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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Källor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Källor</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Webbkällor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Webbkällor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Webbkällor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Webbkällor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tryckta_källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tryckta_källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Tryckta källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tryckta_källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernhard av Clairvaux</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 65 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_van_Clairvaux" title="Bernardus van Clairvaux – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bernardus van Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_von_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard von Clairvaux – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bernhard von Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%88" title="برنارد من كليرفو – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برنارد من كليرفو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sant_Bernal_de_Claraval" title="Sant Bernal de Claraval – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sant Bernal de Claraval" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_de_Claraval" title="Bernardo de Claraval – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bernardo de Claraval" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Бернард Клервоскі – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бернард Клервоскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Бэрнард Клярвоскі – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бэрнард Клярвоскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Бернар от Клерво – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бернар от Клерво" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_de_Clairvaux" title="Bernard de Clairvaux – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bernard de Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernat_de_Claravall" title="Bernat de Claravall – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bernat de Claravall" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_z_Clairvaux" title="Bernard z Clairvaux – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bernard z Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_af_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard af Clairvaux – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bernhard af Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_von_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard von Clairvaux – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bernhard von Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B2%CF%8E" title="Βερνάρδος του Κλαιρβώ – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βερνάρδος του Κλαιρβώ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvaux" title="Bernard of Clairvaux – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bernard of Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_de_Claraval" title="Bernardo de Claraval – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bernardo de Claraval" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_de_Clairvaux" title="Bernardo de Clairvaux – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bernardo de Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernart_Clairvauxkoa" title="Bernart Clairvauxkoa – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bernart Clairvauxkoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88" title="برنارد کلروو – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برنارد کلروو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_de_Clairvaux" title="Bernard de Clairvaux – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bernard de Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_de_Clairvaux" title="Bernard de Clairvaux – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bernard de Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernaldo_de_Claraval" title="Bernaldo de Claraval – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bernaldo de Claraval" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4_%EB%93%9C_%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4%EB%B3%B4" title="베르나르 드 클레르보 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베르나르 드 클레르보" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%94%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB" title="Բեռնարդ Քլերվոսացի – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բեռնարդ Քլերվոսացի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_iz_Clairvauxa" title="Bernard iz Clairvauxa – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bernard iz Clairvauxa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_dari_Clairvaux" title="Bernardus dari Clairvaux – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bernardus dari Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_di_Chiaravalle" title="Bernardo di Chiaravalle – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bernardo di Chiaravalle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95" title="ברנאר מקלרבו – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברנאר מקלרבו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Clairvaux_t%CA%8B" title="Bernard Clairvaux tʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Bernard Clairvaux tʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ბერნარ კლერვოელი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბერნარ კლერვოელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_wa_Clairvaux" title="Bernardo wa Clairvaux – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bernardo wa Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Клервондук Бернард – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Клервондук Бернард" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Claraevallensis" title="Bernardus Claraevallensis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bernardus Claraevallensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bern%C4%81rs_no_Klervo" title="Bernārs no Klervo – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bernārs no Klervo" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardas_Klervietis" title="Bernardas Klervietis – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bernardas Klervietis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clairvaux-i_Szent_Bern%C3%A1t" title="Clairvaux-i Szent Bernát – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Clairvaux-i Szent Bernát" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ക്ലെയർവോയിലെ ബെർണർദീനോസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്ലെയർവോയിലെ ബെർണർദീനോസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%88" title="برنارد من كليرفو – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="برنارد من كليرفو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_van_Clairvaux" title="Bernardus van Clairvaux – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bernardus van Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AE%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%82%B9" title="クレルヴォーのベルナルドゥス – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クレルヴォーのベルナルドゥス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_av_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard av Clairvaux – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bernhard av Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_av_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard av Clairvaux – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bernhard av Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_B%C3%AAnard_de_Clairvaux" title="Saint Bênard de Clairvaux – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Saint Bênard de Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernat_de_Claravals" title="Bernat de Claravals – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bernat de Claravals" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_z_Clairvaux" title="Bernard z Clairvaux – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bernard z Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_de_Claraval" title="Bernardo de Claraval – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bernardo de Claraval" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_de_Clairvaux" title="Bernard de Clairvaux – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bernard de Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бернард Клервоский – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бернард Клервоский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardu_de_Chiaravalle" title="Bernardu de Chiaravalle – sardinska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Bernardu de Chiaravalle" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_o_Clairvaux" title="Bernard o Clairvaux – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bernard o Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardi_i_Kiaravales" title="Bernardi i Kiaravales – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bernardi i Kiaravales" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Birnardu_di_Chiaravalli" title="San Birnardu di Chiaravalli – sicilianska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="San Birnardu di Chiaravalli" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvaux" title="Bernard of Clairvaux – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bernard of Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_z_Clairvaux" title="Bernard z Clairvaux – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bernard z Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_iz_Clairvauxa" title="Bernard iz Clairvauxa – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bernard iz Clairvauxa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Бернард од Клервоа – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бернард од Клервоа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_od_Clairvauxa" title="Bernard od Clairvauxa – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bernard od Clairvauxa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Clairvaux%E2%80%99lainen" title="Bernhard Clairvaux’lainen – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bernhard Clairvaux’lainen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="கிலேரிவாக்ஸ் நகர பெர்நாது – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிலேரிவாக்ஸ் நகர பெர்நாது" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A7" title="แบร์นาร์แห่งแกลร์โว – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แบร์นาร์แห่งแกลร์โว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clairvauxl%C4%B1_Bernard" title="Clairvauxlı Bernard – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Clairvauxlı Bernard" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бернард Клервоський – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бернард Клервоський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_c%E1%BB%A7a_Clairvaux" title="Bernard của Clairvaux – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bernard của Clairvaux" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E9%93%8E" title="伯尔纳铎 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伯尔纳铎" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%BE%E7%B4%8D%E9%90%B8" title="伯爾納鐸 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伯爾納鐸" data-language-autonym="中文" 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#ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background:gold;">Sankt Bernhard av Clairvaux</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sankt Bernhard av Clairvaux"><img alt="Sankt Bernhard av Clairvaux" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg/200px-Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg/300px-Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg/400px-Bernard_of_Clairvaux_-_Gutenburg_-_13206.jpg 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption>Sankt Bernhard av Clairvaux</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:gold;"><a href="/wiki/Bek%C3%A4nnare" title="Bekännare">Bekännare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrkol%C3%A4rare" title="Kyrkolärare">Kyrkolärare</a></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Född</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/1091" title="1091">1091</a><br />Château de Fontaine-lès-Dijon, <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Död</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/20_augusti" title="20 augusti">20 augusti</a> <a href="/wiki/1153" title="1153">1153</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Clairvaux" title="Clairvaux">Clairvaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Vördas inom</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Romersk-katolska_kyrkan" title="Romersk-katolska kyrkan">Romersk-katolska kyrkan</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Anglikanska_kyrkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglikanska kyrkan">Anglikanska kyrkan</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Helgonförklarad</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/18_januari" title="18 januari">18 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1174" title="1174">1174</a> av<br /><a href="/wiki/Alexander_III_(p%C3%A5ve)" title="Alexander III (påve)">Alexander III</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Förklarad kyrkolärare</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/20_augusti" title="20 augusti">20 augusti</a> <a href="/wiki/1820" title="1820">1820</a> av<br /><a href="/wiki/Pius_VIII" title="Pius VIII">Pius VIII</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Helgedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Helgedom">Helgedom</a></th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Ville-sous-la-Fert%C3%A9" title="Ville-sous-la-Ferté">Ville-sous-la-Ferté</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Helgon" title="Helgon">Helgondag</a></th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/20_augusti" title="20 augusti">20 augusti</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Skyddshelgon" title="Skyddshelgon">Skyddshelgon</a> för</th><td class="" style="">cisterciensorden, biodlare, ljusstöpare, vältalighet och hängivelse</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>Bernhard av Clairvaux</b>, född <a href="/wiki/1091" title="1091">1091</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fontaine-l%C3%A8s-Dijon" title="Fontaine-lès-Dijon">Fontaine-lès-Dijon</a> i närheten av <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a>, död <a href="/wiki/20_augusti" title="20 augusti">20 augusti</a> <a href="/wiki/1153" title="1153">1153</a> i <a href="/wiki/Clairvaux" title="Clairvaux">Clairvaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a>, var en fransk medeltida <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">abbot</a> och <a href="/wiki/Mystiker" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystiker">mystiker</a>. <a href="/wiki/Helgon" title="Helgon">Helgon</a> inom <a href="/wiki/Romersk-katolska_kyrkan" title="Romersk-katolska kyrkan">Romersk-katolska kyrkan</a> med festdag 20 augusti, <a href="/wiki/Kyrkol%C3%A4rare" title="Kyrkolärare">kyrkolärare</a>. </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografi">Biografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Biografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Biografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bernhard var en av de viktigaste andliga och <a href="/wiki/Politik" title="Politik">politiska</a> personerna under <a href="/wiki/Medeltiden" title="Medeltiden">medeltiden</a>. Han föddes <a href="/wiki/1091" title="1091">1091</a> vid <a href="/wiki/Svarta_Madonnan" class="mw-redirect" title="Svarta Madonnan">Svarta Madonnan</a>-kultens centrum <a href="/wiki/Fontaine-l%C3%A8s-Dijon" title="Fontaine-lès-Dijon">Les Fontaines</a> i <a href="/wiki/Burgund" title="Burgund">Burgund</a>, Frankrike. Familjen tillhörde den franska lågadeln; hans far var <a href="/wiki/Riddare" title="Riddare">riddare</a> och vasall under hertigen av <a href="/wiki/Burgund" title="Burgund">Burgund</a>. Bernhard fick en bra <a href="/wiki/Utbildning" title="Utbildning">utbildning</a> och visade sig redan i unga år ha en meditativ och studieinriktad läggning. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klosterlivet">Klosterlivet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Klosterlivet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Klosterlivet"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År <a href="/wiki/1113" title="1113">1113</a>, när Bernhard var 22 år, gick han i <a href="/wiki/Kloster" title="Kloster">kloster</a>, ett litet <a href="/wiki/Cistercienskloster" class="mw-redirect" title="Cistercienskloster">cistercienskloster</a> i <a href="/wiki/C%C3%AEteaux" title="Cîteaux">Cîteaux</a> där han fick leva ett strängt <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religiöst</a> liv. Han var så lidelsefull och vältalig i sin lovprisning av fördelarna med denna livsstil att han snart fick sällskap i klostret av fyra av sina bröder, sin far som blivit änkling och trettio andra släktingar. Bernhard gjorde sig känd som en mycket intensiv <a href="/wiki/Predikan" title="Predikan">predikant</a>. </p><p>Klostret i Cîteaux var mycket fattigt, och livet där präglades av en anspråkslöshet som tilltalade Bernhard, som strävade efter ett liv i enkelhet och religiös <a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">meditation</a>. Han visade en stor ödmjukhet i sitt sätt att leva, åt och sov inte mer än vad som krävdes för att han skulle kunna hålla sig på benen. Ryktet om hans självförsakelse och <a href="/wiki/Fromhet" title="Fromhet">fromhet</a> spred sig snabbt och <a href="/wiki/1115" title="1115">1115</a> blev han utsedd till ledare för en grupp <a href="/wiki/Munk" title="Munk">munkar</a> som skulle grunda ett nytt <a href="/wiki/Kloster" title="Kloster">kloster</a> i <a href="/wiki/Clairvaux" title="Clairvaux">Clairvaux</a> i regionen Champagne. Inom ett par år hade klostret i Clairvaux blivit så framgångsrikt att det givit upphov till ytterligare 163 kloster. Vid Bernhards död 1153 hade klostret i Clairvaux sjuhundra <a href="/wiki/Munk" title="Munk">munkar</a>. </p><p>Det var i Clairvaux som Bernhard började utforma sina andliga skrifter och redan som ung <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">abbot</a> gav han ut en serie betraktelser om <a href="/wiki/Jungfru_Maria" title="Jungfru Maria">Jungfru Marie</a> <a href="/wiki/Beb%C3%A5delse" class="mw-redirect" title="Bebådelse">bebådelse</a>. I dessa utvecklade han Jungfru Marias förtjänster, framför allt som fredsstiftare. Hans kärlek till henne framhävs i alla hans betraktelser och bekräftas ytterligare i hans försäkran om att han som barn fått <a href="/wiki/Gud" title="Gud">gudomlig</a> inspiration genom att dricka tre droppar mjölk från bröstet på den svarta madonnastatyn i <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2tillon-sur-Seine" title="Châtillon-sur-Seine">Châtillon</a>, en upplevelse som i viss mån rättfärdigar hans förkärlek för svarta madonna-kulturen. Bernhard skrev bortåt 60 betraktelser om <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6ga_Visan" class="mw-redirect" title="Höga Visan">Höga Visan</a> i <a href="/wiki/Gamla_testamentet" title="Gamla testamentet">Gamla testamentet</a>, där han associerar kvinnan som säger om sig själv: "Svart är jag, dock är jag vacker..." till <a href="/wiki/Maria_fr%C3%A5n_Betania" title="Maria från Betania">Maria från Betania</a>, som vid denna tid ansågs vara samma Maria som stod under <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesu</a> kors och var en av kvinnorna vid <a href="/wiki/Jesu_grav" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesu grav">Jesu grav</a> efter <a href="/wiki/Uppst%C3%A5ndelsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Uppståndelsen">uppståndelsen</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Magdalena" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Magdalena">Maria Magdalena</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tempelherreorden">Tempelherreorden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tempelherreorden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tempelherreorden"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bernhard av Clairvaux har även förknippats med <a href="/wiki/Tempelherreorden" title="Tempelherreorden">Tempelherreorden</a> och var den främste förespråkaren av sällskapet som officiellt erkände den som en <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4r" title="Militär">militär</a> och religiös <a href="/wiki/Orden" title="Orden">orden</a>. Hans förbindelser med Tempelherreorden sträckte sig emellertid längre än så, då han hjälpte till att utforma den ed som alla ordensmedlemmar skulle avlägga. Den kallades Tempelherrarnas ordensregel och innebar att ordensmedlemmarna fick svära sin lydnad till Bethania, Marias och Martas borg. </p><p>Tack vare Bernhards goda anseende och mångfald av skrifter spred sig hans inflytande och makt med tiden utanför Clairvaux gränser. År <a href="/wiki/1130" title="1130">1130</a> anlitades han som medlare i försöken att få den <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5ve" title="Påve">påvliga schism</a> att upphöra som på den tiden utgjorde ett hot mot kyrkans stabilitet och sammanhållning. När påve <a href="/wiki/Honorius_II" title="Honorius II">Honorius II</a> dog 1130, nominerades två kandidater som konkurrerade om påveämbetet – <a href="/wiki/Anacletus_II" title="Anacletus II">Anacletus II</a> och <a href="/wiki/Innocentius_II" title="Innocentius II">Innocentius II</a>. Det föll på Bernhards lott att fastställa pretendenternas värdighet och avgöra vilken kandidat som var lämpligast. Efter moget övervägande bestämde han sig för Innocentius II som levde i landsflykt i Frankrike. Med sin vänliga nit lyckades Bernhard övertala Frankrike, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanien" title="Spanien">Spanien</a> och <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">Tyskland</a> att acceptera Innocentius II som <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5ve" title="Påve">påve</a>. Slutligen var även kejsaren övertygad och Anacletus II fördrevs från <a href="/wiki/Rom" title="Rom">Rom</a>. </p><p>Bernhard har blivit ihågkommen för att han tillrättavisade och ruinerade <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Abaelard" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Abaelard">Pierre Abaelard</a>, en inflytelserik intellektuell vars predikningar ofta betraktades som <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4ttare" class="mw-redirect" title="Kättare">kätterska</a>. Bernhards ihärdiga och hänsynslösa fördömande av Abaelard, som initierades av hans gode vän <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Saint-Thierry" title="Guillaume de Saint-Thierry">Guillaume de Saint-Thierry</a>, fortsatte även sedan abboten <a href="/wiki/Petrus_Venerabilis" title="Petrus Venerabilis">Petrus Venerabilis</a> hade kommit en bit på vägen mot att överbrygga klyftan mellan de båda männen. Hur som helst var Abaelard redan barskrapad. Bernhard avskydde alla former av <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4tteri" title="Kätteri">kätteri</a> och kämpade länge och intensivt mot kättarna, i synnerhet mot <a href="/wiki/Albigenser" class="mw-redirect" title="Albigenser">albigenserna</a>. </p><p>Som ombud för påve <a href="/wiki/Eugenius_III" title="Eugenius III">Eugenius III</a> talade Bernhard i sina predikningar för ett andra <a href="/wiki/Korst%C3%A5g" title="Korståg">korståg</a> och övertygade många att ta till <a href="/wiki/Vapen" title="Vapen">vapen</a> mot de otrogna. Det andra korståget blev emellertid ett stort misslyckande med ett katastrofalt slut för korsfararna. Den som fick skulden blev Bernhard som ansågs vara upphovsman till det olycksaliga kriget. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arvet_till_den_katolska_världen"><span id="Arvet_till_den_katolska_v.C3.A4rlden"></span>Arvet till den katolska världen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Arvet till den katolska världen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Arvet till den katolska världen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bernhard dog i Clairvaux den <a href="/wiki/20_augusti" title="20 augusti">20 augusti</a> <a href="/wiki/1153" title="1153">1153</a> och <a href="/wiki/Helgon" title="Helgon">helgonförklarades</a> av påve <a href="/wiki/Alexander_III_(p%C3%A5ve)" title="Alexander III (påve)">Alexander III</a> den <a href="/wiki/18_januari" title="18 januari">18 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1174" title="1174">1174</a>. </p><p>Under sin livstid grundade Bernhard 163 kloster i <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>, skrev 10 större <a href="/wiki/Teologi" title="Teologi">teologiska</a> verk, mer än 300 betraktelser och 500 bevarade brev. Han är <a href="/wiki/Skyddshelgon" title="Skyddshelgon">skyddshelgon</a> för <a href="/wiki/Bin" title="Bin">bin</a>, biodlare, ljustillverkare och ljushandlare, för <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> och <a href="/wiki/Seborga" title="Seborga">Seborga</a> samt för dem som rensar och smälter <a href="/wiki/Vax" title="Vax">vax</a>. </p><p>Hans texter finns översatta till flera språk och olika kristna samfund. Bland andra översatte <a href="/wiki/Edward_Caswall" title="Edward Caswall">Edward Caswall</a> flera av hans texter till engelska, varav tre finns representerade i den anglikanska kyrkans <a href="/wiki/The_Church_Hymn_book_1872" class="mw-redirect" title="The Church Hymn book 1872">The Church Hymn book 1872</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Webbkällor"><span id="Webbk.C3.A4llor"></span>Webbkällor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Webbkällor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Webbkällor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02498d.htm">”St. Bernard of Clairvaux”</a>. <i><span>Catholic Encyclopedia</span></i>. New Advent<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02498d.htm">https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02498d.htm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 21 augusti 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=St.+Bernard+of+Clairvaux&rft.atitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=New+Advent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F02498d.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bernhard_av_Clairvaux"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/24050">”San Bernardo di Chiaravalle, abate e dottore della Chiesa”</a>. <i><span>Santi e Beati</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/24050">http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/24050</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 21 augusti 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=San+Bernardo+di+Chiaravalle%2C+abate+e+dottore+della+Chiesa&rft.atitle=Santi+e+Beati&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.santiebeati.it%2Fdettaglio%2F24050&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bernhard_av_Clairvaux"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tryckta_källor"><span id="Tryckta_k.C3.A4llor"></span>Tryckta källor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tryckta källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tryckta källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Arvidsson, Bengt, Klosterliv som spegling av Bernhard av Clairvaux's teologi, i Medeltida paradis. Cisterciensernas värld på jorden. Seminarierapport 3, Nydala den 1 december 2005. Jönköpings läns museum, Kulturmiljöavdelningen, Byggnadsvårdsrapport 2007:6.</li> <li>Arvidsson, Bengt, "Paradiset på jorden. Om sankt Bernhards klosterideologi." i <i>Förbistringar och förklaringar. Festskrift till Anders Piltz</i>, 2008.</li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFFarmer1992">Farmer, David Hugh (1992) (på engelska). <i><span>The Oxford Dictionary of Saints</span></i>. Oxford Reference (3 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. sid. 51–52. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-19-283069-4" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-19-283069-4">ISBN 0-19-283069-4</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Saints&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=David+Hugh&rft.au=Farmer%2C+David+Hugh&rft.date=1992&rft.series=Oxford+Reference&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B51%E2%80%9352&rft.edition=3+ed.&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.isbn=0-19-283069-4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bernhard_av_Clairvaux"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFRengers2000">Rengers, Christopher (2000) (på engelska). <i><span>The 33 Doctors of the Church</span></i>. Rockford, Illinois: Tan Books & Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-89555-440-2" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-89555-440-2">ISBN 0-89555-440-2</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+33+Doctors+of+the+Church&rft.aulast=Rengers&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Rengers%2C+Christopher&rft.date=2000&rft.place=Rockford%2C+Illinois&rft.pub=Tan+Books+%26+Publishers&rft.isbn=0-89555-440-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bernhard_av_Clairvaux"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><i>The Book of Saints: A Dictionary of Servants of God</i>. 6th ed. London: Cassell 1994. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-304-34357-9" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-304-34357-9">ISBN 0-304-34357-9</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" 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class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><a href="https://sv.wikisource.org/wiki/Kategori:psalmer" class="extiw" title="src:Kategori:psalmer">Psalmtexter på Wikisource</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&oldid=56009959">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_av_Clairvaux&oldid=56009959</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:F%C3%B6dda_1091" title="Kategori:Födda 1091">Födda 1091</a></li><li><a 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