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Dictature — Wikipédia

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vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Étymologie et évolution du sens</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_et_évolution_du_sens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dictateurs_romains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dictateurs_romains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Dictateurs romains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dictateurs_romains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Évolution_du_terme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Évolution_du_terme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Évolution du terme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Évolution_du_terme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sens_moderne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sens_moderne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Sens moderne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sens_moderne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Typologie_des_régimes_politiques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typologie_des_régimes_politiques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Typologie des régimes politiques</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Typologie_des_régimes_politiques-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Typologie des régimes politiques</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Typologie_des_régimes_politiques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Premières_typologies_:_tyran,_despote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Premières_typologies_:_tyran,_despote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Premières typologies : tyran, despote</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Premières_typologies_:_tyran,_despote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Du_XIXe_au_XXe_siècle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Du_XIXe_au_XXe_siècle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Du <span>XIX</span><sup>e</sup> au <span>XX</span><sup>e</sup> siècle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Du_XIXe_au_XXe_siècle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Au_XXIe_siècle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Au_XXIe_siècle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Au <span>XXI</span><sup>e</sup> siècle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Au_XXIe_siècle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_de_dictatures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_de_dictatures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types de dictatures</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_de_dictatures-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Types de dictatures</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types_de_dictatures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Militaire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Militaire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Militaire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Militaire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parti_unique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parti_unique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Parti unique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parti_unique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monarchie_absolue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monarchie_absolue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Monarchie absolue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monarchie_absolue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Triumvirat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Triumvirat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Triumvirat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Triumvirat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classements_des_régimes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classements_des_régimes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Classements des régimes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classements_des_régimes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Classements des régimes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classements_des_régimes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Régimes_autoritaires_ou_dictatoriaux" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Régimes_autoritaires_ou_dictatoriaux"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Régimes autoritaires ou dictatoriaux</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Régimes_autoritaires_ou_dictatoriaux-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indice_de_démocratie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indice_de_démocratie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Indice de démocratie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indice_de_démocratie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agence_intergouvernementale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agence_intergouvernementale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Agence intergouvernementale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agence_intergouvernementale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classements_des_dictatures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classements_des_dictatures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Classements des dictatures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classements_des_dictatures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classements_des_dictateurs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classements_des_dictateurs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Classements des dictateurs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classements_des_dictateurs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galerie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Galerie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Représentations_culturelles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Représentations_culturelles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Représentations culturelles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Représentations_culturelles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Représentations culturelles</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Représentations_culturelles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cinéma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinéma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Cinéma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinéma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Littérature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Littérature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Littérature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Littérature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jeux_vidéo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jeux_vidéo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Jeux vidéo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jeux_vidéo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Notes et références</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Dictionnaires et encyclopédies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Annexes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Annexes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Dictionnaires et encyclopédies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ouvrages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ouvrages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2</span> <span>Ouvrages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ouvrages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.3</span> <span>Articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentaires" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentaires"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Documentaires</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentaires-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dictature</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 135 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-135" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">135 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatorskap" title="Diktatorskap – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Diktatorskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictadura" title="Dictadura – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dictadura" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="तानाशाही – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तानाशाही" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ديكتاتورية – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديكتاتورية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AB%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%9B%DC%A2_%DC%9B%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%A2%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܫܘܠܛܢ ܛܪܘܢܘܬܐ – araméen" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܫܘܠܛܢ ܛܪܘܢܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="araméen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ديكتاتورية – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ديكتاتورية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="نظام دكتاتوري – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نظام دكتاتوري" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictadura" title="Dictadura – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dictadura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82" title="دیکتاتورلوق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دیکتاتورلوق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%97ktat%C5%ABra" title="Dėktatūra – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Dėktatūra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дыктатура – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дыктатура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дыктатура – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дыктатура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="একনায়কতন্ত্র – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="একনায়কতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatouriezh" title="Diktatouriezh – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Diktatouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Дарангылал – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Дарангылал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictadura" title="Dictadura – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dictadura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Ӏазалла – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏазалла" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دیکتاتۆری – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دیکتاتۆری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stibdat" title="İstibdat – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İstibdat" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unbennaeth" title="Unbennaeth – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Unbennaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Δικτατορία – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δικτατορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorship" title="Dictatorship – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Dictatorship" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatoreco" title="Diktatoreco – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Diktatoreco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictadura" title="Dictadura – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dictadura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatuur" title="Diktatuur – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Diktatuur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktadura" title="Diktadura – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Diktadura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دیکتاتوری – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیکتاتوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recommandé"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatuuri" title="Diktatuuri – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Diktatuuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4sovalitsus" title="Käsovalitsus – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Käsovalitsus" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einar%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Einaræði – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Einaræði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatuer" title="Diktatuer – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Diktatuer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deacht%C3%B3ireacht" title="Deachtóireacht – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Deachtóireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatir" title="Diktatir – créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Diktatir" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditadura" title="Ditadura – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ditadura" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaghteyrys" title="Jaghteyrys – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Jaghteyrys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulkin_kama-karya" title="Mulkin kama-karya – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mulkin kama-karya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="דיקטטורה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דיקטטורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="तानाशाही – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तानाशाही" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanasahi" title="Tanasahi – hindi fidjien" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Tanasahi" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktati" title="Diktati – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Diktati" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktat%C3%BAra" title="Diktatúra – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Diktatúra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բռնատիրություն – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բռնատիրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktadura" title="Diktadura – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Diktadura" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatoreso" title="Diktatoreso – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Diktatoreso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Einræði – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Einræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dittatura" title="Dittatura – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dittatura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="独裁政治 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="独裁政治" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktietaship" title="Diktietaship – créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Diktietaship" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="დიქტატურა – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დიქტატურა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kp%C9%9B%C5%8Bgb%C9%9Bz%C9%9Bm%C9%A9t%CA%8A" title="Kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಸರ್ವಾಧಿಕಾರ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸರ್ವಾಧಿಕಾರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9E%AC" title="독재 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독재" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – karatchaï balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatchaï balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AEktator%C3%AE" title="Dîktatorî – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dîktatorî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turantieth" title="Turantieth – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Turantieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatura" title="Dictatura – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dictatura" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatuur" title="Dictatuur – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Dictatuur" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditatura" title="Ditatura – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ditatura" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dittadura" title="Dittadura – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dittadura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9C%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ລະບອບຜະເດັດການ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລະບອບຜະເດັດການ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktat%C5%ABra" title="Diktatūra – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Diktatūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktat%C5%ABra" title="Diktatūra – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Diktatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didy_jadona" title="Didy jadona – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Didy jadona" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="സർവാധിപത്യം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സർവാധിപത്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Дарангуйлал – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дарангуйлал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="हुकुमशाही – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हुकुमशाही" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kediktatoran" title="Kediktatoran – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kediktatoran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditadura" title="Ditadura – mirandais" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ditadura" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%8F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အာဏာရှင်စနစ် – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အာဏာရှင်စနစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatuur" title="Diktatuur – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Diktatuur" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="तानाशाही – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तानाशाही" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="सामन्तवाद – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सामन्तवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatuur" title="Dictatuur – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dictatuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatuthe" title="Dictatuthe – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Dictatuthe" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatura" title="Dictatura – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dictatura" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80" title="ਤਾਨਾਸ਼ਾਹੀ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਾਨਾਸ਼ਾਹੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktadura" title="Diktadura – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Diktadura" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – allemand palatin" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="allemand palatin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyktatura" title="Dyktatura – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dyktatura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditatura" title="Ditatura – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ditatura" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DA%A9%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%BE" title="ڈکٹیٹرشپ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈکٹیٹرشپ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A" title="زورواکي – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="زورواکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditadura" title="Ditadura – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ditadura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llaqta_saruy" title="Llaqta saruy – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llaqta saruy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatura" title="Dictatura – romanche" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Dictatura" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatur%C4%83" title="Dictatură – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dictatură" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Діктатура – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Діктатура" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditadura" title="Ditadura – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ditadura" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dittatura" title="Dittatura – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Dittatura" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="آمريت – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آمريت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorship" title="Dictatorship – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dictatorship" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktat%C3%BAra" title="Diktatúra – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Diktatúra" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Diktatur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udikteta" title="Udikteta – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Udikteta" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சர்வாதிகாரம் – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சர்வாதிகாரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ระบอบเผด็จการ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระบอบเผด็จการ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktadura" title="Diktadura – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Diktadura" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktat%C3%B6rl%C3%BCk" title="Diktatörlük – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Diktatörlük" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Диктаторлык – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Диктаторлык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Диктатура – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Диктатура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="آمریت – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آمریت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Diktatura" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditatura" title="Ditatura – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ditatura" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%BF_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_%C4%91%E1%BB%99c_t%C3%A0i" title="Chế độ độc tài – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chế độ độc tài" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diktadory%C3%A1" title="Diktadoryá – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Diktadoryá" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93" title="独裁政体 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="独裁政体" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="დიქტატურა – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დიქტატურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%90%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8" title="דיקטאטור – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דיקטאטור" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencwng" title="Ciencwng – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ciencwng" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94" title="獨裁政體 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="獨裁政體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%CC%8Dk-chh%C3%A2i_ch%C3%A8ng-t%C4%AB" title="To̍k-chhâi chèng-tī – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="To̍k-chhâi chèng-tī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E6%94%BF" title="專政 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="專政" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dictature"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l&#039;encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"><figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%80_sourcer" title="Si ce bandeau n&#39;est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n&#39;est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus.</figcaption></figure><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/45px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/68px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/90px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-11" data-sort-value="2024-11">novembre 2024</time>).</small> </p><p>Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les <b>références utiles à sa <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a></b> et en les liant à la section «&#160;<a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence" title="Aide:Insérer une référence">Notes et références</a>&#160;». </p><p><b>En pratique&#160;:</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources#Qualité_des_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">Quelles sources sont attendues&#160;?</a> <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Comment ajouter mes sources&#160;?</a> </p> </div></div> <p>Une <b>dictature</b> est un <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_politique" title="Régime politique">régime politique</a> dans lequel une personne ou un groupe de personnes exercent tous les pouvoirs de façon absolue, sans qu'aucune <a href="/wiki/Loi" title="Loi">loi</a> ou institution ne les limitent<sup id="cite_ref-tlf_dictature_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tlf_dictature-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;; il faut préciser que même un <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_autoritaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Régime autoritaire">régime autoritaire</a> peut avoir des lois, des institutions, voire un <a href="/wiki/Parlement" title="Parlement">parlement</a> avec des <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9put%C3%A9" title="Député">députés</a> élus, mais pas <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9s_publiques" title="Libertés publiques">librement</a> et ne représentant donc pas des contre-pouvoirs. Ce régime politique a fréquemment été violemment critiqué&#160;; ainsi, <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Hannah Arendt</a> affirme que les lois qu'il promulgue sont <a href="/wiki/%C3%89thique" title="Éthique">éthiquement</a> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gitimit%C3%A9" title="Légitimité">illégitimes</a>, et que les institutions y sont factices<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>L'origine du terme remonte à la <a href="/wiki/Rome_antique" title="Rome antique">Rome antique</a>, où la dictature était un état de la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_romaine" title="République romaine">République romaine</a> où un <a href="/wiki/Magistrat" title="Magistrat">magistrat</a> (le <a href="/wiki/Dictateur_(Rome_antique)" title="Dictateur (Rome antique)">dictateur</a>) se voyait confier de manière temporaire et légale les pleins pouvoirs en cas de troubles graves. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Étymologie_et_évolution_du_sens"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_et_.C3.A9volution_du_sens"></span>Étymologie et évolution du sens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier la section : Étymologie et évolution du sens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie et évolution du sens"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les termes de «&#160;dictature&#160;» et de «&#160;dictateur&#160;» ont plusieurs acceptions. Elles varient selon les époques et les auteurs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dictateurs_romains">Dictateurs romains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier la section : Dictateurs romains" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dictateurs romains"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article connexe&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Dictateur_(Rome_antique)" title="Dictateur (Rome antique)">Dictateur (Rome antique)</a>.</div></div> <p>Le terme apparaît de manière obscure, pour la première fois chez <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Cicéron</a> dans <i><a href="/wiki/De_Republica" title="De Republica">De Republica</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perseus-Dictator-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gaffiot-Dictator_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaffiot-Dictator-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> puis dans <i><a href="/wiki/Pour_Milon" title="Pour Milon">Pour Milon</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perseus-Dictator-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, sous le terme latin de <i><span class="lang-la" lang="la">dictator</span></i>, dérivé du verbe <i><span class="lang-la" lang="la">dictare</span></i><sup id="cite_ref-Gaffiot-Dictator_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaffiot-Dictator-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, c'est-à-dire «&#160;dire en répétant souvent, ordonner, commander&#160;» avec le suffixe d’agent <i>-tor</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, probablement pour désigner un magistrat par un mot au sens non-défini pour les formes spéciales de gouvernance de certaines villes du <a href="/wiki/Latium" title="Latium">Latium</a><sup id="cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perseus-Dictator-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, par exemple celles d'<a href="/wiki/Albe_la_Longue" title="Albe la Longue">Alba</a>, du <a href="/wiki/Lanuvium" title="Lanuvium">Lanuvium</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, de Cora, de Tusculum, et de <a href="/wiki/Nomentum" title="Nomentum">Nomentum</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Tusculum" title="Tusculum">Tusculum</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tite-LiveTite-Live&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;1&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_23,_4_;_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;3&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_18_,2_;_et_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;6&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;VI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_28,_4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tite-LiveTite-Live&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;1&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_23,_4_;_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;3&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_18_,2_;_et_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;6&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;VI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_28,_4-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denys_d&#39;HalicarnasseDenys_d&#39;Halicarnasse&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;5&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_74,_4_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denys_d&#39;HalicarnasseDenys_d&#39;Halicarnasse&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;5&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_74,_4-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. À Rome, ce magistrat était appelé <i><a href="/wiki/Magister_populi" class="mw-redirect" title="Magister populi">Magister populi</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perseus-Dictator-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dans son sens d'origine, le terme désigne un <a href="/wiki/Magistrats_romains" title="Magistrats romains">magistrat</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> sous la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_romaine" title="République romaine">République romaine</a>, nommé par le <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_romain" title="Sénat romain">Sénat</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Larousse-encyclopédie_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larousse-encyclopédie-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et investi par les <a href="/wiki/Consuls_romains_de_la_R%C3%A9publique" class="mw-redirect" title="Consuls romains de la République">Consuls</a> pour les remplacer<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> pour gouverner en cas de proclamation du <i><a href="/wiki/Justitium" title="Justitium">Justitium</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, une situation de crise. Il était muni des pleins pouvoirs<sup id="cite_ref-Larousse-encyclopédie_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larousse-encyclopédie-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, l'<a href="/wiki/Imperium" title="Imperium">Imperium</a> qui regroupe tous les aspects de la vie publique excepté le pouvoir financier qui demeurait sous la coupe du Sénat<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, y compris dans le <a href="/wiki/Pomerium" title="Pomerium">pomerium</a><sup id="cite_ref-Cébeillac-Gervasoni200652_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cébeillac-Gervasoni200652-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rougé199134_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rougé199134-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, pendant un mandat, qui ne peut, à l'origine excéder six mois<sup id="cite_ref-Larousse-encyclopédie_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larousse-encyclopédie-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>d 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, mais évoluera sous les différents dirigeants. </p><p>Le terme désigne également un <a href="/wiki/Fonctionnaire_imp%C3%A9rial" title="Fonctionnaire impérial">fonctionnaire</a> après les <a href="/wiki/Principat_d%27Auguste" title="Principat d&#39;Auguste">réformes augustéennes</a> dans les <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats_latins_d%27Orient" title="États latins d&#39;Orient">États latins tardifs</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Cette forme d'État est d'abord décrite, aussi bien chez les historiens antiques notamment chez <a href="/wiki/Tite-Live" title="Tite-Live">Tite-Live</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> que chez les savants modernes comme une mesure exceptionnelle, une <span class="citation">«&#160;magistrature républicaine extraordinaire&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dans la culture <a href="/wiki/%C3%89trusque" title="Étrusque">étrusque</a> et latine, le terme ne désigne pas un statut péjoratif comme aujourd'hui<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, au contraire, il semble être valorisé par Tite-Live<sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et Cicéron<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr>&#160;souhaitée]</a></sup>. Il ne désigne pas, contrairement au statut de <a href="/wiki/Tyran" title="Tyran">tyran</a>, un jugement de valeur porté sur l'exercice du pouvoir mais désigne une <a href="/wiki/Institutions_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_romaine" title="Institutions de la République romaine">institution</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Toutefois, la distinction entre tyrannie et dictature, et de ce fait tyran et dictateur, n'est pas toujours très nette, et ces questions sont ouvertes à controverses et débats chez les historiens<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Par exemple, l'historien <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Hurlet" title="Frédéric Hurlet">Frédéric Hurlet</a> tente notamment de qualifier le pouvoir exercé par Sylla dans son livre <i>La dictature de Sylla&#160;: monarchie ou magistrature républicaine? Essai d'histoire constitutionnelle.</i> Mais la question reste encore ouverte&#160;: en 2021, l'historien Alban Dignat emploie l'expression <span class="citation">«&#160;dictature de caractère monarchique&#160;»</span> dans la revue <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9rodote_(revue)" title="Hérodote (revue)">Hérodote</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Évolution_du_terme"><span id=".C3.89volution_du_terme"></span>Évolution du terme</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier la section : Évolution du terme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Évolution du terme"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Dictature" title="Spécial:EditPage/Dictature">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue&#160;! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire&#160;?</a></div></div> <p>Le mot dictateur désigne actuellement ce que l'on appelait plutôt <a href="/wiki/Tyran" title="Tyran">tyran</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> dans l'Antiquité ou <a href="/wiki/Despote" title="Despote">despote</a> dans l'<a href="/wiki/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a>. Cette acception qui s'est développée pendant la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Révolution française">Révolution française</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> sert surtout pour la <a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_contemporaine" title="Époque contemporaine">période contemporaine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sens_moderne">Sens moderne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier la section : Sens moderne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Sens moderne"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dans le <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionnaire_encyclop%C3%A9dique_Brockhaus_et_Efron" title="Dictionnaire encyclopédique Brockhaus et Efron">Dictionnaire encyclopédique Brockhaus et Efron</a></i>, publié entre 1890 et 1907 à <a href="/wiki/Saint-P%C3%A9tersbourg" title="Saint-Pétersbourg">Saint-Pétersbourg</a> sous l'<a href="/wiki/Empire_russe" title="Empire russe">Empire russe</a>, une dictature est définie comme <span class="citation">«&#160;un pouvoir totalement ou presque illimité, non fondé sur le droit existant&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIT7_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT7-27"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dans la <i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</a></i>, publiée à partir de 1968, un dictateur est défini comme <span class="citation">«&#160;celui qui reçoit ou s'arroge le droit de concentrer en lui tous les pouvoirs&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIT8_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT8-28"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Autres définitions&#160;: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Universalis" title="Encyclopædia Universalis">Encyclopædia Universalis</a></i>&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;La dictature est un régime politique autoritaire, établi et maintenu par la violence, à caractère exceptionnel et illégitime. Elle surgit dans des crises sociales très graves, où elle sert soit à précipiter l'évolution en cours (dictatures révolutionnaires), soit à l'empêcher ou à la freiner (dictatures conservatrices). Il s'agit en général d'un régime très personnel&#160;; mais l'armée ou le parti unique peuvent servir de base à des dictatures institutionnelles&#160;»</span>&#160;;</li> <li><i>Dictionnaire de la politique</i> (Hatier)&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;La dictature se définit comme un régime arbitraire et coercitif, incompatible avec la liberté politique, le gouvernement constitutionnel et le principe de l’égalité devant la loi&#160;»</span>&#160;;</li> <li><i>Dictionnaire culturel</i> (Larousse)&#160;: une dictature est un <span class="citation">«&#160;régime politique dans lequel le pouvoir est détenu par une personne ou par un groupe de personnes (junte) qui l'exercent sans contrôle, de façon autoritaire&#160;»</span> et un dictateur est une <span class="citation">«&#160;personne qui, à la tête d'un État, détient tous les pouvoirs, les exerçant sans contrôle et de façon autoritaire&#160;; autocrate&#160;»</span> ou <span class="citation">«&#160;sous la République romaine, magistrat extraordinaire nommé en cas de crise grave par les consuls sur la demande du sénat, et possédant tous les pouvoirs en Italie pour six mois au maximum&#160;»</span>.</li></ul> <p>Selon <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Hannah Arendt</a> la différence entre une dictature et un régime <a href="/wiki/Totalitarisme" title="Totalitarisme">totalitaire</a> ne se situe pas dans l'ampleur de l'<a href="/wiki/Arbitraire" title="Arbitraire">arbitraire</a>, de la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9pression_politique" title="Répression politique">répression</a> et des <a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">crimes</a>, mais dans le degré de contrôle du pouvoir sur la société&#160;: une dictature devient «&#160;totalitaire&#160;» quand et si elle investit la <i>totalité</i> des <a href="/wiki/Sph%C3%A8res_d%27activit%C3%A9_et_de_sens" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphères d&#39;activité et de sens">sphères sociales</a>, s'immisçant jusqu'au cœur des sphères privée et intime (familles, mentalités, <a href="/wiki/Psych%C3%A9_(psychologie)" title="Psyché (psychologie)">psyché</a> individuelle)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Selon Michel Hastings (CEPEN-IEP de Lille) en <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>, le sociologue <a href="/wiki/Juan_Linz" title="Juan Linz">Juan Linz</a> a voulu casser l'idée d'opposition binaire démocratie/totalitarisme sous-jacente à la <a href="/wiki/Guerre_froide" title="Guerre froide">guerre froide</a>, opposition <span class="citation">«&#160;érigée en vérité scientifique et politique&#160;»</span> dans les années 1960 et 1970, sans nuances<sup id="cite_ref-Cairn&lt;ref_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cairn&lt;ref-30"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Linz le fait en ouvrant une troisième voie pour mieux décrire des régimes qu'il qualifie de <span class="citation">«&#160;régime autoritaire&#160;»</span>&#160;; ni tout à fait démocratiques, ni tout à fait totalitaires. Il propose de réserver l'usage du qualificatif <i><a href="/wiki/Autoritaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoritaire">autoritaire</a></i> aux <span class="citation">«&#160;gouvernements de crise intérimaires qui ne se sont pas institutionnalisés et qui introduisent une coupure provisoire avec les règles du régime précédent en matière d'accession au pouvoir et d'exercice de celui-ci&#160;; et cela, quelle que soit la nature des contextes politiques — démocratique, traditionnelle ou autoritaire — dans lesquels ils constituent une parenthèse&#160;»</span>. Une suspension temporaire des règles du régime antérieur serait, selon lui <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help;">«&#160;le propre des gouvernements justifiant l'appellation de dictatures constitutionnelles&#160;»</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">&#91;réf.&#160;nécessaire&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typologie_des_régimes_politiques"><span id="Typologie_des_r.C3.A9gimes_politiques"></span>Typologie des régimes politiques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier la section : Typologie des régimes politiques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Typologie des régimes politiques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article connexe&#160;: <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gimes_politiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Régimes politiques">Régimes politiques</a>.</div></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Dictature" title="Spécial:EditPage/Dictature">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue&#160;! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire&#160;?</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Premières_typologies_:_tyran,_despote"><span id="Premi.C3.A8res_typologies_:_tyran.2C_despote"></span>Premières typologies&#160;: tyran, despote</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier la section : Premières typologies : tyran, despote" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Premières typologies : tyran, despote"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Politique_compar%C3%A9e" title="Politique comparée">Politique comparée</a>.</div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Aristote-constitutions.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Aristote-constitutions.png/220px-Aristote-constitutions.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Aristote-constitutions.png/330px-Aristote-constitutions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Aristote-constitutions.png/440px-Aristote-constitutions.png 2x" data-file-width="1072" data-file-height="1594" /></a><figcaption>Classification des <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitutions</a> d'Aristote.</figcaption></figure> <p>La <span class="page_h"><a href="/wiki/Typologie" class="mw-disambig" title="Typologie">typologie</a></span> des <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gimes_politiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Régimes politiques">régimes politiques</a> est une <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9thodologie" title="Méthodologie">démarche méthodique</a> des <a href="/wiki/Science_politique" title="Science politique">sciences politiques</a> qui consiste à définir et classer l'ensemble des régimes politiques. Une des premières typologies des régimes est celle d'<a href="/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote">Aristote</a> dans sa <i><a href="/wiki/Politique_(Aristote)" title="Politique (Aristote)">Politique</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, elle se divise en trois principaux groupes en fonction du nombre de gouvernants<sup id="cite_ref-:2_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et de la finalité de la <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a>. Il décrit les formes politiques gouvernées par une seule personne (royauté, tyrannie), d'un petit nombre (aristocratie, oligarchie) et par plusieurs individus (gouvernement constitutionnel, démocratie)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Aristote fait de la tyrannie une forme corrompue de gouvernement par un seul, la <a href="/wiki/Monarchie" title="Monarchie">monarchie</a>. Dans <i><a href="/wiki/De_l%27esprit_des_lois" title="De l&#39;esprit des lois">De l'esprit des lois</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a> propose une typologie différente de celle d'Aristote<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, bien qu'elle reste une classification par le nombre de gouvernants, celle-ci est fondée sur la relation entre la société et le régime<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, lui-même caractérisé par la taille de son territoire ainsi que d'autres facteurs<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Cette typologie est divisée en trois formes de gouvernement&#160;: la république, la monarchie et, la pire forme de gouvernement<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, le <a href="/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme">despotisme</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Du_XIXe_au_XXe_siècle"><span id="Du_XIXe_au_XXe_si.C3.A8cle"></span>Du <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#32;au&#32;<abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier la section : Du XIXe au XXe siècle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Du XIXe au XXe siècle"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div style="position:relative; display:table; margin-top:0.8em;"><div class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help; overflow:hidden; padding-bottom:0;;color:var(--color-base, #202122);background:var(--background-color-base, #fff)">Dans le domaine de la <a href="/wiki/Politique" title="Politique">politique</a>, on appelle «&#160;dictature&#160;» un régime dans lequel une personne (<a href="/wiki/Dictateur_(sens_moderne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictateur (sens moderne)">dictateur</a>), ou un groupe de personnes, disposant d'un pouvoir absolu, s'y maintient de manière autoritaire et l'exerce de façon arbitraire. <p>Le caractère absolu du pouvoir se caractérise notamment par l'absence de <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9paration_des_pouvoirs" title="Séparation des pouvoirs">séparation des pouvoirs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pouvoir_ex%C3%A9cutif" title="Pouvoir exécutif">exécutif</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pouvoir_l%C3%A9gislatif" title="Pouvoir législatif">législatif</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pouvoir_judiciaire" title="Pouvoir judiciaire">judiciaire</a>). Cette confusion des pouvoirs peut l'être au profit de l'<a href="/wiki/Pouvoir_ex%C3%A9cutif" title="Pouvoir exécutif">exécutif</a> (cas le plus courant) ou au profit du pouvoir législatif (<a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_d%27assembl%C3%A9e" title="Régime d&#39;assemblée">régime d'assemblée</a>). Il résulte aussi de l'absence de contrôle démocratique et d'élections libres (<a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9pression_politique" title="Répression politique">répression politique</a> des opposants, le non-respect de la <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9_de_la_presse" title="Liberté de la presse">liberté de la presse</a>). </p><p>Le caractère arbitraire du pouvoir se traduit par le non-respect de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_droit" title="État de droit">État de droit</a> (violation de la <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">Constitution</a>, établissement de <a href="/wiki/Loi_d%27exception" title="Loi d&#39;exception">lois d'exceptions</a>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:President_Suharto,_1993.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg/220px-President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg/330px-President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg/440px-President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1537" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Soeharto" title="Soeharto">Soeharto</a>, ancien président dictatorial indonésien, en poste de 1967 à 1998.</figcaption></figure> <p>Si beaucoup de dictateurs arrivent au pouvoir à la suite d'un <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%89tat" title="Coup d&#39;État">coup d'État</a> (en <a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_latine" title="Amérique latine">Amérique latine</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Europe_centrale_et_orientale" class="mw-redirect" title="Europe centrale et orientale">Europe centrale et orientale</a>, longtemps sous l'influence du <a href="/wiki/Bloc_de_l%27Est" title="Bloc de l&#39;Est">Bloc de l'Est</a>), d'une <a href="/wiki/Guerre_civile" title="Guerre civile">guerre civile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a>) ou d'une guerre internationale (<a href="/wiki/Kim_Il-sung" title="Kim Il-sung">Kim Il-sung</a>), il arrive qu'un dirigeant parvienne au pouvoir légalement avant de devenir un dictateur (ce fut le cas d'<a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> ou d'<a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">António de Oliveira Salazar</a>) ou bien accède au pouvoir dans un régime de <a href="/wiki/Parti_unique" title="Parti unique">parti unique</a> (ce fut le cas de <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9nine" class="mw-redirect" title="Lénine">Lénine</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Staline" class="mw-redirect" title="Staline">Staline</a> et de <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a>). </p> </div><div class="need_ref_tag" style="position:absolute; top:-0.6em; left:1em; padding:0 0.5em; font-size:80%; line-height:1em;;color:var(--color-base, #202122);background:var(--background-color-base, #fff)"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">&#91;réf.&#160;nécessaire&#93;</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Au_XXIe_siècle"><span id="Au_XXIe_si.C3.A8cle"></span>Au <abbr class="abbr" title="21ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XXI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifier la section : Au XXIe siècle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Au XXIe siècle"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En 2006, Brian Lai et Dan Slater proposent une nouvelle typologie des régimes autoritaires qui comprend quatre catégories&#160;: «&#160;<a href="/wiki/Machine_politique" title="Machine politique">machine</a>&#160;» (parti oligarchique), «&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bossisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bossisme (page inexistante)">bossisme</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_boss" class="extiw" title="en:Political boss"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Political boss&#160;»">(en)</span></a>&#160;» (autocratie avec partis), «&#160;<a href="/wiki/Homme_fort_(politique)" title="Homme fort (politique)">homme fort</a>&#160;» (autocratie particulière) et les <a href="/wiki/Junte_(institution)" title="Junte (institution)">juntes</a> (oligarchie)<sup id="cite_ref-Lai2006_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lai2006-38"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Aucune catégorie ne comprend la dictature, bien que certaines aient des formes dictatoriales<sup id="cite_ref-Lai2006_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lai2006-38"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>D'après Gustav Lidén, les typologies sur les dictatures ont augmenté ces dernières années et les récentes recherches révèlent que les <span class="citation">«&#160;liens établis avec les dictatures sont vagues ou presque des alternatives arbitraires&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIT1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT1-39"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il rappelle que les dictatures sont en général classifiées à partir de caractéristiques telles que l'accès au pouvoir, la gouvernance par une seule personne, la forme militarisée du pouvoir et le fait qu'il y ait parti unique<sup id="cite_ref-Gustav_Lidén53_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gustav_Lidén53-40"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il soutient l'idée que classifier une dictature seulement à partir de sa forme de gouvernance par un seul individu n'est pas pertinente car la royauté traditionnelle, elle aussi, est une forme de gouvernance par un seul individu<sup id="cite_ref-Gustav_Lidén54_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gustav_Lidén54-41"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;; de fait, la classification sur ce seul critère <span class="citation">«&#160;réflète les idées stéréotypées [que l'on se fait] d'un dictateur&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIT2_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT2-42"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width:auto; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.3em;"> <caption>Typologie comparative des dictatures par Gustav Lidén<sup id="cite_ref-Gustav_Lidén56_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gustav_Lidén56-43"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Caractéristique </th> <th>Geddes (1999) </th> <th>Hadenius &amp; Teorell (2007) </th> <th>Wahman et al. (2013) </th> <th>Kailitz (2013) </th> <th>Cheibub et al. (2010) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Monarchie </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gouvernance d'un seul individu </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Militaire </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parti unique </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Système électoral </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Absence de parti </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parti unique </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Plusieurs partis limités </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parti unique autocratique </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td>Communisme </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature_civile&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dictature civile (page inexistante)">Dictature civile</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/civilian_dictatorship" class="extiw" title="en:civilian dictatorship"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;civilian dictatorship&#160;»">(en)</span></a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Oui </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/27px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_close-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span>&#160;Non </td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div style="position:relative; display:table; margin-top:0.8em;"><div class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help; overflow:hidden; padding-bottom:0;;color:var(--color-base, #202122);background:var(--background-color-base, #fff)">Certains critères peuvent mettre au jour le caractère dictatorial d'un <a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27%C3%89tat" title="Chef d&#39;État">chef d'État</a> dans un pays, sans pour autant tous les réunir&#160;: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culte_de_la_personnalit%C3%A9" title="Culte de la personnalité">Culte de la personnalité</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caract%C3%A8re_(psychologie)" title="Caractère (psychologie)">caractère</a> <a href="/wiki/Narcissisme" title="Narcissisme">narcissique</a></li> <li>Absence de <a href="/wiki/Contre-pouvoir" title="Contre-pouvoir">contre-pouvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9pression_politique" title="Répression politique">Répression</a> de toute forme d'<a href="/wiki/Opposition_(politique)" title="Opposition (politique)">opposition</a> et non-respect des <a href="/wiki/Droits_de_l%27homme" title="Droits de l&#39;homme">Droits de l'homme</a> des individus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contre-r%C3%A9volution" title="Contre-révolution">Contre-révolution</a></li> <li>Présence d'une forme de <a href="/wiki/Le_Prince#XVII._De_la_cruauté_et_de_la_clémence,_et_s’il_vaut_mieux_être_aimé_que_craint" title="Le Prince">cruauté pour Machiavel</a></li> <li>Absence d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89lection" title="Élection">élection</a> ou élections falsifiées. Pas ou peu d'<a href="/wiki/Observation_des_%C3%A9lections" title="Observation des élections">observation des élections</a> par la communauté internationale</li> <li>Absence de <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9_d%27expression" title="Liberté d&#39;expression">liberté d'expression</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9_de_la_presse" title="Liberté de la presse">liberté de la presse</a> (contrôle et mainmise des <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9dias" class="mw-redirect" title="Médias">médias</a>), <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9_de_r%C3%A9union" title="Liberté de réunion">liberté de réunion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9_de_religion" title="Liberté de religion">liberté de religion</a></li> <li>Maintien de la population loin de l'<a href="/wiki/Enseignement" title="Enseignement">enseignement</a> (embrigadement de la jeunesse) et/ou trucage de l'<a href="/wiki/Histoire" title="Histoire">histoire</a>, un peuple instruit étant difficile à <a href="/wiki/Manipulation_mentale" title="Manipulation mentale">manipuler</a></li> <li>Commandement absolu de l'<a href="/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e" title="Armée">armée</a> et/ou de la <a href="/wiki/Police_(institution)" title="Police (institution)">police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parodie_de_proc%C3%A8s" title="Parodie de procès">Parodie de procès</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9ni_de_justice" title="Déni de justice">Déni de justice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abus_de_droit" title="Abus de droit">Abus de droit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">Corruption</a> et enrichissement personnel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9potisme" title="Népotisme">Népotisme</a> et <a href="/wiki/Client%C3%A9lisme" title="Clientélisme">clientélisme</a></li> <li>Recherche de <a href="/wiki/Diviser_pour_mieux_r%C3%A9gner" title="Diviser pour mieux régner">division pour régner</a></li> <li>Pratiques de la <a href="/wiki/Censure" title="Censure">censure</a> et de la <a href="/wiki/Propagande" title="Propagande">propagande</a></li> <li>Surnoms véhiculant l'idée de <a href="/wiki/Homme_providentiel#Surnoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Homme providentiel">guider le peuple</a></li> <li>Législation par le dirigeant</li></ul> </div><div class="need_ref_tag" style="position:absolute; top:-0.6em; left:1em; padding:0 0.5em; font-size:80%; line-height:1em;;color:var(--color-base, #202122);background:var(--background-color-base, #fff)"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">&#91;réf.&#160;nécessaire&#93;</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_de_dictatures">Types de dictatures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifier la section : Types de dictatures" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Types de dictatures"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Militaire">Militaire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifier la section : Militaire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Militaire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg/200px-Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg/300px-Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg/400px-Marines-march-on-Government-Building-Seoul_1962-05-17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="944" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Des soldats occupent <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9oul" title="Séoul">Séoul</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a>, dans le cadre du <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%89tat_de_1961_en_Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Coup d&#39;État de 1961 en Corée du Sud">coup d'État du 16 mai</a> qui a placé le général <a href="/wiki/Park_Chung-hee" title="Park Chung-hee">Park Chung-hee</a> au pouvoir.</figcaption></figure> <p>Les <a href="/wiki/Dictature_militaire" title="Dictature militaire">dictatures militaires</a> sont des régimes dans lesquels les officiers militaires détiennent le pouvoir, déterminent qui dirigera le pays et exercent une influence sur la politique<sup id="cite_ref-EzrowFrantz201120_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EzrowFrantz201120-44"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Elles sont plus courantes dans les pays en développement d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Amérique latine. Elles sont souvent instables et chacune n'a une durée moyenne que de cinq ans, mais elles sont souvent suivies de nouveaux coups d’État militaires et dictatures militaires. Bien que courante au <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, l’importance des dictatures militaires a décliné dans les années 1970 et 1980<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les dictatures militaires sont généralement formées par un coup d’État militaire au cours duquel des officiers supérieurs utilisent l’armée pour renverser le gouvernement. Dans les démocraties, la menace d'un coup d'État militaire est associée à la période qui suit immédiatement la création d'une démocratie mais qui précède des réformes militaires à grande échelle. Dans les oligarchies, la menace d'un coup d'État militaire vient de la force de l'armée mise en balance avec les concessions qui lui sont faites. Parmi les autres facteurs associés aux coups d’État militaires figurent l’étendue des ressources naturelles, le recours limité à l’armée au niveau international et le recours à l’armée comme force d’oppression au niveau national<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>28<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les coups d’État militaires n’aboutissent pas nécessairement à des dictatures militaires, car le pouvoir peut alors être transmis à un individu ou l’armée peut permettre la tenue d’élections démocratiques. </p><p>Les dictatures militaires ont souvent des traits communs en raison du passé commun des dictateurs militaires. Ces dictateurs peuvent se considérer comme impartiaux dans leur surveillance d'un pays en raison de leur statut non partisan, et ils peuvent se considérer comme des «&#160;gardiens de l'État&#160;». La prédominance de la force violente dans la formation militaire se manifeste par l’acceptation de la violence comme outil politique et par la capacité d’organiser la violence à grande échelle. Les dictateurs militaires peuvent également se montrer moins confiants ou moins diplomates et sous-estimer le recours au marchandage et au compromis en politique. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parti_unique">Parti unique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifier la section : Parti unique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Parti unique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les dictatures à <a href="/wiki/Parti_unique" title="Parti unique">parti unique</a> sont des gouvernements dans lesquels un seul parti politique domine la politique. Les dictatures à parti unique sont des États à parti unique dans lesquels seul le parti au pouvoir est légalisé et tous les partis d'opposition sont interdits. Les dictatures à parti dominant ou les dictatures autoritaires électorales sont des dictatures à parti unique dans lesquelles les partis d'opposition sont théoriquement légaux mais ne peuvent pas influencer de manière significative le gouvernement<sup id="cite_ref-parti_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parti-48"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>29<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les dictatures à parti unique étaient plus courantes pendant la <a href="/wiki/Guerre_froide" title="Guerre froide">guerre froide</a>, les dictatures à parti dominant étant devenues plus courantes après la chute de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_sovi%C3%A9tique" class="mw-redirect" title="Union soviétique">Union soviétique</a>. </p><p>Les dictatures à parti unique sont plus stables que les autres formes de régime autoritaire, car elles sont moins sujettes à l’insurrection et connaissent une croissance économique plus élevée. Les partis au pouvoir permettent à une dictature d’influencer plus largement la population et de faciliter un accord politique entre les élites des partis. Entre 1950 et 2016, les dictatures à parti unique représentaient 57&#160;% des régimes autoritaires dans le monde et les dictatures à parti unique ont continué à se développer plus rapidement que les autres formes de dictature dans la seconde moitié du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle. En raison de la structure de leur leadership, les dictatures à parti unique sont nettement moins susceptibles d'être confrontées à un conflit civil, à une insurrection ou au terrorisme que d'autres formes de dictature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monarchie_absolue">Monarchie absolue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifier la section : Monarchie absolue" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Monarchie absolue"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg/200px-King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg/300px-King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg/400px-King_Abdulaziz_with_Prince_Faisal_and_Prince_Saud.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1406" /></a><figcaption>Le roi <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saoud" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Saoud">Ibn Saoud</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Arabie_Saoudite" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabie Saoudite">Arabie Saoudite</a> avec deux de ses fils.</figcaption></figure> <p>Une <a href="/wiki/Absolutisme" title="Absolutisme">monarchie absolue</a> est une <a href="/wiki/Monarchie" title="Monarchie">monarchie</a> dans laquelle le monarque règne sans limitations légales. Cela la distingue de la <a href="/wiki/Monarchie_constitutionnelle" title="Monarchie constitutionnelle">monarchie constitutionnelle</a> et de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchie_c%C3%A9r%C3%A9monielle&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchie cérémonielle (page inexistante)">monarchie cérémonielle</a><sup id="cite_ref-EzrowFrantz2011240–241_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EzrowFrantz2011240–241-49"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>30<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Dans une monarchie absolue, le pouvoir est limité à la famille royale et la légitimité est établie par des facteurs historiques. Les monarchies peuvent être dynastiques, dans lesquelles la famille royale sert d'institution dirigeante semblable à un parti politique dans un État à parti unique, ou elles peuvent être non dynastiques, dans lesquelles le monarque règne indépendamment de la famille royale en tant que dictateur personnaliste<sup id="cite_ref-EzrowFrantz2011259_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EzrowFrantz2011259-50"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>31<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les monarchies autorisent des règles de succession strictes qui produisent un transfert pacifique du pouvoir à la mort du monarque, mais cela peut également entraîner des conflits de succession si plusieurs membres de la famille royale revendiquent le droit de régner<sup id="cite_ref-EzrowFrantz2011254_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EzrowFrantz2011254-51"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>À l’ère moderne, les monarchies absolues sont plus courantes au <a href="/wiki/Moyen-Orient" title="Moyen-Orient">Moyen-Orient</a><sup id="cite_ref-EzrowFrantz201146–48_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EzrowFrantz201146–48-52"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>33<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Triumvirat">Triumvirat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifier la section : Triumvirat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Triumvirat"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%C4%B0kdam,_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%C4%B0kdam%2C_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg/220px-%C4%B0kdam%2C_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%C4%B0kdam%2C_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg/330px-%C4%B0kdam%2C_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%C4%B0kdam%2C_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg/440px-%C4%B0kdam%2C_4_Kas%C4%B1m_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="989" /></a><figcaption>La première page du journal ottoman <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0kdam" title="İkdam">İkdam</a></i>, le <time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1918-11-04" data-sort-value="1918-11-04"><a href="/wiki/4_novembre" title="4 novembre">4</a> <a href="/wiki/Novembre_1918_(guerre_mondiale)" title="Novembre 1918 (guerre mondiale)">novembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a></time>, à la suite de la fuite des Trois Pachas après la <a href="/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_Guerre_mondiale" title="Première Guerre mondiale">Première Guerre mondiale</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Un triumvirat (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>&#160;: <i>triumvirātus</i>) ou une triarchie est une institution politique dirigée ou dominée par trois individus, appelés triumvirs (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>&#160;: <i>triumviri</i>). L'arrangement peut être formel ou informel. Bien que les trois dirigeants d’un triumvirat soient théoriquement égaux, la répartition réelle du pouvoir peut varier. Le terme peut également être utilisé pour décrire un État avec trois chefs militaires différents qui prétendent tous être le seul chef. </p><p>Certains triumvirats ont fonctionné dans une démocratie fragile, dans d'autres cas, il s'agissait de dictatures de trois personnes, notamment sous la <a href="/wiki/Rome_antique" title="Rome antique">Rome antique</a> ou plus récemment dans l'<a href="/wiki/Empire_ottoman" title="Empire ottoman">Empire ottoman</a> sous les <a href="/wiki/Trois_Pachas" title="Trois Pachas">Trois Pachas</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 107.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 105.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ismail_Enver.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Enver Pacha."><img alt="Enver Pacha." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ismail_Enver.jpg/158px-Ismail_Enver.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ismail_Enver.jpg/238px-Ismail_Enver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ismail_Enver.jpg/317px-Ismail_Enver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="908" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Enver_Pacha" class="mw-redirect" title="Enver Pacha">Enver Pacha</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 101.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 99.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Djemal_Pasha2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Djemal Pacha."><img alt="Djemal Pacha." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Djemal_Pasha2.png/149px-Djemal_Pasha2.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Djemal_Pasha2.png/224px-Djemal_Pasha2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Djemal_Pasha2.png/299px-Djemal_Pasha2.png 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="2358" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Djemal_Pacha" title="Djemal Pacha">Djemal Pacha</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Talaat_Bey.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Talaat Pacha."><img alt="Talaat Pacha." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Talaat_Bey.png/154px-Talaat_Bey.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Talaat_Bey.png/232px-Talaat_Bey.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Talaat_Bey.png/309px-Talaat_Bey.png 2x" data-file-width="1726" data-file-height="2512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Talaat_Pacha" title="Talaat Pacha">Talaat Pacha</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classements_des_régimes"><span id="Classements_des_r.C3.A9gimes"></span>Classements des régimes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifier la section : Classements des régimes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Classements des régimes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Régimes_autoritaires_ou_dictatoriaux"><span id="R.C3.A9gimes_autoritaires_ou_dictatoriaux"></span>Régimes autoritaires ou dictatoriaux</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifier la section : Régimes autoritaires ou dictatoriaux" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Régimes autoritaires ou dictatoriaux"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il reste encore aujourd'hui des régimes autoritaires ou dictatoriaux, la plupart situés sur les continents africain et asiatique. En Europe ou entre l'Europe et l'Asie, l'<a href="/wiki/Azerba%C3%AFdjan" title="Azerbaïdjan">Azerbaïdjan</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A9lorussie" title="Biélorussie">Biélorussie</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a> sont considérées comme des dictatures, tandis que la <a href="/wiki/Turquie" title="Turquie">Turquie</a> est vue comme un régime hybride, où la démocratie se dégrade, à la limite un régime autoritaire. </p><p>Les dictatures sont fréquemment des régimes à parti unique, quelquefois fermés au reste du monde (<a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Nord" title="Corée du Nord">Corée du Nord</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Birmanie" title="Birmanie">Birmanie</a> avant 2011<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>34<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>). Mais la règle n'est pas absolue car l'histoire <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite plus de précisions." style="cursor:help;">admet certaines dictatures pluralistes</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Pr%C3%A9ciser_un_fait" title="Aide:Préciser un fait">[C'est-à-dire&#160;?]</a></sup> (exemple&#160;: la <a href="/wiki/France_de_Vichy" class="mw-redirect" title="France de Vichy">France de Vichy</a>, le Maroc sous le règne d'<a href="/wiki/Hassan_II" title="Hassan II">Hassan II</a>), auquel cas il est plus approprié d'employer l'expression "régime autoritaire" que celle de "dictature". </p><p>La montée en puissance des politiques anti-terroristes et de surveillance ou sécurité limitant les libertés civiles dans les démocraties occidentales a par ailleurs remis au goût du jour la théorie de la dictature constitutionnelle, pensée initialement par des juristes allemands sous la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_de_Weimar" title="République de Weimar">République de Weimar</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>35<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et illustrée par exemple, en France, par les pouvoirs exceptionnels que tient le Président de la République de l'article 16 de la <a href="/wiki/Constitution_fran%C3%A7aise_du_4_octobre_1958" title="Constitution française du 4 octobre 1958">Constitution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indice_de_démocratie"><span id="Indice_de_d.C3.A9mocratie"></span>Indice de démocratie</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifier la section : Indice de démocratie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Indice de démocratie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article connexe&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Indice_de_d%C3%A9mocratie" title="Indice de démocratie">Indice de démocratie</a>.</div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Democracy_Index_2022.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Democracy_Index_2022.svg/352px-Democracy_Index_2022.svg.png" decoding="async" width="352" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Democracy_Index_2022.svg/528px-Democracy_Index_2022.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Democracy_Index_2022.svg/704px-Democracy_Index_2022.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2751" data-file-height="1396" /></a><figcaption>Carte de l'indice de démocratie par l'<a href="/wiki/Economist_Intelligence_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Economist Intelligence Unit">Economist Intelligence Unit</a> de 2022&#160;: plus le pays est vert, plus il est considéré démocratique<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>36<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <b>Démocraties pleines</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160408543">.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-centre{display:table;margin:0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc ul li{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.5em}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.0em}</style><div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"><ul> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#006837;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>9–10</li> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#1a9850;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>8–9</li> </ul></div> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <b>Démocraties imparfaites</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r160408543"><div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"><ul> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#66bd63;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>7–8</li> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#a6d96a;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>6–7</li> </ul></div> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <b>Régimes hybrides</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r160408543"><div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"><ul> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#fee08b;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>5–6</li> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#fdae61;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>4–5</li> </ul></div> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <b>Régimes autoritaires</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r160408543"><div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"><ul> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#f46d43;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>3–4</li> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#d73027;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>2–3</li> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#a50026;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>0-2</li> <li><span class="legende" style="border:1px solid gray; background:#cccccc;; margin-right:0.3em; vertical-align:middle; webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; color-adjust:exact; display:inline-block; width:1.3em; height:1.3em;"></span>Non déterminé</li> </ul></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </figcaption></figure> <p>Le groupe de presse britannique <a href="/wiki/The_Economist_Group" title="The Economist Group">The Economist Group</a> a créé l'<a href="/wiki/Indice_de_d%C3%A9mocratie" title="Indice de démocratie">indice de démocratie</a>. Il a publié son premier rapport en 2006 et publie depuis une version annuelle. Celui-ci classe les pays en quatre catégories en fonction de leur <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_politique" title="Régime politique">régime politique</a>&#160;: démocratie à part entière, démocratie imparfaite, régime hybride et régime autoritaire. Cette dernière catégorie ne regroupe pas <i>stricto sensu</i> les dictatures, mais les rapports annuels, à l'instar de celui de 2020, précisent<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> que <span class="citation">«&#160;dans cette catégorie de nombreux pays sont incontestablement des dictatures&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIT3_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT3-57"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Agence_intergouvernementale">Agence intergouvernementale</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Modifier la section : Agence intergouvernementale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Agence intergouvernementale"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'<a href="/wiki/Institut_international_pour_la_d%C3%A9mocratie_et_l%E2%80%99assistance_%C3%A9lectorale" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut international pour la démocratie et l’assistance électorale">Institut international pour la démocratie et l’assistance électorale</a>, fondé en 1997, publie son premier rapport en 2017 sur l'état des régimes politiques dans le monde, en créant les indices <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Global State of Democracy</i></span> à partir d'indices, notamment de l' <a href="/wiki/Indice_de_d%C3%A9mocratie" title="Indice de démocratie">indice de démocratie</a>&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;Democracy Barometer, the World Governance Indicators, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) Democracy Index, and the World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Index&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>38<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Elle héberge une carte de 1975 à 2021 qui catégorise les pays en fonction de ces indices<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>39<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classements_des_dictatures">Classements des dictatures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Modifier la section : Classements des dictatures" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Classements des dictatures"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'indice Démocratie-Dictature (<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Democracy-Dictatorship Index</span></i>, abrégé DD) est un indice binaire qui classe chaque pays en fonction de son régime politique en deux types&#160;: démocratie ou dictature et en trois sous-types chacun&#160;: civil, militaire et royal. La seule catégorie inexistante en pratique est la démocratie militaire. Si les monarchies occidentales notamment sont parfois des pays démocratiques parmi les mieux classés, ce qui décorrèle ou dément la confusion courante là où le rôle présidentiel est plus ou moins fort et démocratique entre les notions de république (notamment présidentielle ou semi-présidentielle) et de démocratie<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>40<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, le rôle du souverain y est symbolique et l'indice DD classe surtout les démocraties en parlementaire, présidentielle et semi-présidentielle, le Parlement jouant un rôle favorable à la démocratie dans des monarchies libérales. L'indice a initialement été proposé par <a href="/wiki/Adam_Przeworski" title="Adam Przeworski">Adam Przeworski</a> et al. en 2010 et utilisé par <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Cheibub" title="José Antonio Cheibub">Cheibub</a> et al.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheibub2010-61"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> en 2010<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>41<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les auteurs de ce classement revendiquent une approche minimaliste de la démocratie<sup id="cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheibub2010-61"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>42<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, c'est-à-dire qu'elle doit correspondre au concept de démocratie de <a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Karl Popper</a> et <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schumpeter" title="Joseph Schumpeter">Joseph Schumpeter</a>&#160;; Przeworkski précise cette approche en citant Popper&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;le seul système dans lequel les citoyens peuvent retourner le gouvernement sans bain de sang<sup id="cite_ref-CIT4_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT4-64"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;»</span>. </p><p>Pour Cheibub et al.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheibub201069_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheibub201069-65"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, un régime est considéré comme démocratique s'il satisfait&#160;: «&#160;l'ensemble des critères des quatre règles suivantes&#160;: </p> <ol><li>Le chef de l'exécutif doit être choisi par élection populaire ou par un organe lui-même élu par le peuple&#160;;</li> <li>La législature doit être élue par le peuple&#160;;</li> <li>Il doit y avoir plus d'un parti en lice aux élections&#160;;</li> <li>Une alternance au pouvoir selon des règles électorales identiques à celles qui ont porté le président sortant doit avoir eu lieu<sup id="cite_ref-CIT5_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT5-66"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;».</li></ol> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Représentations cartographiques des démocraties et dictatures selon le DD&#160;:</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 254.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 252.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png" class="mw-file-description" title="en 1988[b 7]"><img alt="en 1988[b 7]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png/379px-DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png" decoding="async" width="253" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png/569px-DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png/758px-DD_classification_1988_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png 2x" data-file-width="1059" data-file-height="503" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">en 1988<sup id="cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheibub2010-61"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 254.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 252.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png" class="mw-file-description" title="en 2008[b 7]"><img alt="en 2008[b 7]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png/379px-DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png" decoding="async" width="253" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png/569px-DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png/758px-DD_classification_2008_dataset_Cheibub_visualized_hanteng_en.png 2x" data-file-width="1059" data-file-height="503" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">en 2008<sup id="cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheibub2010-61"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <p>Les auteurs reconnaissent que leur classification peut entraîner des <a href="/wiki/Faux-positifs" class="mw-redirect" title="Faux-positifs">faux-positifs</a> par manques d'informations, c'est-à-dire que certains régimes peuvent être classés par erreur comme dictatures ou démocraties, mais précisent qu'ils ne peuvent pas distinguer les cas, les erreurs n'impliquent aucun jugement subjectif lors de l'analyse des données et ne compromettent pas la reproductibilité de la classification<sup id="cite_ref-Cheibub201070_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheibub201070-67"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b 9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width:auto; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.3em;"> <caption>Pays ayant un régime dictatorial selon l'indice <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Democracy-Dictatorship Index (page inexistante)">Democracy-Dictatorship</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy-Dictatorship_Index" class="extiw" title="en:Democracy-Dictatorship Index"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&#160;»">(en)</span></a></i> en 2008<sup id="cite_ref-DDdata_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDdata-68"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>43<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8em">Code du pays </th> <th style="width:24em">Type de dictature </th> <th style="width:12em">Règle non respectée<sup id="cite_ref-DDdata_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DDdata-68"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>43<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Afghanistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">AFG</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Algérie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Algérie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Algérie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Algérie">DZA</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Angola"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Angola.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Angola"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/20px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/30px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/40px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">AGO</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Azerbaidjan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Azerbaïdjan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Azerbaïdjan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerba%C3%AFdjan" title="Azerbaïdjan">AZE</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bahreïn"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Bahrain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Bahreïn"><img alt="Drapeau de Bahreïn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bahre%C3%AFn" title="Bahreïn">BHR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bangladesh"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Bangladesh"><img alt="Drapeau du Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">BGD</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bielorussie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Biélorussie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Biélorussie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A9lorussie" title="Biélorussie">BLR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bosnie-Herzégovine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bosnie-Herzégovine"><img alt="Drapeau de la Bosnie-Herzégovine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bosnie-Herz%C3%A9govine" title="Bosnie-Herzégovine">BIH</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Botswana"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Botswana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Botswana"><img alt="Drapeau du Botswana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/20px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/30px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/40px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">BWA</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Brunei"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Brunei.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Brunei"><img alt="Drapeau du Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">BRN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Burkina Faso"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Burkina Faso"><img alt="Drapeau du Burkina Faso" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/20px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/30px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/40px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">BFA</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cambodge"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cambodia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cambodge"><img alt="Drapeau du Cambodge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cambodge" title="Cambodge">KHM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cameroun"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cameroon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cameroun"><img alt="Drapeau du Cameroun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cameroun" title="Cameroun">CMR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Centrafricaine république"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République centrafricaine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République centrafricaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine" title="République centrafricaine">CAF</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchad"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Tchad"><img alt="Drapeau du Tchad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">TCD</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">CHN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Congo brazzaville"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la république du Congo"><img alt="Drapeau de la république du Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_du_Congo" title="République du Congo">COG</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Côte divoire"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Côte d&#39;Ivoire"><img alt="Drapeau de la Côte d&#39;Ivoire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/20px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/30px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/40px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire" title="Côte d&#39;Ivoire">CIV</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cuba"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Cuba"><img alt="Drapeau de Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">CUB</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Congo kinshasa"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la république démocratique du Congo"><img alt="Drapeau de la république démocratique du Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_d%C3%A9mocratique_du_Congo" title="République démocratique du Congo">COD</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Djibouti"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Djibouti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Djibouti"><img alt="Drapeau de Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/20px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/30px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">DJI</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Égypte"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/40px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89gypte" title="Égypte">EGY</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guinee equatoriale"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale"><img alt="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guin%C3%A9e_%C3%A9quatoriale" title="Guinée équatoriale">GNQ</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Erythree"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Eritrea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Érythrée"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Érythrée" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rythr%C3%A9e" title="Érythrée">ERI</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3&#160;; 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Éthiopie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Éthiopie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Éthiopie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89thiopie" title="Éthiopie">ETH</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>3&#160;; 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Fidji"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Fiji.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Fidji"><img alt="Drapeau des Fidji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/20px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/30px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/40px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Fidji" title="Fidji">FJI</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Gabon"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Gabon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Gabon"><img alt="Drapeau du Gabon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">GAB</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Gambie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Gambie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Gambie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/20px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/30px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/40px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gambie" title="Gambie">GMB</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guinee"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guinea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Guinée"><img alt="Drapeau de la Guinée" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guin%C3%A9e" title="Guinée">GIN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guyana"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guyana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guyana"><img alt="Drapeau du Guyana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">GUY</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Haïti"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Haiti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/20px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/30px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%AFti" title="Haïti">HTI</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Iran"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">IRN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Irak"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">IRQ</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Jordanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Jordan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Jordanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Jordanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordanie" title="Jordanie">JOR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kazakhstan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Kazakhstan"><img alt="Drapeau du Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">KAZ</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Koweit"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Kuwait.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Koweït"><img alt="Drapeau du Koweït" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kowe%C3%AFt" title="Koweït">KWT</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Laos"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Laos.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Laos"><img alt="Drapeau du Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/20px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/30px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/40px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">LAO</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Liban"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Lebanon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Liban"><img alt="Drapeau du Liban" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Liban" title="Liban">LBN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Lesotho"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Lesotho.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Lesotho"><img alt="Drapeau du Lesotho" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">LSO</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Libye"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Libya.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Libye"><img alt="Drapeau de la Libye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/20px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/30px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/40px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libye" title="Libye">LBY</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Malaisie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Malaysia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Malaisie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Malaisie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malaisie" title="Malaisie">MYS</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mauritanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mauritania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Mauritanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Mauritanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mauritanie" title="Mauritanie">MRT</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3&#160;; 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Maroc"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Morocco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Maroc"><img alt="Drapeau du Maroc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/40px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Maroc" title="Maroc">MAR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mozambique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mozambique.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mozambique"><img alt="Drapeau du Mozambique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">MOZ</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Birmanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Birmanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Birmanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/20px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/30px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Birmanie" title="Birmanie">MMR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Namibie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Namibia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Namibie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Namibie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Namibie" title="Namibie">NAM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Nord"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Nord" title="Corée du Nord">PRK</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Oman"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Oman.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Oman"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Oman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/20px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/30px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/40px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">OMN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Qatar"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Qatar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Qatar"><img alt="Drapeau du Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/20px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/30px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">QAT</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Russie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Russie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">RUS</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Rwanda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Rwanda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Rwanda"><img alt="Drapeau du Rwanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">RWA</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Samoa"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Samoa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Samoa"><img alt="Drapeau des Samoa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/20px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/30px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/40px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">SAM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Arabie saoudite"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Arabie saoudite"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Arabie saoudite" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arabie_saoudite" title="Arabie saoudite">SAU</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Seychelles"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Seychelles.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Seychelles"><img alt="Drapeau des Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/20px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/30px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/40px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">SYC</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Singapour"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Singapore.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Singapour"><img alt="Drapeau de Singapour" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/20px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/30px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/40px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Singapour" title="Singapour">SGP</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Somalie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Somalia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Somalie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Somalie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Somalie" title="Somalie">SOM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Afrique du Sud"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Afrique du Sud"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Afrique du Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afrique_du_Sud" title="Afrique du Sud">ZAF</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Soudan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Soudan"><img alt="Drapeau du Soudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan">SDN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>1&#160;; 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Eswatini"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Eswatini.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Eswatini"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Eswatini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/20px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/30px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/40px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">SWZ</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Syrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Syrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Syrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">SYR</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tadjikistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Tadjikistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Tadjikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tadjikistan" title="Tadjikistan">TJK</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tanzanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Tanzania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tanzanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tanzanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tanzanie" title="Tanzanie">TZA</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Togo"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Togo_(3-2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Togo"><img alt="Drapeau du Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">TGO</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tonga"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Tonga.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Tonga"><img alt="Drapeau des Tonga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">TON</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3&#160;; 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tunisie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Tunisia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tunisie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tunisie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tunisie" title="Tunisie">TUN</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Turkménistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Turkménistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Turkménistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkm%C3%A9nistan" title="Turkménistan">TKM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouganda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uganda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouganda" title="Ouganda">UGA</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Émirats arabes unis"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Émirats arabes unis"><img alt="Drapeau des Émirats arabes unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mirats_arabes_unis" title="Émirats arabes unis">ARE</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature royale </td> <td>1&#160;; 2&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouzbékistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouzbékistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouzbékistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouzb%C3%A9kistan" title="Ouzbékistan">UZB</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>3&#160;; 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Viet nam"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République socialiste du Viêt Nam"><img alt="Drapeau de la République socialiste du Viêt Nam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%AAt_Nam" title="Viêt Nam">VNM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>1&#160;; 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yemen"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Yémen"><img alt="Drapeau du Yémen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Y%C3%A9men" title="Yémen">YEM</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature militaire </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zambie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zambia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Zambie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Zambie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zambie" title="Zambie">ZMB</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zimbabwe"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Zimbabwe"><img alt="Drapeau du Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">ZWE</a></span> </td> <td>Dictature civile </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Notes</b> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align: left;">1&#160;: Exécutif non élu <p>2&#160;: Absence de pouvoir législatif, de pluralité de partis ou législatif non élu </p><p>3&#160;: Un seul parti (légalement ou non) ou absence de partis législatifs </p><p>4&#160;: Aucune alternance des pouvoirs </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classements_des_dictateurs">Classements des dictateurs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Modifier la section : Classements des dictateurs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Classements des dictateurs"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pour le média Planetrulers, un dictateur est <span class="citation">«&#160;un dirigeant d'un pays classé "non libre" par <a href="/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</a> dans leur rapport annuel de la liberté&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIT6_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIT6-69"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>c 8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En juillet 2021, il dénombre 50 dictatures ou régimes autoritaires dans le monde dont 19 en Afrique sub-saharienne, 12 dans le Moyen-Orient et le Nord de l'Afrique, 7 en Eurasie, 3 en Amérique et 1 en Europe<sup id="cite_ref-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte-70"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>44<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Entre 2015 et 2021, il dénombre 5 retraits, 8 ajouts et 4&#160;pays «&#160;Free&#160;» devenant «&#160;Not free&#160;»<sup id="cite_ref-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte-70"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>44<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, selon l'année la liste varie de 49 à 52&#160;pays. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width:auto; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.3em;"> <caption>Pays ayant un régime dictatorial ou un régime autoritaire selon Planetrulers en 2020<sup id="cite_ref-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersap._la_carte_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersap._la_carte-71"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>45<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8em">Code du pays </th> <th style="width:24em">Type de dictature </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Afghanistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashraf_Ghani" title="Ashraf Ghani">Ashraf Ghani</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Angola"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Angola.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Angola"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/20px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/30px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/40px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o_(homme_politique)" class="mw-redirect" title="João Lourenço (homme politique)">João Lourenço</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Azerbaidjan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Azerbaïdjan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Azerbaïdjan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerba%C3%AFdjan" title="Azerbaïdjan">Azerbaïdjan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bielorussie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Biélorussie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Biélorussie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A9lorussie" title="Biélorussie">Biélorussie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Loukachenko" title="Alexandre Loukachenko">Alexandre Loukachenko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Burundi"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Burundi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Burundi"><img alt="Drapeau du Burundi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/20px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/30px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/40px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nkurunziza" title="Pierre Nkurunziza">Pierre Nkurunziza</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cameroun"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cameroon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cameroun"><img alt="Drapeau du Cameroun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cameroun" title="Cameroun">Cameroun</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Biya" title="Paul Biya">Paul Biya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchad"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Tchad"><img alt="Drapeau du Tchad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Idriss Déby</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Congo kinshasa"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la république démocratique du Congo"><img alt="Drapeau de la république démocratique du Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_d%C3%A9mocratique_du_Congo" title="République démocratique du Congo">République démocratique du Congo</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kabila" title="Joseph Kabila">Joseph Kabila</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cuba"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Cuba"><img alt="Drapeau de Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel" title="Miguel Díaz-Canel">Miguel Díaz-Canel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Égypte"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/40px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89gypte" title="Égypte">Égypte</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_al-Sissi" title="Abdel Fattah al-Sissi">Abdel Fattah al-Sissi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Erythree"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Eritrea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Érythrée"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Érythrée" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rythr%C3%A9e" title="Érythrée">Érythrée</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isaias_Afwerki" title="Isaias Afwerki">Isaias Afwerki</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Gabon"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Gabon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Gabon"><img alt="Drapeau du Gabon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Omar_Bongo" title="Omar Bongo">Omar Bongo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Irak"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barham_Salih" title="Barham Salih">Barham Salih</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Laos"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Laos.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Laos"><img alt="Drapeau du Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/20px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/30px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/40px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boungnang_Vorachit" title="Boungnang Vorachit">Boungnang Vorachit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Libye"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Libya.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Libye"><img alt="Drapeau de la Libye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/20px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/30px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/40px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libye" title="Libye">Libye</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nouri_Bousahmein" title="Nouri Bousahmein">Nouri Bousahmein</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Birmanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Birmanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Birmanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/20px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/30px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Birmanie" title="Birmanie">Birmanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Win_Myint" title="Win Myint">Win Myint</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mauritanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mauritania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Mauritanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Mauritanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mauritanie" title="Mauritanie">Mauritanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Abdel_Aziz" title="Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz">Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nicaragua"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nicaragua"><img alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Ortega" title="Daniel Ortega">Daniel Ortega</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Oman"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Oman.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Oman"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Oman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/20px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/30px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/40px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qabus_ibn_Sa%C3%AFd" title="Qabus ibn Saïd">Qaboos bin Said Al-Said</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Russie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Russie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Poutine" title="Vladimir Poutine">Vladimir Poutine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Arabie saoudite"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Arabie saoudite"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Arabie saoudite" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arabie_saoudite" title="Arabie saoudite">Arabie saoudite</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fahd_ben_Abdelaziz_Al_Saoud" title="Fahd ben Abdelaziz Al Saoud">Fahd ben Abdelaziz Al Saoud</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Somalie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Somalia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Somalie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Somalie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Somalie" title="Somalie">Somalie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Sheikh_Mohamoud" title="Hassan Sheikh Mohamoud">Hassan Sheikh Mohamoud</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Soudan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Soudan"><img alt="Drapeau du Soudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan">Soudan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_Abdelrahmane_al-Burhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdel Fattah Abdelrahmane al-Burhan">Abdel Fattah Abdelrahmane al-Burhan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Syrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Syrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Syrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">Syrie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bachar_el-Assad" title="Bachar el-Assad">Bachar el-Assad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Thaïlande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Thailand.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Thaïlande"><img alt="Drapeau de la Thaïlande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/20px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/30px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/40px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tha%C3%AFlande" title="Thaïlande">Thaïlande</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prayut_Chan-o-cha" title="Prayut Chan-o-cha">Prayut Chan-o-cha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Turquie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Turquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Turquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turquie" title="Turquie">Turquie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouganda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uganda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouganda" title="Ouganda">Ouganda</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoweri_Museveni" title="Yoweri Museveni">Yoweri Museveni</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouzbékistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouzbékistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouzbékistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouzb%C3%A9kistan" title="Ouzbékistan">Ouzbékistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shavkat_Mirziyoyev" title="Shavkat Mirziyoyev">Shavkat Mirziyoyev</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Viet nam"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République socialiste du Viêt Nam"><img alt="Drapeau de la République socialiste du Viêt Nam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%AAt_Nam" title="Viêt Nam">Viêt Nam</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Ph%C3%BA_Tr%E1%BB%8Dng" title="Nguyễn Phú Trọng">Nguyễn Phú Trọng</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yemen"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Yémen"><img alt="Drapeau du Yémen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Y%C3%A9men" title="Yémen">Yémen</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdallah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdallah Saleh">Ali Abdallah Saleh</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>En 2012, le magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i> dresse une liste de 148 dictateurs modernes, en précisant que <span class="citation">«&#160;la définition de ce qu'est un dictateur n'étant pas scientifique, toute liste est forcément subjective&#160;»</span> et que les années au pouvoir sont calculés à partir du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-03-07" data-sort-value="2012-03-07">7 mars 2012</time><sup id="cite_ref-Slate2012_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate2012-72"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>46<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width:auto; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.3em;"> <caption>La liste des dictateurs modernes selon Slate le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-03-07" data-sort-value="2012-03-07">7 mars 2012</time><sup id="cite_ref-Slate2012_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate2012-72"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>46<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Pays </th> <th>Nom </th> <th>Continent </th> <th>Moustache </th> <th>Années au pouvoir </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Algérie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Algérie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Algérie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Algérie">Algérie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdelaziz_Bouteflika" title="Abdelaziz Bouteflika">Abdelaziz Bouteflika</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Allemagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Allemagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Allemagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Allemagne" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guinee"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guinea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Guinée"><img alt="Drapeau de la Guinée" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guin%C3%A9e" title="Guinée">Guinée</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_S%C3%A9kou_Tour%C3%A9" title="Ahmed Sékou Touré">Ahmed Sékou Touré</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Perou"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Peru.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pérou"><img alt="Drapeau du Pérou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/20px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/30px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/40px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9rou" title="Pérou">Pérou</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fujimori" title="Alberto Fujimori">Alberto Fujimori</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bielorussie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Biélorussie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Biélorussie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A9lorussie" title="Biélorussie">Biélorussie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Loukachenko" title="Alexandre Loukachenko">Alexandre Loukachenko</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>18 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Paraguay"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Paraguay.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Paraguay"><img alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Stroessner" title="Alfredo Stroessner">Alfredo Stroessner</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Amérique du sud">Amérique du sud</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>35 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yemen"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Yémen"><img alt="Drapeau du Yémen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Y%C3%A9men" title="Yémen">Yémen</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdallah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdallah Saleh">Ali Abdallah Saleh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>34 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Iran"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Ali Khamenei</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nicaragua"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nicaragua"><img alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anastasio_Somoza_Debayle" title="Anastasio Somoza Debayle">Anastasio Somoza Debayle</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nicaragua"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nicaragua"><img alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Somoza_Debayle" title="Luis Somoza Debayle">Luis Somoza Debayle</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nicaragua"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nicaragua"><img alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anastasio_Somoza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Anastasio Somoza García">Anastasio Somoza García</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Égypte"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/40px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89gypte" title="Égypte">Égypte</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anouar_el-Sadate" title="Anouar el-Sadate">Anouar el-Sadate</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Lituanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Lituanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Lituanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lituanie" title="Lituanie">Lituanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antanas_Smetona" title="Antanas Smetona">Antanas Smetona</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Croatie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Croatie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Croatie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatie" title="Croatie">Croatie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ante_Pavelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ante Pavelic">Ante Pavelic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chili"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chile.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Chili"><img alt="Drapeau du Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Syrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Syrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Syrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">Syrie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bachar_Al-Assad" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachar Al-Assad">Bachar Al-Assad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Italie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Italie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italie" title="Italie">Italie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Burkina Faso"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Burkina Faso"><img alt="Drapeau du Burkina Faso" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/20px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/30px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/40px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Compaor%C3%A9" title="Blaise Compaoré">Blaise Compaoré</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>25 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guatemala"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"><img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Castillo_Armas" title="Carlos Castillo Armas">Carlos Castillo Armas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Liberia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Liberia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Libéria"><img alt="Drapeau du Libéria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ghankay_Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Ghankay Taylor">Charles Ghankay Taylor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Sud"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chun_Doo-hwan" title="Chun Doo-hwan">Chun Doo-hwan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Venezuela"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Venezuela.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Venezuela"><img alt="Drapeau du Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/20px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/30px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/40px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cipriano_Castro" title="Cipriano Castro">Cipriano Castro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kenya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Kenya.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Kenya"><img alt="Drapeau du Kenya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Arap_Moi" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Arap Moi">Daniel Arap Moi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Congo brazzaville"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la république du Congo"><img alt="Drapeau de la république du Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_du_Congo" title="République du Congo">République du Congo</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denis_Sassou_Nguesso" class="mw-redirect" title="Denis Sassou Nguesso">Denis Sassou Nguesso</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guatemala"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"><img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Efra%C3%ADn_R%C3%ADos_Montt" title="Efraín Ríos Montt">Efraín Ríos Montt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Autriche"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Autriche"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Autriche" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Autriche" title="Autriche">Autriche</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Engelbert_Dollfuss" title="Engelbert Dollfuss">Engelbert Dollfuss</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Albanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Albania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Albanie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Albanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Albanie" title="Albanie">Albanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Côte divoire"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Côte d&#39;Ivoire"><img alt="Drapeau de la Côte d&#39;Ivoire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/20px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/30px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/40px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire" title="Côte d&#39;Ivoire">Côte d&#39;Ivoire</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny" title="Félix Houphouët-Boigny">Félix Houphouët-Boigny</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>33 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Philippines"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Philippines"><img alt="Drapeau des Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guatemala"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"><img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Romeo_Lucas_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Fernando Romeo Lucas García">Fernando Romeo Lucas García</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cuba"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Cuba"><img alt="Drapeau de Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cara%C3%AFbes" title="Caraïbes">Caraïbes</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>49 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Seychelles"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Seychelles.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Seychelles"><img alt="Drapeau des Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/20px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/30px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/40px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/France-Albert_Ren%C3%A9" title="France-Albert René">France-Albert René</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Espagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Espagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Espagne" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>36 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guinee equatoriale"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale"><img alt="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guin%C3%A9e_%C3%A9quatoriale" title="Guinée équatoriale">Guinée équatoriale</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Mac%C3%ADas_Nguema" title="Francisco Macías Nguema">Francisco Macías Nguema</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Centrafricaine république"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République centrafricaine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République centrafricaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine" title="République centrafricaine">République centrafricaine</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boziz%C3%A9" title="François Bozizé">François Bozizé</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Haïti"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Haiti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/20px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/30px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%AFti" title="Haïti">Haïti</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Duvalier_(Papa_Doc)" class="mw-redirect" title="François Duvalier (Papa Doc)">François Duvalier (Papa Doc)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cara%C3%AFbes" title="Caraïbes">Caraïbes</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchad"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Tchad"><img alt="Drapeau du Tchad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Tombalbaye" title="François Tombalbaye">François Tombalbaye</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cuba"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Cuba"><img alt="Drapeau de Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fulgencio_Batista" title="Fulgencio Batista">Fulgencio Batista</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cara%C3%AFbes" title="Caraïbes">Caraïbes</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Soudan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Soudan"><img alt="Drapeau du Soudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan">Soudan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaafar_Nimeiry" title="Gaafar Nimeiry">Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Grece"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Grèce"><img alt="Drapeau de la Grèce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ce" title="Grèce">Grèce</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Papadopoulos" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgios Papadopoulos">Georgios Papadopoulos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Togo"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Togo_(3-2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Togo"><img alt="Drapeau du Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gnassingb%C3%A9_Eyad%C3%A9ma" title="Gnassingbé Eyadéma">Gnassingbé Eyadéma</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>38 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Turkménistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Turkménistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Turkménistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkm%C3%A9nistan" title="Turkménistan">Turkménistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gurbanguly_Berdimuhamedow" title="Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow">Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Colombie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Colombia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Colombie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Colombie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Colombie" title="Colombie">Colombie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Rojas_Pinilla" title="Gustavo Rojas Pinilla">Gustavo Rojas Pinilla</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Syrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Syrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Syrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">Syrie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hafez_el-Assad" title="Hafez el-Assad">Hafez el-Assad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Malawi"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Malawi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Malawi"><img alt="Drapeau du Malawi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/20px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/30px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/40px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Kamuzu_Banda" title="Hastings Kamuzu Banda">Hastings Kamuzu Banda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>31 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Paraguay"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Paraguay.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Paraguay"><img alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Higinio_Mor%C3%ADnigo" title="Higinio Morínigo">Higinio Morinigo Martinez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchad"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Tchad"><img alt="Drapeau du Tchad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hiss%C3%A8ne_Habr%C3%A9" title="Hissène Habré">Hissène Habré</a> </td> <td>Afrique </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Viet nam"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République socialiste du Viêt Nam"><img alt="Drapeau de la République socialiste du Viêt Nam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%AAt_Nam" title="Viêt Nam">Viêt Nam</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mongolie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mongolia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Mongolie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Mongolie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongolie" title="Mongolie">Mongolie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Horloogiyn_Choybalsan" title="Horloogiyn Choybalsan">Horloogiyn Choybalsan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Égypte"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Égypte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/40px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89gypte" title="Égypte">Égypte</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hosni_Moubarak" title="Hosni Moubarak">Hosni Moubarak</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Algérie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Algérie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Algérie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Algérie">Algérie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Houari_Boumediene" class="mw-redirect" title="Houari Boumediene">Houari Boumediene</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bolivie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_Bolivia_(Estado).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bolivie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bolivie" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Banzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugo Banzer">Hugo Banzer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bangladesh"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Bangladesh"><img alt="Drapeau du Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hossain_Mohammad_Ershad" title="Hossain Mohammad Ershad">Hussain Muhammad Ershad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zimbabwe"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Zimbabwe"><img alt="Drapeau du Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ian_Smith" title="Ian Smith">Ian Smith</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouganda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uganda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouganda" title="Ouganda">Ouganda</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idi_Amin_Dada" title="Idi Amin Dada">Idi Amin Dada</a> </td> <td>Afrique </td> <td>non </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchad"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Tchad"><img alt="Drapeau du Tchad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Idriss Déby</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Azerbaidjan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Azerbaïdjan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Azerbaïdjan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerba%C3%AFdjan" title="Azerbaïdjan">Azerbaïdjan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliev" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilham Aliev">Ilham Aliev</a> </td> <td>Asie </td> <td>oui </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Grece"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Grèce"><img alt="Drapeau de la Grèce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ce" title="Grèce">Grèce</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Metaxas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioannis Metaxas">Ioannis Metaxas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Roumanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Roumanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Roumanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Roumanie" title="Roumanie">Roumanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ion_Antonescu" title="Ion Antonescu">Ion Antonescu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouzbékistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouzbékistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouzbékistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouzb%C3%A9kistan" title="Ouzbékistan">Ouzbékistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam_Karimov" title="Islam Karimov">Islam Karimov</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Djibouti"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Djibouti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Djibouti"><img alt="Drapeau de Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/20px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/30px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isma%C3%AFl_Omar_Guelleh" title="Ismaïl Omar Guelleh">Ismaïl Omar Guelleh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Erythree"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Eritrea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Érythrée"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Érythrée" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rythr%C3%A9e" title="Érythrée">Érythrée</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Issayas_Afewerki" class="mw-redirect" title="Issayas Afewerki">Issayas Afewerki</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Burundi"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Burundi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Burundi"><img alt="Drapeau du Burundi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/20px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/30px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/40px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bagaza" title="Jean-Baptiste Bagaza">Jean-Baptiste Bagaza</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Centrafricaine république"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République centrafricaine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République centrafricaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine" title="République centrafricaine">République centrafricaine</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Jean-Bédel Bokassa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Haïti"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Haiti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/20px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/30px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%AFti" title="Haïti">Haïti</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Duvalier" title="Jean-Claude Duvalier">Jean-Claude Duvalier</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cara%C3%AFbes" title="Caraïbes">Caraïbes</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Argentine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Argentina.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Argentine"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Argentine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentine" title="Argentine">Argentine</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Rafael_Videla" title="Jorge Rafael Videla">Jorge Rafael Videla</a> </td> <td>Amérique du Sud </td> <td>oui </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guatemala"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"><img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Ubico" class="mw-redirect" title="Jorge Ubico">Jorge Ubico</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nicaragua"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nicaragua"><img alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Santos_Zelaya" title="José Santos Zelaya">José Santos Zelaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Union soviétique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;URSS"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;URSS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques">Union soviétique</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Staline" title="Joseph Staline">Joseph Staline</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yougoslavie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Yugoslavia_(1946-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie"><img alt="Drapeau de la République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rative_socialiste_de_Yougoslavie" title="République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie">Yougoslavie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>56 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchécoslovaquie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tchécoslovaquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tchécoslovaquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie" title="Tchécoslovaquie">Tchécoslovaquie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jozef_Tiso" title="Jozef Tiso">Jozef Tiso</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Uruguay"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uruguay.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Uruguay"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Juan_Maria_Bordaberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Maria Bordaberry">Juan Maria Bordaberry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Venezuela"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Venezuela.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Venezuela"><img alt="Drapeau du Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/20px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/30px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/40px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Juan_Vicente_Gomez" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Vicente Gomez">Juan Vicente Gomez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Lettonie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Lettonie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Lettonie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lettonie" title="Lettonie">Lettonie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karlis_Ulmanis" class="mw-redirect" title="Karlis Ulmanis">Karlis Ulmanis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zambie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zambia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Zambie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Zambie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zambie" title="Zambie">Zambie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Nord"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Nord" title="Corée du Nord">Corée du Nord</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il-sung" title="Kim Il-sung">Kim Il-sung</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>46 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Nord"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Nord" title="Corée du Nord">Corée du Nord</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-il" title="Kim Jong-il">Kim Jong-il</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Nord"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Nord" title="Corée du Nord">Corée du Nord</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-un" title="Kim Jong-un">Kim Jong-un</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bulgarie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bulgarie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Bulgarie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie">Bulgarie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kimon_Georgiev" title="Kimon Georgiev">Kimon Georgiev</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guatemala"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"><img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kjell_Eugenio_Laugerud_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García">Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Autriche"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Autriche"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Autriche" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Autriche" title="Autriche">Autriche</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schuschnigg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurt von Schuschnigg">Kurt von Schuschnigg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ghana"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ghana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Ghana"><img alt="Drapeau du Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Congo kinshasa"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la république démocratique du Congo"><img alt="Drapeau de la république démocratique du Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_d%C3%A9mocratique_du_Congo" title="République démocratique du Congo">République démocratique du Congo</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laurent-D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9_Kabila" title="Laurent-Désiré Kabila">Laurent-Désiré Kabila</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_North_Vietnam_(1955%E2%80%931976).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Viêt Nam du Nord"><img alt="Drapeau du Viêt Nam du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_North_Vietnam_%281955%E2%80%931976%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_North_Vietnam_%281955%E2%80%931976%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_North_Vietnam_%281955%E2%80%931976%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Vietnam_%281955%E2%80%931976%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_North_Vietnam_%281955%E2%80%931976%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Vietnam_%281955%E2%80%931976%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Le_Duan" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Duan">Le Duan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guyana"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guyana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guyana"><img alt="Drapeau du Guyana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Burnham" title="Forbes Burnham">Linden Forbes Sampson Burnham</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Amérique du sud">Amérique du sud</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bolivie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_Bolivia_(Estado).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bolivie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bolivie" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Garcia_Meza" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Garcia Meza">Luis Garcia Meza</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mauritanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mauritania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Mauritanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Mauritanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mauritanie" title="Mauritanie">Mauritanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maaouiya_Ould_Sid%27Ahmed_Taya" title="Maaouiya Ould Sid&#39;Ahmed Taya">Maaouiya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guatemala"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"><img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Estrada_Cabrera" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Estrada Cabrera">Manuel Estrada Cabrera</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Panama"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Panama.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Panama"><img alt="Drapeau du Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/20px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/30px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/40px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bénin"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Benin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Bénin"><img alt="Drapeau du Bénin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/20px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/30px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/40px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9nin" title="Bénin">Bénin</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_K%C3%A9r%C3%A9kou" title="Mathieu Kérékou">Mathieu Kérékou</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Hongrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Hongrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Hongrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hongrie" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matyas_Rakosi" class="mw-redirect" title="Matyas Rakosi">Matyas Rakosi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Maldives"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Maldives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Maldives"><img alt="Drapeau des Maldives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/20px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/30px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/40px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maumoon_Abdul_Gayoom" title="Maumoon Abdul Gayoom">Maumoon Abdul Gayoom</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Salvador"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Salvador"><img alt="Drapeau du Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/20px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/30px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/40px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Salvador" title="Salvador">Salvador</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximiliano_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Maximiliano Hernández Martínez">Maximiliano Hernández Martínez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Éthiopie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Éthiopie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Éthiopie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89thiopie" title="Éthiopie">Éthiopie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meles_Zenawi" title="Meles Zenawi">Meles Zenawi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Éthiopie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Éthiopie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Éthiopie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89thiopie" title="Éthiopie">Éthiopie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam" title="Mengistu Haile Mariam">Mengistu Haile Mariam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Espagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Espagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Espagne" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Miguel Primo de Rivera">Miguel Primo de Rivera</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouganda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uganda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouganda" title="Ouganda">Ouganda</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Milton_Obote" title="Milton Obote">Milton Obote</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zaïre"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zaire_(1971%E2%80%931997).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Zaïre"><img alt="Drapeau du Zaïre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Za%C3%AFre" title="Zaïre">Zaïre</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mobutu_Sese_Seko" title="Mobutu Sese Seko">Mobutu Sese Seko</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>32 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mali"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mali.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mali"><img alt="Drapeau du Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Modibo_Ke%C3%AFta_(1915-1977)" title="Modibo Keïta (1915-1977)">Modibo Keïta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Afghanistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Daoud_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Daoud Khan">Mohammed Daoud Khan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Afghanistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Omar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Omar">Mohammed Omar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Katanga.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;État du Katanga"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;État du Katanga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Katanga.svg/20px-Flag_of_Katanga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Katanga.svg/30px-Flag_of_Katanga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Katanga.svg/40px-Flag_of_Katanga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moise_Tshombe" class="mw-redirect" title="Moise Tshombe">Moise Tshombe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Libye"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Libya.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Libye"><img alt="Drapeau de la Libye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/20px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/30px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/40px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libye" title="Libye">Libye</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mouammar_Kadhafi" title="Mouammar Kadhafi">Mouammar Kadhafi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>42 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mali"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mali.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mali"><img alt="Drapeau du Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moussa_Traor%C3%A9" title="Moussa Traoré">Moussa Traoré</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>23 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Swaziland"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Eswatini.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Swaziland"><img alt="Drapeau du Swaziland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/20px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/30px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/40px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Swaziland</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mswati_III" title="Mswati III">Mswati III</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Pakistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pakistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ayub_Khan" title="Muhammad Ayub Khan">Muhammad Ayub Khan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Pakistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pakistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Zia-ul-Haq" title="Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq">Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Birmanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Birmanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Birmanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/20px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/30px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Birmanie" title="Birmanie">Birmanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ne_Win" title="Ne Win">Ne Win</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Viet Nam sud republique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République du Sud-Viêt Nam"><img alt="Drapeau de la République du Sud-Viêt Nam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_du_Vi%C3%AAt_Nam" title="République du Viêt Nam">République du Viêt Nam</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%ACnh_Di%E1%BB%87m" title="Ngô Đình Diệm">Ngô Đình Diệm</a> </td> <td>Asie </td> <td>non </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Roumanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Roumanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Roumanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Roumanie" title="Roumanie">Roumanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceausescu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolae Ceausescu">Nicolae Ceausescu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nigeria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nigeria"><img alt="Drapeau du Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olusegun_Obasanjo" title="Olusegun Obasanjo">Olusegun Obasanjo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Gabon"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Gabon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Gabon"><img alt="Drapeau du Gabon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Omar_Bongo" title="Omar Bongo">Omar Bongo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>42 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Soudan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Soudan"><img alt="Drapeau du Soudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan">Soudan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Omar_el-Bechir" title="Omar el-Bechir">Omar el-Bechir</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>23 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Panama"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Panama.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Panama"><img alt="Drapeau du Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/20px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/30px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/40px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Omar_Torrijos" title="Omar Torrijos">Omar Torrijos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Honduras"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Honduras.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Honduras"><img alt="Drapeau du Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/20px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/30px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/40px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oswaldo_L%C3%B3pez_Arellano" title="Oswaldo López Arellano">Oswaldo López Arellano</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Sud"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Park_Chung-hee" title="Park Chung-hee">Park Chung-hee</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cameroun"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cameroon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cameroun"><img alt="Drapeau du Cameroun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cameroun" title="Cameroun">Cameroun</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Biya" title="Paul Biya">Paul Biya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Rwanda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Rwanda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Rwanda"><img alt="Drapeau du Rwanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Kagame" title="Paul Kagame">Paul Kagame</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Pakistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pakistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Burundi"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Burundi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Burundi"><img alt="Drapeau du Burundi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/20px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/30px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/40px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nkurunziza" title="Pierre Nkurunziza">Pierre Nkurunziza</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cambodge"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cambodia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cambodge"><img alt="Drapeau du Cambodge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cambodge" title="Cambodge">Cambodge</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a> </td> <td>Asie </td> <td>non </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Dominicaine république"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République dominicaine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République dominicaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_dominicaine" title="République dominicaine">République dominicaine</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Trujillo" title="Rafael Trujillo">Rafael Trujillo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cara%C3%AFbes" title="Caraïbes">Caraïbes</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bolivie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_Bolivia_(Estado).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bolivie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bolivie" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Barrientos" class="mw-redirect" title="René Barrientos">René Barrientos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Sud" title="Amérique du Sud">Amérique du Sud</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zimbabwe"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Zimbabwe"><img alt="Drapeau du Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe">Robert Mugabe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>32 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Iran"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rouhollah_Mousavi_Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Rouhollah Mousavi Khomeini">Rouhollah Mousavi Khomeini</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>barbe </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Irak"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Portugal"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Portugal"><img alt="Drapeau du Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio de Oliveira Salazar">Antonio de Oliveira Salazar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>36 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Nigeria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nigeria"><img alt="Drapeau du Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sani_Abacha" title="Sani Abacha">Sani Abacha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Turkménistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Turkménistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Turkménistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkm%C3%A9nistan" title="Turkménistan">Turkménistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saparmourat_Niazov" class="mw-redirect" title="Saparmourat Niazov">Saparmourat Niazov</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Somalie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Somalia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Somalie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Somalie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Somalie" title="Somalie">Somalie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Siad_Barre" class="mw-redirect" title="Siad Barre">Siad Barre</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yougoslavie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Yugoslavia_(1946-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie"><img alt="Drapeau de la République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rative_socialiste_de_Yougoslavie" title="République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie">Yougoslavie</a></span> (<span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Serbie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Serbia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Serbie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Serbie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Serbie" title="Serbie">Serbie</a></span>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milosevic" class="mw-redirect" title="Slobodan Milosevic">Slobodan Milosevic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Indonesie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Indonésie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Indonésie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A9sie" title="Indonésie">Indonésie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suharto" class="mw-redirect" title="Suharto">Suharto</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Indonesie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Indonésie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Indonésie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A9sie" title="Indonésie">Indonésie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukarno" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Sud"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syngman_Rhee" title="Syngman Rhee">Syngman Rhee</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a></span> et <span data-sort-value="Taiwan"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Taïwan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Taïwan"><img alt="Drapeau de Taïwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ta%C3%AFwan" title="Taïwan">Taïwan</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tchang_Ka%C3%AF-chek" title="Tchang Kaï-chek">Tchang Kaï-chek</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>48 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Guinee equatoriale"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale"><img alt="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guin%C3%A9e_%C3%A9quatoriale" title="Guinée équatoriale">Guinée équatoriale</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo" title="Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo">Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>33 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Birmanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Birmanie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Birmanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/20px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/30px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Birmanie" title="Birmanie">Birmanie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Than_Shwe" title="Than Shwe">Than Shwe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Thaïlande"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Thailand.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Thaïlande"><img alt="Drapeau de la Thaïlande" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/20px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/30px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/40px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tha%C3%AFlande" title="Thaïlande">Thaïlande</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thanom_Kittikachorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanom Kittikachorn">Thanom Kittikachorn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Honduras"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Honduras.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Honduras"><img alt="Drapeau du Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/20px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/30px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/40px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiburcio_Car%C3%ADas_Andino" title="Tiburcio Carías Andino">Tiburcio Carías Andino</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_centrale" title="Amérique centrale">Amérique centrale</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Mexique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mexique"><img alt="Drapeau du Mexique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexique" title="Mexique">Mexique</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoriano_Huerta" title="Victoriano Huerta">Victoriano Huerta</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_du_Nord" title="Amérique du Nord">Amérique du Nord</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>1,5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Norvege"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Norvège"><img alt="Drapeau de la Norvège" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/20px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/30px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A8ge" title="Norvège">Norvège</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vidkun_Quisling" title="Vidkun Quisling">Vidkun Quisling</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Gambie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Gambie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Gambie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/20px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/30px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/40px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gambie" title="Gambie">Gambie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>18 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Pakistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pakistan"><img alt="Drapeau du Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ouganda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uganda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Ouganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ouganda" title="Ouganda">Ouganda</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoweri_Museveni" title="Yoweri Museveni">Yoweri Museveni</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yuan_Shikai" title="Yuan Shikai">Yuan Shikai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asie" title="Asie">Asie</a> </td> <td>oui </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tunisie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Tunisia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tunisie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tunisie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tunisie" title="Tunisie">Tunisie</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zine_el-Abidine_Ben_Ali" title="Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali">Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> </td> <td>non </td> <td>24 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie">Galerie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Modifier la section : Galerie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Galerie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1793px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">22 portraits de dictateurs selon <i>Le Siècle des dictateurs</i> d'<a href="/wiki/Olivier_Guez" title="Olivier Guez">Olivier Guez</a></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Lenin_in_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vladimir Ilitch Lénine, Union soviétique"><img alt="Vladimir Ilitch Lénine, Union soviétique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lenin_in_1920.jpg/88px-Lenin_in_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lenin_in_1920.jpg/132px-Lenin_in_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lenin_in_1920.jpg/176px-Lenin_in_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2642" data-file-height="3600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ilitch_L%C3%A9nine" title="Vladimir Ilitch Lénine">Vladimir Ilitch Lénine</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Union soviétique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;URSS"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;URSS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques">Union soviétique</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Benito Mussolini, Royaume d&#39;Italie"><img alt="Benito Mussolini, Royaume d&#39;Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg/81px-Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg/121px-Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg/162px-Benito_Mussolini_colored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Italie royaume"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy_(1861-1946)_crowned.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Royaume d&#39;Italie"><img alt="Drapeau du Royaume d&#39;Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Royaume_d%27Italie_(1861-1946)" title="Royaume d&#39;Italie (1861-1946)">Royaume d'Italie</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joseph Staline, Union soviétique"><img alt="Joseph Staline, Union soviétique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg/87px-JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg/130px-JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg/173px-JStalin_Secretary_general_CCCP_1942_flipped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4151" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Staline" title="Joseph Staline">Joseph Staline</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Union soviétique"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;URSS"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;URSS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques">Union soviétique</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Adolf Hitler, &#160;Reich allemand"><img alt="Adolf Hitler, &#160;Reich allemand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg/83px-Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg/124px-Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg/166px-Adolf_Hitler_Berghof-1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="328" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, <span data-sort-value="Allemagne nazie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Germany_(1933%E2%80%931935).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Reich allemand"><img alt="Drapeau du Reich allemand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_NSDAP_(1920%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Reich allemand"><img alt="Drapeau du Reich allemand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_the_NSDAP_%281920%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_NSDAP_%281920%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_the_NSDAP_%281920%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_NSDAP_%281920%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_the_NSDAP_%281920%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_NSDAP_%281920%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Troisi%C3%A8me_Reich" title="Troisième Reich">Reich allemand</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francisco Franco, Espagne"><img alt="Francisco Franco, Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg/93px-Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg/139px-Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg/186px-Francisco_Franco_1968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1096" data-file-height="1414" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Espagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Spain_(1945%E2%80%931977).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Espagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain_%281945%E2%80%931977%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Espagne" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Philippe Pétain, France"><img alt="Philippe Pétain, France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg/88px-P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg/131px-P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg/175px-P%C3%A9tain_-_portrait_photographique.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3791" data-file-height="5185" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la France"><img alt="Drapeau de la France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Hideki_Tojo_2_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hideki Tôjô, Empire du Japon"><img alt="Hideki Tôjô, Empire du Japon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Hideki_Tojo_2_%28cropped%29.jpg/93px-Hideki_Tojo_2_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Hideki_Tojo_2_%28cropped%29.jpg/140px-Hideki_Tojo_2_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Hideki_Tojo_2_%28cropped%29.jpg/186px-Hideki_Tojo_2_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="486" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hideki_T%C3%B4j%C3%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Hideki Tôjô">Hideki Tôjô</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Japon empire"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Japan_(1870%E2%80%931999).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Empire du Japon"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Empire du Japon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Empire_du_Japon" title="Empire du Japon">Empire du Japon</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Tito,_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB,_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Josip Broz Tito, République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie"><img alt="Josip Broz Tito, République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tito%2C_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_%28cropped%29.jpg/83px-Tito%2C_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tito%2C_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_%28cropped%29.jpg/125px-Tito%2C_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tito%2C_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_%28cropped%29.jpg/166px-Tito%2C_president_van_Joegoslavi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_915-3341_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="920" data-file-height="1327" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yougoslavie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Yugoslavia_(1946-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie"><img alt="Drapeau de la République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rative_socialiste_de_Yougoslavie" title="République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie">République fédérative socialiste de Yougoslavie</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kim Il-sung, Corée du Nord"><img alt="Kim Il-sung, Corée du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png/93px-Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png/139px-Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png/186px-Kim_Il_Sung_Portrait.png 2x" data-file-width="1841" data-file-height="2377" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il-sung" title="Kim Il-sung">Kim Il-sung</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Corée du Nord"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Nord" title="Corée du Nord">Corée du Nord</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mao Zedong, Chine"><img alt="Mao Zedong, Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg/101px-1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg/151px-1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg/202px-1966-09_1966%E5%B9%B4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A711%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%A8%E4%BC%9A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="608" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Enver_Hoxha_(i_ri).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Enver Hoxha, Albanie"><img alt="Enver Hoxha, Albanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Enver_Hoxha_%28i_ri%29.jpg/89px-Enver_Hoxha_%28i_ri%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Enver_Hoxha_%28i_ri%29.jpg/133px-Enver_Hoxha_%28i_ri%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Enver_Hoxha_%28i_ri%29.jpg/177px-Enver_Hoxha_%28i_ri%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1916" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Albanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Albania_(1946%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Albanie"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Albanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Albanie" title="Albanie">Albanie</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alfredo Stroessner, Paraguay"><img alt="Alfredo Stroessner, Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg/86px-Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg/129px-Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg/173px-Alfredo_Stroessner_at_desk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Stroessner" title="Alfredo Stroessner">Alfredo Stroessner</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Paraguay"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Paraguay.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Paraguay"><img alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="François Duvalier, Haïti"><img alt="François Duvalier, Haïti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg/95px-PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg/142px-PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg/189px-PikiWiki_Israel_136_papa_doc_haiti_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7-cropd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="276" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Duvalier" title="François Duvalier">François Duvalier</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Haïti"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Haiti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti"><img alt="Drapeau d&#39;Haïti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/20px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/30px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%AFti" title="Haïti">Haïti</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fide_Castro_1972_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fidel Castro, Cuba"><img alt="Fidel Castro, Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Fide_Castro_1972_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Fide_Castro_1972_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Fide_Castro_1972_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="173" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cuba"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Cuba"><img alt="Drapeau de Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mobutu Sese Seko, Zaïre"><img alt="Mobutu Sese Seko, Zaïre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg/108px-Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg/161px-Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg/215px-Mobutu_Sese_Seko_1973.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="887" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mobutu_Sese_Seko" title="Mobutu Sese Seko">Mobutu Sese Seko</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Zaïre"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zaire_(1971%E2%80%931997).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Zaïre"><img alt="Drapeau du Zaïre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zaire_%281971%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Za%C3%AFre" title="Zaïre">Zaïre</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mouammar Kadhafi, Libye"><img alt="Mouammar Kadhafi, Libye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg/80px-Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg/120px-Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg/160px-Muammar_al-Gaddafi_at_the_AU_summit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4256" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mouammar_Kadhafi" title="Mouammar Kadhafi">Mouammar Kadhafi</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Libye"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Libya_(1977%E2%80%932011).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Libye"><img alt="Drapeau de la Libye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libye" title="Libye">Libye</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182,_Erich_Honecker.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Erich Honecker, Allemagne de l&#39;Est"><img alt="Erich Honecker, Allemagne de l&#39;Est" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182%2C_Erich_Honecker.jpg/88px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182%2C_Erich_Honecker.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182%2C_Erich_Honecker.jpg/133px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182%2C_Erich_Honecker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182%2C_Erich_Honecker.jpg/177px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R0518-182%2C_Erich_Honecker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Allemagne Est"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_East_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Allemagne de l&#39;Est"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Allemagne de l&#39;Est" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_d%C3%A9mocratique_allemande" title="République démocratique allemande">Allemagne de l'Est</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Augusto Pinochet, Chili"><img alt="Augusto Pinochet, Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg/86px-Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg/129px-Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg/172px-Augusto_Pinochet_foto_oficial_coloreada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="509" data-file-height="708" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chili"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chile.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Chili"><img alt="Drapeau du Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Pol_Pot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pol Pot, Cambodge"><img alt="Pol Pot, Cambodge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pol_Pot.jpg/95px-Pol_Pot.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pol_Pot.jpg/143px-Pol_Pot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pol_Pot.jpg/190px-Pol_Pot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3247" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Cambodge"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cambodge"><img alt="Drapeau du Cambodge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Democratic_Kampuchea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cambodge" title="Cambodge">Cambodge</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ruhollah Khomeini, Iran"><img alt="Ruhollah Khomeini, Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg/80px-Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg/120px-Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg/160px-Ruhollah_Khomeini_by_Jamaran_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1667" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Iran"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Iraq,_Saddam_Hussein_(222).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saddam Hussein, Irak"><img alt="Saddam Hussein, Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Iraq%2C_Saddam_Hussein_%28222%29.jpg/93px-Iraq%2C_Saddam_Hussein_%28222%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Iraq%2C_Saddam_Hussein_%28222%29.jpg/139px-Iraq%2C_Saddam_Hussein_%28222%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Iraq%2C_Saddam_Hussein_%28222%29.jpg/185px-Iraq%2C_Saddam_Hussein_%28222%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="348" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Irak"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak"><img alt="Drapeau de l&#39;Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/20px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hafez al-Assad, Syrie"><img alt="Hafez al-Assad, Syrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg/99px-Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg/148px-Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg/197px-Hafez_al_Assad_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hafez_al-Assad" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafez al-Assad">Hafez al-Assad</a>, <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Syrie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Syrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Syrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">Syrie</a></span> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Représentations_culturelles"><span id="Repr.C3.A9sentations_culturelles"></span>Représentations culturelles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Modifier la section : Représentations culturelles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Représentations culturelles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinéma"><span id="Cin.C3.A9ma"></span>Cinéma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Modifier la section : Cinéma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Cinéma"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Articles connexes&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler_au_cin%C3%A9ma" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolf Hitler au cinéma">Adolf Hitler au cinéma</a> et <a href="/wiki/Liste_de_films_traitant_des_dictatures_militaires_dans_les_pays_latino-am%C3%A9ricains" title="Liste de films traitant des dictatures militaires dans les pays latino-américains">Liste de films traitant des dictatures militaires dans les pays latino-américains</a>.</div></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liste_de_films_sur_la_loi_martiale_sous_la_pr%C3%A9sidence_de_Ferdinand_Marcos&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liste de films sur la loi martiale sous la présidence de Ferdinand Marcos (page inexistante)">Liste de films sur la loi martiale sous la présidence de Ferdinand Marcos</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_about_martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" class="extiw" title="en:List of films about martial law under Ferdinand Marcos"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;List of films about martial law under Ferdinand Marcos&#160;»">(en)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Films_sur_des_dictateurs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Films sur des dictateurs (page inexistante)">Films sur des dictateurs</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Films_about_dictators" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Films about dictators"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Category:Films about dictators&#160;»">(en)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="1940 au cinéma">1940</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Dictateur" title="Le Dictateur">Le Dictateur</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> caricature<sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ce genre de personnage - en particulier Hitler («&#160;<a href="/wiki/Adeno%C3%AFd_Hynkel" title="Adenoïd Hynkel">Hynkel</a>&#160;») et Mussolini («&#160;Napoleoni&#160;»).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="1954 au cinéma">1954</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/La_Ferme_des_animaux_(film)" title="La Ferme des animaux (film)">La Ferme des animaux</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/John_Halas" title="John Halas">John Halas</a> et <a href="/wiki/Joy_Batchelor" title="Joy Batchelor">Joy Batchelor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="1974 au cinéma">1974</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Idi_Amin_Dada_:_Autoportrait" title="Général Idi Amin Dada : Autoportrait">Général Idi Amin Dada&#160;: Autoportrait</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Barbet_Schroeder" title="Barbet Schroeder">Barbet Schroeder</a><sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> illustre la mégalomanie du dictateur ougandais.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2004 au cinéma">2004</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/La_Chute_(film,_2004)" title="La Chute (film, 2004)">La Chute</a></i> d'<a href="/wiki/Oliver_Hirschbiegel" title="Oliver Hirschbiegel">Oliver Hirschbiegel</a><sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2006 au cinéma">2006</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Dernier_Roi_d%27%C3%89cosse" title="Le Dernier Roi d&#39;Écosse">Le Dernier Roi d'Écosse</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Macdonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin Macdonald">Kevin Macdonald</a><sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> montre là aussi la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9galomanie" title="Mégalomanie">mégalomanie</a> du dictateur <a href="/wiki/Ouganda" title="Ouganda">ougandais</a> <a href="/wiki/Idi_Amin_Dada" title="Idi Amin Dada">Idi Amin Dada</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2006 au cinéma">2006</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/V_pour_Vendetta_(film)" title="V pour Vendetta (film)">V pour Vendetta</a></i> mentionne un dictateur fictif dans l'avenir, portant le titre de «&#160;grand chancelier d'Angleterre&#160;».</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2008 au cinéma">2008</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/La_Vague_(film)" title="La Vague (film)">La Vague</a></i> montre avec quelle facilité un <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_autoritaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Régime autoritaire">régime autoritaire</a> et le <a href="/wiki/Culte_de_la_personnalit%C3%A9" title="Culte de la personnalité">culte de la personnalité</a> peuvent se développer. Inspiré par le livre <i><a href="/wiki/La_Vague_(roman)" title="La Vague (roman)">La Vague</a></i> (1981) de Todd Strasser.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2009 au cinéma">2009</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Vincere" title="Vincere">Vincere</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Marco_Bellocchio" title="Marco Bellocchio">Marco Bellocchio</a><sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2010 au cinéma">2010</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Une_ex%C3%A9cution_ordinaire_(film)" title="Une exécution ordinaire (film)">Une exécution ordinaire</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Marc_Dugain" title="Marc Dugain">Marc Dugain</a><sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2012 au cinéma">2012</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dictator_(film,_2012)" title="The Dictator (film, 2012)">The Dictator</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Larry_Charles" title="Larry Charles">Larry Charles</a>&#160;: met en scène une dictature fictive, dans laquelle le général amiral Aladeen exerce tous les pouvoirs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2014 au cinéma">2014</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Crocodile_du_Botswanga" title="Le Crocodile du Botswanga">Le Crocodile du Botswanga</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Steketee" title="Lionel Steketee">Lionel Steketee</a> et <a href="/wiki/Fabrice_%C3%89bou%C3%A9" title="Fabrice Éboué">Fabrice Éboué</a>&#160;: met en scène une dictature ubuesque où le tyran connaît mieux les prénoms de ses crocodiles domestiques mangeurs d'opposants politiques que ceux de ses propres enfants.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Il_est_de_retour_(film)" title="Il est de retour (film)">Il est de retour</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/David_Wnendt" title="David Wnendt">David Wnendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2015 au cinéma">2015</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Interview_qui_tue_!" title="L&#39;Interview qui tue !">L'Interview qui tue&#160;!</a></i> d'<a href="/wiki/Evan_Goldberg" title="Evan Goldberg">Evan Goldberg</a> et <a href="/wiki/Seth_Rogen" title="Seth Rogen">Seth Rogen</a> / caricature</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_au_cin%C3%A9ma" title="2017 au cinéma">2017</a>&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Kim_Kong" title="Kim Kong">Kim Kong</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Simon_Jablonka" title="Simon Jablonka">Simon Jablonka</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexis_Le_Sec&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexis Le Sec (page inexistante)">Alexis Le Sec</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Crocodile_(projet_de_film_inabouti)" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Crocodile (projet de film inabouti)">Le Crocodile</a></i>, projet de film inabouti de <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Oury" title="Gérard Oury">Gérard Oury</a> sur la dictature.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Littérature"><span id="Litt.C3.A9rature"></span>Littérature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Modifier la section : Littérature" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Littérature"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_du_dictateur" title="Roman du dictateur">Roman du dictateur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_d%27%C5%93uvres_litt%C3%A9raires_traitant_des_dictatures_militaires_dans_les_pays_latino-am%C3%A9ricains_au_XXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="Liste d&#39;œuvres littéraires traitant des dictatures militaires dans les pays latino-américains au XXe siècle">Liste d'œuvres littéraires traitant des dictatures militaires dans les pays latino-américains au <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</a></li> <li>La trilogie littéraire <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hunger_Games_(trilogie)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hunger Games (trilogie)">The Hunger Games</a></i> et ses adaptations cinématographiques&#160;: le <a href="/wiki/Personnages_de_The_Hunger_Games#Snow,_Coriolanus_(Président_Snow)" title="Personnages de The Hunger Games">président Snow</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Brother" title="Big Brother">Big Brother</a> dans <i><a href="/wiki/1984_(roman)" title="1984 (roman)">1984</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_ferme_des_animaux" class="mw-redirect" title="La ferme des animaux">La ferme des animaux</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Apologue" title="Apologue">apologue</a> de <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_F%C3%AAte_au_Bouc" title="La Fête au Bouc">La Fête au Bouc</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> au sujet de la dictature de <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Trujillo" title="Rafael Trujillo">Rafael Trujillo</a> (République dominicaine)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Automne_du_patriarche" title="L&#39;Automne du patriarche">L'Automne du patriarche</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Gabriel García Márquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a></li> <li><i>El Conspirador</i>, de Mercedes Cabello, consacré au début de la dictature de <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Legu%C3%ADa" title="Augusto Leguía">Augusto Leguía</a> (Pérou)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirano_Banderas" title="Tirano Banderas">Tirano Banderas</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Mar%C3%ADa_del_Valle-Incl%C3%A1n" title="Ramón María del Valle-Inclán">Ramón María del Valle-Inclán</a></li> <li><i>Garaska le dictateur</i> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C3%A9pan_Vasilievitch_Anikine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stépan Vasilievitch Anikine (page inexistante)">Stépan Vasilievitch Anikine</a>&#160;<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Аникин, Степан Васильевич"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en russe&#160;: «&#160;Аникин,_Степан_Васильевич&#160;»">(ru)</span></a>, publié dans le magazine <i>La richesse russe</i> en 1907, republié à titre posthume dans <span class="ouvrage" id="Vasilievitch_Anikine1989"><span class="ouvrage" id="Stépan_Vasilievitch_Anikine1989">Stépan Vasilievitch Anikine, <cite class="italique">Automne fructueux&#160;: histoires, contes</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a>, Mordov, <time>1989</time>, 256&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/5-7595-0137-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/5-7595-0137-2"><span class="nowrap">5-7595-0137-2</span></a>, <a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD)/1989_(%D0%A1%D0%9E)" class="extiw" title="s:ru:Гараська-диктатор (Аникин)/1989 (СО)">lire sur Wikisource</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Automne+fructueux&amp;rft.place=Saransk&amp;rft.pub=Mordov&amp;rft.stitle=histoires%2C+contes&amp;rft.au=St%C3%A9pan+Vasilievitch+Anikine&amp;rft.date=1989&amp;rft.tpages=256&amp;rft.isbn=5-7595-0137-2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jeux_vidéo"><span id="Jeux_vid.C3.A9o"></span>Jeux vidéo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Modifier la section : Jeux vidéo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Jeux vidéo"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>La série de jeux vidéo <i><a href="/wiki/Tropico_(jeu_vid%C3%A9o)" title="Tropico (jeu vidéo)">Tropico</a></i> permet d'incarner un dictateur.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=25" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=26" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Alan R. Ball (<i>Modern Politics and Government</i>, p.37) cite l'éducation, la morale, le patriotisme et l'égalité économique.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=27" title="Modifier la section : Citations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Citations"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIT7-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT7_27-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#ESBE">ESBE</a>, fin de page&#160;: <span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">В настоящее время под именем диктатуры разумеется вполне или почти неограниченная власть, не основанная на существующем законе.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT8-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT8_28-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#GEC">GEC</a>, haut de page&#160;: <span class="lang-ca" lang="ca"><i>En els estats moderns, el qui rep o s’arroga el dret de concentrar en ell tots els poders.</i></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT1_39-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#Lidén">Lidén</a>, p.50&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Moreover, scrutinising the typologies of dictatorships and their variants provided by previous research reveals some loosely connected or almost arbitrary alternatives</span></i>.&#160;»</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT2-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT2_42-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#Lidén">Lidén</a>, p.54&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">In many ways, the latter category reflects the stereotypical idea of a dictator.</span></i>&#160;»</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT3-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT3_57-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#EIU2020">EIU</a>, p.57&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Many countries in this category are outright dictatorships.</span></i>&#160;»</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT4-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT4_64-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#Przeworkski2003">Przeworkski</a>, p.12&#160;: <span class="citation">«&#160;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">the only system in which citizens can get rid of governments without bloodshed</span></i>&#160;»</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT5-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT5_66-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#Cheibub2010">Cheibub</a>, p.70&#160;: <blockquote> <p>«&#160;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">A regime is classified as a democracy if it meets the requirements stipulated in all of the following four rules:<br />1. The chief executive must be chosen by popular election or by a body that was itself popularly elected. <br />2. The legislature must be popularly elected. <br />3. There must be more than one party competing in the elections. <br />4. Alternation in power under electoral rules identical to the ones that brought the incumbent to the office must have taken place.</span></i>&#160;» </p> </blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIT6-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-CIT6_69-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir <a href="#PlanetRulers">Planetrulers.com</a>, en haut de la page&#160;: <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>We define a dictator as the ruler of a land rated “Not Free” by the Freedom House in their annual survey of freedom.</i></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies"><span id="Dictionnaires_et_encyclop.C3.A9dies"></span>Dictionnaires et encyclopédies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=28" title="Modifier la section : Dictionnaires et encyclopédies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dictionnaires et encyclopédies"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Perseus-Dictator-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Perseus-Dictator_3-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Perseus"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Perseus, <cite class="italique" lang="en">A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890)</cite> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0063:entry=dictator-cn">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, définition&#160;: <span class="lang-la" lang="la"><i>dictator</i></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Greek+and+Roman+Antiquities+%281890%29&amp;rft.au=Perseus&amp;rft.pages=d%C3%A9finition+%3A+%3Cspan+class%3D%22lang-la%22+lang%3D%22la%22%3E%27%27dictator%27%27%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0063%3Aentry%3Ddictator-cn&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gaffiot-Dictator-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gaffiot-Dictator_4-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Gaffiot-Dictator_4-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><cite class="italique">Le Gaffiot</cite>, <time>2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gaffiot.fr/#dictator">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, définition&#160;: <span class="lang-la" lang="la"><i>dictator</i>, <i>oris</i></span>, m.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Le+Gaffiot&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.pages=d%C3%A9finition+%3A+%3Cspan+class%3D%22lang-la%22+lang%3D%22la%22%3E%27%27dictator%27%27%2C+%27%27oris%27%27%3C%2Fspan%3E%2C+m.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgaffiot.fr%2F%23dictator&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="A.ErnoutA.Meille1985"><span class="nom_auteur">A.Ernout</span> et <span class="nom_auteur">A.Meille</span>, <cite class="italique">A.Ernout, A.Meillet - Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine. Histoire des mots - (1985)</cite>, <time>1985</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/a.ernouta.meilletdictionnaireetymologiquedelalanguelatine.histoiredesmotsklincksieck1985_202003">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A.Ernout%2C+A.Meillet+-+Dictionnaire+%C3%A9tymologique+de+la+langue+latine.+Histoire+des+mots+-+%281985%29&amp;rft.aulast=A.Ernout&amp;rft.au=A.Meille&amp;rft.date=1985&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><cite class="italique">Le Gaffiot</cite>, <time>2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gaffiot.fr/#dicto">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, définition&#160;: <span class="lang-la" lang="la"><i>dicto</i>, <i>avi</i>, <i>atum</i>, <i>are</i></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Le+Gaffiot&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.pages=d%C3%A9finition+%3A+%3Cspan+class%3D%22lang-la%22+lang%3D%22la%22%3E%27%27dicto%27%27%2C+%27%27avi%27%27%2C+%27%27atum%27%27%2C+%27%27are%27%27%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgaffiot.fr%2F%23dicto&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Le Robert</cite> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionnaire.lerobert.com/definition/dictateur">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, définition&#160;: dictateur<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Le+Robert&amp;rft.pages=d%C3%A9finition+%3A+dictateur&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionnaire.lerobert.com%2Fdefinition%2Fdictateur&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Britannica"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Britannica, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dictator"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Merriam webster</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">merriam-webster.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-02" data-sort-value="2021-07-02">2 juillet 2021</time>)</small></span>, définition&#160;: <span class="lang-la" lang="la"><i>dictator</i></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Larousse-encyclopédie-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Larousse-encyclopédie_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Larousse-encyclopédie_14-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Larousse-encyclopédie_14-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/dictateur/43316"><cite style="font-style:normal;">dictateur</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">larousse.fr</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Perseus"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Perseus, <cite class="italique" lang="en">A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890)</cite> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0063:entry=justitium-cn">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, définition&#160;: <span class="lang-la" lang="la"><i>justitium</i></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Greek+and+Roman+Antiquities+%281890%29&amp;rft.au=Perseus&amp;rft.pages=d%C3%A9finition+%3A+%3Cspan+class%3D%22lang-la%22+lang%3D%22la%22%3E%27%27justitium%27%27%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0063%3Aentry%3Djustitium-cn&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=29" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cébeillac-Gervasoni200652-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Cébeillac-Gervasoni200652_17-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Cébeillac-Gervasoni2006">Cébeillac-Gervasoni 2006</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;52. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rougé199134-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Rougé199134_18-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Rougé1991">Rougé 1991</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;34. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lai2006-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lai2006_38-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Lai2006_38-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Lai2006">Lai 2006</a>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gustav_Lidén53-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Gustav_Lidén53_40-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Gustav_Lidén">Gustav Lidén</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;53. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gustav_Lidén54-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Gustav_Lidén54_41-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Gustav_Lidén">Gustav Lidén</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;54. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gustav_Lidén56-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Gustav_Lidén56_43-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Gustav_Lidén">Gustav Lidén</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;56. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheibub2010-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Cheibub2010_61-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Cheibub2010">Cheibub2010</a>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheibub201069-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Cheibub201069_65-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Cheibub2010">Cheibub2010</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;69. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheibub201070-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Cheibub201070_67-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Cheibub2010">Cheibub2010</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;70. </span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=30" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tlf_dictature-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-tlf_dictature_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Le_Trésor_de_la_Langue_française_-_Dictature">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atilf.atilf.fr/dendien/scripts/fast.exe?dictature"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Le Trésor de la Langue française - Dictature</cite></a>&#160;», Le Trésor de la Langue française <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-02-09" data-sort-value="2008-02-09">9 février 2008</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Hannah Arendt</a>, <i>La nature du totalitarisme</i>, trad. Michelle-Irène Brudny de Launay, Paris, Payot, 1990.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+10%2C+03913&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">X, 3913</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+12%2C+01428&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XII, 1428</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+12%2C+02121&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XII, 2121</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+02097&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 2097</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+02110&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 2110</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+02112&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 2112</a> et <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+02121&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 2121</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+03941&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 3941</a> et <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+03955&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 3955</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum" title="Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum">CIL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.edcs.eu/epigr/epi_einzel_fr.php?p_belegstelle=CIL+14%2C+00212&amp;r_sortierung=Belegstelle">XIV, 212</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tite-LiveTite-Live&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;1&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_23,_4_;_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;3&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_18_,2_;_et_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;6&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;VI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_28,_4-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Tite-LiveTite-Live&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;1&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_23,_4_;_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;3&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_18_,2_;_et_&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;6&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;VI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_28,_4_10-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Tite-Live">Tite-Live</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="1"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span></abbr>, 23, 4&#160;; <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr>, 18 ,2&#160;; et <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr>, 28, 4. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Denys_d&#39;HalicarnasseDenys_d&#39;Halicarnasse&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;5&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_74,_4-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Denys_d&#39;HalicarnasseDenys_d&#39;Halicarnasse&lt;abbr_class=&quot;abbr_&quot;_title=&quot;5&quot;_&gt;&lt;span_class=&quot;romain&quot;_style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;,_74,_4_11-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Denys_d&#39;Halicarnasse">Denys d'Halicarnasse</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr>, 74, 4. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_15-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-:1_15-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bainville1935"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacques_Bainville1935">Jacques <span class="nom_auteur">Bainville</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;Rome&#160;»</cite>, dans <cite class="italique">Les Dictateurs</cite>, Denoël et Steele, <time>1935</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Les_Dictateurs/Rome">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">35–57</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Les+Dictateurs&amp;rft.atitle=Rome&amp;rft.pub=Deno%C3%ABl+et+Steele&amp;rft.aulast=Bainville&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacques&amp;rft.date=1935&amp;rft.pages=35%E2%80%9357&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&amp;logic=AND&amp;note=&amp;subjectid=300236596"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Art &amp; Architecture Thesaurus Full Record Display (Getty Research)</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">getty.edu</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-02" data-sort-value="2021-07-02">2 juillet 2021</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_20-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-:0_20-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alexandra2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierré-Caps_Alexandra2016">Pierré-Caps Alexandra, <cite class="italique">L’État d’exception dans la Rome antique</cite>, Civitas Europa, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02" data-sort-value="2016-02">février 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-civitas-europa-2016-2-page-339.htm">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;37 («&#160;1&#160;»), §10<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%E2%80%99%C3%89tat+d%E2%80%99exception+dans+la+Rome+antique&amp;rft.pub=Civitas+Europa&amp;rft.aulast=Alexandra&amp;rft.aufirst=Pierr%C3%A9-Caps&amp;rft.date=2016-02&amp;rft.pages=%C2%A710&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairn.info%2Frevue-civitas-europa-2016-2-page-339.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Glay,_Marcel.2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="Le_Glay,_Marcel.2009"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Le Glay, Marcel., <cite class="italique" lang="en">A history of Rome</cite>, Wiley-Blackwell, <time>2009</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-4051-8327-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-4051-8327-7"><span class="nowrap">978-1-4051-8327-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/760889060">760889060</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+history+of+Rome&amp;rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&amp;rft.au=Le+Glay%2C+Marcel.&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4051-8327-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F760889060&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2018">«&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Petit lexique de l’autoritarisme</cite>&#160;», <i>Le Monde.fr</i>,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-12-28" data-sort-value="2018-12-28">28 décembre 2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2018/12/28/petit-lexique-de-l-autoritarisme_5403290_3232.html">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-02" data-sort-value="2021-07-02">2 juillet 2021</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Petit+lexique+de+l%E2%80%99autoritarisme&amp;rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&amp;rft.date=2018-12-28&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Salmon1996"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_Salmon1996">Pierre <span class="nom_auteur">Salmon</span>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Hurlet (Frédéric). La dictature de Sylla&#160;: monarchie ou magistrature républicaine? Essai d'histoire constitutionnelle.</cite>&#160;», <i>Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;74, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;1,&#8206; <time>1996</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">224–224</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_1996_num_74_1_5884_t1_0224_0000_2">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-02" data-sort-value="2021-07-02">2 juillet 2021</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Hurlet+%28Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric%29.+La+dictature+de+Sylla+%3A+monarchie+ou+magistrature+r%C3%A9publicaine%3F+Essai+d%27histoire+constitutionnelle.&amp;rft.jtitle=Revue+belge+de+Philologie+et+d%27Histoire&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.aulast=Salmon&amp;rft.aufirst=Pierre&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.volume=74&amp;rft.pages=224%E2%80%93224&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.herodote.net/1er_novembre_82_av_J_C-evenement--821101.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">1er novembre 82 av. J.-C. - Sylla seul maître à Rome</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">herodote.net</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-02" data-sort-value="2021-07-02">2 juillet 2021</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Du grec <span class="lang-grc" lang="grc">τύραννος</span>&#160;/ <span class="lang-grc-latn" lang="grc-latn"><i>túrannos</i></span>, littéralement «&#160;celui qui usurpe le pouvoir absolu dans un État libre&#160;», sans connotation nécessaire de brutalité. <a href="/wiki/%C5%92dipe" title="Œdipe">Œdipe</a> est ainsi un «&#160;tyran&#160;»</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Le Robert, <i>Dictionnaire historique de la langue française</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Hannah Arendt, <i>La nature du totalitarisme</i>, trad. Michelle-Irène Brudny de Launay, Paris, Payot, 1990</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cairn&lt;ref-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Cairn&lt;ref_30-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hastings_(CEPEN-IEP_de_Lille)2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michel_Hastings_(CEPEN-IEP_de_Lille)2007">Michel Hastings (CEPEN-IEP de Lille), «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Lectures</cite>&#160;», <i>Pôle Sud</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;26, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;1,&#8206; <time>2007</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;91 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1262-1676">1262-1676</a></span> et <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1960-6656">1960-6656</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/psud.026.0091">10.3917/psud.026.0091</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairn.info/revue-pole-sud-2007-1-page-91.htm?ref=doi">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-21" data-sort-value="2021-10-21">21 octobre 2021</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Lectures&amp;rft.jtitle=P%C3%B4le+Sud&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.au=Michel+Hastings+%28CEPEN-IEP+de+Lille%29&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.volume=26&amp;rft.pages=91&amp;rft.issn=1262-1676&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fpsud.026.0091&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Linz2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Juan_Linz2007"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Linz" title="Juan Linz">Juan Linz</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&#160;Mohammad-Saïd Darviche, William Genieys, <a href="/wiki/Guy_Hermet" title="Guy Hermet">Guy Hermet</a>), <cite class="italique">Régimes totalitaires et autoritaires, <i>Introduction</i></cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Armand_Colin" title="Armand Colin">Armand Colin</a>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-01-10" data-sort-value="2007-01-10">10 janvier 2007</time>, 416&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2200351380" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2200351380"><span class="nowrap">978-2200351380</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=R%C3%A9gimes+totalitaires+et+autoritaires%2C+%27%27Introduction%27%27&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Armand+Colin&amp;rft.aulast=Linz&amp;rft.aufirst=Juan&amp;rft.date=2007-01-10&amp;rft.tpages=416&amp;rft.isbn=978-2200351380&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ball2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_R._Ball2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Alan R. Ball, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Modern Politics and Government</cite>, Londres, Palgrave, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-02-28" data-sort-value="2005-02-28">28 février 2005</time>, 352&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;3<span class="lang-en" lang="en"> («&#160;Classification of Governments&#160;»)</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;37<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Modern+Politics+and+Government&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+of+Governments&amp;rft.place=Londres&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave&amp;rft.aulast=Ball&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+R.&amp;rft.date=2005-02-28&amp;rft.pages=37&amp;rft.tpages=352&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>&#160;:<blockquote><p>«&#160;<span class="lang-en" lang="en">Aristotle made one of the earliest attempts to classify government structures.</span>&#160;»</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_33-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-:2_33-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ball2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_R._Ball2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Alan R. Ball, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Modern Politics and Government</cite>, Londres, Palgrave, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-02-28" data-sort-value="2005-02-28">28 février 2005</time>, 352&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;3<span class="lang-en" lang="en"> («&#160;Classification of Governments&#160;»)</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;37<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Modern+Politics+and+Government&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+of+Governments&amp;rft.place=Londres&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave&amp;rft.aulast=Ball&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+R.&amp;rft.date=2005-02-28&amp;rft.pages=37&amp;rft.tpages=352&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>&#160;:<blockquote><p>«&#160;<span class="lang-en" lang="en">He distinguished between states ruled by one person, by the few and the many —&#160;monarchy, aristocracy and mixed government. His intention was not only to describe but to evaluate and thus he extended his classification scheme to their 'perverted' forms, which he labelled tyranny, oligarchy and democracy.</span>&#160;»</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ball2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_R._Ball2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Alan R. Ball, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Modern Politics and Government</cite>, Londres, Palgrave, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-02-28" data-sort-value="2005-02-28">28 février 2005</time>, 352&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;3<span class="lang-en" lang="en"> («&#160;Classification of Governments&#160;»)</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;37<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Modern+Politics+and+Government&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+of+Governments&amp;rft.place=Londres&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave&amp;rft.aulast=Ball&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+R.&amp;rft.date=2005-02-28&amp;rft.pages=37&amp;rft.tpages=352&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ball2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_R._Ball2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Alan R. Ball, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Modern Politics and Government</cite>, Londres, Palgrave, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-02-28" data-sort-value="2005-02-28">28 février 2005</time>, 352&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;3<span class="lang-en" lang="en"> («&#160;Classification of Governments&#160;»)</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;38<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Modern+Politics+and+Government&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+of+Governments&amp;rft.place=Londres&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave&amp;rft.aulast=Ball&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+R.&amp;rft.date=2005-02-28&amp;rft.pages=38&amp;rft.tpages=352&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>&#160;:<blockquote><p>«&#160;<span class="lang-en" lang="en">There is in Montesquieu the important recognition of the relationship between the type of government and the type of society.</span>&#160;»</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ball2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alan_R._Ball2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Alan R. Ball, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Modern Politics and Government</cite>, Londres, Palgrave, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-02-28" data-sort-value="2005-02-28">28 février 2005</time>, 352&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;3<span class="lang-en" lang="en"> («&#160;Classification of Governments&#160;»)</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;38<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Modern+Politics+and+Government&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+of+Governments&amp;rft.place=Londres&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave&amp;rft.aulast=Ball&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+R.&amp;rft.date=2005-02-28&amp;rft.pages=38&amp;rft.tpages=352&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EzrowFrantz201120-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-EzrowFrantz201120_44-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#EzrowFrantz2011">Ezrow et Frantz 2011</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;20. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Friedrich1950"><span class="ouvrage" id="Carl_Friedrich1950">Carl <span class="nom_auteur">Friedrich</span>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Military Government and Dictatorship.</cite>&#160;», <i>The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;267,&#8206; <time>1950</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">1–7</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0002-7162">0002-7162</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/5723774494">5723774494</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000271625026700102">10.1177/000271625026700102</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146698274">146698274</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Military+Government+and+Dictatorship.&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Annals+of+the+American+Academy+of+Political+and+Social+Science&amp;rft.aulast=Friedrich&amp;rft.aufirst=Carl&amp;rft.date=1950&amp;rft.volume=267&amp;rft.pages=1%E2%80%937&amp;rft.issn=0002-7162&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F000271625026700102&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5723774494&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Danopoulos2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Constantine_P._Danopoulos2019">Constantine P. <span class="nom_auteur">Danopoulos</span>, <cite class="italique">The Decline of Military Regimes: The Civilian Influence</cite>, <time>2019</time>, 1–24&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780367291174" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780367291174"><span class="nowrap">9780367291174</span></a>)</small>, «&#160;Military Dictatorships in Retreat: Problems and Perspectives&#160;»<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Decline+of+Military+Regimes%3A+The+Civilian+Influence&amp;rft.aulast=Danopoulos&amp;rft.aufirst=Constantine+P.&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.tpages=1%E2%80%9324&amp;rft.isbn=9780367291174&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="AcemogluTicchiVindigni2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="Daron_AcemogluDavide_TicchiAndrea_Vindigni2010"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Daron <span class="nom_auteur">Acemoglu</span>, Davide <span class="nom_auteur">Ticchi</span> et Andrea <span class="nom_auteur">Vindigni</span>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">A Theory of Military Dictatorships</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;2, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;1,&#8206; <time>2010</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">1–42</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1945-7707">1945-7707</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.2.1.1">10.1257/mac.2.1.1</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Handle_System" title="Handle System">hdl</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61747">1721.1/61747</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/mac.2.1.1">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=A+Theory+of+Military+Dictatorships&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Economic+Journal%3A+Macroeconomics&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.aulast=Acemoglu&amp;rft.aufirst=Daron&amp;rft.au=Ticchi%2C+Davide&amp;rft.au=Vindigni%2C+Andrea&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.volume=2&amp;rft.pages=1%E2%80%9342&amp;rft.issn=1945-7707&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1257%2Fmac.2.1.1&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aeaweb.org%2Farticles%3Fid%3D10.1257%2Fmac.2.1.1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-parti-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-parti_48-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="MagaloniKricheli2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="Beatriz_MagaloniRuth_Kricheli2010">Beatriz <span class="nom_auteur">Magaloni</span> et Ruth <span class="nom_auteur">Kricheli</span>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Political Order and One-Party Rule</cite>&#160;», <i>Annual Review of Political Science</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;13,&#8206; <time>2010</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">123–143</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.031908.220529">10.1146/annurev.polisci.031908.220529</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.031908.220529">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Political+Order+and+One-Party+Rule&amp;rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&amp;rft.aulast=Magaloni&amp;rft.aufirst=Beatriz&amp;rft.au=Kricheli%2C+Ruth&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.volume=13&amp;rft.pages=123%E2%80%93143&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.polisci.031908.220529&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.annualreviews.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.polisci.031908.220529&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EzrowFrantz2011240–241-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-EzrowFrantz2011240–241_49-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#EzrowFrantz2011">Ezrow et Frantz 2011</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;240–241. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EzrowFrantz2011259-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-EzrowFrantz2011259_50-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#EzrowFrantz2011">Ezrow et Frantz 2011</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;259. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EzrowFrantz2011254-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-EzrowFrantz2011254_51-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#EzrowFrantz2011">Ezrow et Frantz 2011</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;254. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EzrowFrantz201146–48-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-EzrowFrantz201146–48_52-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#EzrowFrantz2011">Ezrow et Frantz 2011</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;46–48. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">La <a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Birmanie##2010-2011_:_Fin_de_la_dictature_et_lib.C3.A9ration_d.27Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Histoire de la Birmanie">Birmanie</a> était une <a href="/wiki/Dictature_militaire" title="Dictature militaire">dictature militaire</a> avant son renversement entre 2010 et 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://traces.revues.org/5060"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Mathieu Carpentier, "État d’exception et dictature", <i>Tracés</i> n°20 (2011)</cite></a>&#160;»</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2020"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnevnik.bg/file/4170840.pdf"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Democracy Index 2020</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">dnevnik.bg</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-11" data-sort-value="2020-02-11">11 février 2020</time></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Economist_Intelligence_Unit2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="The_Economist_Intelligence_Unit2020"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> The Economist Intelligence Unit, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Democracy Index 2020: In sickness and in health?</cite></a>&#160;», <time>2020</time></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="IDEA"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> IDEA, <cite class="italique" lang="en">The Global State of Democracy Indices Methodology&#160;: Conceptualization and Measurement Framework, Version 3</cite>, 82&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idea.int/gsod-indices/sites/default/files/idea-gsodi-2019-methodology-v3.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;25<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Global+State+of+Democracy+Indices+Methodology&amp;rft.stitle=Conceptualization+and+Measurement+Framework%2C+Version+3&amp;rft.au=IDEA&amp;rft.pages=25&amp;rft.tpages=82&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idea.int%2Fgsod-indices%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fidea-gsodi-2019-methodology-v3.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir la <a href="#IDEA-MAP">carte de l'IDEA</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Feuvre2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Delphine_Le_Feuvre2021">Delphine Le <span class="nom_auteur">Feuvre</span>, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geo.fr/histoire/democratie-et-republique-quest-ce-qui-les-differencie-204499"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Démocratie et république&#160;: qu’est-ce qui les différencie&#160;?</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">Geo.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-06-11" data-sort-value="2021-06-11">11 juin 2021</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-06-25" data-sort-value="2024-06-25">25 juin 2024</time>)</small></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="HaggardKaufman2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="Stephan_HaggardRobert_R._Kaufman2012"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Stephan <span class="nom_auteur">Haggard</span> et Robert R. <span class="nom_auteur">Kaufman</span>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Inequality and Regime Change: Democratic Transitions and the Stability of Democratic Rule</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">American Political Science Review</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;106, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;3,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-08" data-sort-value="2012-08">août 2012</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">495–516</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1537-5943">1537-5943</a></span> et <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0003-0554">0003-0554</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0003055412000287">10.1017/S0003055412000287</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/inequality-and-regime-change-democratic-transitions-and-the-stability-of-democratic-rule/C39AAF4CF274445555FF41F7CC896AE3">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-03" data-sort-value="2021-07-03">3 juillet 2021</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Inequality+and+Regime+Change%3A+Democratic+Transitions+and+the+Stability+of+Democratic+Rule&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Political+Science+Review&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.aulast=Haggard&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephan&amp;rft.au=Kaufman%2C+Robert+R.&amp;rft.date=2012-08&amp;rft.volume=106&amp;rft.pages=495%E2%80%93516&amp;rft.issn=1537-5943&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0003055412000287&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Keech2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="William_R._Keech2013"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> William R. Keech, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Economic Politics in the United States</cite>, Cambridge University Press, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-10-14" data-sort-value="2013-10-14">14 octobre 2013</time>, 17&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-107-00414-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-107-00414-6"><span class="nowrap">978-1-107-00414-6</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2UeyAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA17">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Economic+Politics+in+the+United+States&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Keech&amp;rft.aufirst=William+R.&amp;rft.date=2013-10-14&amp;rft.tpages=17&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-107-00414-6&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2UeyAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA17&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DDdata-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-DDdata_68-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-DDdata_68-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Données accessibles&#160;: <span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/joseantoniocheibub/datasets/democracy-and-dictatorship-revisited"><cite style="font-style:normal;">DD - José Antonio Cheibub</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">sites.google.co</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte_70-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersav._la_carte_70-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#PlanetRulers">PlanetRulers</a>, av. la carte. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersap._la_carte-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-PlanetRulersPlanetRulersap._la_carte_71-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#PlanetRulers">PlanetRulers</a>, ap. la carte. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slate2012-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Slate2012_72-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Slate2012_72-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2012">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.fr/story/51013/liste-dictateurs"><cite style="font-style:normal;">La liste des dictateurs modernes</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">Slate.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-03-08" data-sort-value="2012-03-08">8 mars 2012</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-03" data-sort-value="2021-07-03">3 juillet 2021</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Le_Figaro-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-4">e</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_73-5">f</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Olivier Delcroix, «&#160;Sacha Baron Cohen, <i>Dictator</i> d'opérette&#160;», <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a></i>’, mardi 19 juin 2012, page 38.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=31" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Annexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia&#160;:</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dictatorship?uselang=fr">Dictature</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/dictature" class="extiw" title="wikt:dictature">dictature</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="noprint boite-grise boite-a-droite" style="text-align:left;"> <div style="float:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Circle-icons-frames.svg/45px-Circle-icons-frames.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Circle-icons-frames.svg/68px-Circle-icons-frames.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Circle-icons-frames.svg/90px-Circle-icons-frames.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:60px;">Une <a href="/wiki/Aide:Cat%C3%A9gorie" title="Aide:Catégorie">catégorie</a> est consacrée à ce sujet&#160;: <i><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Dictature" title="Catégorie:Dictature">Dictature</a></i>.</div> <div style="clear:left;"></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie_2">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=32" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span>&#160;: document utilisé comme source pour la rédaction de cet article. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies_2"><span id="Dictionnaires_et_encyclop.C3.A9dies_2"></span>Dictionnaires et encyclopédies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=33" title="Modifier la section : Dictionnaires et encyclopédies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dictionnaires et encyclopédies"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Dictator". Encyclopedia Britannica, 8 novembre 2019, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/dictator-Roman-official">https://www.britannica.com/topic/dictator-Roman-official</a>. Accessed 2 July 2021.</li> <li>Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Dictatorship". Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 mai 2020, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/dictatorship">https://www.britannica.com/topic/dictatorship</a>. Accessed 3 July 2021.</li> <li><span id="ESBE"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="1893"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> <cite class="italique" lang="ru">Dictionnaire encyclopédique Brockhaus et Efron</cite>, Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus, <time>1893</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Диктатор">lire sur Wikisource</a>)</small>, Диктатор<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+encyclop%C3%A9dique+Brockhaus+et+Efron&amp;rft.pub=Friedrich+Arnold+Brockhaus&amp;rft.date=1893&amp;rft.pages=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span id="GEC"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="1968"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : catalan">(ca)</abbr> <cite class="italique" lang="ca">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Barcelone" title="Barcelone">Barcelone</a>, Enciclopedia Catalana S.A., <time>1968</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0176307.xml">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, dictador - dictadora<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Gran+Enciclop%C3%A8dia+Catalana&amp;rft.place=Barcelone&amp;rft.pub=Enciclopedia+Catalana+S.A.&amp;rft.date=1968&amp;rft.pages=dictador+-+dictadora&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enciclopedia.cat%2Fec-gec-0176307.xml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ouvrages">Ouvrages</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=34" title="Modifier la section : Ouvrages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Ouvrages"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Moore1966"><span class="ouvrage" id="Barrington_Moore1966"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Barrington_Moore" title="Barrington Moore">Barrington Moore</a>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy&#160;: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World</cite>, <time>1966</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Social+Origins+of+Dictatorship+and+Democracy&amp;rft.stitle=Lord+and+Peasant+in+the+Making+of+the+Modern+World&amp;rft.aulast=Moore&amp;rft.aufirst=Barrington&amp;rft.date=1966&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Duverger1982"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maurice_Duverger1982">Maurice <span class="nom_auteur">Duverger</span>, <cite class="italique">Dictatures et légitimité</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Presses_universitaires_de_France" title="Presses universitaires de France">Presses universitaires de France</a>, <time>1982</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/puf.duver.1982.01">10.3917/puf.duver.1982.01</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès payant au document"><img alt="Accès payant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dictatures+et+l%C3%A9gitimit%C3%A9&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+France&amp;rft.aulast=Duverger&amp;rft.aufirst=Maurice&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fpuf.duver.1982.01&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Rougé1991"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean_Rougé1991"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Roug%C3%A9" title="Jean Rougé">Jean Rougé</a>, <cite class="italique">Les institutions romaines&#160;: de la Rome royale à la Rome chrétienne</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Armand_Colin" title="Armand Colin">Armand Colin</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;U2 / Histoire ancienne&#160;», <time>1991</time> (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr>&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1971), 251&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-200-32201-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-200-32201-1"><span class="nowrap">2-200-32201-1</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+institutions+romaines&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Armand+Colin&amp;rft.stitle=de+la+Rome+royale+%C3%A0+la+Rome+chr%C3%A9tienne&amp;rft.aulast=Roug%C3%A9&amp;rft.aufirst=Jean&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.tpages=251&amp;rft.isbn=2-200-32201-1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Pavloff1998"><span class="ouvrage" id="Franck_Pavloff1998"><a href="/wiki/Franck_Pavloff" title="Franck Pavloff">Franck Pavloff</a>, <cite class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Matin_Brun" class="mw-redirect" title="Matin Brun">Matin Brun</a></cite>, <a href="/wiki/Cheyne_%C3%A9diteur" title="Cheyne éditeur">Cheyne éditeur</a>, <time>1998</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fayardhistoiredesarts.wordpress.com/2013/03/20/matin-brun-de-frank-pavloff/">présentation en ligne</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.botgeo.be/textes/textes_longs/Matin%20brun.pdf">lire en ligne</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès libre au document"><img alt="Accès libre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d&#39;Adobe">&#91;PDF&#93;</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Matin+Brun&amp;rft.pub=Cheyne+%C3%A9diteur&amp;rft.aulast=Pavloff&amp;rft.aufirst=Franck&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Chautard">Sophie Chautard, <cite class="italique">Les dictateurs du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</cite>, Levallois-Perret, Studyrama, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Perspectives&#160;», <time>2006</time>, 223&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-84472-785-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-84472-785-9"><span class="nowrap">2-84472-785-9</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Om-x00oWT_0C&amp;printsec=frontcover">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+dictateurs+du+XXe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&amp;rft.place=Levallois-Perret&amp;rft.pub=Studyrama&amp;rft.au=Sophie+Chautard&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.tpages=223&amp;rft.isbn=2-84472-785-9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Rolinat2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Claude_Rolinat2007"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Rolinat" title="Jean-Claude Rolinat">Jean-Claude <span class="nom_auteur">Rolinat</span></a>, <cite class="italique">Hommes à poigne et dictateurs oubliés de l'Amérique exotique</cite>, Pardès, <time>2007</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2867143779" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2867143779"><span class="nowrap">978-2867143779</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Hommes+%C3%A0+poigne+et+dictateurs+oubli%C3%A9s+de+l%27Am%C3%A9rique+exotique&amp;rft.pub=Pard%C3%A8s&amp;rft.aulast=Rolinat&amp;rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-2867143779&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="BomanFuligniLichicMahieu2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Patrick_BomanBruno_FuligniDr_LichicStéphane_Mahieu2008"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Boman" title="Patrick Boman">Patrick <span class="nom_auteur">Boman</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Fuligni" title="Bruno Fuligni">Bruno <span class="nom_auteur">Fuligni</span></a>, Dr Lichic, Stéphane <span class="nom_auteur">Mahieu</span> et Pascal Varejka, <cite class="italique">Le Guide Suprême, petit dictionnaire des dictateurs</cite>, Ginkgo éditeur, <time>2008</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2846790611" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2846790611"><span class="nowrap">978-2846790611</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books/about/Le_guide_supr%C3%AAme.html?id=z4-nxfwvO54C&amp;redir_esc=y">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Le+Guide+Supr%C3%AAme%2C+petit+dictionnaire+des+dictateurs&amp;rft.pub=Ginkgo+%C3%A9diteur&amp;rft.aulast=Boman&amp;rft.aufirst=Patrick&amp;rft.au=Fuligni%2C+Bruno&amp;rft.au=Dr+Lichic&amp;rft.au=Mahieu%2C+St%C3%A9phane&amp;rft.au=Pascal+Varejka&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-2846790611&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Natasha_M.Frantz2011"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ezrow,_Natasha_M.Erica_Frantz2011"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Ezrow, Natasha M. et Erica Frantz, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Dictators and dictatorships: understanding authoritarian regimes and their leaders.</cite>, New York, NY&#160;; London, Continuum, <time>2011</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/9135705">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dictators+and+dictatorships%3A+understanding+authoritarian+regimes+and+their+leaders.&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY+%3B+London&amp;rft.pub=Continuum&amp;rft.au=Ezrow%2C+Natasha+M.&amp;rft.au=Erica+Frantz&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Milan2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="Svolik_Milan2012"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Svolik Milan, <cite class="italique" lang="en">The Politics of Authoritarian Rule</cite>, New York, Cambridge University Press, <time>2012</time>, 258&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Authoritarian+Rule&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Milan&amp;rft.aufirst=Svolik&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.tpages=258&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Anca2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marina_Anca2013">Marina <span class="nom_auteur">Anca</span>, <cite class="italique">Quand la chenille devient papillon ou La dictature roumaine vue par une adolescente libre</cite>, Éditions auteurs d'aujourd'hui, <time>2013</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bernieshoot.fr/2017/04/temoignage-dictature-roumanie-ceausescu-communisme-anca.html">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Quand+la+chenille+devient+papillon+ou+La+dictature+roumaine+vue+par+une+adolescente+libre&amp;rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+auteurs+d%27aujourd%27hui&amp;rft.aulast=Anca&amp;rft.aufirst=Marina&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="TomAlberto2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ginsburg_TomSimpser_Alberto2014"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Ginsburg Tom et Simpser Alberto, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Constitutions in Authoritarian Regimes</cite>, New York, Cambridge University Press, <time>2014</time>, 282 p <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/1107663946" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/1107663946"><span class="nowrap">1107663946</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Constitutions+in+Authoritarian+Regimes&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Tom&amp;rft.aufirst=Ginsburg&amp;rft.au=Simpser+Alberto&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.tpages=282+p&amp;rft.isbn=1107663946&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="AurelSteffenPatrickStefan2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Croissant_AurelKailitz_SteffenKoellner_PatrickWurster_Stefan2014"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Croissant Aurel, Kailitz Steffen, Koellner Patrick et Wurster Stefan, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Comparing Autocracies in the Early Twenty-First Century</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;1: Unpacking Autocracies – Explaining Similarity and Difference, Abingdon/New York, Routledge, <time>2014</time>, 209&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Comparing+Autocracies+in+the+Early+Twenty-First+Century&amp;rft.place=Abingdon%2FNew+York&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.aulast=Aurel&amp;rft.aufirst=Croissant&amp;rft.au=Kailitz+Steffen&amp;rft.au=Koellner+Patrick&amp;rft.au=Wurster+Stefan&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.volume=1%3A+Unpacking+Autocracies+%E2%80%93+Explaining+Similarity+and+Difference&amp;rft.tpages=209&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Mérieau2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Eugénie_Mérieau2019"><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_M%C3%A9rieau" title="Eugénie Mérieau">Eugénie <span class="nom_auteur">Mérieau</span></a>, <cite class="italique">La dictature, une antithèse de la démocratie&#160;?&#160;: 20 idées reçues sur les régimes autoritaires</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_du_Cavalier_bleu" title="Éditions du Cavalier bleu">Le Cavalier Bleu</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Idées reçues&#160;», <time>2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/979-10-318-0346-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/979-10-318-0346-3"><span class="nowrap">979-10-318-0346-3</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lcb.merie.2019.01">10.3917/lcb.merie.2019.01</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès payant au document"><img alt="Accès payant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=La+dictature%2C+une+antith%C3%A8se+de+la+d%C3%A9mocratie+%3F&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Le+Cavalier+Bleu&amp;rft.stitle=20+id%C3%A9es+re%C3%A7ues+sur+les+r%C3%A9gimes+autoritaires&amp;rft.aulast=M%C3%A9rieau&amp;rft.aufirst=Eug%C3%A9nie&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.isbn=979-10-318-0346-3&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Flcb.merie.2019.01&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Olivier2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Guez_Olivier2019">Guez Olivier, <cite class="italique">Le Siècle des dictateurs</cite>, Perrin, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Hors collection&#160;», <time>2019</time>, 464&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782262077105" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782262077105"><span class="nowrap">9782262077105</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/perri.guez.2019.01">10.3917/perri.guez.2019.01</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès payant au document"><img alt="Accès payant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Le+Si%C3%A8cle+des+dictateurs&amp;rft.pub=Perrin&amp;rft.aulast=Olivier&amp;rft.aufirst=Guez&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.tpages=464&amp;rft.isbn=9782262077105&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fperri.guez.2019.01&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Cébeillac-Gervasoni2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mireille_Cébeillac-Gervasoni2019"><a href="/wiki/Mireille_C%C3%A9beillac-Gervasoni" title="Mireille Cébeillac-Gervasoni">Mireille <span class="nom_auteur">Cébeillac-Gervasoni</span></a>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;La royauté et la République&#160;»</cite>, dans Mireille Cébeillac-Gervasoni, Alain Chauvot et Jean-Pierre Martin, <cite class="italique">Histoire romaine</cite>, Paris, Armand Colin, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Collection U&#160;», <time>2019</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="cinquième">5<sup>e</sup></abbr>&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr>&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 2006), 520&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-200-62290-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-200-62290-9"><span class="nowrap">978-2-200-62290-9</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/arco.marti.2019.01">10.3917/arco.marti.2019.01</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès payant au document"><img alt="Accès payant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+romaine&amp;rft.atitle=La+royaut%C3%A9+et+la+R%C3%A9publique&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Armand+Colin&amp;rft.edition=5&amp;rft.aulast=C%C3%A9beillac-Gervasoni&amp;rft.aufirst=Mireille&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.tpages=520&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-200-62290-9&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Farco.marti.2019.01&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="GurievTreisman2023"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sergei_GurievDaniel_Treisman2023">Sergei <span class="nom_auteur">Guriev</span> et Daniel <span class="nom_auteur">Treisman</span>, <cite class="italique"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spin_Dictators&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Spin Dictators (page inexistante)">Spin Dictators&#160;: Le nouveau visage de la tyrannie au <abbr class="abbr" title="21ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XXI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_Dictators" class="extiw" title="en:Spin Dictators"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Spin Dictators&#160;»">(en)</span></a></cite>, Payot, <time>2023</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Spin+Dictators+%3A+Le+nouveau+visage+de+la+tyrannie+au+XXIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle%C2%A0%28en%29Cat%C3%A9gorie%3AArticle+contenant+un+appel+%C3%A0+traduction+en+anglais&amp;rft.pub=Payot&amp;rft.aulast=Guriev&amp;rft.aufirst=Sergei&amp;rft.au=Treisman%2C+Daniel&amp;rft.date=2023&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Szablowski2024"><span class="ouvrage" id=":Witold_Szablowski2024"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Witold_Szablowski&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Witold Szablowski (page inexistante)">Witold Szablowski</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witold_Szab%C5%82owski" class="extiw" title="en:Witold Szabłowski"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Witold Szabłowski&#160;»">(en)</span></a>, <cite class="italique">Comment nourrir un dictateur</cite>, Les Éditions Noir sur Blanc, <time>2024</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=8nvzEAAAQBAJ">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Comment+nourrir+un+dictateur&amp;rft.pub=Les+%C3%89ditions+Noir+sur+Blanc&amp;rft.aulast=Szablowski&amp;rft.aufirst=%3AWitold&amp;rft.date=2024&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Articles">Articles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=35" title="Modifier la section : Articles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span id="Przeworkski2003"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="Przeworkski2003"><span class="ouvrage" id="Adam_Przeworkski2003"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Adam Przeworkski, <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">«&#160;Minimalist Conception of Democraty&#160;: A Defense&#160;»</cite>, dans <cite class="italique" lang="en">The Democracy Sourcebook</cite>, Robert Alan Dahl, Ian Shapiro&amp; José Antônio Cheibub, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;MIT Press&#160;», <time>2003</time>, 12-18&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-262-54147-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-262-54147-3"><span class="nowrap">978-0-262-54147-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B8THIuSkiqgC&amp;pg=PA12">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="lang-en" lang="en">, «&#160;Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense&#160;»</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=The+Democracy+Sourcebook&amp;rft.atitle=Minimalist+Conception+of+Democraty+%3A+A+Defense&amp;rft.pub=Robert+Alan+Dahl%2C+Ian+Shapiro%26+Jos%C3%A9+Ant%C3%B4nio+Cheibub&amp;rft.aulast=Przeworkski&amp;rft.aufirst=Adam&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.tpages=12-18&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-262-54147-3&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB8THIuSkiqgC%26pg%3DPA12&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span id="Lidén"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="Lidén2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gustav_Lidén2014"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Gustav Lidén, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Theories of Dictatorships: Sub-Types and Explanations</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Studies of Transition States and Societies</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;6,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-06" data-sort-value="2014-06">juin 2014</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">50-67</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:731017/FULLTEXT01.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Theories+of+Dictatorships%3A+Sub-Types+and+Explanations&amp;rft.jtitle=Studies+of+Transition+States+and+Societies&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.aulast=Lid%C3%A9n&amp;rft.aufirst=Gustav&amp;rft.date=2014-06&amp;rft.pages=50-67&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.diva-portal.org%2Fsmash%2Fget%2Fdiva2%3A731017%2FFULLTEXT01.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span id="Cheibub2010"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="Antonio_CheibubGandhiRaymond_Vreeland2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="José_Antonio_CheibubJennifer_GandhiJames_Raymond_Vreeland2010"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> José Antonio Cheibub, Jennifer Gandhi et James Raymond Vreeland, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Democracy and dictatorship revisited</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Public_choice_(revue)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Public choice (revue) (page inexistante)">Public Choice</a></span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;143, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéros">n<sup>os</sup></abbr>&#160;1–2,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2010-04" data-sort-value="2010-04">avril 2010</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">67–101</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-009-9491-2">10.1007/s11127-009-9491-2</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jstor.org/stable/40661005">40661005</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:45234838">45234838</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Democracy+and+dictatorship+revisited&amp;rft.jtitle=Public+Choice&amp;rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&amp;rft.au=Jos%C3%A9+Antonio+Cheibub&amp;rft.au=Jennifer+Gandhi&amp;rft.au=James+Raymond+Vreeland&amp;rft.date=2010-04&amp;rft.volume=143&amp;rft.pages=67%E2%80%93101&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11127-009-9491-2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span id="EIU2020"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="Economist_Intelligence_Unit2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="The_Economist_Intelligence_Unit2020"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> The Economist Intelligence Unit, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Democracy Index 2020: In sickness and in health?</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Economist</span></i>,&#8206; <time>2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020/">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Democracy+Index+2020%3A+In+sickness+and+in+health%3F&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Economist&amp;rft.au=The+Economist+Intelligence+Unit&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eiu.com%2Fn%2Fcampaigns%2Fdemocracy-index-2020%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="LaiSlater2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Brian_LaiDan_Slater2006"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Brian Lai et Dan Slater, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Institutions of the Offensive: Domestic Sources of Dispute Initiation in Authoritarian Regimes, 1950-1992</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">American Journal of Political Science</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;50, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;1,&#8206; <time>2006</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">113–126</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00173.x">10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00173.x</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jstor.org/stable/3694260">3694260</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Institutions+of+the+Offensive%3A+Domestic+Sources+of+Dispute+Initiation+in+Authoritarian+Regimes%2C+1950-1992&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Political+Science&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.aulast=Lai&amp;rft.aufirst=Brian&amp;rft.au=Dan+Slater&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.volume=50&amp;rft.pages=113%E2%80%93126&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1540-5907.2006.00173.x&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Ritter2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Daniel_P._Ritter2008"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Daniel P. Ritter, <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">«&#160;Dictatorships and Authoritarian Regimes, Insurrections against&#160;»</cite>, dans <cite class="italique" lang="en">Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, &amp; Conflict (Second Edition)</cite>, Lester Kurtz, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Academic Press&#160;», <time>2008</time>, 565-573&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780123739858" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780123739858"><span class="nowrap">9780123739858</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-012373985-8.00049-0">10.1016/B978-012373985-8.00049-0</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Violence%2C+Peace%2C+%26+Conflict+%28Second+Edition%29&amp;rft.atitle=Dictatorships+and+Authoritarian+Regimes%2C+Insurrections+against&amp;rft.pub=Lester+Kurtz&amp;rft.aulast=Ritter&amp;rft.aufirst=Daniel+P.&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.tpages=565-573&amp;rft.isbn=9780123739858&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-012373985-8.00049-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="KirtchikHeredia2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Olessia_KirtchikMariana_Heredia2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Olessia Kirtchik et Mariana Heredia, <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">«&#160;Social and Behavioral Sciences under Dictatorship&#160;»</cite>, dans <cite class="italique" lang="en">International Encyclopedia of the Social &amp; Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition)</cite>, James D. Wright, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Elsevier&#160;», <time>2015</time>, 139-146&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780080970875" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780080970875"><span class="nowrap">9780080970875</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.03207-4">10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.03207-4</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+the+Social+%26+Behavioral+Sciences+%28Second+Edition%29&amp;rft.atitle=Social+and+Behavioral+Sciences+under+Dictatorship&amp;rft.pub=James+D.+Wright&amp;rft.aulast=Kirtchik&amp;rft.aufirst=Olessia&amp;rft.au=Mariana+Heredia&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.tpages=139-146&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-0-08-097086-8.03207-4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Fenoll2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Vicente_Fenoll2019"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Vicente Fenoll, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">The representation of the dictatorship in the argentine animation cinema</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Vivat Academia. Revista de Comunicación</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;149,&#8206; <time>2019</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">45-66</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/http%3A//doi.org/10.15178/va.2019.149.45-66">http&#58;//doi.org/10.15178/va.2019.149.45-66</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=The+representation+of+the+dictatorship+in+the+argentine+animation+cinema&amp;rft.jtitle=Vivat+Academia.+Revista+de+Comunicaci%C3%B3n&amp;rft.issue=149&amp;rft.aulast=Fenoll&amp;rft.aufirst=Vicente&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.pages=45-66&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.15178%2Fva.2019.149.45-66&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Sophie2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Panel_Sophie2016">Panel Sophie, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Comment survivent et meurent les dictatures&#160;: conflits et stratégies de stabilisation en régime non-démocratique</cite>&#160;», <i>Revue internationale de politique comparée</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;23,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02" data-sort-value="2016-02">février 2016</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">249-260</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ripc.232.0249">10.3917/ripc.232.0249</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-politique-comparee-2016-2-page-249.htm">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Comment+survivent+et+meurent+les+dictatures+%3A+conflits+et+strat%C3%A9gies+de+stabilisation+en+r%C3%A9gime+non-d%C3%A9mocratique&amp;rft.jtitle=Revue+internationale+de+politique+compar%C3%A9e&amp;rft.aulast=Sophie&amp;rft.aufirst=Panel&amp;rft.date=2016-02&amp;rft.volume=23&amp;rft.pages=249-260&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fripc.232.0249&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairn.info%2Frevue-internationale-de-politique-comparee-2016-2-page-249.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADictature"></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Documentaires">Documentaires</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=36" title="Modifier la section : Documentaires" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=36" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Documentaires"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/RC-021968/dictateurs-mode-d-emploi/"><i>Dictateurs, mode d'emploi</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Arte" title="Arte">Arte</a>, 2022. Série de six documentaires sur des dictateurs (<a href="/wiki/Idi_Amin_Dada" title="Idi Amin Dada">Idi Amin Dada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il-sung" title="Kim Il-sung">Kim Il-sung</a> et <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=37" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=37" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles 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title="Césarisme">Césarisme</a> | <a href="/wiki/Corporatisme" title="Corporatisme">Corporatisme</a> | <a href="/wiki/Fascisme" title="Fascisme">Fascisme</a> | <a href="/wiki/Stalinisme" title="Stalinisme">Stalinisme</a> | Sécuritarisme | <a href="/wiki/Timocratie" title="Timocratie">Timocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homme_fort_(politique)" title="Homme fort (politique)">Homme fort (politique)</a> | <a href="/wiki/Bonapartisme" title="Bonapartisme">Bonapartisme</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Big_Man_(science_politique)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Big Man (science politique) (page inexistante)">Big Man</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_man_(political_science)" class="extiw" title="en:Big man (political science)"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Big man (political science)&#160;»">(en)</span></a></li></ul></li> <li>Concepts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dictateur_(Rome_antique)" title="Dictateur (Rome antique)">Dictateur romain</a> | <a href="/wiki/Dictature_du_prol%C3%A9tariat" title="Dictature du prolétariat">dictature du prolétariat</a> | <a href="/wiki/Dictateur_bienveillant" title="Dictateur bienveillant">Dictateur bienveillant</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Benevolent_Dictator_for_Life" title="Benevolent Dictator for Life">Benevolent Dictator for Life</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caudillo" title="Caudillo">Caudillo</a> || <a href="/wiki/Conduc%C4%83tor" title="Conducător">Conducător</a> || <a href="/wiki/Duce" title="Duce">Duce</a> || <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BChrer" title="Führer">Führer</a> || <a href="/wiki/Seigneur_de_guerre" title="Seigneur de guerre">Seigneur de guerre</a> (<i>War-lord</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9paration_des_pouvoirs" title="Séparation des pouvoirs">Séparation des pouvoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culte_de_la_personnalit%C3%A9" title="Culte de la personnalité">Culte de la personnalité</a></li></ul></li> <li>Théories <ul><li><i><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=38" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictature&amp;action=edit&amp;section=38" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span>&#160;: document utilisé comme source pour la rédaction de cet article. </p> <ul><li><span id="IDEA-MAP"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="IDEA"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> IDEA, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idea.int/gsod-indices/#/indices/world-map"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Carte du monde&#160;: the Global State of Democracy Indices</cite></a>&#160;» <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-03" data-sort-value="2021-07-03">3 juillet 2021</time>)</small></span></li> <li><span id="PlanetRulers"></span> <span class="ouvrage" id="PlanetRulers"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> PlanetRulers, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetrulers.com/current-dictators/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Current World Dictators</cite></a>&#160;» <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-03" data-sort-value="2021-07-03">3 juillet 2021</time>)</small></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slateafrique.com/2409/afrique-top-10-accros-au-pouvoir"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Afrique&#160;: le top 10 des accros au pouvoir / Slate Afrique</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">Slate Afrique</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-09-03" data-sort-value="2020-09-03">3 septembre 2020</time>)</small></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asianhistory.about.com/od/Dictators_of_Asia/tp/Asias-5-Worst-Dictators-2013-Edition.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Asia’s 5 Worst Dictators</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">ThoughtCo</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-09-03" data-sort-value="2020-09-03">3 septembre 2020</time>)</small></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Wallechinsky2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="David_Wallechinsky2009"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> David Wallechinsky, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parade.com/dictators/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">The World's 10 Worst Dictators</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">parade.com</span>, <i>Parade: Entertainment, Recipes, Health, Life, Holidays</i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-03-22" data-sort-value="2009-03-22">22 mars 2009</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-09-03" data-sort-value="2020-09-03">3 septembre 2020</time>)</small></span></span>.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/dictatorship"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/diktatur"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a 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class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l&#39;information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh92001903">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4149920-7">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00561659">Japon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810603927105606">Pologne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007553853605171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph119465">Tchéquie</a></span></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Formes_de_gouvernements" title="Modèle:Palette Formes de gouvernements"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a>&#160;· <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Formes_de_gouvernements&amp;action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_politique" title="Régime politique">Formes de gouvernements</a> <small><small>(<a href="/wiki/Liste_de_formes_de_gouvernements" title="Liste de formes de gouvernements">liste</a>)</small></small></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_directe" title="Démocratie directe">Démocratie directe</a> <br /> <small><small>(gouvernement du peuple directement)</small></small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acratie" title="Acratie">Acratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchie" title="Anarchie">Anarchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autogestion" title="Autogestion">Autogestion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communalisme" title="Communalisme">Communalisme</a> <ul><li>expériences de <a href="/wiki/Communisme_libertaire#Expériences_de_mise_en_pratique_de_communisme_libertaire" title="Communisme libertaire">communisme libertaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalisme_libertaire" title="Municipalisme libertaire">Municipalisme libertaire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_liquide" title="Démocratie liquide">Démocratie liquide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_sans_%C3%89tat" title="Société sans État">Société sans État</a></li></ul> </div></td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Government_icon_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Government_icon_%28black%29.svg/80px-Government_icon_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Government_icon_%28black%29.svg/120px-Government_icon_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Government_icon_%28black%29.svg/160px-Government_icon_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="373" /></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_repr%C3%A9sentative" title="Démocratie représentative">Démocratie représentative</a> <br /> <small><small>(gouvernement des élus)</small></small></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_lib%C3%A9rale" title="Démocratie libérale">Démocratie libérale</a>/<a href="/wiki/Illib%C3%A9ralisme" title="Illibéralisme">Illibérale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_non_partisane" title="Démocratie non partisane">Démocratie non partisane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_parlementaire" title="Démocratie parlementaire">Démocratie parlementaire</a> <ul><li>Régime&#160;: <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_d%27assembl%C3%A9e" title="Régime d&#39;assemblée">d'assemblée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_parlementaire" title="Régime parlementaire">parlementaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_pr%C3%A9sidentiel" title="Régime présidentiel">présidentiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_semi-pr%C3%A9sidentiel" title="Régime semi-présidentiel">semi-présidentiel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_participative" title="Démocratie participative">Démocratie participative</a> (hybridation avec la démocratie directe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchie_constitutionnelle" title="Monarchie constitutionnelle">Monarchie constitutionnelle parlementaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique" title="République">République</a> démocratique <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_islamique" title="République islamique">République islamique</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Oligarchie" title="Oligarchie">Oligarchie</a> <br /> <small><small>(gouvernement de quelques-uns)</small></small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aristocratie" title="Aristocratie">Aristocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacocratie" title="Cacocratie">Cacocratie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dictature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dictature_militaire" title="Dictature militaire">Dictature militaire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rontocratie" title="Gérontocratie">Gérontocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ocratie" title="Théocratie">Théocratie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats_pontificaux" title="États pontificaux">États pontificaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_islamique" title="État islamique">État islamique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ocratie_tib%C3%A9taine" title="Théocratie tibétaine">Théocratie tibétaine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9ritocratie" title="Méritocratie">Méritocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9potisme" title="Népotisme">Népotisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochlocratie" title="Ochlocratie">Ochlocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particratie" title="Particratie">Particratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutocratie" title="Ploutocratie">Ploutocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_aristocratique" title="République aristocratique">République aristocratique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratocratie" title="Stratocratie">Stratocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technocratie" title="Technocratie">Technocratie</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Autocratie" title="Autocratie">Autocratie</a> <br /> <small><small>(gouvernement d'un seul)</small></small></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Despotisme" title="Despotisme">Despotisme</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Despotisme_%C3%A9clair%C3%A9" title="Despotisme éclairé">Despotisme éclairé</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dictature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dictature_militaire" title="Dictature militaire">Dictature militaire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absolutisme" title="Absolutisme">Monarchie absolue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchie_h%C3%A9r%C3%A9ditaire" title="Monarchie héréditaire">héréditaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchie_%C3%A9lective" title="Monarchie élective">élective</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarisme" title="Totalitarisme">Totalitarisme</a>/<a href="/wiki/Parti_unique" title="Parti unique">Parti unique</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_communiste" title="État communiste">État communiste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazisme" title="Nazisme">Nazisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascisme" title="Fascisme">Fascisme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyran" title="Tyran">Tyrannie</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Caractères transversaux</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoritarisme" title="Autoritarisme">Autoritarisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouvernement_mixte" title="Gouvernement mixte">Gouvernement mixte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirage_au_sort_en_politique" title="Tirage au sort en politique">Stochocratie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seaucratie" title="Réseaucratie">Réseaucratie</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Politique" title="Portail de la politique"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Society.svg/48px-Society.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Society.svg/72px-Society.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Society.svg/96px-Society.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="96" data-file-height="38" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Politique" title="Portail:Politique">Portail de la politique</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Histoire" title="Portail de l’histoire"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/27px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/40px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/53px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Histoire" title="Portail:Histoire">Portail de l’histoire</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Portail de la société"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/27px-Social_sciences.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/41px-Social_sciences.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/55px-Social_sciences.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></span> <span 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