CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="cv" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>UNIX — Википеди</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cvwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Кӑрлач","Нарӑс","Пуш","Ака","Ҫу","Ҫӗртме","Утӑ","Ҫурла","Авӑн","Юпа","Чӳк","Раштав"],"wgRequestId":"93494c22-a2c3-4c90-9e62-7a92726994f8","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"UNIX","wgTitle":"UNIX","wgCurRevisionId":476317,"wgRevisionId":476317,"wgArticleId":22169,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Википеди:Çăлкуç каçисĕр статьясем","UNIX","Операци системисем"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"cv","wgPageContentLanguage":"cv","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"UNIX","wgRelevantArticleId":22169,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"cv","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"cv"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":3000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11368","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready", "user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cv&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=cv&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cv&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/1200px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="675"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/800px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="450"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/640px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="360"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="UNIX — Википеди"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//cv.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Тӳрлет" href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Википеди (cv)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//cv.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cv"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Википеди - Atom хăю" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-UNIX rootpage-UNIX skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Контент патне куҫ</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Тӗп меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Тӗп меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Тӗп меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигаци </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Тӗп страницӑна куҫ [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Тӗп страница</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8"><span>А-Я индекс</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B"><span>Ҫӗнӗ страницӑсем</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Юлашки улшӑнусен йышӗ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Улшăннисем</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Ӑнсӑртран суйланӑ страницӑпа паллаш [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ăнсăртран лекнĕ страница</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Хальхи пулӑмсем ҫинчен"><span>Хыпарсем</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Хутшăнасси" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Хутшăнасси" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Хутшăнасси </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Проект пирки, кунта мӗн тума май пулли ҫинчен, тата ӑҫта мӗн вырнаҫни пирки"><span>Портал</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%83"><span>Канашлу</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88%D1%83" title="Ыйтса пӗлмелли вырӑн"><span>Пулăшу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Википеди" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cv.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cv.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Шырав [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Шырамалли</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Википеди сайтра шыра" aria-label="Википеди сайтра шыра" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Шырав [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Ятарлă:Поиск"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Шыра</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ман хатĕрсем"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Курӑнакан калӑплав</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cv.wikipedia.org&uselang=cv" class=""><span>Нимелле пулӑшу</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=UNIX" title="Эпир сире, кӑна тума кирлех мар пулин те, аккаунт хатӗрлесе системӑна кӗме сӗнетпӗр" class=""><span>Аккаунт хатӗрле</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=UNIX" title="Аккаунт хатӗрлесе кӗрӗр, анчах ку кирлех мар [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Кӗр</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Анлӑрах опцисем" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ман хатĕрсем" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ман хатĕрсем</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Хутшӑнакан менюйӗ" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cv.wikipedia.org&uselang=cv"><span>Нимелле пулӑшу</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=UNIX" title="Эпир сире, кӑна тума кирлех мар пулин те, аккаунт хатӗрлесе системӑна кӗме сӗнетпӗр"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Аккаунт хатӗрле</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=UNIX" title="Аккаунт хатӗрлесе кӗрӗр, анчах ку кирлех мар [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Кӗр</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Системӑна кӗменнисем валли хатӗрленӗ страницӑсем <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88%D1%83:%D0%9F%D1%83%D2%AB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D3%91%D1%88" aria-label="Тӳрлетесси пирки тӗплӗнрех"><span>ытларах пӗл</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ку IP адресран тунӑ тӳрлетӳсем [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Хывнӑ тӳпе</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%91_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="IP адресӑн сӳтсе яву страници [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Сӳтсе явни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Тупмалли" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Тупмалли</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пуҫламӑш</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Тĕслĕхсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тĕслĕхсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Тĕслĕхсем</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Тĕслĕхсем-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Тĕслĕхсем айри пая Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Тĕслĕхсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ватă_системăсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ватă_системăсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ватă системăсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ватă_системăсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UNIX-евĕрлисем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UNIX-евĕрлисем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>UNIX-евĕрлисем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UNIX-евĕрлисем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Стандартсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Стандартсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Стандартсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Стандартсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UNIX_хушмасем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UNIX_хушмасем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>UNIX хушмасем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UNIX_хушмасем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çавăн_пекех_пăхăр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çавăн_пекех_пăхăр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Çавăн пекех пăхăр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çавăн_пекех_пăхăр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Каçăсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Каçăсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Каçăсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Каçăсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Тупмалли" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">UNIX</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Урӑх чӗлхери статья патне куҫ. 107 чӗлхелли пур" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-107" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">107 чӗлхе</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3" title="يونكس — арап" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يونكس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="ইউনিক্স — бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউনিক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="یوونیکس — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یوونیکس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — нимӗҫ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нимӗҫ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — акӑлчан" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="акӑлчан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unikso" title="Unikso — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Unikso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="یونیکس — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یونیکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — франци" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франци" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="यूनिक्स — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूनिक्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%BD" title="Յունիքս — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յունիքս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — япони" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/lo_.uniks." title="lo .uniks. — ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="lo .uniks." data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಯುನಿಕ್ಸ್ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯುನಿಕ್ಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8B%89%EC%8A%A4" title="유닉스 — корей" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유닉스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Уникс — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Уникс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="യുണിക്സ് — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യുണിക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="युनिक्स — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युनिक्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ယူးနစ်စ် — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယူးနစ်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D" title="युनिक्स् — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="युनिक्स्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — голланди" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голланди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — поляк" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — португали" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — вырӑс" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="вырӑс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="යුනික්ස් — сингальский" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යුනික්ස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="யுனிக்சு — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யுனிக்சு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="యునిక్స్ — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="యునిక్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C" title="ยูนิกซ์ — тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยูนิกซ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — турккӑ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турккӑ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="یونکس — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یونکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A1" title="יוניקס — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יוניקס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — китай" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix" title="Unix — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Unix" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="UNIX" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11368#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Чӗлхесем хушшинчи каҫӑсем" class="wbc-editpage">Каҫӑсене тӳрлет</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ятсен уҫлӑхӗ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UNIX" title="Статьяна пăх [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Страница</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D3%B3%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8:UNIX&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Статьяна сӳтсе явасси (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Сӳтсе яв</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Чӗлхе вариантне улӑштар" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">чӑвашла</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Пурĕ пăхнă"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UNIX"><span>Вула</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit" title="Кăна тӳрлет [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодне тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=history" title="Страницӑна улӑштарнин журналӗ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Истори</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хатĕрсем" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хатĕрсем</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Хатӗрсем</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Анлӑрах опцисем" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ӗҫсем </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UNIX"><span>Вула</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit" title="Кăна тӳрлет [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодне тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=history"><span>Истори</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Пӗтӗмӗшле </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0/UNIX" title="Кунта куҫаракан мӗнпур страницӑн ят-йышӗ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Кунта каҫараканнисем</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8/UNIX" rel="nofollow" title="Ку страницӑра кӑтартнӑ каҫӑсенче вырнаҫнӑ страницӑсенчи юлашки улшӑнусем [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Ҫыхӑннӑ улшӑнусем</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cv" title="Файлсене тиесси [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл тие</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Ятарлӑ страницӑсен йышӗ [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Ятарлă страницăсем</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&oldid=476317" title="Страницӑн ҫак версине кӑтартакан яланхи каҫӑ"><span>Яланхи вырăн</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=info" title="Ку страница ҫинчен тӗплӗнрех"><span>Страница ҫинчен</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=UNIX&id=476317&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Ҫак эле мӗнле цитатӑласси"><span>Страницăна цитатăла</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUNIX"><span>Кӗске URL адреса ил</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUNIX"><span>QR-код уҫласа ил</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Пичет/экспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=UNIX"><span>Кĕнеке тумалли</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:DownloadAsPdf&page=UNIX&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF пек уҫласа ил</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&printable=yes" title="Ҫак страницӑн пичет версийӗ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Пичет версийĕ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ытти проектсенче </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Unix" hreflang="en"><span>Викисклад</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11368" title="Ссылка на связанный элемент репозитория данных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata элеменчӗ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Курӑнакан калӑплав</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">пытар</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">«Википеди» ирĕклĕ энциклопединчи материал</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Unix_history-simple.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/220px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/330px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg/440px-Unix_history-simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>UNIX генеалоги йывăçĕ</figcaption></figure> <p><b>UNIX</b> - куçăмлă та нумай тĕллевлĕ <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Компьютер">компьютер</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Операци системи">операци системисен</a> ушкăнĕ. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=AT%26T&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AT&T (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">AT&T</a> 1969 çулта ĕçленĕ UNIX операци системи <a href="/w/index.php?title=DEC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEC (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">DEC</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=PDP-7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PDP-7 (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">PDP-7</a> валли. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тĕслĕхсем"><span id=".D0.A2.C4.95.D1.81.D0.BB.C4.95.D1.85.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Тĕслĕхсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Тĕслĕхсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Тĕслĕхсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIX" title="AIX">AIX</a> (<a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP-UX" title="HP-UX">HP-UX</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=HP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HP (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">HP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRIX" title="IRIX">IRIX</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SGI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SGI (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">SGI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Apple&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apple (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Apple</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaris" title="Solaris">Solaris</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oracle_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oracle Corporation (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Oracle Corporation</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tru64&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tru64 (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Tru64</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=DEC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEC (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">DEC</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compaq (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Compaq</a>, HP)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UnixWare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UnixWare (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">UnixWare</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenServer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenServer (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">OpenServer</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SCO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCO (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">SCO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z/OS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z/OS (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">z/OS</a> (IBM)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ватă_системăсем"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.83_.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BC.C4.83.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Ватă системăсем</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Ватă системăсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Ватă системăсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System V (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">System V</a> (AT&T, Sun)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunOS" title="SunOS">SunOS</a> (Sun Microsystems)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RSX-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RSX-11 (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">RSX-11</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=RT-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RT-11 (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">RT-11</a> (DEC)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amiga_UNIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amiga UNIX (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Amiga UNIX</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Commodore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commodore (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Commodore</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UNIX-евĕрлисем"><span id="UNIX-.D0.B5.D0.B2.C4.95.D1.80.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>UNIX-евĕрлисем</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=3" title="UNIX-евĕрлисем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «UNIX-евĕрлисем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BSD" title="BSD">BSD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linux (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Стандартсем"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.82.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Стандартсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Стандартсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «Стандартсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_UNIX_Specification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Single UNIX Specification (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Single UNIX Specification</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=POSIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="POSIX (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">POSIX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="UNIX_хушмасем"><span id="UNIX_.D1.85.D1.83.D1.88.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>UNIX хушмасем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=5" title="UNIX хушмасем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «UNIX хушмасем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Файлсен системи валли: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ls (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ls</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mv (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">mv</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rm (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">rm</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cp (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">cp</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ln_(UNIX)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ln (UNIX) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ln</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chdir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chdir (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">cd</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pwd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pwd (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">pwd</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mkdir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mkdir (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">mkdir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rmdir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rmdir (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">rmdir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Find&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Find (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">find</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Du&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Du (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">du</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Df&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Df (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">df</a>;</li> <li>Файлсене сăнани тата редакцилени: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Touch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Touch (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">touch</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=More&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="More (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">more</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Less&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Less (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">less</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ed (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ed</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ex (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ex</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vi (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">vi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emacs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emacs (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">emacs</a>;</li> <li>Текстпе ĕçлени: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echo (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">echo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cat (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">cat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grep&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grep (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">grep</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sort (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">sort</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uniq (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">uniq</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sed (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">sed</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Awk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awk (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">awk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tee (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">tee</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Head&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Head (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">head</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tail (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">tail</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cut (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">cut</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tr (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">tr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Split&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Split (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">split</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Printf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Printf (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">printf</a>;</li> <li>Файлсен танлаштарăвĕ: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comm (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">comm</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cmp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cmp (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">cmp</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diff (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">diff</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patch_(UNIX)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patch (UNIX) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">patch</a>;</li> <li>Команда интерпретаторĕн тĕрлĕ сăнарлă утилитсем: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yes_(Unix)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yes (Unix) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">yes</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_(UNIX)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Test (UNIX) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">test</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xargs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xargs (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">xargs</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expr (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">expr</a>;</li> <li>Системăна администрацилени: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chmod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chmod (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">chmod</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chown (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">chown</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ps (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ps</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Su&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Su (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">su</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=W_(UNIX)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W (UNIX) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">w</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Who&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Who (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">who</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Df&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Df (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">df</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">mount</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umount&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umount (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">umount</a>;</li> <li>Коммуникацисем: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mail_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mail (программа) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">mail</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telnet_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telnet (программа) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">telnet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ftp_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ftp (программа) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ftp</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Finger_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finger (программа) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">finger</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ssh_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ssh (программа) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ssh</a>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNIX команда сийĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Команда сийĕсем</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bourne_shell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bourne shell (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">sh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bash (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">bash</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=C_shell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C shell (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">csh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korn_shell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korn shell (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ksh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tcsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tcsh (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">tcsh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zsh (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">zsh</a>;</li> <li>Малтанхи тата объект кодĕпе ĕçлени: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cc (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">cc</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gcc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gcc (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">gcc</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ld (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ld</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nm (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">nm</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yacc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yacc (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">yacc</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bison (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">bison</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lex (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">lex</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flex (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">flex</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar_(UNIX)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ar (UNIX) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ranlib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ranlib (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ranlib</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Make&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Make (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">make</a>;</li> <li>Пăчăртани тата архивлани: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compress (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">compress</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uncompress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uncompress (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">uncompress</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gzip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gzip (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">gzip</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunzip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunzip (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">gunzip</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tar (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">tar</a></li> <li>Иккĕллĕ файлсемпе ĕçлени: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Od&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Od (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">od</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strings (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">strings</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çавăн_пекех_пăхăр"><span id=".C3.87.D0.B0.D0.B2.C4.83.D0.BD_.D0.BF.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.B5.D1.85_.D0.BF.C4.83.D1.85.C4.83.D1.80"></span>Çавăн пекех пăхăр</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Çавăн пекех пăхăр пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать код раздела «Çавăн пекех пăхăр»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multics (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Multics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Каçăсем"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.C3.A7.C4.83.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Каçăсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Каçăсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit&section=7" title="Редактировать код раздела «Каçăсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"><div><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%C3%87%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7_%D0%BA%D0%B0%C3%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Çăлкуç каçисем"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/48px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/72px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/96px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> </td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Çак статьяра <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%C3%87%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7_%D0%BA%D0%B0%C3%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Википеди:Çăлкуç каçисем">çăлкуç каçисене</a> пĕлтермен.</b><div class="ambox-text-small">Информаци <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A2%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%95%D1%85" title="Википеди:Тĕрĕслемеллĕх">тĕрĕссине</a> кăтартакан çăлкуç пулмалла, унсăрăн ăна кăларса пăрахма та пултараççĕ.<br />Эсир çак статья валли <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BB%C4%83_%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Википеди:Сумлă çăлкуçсем">сумлă çăлкуç</a> тупса <a class="external text" href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UNIX&action=edit">хушма</a> пултаратăр.</div> </td> <td class="widthhack"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks" style="margin:auto;;"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Unix-like" title="Шаблон:Unix-like"><span title="Шаблоне пăх" style="">п</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D3%B3%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8:Unix-like&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблона сӳтсе явмалли:Unix-like (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)"><span title="Шаблоне сӳтсе явни" style="">с</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Unix-like&action=edit"><span title="Шаблоне тӳрлет" style=";">т</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unix-%D0%B5%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%80_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unix-евĕр операци системисем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">UNIX-евĕр операци системисем</a></span></th> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <div> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=A/UX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A/UX (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">A/UX</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/AIX" title="AIX">AIX</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amiga_UNIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amiga UNIX (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">AMIX</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/BSD" title="BSD">BSD</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynix_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dynix (операци системи) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Dynix</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNU (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">GNU</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linux (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Linux</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/HP-UX" title="HP-UX">HP-UX</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IRIX" title="IRIX">IRIX</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minix (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Minix</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetBSD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NetBSD (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">NetBSD</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NeXTSTEP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NeXTSTEP (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">NeXTSTEP</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenBSD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenBSD (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">OpenBSD</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-BSD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PC-BSD (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">PC-BSD</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plan_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plan 9 (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Plan 9</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plan_B_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plan B (операци системи) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Plan B</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Unix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Unix (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Research Unix</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=QNX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="QNX (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">QNX</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SCO_OpenServer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCO OpenServer (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">SCO OpenServer</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solaris_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (операци системи)">Solaris</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIX_System_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNIX System V (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">System V</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tru64_UNIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tru64 UNIX (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Tru64</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=BSD/OS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BSD/OS (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">BSD/OS</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenix (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Xenix</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ClosedBSD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ClosedBSD (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ClosedBSD</a> •</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81-%D0%B5%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%80_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Категори:Юникс-евĕр операци системисем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">урăххисем…</a></i></span> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Çăлкуç — «<a dir="ltr" href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UNIX&oldid=476317">https://cv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UNIX&oldid=476317</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Ятарлă:Категории">Категорисем</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:UNIX" title="Категори:UNIX">UNIX</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Категори:Операци системисем">Операци системисем</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Пытарнă категори: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%C3%87%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7_%D0%BA%D0%B0%C3%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%C4%95%D1%80_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Категори:Википеди:Çăлкуç каçисĕр статьясем">Википеди:Çăлкуç каçисĕр статьясем</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ку страницăна юлашки хут 9 Пуш уйӑхӗн 2013 14:59 улӑштарнӑ.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike лицензипе</a> сарӑлать, хӑшпӗр чухне хушма условисем пулма пултараҫҫӗ. Тӗплӗнрех <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Условия_использования">Усӑ курмалли условисем</a> пӑх.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">Конфиденциальность йĕркисем</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8_%C3%A7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD">Википеди çинчен</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%AF%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D3%91%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8">Яваплӑха илменни</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Кодекс поведения</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Разработчиксем</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/cv.wikipedia.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Кукес пирки пӗлтерни</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//cv.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UNIX&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобильлӗ верси</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-6n87w","wgBackendResponseTime":141,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.057","walltime":"0.076","ppvisitednodes":{"value":627,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":12589,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5152,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":735,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 33.194 1 -total"," 63.79% 21.176 1 Шаблон:Unix-like"," 57.42% 19.060 1 Шаблон:Çӳрев_тапăлĕ"," 35.98% 11.943 1 Шаблон:Каçă_çук"," 30.57% 10.146 1 Шаблон:Tnavbar_(beta)"," 29.48% 9.784 1 Шаблон:Ambox"," 19.33% 6.418 3 Шаблон:Transclude"," 11.24% 3.731 3 Шаблон:First_character"," 6.81% 2.260 29 Шаблон:Nobr"," 5.15% 1.711 3 Шаблон:Str_left"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.canary-6594497df4-qgwdk","timestamp":"20241124110439","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"UNIX","url":"https:\/\/cv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UNIX","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11368","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11368","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-02-28T09:56:30Z","dateModified":"2013-03-09T14:59:55Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/77\/Unix_history-simple.svg"}</script> </body> </html>