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section-default"><div class="container"><div class="section-row"><main class="section-column maincontent-wrap" role="main"><div id="c8363" class="frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="textpic textpic-above"><div class="textpic-item textpic-gallery"></div><div class="textpic-item textpic-text"><header class="frame-header"><h1 class="element-header "><span>Spare parts and repairs: A right in Europe?</span></h1><p class=""><time datetime="01-08-2024"> 1 August, 2024</time></p></header><p><strong>Europe has taken measures favouring a circular economy such as eco-design standards, availability of spare parts or the right to repair. France is a pioneer in Europe on the circular economy and strongly encourages repair rather than exchange of defective products. This article presents the European measures as well as the measures in France and in other EU countries to encourage product repair.</strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c8364" class="frame frame-default frame-type-list frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div data-mail-url="mailto:" data-orientation="horizontal" data-theme="standard" data-services="["twitter","linkedin","whatsapp","mail","print"]" data-lang="en" class="shariff"></div></div></div></div><div id="c11631" class="frame frame-default frame-type-accordion frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="accordion" id="accordion-11631"><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11631-4746"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11631-4746" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11631" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11631-4746"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Summary</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11631-4746" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11631-4746" data-parent="#accordion-11631"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><ol><li>Manufacturers must provide spare parts</li><li>France, a European pioneer in the circular economy</li><li>The right to repair in the European Union</li><li>The right to repairs in the European countries</li></ol></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c8366" class="frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="textpic textpic-above"><div class="textpic-item textpic-gallery"></div><div class="textpic-item textpic-text"><header class="frame-header"><h2 class="element-header "><span>Manufacturers must provide spare parts</span></h2></header><p>To ensure that spare parts are available within a reasonable period of time and at an attractive price, rules impose on manufacturers that:</p><ul class="list-normal"><li><strong>Spare parts for refrigeration devices</strong> (refrigerators, freezers, wine cellars, etc.) must be <strong>available for 7 years after purchase</strong>.</li><li>Spare parts must be available <strong>for 10 years after the purchase of washing machines, dryers, and dishwashers</strong>.</li><li>Manufacturers must assure the delivery of spare parts within a <strong>waiting period of 15 days</strong>.</li><li>Manufacturers must provide to consumers <strong>a list of spare parts available on the internet</strong>.</li><li>Manufacturers have the obligation to clearly explain through the documentation the defects that may occur, <strong>how to carry out repairs, and their cost</strong>.</li><li>Manufacturers must guarantee that the parts of the appliance can be<strong> replaced with classic tools</strong>.</li></ul><p>More information on <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/fr/qanda_19_5889" target="_blank">the new measures of eco-design</a>.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c11632" class="frame frame-default frame-type-accordion frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><header class="frame-header"><h2 class="element-header "><span>France, a European pioneer in the circular economy</span></h2></header><div class="accordion" id="accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11632-4747"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11632-4747" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11632" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11632-4747"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Obligation to provide information on the availability of spare parts</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11632-4747" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11632-4747" data-parent="#accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Sellers must inform consumers about the <strong>availability or unavailability of spare parts</strong>. If they give no information, the spare parts are presumed to be unavailable. The manufacturer or importer has <strong>15 days to supply</strong> the spare parts.</p><p>For certain electronic and electrical products, spare parts must be available for <strong>at least 5 years</strong> from the date they were placed on the market.  When repairing electronic and electrical products, second-hand spare parts may be used. Brands are forbidden to use any technique, including via software, which makes it impossible for an appliance to be repaired or reconditioned by a repairer other than one approved by the brand. Any practice that limits a repairer's access to spare parts, instructions for use, technical information or any other tool, equipment or software enabling the product to be repaired is prohibited.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11632-4748"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11632-4748" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11632" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11632-4748"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">First European country to impose a reparability index</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11632-4748" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11632-4748" data-parent="#accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-bottom"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-media"><div class="gallery-row"><div class="gallery-item gallery-item-size-1"><figure class="image"><picture><source data-variant="default" data-maxwidth="765" media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/Media/Bilder/Ecologie/Repairiibility_index.PNG"><source data-variant="large" data-maxwidth="630" media="(min-width: 992px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/6/2/csm_Repairiibility_index_ab87df9f5c.png"><source data-variant="medium" data-maxwidth="630" media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/6/2/csm_Repairiibility_index_ab87df9f5c.png"><source data-variant="small" data-maxwidth="450" media="(min-width: 576px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/6/2/csm_Repairiibility_index_d9062c2424.png"><source data-variant="extrasmall" data-maxwidth="324" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/6/2/csm_Repairiibility_index_a9d05d1a15.png"><img loading="lazy" alt="Pictograms of the reparability index" src="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/Media/Bilder/Ecologie/Repairiibility_index.PNG" width="714" height="324"/></picture></figure></div></div></div><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>A <strong>reparability index</strong> must be displayed on <strong>11 household electrical and electronic products.</strong> This includes washing machines with windows and top loading, smartphones, laptops, televisions, electric lawnmowers, dishwashers, high-pressure cleaners, corded and cordless hoovers and robots.</p><p>This index informs you of the <strong>product's ability to be repaired</strong>. Whether you buy these products in a shop in France or on the Internet, on a French website, you must see the reparability index <strong>displayed on the product</strong> or its packaging and at the point of sale or next to the price for online sales. </p><p>It is a uniform coloured <strong>pictogram with a score from 1 to 10</strong>: 1 means your appliance is not very repairable, 10 means it can be easily repaired.</p><p>The reparability index will be replaced by a <strong>sustainability index</strong> from 2025. This will apply to certain product categories, starting with televisions on 8 January 2025 and washing machines with portholes and top-loading washing machines from 8 April 2025. This index incorporates new criteria such as <strong>resistance to stress and wear and tear</strong> in order to better assess a product's durability, beyond its simple repairability. Other product categories should follow and benefit from this index at a later date.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11632-4749"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11632-4749" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11632" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11632-4749"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Visibility for repairers</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11632-4749" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11632-4749" data-parent="#accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>The French Ministry for Ecological Transition and ADEME have set up a <a href="https://epargnonsnosressources.gouv.fr/" target="_blank">website</a> (in French), <strong>where you can find a professional</strong> who repairs, recycles, buys back products or offers any other solution to extend the useful life of objects. The website also offers practical advice on how to buy responsibly, tools and objects to share with neighbours, etc.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11632-4750"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11632-4750" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11632" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11632-4750"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Extended warranties</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11632-4750" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11632-4750" data-parent="#accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>To encourage people to repair rather than exchange faulty products, France provides, for example, that <strong>your legal guarantee of conformity is suspended</strong> while your appliance is being repaired, or that you benefit from a <strong>6-month extended guarantee</strong> if you opt to have your appliance repaired. It even provides for a 2-year warranty renewal if the seller replaces your appliance instead of repairing it as you requested.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11632-4751"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11632-4751" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11632" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11632-4751"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Ban on planned obsolescence</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11632-4751" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11632-4751" data-parent="#accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p><strong>Planned obsolescence</strong> is defined under French law as "the use of techniques by which the person responsible for placing a product on the market deliberately aims to reduce its lifespan in order to increase the replacement rate".</p><p>The following are also prohibited in France:</p><ul class="list-normal"><li>“any technique, including software, which aims to <strong>make it impossible to repair or recondition</strong> an appliance";</li></ul><ul class="list-normal"><li>"any agreement or practice aimed at<strong> limiting a repair professional's access</strong> to spare parts, instructions for use, technical information or any other instrument, equipment or software enabling products to be repaired"</li></ul><p>To limit the planned obsolescence of devices, particularly <strong>smartphones</strong>, you should be informed of how long your device will be able to withstand successive updates.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-11632-4752"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-11632-4752" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11632" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-11632-4752"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Creation of a repair bonus</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-11632-4752" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-11632-4752" data-parent="#accordion-11632"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>To reduce the repair bill paid by consumers, France has introduced a <strong>repair bonus</strong> financed by the "polluter pays" scheme on <a href="https://www.ecosystem.eco/comprendre/bonus-reparation" target="_blank">73 everyday electrical and electronic products</a>: mobile phones, TVs, washing machines, ovens, cameras, speakers, computers, coffee machines, tools, etc.</p><p>Consumers therefore pay less to repair a broken product that is no longer under warranty (legal, commercial or insurance). It is the repairer who must take steps to recover the amount covered by the fund, the bonus is directly deducted from the consumer's bill.</p><p>The amount of the bonus depends on the product and varies <strong>from €15 to €60</strong>.</p><p>You can find out here <a href="https://pro.ecosystem.eco/profil/reparateur/qualirepar-equipements-concernes" target="_blank">which products are eligible</a> and the amount of the repair bonus. </p><p>To find a certified repairer, visit the <a href="https://www.label-qualirepar.fr/" target="_blank">Qualirépar platform</a>.</p><p>Want to give your clothes and shoes a second life? A repair bonus <strong>for textiles and footwear </strong>was introduced in France in 2023. Reimbursements range <strong>from €6</strong> for an undone seam <strong>to €25</strong> for the resoiling of a leather shoe.</p><p>Only repairs carried out by professionals with the "<strong>Refashion" label</strong> are eligible for reimbursement. The professionnal can repair several things on a piece of clothing, as long as the total amount doesn't exceed 60% of the repair price.</p><p>You can check the <a href="https://refashion.fr/citoyen/fr/bonus-reparation" target="_blank">list of eligible products</a> and discounts and the amount of the repair bonus and <a href="https://www.media-kit.org/reparateurs-refashion/" target="_blank">find a certified repairer</a> on the online map.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c11633" class="frame frame-default frame-type-image frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="gallery-row"><div class="gallery-item gallery-item-size-1"><figure class="image"><picture><source data-variant="default" data-maxwidth="815" media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/4/f/csm_Femme-lave-linge_58d813ff93.jpg"><source data-variant="large" data-maxwidth="680" media="(min-width: 992px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/4/f/csm_Femme-lave-linge_8f44348c2b.jpg"><source data-variant="medium" data-maxwidth="680" media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/4/f/csm_Femme-lave-linge_8f44348c2b.jpg"><source data-variant="small" data-maxwidth="500" media="(min-width: 576px)" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/4/f/csm_Femme-lave-linge_b95556a52a.jpg"><source data-variant="extrasmall" data-maxwidth="374" srcset="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/4/f/csm_Femme-lave-linge_a25e0aee93.jpg"><img loading="lazy" title="Lave linge à hublot" alt="Lave linge à hublot avec les mains d'une femme dessus." src="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/fileadmin/_processed_/4/f/csm_Femme-lave-linge_58d813ff93.jpg" width="815" height="544"/></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c9158" class="frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="textpic textpic-above"><div class="textpic-item textpic-gallery"></div><div class="textpic-item textpic-text"><header class="frame-header"><h2 class="element-header "><span>The right to repair in the European Union</span></h2></header><p>In response to the wishes of MEPs, the European Commission published a proposal for a <strong><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/document/afb20917-5a6c-4d87-9d89-666b2b775aa1_en" target="_blank">directive on the right to repair</a></strong>. This directive will start to apply on <strong>31 July 2026</strong>.</p><p>It provides for several measures to promote product repair in the European Union.</p><p><strong>Within the </strong><a href="https://www.europe-consommateurs.eu/en/shopping-internet/guarantees-and-warranties.html" target="_blank">legal guarantee</a>, any product repaired under warranty will <strong>benefit from a one-year extended warranty</strong>. However, EU countries may implement more favourable conditions on the national level if they want to.</p><p>Beyond the legal guarantee :</p><ul class="list-normal"><li>A <strong>right for consumers to claim repair to producers</strong> will be introduced for a category of products that are technically repairable and affected by <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_19_5889" target="_blank">ecodesign measures</a> (refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, etc.). Telephones, tablets and certain other electronic devices should be added.</li><li>Manufacturers will be <strong>obliged to offer to repair</strong> these products and to <strong>lend you a replacement</strong> appliance for the duration of the repair if you so request.</li><li>A European platform with national sections will be set up to enable you to  connect with repairers and sellers of refurbished goods in your area, a seller of reconditioned products, or even local participative repair initiatives.</li><li>Repairers will provide you with a <strong>European repair information form</strong> for all products covered by the right to repair. The aim is to provide a framework for repair quotations in terms of the price and conditions of the repair. Where applicable, the form would be valid for a period of 30 days so that consumers can compare offers from different repairers.</li><li>Manufacturers must <strong>provide you with spare parts and tools at a reasonable price</strong>. They may not use clauses or techniques that hinder repairs. Examples: preventing independent repairers from using second-hand or 3D printed spare parts, refusing to repair a product solely for economic reasons or because it has already been repaired by a third party, etc.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c8369" class="frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="textpic textpic-above"><div class="textpic-item textpic-gallery"></div><div class="textpic-item textpic-text"><header class="frame-header"><h2 class="element-header "><span>The right to repairs in the European countries</span></h2></header><p>Many European countries are currently considering this subject of circular economy and spare parts. An overview of the rules in various European countries, thanks to the <a href="/en/ecc-net.html">ECC-Net</a>.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c8370" class="frame frame-default frame-type-accordion frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="accordion" id="accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3516"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3516" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3516"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Austria</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3516" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3516" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Since April 26, 2022, private individuals may apply for a <strong>repair voucher</strong> that covers up to <strong>50 % of the repair costs</strong> of <strong>electronic</strong><strong>equipment</strong> (e.g. smartphone, laptop, washing machine, e-bike) and/or up to 30 euros for obtaining an estimate (maximum total of 200 euros).</p><p>The repair voucher can be applied for at <a href="https://www.reparaturbonus.at/" target="_blank">reparaturbonus.at</a> and redeemed within <strong>3 weeks</strong> upon payment of the invoice. The bonus can be redeemed as long as budget funds are available. The funding campaign runs until 2026. The repair bonus is financed with funds from the "Next Generation EU" financing and development fund made available by the European Union and comprises a total funding volume of 130 million euros until 2026.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3517"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3517" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3517"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Belgium</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3517" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3517" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Belgium has reduced its VAT tax rate to 6% for small repairs of bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3751"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3751" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3751"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Croatia</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3751" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3751" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Croatia has transposed the Eco-Design Directive, which requires the supply of spare parts within a certain period (see above). </p><p>The seller must ensure spare parts for technical products, motor vehicles and other vehicles during the commercial guarantee period.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3748"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3748" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3748"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Finland</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3748" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3748" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>There is no specific regulation regarding spare parts in the Finnish Consumer Protection Act. However, according to the Act, <strong>the product is defective when the product's service life is shorter than what could reasonably be expected. </strong> If the trader is not able to provide necessary spare parts, the product is considered defective. In such a situation, the buyer may demand a reduction in the price that corresponds to the defect, or cancel the sale if the defect is not minor. Because the trader may be obliged to repair the product several years after the sale, this may encourage the trader to keep spare parts available for a relatively long time. </p><p>In principle the consumer is allowed to choose whether to have the goods repaired or replaced. On the other hand, if the defect is minor and easily repairable, the trader is usually allowed to fix it. The latter starting point emphasizes sustainable consumption.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3747"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3747" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3747"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">France</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3747" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3747" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>When it comes to defective products, France encourages circular economy including repair via various measures.</p><ul class="list-normal"><li><h3>Information and availability of spare parts</h3></li></ul><p>Since 2022, the seller is obliged to <strong>inform the consumer about the availability </strong>but also about the non-availability of spare parts. If no information is given, the spare parts are presumed to be unavailable. The manufacturer or importer have <strong>15 days</strong> (not 2 months as prior ) to provide the spare parts. For c<strong>ertain electronic and electrical products</strong>, spare parts will have to be available for <strong>at least 5 years</strong> from the date of placing on the market. In case of repair of certain electronic and electrical products, second hand spare parts may be used. Any technique, including via software, which makes it impossible for a device to be repaired or reconditioned by a repairer other than one authorised by the brand is prohibited. Any practice that limits a repairer's access to spare parts, operating instructions, technical information, or other tools, equipment or software for the repair of the product is prohibited.</p><p>In practice, <strong>it is the manufacturer or importer who informs the seller, who in turn must inform the consumer</strong> of the availability of spare parts. This obligation only applies to purchases in a shop, not to online purchases for example (although the seller is free to make the availability of spare parts a commercial argument and to indicate this on his website).</p><ul class="list-normal"><li><h3>1st european country to impose a repair index</h3></li></ul><p>There is<strong> </strong>a <strong>repair index </strong>on<strong> 11 categories of product</strong> (smartphones, laptops, TVs, lawn mowers, window and top-loading washing machines, dishwashers, pressure washers, corded and cordless hoovers and robots). Consumers are informed, at the point of sale, on the reparability of the product to purchase, based on 5 criteria.</p><ul class="list-normal"><li>The availability of documentation (e.g. technical manual with repair instructions)</li><li>The ease of disassembly of the product, the type of tools needed and the characteristics of the fixings</li><li>The commitment of the producer on the duration of availability of spare parts and on the time of their delivery</li><li>The relationship between the selling price of the spare parts and the price of the product</li><li>Sub-criteria specific to each product category concerned (e.g. the presence of a usage meter for washing machines)</li></ul><p>This <strong>index is calculated directly by the manufacturer</strong>, who sends this score to the seller, who must then display it. This index is to be replaced by 2024 by a durability index which will include new criteria such as robustness and reliability of the product.</p><div class="well"><p><strong>Propositions </strong>for a <strong>more reliable repair index</strong>:</p><p>- Each criterion has unfortunately the same weight in the final score, to the detriment of important criteria such as the availability of spare parts. <em>For example, while smartphones and televisions score below average on the criterion of availability of spare parts, respectively 4.8/10 and 3.1/10, these families show commendable reparability indices of 7.2/10 and 6.6/10."</em> A more decisive criterion should weigh more heavily in the final score. The weighting of the index should therefore be done by considering the importance of each criterion.<br> - The location of the repair index should be more precisely regulated. Indeed, on some e-commerce websites, it is easy to find this index affixed right next to the product advertisement. On other sites, it is sometimes a struggle to find it.<br> - For consumer to be able to fully benefit from this repair index, they should have an access to the detailed calculation grid, not only the summary with the final score. Producer commitments and actions explaining the allocation of points and the final score should be available to justify the scores awarded.</p></div><ul class="list-normal"><li><h3>Visibility of repairers</h3></li></ul><p>The Ministry of Ecological Transition and ADEME have created a website <strong><a href="https://longuevieauxobjets.gouv.fr/" target="_blank">longuevieauxobjets.gouv.fr</a></strong>, with all kinds of practical advice, news, tools for sharing objects with neighbours or diagnosing equipment breakdowns... But it's also, and above all, a directory that allows to <strong>quickly identify the professionals best able</strong> to meet the consumer’s needs, whether looking for an alternative to buying something new or a solution that will help avoiding throwing away something that could still be useful.</p><ul class="list-normal"><li><h3>Change in the rules on legal guarantees of conformity</h3></li></ul><p>Consumers are encouraged to <strong>choose repair over replacement</strong> with a new product. For example, by suspending the <strong><a href="/en/shopping-internet/guarantees-and-warranties.html">legal guarantee of conformity</a></strong> while a product is being repaired. Or by granting a six-month extension of guarantee if a consumer asks a trader to repair the product. France even has a 2-year guarantee renewal if the trader decides to exchange an appliance instead of repairing it as requested.</p><ul class="list-normal"><li><h3>Fight against planned obsolescence</h3></li></ul><p>Planned obsolescence is a punishable offence since 2015. And to limit programmed obsolescence of devices, and particularly smartphones, consumers also benefit from new rules concerning updates: consumers are now informed about the length of time their device will be able to withstand successive updates.</p><ul class="list-normal"><li><h3>Repair fund</h3></li></ul><p>To reduce the repair bill paid by consumers, France has created a <strong>repair bonus</strong> financed by the "polluter pays" scheme on 73 everyday electrical and electronic products: mobile phones, TVs, washing machines, ovens, cameras, speakers, computers, coffee machines, etc. Producers must join and pay a sum of money to a structure called "eco-organisation". </p><p>This sum of money is placed in a fund used to finance part of the repairs carried out by professionals with the "QualiRépar" label. Since 15 December 2022, consumers have therefore been paying less to repair their broken-down product that is no longer under warranty (legal, commercial or insurance). The repairer must take steps to recover the amount covered by the fund.</p><p>The <strong>amount of the repair bonus depends on the product</strong> and varies from <strong>15 to 60€.</strong></p><p> </p><p>Additionnally, a repair bonus for <strong>textiles </strong>and <strong>footwear </strong>was introduced in France on 7 November 2023.</p><p><strong>Reimbursements </strong>range <strong>from €6</strong> for an undone seam <strong>to €25</strong> for the resoiling of a leather shoe.</p><p>The scheme works in a similar way to the repair bonus for electrical and electronic products, but this is a different fund. Only repairs carried out by professionals with the "Refashion" label are eligible for reimbursement.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3746"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3746" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3746"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Germany</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3746" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3746" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Germany has transposed the Eco-Design Directive, which requires the supply of spare parts within a certain period (see above). </p><p>In addition, consumers must be informed at the time of purchase which defects can occur, whether and how the product can be repaired and what the costs are.</p><p>Traders have also obligations to recycle more and produce less waste and take back old electronic equipment under certain conditions. They can no longer destroy returns of products that are almost as good as new.</p><p>Core measures:</p><p>- The fitness for use of goods must be maintained (e.g. through careful handling, storage, transport, donation of the goods, reduced sale of the goods, sale before the expiry date, etc.).</p><p>- If the goods can no longer be used for their original purpose, other uses can also be considered</p><p>- If the goods can no longer be used, recycling is preferable to destruction ("cascade of use").</p><p>- Already during the production of the goods, care must be taken to ensure that waste is reduced through production and use and that any waste can be recycled or disposed of in an environmentally sound manner ("product responsibility").</p><p>So far, these are rather voluntary obligations. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3518"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3518" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3518"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Greece</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3518" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3518" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>The seller must ensure the <strong>supply of spare parts during the estimated lifetime of the product</strong>.</p><p> </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3519"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3519" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3519"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Ireland</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3519" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3519" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>In Ireland, there is no obligation for the seller to inform the consumer about spare parts, but the law specifies that <strong>spare parts as well as adequate after-sale service must be provided by the seller</strong> for the period mentioned in the offer, description, or advertisement made by the seller.</p><p>The VAT tax rate for small repairs on bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens has been reduced to 13,5%.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3520"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3520" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3520"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Italy</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3520" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3520" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>There is no obligation to inform consumers on the availability of spare parts, but the seller must inform the consumer if the goods are no longer produced.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3521"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3521" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3521"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Luxembourg</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3521" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3521" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Luxembourg applies a reduced VAT rate of 8% on small repairs on bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3522"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3522" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3522"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Malta</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3522" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3522" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>In Malta, if products purchased by the consumer need maintenance or replacement of parts, this replacement of parts and the appropriate repair service must be available within a reasonable waiting period after the delivery date. </p><p>Furthermore, Malta applies a reduced <strong>VAT rate of 5%</strong> for small repairs on bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3524"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3524" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3524"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Poland</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3524" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3524" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Poland has implemented a <strong>right to repair since 1 April 2021 with an obligation of spare parts for 7 to 10 years,</strong> depending on the product.</p><p>Poland applies a reduced VAT rate of 8% on small repairs on bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3525"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3525" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3525"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Portugal</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3525" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3525" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>The manufacturer has the <strong>obligation to provide spare parts needed for the repair of goods for 10 years</strong> from the date of the placing on the market of the last item.</p><p class="MsoCommentText">The professional has to provide assistance for registered goods for 10 years (not necessarly for free).</p><p>Portugal applies a <strong>reduced VAT</strong> rate of 6% for small repairs on bicycles. A reduced VAT rates for repairs on shoes, leather goods, clothing and household linen is under discussion.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3526"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3526" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3526"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Romania</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3526" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3526" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>The manufacturer must assure the supply of replacement parts during the estimated lifespan of the product.</p><p> </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3527"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3527" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3527"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Slovenia</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3527" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3527" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>In Slovenia, at the moment of a contract’s conclusion, the seller must provide <strong>a specific guarantee for certain technical goods</strong> that provides instructions for assembly and use, and which commits the seller to repair defects free of charge during the guarantee period.</p><p>The manufacturer must also, in exchange for payment, repair products and supply spare parts <strong>for at least three years after the expiration of the guarantee period</strong>. This after-sale service is guaranteed by the manufacturer itself or a third party.</p><p>Finally, Slovenia applies a reduced VAT rate of 9,5% on small repairs on bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3749"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3749" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3749"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Spain</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3749" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3749" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Manufacturers are obliged to have parts to repair their products for 10 years after the product is no longer manufactured. They also have to provide a proper technical service during 10 years.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3528"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3528" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3528"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">Sweden</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3528" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3528" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>Sweden has reduced the VAT rate of 25% to 12% for repairs services for bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing and household linen.</p><p>Craftsmen are allowed to offer repairs on large electric appliances at prices up to 50% less expensive than the actual cost – the difference is paid by the state.</p><p>A tax deduction, the so-called “RUT- deduction”, applies to certain services within the households. The RUT-deduction means a tax reduction of 50 % of the labor cost for the service. Services covered are for example  repairing clothes, curtains, bedding and removable sofa upholstery. IT services in the consumer's home are also covered, e.g. to repair, install and maintain computers, tablets, game consoles, televisions and smart phones, as well as updating and installing operating systems and computer programs. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="accordion-item card"><div class="accordion-header card-header" id="accordion-heading-8370-3523"><h4 class="accordion-title"><a href="#accordion-8370-3523" class="accordion-title-link collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8370" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-8370-3523"><span class="accordion-title-link-text">The Netherlands</span><span class="accordion-title-link-state"></span></a></h4></div><div id="accordion-8370-3523" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="accordion-heading-8370-3523" data-parent="#accordion-8370"><div class="accordion-body card-body"><div class="accordion-content accordion-content-left"><div class="accordion-content-item accordion-content-text"><p>The Netherlands have reduced their VAT rate to 9% for small repairs on bicycles, shoes, leather goods, clothing, and household linens.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="c8371" class="frame frame-default frame-type-list frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div data-mail-url="mailto:" data-orientation="horizontal" data-theme="standard" data-services="["twitter","linkedin","whatsapp","mail","print"]" data-lang="en" class="shariff"></div></div></div></div><div id="c10273" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-background-none frame-no-backgroundimage frame-space-before-none frame-space-after-none "><div class="frame-container"><div class="frame-inner"><div class="well"><p>Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Innovation Council and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Executive Agency (EISMEA). 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