CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913425d8ecfc9d05',cH: 'BUlJpaEzW5ZBYBrju3TN1_oBR_ucANpqdGoegGAzIdw-1739778220-1.2.1.1-cetOv_GB9qORhbbbAfzzksvZOrpFBsrDFFbx8COS63M0yX9ku8x_.3_VcDq4p5fl',cUPMDTk: "\/9996990\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=3n5Qwnmqcr4fxDv2F5W0Z8tYfNzAEnWW1umVd95pTLc-1739778220-1.0.1.1-2znThAuANHUvBIJ1tjLmus4csdT_dwIf4NnRwE9m.f0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739778220',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/9996990\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=3n5Qwnmqcr4fxDv2F5W0Z8tYfNzAEnWW1umVd95pTLc-1739778220-1.0.1.1-2znThAuANHUvBIJ1tjLmus4csdT_dwIf4NnRwE9m.f0",md: "T1CZasTNdw78Oz.NtAuLG3WUUKx_fchEAPvOEcY7d_s-1739778220-1.2.1.1-sbb365cQMbBAwtqSMlyvQticfhZl3usQJRfIgKcet1luIWZzblMC.SMtNciyv_.3YuU_1ZR0En1to6kEBoxKt8Y4W2pNB8yi6biAbOi7gKexP3gueyrsjZi6_A2yhQiA2ZMipQQW1Y9.YRSsDrtIazrM7j_WapNkYAzpUQtBJzKyu4hFULVRTfAEN1VcaUVaQbeKm0J1OdtL_Owkey9O5IUP8FtWdrNaf4.rttM7aViLIz7CroHXQm4UX8Fh18KPctUmXbNb0i5skgqAqEOGzZ7lAcOQCm442YQmLCQfm3wRnj6qYR2SFPSEPLUAsh.F42uJR_k4X2n3EoaJsiOzbxu50okYXCGFEKB3.La6dfTPf_p4Hfk7SyYAegscOiubUel0_R.Dtl4jXyef1IKVvLMg7yZLhofMuk4LfimRV9W3eFJeEZxzbDdrwiGYaWaQK0uY_ny4EMec29UPrtIlgF2q2NMSoauWCbDarc_ntTon2uEYyYlgN4EMTsAGNVicm796zlpaY66_Gmw6frA0VJAbXNf9r94pFTxFwa1q5yPPnl5optw4HyjJqCLrOScRfUDUNlWkFPoi2ZXfeDQh3mz6xZNL1IfyAz75O7w20aXjrcGgX9trpvJ5TS_hQRqQElVeNeD.Of01FCalQowTr1YLd.hm9w3ISRrQBjqYHlOG3zQbnYU9N8yU0NUWDLJ1J70250YN_zU_Mf3e6BMy632Yla1G_BJlc0hEYEz_5dE6UQi_xJ9LB.G_qJg4fWTiWqcXtlEjw6xivWygTLQO3qLocd4si6wdoPze3mJge831ERjHgrWFF70uVkQvKpZ0ZQH33bvRNv3yedoBXjLMUi.s3ms404uxli6WYWC0e66YNd.7Tz7ULehwz2KFzPqdA0hZqllvYYg.TyiMptnO5HYsNn8HfmNG3EELyKjZmafyErA3EcOujE5bkn0IJf649btAp9ZCFBntGuD80wP4AquC_g_bGzIZHDqAmtcNiqXInbdxrT8CKf2CU1ixNyJUwiA1cnFN7kUP9Miz4WV3xV5_r.Shvu_hkOSpcAs7UKwqEkUAlDFQ2XAr1GWwe4dch6YWhyEL9YSGFwM.huoWlvDW7H7woZrTV7s3Y42gpjnsIPg3NmK9Bmqjp2ZQxbXbxzHz0KIH9KuQt1hFNbek77I7w9H.chfX4dfF5sYHOSBmY5Jd8cx_QRGsdWna.RA.v_YKpNGHs6ZEHWZF2BhRkm3Zyzoo3P51KRk09fyMLPUBmrH4_eyEJ3C6f5i_oZNR2Me1nvYBhHNr8rYjRX.twAcefnS47P3Xvs6byHK6.k.m4cflhdKE8KTRQoNQEpxY7oaZ6sSHnV2vsQGKM1cqd_fnu_ufBtPKbz75mGmQKNmv5zSDsoMtii8BTzy1u8K.MkrVjr4UjuVj0iCet0snfc6OkEq07Mc4XMebFDzUynp7k3Oo8g3xTkWEikqlCqxUlBPuNZ3y2JYP68UK4ydZ2it8RWQhoglAD6CU4uLsoaHM.0kMCPrNO6nUk.qEm6owwYZPAy0oU4cXMX6Vu_Ly9wbIcs0R34vXbN0qwXyX681ZKnf1hBfY6PqwBM6QtI9nUwODfvocj5qsVwKvlD5HpGiiBtSjVYk1byQWqTdd9K1Tzq0LHBHthIlxwYmEmhYHI7m_Wnt0ds2H5CRsRmw5Ii3MB2F7_d6azJg31UJ.aLHIDBDNSV_c6r_yGesFmiIQKufmhubU0KTevVS2MZEwLGwRIpD_5Vde7L.KKZXjKUfpNL0yKAfytjn4dG0JuoTXU8uhqnfJV0QODC5IcZSDWqCHwojxrk5Io..wOyQ1oU8v4Q4BfAdeifsToKYOOtbZsOnHHUQgO5ZHHbkvo6HbMHuUEK0SF1UDLrKnjPLPwAE",mdrd: "E0HUDTv.Q.8I_VKEzCgrOViQHncOWxKxQ2on8rwY8wk-1739778220-1.2.1.1-h2OQ4fL.fnbEXA9XhSywxS0wSO6Ct_Mn_xqsl9rHH6vT_TVV3Xc3QVrdLVilLcxAWTtp8kr7JynaLmdO9f_UifJ1TDnnjTGYVJRtV.EjnuQiq3fD1Vn173edH_8TkaN1VQvsEgn0Eh5qEfilFTFb6lLgImYn31OfcKMJisCi9.bX5xsIxFw_J.p0H3ntqTl6EtOC7kPaCnDaaOh_5AKKzWtFAJgXxhJUpoB1suACNLUbsah69rFwlQ.y8Bd1gIPmiI8u0iXFSvkANRjxgsDQXJ6sKooiCswpRIa7EQWUPMjgc8ggFYlcR5LlNqNNdd0IfyIOwr8n3bM9mRmg0OYd0FTlPSaEm2EEhAN10FuOPvGDV7K4X_3sYOPBqVUCe2z5xJTLqLakW3Sbwg0agK_SG_TwWiYnWkAuVcNH8fV9G1lZewHTan0UlVbjd2cJpIYyrehIqYg71k4XiPo.PmsPCaYbVG9Z.99.92O6pT9yt3mqYbW_g5Eiub1Sb0Fzb9BzRmK.BtFVIKioRCRFi7fIgCIQb_.z4BbMQ5G2BSWfQkKVhX7znybQHVKDB7vzkafGUVvAWR0BKtNIbbq_O8.ZDa1CvXGWtvrTyCms8qSZMEChfJ4uCCCt5YCXnkgZFr24B6tkXaK.SmIATAakQeFbn3mu..dllVKchKZvhbdgJuVdKz2UoXFG8kPbM_uX9mQJSXhn093vN4jOIDSR9_8mknn0g8Rrn6pUOyaitvGUUdI53iI.0h.F42dq4guBI3m0qRaxdaO9MdIGmVVMTSUpAt4BedwzvAxoz3QWMwUp1GNInOSyTBhUX6oXgMLsPXPNO6w9fUtxfgShmmOPSOGswjcxqjlw9Nz3gnq63UHca3EeDlO0YLXmV1TshMt3tL72_VqjAFNvDbiom8OFC1KQThRvACueoGgjmcKpiQaDBk01oJy.IUzrdISN5T79hXtp0VwzhhP.bITkSwcA3dSYMa2paVAU626h9SCdUc5vC7yYpD7ON60WnsfFeSbe2rIDQMKmsUamcqxg6H93ocKnA60.YrFWpvRy43wuTAOfkqV_6kGM99uXUAAXPaYTjCyIUmiz4YUS5KjHzgGo_OsacIwBy0tCKc9NbXWRggzNi6nQbto3g5uc166nrV1qlyz.50VqMrhvpqgSBplK1hS.NpzpnOCeMaDvGYhqpa4ZPbSkrqcTxvH5gQVvSRUU1O.ryuuYQJAHHJMZ.j5FKqtgXUkQnejIa.aSVo_tCo2KxUwh.vncQFo2.5fEDSwWv1_zZXhiFgapdV1OjJbWHKzoALLEv5nTfncJbvNhjWgLT15dYMfvXpbfwEbeFe7a1Y2YEzsvE4DIfdYEbga.EXQ1eYk8aQ4KZpXBgmIOyqRR3V41blCMnTiDhK5SWe0osUOHSibcAmowB9evWH_1S_m7aiDUbWvAZanNkNMGoZcO0UToG9Jgc4fwdEFl_vlA1B0XR1r5mhH3_1l4Qo7h3UVyr_mN3XEqYpzI9KECIvSbzCX2BMwxIbhtigYa7V.Y5wGALCPuNa7eAPCboUt4IGNPxI.v70H2DFDZcHs9Bgz0nSK5qQYzXp_SvvIIu7tHl265WNsSsLhm.3zVRWlTjW.cAswdA51Pe1JAaMHYAlTW3OKFeH9UdS0so.6XWNHzs1ImajE3k0vaaylPoixBjCe2lglENtKVhqmxG0F16GnMmrvh8WKKWtB47G_kgpCo4dva6eKaONEH4UqUmvU2L_lU2Am20lqHX..gd5H0ZY3ok1e2_VhFNf2xC1ulbzDNcCyuXSbhNEzLgXnPTXUiF7WimrlpJlwSNiiyJFOf5rR1sgHXMavyWgXm6JPoVIKqlfKsEu7PwSPrj3PqsfhrkSBXCmuE6.tjDehP8OSfbuZCywc_6bIFGIrAebW3uwvAu43tHCkqtvOhBhvrT3Lnh_zr94zb8Dh0PKPae_v3OkFKExHNrfDIAW_duiKjYTyfc8qe42JCJjf_lmZ7COaCL.CyIg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913425d8ecfc9d05';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/9996990\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=3n5Qwnmqcr4fxDv2F5W0Z8tYfNzAEnWW1umVd95pTLc-1739778220-1.0.1.1-2znThAuANHUvBIJ1tjLmus4csdT_dwIf4NnRwE9m.f0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>