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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Yasser M. Moustafa</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Yasser M. Moustafa"> <meta name="keywords" content="Yasser M. Moustafa"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Yasser M. Moustafa" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Yasser M. Moustafa"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 147</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Yasser M. Moustafa</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> Effect of Asymmetric Amphiphilic Dicationic Ionic Liquids as Oil Spill Dispersants in Red Sea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raghda%20El-Nagara">Raghda El-Nagara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20I.%20Nessim"> Maher I. Nessim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmen%20E.%20Elshafee"> Carmen E. Elshafee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renee%20I.%20Abdallah"> Renee I. Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20M.%20Moustafa"> Yasser M. Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three asymmetric dicationic ionic liquids (ADILs), 1-(2-(1-dodecyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazolium-3-yl)ethyl)-3-methyl pyridinium bromide (IL₁), 1-(6-(1-dodecyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazolium-3-yl)hexyl)-3-methyl pyridinium bromide (IL₂) and 1-(10-(1-dodecyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazolium-3-yl)decyl)-3-methyl pyridinium bromide (IL₃) were synthesized with yield of 83.54, 84.12 & 83.05% respectively. They were elucidated via conventional tools of analysis (elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR). The thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that the three ADILs possessed high thermal stability (up to 500ᵒC). Their critical micelle concentration (CMC) was investigated and exhibited values of 5.5-1*10⁻³ Mol./L. They were evaluated as oil spill dispersants were at different temperatures (10, 30 & 50ᵒC) with different concentrations (750, 1500, 2000, 3000 ppm). Data reveals that the efficiency is ranked as follows: IL₂ > IL₁ > IL₃, which showed high dispersion efficiency reached to 63% with the concentration of 1500 ppm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20liquids" title="ionic liquids">ionic liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amphiphilic" title=" amphiphilic"> amphiphilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20spill%20dispersants" title=" oil spill dispersants"> oil spill dispersants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dicationic" title=" dicationic"> dicationic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20test" title=" efficiency test"> efficiency test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135621/effect-of-asymmetric-amphiphilic-dicationic-ionic-liquids-as-oil-spill-dispersants-in-red-sea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Experimental Investigation of Air Gap Membrane Distillation System with Heat Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Elhenaw">Yasser Elhenaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Farag"> A. Farag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20El-Ghandour"> Mohamed El-Ghandour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shatat"> M. Shatat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20H.%20Moustafa"> G. H. Moustafa </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the performance of two spiral-wound Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD) units. These units are connected in two different configurations in order to be tested and compared experimentally. In AGMD, the coolant water is used to condensate water vapor leaving membrane via condensing plate. The rejected cooling water has a relativity high temperature which can be used, depending on operation parameters, to increase the thermal efficiency and water productivity. In the first configuration, the seawater feed flows parallel and equally through both units then rejected. The coolant water is divided into the two units, and the heat source is divided into the two heat exchangers. In the second one, only the feed of the first unit is heated while the cooling rejected from the unit is used in heating the feed to the second. The performance of the system, estimated by the water productivity as well as the Gain Output Ratio (GOR), is measured for the two configurations at different feed flow rates, temperatures and salinities. The results show that at steady state condition, the heat recovery configurations lead to an increase in water productivity by 25%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20distillation" title="membrane distillation">membrane distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20recovery" title=" heat recovery"> heat recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desalination" title=" desalination"> desalination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67308/experimental-investigation-of-air-gap-membrane-distillation-system-with-heat-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> A Theoretical Model for a Humidification Dehumidification (HD) Solar Desalination Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20El-Henawy">Yasser El-Henawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abd%20El-Kader"> M. Abd El-Kader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamal%20H.%20Moustafa"> Gamal H. Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A theoretical study of a humidification dehumidification solar desalination unit has been carried out to increase understanding the effect of weather conditions on the unit productivity. A humidification-dehumidification (HD) solar desalination unit has been designed to provide fresh water for population in remote arid areas. It consists of solar water collector and air collector; to provide the hot water and air to the desalination chamber. The desalination chamber is divided into humidification and dehumidification towers. The circulation of air between the two towers is maintained by the forced convection. A mathematical model has been formulated, in which the thermodynamic relations were used to study the flow, heat and mass transfer inside the humidifier and dehumidifier. The present technique is performed in order to increase the unit performance. Heat and mass balance has been done and a set of governing equations has been solved using the finite difference technique. The unit productivity has been calculated along the working day during the summer and winter sessions and has compared with the available experimental results. The average accumulative productivity of the system in winter has been ranged between 2.5 to 4 kg/m2.day, while the average summer productivity has been found between 8 to 12 kg/m2 day. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20desalination" title="solar desalination">solar desalination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20collector" title=" solar collector"> solar collector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humidification%20and%20dehumidification" title=" humidification and dehumidification"> humidification and dehumidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference" title=" finite difference"> finite difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20productivity" title=" water productivity"> water productivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31494/a-theoretical-model-for-a-humidification-dehumidification-hd-solar-desalination-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> The Effect of Normal Cervical Sagittal Configuration in the Management of Cervicogenic Dizziness: A 1-Year Randomized Controlled Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Ibrahim%20Moustafa">Moustafa Ibrahim Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate and long term effects of a multimodal program, with the addition of cervical sagittal curve restoration and forward head correction, on severity of dizziness, disability, frequency of dizziness, and severity of cervical pain. 72 patients with cervicogenic dizziness, definite hypolordotic cervical spine, and forward head posture were randomized to experimental or a control group. Both groups received the multimodal program, additionally, the study group received the Denneroll cervical traction. All outcome measures were measured at three intervals. The general linear model indicated a significant group × time effects in favor of experimental group on measures of anterior head translation (F=329.4 P < .0005), cervical lordosis (F=293.7 P < .0005), severity of dizziness (F=262.1 P < .0005), disability (F=248.9 P < .0005), frequency of dizziness (F=53.9 P < .0005), and severity of cervical pain (F=350.1 P < .0005). The addition of Dennroll cervical traction to a multimodal program can positively affect dizziness management outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=randomized%20controlled%20trial" title="randomized controlled trial">randomized controlled trial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traction" title=" traction"> traction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dizziness" title=" dizziness"> dizziness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical" title=" cervical"> cervical</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1499/the-effect-of-normal-cervical-sagittal-configuration-in-the-management-of-cervicogenic-dizziness-a-1-year-randomized-controlled-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Flux-Linkage Performance of DFIG Under Different Types of Faults and Locations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Moustafa%20Mahmoud%20Sedky">Mohamed Moustafa Mahmoud Sedky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The double-fed induction generator wind turbine has recently received a great attention. The steady state performance and response of double fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbine are now well understood. This paper presents the analysis of stator and rotor flux linkage dq models operation of DFIG under different faults and at different locations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20fed%20induction%20motor" title="double fed induction motor">double fed induction motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title=" wind energy"> wind energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flux%20linkage" title=" flux linkage"> flux linkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20circuit" title=" short circuit"> short circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27816/flux-linkage-performance-of-dfig-under-different-types-of-faults-and-locations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> A Small Signal Model for Resonant Tunneling Diode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rania%20M.%20Abdallah">Rania M. Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20S.%20Dessouki"> Ahmed A. S. Dessouki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20H.%20Aly"> Moustafa H. Aly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper has presented a new simple small signal model for a resonant tunnelling diode device. The resonant tunnelling diode equivalent circuit elements were calculated and the results led to good agreement between the calculated equivalent circuit elements and the measurement results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonant%20tunnelling%20diode" title="resonant tunnelling diode">resonant tunnelling diode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20signal%20model" title=" small signal model"> small signal model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20differential%20conductance" title=" negative differential conductance"> negative differential conductance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20engineering" title=" electronic engineering"> electronic engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5891/a-small-signal-model-for-resonant-tunneling-diode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Analysis of Flux-Linkage Performance of DFIG by Using Simulink under Different Types of Faults and Locations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Moustafa%20Mahmoud%20Sedky">Mohamed Moustafa Mahmoud Sedky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The double-fed induction generator wind turbine has recently received a great attention. The steady state performance and response of double fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbine are now well understood. This paper presents the analysis of stator and rotor flux linkage dq models operation of DFIG under different faults and at different locations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20fed%20induction%20motor" title="double fed induction motor">double fed induction motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title=" wind energy"> wind energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flux%20linkage" title=" flux linkage"> flux linkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20circuit" title=" short circuit "> short circuit </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27818/analysis-of-flux-linkage-performance-of-dfig-by-using-simulink-under-different-types-of-faults-and-locations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">588</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> The OQAM-OFDM System Using WPT/IWPT Replaced FFT/IFFT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20H.%20Thabet">Alaa H. Thabet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehab%20F.%20Badran"> Ehab F. Badran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20H.%20Aly"> Moustafa H. Aly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rapid expand of wireless digital communications, demand for wireless systems that are reliable and have a high spectral efficiency have increased too. FBMC scheme based on the OFDM/OQAM has been recognized for its good performance to achieve high data rates. Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) has been used to produce the orthogonal sub-carriers. Due to the drawbacks of OFDM -FFT based system which are the high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) and the synchronization. In this paper, Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) is used in the place of FFT, and show better performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OQAM-OFDM" title="OQAM-OFDM">OQAM-OFDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20packet%20transform" title=" wavelet packet transform"> wavelet packet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAPR" title=" PAPR"> PAPR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FFT" title=" FFT"> FFT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28850/the-oqam-ofdm-system-using-wptiwpt-replaced-fftifft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28850.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Performance Analysis of SAC-OCDMA System using Different Detectors </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somaya%20A.%20Abd%20El%20Mottaleb">Somaya A. Abd El Mottaleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abd%20El%20Aziz"> Ahmed Abd El Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20A.%20Fayed"> Heba A. Fayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20H.%20Aly">Moustafa H. Aly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present the performance of spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access using different detectors at different transmission distances using single photodiode detection technique. Modified double weight codes are used as signature codes. Simulation results show that the system using avalanche photo detector can move distance longer than that using positive intrinsic negative photo detector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avalanche%20photodiode" title="avalanche photodiode">avalanche photodiode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20double%20weight" title=" modified double weight"> modified double weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20access%20technique" title=" multiple access technique"> multiple access technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20photodiode." title=" single photodiode. "> single photodiode. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12035/performance-analysis-of-sac-ocdma-system-using-different-detectors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Cellular Automata Using Fractional Integral Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20F.%20Hassan">Yasser F. Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a proposed model of cellular automata is studied by means of fractional integral function. A cellular automaton is a decentralized computing model providing an excellent platform for performing complex computation with the help of only local information. The paper discusses how using fractional integral function for representing cellular automata memory or state. The architecture of computing and learning model will be given and the results of calibrating of approach are also given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20integral" title="fractional integral">fractional integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellular%20automata" title=" cellular automata"> cellular automata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55312/cellular-automata-using-fractional-integral-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> RANS Simulation of the LNG Ship Squat in Shallow Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Nakisa">Mehdi Nakisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adi%20Maimun"> Adi Maimun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20M.%20Ahmed"> Yasser M. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Behrouzi"> Fatemeh Behrouzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Squat is the reduction in under-keel clearance between a vessel at-rest and underway due to the increased flow of water past the moving body. The forward motion of the ship induces a relative velocity between the ship and the surrounding water that causes a water level depression in which the ship sinks. The problem of ship squat is one among the crucial factors affecting the navigation of ships in restricted waters. This article investigates the LNG ship squat, its effects on flow streamlines around the ship hull and ship behavior and motion using computational fluid dynamics which is applied by Ansys-Fluent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ship%20squat" title="ship squat">ship squat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confined" title=" confined"> confined</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanic" title=" mechanic"> mechanic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4835/rans-simulation-of-the-lng-ship-squat-in-shallow-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">620</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> The Impact of Varying the Detector and Modulation Types on Inter Satellite Link (ISL) Realizing the Allowable High Data Rate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Zaki%20M.">Asmaa Zaki M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abd%20El%20Aziz"> Ahmed Abd El Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20A.%20Fayed"> Heba A. Fayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20H.%20Aly"> Moustafa H. Aly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ISLs are the most popular choice for deep space communications because these links are attractive alternatives to present day microwave links. This paper explored the allowable high data rate in this link over different orbits, which is affected by variation in modulation scheme and detector type. Moreover, the objective of this paper is to optimize and analyze the performance of ISL in terms of Q-factor and Minimum Bit Error Rate (Min-BER) based on different detectors comprising some parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20space%20optics%20%28FSO%29" title="free space optics (FSO)">free space optics (FSO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20of%20view%20%28FOV%29" title=" field of view (FOV)"> field of view (FOV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter%20satellite%20link%20%28ISL%29" title=" inter satellite link (ISL)"> inter satellite link (ISL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20wireless%20communication%20%28OWC%29" title=" optical wireless communication (OWC) "> optical wireless communication (OWC) </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1928/the-impact-of-varying-the-detector-and-modulation-types-on-inter-satellite-link-isl-realizing-the-allowable-high-data-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> 'Gender' and 'Gender Equalities': Conceptual Issues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Ali">Moustafa Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to discuss and question some of the widely accepted concepts within the conceptual framework of gender from terminological, scientific, and Muslim cultural perspectives, and to introduce a new definition and a model of gender in the Arab and Muslim societies. This paper, therefore, uses a generic methodology and document analysis and comes in three sections and a conclusion. The first section discusses some of the terminological issues in the conceptual framework of gender. The second section highlights scientific issues, introduces a definition and a model of gender, whereas the third section offers Muslim cultural perspectives on some issues related to gender in the Muslim world. The paper, then, concludes with findings and recommendations reached so far. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20definition" title="gender definition">gender definition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20equalities" title=" gender equalities"> gender equalities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex-gender%20separability" title=" sex-gender separability"> sex-gender separability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fairness-based%20model%20of%20gender" title=" fairness-based model of gender"> fairness-based model of gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119455/gender-and-gender-equalities-conceptual-issues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Effects of the Ambient Temperature and the Defect Density on the Performance the Solar Cell (HIT)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouzaki%20Mohammed%20Moustafa">Bouzaki Mohammed Moustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benyoucef%20Boumediene"> Benyoucef Boumediene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benouaz%20Tayeb"> Benouaz Tayeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benhamou%20Amina"> Benhamou Amina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ambient temperature and the defects density in the Hetero-junction with Intrinsic Thin layers solar cells (HIT) strongly influence their performances. In first part, we presented the bands diagram on the front/back simulated solar cell based on a-Si: H / c-Si (p)/a-Si:h. In another part, we modeled the following layers structure: ZnO/a-Si:H(n)/a-Si:H(i)/c-Si(p)/a-Si:H(p)/Ag where we studied the effect of the ambient temperature and the defects density in the gap of the crystalline silicon layer on the performance of the heterojunction solar cell with intrinsic layer (HIT). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterojunction%20solar%20cell" title="heterojunction solar cell">heterojunction solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell%20performance" title=" solar cell performance"> solar cell performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bands%20diagram" title=" bands diagram"> bands diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20temperature" title=" ambient temperature"> ambient temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect%20density" title=" defect density "> defect density </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21496/effects-of-the-ambient-temperature-and-the-defect-density-on-the-performance-the-solar-cell-hit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) Treating High-Strength Food Industrial Wastewater with Fluctuating pH </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20M.%20Bassuney">D. M. Bassuney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Ibrahim"> W. A. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20A.%20E.%20Moustafa"> Medhat A. E. Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As awareness of the variable nature of food industrial wastewater and its environmental impact grows, a more stable treatment reactor is needed to treat such wastewater. In this paper, a performance of 5-compartment lab-scale Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) treating high strength wastewater with high pH variation was studied under three organic loading rates (OLRs). The reactor showed high COD removal efficiencies: 92.67, 97.44, and 98.19% corresponding to OLRs of 2.0, 3.0, and 4.8 KgCOD/m3 d, respectively. The first compartment showed a good buffering capacity and a distinct phase separation occurred in the ABR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20baffled%20reactor" title="anaerobic baffled reactor">anaerobic baffled reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20industrial%20wastewater" title=" food industrial wastewater"> food industrial wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20strength%20wastewater" title=" high strength wastewater"> high strength wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20loading" title=" organic loading"> organic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9695/performance-of-an-anaerobic-baffled-reactor-abr-treating-high-strength-food-industrial-wastewater-with-fluctuating-ph" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Diagnosis Of Static, Dynamic, And Mixed Eccentricity In Line Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor By Using FEM </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Moustafa%20Mahmoud%20Sedky">Mohamed Moustafa Mahmoud Sedky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In line start permanent magnet synchronous motor, eccentricity is a common fault that can make it necessary to remove the motor from the production line. However, because the motor may be inaccessible, diagnosing the fault is not easy. This paper presents an FEM that identifies different models, static eccentricity, dynamic eccentricity, and mixed eccentricity, at no load and full load. The method overcomes the difficulty of applying FEMs to transient behavior. It simulates motor speed, torque and flux density distribution along the air gap for SE, DE, and ME. This paper represents the various effects of different eccentricities types on the transient performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20start%20permanent%20magnet" title="line start permanent magnet">line start permanent magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20machine" title=" synchronous machine"> synchronous machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20eccentricity" title=" static eccentricity"> static eccentricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20eccentricity" title=" dynamic eccentricity"> dynamic eccentricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20eccentricity" title=" mixed eccentricity"> mixed eccentricity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4065/diagnosis-of-static-dynamic-and-mixed-eccentricity-in-line-start-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor-by-using-fem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Directivity and Gain Improvement for Microstrip Array Antenna with Directors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20M.%20Elkamchouchi">Hassan M. Elkamchouchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samy%20H.%20Darwish"> Samy H. Darwish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20H.%20Elkamchouchi"> Yasser H. Elkamchouchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Morsy"> M. E. Morsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Methodology is suggested to design a linear rectangular microstrip array antenna based on Yagi antenna theory. The antenna with different directors' lengths as parasitic elements were designed, simulated, and analyzed using HFSS. The calculus and results illustrate the effectiveness of using specific parasitic elements to improve the directivity and gain for microstrip array antenna. The results have shown that the suggested methodology has the potential to be applied for improving the antenna performance. Maximum radiation intensity (Umax) of the order of 0.47w/st was recorded, directivity of 6.58dB, and gain better than 6.07dB are readily achievable for the antenna that working. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=directivity" title="directivity">directivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=director" title=" director"> director</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip%20antenna" title=" microstrip antenna"> microstrip antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gain%20improvment" title=" gain improvment"> gain improvment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46501/directivity-and-gain-improvement-for-microstrip-array-antenna-with-directors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Enhanced Bit Error Rate in Visible Light Communication: A New LED Hexagonal Array Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Matter">Karim Matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Fayed"> Heba Fayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abd-Elaziz"> Ahmed Abd-Elaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Hussein"> Moustafa Hussein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the exponential growth of mobile devices and wireless services, a huge demand for radiofrequency has increased. The presence of several frequencies causes interference between cells, which must be minimized to get the lower Bit Error Rate (BER). For this reason, it is of great interest to use visible light communication (VLC). This paper suggests a VLC system that decreases the BER by applying a new LED distribution with a hexagonal shape using a Frequency Reuse (FR) concept to mitigate the interference between the reused frequencies inside the hexagonal shape. The BER is measured in two scenarios, Line of Sight (LoS) and Non-Line of Sight (Non-LoS), for each technique that we used. The recommended values of BER in the proposed model for Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) in the case of Los at 4, 8, and 10 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR), are 3.6×10⁻⁶, 6.03×10⁻¹³, and 2.66×10⁻¹⁸, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visible%20light%20communication%20%28VLC%29" title="visible light communication (VLC)">visible light communication (VLC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20of%20view%20%28FoV%29" title=" field of view (FoV)"> field of view (FoV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexagonal%20array" title=" hexagonal array"> hexagonal array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20reuse" title=" frequency reuse"> frequency reuse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146526/enhanced-bit-error-rate-in-visible-light-communication-a-new-led-hexagonal-array-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Weak Mutually Unbiased Bases versus Mutually Unbiased Bases in Terms of T-Designs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Shalaby">Mohamed Shalaby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Kamal"> Yasser Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negm%20Shawky"> Negm Shawky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) have an important role in the field of quantum computation and information. A complete set of these bases can be constructed when the system dimension is the power of the prime. Constructing such complete set in composite dimensions is still an open problem. Recently, the concept of weak mutually unbiased bases (WMUBs) in composite dimensions was introduced. A complete set of such bases can be constructed by combining the MUBs in each subsystem. In this paper, we present a comparative study between MUBs and WMUBs in the context of complex projective t-design. Explicit proofs are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20projective%20t-design" title="complex projective t-design">complex projective t-design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20quantum%20systems" title=" finite quantum systems"> finite quantum systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutually%20unbiased%20bases" title=" mutually unbiased bases"> mutually unbiased bases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20mutually%20unbiased%20bases" title=" weak mutually unbiased bases "> weak mutually unbiased bases </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33996/weak-mutually-unbiased-bases-versus-mutually-unbiased-bases-in-terms-of-t-designs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33996.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Impact of Egypt’s Energy Demand on Oil and Gas Power Systems Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Osman%20Mohamed"> Moustafa Osman Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will explore the influence of energy sector in Arab Republic of Egypt which has shared its responsibilities of many environmental challenges as the second largest economy in the Middle East (after Iran). Air and water pollution, desertification, inadequate disposal of solid waste and damage to coral reefs are serious problems that influence environmental management in Egypt. The intensive reliance of high population density and strong industrial growth are wearing Egypt's resources, and the rapidly-growing population has forced Egypt to breakdown agricultural land to residential and relevant use of commercial ingestion. The depletion effects of natural resources impose the government to apply innovation techniques in emission control and focus on sustainability. The cogeneration will be presented to control thermal losses and increase efficiency of energy power system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cogeneration" title="cogeneration">cogeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20management" title=" environmental management"> environmental management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20electricity" title=" power electricity"> power electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20indicators" title=" energy indicators"> energy indicators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53116/impact-of-egypts-energy-demand-on-oil-and-gas-power-systems-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) during Start-Up Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20M.%20Bassuney">D. M. Bassuney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Ibrahim"> W. A. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20A.%20E.%20Moustafa"> Medhat A. E. Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Appropriate start-up of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is considered to be the most delicate and important issue in the anaerobic process, and depends on several factors such as wastewater composition, reactor configuration, inoculum and operating conditions. In this work, the start-up performance of an ABR with working volume of 30 liters, fed continuously with synthetic food industrial wastewater along with semi-batch study to measure the methangenic activity by specific methanogenic activity (SMA) test were carried out at various organic loading rates (OLRs) to determine the best OLR used to start up the reactor. The comparison was based on COD removal efficiencies, start-up time, pH stability and methane production. An OLR of 1.8 Kg COD/m3d (5400 gCOD/m3 and 3 days HRT) showed best overall performance with COD removal efficiency of 94.44% after four days from the feeding and methane production of 3802 ml/L with an overall SMA of 0.36 gCH4-COD/gVS.d <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20baffled%20reactor" title="anaerobic baffled reactor">anaerobic baffled reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20reactor%20start-up" title=" anaerobic reactor start-up"> anaerobic reactor start-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20industrial%20wastewater" title=" food industrial wastewater"> food industrial wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20methanogenic%20activity" title=" specific methanogenic activity"> specific methanogenic activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9694/performance-of-an-anaerobic-baffled-reactor-abr-during-start-up-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> A Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Folic Acid - A Vitamin B9 in Pharmaceutical Dosage Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chand%20Pasha">Chand Pasha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Turki%20Alharbi"> Yasser Turki Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krasamira%20Stancheva"> Krasamira Stancheva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of folic acid in pharmaceutical dosage samples was developed. The method is based on the diazotization reaction of thiourea with sodium nitrite in acidic medium yields diazonium compounds, which is then coupled with folic acid in basic medium yields yellow coloured azo dyes. Beer’s Lamberts law is observed in the range 0.5 – 16.2 μgmL-1 at a maximum wavelength of 416nm. The molar absorbtivity, sandells sensitivity, linear regression equation and detection limit and quantitation limit were found to be 5.695×104 L mol-1cm-1, 7.752×10-3 g cm-2, y= 0.092x - 0.018, 0.687 g mL-1 and 2.083 g mL-1. This method successfully determined Folate in Pharmaceutical formulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folic%20acid%20determination" title="folic acid determination">folic acid determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrophotometry" title=" spectrophotometry"> spectrophotometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diazotization" title=" diazotization"> diazotization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiourea" title=" thiourea"> thiourea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20dosage%20samples" title=" pharmaceutical dosage samples"> pharmaceutical dosage samples</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179739/a-spectrophotometric-method-for-the-determination-of-folic-acid-a-vitamin-b9-in-pharmaceutical-dosage-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Using Gene Expression Programming in Learning Process of Rough Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanaa%20Rashed%20Abdallah">Sanaa Rashed Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20F.%20Hassan"> Yasser F. Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper will introduce an approach where a rough sets, gene expression programming and rough neural networks are used cooperatively for learning and classification support. The Objective of gene expression programming rough neural networks (GEP-RNN) approach is to obtain new classified data with minimum error in training and testing process. Starting point of gene expression programming rough neural networks (GEP-RNN) approach is an information system and the output from this approach is a structure of rough neural networks which is including the weights and thresholds with minimum classification error. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20sets" title="rough sets">rough sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression%20programming" title=" gene expression programming"> gene expression programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20neural%20networks" title=" rough neural networks"> rough neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41805/using-gene-expression-programming-in-learning-process-of-rough-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Influence of Chirp of High-Speed Laser Diodes and Fiber Dispersion on Performance of Non-Amplified 40-Gbps Optical Fiber Links</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Bakry">Ahmed Bakry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Ahmed"> Moustafa Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We model and simulate the combined effect of fiber dispersion and frequency chirp of a directly modulated high-speed laser diode on the figures of merit of a non-amplified 40-Gbps optical fiber link. We consider both the return to zero (RZ) and non-return to zero (NRZ) patterns of the pseudorandom modulation bits. The performance of the fiber communication system is assessed by the fiber-length limitation due to the fiber dispersion. We study the influence of replacing standard single-mode fibers by non-zero dispersion-shifted fibers on the maximum fiber length and evaluate the associated power penalty. We introduce new dispersion tolerances for 1-dB power penalty of the RZ and NRZ 40-Gbps optical fiber links. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20error%20rate" title="bit error rate">bit error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20chirp" title=" frequency chirp"> frequency chirp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20communications" title=" fiber communications"> fiber communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20laser" title=" semiconductor laser"> semiconductor laser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10587/influence-of-chirp-of-high-speed-laser-diodes-and-fiber-dispersion-on-performance-of-non-amplified-40-gbps-optical-fiber-links" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">641</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Combined Localization, Beamforming, and Interference Threshold Estimation in Underlay Cognitive System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Nasr">Omar Nasr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Naguib"> Yasser Naguib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hafez"> Mohamed Hafez </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims at providing an innovative solution for blind interference threshold estimation in an underlay cognitive network to be used in adaptive beamforming by secondary user Transmitter and Receiver. For the task of threshold estimation, blind detection of modulation and SNR are used. For the sake of beamforming several localization algorithms are compared to settle on best one for cognitive environment. Beamforming algorithms as LCMV (Linear Constraint Minimum Variance) and MVDR (Minimum Variance Distortion less) are also proposed and compared. The idea of just nulling the primary user after knowledge of its location is discussed against the idea of working under interference threshold. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20%20radio" title="cognitive radio">cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underlay" title=" underlay"> underlay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beamforming" title=" beamforming"> beamforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MUSIC" title=" MUSIC"> MUSIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MVDR" title=" MVDR"> MVDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCMV" title=" LCMV"> LCMV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threshold%20estimation" title=" threshold estimation"> threshold estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17541/combined-localization-beamforming-and-interference-threshold-estimation-in-underlay-cognitive-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">582</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Industrial Wastewater Treatment Improvements Using Limestone </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamdouh%20Y.%20Saleh">Mamdouh Y. Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaber%20El%20Enany"> Gaber El Enany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20H.%20Elzahar"> Medhat H. Elzahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20H.%20Omran"> Moustafa H. Omran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discharge limits of industrial wastewater effluents are subjected to regulations which are getting more restricted with time. A former research occurred in Port Said city studied the efficiency of treating industrial wastewater using the first stage (A-stage) of the multiple-stage plant (AB-system).From the results of this former research, the effluent treated wastewater has high rates of total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The purpose of this paper is to improve the treatment process in removing TDS and COD. So a pilot plant was constructed at wastewater pump station in the industrial area in the south of Port Said. Experimental work was divided into several groups adding powdered limestone with different dosages to wastewater, and for each group wastewater was filtered after being mixed with activated carbon. pH and TSS as variables were also studied. Significant removals of TDS and COD were observed in these experiments showing that using effective adsorbents can aid such removals to a large extent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20wastewater" title=" synthetic wastewater"> synthetic wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TDS%20removal" title=" TDS removal"> TDS removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD%20removal" title=" COD removal"> COD removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29474/industrial-wastewater-treatment-improvements-using-limestone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Rough Neural Networks in Adapting Cellular Automata Rule for Reducing Image Noise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20F.%20Hassan">Yasser F. Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reduction or removal of noise in a color image is an essential part of image processing, whether the final information is used for human perception or for an automatic inspection and analysis. This paper describes the modeling system based on the rough neural network model to adaptive cellular automata for various image processing tasks and noise remover. In this paper, we consider the problem of object processing in colored image using rough neural networks to help deriving the rules which will be used in cellular automata for noise image. The proposed method is compared with some classical and recent methods. The results demonstrate that the new model is capable of being trained to perform many different tasks, and that the quality of these results is comparable or better than established specialized algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20sets" title="rough sets">rough sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20neural%20networks" title=" rough neural networks"> rough neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellular%20automata" title=" cellular automata"> cellular automata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1516/rough-neural-networks-in-adapting-cellular-automata-rule-for-reducing-image-noise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Complicated Sinusitis with Sphenopalatine Artery Thrombosis in a Covid-19 Patient</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Mahmood">Sara Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Ahmed"> Omar Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssef%20Aladham"> Youssef Aladham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Abdelnaby"> Moustafa Abdelnaby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The varied complications of COVID-19 present an ongoing challenge to healthcare professionals. A rare presentation of complicated sinusitis with pre-septal cellulitis and hard palatal necrosis in a COVID-19 patient, was reported. A 52-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with typical COVID manifestations where he had two successive COVID-19 positive swabs. During his admission, he developed symptoms of right orbital complications of sinusitis along with both clinical and radiological evidence of ipsilateral hard palatal necrosis. Imaging confirmed a diagnosis of right pan-sinusitis complicated with right pre-septal infection and hard palatal bony defect on the same side. Intra-operatively, the sphenopalatine artery was found to be thrombosed. This case focuses on the possible association between these manifestations and the known thromboembolic complications of COVID-19. Ongoing management of such complicated rare cases should be through a multidisciplinary team. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sinusitis" title=" sinusitis"> sinusitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sphenopalatine%20artery" title=" sphenopalatine artery"> sphenopalatine artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thrombosis" title=" thrombosis"> thrombosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138323/complicated-sinusitis-with-sphenopalatine-artery-thrombosis-in-a-covid-19-patient" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Establishing the Optimum Location of a Single Tower Crane Using a Smart Mathematical Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Abo%20El-Magd">Yasser Abo El-Magd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wael%20Fawzy%20Mohamed"> Wael Fawzy Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the great development in construction and building field, there are many projects and huge works appeared which consume many construction materials. Accordingly, that causes difficulty in handling traditional transportation means (ordinary cranes) due to their limited capacity; there is an urgent need to use high capacity cranes such as tower cranes. However, with regard to their high expense, we have to take into consideration selecting what type of cranes to be utilized which has been discussed by many researchers. In this research, a proposed technique was created to select the suitable type of crane and the best place for crane erection, in addition to minimum radius for requested crane in order to minimize cost. To fulfill that target, a computer program is designed to numerate these problems, demonstrating an example explaining how to apply program and the result donated the best place. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tower%20crane" title="tower crane">tower crane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jib%20length" title=" jib length"> jib length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20time" title=" operating time"> operating time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=location" title=" location"> location</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasible%20area" title=" feasible area"> feasible area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51801/establishing-the-optimum-location-of-a-single-tower-crane-using-a-smart-mathematical-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Fundamentals and Techniques of Organic Agriculture in Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Odah">Moustafa Odah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organic Agriculture is a new and sustainable agricultural system that depends on the use of organic materials from within the farm resulting from crop residues and animal husbandry and the cultivation of leguminous crops, away from the use of chemicals in fertilization or pest resistance, which leads to the production of safe, clean and healthy food products with nutritional value high and free of chemicals enhance food security; it is also an agricultural model preserve natural resources by improving the fertility and soil characteristics, and enhance biodiversity and biological cycles; additionally, they preserve the environment from pollution, which makes it play an important role in providing food needs of the present generations and the preservation of the rights of the coming generations to achieve sustainable development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20agriculture" title="organic agriculture">organic agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security%20and%20achieving%20sustainable%20development" title=" food security and achieving sustainable development"> food security and achieving sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilization%20or%20pest%20resistance" title=" fertilization or pest resistance"> fertilization or pest resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20residues%20%20and%20animal%20husbandry%20and%20the%20cultivation%20of%20leguminous%20crops" title=" crop residues and animal husbandry and the cultivation of leguminous crops"> crop residues and animal husbandry and the cultivation of leguminous crops</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163794/fundamentals-and-techniques-of-organic-agriculture-in-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span 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