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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Right to Resistance</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">0 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Right to Resistance</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Right_to_Resistance">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25912217" data-work_id="25912217" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25912217/Kwestionowanie_legitymacji_prawa_jako_forma_ochrony_godno%C5%9Bci_cz%C5%82owieka_i_obywatela_Challenging_the_Legitymacy_of_the_Law_as_a_Form_of_Protection_of_the_Dignity_of_Man_and_Citizen_">Kwestionowanie legitymacji prawa jako forma ochrony godności człowieka i obywatela [Challenging the Legitymacy of the Law as a Form of Protection of the Dignity of Man and Citizen]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article is about the behavior patterns that challenge the legitimacy of the law. The analysis focuses on the basic forms of questioning the legitimacy of such rights namely the right to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25912217" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article is about the behavior patterns that challenge the legitimacy of the law. The analysis focuses on the basic forms of questioning the legitimacy of such rights namely the right to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution. The considerations made in this article are designed to synthetic analysis of the issues related to the questioning of state power by the citizens. The questions which are the subject of the following scientic reection of an academic nature can be examined from the point of view of dierent branches of science. They are intensely analyzed on the ground of philosophy of history, political and economic history, political science, and many others. What seems obvious, in this paper emphasis is put on the subject of study of the law. e rights to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution as forms of challenging the legitimacy of the law are insuciently elaborated on in the science of the law and constitute a research area which few representatives of jurisprudence have the courage to step into. Typically, the aforementioned issues are raised in the science of the constitutional law however in a clearly insucient way. For centuries, problems related to challenging the legitimacy of the law have been the subject of interest of the philosophy of the law and it is mainly there where we can nd both questions and answers related to the binding force of the law as a system of norms of behaviour of particular importance. The following considerations are aimed at indicating basic theses to be coped with by a modern researcher focused on these socio-legal phenomena. Secondly, the following scientic reections onto the forms of challenging the legitimacy of the law stimulate further research onto the area which should denitely be carried out due to its importance and nature, as well as meaning in the context of problems we face in modern times.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25912217" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a319ae864f76cb08c80102e7faefc6cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46274371,"asset_id":25912217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46274371/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27403809" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski">Marcin Konarski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27403809" type="text/json">{"id":27403809,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Konarski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarcinKonarski","display_name":"Marcin Konarski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27403809/9951826/36534761/s65_marcin.konarski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25912217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25912217"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25912217, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25912217", }); 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The analysis focuses on the basic forms of questioning the legitimacy of such rights namely the right to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution. The considerations made in this article are designed to synthetic analysis of the issues related to the questioning of state power by the citizens. The questions which are the subject of the following scientic reection of an academic nature can be examined from the point of view of dierent branches of science. They are intensely analyzed on the ground of philosophy of history, political and economic history, political science, and many others. What seems obvious, in this paper emphasis is put on the subject of study of the law. e rights to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution as forms of challenging the legitimacy of the law are insuciently elaborated on in the science of the law and constitute a research area which few representatives of jurisprudence have the courage to step into. Typically, the aforementioned issues are raised in the science of the constitutional law however in a clearly insucient way. For centuries, problems related to challenging the legitimacy of the law have been the subject of interest of the philosophy of the law and it is mainly there where we can nd both questions and answers related to the binding force of the law as a system of norms of behaviour of particular importance. The following considerations are aimed at indicating basic theses to be coped with by a modern researcher focused on these socio-legal phenomena. Secondly, the following scientic reections onto the forms of challenging the legitimacy of the law stimulate further research onto the area which should denitely be carried out due to its importance and nature, as well as meaning in the context of problems we face in modern times. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46274371,"asset_id":25912217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27403809,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Konarski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarcinKonarski","display_name":"Marcin Konarski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27403809/9951826/36534761/s65_marcin.konarski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":2169,"name":"Human Rights Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":4487,"name":"Revolutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":4652,"name":"French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":10492,"name":"Thomas Hobbes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Hobbes?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":32537,"name":"Citizenship (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citizenship_Law_?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":36742,"name":"Civil disobedience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_disobedience?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":87903,"name":"Robespierre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Robespierre?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":437236,"name":"Révolution française","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/R%C3%A9volution_fran%C3%A7aise?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":449830,"name":"French Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Declaration_of_Rights_of_Man_and_Citizens?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":722440,"name":"Coup D`etats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coup_Detats-1?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":996872,"name":"Maximilien Robespierre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maximilien_Robespierre?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39632418" data-work_id="39632418" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39632418/_A_Vindication_of_the_Rights_of_Woman_Mary_Wollstonecrafts_feminist_Manifesto">"A Vindication of the Rights of Woman": Mary Wollstonecraft's feminist Manifesto</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">PDF-PowerPoint presentation of the talk I gave on Sunday, 26th August 2018 at the 2018 Societas Ethica Annual Conference, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 23th – 26th August 2018. Abstract In the first chapter of her “A Vindication of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39632418" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PDF-PowerPoint presentation of the talk I gave on Sunday, 26th August 2018 at the 2018 Societas Ethica Annual Conference, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 23th – 26th August 2018.<br />Abstract<br />In the first chapter of her “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman”, Mary Wollstonecraft defines human degrees of reason, virtue and knowledge as the instruments for measurement of human nature’s perfection. Reason, virtue and knowledge constitute, in Wollstonecraft’s intents, the new values that ought to promote a radical change, in general, in the whole human dimension and, in particular, in the woman’s sphere of life. In my contribution, I would like to analyse principles, contents and arguments present in Mary Wollstonecraft’s work “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman” – published in 1792 –, which constitutes one of the first texts – probably the first “manifesto” – of the feminist movement. I will also take into consideration Wollstonecraft’s work “A Vindication of the Rights of Men” in order to investigate the main points of Wollstonecraft’s criticism of Burke’s “Reflections on Revolution in France”. An initial, rather short part of my contribution will be dedicated to the presentation of the main events in Wollstonecraft’s life, in order to reconstruct at least some of the cultural and intellectual environments with which Mary Wollstonecraft came in contact during her life: Wollstonecraft’s role and contribution in the Enlightenment will thereby be described. Furthermore, the exposition of some biographical facts regarding Mary Wollstonecraft will aim at illustrating the dimensions of the hostile political and intellectual groups against which Mary Wollstonecraft had to fight in her life, since Wollstonecraft’s positions apparently belonged to an absolute minority as regards the spectrum of ideas of her times. The main aim of my investigation will consist in showing that both “Vindications” are expressions of a programme of radical modification of the society: The subjection of women in the `community is, in Wollstonecraft’s view, a part of the greater problem of the subjugated social community. Wollstonecraft expresses in her works an absolute denial of the traditional education of women: Wollstonecraft’s principal purpose is to promote the change of female education and the reform the social and political institution oppressing women. Women’s inclusion into public life can be reached, in the opinion of Mary Wollstonecraft, only through a common education for men and women; reform of the education of women means reform of the society.<br />We will see that one of the aims of Wollstonecraft lies in persuading women to abandon a false conception of the feminine nature in order to let them adopt the practical virtues of rationality, autonomy, and self-reliance. Wollstonecraft expresses her absolute denial of whichever categorization of women as creature of feeling rather than of reason. This point constitutes the first step, in Wollstonecraft meditation, towards a model and towards a proposal of a new education, in which women and men are given the same kind of education: education ought to produce in individual the attitudes to reason, to autonomy and to independence. The education to the attitude and the behaviour led by reason represents, in Wollstonecraft’s project, the opposition to the traditional cultivation, in the women’s sphere, of sensibility. The main principle of Wollstonecraft’s project of education consists in the persuasion that, without knowledge, there can be no morality: not sensibility, but reason ought to be the aim of the education itself. A method of education promoting sensibility in the individual can only produce mental instability in the individual; moreover, education tending to strengthening sensibility in women proves to be an agent in the diminution of value and in the consequent oppression of women. The duty of women consists, in Wollstonecraft’ view, in abandoning false femininity in order to reach the practical virtues of rationality, independence and self-reliance. The mind has no sex: There is no natural disposition because of which men are reason, and women are sensibility. This artificial distinction, which lies at the very origin of the oppression of women, is established only in the society: therefore, the society ought to be, in Wollstonecraft’s intents, profoundly reformed. I shall point out, furthermore, Wollstonecraft’s connections with the religious environment of her time. The religious roots of Mary Wollstonecraft’s thought will be, therefore, investigated in order to demonstrate that her thought was profoundly influenced by the religious background of that time: I will show that Wollstonecraft’s meditation cannot be interpreted without its connections with the positions of the radical dissenters. Moreover, utopian components are not extraneous to her theological conceptions. My analysis will, furthermore, concentrate on the reconstruction of Wollstonecraft’s polemical issues: therefore, I shall analyse Wollstonecraft’s criticism of, for instance, Rousseau’s and of Milton’s conception of the woman. As regards the connections of Mary Wollstonecraft with the feminist movement, the main question I shall propose in my contribution will consist in analysing whether the feminism model of Mary Wollstonecraft does or does not contain in itself a tension or even a contradiction between a possible radical feminism component and a more traditional component. Through her radical feminist component, Wollstonecraft undoubtedly denounces many forms of oppression of women. On the other hand, due to her traditional component, Wollstonecraft apparently binds the role of women, for instance, to the role of mothers, thus reaffirming the diversity, as to social duties and social self-realization, between men and women. In other words, the question will be whether Mary Wollstonecraft oscillates between models of radical, anti-patriarchal feminism and models of acceptance of separate spheres for male and women. The bibliographical studies on Mary Wollstonecraft will help in the analysis of the presence (or not) of this dilemma in her works.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39632418" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17a166769fb037303d19f3e9afe341ea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59792248,"asset_id":39632418,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59792248/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59703929" href="https://coimbra.academia.edu/GianluigiSegalerba">Gianluigi Segalerba</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59703929" type="text/json">{"id":59703929,"first_name":"Gianluigi","last_name":"Segalerba","domain_name":"coimbra","page_name":"GianluigiSegalerba","display_name":"Gianluigi Segalerba","profile_url":"https://coimbra.academia.edu/GianluigiSegalerba?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59703929/25722014/132028868/s65_gianluigi.segalerba.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39632418 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39632418"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39632418, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39632418", }); 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Reason, virtue and knowledge constitute, in Wollstonecraft’s intents, the new values that ought to promote a radical change, in general, in the whole human dimension and, in particular, in the woman’s sphere of life. In my contribution, I would like to analyse principles, contents and arguments present in Mary Wollstonecraft’s work “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman” – published in 1792 –, which constitutes one of the first texts – probably the first “manifesto” – of the feminist movement. I will also take into consideration Wollstonecraft’s work “A Vindication of the Rights of Men” in order to investigate the main points of Wollstonecraft’s criticism of Burke’s “Reflections on Revolution in France”. An initial, rather short part of my contribution will be dedicated to the presentation of the main events in Wollstonecraft’s life, in order to reconstruct at least some of the cultural and intellectual environments with which Mary Wollstonecraft came in contact during her life: Wollstonecraft’s role and contribution in the Enlightenment will thereby be described. Furthermore, the exposition of some biographical facts regarding Mary Wollstonecraft will aim at illustrating the dimensions of the hostile political and intellectual groups against which Mary Wollstonecraft had to fight in her life, since Wollstonecraft’s positions apparently belonged to an absolute minority as regards the spectrum of ideas of her times. The main aim of my investigation will consist in showing that both “Vindications” are expressions of a programme of radical modification of the society: The subjection of women in the `community is, in Wollstonecraft’s view, a part of the greater problem of the subjugated social community. Wollstonecraft expresses in her works an absolute denial of the traditional education of women: Wollstonecraft’s principal purpose is to promote the change of female education and the reform the social and political institution oppressing women. Women’s inclusion into public life can be reached, in the opinion of Mary Wollstonecraft, only through a common education for men and women; reform of the education of women means reform of the society.\nWe will see that one of the aims of Wollstonecraft lies in persuading women to abandon a false conception of the feminine nature in order to let them adopt the practical virtues of rationality, autonomy, and self-reliance. Wollstonecraft expresses her absolute denial of whichever categorization of women as creature of feeling rather than of reason. This point constitutes the first step, in Wollstonecraft meditation, towards a model and towards a proposal of a new education, in which women and men are given the same kind of education: education ought to produce in individual the attitudes to reason, to autonomy and to independence. The education to the attitude and the behaviour led by reason represents, in Wollstonecraft’s project, the opposition to the traditional cultivation, in the women’s sphere, of sensibility. The main principle of Wollstonecraft’s project of education consists in the persuasion that, without knowledge, there can be no morality: not sensibility, but reason ought to be the aim of the education itself. A method of education promoting sensibility in the individual can only produce mental instability in the individual; moreover, education tending to strengthening sensibility in women proves to be an agent in the diminution of value and in the consequent oppression of women. The duty of women consists, in Wollstonecraft’ view, in abandoning false femininity in order to reach the practical virtues of rationality, independence and self-reliance. The mind has no sex: There is no natural disposition because of which men are reason, and women are sensibility. This artificial distinction, which lies at the very origin of the oppression of women, is established only in the society: therefore, the society ought to be, in Wollstonecraft’s intents, profoundly reformed. I shall point out, furthermore, Wollstonecraft’s connections with the religious environment of her time. The religious roots of Mary Wollstonecraft’s thought will be, therefore, investigated in order to demonstrate that her thought was profoundly influenced by the religious background of that time: I will show that Wollstonecraft’s meditation cannot be interpreted without its connections with the positions of the radical dissenters. Moreover, utopian components are not extraneous to her theological conceptions. My analysis will, furthermore, concentrate on the reconstruction of Wollstonecraft’s polemical issues: therefore, I shall analyse Wollstonecraft’s criticism of, for instance, Rousseau’s and of Milton’s conception of the woman. As regards the connections of Mary Wollstonecraft with the feminist movement, the main question I shall propose in my contribution will consist in analysing whether the feminism model of Mary Wollstonecraft does or does not contain in itself a tension or even a contradiction between a possible radical feminism component and a more traditional component. Through her radical feminist component, Wollstonecraft undoubtedly denounces many forms of oppression of women. On the other hand, due to her traditional component, Wollstonecraft apparently binds the role of women, for instance, to the role of mothers, thus reaffirming the diversity, as to social duties and social self-realization, between men and women. In other words, the question will be whether Mary Wollstonecraft oscillates between models of radical, anti-patriarchal feminism and models of acceptance of separate spheres for male and women. The bibliographical studies on Mary Wollstonecraft will help in the analysis of the presence (or not) of this dilemma in her works.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59792248,"asset_id":39632418,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59703929,"first_name":"Gianluigi","last_name":"Segalerba","domain_name":"coimbra","page_name":"GianluigiSegalerba","display_name":"Gianluigi Segalerba","profile_url":"https://coimbra.academia.edu/GianluigiSegalerba?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59703929/25722014/132028868/s65_gianluigi.segalerba.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":4652,"name":"French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":6572,"name":"Edmund Burke","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edmund_Burke?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":10082,"name":"Richard Price","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Richard_Price?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":28769,"name":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":35674,"name":"Mary Wollstonecraft","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mary_Wollstonecraft?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":56379,"name":"Thomas Paine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Paine?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":189469,"name":"Rights of Working Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rights_of_Working_Women?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":3285864,"name":"Rational Dissenters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rational_Dissenters?f_ri=2361853"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21870929" data-work_id="21870929" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21870929/Challenging_the_Legitymacy_of_the_Law">Challenging the Legitymacy of the Law</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article is about the behaviour patterns that challenge the legitimacy of the law. The analysis focuses on the basic forms of questioning the legitimacy of such rights namely the right to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21870929" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article is about the behaviour patterns that challenge the legitimacy of the law. The analysis focuses on the basic forms of questioning the legitimacy of such rights namely the right to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution. The considerations made in this article are designed to synthetic analysis of the issues related to the questioning of state power by the citizens.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21870929" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b538d96c160701dc32ebdb03ec982f7b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42611507,"asset_id":21870929,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42611507/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27403809" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski">Marcin Konarski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27403809" type="text/json">{"id":27403809,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Konarski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarcinKonarski","display_name":"Marcin Konarski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27403809/9951826/36534761/s65_marcin.konarski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21870929 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21870929"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21870929, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21870929", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21870929]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21870929").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21870929").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21870929"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="547" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law">Constitutional Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="547" type="text/json">{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4652" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution">French Revolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4652" type="text/json">{"id":4652,"name":"French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7554" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Constitutional_Law">Comparative Constitutional Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7554" type="text/json">{"id":7554,"name":"Comparative Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Constitutional_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy">Democracy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17123" type="text/json">{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21870929]'), work: {"id":21870929,"title":"Challenging the Legitymacy of the Law","created_at":"2016-02-12T04:51:29.773-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21870929/Challenging_the_Legitymacy_of_the_Law?f_ri=2361853","dom_id":"work_21870929","summary":"This article is about the behaviour patterns that challenge the legitimacy of the law. The analysis focuses on the basic forms of questioning the legitimacy of such rights namely the right to resistance, civil disobedience and revolution. The considerations made in this article are designed to synthetic analysis of the issues related to the questioning of state power by the citizens.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42611507,"asset_id":21870929,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27403809,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Konarski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarcinKonarski","display_name":"Marcin Konarski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27403809/9951826/36534761/s65_marcin.konarski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":4652,"name":"French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":7554,"name":"Comparative Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Constitutional_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":21527,"name":"Constitutional Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Theory?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":31886,"name":"Radical Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Democracy?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":36742,"name":"Civil disobedience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_disobedience?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":81822,"name":"Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolution?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":368604,"name":"Self-Defence and the Right to Resist","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self-Defence_and_the_Right_to_Resist?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":1222785,"name":"Constitutional Law Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law_Theory?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50319438" data-work_id="50319438" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50319438/The_Dutch_Revolt_and_the_Confessional_Urge_to_Resistance_A_Case_Study_presented_at_Religion_and_Rebellion_Panel_European_Academy_Of_Religion_2020_Annual_Meeting_Bologna_FSCIRE_">The Dutch Revolt and the Confessional Urge to Resistance: A Case Study, presented at "Religion and Rebellion Panel" - European Academy Of Religion 2020 Annual Meeting, (Bologna - FSCIRE)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50319438" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df7aebf7d1ffb180d629b820b717d922" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68351255,"asset_id":50319438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Scigliano","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/AlbertoScigliano?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3067393/1008300/157213162/s65_alberto.scigliano.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50319438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50319438"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50319438, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50319438", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50319438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50319438; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50319438"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8004" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance_Social_">Resistance (Social)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8004" type="text/json">{"id":8004,"name":"Resistance (Social)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance_Social_?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26445" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism">Judaism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26445" type="text/json">{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44941" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Hebraism">Christian Hebraism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44941" type="text/json">{"id":44941,"name":"Christian Hebraism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Hebraism?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50319438]'), work: {"id":50319438,"title":"The Dutch Revolt and the Confessional Urge to Resistance: A Case Study, presented at \"Religion and Rebellion Panel\" - European Academy Of Religion 2020 Annual Meeting, (Bologna - FSCIRE)","created_at":"2021-07-28T03:14:43.992-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50319438/The_Dutch_Revolt_and_the_Confessional_Urge_to_Resistance_A_Case_Study_presented_at_Religion_and_Rebellion_Panel_European_Academy_Of_Religion_2020_Annual_Meeting_Bologna_FSCIRE_?f_ri=2361853","dom_id":"work_50319438","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68351255,"asset_id":50319438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3067393,"first_name":"Alberto","last_name":"Scigliano","domain_name":"unito","page_name":"AlbertoScigliano","display_name":"Alberto Scigliano","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/AlbertoScigliano?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3067393/1008300/157213162/s65_alberto.scigliano.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":8004,"name":"Resistance (Social)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance_Social_?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":44941,"name":"Christian Hebraism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Hebraism?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":86013,"name":"Dutch Revolt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dutch_Revolt?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46905641 coauthored" data-work_id="46905641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46905641/Lectures_on_Social_Contract_The_Ius_Resistendi_and_the_Politics_of_Rupture_Org_by_Rogerio_Tostes_and_Herm%C3%ADnia_Villar_CIDEHUS_Universidade_de_%C3%89vora_12_13_May_2021">Lectures on Social Contract: The 'Ius Resistendi' and the Politics of Rupture. Org. by Rogerio Tostes and Hermínia Villar, CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora, 12-13 May 2021.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The long history of the polysemy of terms such as rebellion, revolt, resistance (and even revolution...) is at the crossing of the narratives about the political contract established between the people and the sovereign that marks the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46905641" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The long history of the polysemy of terms such as rebellion, revolt, resistance (and even revolution...) is at the crossing of the narratives about the political contract established between the people and the sovereign that marks the nation's genesis as a complete spiritual unity. In the test of time, ius resistendi has taken on an indisputable place in European legal culture, but its application – even as a rupture – did not intend to eradicate the current order, but instead to bring about its restoration. As medieval people’s experience had made clear, the abuse of power is an intrinsic reason for its apprehension in time, so the right/duty to resist was imposed as a condition of man’s historical nature. Even though this notion was banned by liberal ideas of the modern state, the questions about the validity of any lawful act of resisting tyrannical power remained.<br /> Aware of these sensitivities, this seminar proposes a (re)encounter with the contract's historical experiences and its rupture. These two historical subjects offer a reflective value regarding open categories in the republican doctrine descending from Aristotelian Thomism and the jurists of the 12th through 17th centuries. Not by chance, these categories entice the curiosity of the public debate about the limits of the state and civil society. This seminar intends to propose a historical balance of these forms of existence in a re-encounter with the experiences from late medieval period and first modernity.<br /> In this first edition, we have guests from different countries, specialists in medieval and modern Europe and the colonial world. These works aim to address the forms of resistance and negotiation, the elaboration of historical narratives and the genesis of constitutional vocabularies. All of this applied to the case studies on decision-making practices and contractual scopes that delimit local and general political structures that preceded modern states.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46905641" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd49c3bf32441e99223b08f8fe9c660a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66378337,"asset_id":46905641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66378337/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="845038" href="https://lleida.academia.edu/RogerioRTostes">Rogerio Tostes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="845038" type="text/json">{"id":845038,"first_name":"Rogerio","last_name":"Tostes","domain_name":"lleida","page_name":"RogerioRTostes","display_name":"Rogerio Tostes","profile_url":"https://lleida.academia.edu/RogerioRTostes?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/845038/298625/131794163/s65_roger.ribeiro.jpeg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-46905641">+7</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-46905641"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://universiteitgent.academia.edu/LeenBervoets">Leen Bervoets</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ucm.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9LuisEg%C3%ADoGarc%C3%ADa">José Luis Egío García</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://urjc.academia.edu/PedroMart%C3%ADnezGarc%C3%ADa">Pedro Martínez García</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://trieste.academia.edu/PaoloEvangelisti">Paolo Evangelisti</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unibo.academia.edu/AngelaDeBenedictis">Angela De Benedictis</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cordoba.academia.edu/CarlosMateoMart%C3%ADnezRuiz">Carlos Mateo Martínez Ruiz</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uib.academia.edu/Juli%C3%A1nValle">Julián Valle</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-46905641'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-46905641').html(); 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Org. by Rogerio Tostes and Hermínia Villar, CIDEHUS-Universidade de Évora, 12-13 May 2021.","created_at":"2021-04-16T09:04:29.176-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46905641/Lectures_on_Social_Contract_The_Ius_Resistendi_and_the_Politics_of_Rupture_Org_by_Rogerio_Tostes_and_Herm%C3%ADnia_Villar_CIDEHUS_Universidade_de_%C3%89vora_12_13_May_2021?f_ri=2361853","dom_id":"work_46905641","summary":"The long history of the polysemy of terms such as rebellion, revolt, resistance (and even revolution...) is at the crossing of the narratives about the political contract established between the people and the sovereign that marks the nation's genesis as a complete spiritual unity. In the test of time, ius resistendi has taken on an indisputable place in European legal culture, but its application – even as a rupture – did not intend to eradicate the current order, but instead to bring about its restoration. As medieval people’s experience had made clear, the abuse of power is an intrinsic reason for its apprehension in time, so the right/duty to resist was imposed as a condition of man’s historical nature. Even though this notion was banned by liberal ideas of the modern state, the questions about the validity of any lawful act of resisting tyrannical power remained.\n\tAware of these sensitivities, this seminar proposes a (re)encounter with the contract's historical experiences and its rupture. These two historical subjects offer a reflective value regarding open categories in the republican doctrine descending from Aristotelian Thomism and the jurists of the 12th through 17th centuries. Not by chance, these categories entice the curiosity of the public debate about the limits of the state and civil society. This seminar intends to propose a historical balance of these forms of existence in a re-encounter with the experiences from late medieval period and first modernity.\n\tIn this first edition, we have guests from different countries, specialists in medieval and modern Europe and the colonial world. These works aim to address the forms of resistance and negotiation, the elaboration of historical narratives and the genesis of constitutional vocabularies. All of this applied to the case studies on decision-making practices and contractual scopes that delimit local and general political structures that preceded modern states.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66378337,"asset_id":46905641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":845038,"first_name":"Rogerio","last_name":"Tostes","domain_name":"lleida","page_name":"RogerioRTostes","display_name":"Rogerio Tostes","profile_url":"https://lleida.academia.edu/RogerioRTostes?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/845038/298625/131794163/s65_roger.ribeiro.jpeg"},{"id":44763795,"first_name":"Leen","last_name":"Bervoets","domain_name":"universiteitgent","page_name":"LeenBervoets","display_name":"Leen Bervoets","profile_url":"https://universiteitgent.academia.edu/LeenBervoets?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44763795/11893866/14197898/s65_leen.bervoets.png"},{"id":101471235,"first_name":"José Luis","last_name":"Egío García","domain_name":"ucm","page_name":"JoséLuisEgíoGarcía","display_name":"José Luis Egío García","profile_url":"https://ucm.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9LuisEg%C3%ADoGarc%C3%ADa?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101471235/39839394/32834828/s65_jos_luis.eg_o_garc_a.jpg"},{"id":33170894,"first_name":"Pedro","last_name":"Martínez García","domain_name":"urjc","page_name":"PedroMartínezGarcía","display_name":"Pedro Martínez García","profile_url":"https://urjc.academia.edu/PedroMart%C3%ADnezGarc%C3%ADa?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33170894/10304758/17914248/s65_pedro.mart_nez_garc_a.jpg"},{"id":7753302,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Evangelisti","domain_name":"trieste","page_name":"PaoloEvangelisti","display_name":"Paolo Evangelisti","profile_url":"https://trieste.academia.edu/PaoloEvangelisti?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7753302/3615194/4240664/s65_paolo.evangelisti.png"},{"id":8557967,"first_name":"Angela","last_name":"De Benedictis","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"AngelaDeBenedictis","display_name":"Angela De Benedictis","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/AngelaDeBenedictis?f_ri=2361853","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":1283290,"first_name":"Carlos Mateo","last_name":"Martínez Ruiz","domain_name":"cordoba","page_name":"CarlosMateoMartínezRuiz","display_name":"Carlos Mateo Martínez Ruiz","profile_url":"https://cordoba.academia.edu/CarlosMateoMart%C3%ADnezRuiz?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1283290/2077145/20051480/s65_carlos_mateo.mart_nez_ruiz.png"},{"id":2712121,"first_name":"Julián","last_name":"Valle","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"JuliánValle","display_name":"Julián Valle","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/Juli%C3%A1nValle?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2712121/991850/19358225/s65_juli_n.valle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":2934,"name":"Social Contract Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Contract_Theory?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":8145,"name":"Power and Authority in the Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_and_Authority_in_the_Middle_Ages?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59837837" data-work_id="59837837" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59837837/Vattels_Theory_of_the_Social_Contract_in_Concepts_and_Contexts_of_Vattels_Legal_Thought_ed_by_P_Schr%C3%B6der_Cambridge_University_Press_2021">Vattel's Theory of the Social Contract, in Concepts and Contexts of Vattel's Legal Thought, ed. by P. Schröder, Cambridge University Press, 2021</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59837837" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c533f6365c553d6bdfe72420a8b02b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73553917,"asset_id":59837837,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73553917/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9365188" href="https://unipmn.academia.edu/GabriellaSilvestrini">Gabriella Silvestrini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9365188" type="text/json">{"id":9365188,"first_name":"Gabriella","last_name":"Silvestrini","domain_name":"unipmn","page_name":"GabriellaSilvestrini","display_name":"Gabriella Silvestrini","profile_url":"https://unipmn.academia.edu/GabriellaSilvestrini?f_ri=2361853","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59837837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59837837"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59837837, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59837837", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59837837]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59837837").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59837837").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59837837"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2934" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Contract_Theory">Social Contract Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2934" type="text/json">{"id":2934,"name":"Social Contract Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Contract_Theory?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23504" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Wolff">Christian Wolff</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23504" type="text/json">{"id":23504,"name":"Christian Wolff","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Wolff?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28769" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28769" type="text/json">{"id":28769,"name":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59837837]'), work: {"id":59837837,"title":"Vattel's Theory of the Social Contract, in Concepts and Contexts of Vattel's Legal Thought, ed. by P. Schröder, Cambridge University Press, 2021","created_at":"2021-10-24T12:32:19.889-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59837837/Vattels_Theory_of_the_Social_Contract_in_Concepts_and_Contexts_of_Vattels_Legal_Thought_ed_by_P_Schr%C3%B6der_Cambridge_University_Press_2021?f_ri=2361853","dom_id":"work_59837837","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73553917,"asset_id":59837837,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9365188,"first_name":"Gabriella","last_name":"Silvestrini","domain_name":"unipmn","page_name":"GabriellaSilvestrini","display_name":"Gabriella Silvestrini","profile_url":"https://unipmn.academia.edu/GabriellaSilvestrini?f_ri=2361853","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2934,"name":"Social Contract Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Contract_Theory?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":23504,"name":"Christian Wolff","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Wolff?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":28769,"name":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":437694,"name":"Emer de Vattel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emer_de_Vattel?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":478898,"name":"The Law of Nations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Law_of_Nations?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36277552" data-work_id="36277552" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36277552/Legal_Aspects_of_Armed_Resistance">Legal Aspects of Armed Resistance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of this article is to analyse legal aspects of armed resistance movements with a focus on the legal status of the partisan and the legal nature of a civil war. In the light of the norms of international law, both the status of a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36277552" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this article is to analyse legal aspects of armed resistance movements with a focus on the legal status of the partisan and the legal nature of a civil war. In the light of the norms of international law, both the status of a partisan and the nature of a civil war is, from the point of view of this analysis, connected with, inter alia, international recognition and military occupation, which constitute a significant part of the investigations in this article, synthetically analysing the activity of the Polish resistance movement against the illegal communist rule after 1945 (the so-called “cursed soldiers”). Apart from the analysis of international and domestic legal norms and their interpretation, the article refers to the history of the evolution of the legal status and the theory of the partisan.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36277552" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7fc00f679453b6650d3031fb73006602" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56182515,"asset_id":36277552,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56182515/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27403809" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski">Marcin Konarski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27403809" type="text/json">{"id":27403809,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Konarski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarcinKonarski","display_name":"Marcin Konarski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27403809/9951826/36534761/s65_marcin.konarski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36277552 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36277552"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36277552, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36277552", }); 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In the light of the norms of international law, both the status of a partisan and the nature of a civil war is, from the point of view of this analysis, connected with, inter alia, international recognition and military occupation, which constitute a significant part of the investigations in this article, synthetically analysing the activity of the Polish resistance movement against the illegal communist rule after 1945 (the so-called “cursed soldiers”). Apart from the analysis of international and domestic legal norms and their interpretation, the article refers to the history of the evolution of the legal status and the theory of the partisan. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56182515,"asset_id":36277552,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27403809,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Konarski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarcinKonarski","display_name":"Marcin Konarski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarcinKonarski?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27403809/9951826/36534761/s65_marcin.konarski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":6225,"name":"Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_War?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":7560,"name":"Public International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_International_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":11665,"name":"International Humanitarian Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Humanitarian_Law?f_ri=2361853","nofollow":false},{"id":14247,"name":"Laws of War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laws_of_War?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":68003,"name":"Resistance Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance_Movements?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":96098,"name":"Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2361853,"name":"Right to Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Right_to_Resistance?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2574774,"name":"Polish underground state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polish_underground_state?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2574775,"name":"Polish underground movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polish_underground_movement?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2649083,"name":"Cursed soldiers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cursed_soldiers?f_ri=2361853"},{"id":2922150,"name":"partisan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/partisan?f_ri=2361853"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38476894" data-work_id="38476894" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38476894/J_Oniszczuk_Tragedia_hybris_i_powszechna_zasada_niekrzywdzenia_Pa%C5%84stwo_Prawne_nr_1_8_2018_s_65_100">J. Oniszczuk, Tragedia hybris i powszechna zasada niekrzywdzenia, "Państwo Prawne" nr 1 (8) 2018, s. 65-100</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38476894" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c0d3e2b77f7029a2963bb377bb42166" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58542523,"asset_id":38476894,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58542523/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NTI0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="63044583" href="https://sgh-pl.academia.edu/JerzyOniszczuk">Jerzy Oniszczuk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="63044583" type="text/json">{"id":63044583,"first_name":"Jerzy","last_name":"Oniszczuk","domain_name":"sgh-pl","page_name":"JerzyOniszczuk","display_name":"Jerzy Oniszczuk","profile_url":"https://sgh-pl.academia.edu/JerzyOniszczuk?f_ri=2361853","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/63044583/16361073/16744405/s65_jerzy.oniszczuk.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38476894 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38476894"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38476894, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38476894", }); 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