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holding cost</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: inventory holding cost"> <meta name="keywords" content="inventory holding cost"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="inventory holding cost"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7035</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: inventory holding cost</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6765</span> Reactive Power Cost Evaluation with FACTS Devices in Restructured Power System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Walkey">A. S. Walkey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20P.%20Patidar"> N. P. Patidar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is not always economical to provide reactive power using synchronous alternators. The cost of reactive power can be minimized by optimal placing of FACTS devices in power systems. In this paper a Particle Swarm Optimization- Sequential Quadratic Programming (PSO-SQP) algorithm is applied to minimize the cost of reactive power generation along with real power generation to alleviate the bus voltage violations. The effectiveness of proposed approach tested on IEEE-14 bus systems. In this paper in addition to synchronous generators, an opportunity of FACTS devices are also proposed to procure the reactive power demands in the power system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20power" title="reactive power">reactive power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20power%20cost" title=" reactive power cost"> reactive power cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20security%20margins" title=" voltage security margins"> voltage security margins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capability%20curve" title=" capability curve"> capability curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FACTS%20devices" title=" FACTS devices"> FACTS devices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16924/reactive-power-cost-evaluation-with-facts-devices-in-restructured-power-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6764</span> Improving Cost and Time Control of Construction Projects Management Practices in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Yakubu">Mustapha Yakubu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Usman"> Ahmed Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashim%20%20Ambursa"> Hashim Ambursa </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the findings of a research which sought to investigate techniques used to improve cost and time control of construction projects management practice in Nigeria. However, there is limited research on issues surrounding the practical usage of these techniques. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to construction experts through a survey conducted on the 100 construction organisations and 50 construction consultancy firms in the Nigeria aimed at identifying common project cost and time control practices and factors inhibiting effective project control in practice. The study reveals that despite the vast application of control techniques a high proportion of respondents still experienced cost and time overruns on a significant proportion of their projects. Analysis of the survey results concluded that more effort should be geared at the management of the identified top project control inhibiting factors. This paper has outlined some measures for mitigating these inhibiting factors so that the outcome of project time and cost control can be improved in practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20project" title="construction project">construction project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20control" title=" cost control"> cost control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20control" title=" time control"> time control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36845/improving-cost-and-time-control-of-construction-projects-management-practices-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6763</span> The Effects of Aging on the Cost of Operating and Support: An Empirical Study Applied to Weapon Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungchae%20Kim">Byungchae Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiwoo%20Nam"> Jiwoo Nam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aging of weapon systems can cause the failure and degeneration of components which results in increase of operating and support costs. However, whether this aging effect is significantly strong and it influences a lot on national defense spending due to the rapid increase in operating and support (O&S) costs is questionable. To figure out this, we conduct a literature review analyzing the aging effect of US weapon systems. We also conduct an empirical research using a maintenance database of Korean weapon systems, Defense Logistics Integrated Information System (DAIIS). We run regression of various types of O&S cost on weapon system age to investigate the statistical significance of aging effect and use generalized linear model to find relations between the failure of different priced components and the age. Our major finding is although aging effect exists, its impacts on weapon system cost seem to be not too large considering several characteristics of O&S cost elements not relying on the age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%26S%20cost" title="O&S cost">O&S cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20effect" title=" aging effect"> aging effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weapon%20system" title=" weapon system"> weapon system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GLM" title=" GLM"> GLM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121195/the-effects-of-aging-on-the-cost-of-operating-and-support-an-empirical-study-applied-to-weapon-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6762</span> The Effect of Applying the Electronic Supply System on the Performance of the Supply Chain in Health Organizations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameh%20S.%20Namnqani">Sameh S. Namnqani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaqoob%20Y.%20Abobakar"> Yaqoob Y. Abobakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Alsewehri"> Ahmed M. Alsewehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20M.%20AlQethami"> Khaled M. AlQethami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this research is to know the impact of the application of the electronic supply system on the performance of the supply department of health organizations. To reach this goal, the study adopted independent variables to measure the dependent variable (performance of the supply department), namely: integration with suppliers, integration with intermediaries and distributors and knowledge of supply size, inventory, and demand. The study used the descriptive method and was aided by the questionnaire tool that was distributed to a sample of workers in the Supply Chain Management Department of King Abdullah Medical City. After the statistical analysis, the results showed that: The 70 sample members strongly agree with the (electronic integration with suppliers) axis with a p-value of 0.001, especially with regard to the following: Opening formal and informal communication channels between management and suppliers (Mean 4.59) and exchanging information with suppliers with transparency and clarity (Mean 4.50). It also clarified that the sample members agree on the axis of (electronic integration with brokers and distributors) with a p-value of 0.001 and this is represented in the following elements: Exchange of information between management, brokers and distributors with transparency, clarity (Mean 4.18) , and finding a close cooperation relationship between management, brokers and distributors (Mean 4.13). The results also indicated that the respondents agreed to some extent on the axis (knowledge of the size of supply, stock, and demand) with a p-value of 0.001. It also indicated that the respondents strongly agree with the existence of a relationship between electronic procurement and (the performance of the procurement department in health organizations) with a p-value of 0.001, which is represented in the following: transparency and clarity in dealing with suppliers and intermediaries to prevent fraud and manipulation (Mean 4.50) and reduce the costs of supplying the needs of the health organization (Mean 4.50). From the results, the study recommended several recommendations, the most important of which are: that health organizations work to increase the level of information sharing between them and suppliers in order to achieve the implementation of electronic procurement in the supply management of health organizations. Attention to using electronic data interchange methods and using modern programs that make supply management able to exchange information with brokers and distributors to find out the volume of supply, inventory, and demand. To know the volume of supply, inventory, and demand, it recommended the application of scientific methods of supply for storage. Take advantage of information technology, for example, electronic data exchange techniques and documents, where it can help in contact with suppliers, brokers, and distributors, and know the volume of supply, inventory, and demand, which contributes to improving the performance of the supply department in health organizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20supply%20chain" title="healthcare supply chain">healthcare supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20system" title=" electronic system"> electronic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ERP" title=" ERP"> ERP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142702/the-effect-of-applying-the-electronic-supply-system-on-the-performance-of-the-supply-chain-in-health-organizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6761</span> Cost Benefit Analysis of Adoption of Climate Change Adaptation Options among Rural Rice Farmers in Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niranjan%20Devkota">Niranjan Devkota </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ram%20Kumar%20Phuya"> Ram Kumar Phuya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Durga%20Lal%20Shreshta"> Durga Lal Shreshta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper estimates cost and benefit of adoption of climate change adaptation options available to the rural rice farmers of Nepal. Adoption of adaptation strategies, intensity of use of adaptation options, identification of labor and non-labor cost and finally per unit cost and benefit analysis of climate change adaptation were made. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to source respondents for the study and used structured questionnaire techniques to collect data from 773 households from seven districts; 3 from Terai and 4 from Hilly region of Nepal. The result revealed that there are 13 major adaptation options rice farmers practice in order to protect themselves from climatic risk. Among the given adaptation options, the first three popular adaptation options practiced by rice farmers are (i) increasing use of chemical fertilizer (60.93%) (ii) use of climate smart verities (49.29%) and (iii) change in nursery date (32.08%). Adaptation cost is obvious, based on that, the first three costly adaptation options are the alternative irrigation practice which incurred average cost of US $69.95 (US$ 1 = 102.84 Nepalese Rupees) followed by a denser plantation of local seeds ($ 20.69) and using climate smart varieties ($ 18.06). 88% farmers practiced more than one adaptation strategies on the same farm with the aim of reducing the effect of extreme climatic conditions. Total cost and revenue revealed that per unit total cost ranges from $28.34 to $32.79 whereas per unit total revenue ranges $33.4 to $49.02. Surprisingly, it is observed that farmers who do not adopt any adaptation options are able to receive highest income from per unit production. As Net Present Value (NPV) is positive and Benefit Cost Ration (BCR) is greater than one for every adaptation options that indicates the available adaptation options are profitable to the rice farmers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation%20options" title=" adaptation options"> adaptation options</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20benefit%20analysis" title=" cost benefit analysis"> cost benefit analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20rice%20farmers" title=" rural rice farmers"> rural rice farmers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81059/cost-benefit-analysis-of-adoption-of-climate-change-adaptation-options-among-rural-rice-farmers-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6760</span> Techno-Economic Analysis of the Production of Aniline</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharshini%20M.">Dharshini M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hema%20N.%20S."> Hema N. S.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The project for the production of aniline is done by providing 295.46 tons per day of nitrobenzene as feed. The material and energy balance calculations for the different equipment like distillation column, heat exchangers, reactor and mixer are carried out with simulation via DWSIM. The conversion of nitrobenzene to aniline by hydrogenation process is considered to be 96% and the total production of the plant was found to be 215 TPD. The cost estimation of the process is carried out to estimate the feasibility of the plant. The net profit and percentage return of investment is estimated to be ₹27 crores and 24.6%. The payback period was estimated to be 4.05 years and the unit production cost is ₹113/kg. A techno-economic analysis was performed for the production of aniline; the result includes economic analysis and sensitivity analysis of critical factors. From economic analysis, larger the plant scale increases the total capital investment and annual operating cost, even though the unit production cost decreases. Uncertainty analysis was performed to predict the influence of economic factors on profitability and the scenario analysis is one way to quantify uncertainty. In scenario analysis the best-case scenario and the worst-case scenario are compared with the base case scenario. The best-case scenario was found at a feed rate of 120 kmol/hr with a unit production cost of ₹112.05/kg and the worst-case scenario was found at a feed rate of 60 kmol/hr with a unit production cost of ₹115.9/kg. The base case is closely related to the best case by 99.2% in terms of unit production cost. since the unit production cost is less and the profitability is more with less payback time, it is feasible to construct a plant at this capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aniline" title="aniline">aniline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrobenzene" title=" nitrobenzene"> nitrobenzene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20analysis" title=" economic analysis"> economic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unit%20production%20cost" title=" unit production cost"> unit production cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149349/techno-economic-analysis-of-the-production-of-aniline" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6759</span> Apps Reduce the Cost of Construction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mohammadi">Ali Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Every construction that is done, the most important part of attention for employers and contractors is its cost, and they always try to reduce costs so that they can compete in the market, so they estimate the cost of construction before starting their activities. The costs can be generally divided into four parts: the materials used, the equipment used, the manpower required, and the time required. In this article, we are trying to talk about the three items of equipment, manpower, and time, and examine how the use of apps can reduce the cost of construction, while due to various reasons, it has received less attention in the field of app design. Also, because we intend to use these apps in construction and they are used by engineers and experts, we define these apps as engineering apps because the idea of their design must be by an engineer who works in that field. Also, considering that most engineers are familiar with programming during their studies, they can design the apps they need using simple programming software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layout" title="layout">layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=as-bilt" title=" as-bilt"> as-bilt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maps" title=" maps"> maps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183643/apps-reduce-the-cost-of-construction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183643.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6758</span> Rapid Inventory of Terrestrial Ferns and Lycopods in Center for Ecological Development and Recreation (Cedar), Impalutao, Impasug-Ong Bukidnon, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diobein%20Flores">Diobein Flores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venus%20Buagas"> Venus Buagas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virgie%20Darunday"> Virgie Darunday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study inventoried the species composition of terrestrial ferns and lycopods in Center for Ecological Development and Recreation (CEDAR) Impalutao, Impasug-ong, Bukidnon. Specifically, it aimed to determine and describe the species composition, and diagnostic characters of the ferns and lycopods in the study site. Transect walk method was employed in the inventory of the species. Each species were classified, identified and described according to its diagnostic characters. Results of the study revealed a total of 20 species of ferns and lycopods. Of these, 18 species were ferns and 2 species were lycopods. Eleven (11) families and fifteen (15) genera for ferns and one (1) family and one (1) genera for lycopods. Psomiocarpa apifolia is Philippine endemic and said to be vulnerable or threatened. Taxonomic characters based on habit, rhizome, leaf arrangement and orientation, stem structure and circinate vernation were used to identify the terrestrial pteridophtyes into families, genera and species. The species collected and assessment in CEDAR should be further investigated and monitor their conservation status. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha%20taxonomy" title="alpha taxonomy">alpha taxonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=habit" title=" habit"> habit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxonomic%20characters" title=" taxonomic characters"> taxonomic characters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56000/rapid-inventory-of-terrestrial-ferns-and-lycopods-in-center-for-ecological-development-and-recreation-cedar-impalutao-impasug-ong-bukidnon-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6757</span> A Solution for Production Facility Assignment: An Automotive Subcontract Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cihan%20%C3%87etinkaya">Cihan Çetinkaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eren%20%C3%96zceylan"> Eren Özceylan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerem%20Elibal"> Kerem Elibal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a solution method for selection of production facility. The motivation has been taken from a real life case, an automotive subcontractor which has two production facilities at different cities and parts. The problem is to decide which part(s) should be produced at which facility. To the best of our knowledge, until this study, there was no scientific approach about this problem at the firm and decisions were being given intuitively. In this study, some logistic cost parameters have been defined and with these parameters a mathematical model has been constructed. Defined and collected cost parameters are handling cost of parts, shipment cost of parts and shipment cost of welding fixtures. Constructed multi-objective mathematical model aims to minimize these costs while aims to balance the workload between two locations. Results showed that defined model can give optimum solutions in reasonable computing times. Also, this result gave encouragement to develop the model with addition of new logistic cost parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20subcontract" title="automotive subcontract">automotive subcontract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facility%20assignment" title=" facility assignment"> facility assignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20costs" title=" logistic costs"> logistic costs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20models" title=" multi-objective models"> multi-objective models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68574/a-solution-for-production-facility-assignment-an-automotive-subcontract-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6756</span> An Architecture Framework for Design of Assembly Expert System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Fai%20Tan">Chee Fai Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20S.%20Wahidin"> L. S. Wahidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Khalil"> S. N. Khalil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, manufacturing cost is one of the important factors that will affect the product cost as well as company profit. There are many methods that have been used to reduce the manufacturing cost in order for a company to stay competitive. One of the factors that effect manufacturing cost is the time. Expert system can be used as a method to reduce the manufacturing time. The purpose of the expert system is to diagnose and solve the problem of design of assembly. The paper describes an architecture framework for design of assembly expert system that focuses on commercial vehicle seat manufacturing industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20of%20assembly" title="design of assembly">design of assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20system" title=" expert system"> expert system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20seat" title=" vehicle seat"> vehicle seat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20engineering" title=" mechanical engineering"> mechanical engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7387/an-architecture-framework-for-design-of-assembly-expert-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6755</span> Mixed Integer Programing for Multi-Tier Rebate with Discontinuous Cost Function</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Long">Y. Long</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Liu"> L. Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20V.%20Branin"> K. V. Branin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One challenge faced by procurement decision-maker during the acquisition process is how to compare similar products from different suppliers and allocate orders among different products or services. This work focuses on allocating orders among multiple suppliers considering rebate. The objective function is to minimize the total acquisition cost including purchasing cost and rebate benefit. Rebate benefit is complex and difficult to estimate at the ordering step. Rebate rules vary for different suppliers and usually change over time. In this work, we developed a system to collect the rebate policies, standardized the rebate policies and developed two-stage optimization models for ordering allocation. Rebate policy with multi-tiers is considered in modeling. The discontinuous cost function of rebate benefit is formulated for different scenarios. A piecewise linear function is used to approximate the discontinuous cost function of rebate benefit. And a Mixed Integer Programing (MIP) model is built for order allocation problem with multi-tier rebate. A case study is presented and it shows that our optimization model can reduce the total acquisition cost by considering rebate rules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discontinuous%20cost%20function" title="discontinuous cost function">discontinuous cost function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20integer%20programming" title=" mixed integer programming"> mixed integer programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procurement" title=" procurement"> procurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rebate" title=" rebate"> rebate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84161/mixed-integer-programing-for-multi-tier-rebate-with-discontinuous-cost-function" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6754</span> Cost Analysis of Neglected Tropical Disease in Nigeria: Implication for Programme Control and Elimination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lawong%20Damian%20Bernsah">Lawong Damian Bernsah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are most predominant among the poor and rural populations and are endemic in 149 countries. These diseases are the most prevalent and responsible for infecting 1.4 billion people worldwide. There are 17 neglected tropical diseases recognized by WHO that constitute the fourth largest disease health and economic burden of all communicable diseases. Five of these 17 diseases are considered for the cost analysis of this paper: lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, trachoma, schistosomiasis, and soil transmitted helminth infections. WHO has proposed a roadmap for eradication and elimination by 2020 and treatments have been donated through the London Declaration by pharmaceutical manufacturers. The paper estimates the cost of NTD control programme and elimination for each NTD disease and total in Nigeria. This is necessary as it forms the bases upon which programme budget and expenditure could be based. Again, given the opportunity cost the resources for NTD face it is necessary to estimate the cost so as to provide bases for comparison. Cost of NTDs control and elimination programme is estimated using the population at risk for each NTD diseases and for the total. The population at risk is gotten from the national master plan for the 2015 - 2020, while the cost per person was gotten for similar studies conducted in similar settings and ranges from US$0.1 to US$0.5 for Mass Administration of Medicine (MAM) and between US$1 to US$1.5 for each NTD disease. The combined cost for all the NTDs was estimated to be US$634.88 million for the period 2015-2020 and US$1.9 billion for each NTD disease for the same period. For the purpose of sensitivity analysis and for robustness of the analysis the cost per person was varied and all were still high. Given that health expenditure for Nigeria (% of GDP) averages 3.5% for the period 1995-2014, it is very clear that efforts have to be made to improve allocation to the health sector in general which is hoped could trickle to NTDs control and elimination. Thus, the government and the donor partners would need to step-up budgetary allocation and also to be aware of the costs of NTD control and elimination programme since they have alternative uses. Key Words: Neglected Tropical Disease, Cost Analysis, NTD Programme Control and Elimination, Cost per Person <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neglected%20Tropical%20Disease" title="Neglected Tropical Disease">Neglected Tropical Disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cost%20Analysis" title=" Cost Analysis"> Cost Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neglected%20Tropical%20Disease%20Programme%20Control%20and%20Elimination" title=" Neglected Tropical Disease Programme Control and Elimination"> Neglected Tropical Disease Programme Control and Elimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cost%20per%20Person" title=" Cost per Person"> Cost per Person</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66494/cost-analysis-of-neglected-tropical-disease-in-nigeria-implication-for-programme-control-and-elimination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6753</span> Developing a Mathematical Model for Trade-Off Analysis of New Green Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Gholizadeh">M. R. Gholizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Bhuiyan"> N. Bhuiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salari"> M. Salari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the near future, companies will be increasingly forced to shift their activities along a new road in order to decrease the harmful effects of their design, production and after-life on our environment. Products must meet environmental standards to not only prevent penalties but to consider the sustainability for future generations. However, the most important factor that companies will face is selecting a reasonable strategy to maximize their profit. Thus, companies need to have precise forecast from their profit after design stage through Trade-off analysis. This paper is an attempt to introduce a mathematical model that considers effective factors that impact the total profit when products are designed for resource and energy efficiency or recyclability. The modification is according to different strategies based on a Cost-Volume-Profit model. Here, the cost structure consists of Recycling cost, Development cost, Ramp-up cost, Production cost, and Pollution cost. Also, the model shows the effect of implementation of design for recyclable on revenue structure through revenue of used parts and revenue of recycled materials. A numerical example is used to evaluate the proposed model. Results show that fulfillment of Green Product Development not only can reduce the environmental impact of products but also it will increase profit of company in long term. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20product" title="green product">green product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20for%20environment" title=" design for environment"> design for environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-V-P%20model" title=" C-V-P model"> C-V-P model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trade-off%20analysis" title=" trade-off analysis"> trade-off analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12399/developing-a-mathematical-model-for-trade-off-analysis-of-new-green-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6752</span> A Global Fuel Combustion Data Product and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Tao">Shu Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rong%20Wang"> Rong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huizhong%20Shen"> Huizhong Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye%20Huang"> Ye Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-resolution mapping of fuel combustion is essential for reducing uncertainties in assessments of greenhouse gases and air pollutant emissions. Such inventories provide valuable information for inferring carbon sinks, modeling pollutant transport, and developing control strategies. Previous inventories included only a few fuel types and were derived using national population proxies which may distort the geographical variation within countries. In this study, a global 0.1 degree by 0.1 degree geo-referenced inventory of fuel combustion (PKU-FUEL-2007) was developed for 64 fuel sub-types along with uncertainty analysis for the year 2007. Sub-national fuel consumption of large countries and major power-station locations were used. The disaggregation error can be reduced significantly by using the sub-nationally energy data, because the uneven distribution of per-capita fuel consumption within countries is taken into consideration. The PKU-FUEL was used to generate global emission inventories of CO2 (PKU-CO2-2007), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PKU-PAHs-2007), and black carbons (PKU-BC-2007). Atmospheric transport modeling and expsoure assessment were conducted for BC and PAHs based on the inventory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel" title="fuel">fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title=" emission"> emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BC" title=" BC"> BC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAHs" title=" PAHs"> PAHs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20transport" title=" atmospheric transport"> atmospheric transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exposure" title=" exposure"> exposure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5743/a-global-fuel-combustion-data-product-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6751</span> Carcass Characteristics and Qualities of Philippine White Mallard (Anas boschas L.) and Pekin (Anas platyrhynchos L.) Duck</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerico%20M.%20Consolacion">Jerico M. Consolacion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Cynthia%20R.%20Oliveros"> Maria Cynthia R. Oliveros </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Philippine White Mallard duck was compared with Pekin duck for potential meat production. A total of 50 ducklings were randomly assigned to five (5) pens per treatment after one month of brooding. Each pen containing five (5) ducks was considered as a replicate. The ducks were raised until 12 weeks of age and slaughtered at the end of the growing period. Meat from both breeds was analyzed. The data were subjected to the Independent-Sample T-test at 5% level of confidence. Results showed that post-mortem pH (0, 20 minutes, 50 minutes, 1 hour and 20 minutes, 1 hour and 50 minutes, and 24 hours ) did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between breeds. However, Pekin ducks (89.84±0.71) had a significantly higher water-holding capacity than Philippine White Mallard ducks (87.93±0.63) (P<0.05). Also, meat color (CIE L, a, b) revealed that no significant differences among the lightness, redness, and yellowness of the skin (breast) in both breeds (P>0.05) except for the yellowness of the lean muscles of the Pekin duck breast. Pekin duck meat (1.15±0.04) had significantly higher crude fat content than Philippine White Mallard (0.47±0.58). The study clearly showed that breed is a factor and provided some pronounced effects among the parameters. However, these results are considered as preliminary information on the meat quality of Philippine White Mallard duck. Hence, further studies are needed to understand and fully utilize it for meat production and develop different meat products from this breed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20fat" title="crude fat">crude fat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20color" title=" meat color"> meat color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20pH" title=" meat pH"> meat pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-holding%20capacity" title=" water-holding capacity"> water-holding capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61059/carcass-characteristics-and-qualities-of-philippine-white-mallard-anas-boschas-l-and-pekin-anas-platyrhynchos-l-duck" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6750</span> Cultural and Natural Heritage Conservation by GIS Tourism Inventory System Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamze%20Safak">Gamze Safak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umut%20Arslanoglu"> Umut Arslanoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cultural and tourism conservation and development zones and tourism centers are the boundaries declared for the purpose of protecting, using, and evaluating the sectoral development and planned development in areas where historical and cultural values are heavily involved and/or where tourism potential is high. The most rapidly changing regions in Turkey are tourism areas, especially the coastal areas. Planning these regions is not about only an economic gain but also a natural and physical environment and refers to a complex process. If the tourism sector is not well controlled, excessive use of natural resources and wrong location choices may cause damage to natural areas, historical values, and socio-cultural structure. Since the strategic decisions taken in the environmental order and zoning plans, which are the means of guiding the physical environment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, which have the authority to make plans in tourism centers, are transformed into plan decisions that find the spatial expression, comprehensive evaluation of all kinds of data, following the historical development and based on the correct and current data is required. In addition, the authority has a number of competences in tourism promotion as well as the authority to plan, leading to the necessity of taking part in the applications requiring complex analysis such as the management and integration of the country's economic, political, social and cultural resources. For this purpose, Tourism Inventory System (TES) project, which consists of a series of subsystems, has been developed in order to solve complex planning and method problems in the management of site-related information. The scope of the project is based on the integration of numerical and verbal data in the regions within the jurisdiction of the authority, and the monitoring of the historical development of urban planning studies, making the spatial data of the institution easily accessible, shared, questionable and traceable in international standards. A dynamic and continuous system design has been put into practice by utilizing the advantage of the use of Geographical Information Systems in the planning process to play a role in making the right decisions, revealing the tools of social, economic, cultural development, and preservation of natural and cultural values. This paper, which is prepared by the project team members in TES (Tourism Inventory System), will present a study regarding the applicability of GIS in cultural and natural heritage conservation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20conservation" title="cultural conservation">cultural conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20inventory%20system" title=" tourism inventory system"> tourism inventory system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116677/cultural-and-natural-heritage-conservation-by-gis-tourism-inventory-system-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6749</span> Effect of Fat Percentage and Prebiotic Composition on Proteolysis, ACE-Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Probiotic Yogurt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20B.%20HabibiNajafi">Mohammad B. HabibiNajafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeideh%20Sadat%20Fatemizadeh"> Saeideh Sadat Fatemizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Tavakoli"> Maryam Tavakoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the consumption of functional foods, including foods containing probiotic bacteria, has come to notice. Milk proteins have been identified as a source of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme <span dir="RTL">)</span>ACE<span dir="RTL">(</span> inhibitory peptides and are currently the best-known class of bioactive peptides. In this study, the effects of adding prebiotic ingredients (inulin and wheat fiber) and fat percentage (0%, 2% and 3.5%) in yogurt containing probiotic <em>Lactobacillus casei</em> on physicochemical properties, degree of proteolysis, antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activity within 21 days of storage at 5 ± 1 °C were evaluated. The results of statistical analysis showed that the application of prebiotic compounds led to a significant increase in water holding capacity, proteolysis and ACE-inhibitory of samples. The degree of proteolysis in yogurt increases as storage time elapses (P < 0.05) but when proteolysis exceeds a certain threshold, this trend begins to decline. Also, during storage time, water holding capacity reduced initially but increased thereafter. Moreover, based on our findings, the survival of <em>Lactobacillus casei</em> in samples treated with inulin and wheat fiber increased significantly in comparison to the control sample (P < 0.05) whereas the effect of fat percentage on the survival of probiotic bacteria was not significant (P = 0.095). Furthermore, the effect of prebiotic ingredients and the presence of probiotic cultures on the antioxidant activity of samples was significant (P < 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotic%20yogurt" title="probiotic yogurt">probiotic yogurt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteolysis" title=" proteolysis"> proteolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ACE-inhibitory" title=" ACE-inhibitory"> ACE-inhibitory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title=" antioxidant activity"> antioxidant activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72186/effect-of-fat-percentage-and-prebiotic-composition-on-proteolysis-ace-inhibitory-and-antioxidant-activity-of-probiotic-yogurt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6748</span> Conception of a Reliable Low Cost, Autonomous Explorative Hovercraft 1</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Brand">A. Brand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Burgalat"> S. Burgalat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Chastel"> E. Chastel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jumeline"> M. Jumeline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Teilhac"> L. Teilhac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents actual benefits and drawbacks of a multidirectional Hovercraft conceived with limited resources and designed for indoor exploration. Recent developments in the field have led to apparition of very powerful automotive systems capable of very high calculation and exploration in complex unknown environments. They usually propose very complex algorithms, high precision/cost sensors and sometimes have heavy calculation consumption with complex data fusion. Those systems are usually powerful but have a certain price and the benefits may not be worth the cost, especially considering their hardware limitations and their power consumption. Present approach is to build a compromise between cost, power consumption and results preciseness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20exploration" title=" indoor exploration"> indoor exploration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous" title=" autonomous"> autonomous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidirectional" title=" multidirectional"> multidirectional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20control" title=" wireless control"> wireless control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11016/conception-of-a-reliable-low-cost-autonomous-explorative-hovercraft-1" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6747</span> A System Dynamics Approach to Technological Learning Impact for Cost Estimation of Solar Photovoltaics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rong%20Wang">Rong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Hasanefendic"> Sandra Hasanefendic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizabeth%20von%20Hauff"> Elizabeth von Hauff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bart%20Bossink"> Bart Bossink</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technological learning and learning curve models have been continuously used to estimate the photovoltaics (PV) cost development over time for the climate mitigation targets. They can integrate a number of technological learning sources which influence the learning process. Yet the accuracy and realistic predictions for cost estimations of PV development are still difficult to achieve. This paper develops four hypothetical-alternative learning curve models by proposing different combinations of technological learning sources, including both local and global technology experience and the knowledge stock. This paper specifically focuses on the non-linear relationship between the costs and technological learning source and their dynamic interaction and uses the system dynamics approach to predict a more accurate PV cost estimation for future development. As the case study, the data from China is gathered and drawn to illustrate that the learning curve model that incorporates both the global and local experience is more accurate and realistic than the other three models for PV cost estimation. Further, absorbing and integrating the global experience into the local industry has a positive impact on PV cost reduction. Although the learning curve model incorporating knowledge stock is not realistic for current PV cost deployment in China, it still plays an effective positive role in future PV cost reduction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title="photovoltaic">photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamics" title=" system dynamics"> system dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20learning" title=" technological learning"> technological learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20curve" title=" learning curve"> learning curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168940/a-system-dynamics-approach-to-technological-learning-impact-for-cost-estimation-of-solar-photovoltaics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6746</span> Optimal Load Factors for Seismic Design of Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Boj%C3%B3rquez">Juan Bojórquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20E.%20Ruiz"> Sonia E. Ruiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ed%C3%A9n%20Boj%C3%B3rquez"> Edén Bojórquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20de%20Le%C3%B3n%20Escobedo"> David de León Escobedo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A life-cycle optimization procedure to establish the best load factors combinations for seismic design of buildings, is proposed. The expected cost of damage from future earthquakes within the life of the structure is estimated, and realistic cost functions are assumed. The functions include: Repair cost, cost of contents damage, cost associated with loss of life, cost of injuries and economic loss. The loads considered are dead, live and earthquake load. The study is performed for reinforced concrete buildings located in Mexico City. The buildings are modeled as multiple-degree-of-freedom frame structures. The parameter selected to measure the structural damage is the maximum inter-story drift. The structural models are subjected to 31 soft-soil ground motions recorded in the Lake Zone of Mexico City. In order to obtain the annual structural failure rates, a numerical integration method is applied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20factors" title="load factors">load factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life-cycle%20analysis" title=" life-cycle analysis"> life-cycle analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20design" title=" seismic design"> seismic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20buildings" title=" reinforced concrete buildings"> reinforced concrete buildings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22167/optimal-load-factors-for-seismic-design-of-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">617</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6745</span> Network Functions Virtualization-Based Virtual Routing Function Deployment under Network Delay Constraints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenichiro%20Hida">Kenichiro Hida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Ichi%20Kuribayashi"> Shin-Ichi Kuribayashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NFV-based network implements a variety of network functions with software on general-purpose servers, and this allows the network operator to select any capabilities and locations of network functions without any physical constraints. In this paper, we evaluate the influence of the maximum tolerable network delay on the virtual routing function deployment guidelines which the authors proposed previously. Our evaluation results have revealed the following: (1) the more the maximum tolerable network delay condition becomes severe, the more the number of areas where the route selection function is installed increases and the total network cost increases, (2) the higher the routing function cost relative to the circuit bandwidth cost, the increase ratio of total network cost becomes larger according to the maximum tolerable network delay condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFV%20%28Network%20Functions%20Virtualization%29" title="NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)">NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20allocation" title=" resource allocation"> resource allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20routing%20function" title=" virtual routing function"> virtual routing function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20total%20network%20cost" title=" minimum total network cost"> minimum total network cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79667/network-functions-virtualization-based-virtual-routing-function-deployment-under-network-delay-constraints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6744</span> Concept of a Low Cost Gait Rehabilitation Robot for Children with Neurological Dysfunction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Volpini">Mariana Volpini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Volker%20Bartenbach"> Volker Bartenbach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcos%20Pinotti"> Marcos Pinotti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Riener"> Robert Riener</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Restoration of gait ability is an important task in the rehabilitation of people with neurological disorders presenting a great impact in the quality of life of an individual. Based on the motor learning concept, robotic assisted treadmill training has been introduced and found to be a feasible and promising therapeutic option in neurological rehabilitation but unfortunately it is not available for most patients in developing countries due to the high cost. This paper presents the concept of a low cost rehabilitation robot to help consolidate the robotic-assisted gait training as a reality in clinical practice in most countries. This work indicates that it is possible to build a simpler rehabilitation device respecting the physiological trajectory of the ankle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioengineering" title="bioengineering">bioengineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait%20therapy" title=" gait therapy"> gait therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20cost%20rehabilitation%20robot" title=" low cost rehabilitation robot"> low cost rehabilitation robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation%20robotics" title=" rehabilitation robotics"> rehabilitation robotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12543/concept-of-a-low-cost-gait-rehabilitation-robot-for-children-with-neurological-dysfunction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6743</span> Reliability Analysis: A Case Study in Designing Power Distribution System of Tehran Oil Refinery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Arani">A. B. Arani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Shojaee"> R. Shojaee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical power distribution system is one of the vital infrastructures of an oil refinery, which requires wide area of study and planning before construction. In this paper, power distribution reliability of Tehran Refinery’s KHDS/GHDS unit has been taken into consideration to investigate the importance of these kinds of studies and evaluate the designed system. In this regard, the authors chose and evaluated different configurations of electrical power distribution along with the existing configuration with the aim of finding the most suited configuration which satisfies the conditions of minimum cost of electrical system construction, minimum cost imposed by loss of load, and maximum power system reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20distribution%20system" title="power distribution system">power distribution system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20refinery" title=" oil refinery"> oil refinery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%20cost" title=" investment cost"> investment cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interruption%20cost" title=" interruption cost"> interruption cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25952/reliability-analysis-a-case-study-in-designing-power-distribution-system-of-tehran-oil-refinery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">876</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6742</span> Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Buildings According to the Algerian Seismic Code</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesreddine%20Djafar%20Henni">Nesreddine Djafar Henni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassim%20Djedoui"> Nassim Djedoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Chebili"> Rachid Chebili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent decades have witnessed significant efforts being made to optimize different types of structures and components. The concept of cost optimization in reinforced concrete structures, which aims at minimizing financial resources while ensuring maximum building safety, comprises multiple materials, and the objective function for their optimal design is derived from the construction cost of the steel as well as concrete that significantly contribute to the overall weight of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. To achieve this objective, this work has been devoted to optimizing the structural design of 3D RC frame buildings which integrates, for the first time, the Algerian regulations. Three different test examples were investigated to assess the efficiency of our work in optimizing RC frame buildings. The hybrid GWOPSO algorithm is used, and 30000 generations are made. The cost of the building is reduced by iteration each time. Concrete and reinforcement bars are used in the building cost. As a result, the cost of a reinforced concrete structure is reduced by 30% compared with the initial design. This result means that the 3D cost-design optimization of the framed structure is successfully achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title="optimization">optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title=" automation"> automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=API" title=" API"> API</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malab" title=" Malab"> Malab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20structures" title=" RC structures"> RC structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182542/optimization-of-reinforced-concrete-buildings-according-to-the-algerian-seismic-code" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6741</span> Conception of a Reliable Low Cost and Autonomous Explorative Hovercraft</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Burgalat">S. Burgalat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Teilhac"> L. Teilhac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Brand"> A. Brand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Chastel"> E. Chastel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jumeline"> M. Jumeline</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents actual benefits and drawbacks of a multidirectional autonomous hovercraft conceived with limited resources and designed for indoor exploration. Recent developments in the field have led to the apparition of very powerful automotive systems capable of very high calculation and exploration in complex unknown environments. They usually propose very complex algorithms, high precision/cost sensors and sometimes have heavy calculation consumption with complex data fusion. These systems are usually powerful but have a certain price, and the benefits may not be worth the cost, especially considering their hardware limitations and their power consumption. The present approach is to build a compromise between cost, power consumption and results preciseness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hovercraft" title="hovercraft">hovercraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20exploration" title=" indoor exploration"> indoor exploration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous" title=" autonomous"> autonomous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidirectional" title=" multidirectional"> multidirectional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20control" title=" wireless control"> wireless control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11015/conception-of-a-reliable-low-cost-and-autonomous-explorative-hovercraft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6740</span> The Superior Performance of Investment Bank-Affiliated Mutual Funds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelo%20Obrey">Michelo Obrey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditionally, mutual funds have long been esteemed as stand-alone entities in the U.S. However, the prevalence of the fund families’ affiliation to financial conglomerates is eroding this striking feature. Mutual fund families' affiliation with financial conglomerates can potentially be an important source of superior performance or cost to the affiliated mutual fund investors. On the one hand, financial conglomerates affiliation offers the mutual funds access to abundant resources, better research quality, private material information, and business connections within the financial group. On the other hand, conflict of interest is bound to arise between the financial conglomerate relationship and fund management. Using a sample of U.S. domestic equity mutual funds from 1994 to 2017, this paper examines whether fund family affiliation to an investment bank help the affiliated mutual funds deliver superior performance through private material information advantage possessed by the investment banks or it costs affiliated mutual fund shareholders due to the conflict of interest. Robust to alternative risk adjustments and cross-section regression methodologies, this paper finds that the investment bank-affiliated mutual funds significantly outperform those of the mutual funds that are not affiliated with an investment bank. Interestingly the paper finds that the outperformance is confined to holding return, a return measure that captures the investment talent that is uninfluenced by transaction costs, fees, and other expenses. Further analysis shows that the investment bank-affiliated mutual funds specialize in hard-to-value stocks, which are not more likely to be held by unaffiliated funds. Consistent with the information advantage hypothesis, the paper finds that affiliated funds holding covered stocks outperform affiliated funds without covered stocks lending no support to the hypothesis that affiliated mutual funds attract superior stock-picking talent. Overall, the paper findings are consistent with the idea that investment banks maximize fee income by monopolistically exploiting their private information, thus strategically transferring performance to their affiliated mutual funds. This paper contributes to the extant literature on the agency problem in mutual fund families. It adds to this stream of research by showing that the agency problem is not only prevalent in fund families but also in financial organizations such as investment banks that have affiliated mutual fund families. The results show evidence of exploitation of synergies such as private material information sharing that benefit mutual fund investors due to affiliation with a financial conglomerate. However, this research has a normative dimension, allowing such incestuous behavior of insider trading and exploitation of superior information not only negatively affect the unaffiliated fund investors but also led to an unfair and unleveled playing field in the financial market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutual%20fund%20performance" title="mutual fund performance">mutual fund performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflicts%20of%20interest" title=" conflicts of interest"> conflicts of interest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informational%20advantage" title=" informational advantage"> informational advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%20bank" title=" investment bank"> investment bank</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134432/the-superior-performance-of-investment-bank-affiliated-mutual-funds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6739</span> The Cost-Effectiveness of High-Volume Hospital’s Surgical Care for Pancreatic Cancer: Economic Evidence Reviewed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon%20Hearney">Shannon Hearney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeffrey%20Hoch"> Jeffrey Hoch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pancreatic cancer is a notoriously costly and deadly form of cancer. Many types of treatment centers exist for patients to seek care from, including high-volume centers which have shown promise to provide the highest quality of care. While it may be true that this type of center provides the best care it is unclear if that care is cost-effective. Studies in the US have confirmed that high-volume hospitals do provide higher quality of care but have shown inconsistencies in the cost-effectiveness of that care. Other studies, like those from Finland have shown that high-volume centers had lower mortality and lower costs than low-volume centers. This paper thus seeks to review the current scientific literature to better understand if high-volume centers are cost-effective in delivering care in both a European setting and in the US. A review of major reference databases such as Medline, Embase and PubMed will be conducted for cost-effectiveness studies on the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer at high-volume centers. Possible MeSH terms to be included, but not limited to, are: “pancreatic cancer”, “cost analysis”, “cost-effectiveness”, “economic evaluation”, “pancreatic neoplasms”, “surgical”, and “high-volume”. Studies must also have been available in the English language. This review will encompass European scientific literature, as well as those in the US. Based on our preliminary findings, we anticipate high-volume hospitals to provide better care at greater costs. We anticipate that high-volume hospitals may be cost-effective in different contexts depending on the national structure of a healthcare system. Countries with more centralized and socialized healthcare may yield results that are more cost-effective. High-volume centers may differ in their cost-effectiveness of the surgical care of pancreatic cancer internationally especially when comparing those in the United States to others throughout Europe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost-effectiveness%20analysis" title="cost-effectiveness analysis">cost-effectiveness analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20evaluation" title=" economic evaluation"> economic evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20cancer" title=" pancreatic cancer"> pancreatic cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scientific%20literature%20review" title=" scientific literature review"> scientific literature review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153122/the-cost-effectiveness-of-high-volume-hospitals-surgical-care-for-pancreatic-cancer-economic-evidence-reviewed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6738</span> Solving Operating Room Scheduling Problem by Using Dispatching Rule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang-Kuei%20Lin">Yang-Kuei Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin-Yi%20Chou"> Yin-Yi Chou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, we have considered operating room scheduling problem. The objective is to minimize total operating cost. The total operating cost includes idle cost and overtime cost. We have proposed a dispatching rule that can guarantee to find feasible solutions for the studied problem efficiently. We compared the proposed dispatching rule with the optimal solutions found by solving Inter Programming, and other solutions found by using modified existing dispatching rules. The computational results indicates that the proposed heuristic can find near optimal solutions efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assignment" title="assignment">assignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispatching%20rule" title=" dispatching rule"> dispatching rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation%20rooms" title=" operation rooms"> operation rooms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scheduling" title=" scheduling"> scheduling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91669/solving-operating-room-scheduling-problem-by-using-dispatching-rule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6737</span> Comparative Study on Inhibiting Factors of Cost and Time Control in Nigerian Construction Practice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Abdulkadir">S. Abdulkadir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Y.%20Moh%E2%80%99d"> I. Y. Moh’d</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20U.%20Kunya"> S. U. Kunya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Nuruddeen"> U. Nuruddeen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The basis of any contract formation between the client and contractor is the budgeted cost and the estimated duration of projects. These variables are paramount important to project's sponsor in a construction projects and in assessing the success or viability of construction projects. Despite the availability of various techniques of cost and time control, many projects failed to achieve their initial estimated cost and time. The paper evaluate the inhibiting factors of cost and time control in Nigerian construction practice and comparing the result with the United Kingdom practice as identified by one researcher. The populations of the study are construction professionals within Bauchi and Gombe state, Nigeria, a judgmental sampling employed in determining the size of respondents. Descriptive statistics used in analyzing the data in SPSS. Design change, project fraud and corruption, financing and payment of completed work found to be common among the top five inhibiting factors of cost and time control in the study area. Furthermore, the result had shown some comprising with slight contrast as in the case of United Kingdom practice. Study recommend the adaptation of mitigation measures developed in the UK prior to assessing its effectiveness and so also developing a mitigating measure for other top factors that are not within the one developed in United Kingdom practice. Also, it recommends a wider assessing comparison on the modify inhibiting factors of cost and time control as revealed by the study to cover almost all part of Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparison" title="comparison">comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhibiting%20factor" title=" inhibiting factor"> inhibiting factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=United%20Kingdom" title=" United Kingdom"> United Kingdom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time" title=" time"> time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35540/comparative-study-on-inhibiting-factors-of-cost-and-time-control-in-nigerian-construction-practice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6736</span> Firm Performance and Evolving Corporate Governance: An Empirical Study from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Nishat">Mohammed Nishat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ghazali"> Ahmad Ghazali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study empirically examines the corporate governance and firm performance, and tries to evaluate the governance, ownership and control related variables which are hypothesized to affect on firms performance. This study tries to evaluate the effectiveness of corporate governance mechanism to achieve high level performance among companies listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) over the period from 2005 to 2008. To measure the firm performance level this research uses three measures of performance; Return on assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Tobin’s Q. To link the performance of firms with the corporate governance three categories of corporate governance variables are tested which includes governance, ownership and control related variables. Fixed effect regression model is used to test the link between corporate governance and firm performance for 267 KSE listed Pakistani firms. The result shows that corporate governance variables such as percentage block holding by individuals have positive impact on firm performance. When CEO is also the chairperson of board then it is found that firm performance is adversely affected. Also negative relationship is found between share held by insiders and performance of firm. Leverage has negative impact on the performance of the firm and firm size is positively related with the firms performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20cost" title=" agency cost"> agency cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karachi%20stock%20market" title=" Karachi stock market"> Karachi stock market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16838/firm-performance-and-evolving-corporate-governance-an-empirical-study-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=9" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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