Iron Recovery from Red Mud as Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method

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Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method</title> <meta name="description" content="Iron Recovery from Red Mud as Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method"> <meta name="keywords" content="Alumina, electrochemical reduction, iron production, red mud."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Iron Recovery from Red Mud as Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Franky Michael Hamonangan Siagian"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Affan Maulana"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Panut Mulyono"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Widi Astuti"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2024/01/08"> <meta 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Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Franky%20Michael%20Hamonangan%20Siagian">Franky Michael Hamonangan Siagian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Affan%20Maulana"> Affan Maulana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Himawan%20Tri%20Bayu%20Murti%20Petrus"> Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Panut%20Mulyono"> Panut Mulyono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Widi%20Astuti"> Widi Astuti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, the feasibility of the direct electrowinning method was used to produce zero-valent iron from red mud. The red mud sample came from the Tayan mine, Indonesia, which contains high hematite (Fe2O3). Before electrolysis, the samples were characterized by various analytical techniques (ICP-AES, SEM, XRD) to determine their chemical composition and mineralogy. The direct electrowinning method of red mud suspended in NaOH was introduced at low temperatures ranging from 30-110 °C. Current density and temperature variations were carried out to determine the optimum operation of the direct electrowinning process. Cathode deposits and residues in electrochemical cells were analyzed using XRD, XRF, and SEM to determine the chemical composition and current recovery. The low-temperature electrolysis current efficiency on Redmud can reach 11.8% recovery at a current density of 796 A/m². The moderate performance of the process was investigated with red mud, which was attributed to the troublesome adsorption of red mud particles on the cathode, making the reduction far less efficient than that with hematite.</p> <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10013448.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alumina" title="Alumina">Alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electrochemical%20reduction" title=" electrochemical reduction"> electrochemical reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iron%20production" title=" iron production"> iron production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=red%20mud." title=" red mud."> red mud.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/iron-recovery-from-red-mud-as-zero-valent-iron-metal-powder-using-direct-electrochemical-reduction-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> mguru R, Rath P, Misra V. Trends in Red Mud Utilization – A Review. Miner Process Extr Metall Rev - Min Process EXTR Met REV 2004; 26: 1–29. <br>[2] Borra CR, Blanpain B, Pontikes Y, et al. Smelting of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) in View of Iron and Selective Rare Earths Recovery. J Sustain Metall 2016; 2: 28–37. <br>[3] Modin H, Persson K, Andersson A, et al. Removal of metals from landfill leachate by sorption to activated carbon, bone meal and iron fines. J Hazard Mater 2011; 189: 749–754. <br>[4] Pontikes Y, Angelopoulos GN. Bauxite residue in cement and cementitious applications: Current status and a possible way forward. Resour Conserv Recycl 2013; 73: 53–63. <br>[5] Ardau C, Lattanzi P, Peretti R, et al. Treatment of Mine Wastes with Transformed Red Muds (TRM) and Other Iron Compounds: Leaching Column Tests. Procedia Earth Planet Sci 2013; 7: 467–470. <br>[6] Binnemans K, Jones PT, Blanpain B, et al. Recycling of rare earths: a critical review. J Clean Prod 2013; 51: 1–22. <br>[7] Guo Y, Gao J, Xu H, et al. Nuggets Production by Direct Reduction of High Iron Red Mud. J Iron Steel Res Int 2013; 20: 24–27. <br>[8] Lopes D, Kovalevsky A, Quina M, et al. Electrochemical deposition of zero-valent iron from alkaline ceramic suspensions of Fe2-xAlxO3 for iron valorisation. J Electrochem Soc. Epub ahead of print 8 June 2020. DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ab9a2b. <br>[9] Junjie Y. Progress and Future of Breakthrough Low-carbon Steelmaking Technology (ULCOS) of EU. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall 2018; 3: 15. <br>[10] Koutsoupa S, Koutalidi S, Balomenos E, et al. ΣIDERWIN—A New Route for Iron Production. Mater Proc 2021; 5: 58. <br>[11] Maihatchi Ahamed A, Pons MN, Ricoux Q, et al. Production of electrolytic iron from red mud in alkaline media. J Environ Manage; 266. Epub ahead of print 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110547. <br>[12] USGS. Mineral commodity summaries 2023. Reston, VA. Epub ahead of print 2023. 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Iron Recovery from Red Mud as Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method