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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Biblioteca Estense</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Biblioteca_Estense&params=44.6481_N_10.9211_E_type:landmark_region:IT"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°38′53″N</span> <span class="longitude">10°55′16″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.6481°N 10.9211°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.6481; 10.9211</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG/220px-De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG/330px-De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG/440px-De_Sphaera_-_Allegory_Sforza.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1321" data-file-height="1752" /></a><figcaption>Codex De Sphaera - 1469 Allegory of Este and Sforza (the snake) families Coat of Arms</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Biblioteca Estense</b> (<i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Este" title="House of Este">Estense</a> Library</i>), was the family library of the marquises and dukes of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Este" title="House of Este">House of Este</a>. The exact date of the library's birth is still under speculation, however it is known for certain that the library was in use during the fourteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-BE_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whilst it was greatly enriched during the Renaissance years in <a href="/wiki/Ferrara" title="Ferrara">Ferrara</a>, the library was concretely established in <a href="/wiki/Modena" title="Modena">Modena</a> in the beginning of the seventeenth century. It is known as one of the most important libraries in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BE_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library is located, along with the <a href="/wiki/Galleria_Estense" title="Galleria Estense">Galleria Estense</a> directly below its collection of artworks, in the Palazzo dei Musei (Piazza Sant'Agostino 337) in Modena. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the ascension of the Marquis <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_III_d%27Este,_Marquis_of_Ferrara" class="mw-redirect" title="Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara">Niccolò III</a> d'Este to the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Ferrara" title="Duchy of Ferrara">Ferrarese duchy</a> in 1393, he inherited an important humanistic library, rich in works of literary, historical and artistic content. Its collection grew considerably during the Renaissance period with manuscripts and printed editions considered today to be of fundamental value, thanks to the refined and attentive patronage of the Este dukes. In 1598, the Library followed the dynasty when the capital was transferred from Ferrara to Modena. </p><p>In the following centuries, the Estense Library continued to be enriched with local and international works, funded by the acquisitions of suppressed religious institutions as well as enriched by the elevated tastes of famous librarians <a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Antonio_Muratori" title="Ludovico Antonio Muratori">Ludovico Antonio Muratori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Tiraboschi" title="Girolamo Tiraboschi">Girolamo Tiraboschi</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Unification of Italy</a>, the Estense Library merged with the University Library, which brought with it an important collection of philosophical, juridical and scientific texts. Thus was born the Estense University Library, considered today as a modern institute of national interest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collection">Collection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Collection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Today the Library's collection contains more than 500,000 printed works, about 11,000 <a href="/wiki/Codexes" class="mw-redirect" title="Codexes">codexes</a>, more than 100,000 manuscript leaves, and 1,662 <a href="/wiki/Incunabula" class="mw-redirect" title="Incunabula">incunabula</a>. Among the manuscripts, the most famous is the 1,200-page <i><a href="/wiki/Borso_d%27Este_Bible" title="Borso d'Este Bible">Bible of Borso d'Este</a></i>, extensively bordered with miniatures. The relic would be recovered and returned to Modena following the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>. Bought at an auction, it was gifted to Italy on behalf of Senator <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Treccani" title="Giovanni Treccani">Giovanni Treccani</a>. The Bible is today excluded from public view for reasons of conservation, a 1963 replica now takes its place in the Biblioteca Estense. </p><p>The library holds many medieval manuscripts, among them biblical manuscripts: <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mutinensis" title="Codex Mutinensis">Codex Mutinensis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_358" title="Minuscule 358">Minuscule 358</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_359" title="Minuscule 359">359</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_585" title="Minuscule 585">585</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_586" title="Minuscule 586">586</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_618" title="Minuscule 618">618</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_111" title="Lectionary 111"><b>ℓ</b> <i>111</i></a>. </p><p>Also known worldwide is its collection of musical manuscripts and printed books, the <i>Raccolta musicale estense</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Some_manuscripts">Some manuscripts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Some manuscripts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Borsobijbel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Borsobijbel.jpg/220px-Borsobijbel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Borsobijbel.jpg/330px-Borsobijbel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Borsobijbel.jpg/440px-Borsobijbel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Page from <i><a href="/wiki/Biblia_Borsi_Estensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblia Borsi Estensis">Biblia Borsi Estensis</a></i></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblia_Borsi_Estensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblia Borsi Estensis">Biblia Borsi Estensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Mutinensis" title="Codex Mutinensis">Codex Mutinensis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_de_sphaera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Codex de sphaera (page does not exist)">Codex de sphaera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutinensis_gr._122" title="Mutinensis gr. 122">Mutinensis gr. 122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minuscule_585" title="Minuscule 585">Minuscule 585</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minuscule_586" title="Minuscule 586">Minuscule 586</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minuscule_358" title="Minuscule 358">Minuscule 358</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minuscule_359" title="Minuscule 359">Minuscule 359</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minuscule_618" title="Minuscule 618">Minuscule 618</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lectionary_111" title="Lectionary 111">Lectionary 111</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BE-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BE_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BE_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMilano1987" class="citation book cs1">Milano, Ernesto (1987). <i>Biblioteca Estense</i>. Modena: Nardini Editore. p. 13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biblioteca+Estense&rft.place=Modena&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Nardini+Editore&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Milano&rft.aufirst=Ernesto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Estense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_entries">Related entries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Related entries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallerie_Estensi" title="Gallerie Estensi">Gallerie Estensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borso_d%27Este,_Duke_of_Ferrara" class="mw-redirect" title="Borso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara">Borso d'Este</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Estense" title="Galleria Estense">Galleria Estense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Este" title="House of Este">House of Este</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/labibliotecaeste00bertuoft#page/n7/mode/2up">Giulio Bertoni, <i>La Biblioteca Estense</i>, Torino 1903</a></li> <li><i>Archivi di biblioteche: per la storia delle biblioteche pubbliche statali</i>, Roma: Ed. di storia e letteratura, 2002</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Estense&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bibliotecaestense.beniculturali.it/">Biblioteca Estense</a> official website. Mid-resolution PDF's of some manuscripts and printed books can be downloaded for free from the <i>Immagini</i> (Images) section</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bibliotecaestense.beniculturali.it/info/beu/direttori.html">Direttori della Biblioteca Estense di Modena</a>, with links to biographical sources</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/museum/5708">Biblioteca Estense</a> images</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006230515/http://www.mediateca2000.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=757&Itemid=47">Biblioteca Estense: sei secoli di storia</a> at the mediateca2000</li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2084032-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84179070">United States</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80020521">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121808474">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121808474">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Biblioteca Estense universitaria"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/NAPV073264">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Biblioteca estense (Modena, Itálie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20010709242&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007258743305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10622244?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td 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