD5" title=" COD and BOD5"> COD and BOD5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD%2FBOD5%20ratio" title=" COD/BOD5 ratio"> COD/BOD5 ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87940/analysis-and-treatment-of-sewage-treatment-plant-wastewater-of-el-karma-oran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Numerical Modeling for Water Engineering and Obstacle Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Adal">Mounir Adal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baalal%20Azeddine"> Baalal Azeddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afifi%20Moulay%20Larbi"> Afifi Moulay Larbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerical analysis is a branch of mathematics devoted to the development of iterative matrix calculation techniques. We are searching for operations optimization as objective to calculate and solve systems of equations of order n with time and energy saving for computers that are conducted to calculate and analyze big data by solving matrix equations. Furthermore, this scientific discipline is producing results with a margin of error of approximation called rates. Thus, the results obtained from the numerical analysis techniques that are held on computer software such as MATLAB or Simulink offers a preliminary diagnosis of the situation of the environment or space targets. By this we can offer technical procedures needed for engineering or scientific studies exploitable by engineers for water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis%20methods" title="numerical analysis methods">numerical analysis methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstacles%20solving" title=" obstacles solving"> obstacles solving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering" title=" engineering"> engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modeling" title=" numerical modeling"> numerical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iteration" title=" iteration"> iteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer" title=" computer"> computer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underground" title=" underground"> underground</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity" title=" velocity"> velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32980/numerical-modeling-for-water-engineering-and-obstacle-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Assessment of Access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, in Relation to the SDG 6, in Small Towns in Senegal: The Case of the Town of Foundiougne</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elhadji%20Mamadou%20Sonko">Elhadji Mamadou Sonko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndiogou%20Sankhare"> Ndiogou Sankhare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Birane%20Gning"> Jean Birane Gning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheikh%20Diop"> Cheikh Diop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Senegal, small towns have problems of access to water, hygiene, and sanitation. This study aims to assess the situation in Foundiougne. The methodology includes a literature review, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, surveys of 100 households, and observation. The results show that 35% of households have unimproved water services, 46% have limited service, and 19% have basic service. Regarding sanitation, 77% of households have basic sanitation services, and 23% have limited sanitation services. Manual emptying alone is practiced by 4% of households, while 17% combine it with mechanical emptying. Household wastewater is disposed of in streets, vacant land, and concession yards. The emptied sludge is discharged into the environment without treatment. Hand washing is practiced by 98% of households. These results show that there is real work to be done at the small towns level to close the water and sanitation gap in order to achieve SDG 6 targets in Senegal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foundiougne" title="foundiougne">foundiougne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDG%206" title=" SDG 6"> SDG 6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=senegal" title=" senegal"> senegal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20towns" title=" small towns"> small towns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sanitation%20ang%20hygiene" title=" water sanitation ang hygiene"> water sanitation ang hygiene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147209/assessment-of-access-to-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-in-relation-to-the-sdg-6-in-small-towns-in-senegal-the-case-of-the-town-of-foundiougne" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Recognition of Noisy Words Using the Time Delay Neural Networks Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khenfer-Koummich%20Fatima">Khenfer-Koummich Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesbahi%20Larbi"> Mesbahi Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hendel%20Fatiha"> Hendel Fatiha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a recognition system for isolated words like robot commands. It’s carried out by Time Delay Neural Networks; TDNN. To teleoperate a robot for specific tasks as turn, close, etc… In industrial environment and taking into account the noise coming from the machine. The choice of TDNN is based on its generalization in terms of accuracy, in more it acts as a filter that allows the passage of certain desirable frequency characteristics of speech; the goal is to determine the parameters of this filter for making an adaptable system to the variability of speech signal and to noise especially, for this the back propagation technique was used in learning phase. The approach was applied on commands pronounced in two languages separately: The French and Arabic. The results for two test bases of 300 spoken words for each one are 87%, 97.6% in neutral environment and 77.67%, 92.67% when the white Gaussian noisy was added with a SNR of 35 dB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TDNN" title="TDNN">TDNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title=" noise"> noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20recognition" title=" speech recognition"> speech recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13254/recognition-of-noisy-words-using-the-time-delay-neural-networks-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Impact of the Xanthan Gum on Rheological Properties of Ceramic Slip</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souad%20%20Hassene%20Daouadji">Souad Hassene Daouadji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20%20Hammadi"> Larbi Hammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkrim%20%20Hazzab"> Abdelkrim Hazzab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The slips intended for the manufacture of ceramics must have rheological properties well-defined in order to bring together the qualities required for the casting step (good fluidity for feeding the molds easily settles while generating a regular settling of the dough and for the dehydration phase of the dough in the mold a setting time relatively short is required to have a sufficient refinement which allows demolding both easy and fast). Many additives haveadded in slip of ceramic in order to improve their rheological properties. In this study, we investigated the impact of xanthan gumon rheological properties of ceramic Slip. The modified Cross model is used to fit the stationary flow curves of ceramic slip at different concentration of xanthan added. The thixotropic behavior studied of mixture ceramic slip-xanthan gumat constant temperature is analyzed by using a structural kinetic model (SKM) in order to account for time dependent effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20slip" title="ceramic slip">ceramic slip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xanthan%20gum" title=" xanthan gum"> xanthan gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20cross%20model" title=" modified cross model"> modified cross model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thixotropy" title=" thixotropy"> thixotropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146505/impact-of-the-xanthan-gum-on-rheological-properties-of-ceramic-slip" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Sliding Mode MRAS Observer for Optimized Backstepping Control of Induction Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaouch%20Souad">Chaouch Souad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdou%20Latifa"> Abdou Latifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larbi%20Chrifi%20Alaoui"> Larbi Chrifi Alaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with sensorless backstepping control of induction motor using MRAS technique associated to sliding mode approach. A high order genetic algorithm structure is used to approximate a control law designed by the Backstepping technique, and to find the best parameters globally optimized. However, the Backstepping control approach is unsuitable for high performance applications because the need of a speed sensor for increased accuracy and the absence of any error decay mechanism. In this paper a nonlinear observer, obtained by combining sliding mode structure and model reference adaptive system (MRAS), is designed for the rotor flux and rotor speed estimations. To validate the proposed method, the results are presented for showing the improved drive characteristics and performances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Backstepping%20Control" title="Backstepping Control">Backstepping Control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Induction%20Motor" title=" Induction Motor"> Induction Motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genetic%20Algorithm" title=" Genetic Algorithm"> Genetic Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sliding%20Mode%20observer" title=" Sliding Mode observer"> Sliding Mode observer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23501/sliding-mode-mras-observer-for-optimized-backstepping-control-of-induction-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">731</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> The Effectiveness of a Hybrid Diffie-Hellman-RSA-Advanced Encryption Standard Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellahi%20Cheikh">Abdellahi Cheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the emergence of quantum computers with very powerful capabilities, the security of the exchange of shared keys between two interlocutors poses a big problem in terms of the rapid development of technologies such as computing power and computing speed. Therefore, the Diffie-Hellmann (DH) algorithm is more vulnerable than ever. No mechanism guarantees the security of the key exchange, so if an intermediary manages to intercept it, it is easy to intercept. In this regard, several studies have been conducted to improve the security of key exchange between two interlocutors, which has led to interesting results. The modification made on our model Diffie-Hellman-RSA-AES (DRA), which encrypts the information exchanged between two users using the three-encryption algorithms DH, RSA and AES, by using stenographic photos to hide the contents of the p, g and ClesAES values that are sent in an unencrypted state at the level of DRA model to calculate each user's public key. This work includes a comparative study between the DRA model and all existing solutions, as well as the modification made to this model, with an emphasis on the aspect of reliability in terms of security. This study presents a simulation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the modification made to the DRA model. The obtained results show that our model has a security advantage over the existing solution, so we made these changes to reinforce the security of the DRA model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diffie-Hellmann" title="Diffie-Hellmann">Diffie-Hellmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DRA" title=" DRA"> DRA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RSA" title=" RSA"> RSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20encryption%20standard" title=" advanced encryption standard"> advanced encryption standard</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157930/the-effectiveness-of-a-hybrid-diffie-hellman-rsa-advanced-encryption-standard-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Voice Commands Recognition of Mentor Robot in Noisy Environment Using HTK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khenfer-Koummich%20Fatma">Khenfer-Koummich Fatma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hendel%20Fatiha"> Hendel Fatiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesbahi%20Larbi"> Mesbahi Larbi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> this paper presents an approach based on Hidden Markov Models (HMM: Hidden Markov Model) using HTK tools. The goal is to create a man-machine interface with a voice recognition system that allows the operator to tele-operate a mentor robot to execute specific tasks as rotate, raise, close, etc. This system should take into account different levels of environmental noise. This approach has been applied to isolated words representing the robot commands spoken in two languages: French and Arabic. The recognition rate obtained is the same in both speeches, Arabic and French in the neutral words. However, there is a slight difference in favor of the Arabic speech when Gaussian white noise is added with a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) equal to 30 db, the Arabic speech recognition rate is 69% and 80% for French speech recognition rate. This can be explained by the ability of phonetic context of each speech when the noise is added. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice%20command" title="voice command">voice command</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HMM" title=" HMM"> HMM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIMIT" title=" TIMIT"> TIMIT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title=" noise"> noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTK" title=" HTK"> HTK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title=" Arabic"> Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20recognition" title=" speech recognition"> speech recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24454/voice-commands-recognition-of-mentor-robot-in-noisy-environment-using-htk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Effects of Crushed Waste Aggregate from the Manufacture of Clay Bricks on Rendering Cement Mortar Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benmalek%20M.%20Larbi">Benmalek M. Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Harbi"> R. Harbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Boukor"> S. Boukor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports an experimental work that aimed to investigate the effects of clay brick waste, as part of fine aggregate, on rendering mortar performance. The brick, in crushed form, was from a local brick manufacturer that was rejected due to being of-standard. It was used to replace 33.33 %, 50 %, 66.66 % and 100 % by weight of the quarry sand in mortar. Effects of the brick replacement on the mortar key properties intended for wall plastering were investigated; these are workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, linear shrinkage, water absorption by total immersion and by capillary suction. The results showed that as the brick replacement level increased, the mortar workability reduced. The linear shrinkage increases over time and decreases with the introduction of brick waste. The compressive and flexural strengths decrease with the increase of brick waste because of their great water absorption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20brick%20waste" title="clay brick waste">clay brick waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortar" title=" mortar"> mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties" title=" properties"> properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quarry%20sand" title=" quarry sand"> quarry sand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39746/effects-of-crushed-waste-aggregate-from-the-manufacture-of-clay-bricks-on-rendering-cement-mortar-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Recognition of Voice Commands of Mentor Robot in Noisy Environment Using Hidden Markov Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khenfer%20Koummich%20Fatma">Khenfer Koummich Fatma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hendel%20Fatiha"> Hendel Fatiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesbahi%20Larbi"> Mesbahi Larbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an approach based on Hidden Markov Models (HMM: Hidden Markov Model) using HTK tools. The goal is to create a human-machine interface with a voice recognition system that allows the operator to teleoperate a mentor robot to execute specific tasks as rotate, raise, close, etc. This system should take into account different levels of environmental noise. This approach has been applied to isolated words representing the robot commands pronounced in two languages: French and Arabic. The obtained recognition rate is the same in both speeches, Arabic and French in the neutral words. However, there is a slight difference in favor of the Arabic speech when Gaussian white noise is added with a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) equals 30 dB, in this case; the Arabic speech recognition rate is 69%, and the French speech recognition rate is 80%. This can be explained by the ability of phonetic context of each speech when the noise is added. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20speech%20recognition" title="Arabic speech recognition">Arabic speech recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hidden%20Markov%20Model%20%28HMM%29" title=" Hidden Markov Model (HMM)"> Hidden Markov Model (HMM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTK" title=" HTK"> HTK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title=" noise"> noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIMIT" title=" TIMIT"> TIMIT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voice%20command" title=" voice command"> voice command</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67988/recognition-of-voice-commands-of-mentor-robot-in-noisy-environment-using-hidden-markov-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Correlation of IFNL4 ss469415590 and IL28B rs12979860 with the Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Response among Tunisian Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaoula%20Azraiel">Khaoula Azraiel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mehdi%20Abassi"> Mohamed Mehdi Abassi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Sadraoui"> Amel Sadraoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walid%20Hammami"> Walid Hammami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azouz%20Msaddek"> Azouz Msaddek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imed%20Cheikh"> Imed Cheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Mancebo"> Maria Mancebo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisabet%20Perez-Navarro"> Elisabet Perez-Navarro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Caruz"> Antonio Caruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henda%20Triki"> Henda Triki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahlem%20Djebbi"> Ahlem Djebbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> IL28B rs12979860 genotype is confirmed as an important predictor of response to peginterferon/ribavirin therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). IFNL4 ss469415590 is a newly discovered polymorphism that could also affect the sustained virological response (SVR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of IL28B and IFNL4 genotypes with peginterferon/ribavirin treatment response in Tunisians patients with CHC and to determine which of these SNPs, was the stronger marker. A total of 120 patients were genotyped for both rs12979860 and ss469415590 polymorphisms. The association of each genetic marker with SVR was analyzed and comparison between the two SNPs was calculated by logistic regression models. For rs12979860, 69.6% of patients with CC, 41.8% with CT and 42.8% with TT achieved SVR (p = 0.003). Regarding ss469415590, 70.4% of patients with TT/TT genotype achieved SVR compared to 42.8% with TT/ΔG and 37.5% with ΔG /ΔG (p = 0.002). The presence of CC and TT/TT genotypes was independently associated with treatment response with an OR of 3.86 for each. In conclusion, both IL28B rs12979860 and IFNL4 ss469415590 variants were associated with response to pegIFN/RBV in Tunisian patients, without any additional benefit in performance for IFNL4. Our results are different from those detected in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hepatitis%20C%20virus" title="Hepatitis C virus">Hepatitis C virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IFNL4" title=" IFNL4"> IFNL4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL28B" title=" IL28B"> IL28B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peginterferon%2Fribavirin" title=" Peginterferon/ribavirin"> Peginterferon/ribavirin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphism" title=" polymorphism"> polymorphism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71093/correlation-of-ifnl4-ss469415590-and-il28b-rs12979860-with-the-hepatitis-c-virus-treatment-response-among-tunisian-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Neural Machine Translation for Low-Resource African Languages: Benchmarking State-of-the-Art Transformer for Wolof</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheikh%20Bamba%20Dione">Cheikh Bamba Dione</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alla%20Lo"> Alla Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elhadji%20Mamadou%20Nguer"> Elhadji Mamadou Nguer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siley%20O.%20Ba"> Siley O. Ba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose two neural machine translation (NMT) systems (French-to-Wolof and Wolof-to-French) based on sequence-to-sequence with attention and transformer architectures. We trained our models on a parallel French-Wolof corpus of about 83k sentence pairs. Because of the low-resource setting, we experimented with advanced methods for handling data sparsity, including subword segmentation, back translation, and the copied corpus method. We evaluate the models using the BLEU score and find that transformer outperforms the classic seq2seq model in all settings, in addition to being less sensitive to noise. In general, the best scores are achieved when training the models on word-level-based units. For subword-level models, using back translation proves to be slightly beneficial in low-resource (WO) to high-resource (FR) language translation for the transformer (but not for the seq2seq) models. A slight improvement can also be observed when injecting copied monolingual text in the target language. Moreover, combining the copied method data with back translation leads to a substantial improvement of the translation quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backtranslation" title="backtranslation">backtranslation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-resource%20language" title=" low-resource language"> low-resource language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20machine%20translation" title=" neural machine translation"> neural machine translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence-to-sequence" title=" sequence-to-sequence"> sequence-to-sequence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer" title=" transformer"> transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wolof" title=" Wolof"> Wolof</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135110/neural-machine-translation-for-low-resource-african-languages-benchmarking-state-of-the-art-transformer-for-wolof" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> SAMRA: Dataset in Al-Soudani Arabic Maghrebi Script for Recognition of Arabic Ancient Words Handwritten</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidi%20Ahmed%20Maouloud">Sidi Ahmed Maouloud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheikh%20Ba"> Cheikh Ba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Much of West Africa’s cultural heritage is written in the Al-Soudani Arabic script, which was widely used in West Africa before the time of European colonization. This Al-Soudani Arabic script is an African version of the Maghrebi script, in particular, the Al-Mebssout script. However, the local African qualities were incorporated into the Al-Soudani script in a way that gave it a unique African diversity and character. Despite the existence of several Arabic datasets in Oriental script, allowing for the analysis, layout, and recognition of texts written in these calligraphies, many Arabic scripts and written traditions remain understudied. In this paper, we present a dataset of words from Al-Soudani calligraphy scripts. This dataset consists of 100 images selected from three different manuscripts written in Al-Soudani Arabic script by different copyists. The primary source for this database was the libraries of Boston University and Cambridge University. This dataset highlights the unique characteristics of the Al-Soudani Arabic script as well as the new challenges it presents in terms of automatic word recognition of Arabic manuscripts. An HTR system based on a hybrid ANN (CRNN-CTC) is also proposed to test this dataset. SAMRA is a dataset of annotated Arabic manuscript words in the Al-Soudani script that can help researchers automatically recognize and analyze manuscript words written in this script. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dataset" title="dataset">dataset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CRNN-CTC" title=" CRNN-CTC"> CRNN-CTC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwritten%20words%20recognition" title=" handwritten words recognition"> handwritten words recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Soudani%20Arabic%20script" title=" Al-Soudani Arabic script"> Al-Soudani Arabic script</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTR" title=" HTR"> HTR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manuscripts" title=" manuscripts"> manuscripts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155632/samra-dataset-in-al-soudani-arabic-maghrebi-script-for-recognition-of-arabic-ancient-words-handwritten" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Application of Hybrid Honey Bees Mating Optimization Algorithm in Multiuser Detection of Wireless Communication Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Larbi">N. Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Debbat"> F. Debbat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless communication systems have changed dramatically and shown spectacular evolution over the past two decades. These radio technologies are engaged in a quest endless high-speed transmission coupled to a constant need to improve transmission quality. Various radio communication systems being developed use code division multiple access (CDMA) technique. This work analyses a hybrid honey bees mating optimization algorithm (HBMO) applied to multiuser detection (MuD) in CDMA communication systems. The HBMO is a swarm-based optimization algorithm, which simulates the mating process of real honey bees. We apply a hybridization of HBMO with simulated annealing (SA) in order to improve the solution generated by the HBMO. Simulation results show that the detection based on Hybrid HBMO, in term of bit error rate (BER), is viable option when compared with the classic detectors from literature under Rayleigh flat fading channel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title="BER">BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DS-CDMA%20multiuser%20detection" title=" DS-CDMA multiuser detection"> DS-CDMA multiuser detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20HBMO" title=" hybrid HBMO"> hybrid HBMO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulated%20annealing" title=" simulated annealing "> simulated annealing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13833/application-of-hybrid-honey-bees-mating-optimization-algorithm-in-multiuser-detection-of-wireless-communication-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Synthesis, Characterization, Computational Study, Antimicrobial Evaluation, in Vivo Toxicity Study of Manganese (II) and Copper (II) Complexes with Derivative Sulfa-drug</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaf%20Bouchoucha">Afaf Bouchoucha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Si%20Larbi"> Karima Si Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Amine%20Bourouaia"> Mohamed Amine Bourouaia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah.Boulanouar"> Salah.Boulanouar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia.Djabbar"> Safia.Djabbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The synthesis, characterization and comparative biological study of manganese (II) and copper (II) complexes with an heterocyclic ligand used in pharmaceutical field (Scheme 1), were reported. Two kinds of complexes were obtained with derivative sulfonamide, [M (L)₂ (H₂O)₂].H₂O and [M (L)₂ (Cl)₂]3H₂O. These complexes have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FAB mass, ESR magnetic measurements, FTIR, UV-Visible spectra and conductivity. Their stability constants have been determined by potentiometric methods in a water-ethanol (90:10 v/v) mixture at a 0.2 mol l-1 ionic strength (NaCl) and at 25.0 ± 0.1 ºC using Sirko program. DFT calculations were done using B3LYP/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/LanL2DZ. The antimicrobial activity of ligand and complexes against the species Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, S. aureus, Bacillus subtilisan, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Saccharomyces, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus terreus has been carried out and compared using agar-diffusion method. Also, the toxicity study was evaluated on synchesis complexes using Mice of NMRI strain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hetterocyclic%20ligand" title="hetterocyclic ligand">hetterocyclic ligand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex" title=" complex"> complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20constant" title=" stability constant"> stability constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title=" DFT"> DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20and%20genotoxicity%20study" title=" acute and genotoxicity study"> acute and genotoxicity study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157973/synthesis-characterization-computational-study-antimicrobial-evaluation-in-vivo-toxicity-study-of-manganese-ii-and-copper-ii-complexes-with-derivative-sulfa-drug" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Effect of Physicochemical Treatments on the Characteristics of Activated Sludge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammadi%20Larbi">Hammadi Larbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The treatment of wastewater in sewage plants usually results in the formation of a large amount of sludge. These appear at the outlet of the treatment plant as a viscous fluid loaded with a high concentration of dry matter. This sludge production presents environmental, ecological, and economic risks. That is why it is necessary to find many solutions for minimizing these risks. In the present article, the effect of hydrogen peroxide, thermal treatment, and quicklime on the characteristics of the activated sludge produced in urban wastewater plant were evaluated in order to avoid any risk in the plants. The study shows increasing of the dose of H2O2 from 0 to 0.4 g causes an increase in the solubilization rate of COD from 12% to 45% and a reduction in the organic matter content of sludge (VM/SM) from 74% to 36% . The results also show that the optimum efficiency of the heat treatment corresponds to a temperature of 80 ° C for a treatment time of 40 min is 47% and 51.82% for a temperature equal to 100 ° C and 76.30 % for a temperature of 120 ° C, and 79.38% for a temperature of 140 ° C. The treatment of sludge by quicklime gives the optimum efficiency of 70.62 %. It was shown the increasing of the temperature from 80°C to 140°C, the pH of sludge was increased from 7.12 to 9.59. The obtained results showed that with increasing the dose of quicklime from 0 g/l to 1g/l in activated sludge led to an increase of their pH from 7.12 to 12.06. The study shows the increasing the dose of quicklime from 0 g/l to 1g/l causes also an increase in the solubilization of COD from 0% to 70.62 % <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20sludge" title="activated sludge">activated sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20peroxide" title=" hydrogen peroxide"> hydrogen peroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20treatment" title=" thermal treatment"> thermal treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quicklime" title=" quicklime"> quicklime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157961/effect-of-physicochemical-treatments-on-the-characteristics-of-activated-sludge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Strategies Used by the Saffron Producers of Taliouine (Morocco) to Adapt to Climate Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aziz%20Larbi">Aziz Larbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widad%20Sadok"> Widad Sadok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Morocco, the mountainous regions extend over about 26% of the national territory where 30% of the total population live. They contain opportunities for agriculture, forestry, pastureland and mining. The production systems in these zones are characterised by crop diversification. However, these areas have become vulnerable to the effects of climate change. To understand these effects in relation to the population living in these areas, a study was carried out in the zone of Taliouine, in the Anti-Atlas. The vulnerability of crop productions to climate change was analysed and the different ways of adaptation adopted by farmers were identified. The work was done on saffron, the most profitable crop in the target area even though it requires much water. Our results show that the majority of the farmers surveyed had noticed variations in the climate of the region: irregularity of precipitation leading to a decrease in quantity and an uneven distribution throughout the year; rise in temperature; reduction in the cold period and less snow. These variations had impacts on the cropping system of saffron and its productivity. To cope with these effects, the farmers adopted various strategies: better management and use of water; diversification of agricultural activities; increase in the contribution of non-agricultural activities to their gross income; and seasonal migration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taliouine" title=" Taliouine"> Taliouine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saffron" title=" saffron"> saffron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions" title=" perceptions"> perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation%20strategies" title=" adaptation strategies"> adaptation strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173038/strategies-used-by-the-saffron-producers-of-taliouine-morocco-to-adapt-to-climate-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Structural and Optical Properties of RF-Sputtered ZnS and Zn(S,O) Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ould%20Mohamed%20Cheikh">Ould Mohamed Cheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Chaik"> Mounir Chaik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hind%20El%20Aakib"> Hind El Aakib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Aggour"> Mohamed Aggour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Outzourhit"> Abdelkader Outzourhit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zinc sulfide [ZnS] and oxygenated zinc sulfide Zn(O,S) thin films were deposited on glass substrates, by reactive cathodic radio-frequency (RF) sputtering. The substrates power and percentage of oxygen were varied in the range of 100W to 250W and from 5% to 20% respectively. The structural, morphological and optical properties of these thin films were investigated. The optical properties (mainly the refractive index, absorption coefficient and optical band gap) were examined by optical transmission measurements in the ultraviolet-visible-near Infrared wavelength range. XRD analysis indicated that all sputtered ZnS films were a single phase with a preferential orientation along the (111) plane of zinc blend (ZB). The crystallite size was in the range of 19.5 nm to 48.5 nm, the crystallite size varied with RF power reaching a maximum at 200 W. The Zn(O,S) films, on the other hand, were amorphous. UV-Visible, measurements showed that the ZnS film had more than 80% transmittance in the visible wavelength region while that of Zn(O,S is 85%. Moreover, it was observed that the band gap energy of the ZnS films increases slightly from 3.4 to 3.52 eV as the RF power was increased. The optical band gap of Zn(O,S), on the other hand, decreased from 4.2 to 3.89 eV as the oxygen partial pressure is increased in the sputtering atmosphere at a fixed RF-power. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed smooth surfaces for both type of films. The X-ray reflectometry measurements on the ZnS films showed that the density of the films (3.9 g/cm3) is close that of bulk ZnS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films%20Zn%28O" title="thin films Zn(O">thin films Zn(O</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%29%20properties" title="S) properties">S) properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zn%28O" title=" Zn(O"> Zn(O</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%29%20by%20Rf-sputtering" title="S) by Rf-sputtering">S) by Rf-sputtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnS%20for%20solar%20cells" title=" ZnS for solar cells"> ZnS for solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films%20for%20renewable%20energy" title=" thin films for renewable energy"> thin films for renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66128/structural-and-optical-properties-of-rf-sputtered-zns-and-znso-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ben%20Cheikh%20Larbi&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ben%20Cheikh%20Larbi&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div 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