CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" class="no-js" lang="fr"> <head>    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://static-images.lpnt.fr" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">    <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="copyright" content="Le Point"> <meta name="tdm-reservation" content="1" /> <meta name="tdm-policy" content="https://www.lepoint.fr/policies/policy.json" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/l-afrique-progresse-vers-la-conquete-de-l-espace-28-10-2024-2573855_3826.php"> <meta property="fb:page_id" content="49173930702"> <meta property="twitter:account_id" content="1597951100"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="260897067396268"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="49173930702"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="1696002587283393"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="139663936132117"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="399648873415221"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="312988188753"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="9905929490D7E50E11DBDA6C4D99EEDE"> <link rel="preload" as="image" fetchpriority="high" href="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw400/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg" media="(max-width: 767px)" imagesrcset="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw400/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw809/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 2x" /> <link rel="preload" as="image" fetchpriority="high" href="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw602/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg" media="(min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1183px)" imagesrcset="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw602/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw1204/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 2x" /> <link rel="preload" as="image" fetchpriority="high" href="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw809/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg" media="(min-width: 1184px)" imagesrcset="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw809/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw1618/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 2x" /> <meta property="article:premium" content="false"> <link rel="alternate" href="android-app://fr.lepoint.android/lepoint/article?idarticle=2573855"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://static.lpnt.fr"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.hubvisor.io"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://static.chartbeat.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://contextual.sirdata.io"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://cdn.taboola.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://images.taboola.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://connect.facebook.net"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://lepoint.demdex.net"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://ping.chartbeat.net"> <link rel="preload" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/roboto/RobotoCondensed-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/roboto/RobotoCondensed-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/roboto/RobotoCondensed-Light.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/yrsa/Yrsa-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/yrsa/Yrsa-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" media="all" href="//static.lpnt.fr/public/css/v3/static-1739015851/tpl-article-mobile.min.css" as="style"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//static.lpnt.fr/public/css/v3/static-1739015851/tpl-article-mobile.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="(min-width: 767px)" href="//static.lpnt.fr/public/css/v3/static-1739015851/tpl-article-tablet.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="(min-width: 1184px)" href="//static.lpnt.fr/public/css/v3/static-1739015851/tpl-article-desktop.min.css">  <script>var EventTarget=function(){"use strict";var n,e,i="object"==typeof global?global:self,o=[].findIndex||function(t,e){for(var n=this.length;n--;)if(t.call(e,this[n]))return n;return n},r=Object.defineProperty,s="__event-target__"+Math.random(),h=i.WeakMap||function(){return{get:function(t){return t[s]},set:function(t,e){r(t,s,{configurable:!0,value:e})}}},i=i.EventTarget;try{new i}catch(t){n=new h,e=function(t){var e=new p;return n.set(t,e),e},g(c.prototype,{addEventListener:function(t,e,n){var i=f(this),t=i[t]||(i[t]=[]);o.call(t,u,e)<0&&t.push({target:this,listener:e,options:n})},dispatchEvent:function(t){var e=f(this)[t.type];return e&&(g(t,{currentTarget:this,target:this}),e.forEach(a,t),delete t.currentTarget,delete t.target),!0},removeEventListener:l}),p.prototype=Object.create(null),i=c}function c(){}function a(t){var e=t.options;e&&e.once&&l.call(t.target,this.type,t.listener,t.options),"function"==typeof t.listener?t.listener.call(t.target,this):t.listener.handleEvent(this)}function u(t){return this===t.listener}function l(t,e,n){t=f(this)[t];!t||-1<(e=o.call(t,u,e))&&t.splice(e,1)}function p(){}function f(t){return n.get(t)||e(t)}function g(t,e){for(var n in e)r(t,n,{configurable:!0,value:e[n]})}return i}();!function(l,p){"use strict";function c(t){this.time=t.time,this.target=t.target,this.rootBounds=t.rootBounds,this.boundingClientRect=t.boundingClientRect,this.intersectionRect=t.intersectionRect||i();try{this.isIntersecting=!!t.intersectionRect}catch(t){}var e=this.boundingClientRect,t=e.width*e.height,e=this.intersectionRect,e=e.width*e.height;this.intersectionRatio=t?Number((e/t).toFixed(4)):this.isIntersecting?1:0}function t(t,e){var n,i,o,e=e||{};if("function"!=typeof t)throw new Error("callback must be a function");if(e.root&&1!=e.root.nodeType)throw new Error("root must be an Element");this._checkForIntersections=(n=this._checkForIntersections.bind(this),i=this.THROTTLE_TIMEOUT,o=null,function(){o=o||setTimeout(function(){n(),o=null},i)}),this._callback=t,this._observationTargets=[],this._queuedEntries=[],this._rootMarginValues=this._parseRootMargin(e.rootMargin),this.thresholds=this._initThresholds(e.threshold),this.root=e.root||null,this.rootMargin=this._rootMarginValues.map(function(t){return t.value+t.unit}).join(" ")}function e(t,e,n,i){"function"==typeof t.addEventListener?t.addEventListener(e,n,i||!1):"function"==typeof t.attachEvent&&t.attachEvent("on"+e,n)}function n(t,e,n,i){"function"==typeof t.removeEventListener?t.removeEventListener(e,n,i||!1):"function"==typeof t.detatchEvent&&t.detatchEvent("on"+e,n)}function f(t){var e;try{e=t.getBoundingClientRect()}catch(t){}return e?e=!e.width||!e.height?{top:e.top,right:e.right,bottom:e.bottom,left:e.left,width:e.right-e.left,height:e.bottom-e.top}:e:i()}function i(){return{top:0,bottom:0,left:0,right:0,width:0,height:0}}function o(t,e){for(var n=e;n;){if(n==t)return!0;n=g(n)}return!1}function g(t){t=t.parentNode;return t&&11==t.nodeType&&t.host?t.host:t&&t.assignedSlot?t.assignedSlot.parentNode:t}var r;"IntersectionObserver"in l&&"IntersectionObserverEntry"in l&&"intersectionRatio"in l.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype||(r=[],t.prototype.THROTTLE_TIMEOUT=100,t.prototype.POLL_INTERVAL=null,t.prototype.USE_MUTATION_OBSERVER=!0,t.prototype.observe=function(e){if(!this._observationTargets.some(function(t){return t.element==e})){if(!e||1!=e.nodeType)throw new Error("target must be an Element");this._registerInstance(),this._observationTargets.push({element:e,entry:null}),this._monitorIntersections(),this._checkForIntersections()}},t.prototype.unobserve=function(e){this._observationTargets=this._observationTargets.filter(function(t){return t.element!=e}),this._observationTargets.length||(this._unmonitorIntersections(),this._unregisterInstance())},t.prototype.disconnect=function(){this._observationTargets=[],this._unmonitorIntersections(),this._unregisterInstance()},t.prototype.takeRecords=function(){var t=this._queuedEntries.slice();return this._queuedEntries=[],t},t.prototype._initThresholds=function(t){t=t||[0];return(t=!Array.isArray(t)?[t]:t).sort().filter(function(t,e,n){if("number"!=typeof t||isNaN(t)||t<0||1<t)throw new Error("threshold must be a number between 0 and 1 inclusively");return t!==n[e-1]})},t.prototype._parseRootMargin=function(t){t=(t||"0px").split(/\s+/).map(function(t){t=/^(-?\d*\.?\d+)(px|%)$/.exec(t);if(!t)throw new Error("rootMargin must be specified in pixels or percent");return{value:parseFloat(t[1]),unit:t[2]}});return t[1]=t[1]||t[0],t[2]=t[2]||t[0],t[3]=t[3]||t[1],t},t.prototype._monitorIntersections=function(){this._monitoringIntersections||(this._monitoringIntersections=!0,this.POLL_INTERVAL?this._monitoringInterval=setInterval(this._checkForIntersections,this.POLL_INTERVAL):(e(l,"resize",this._checkForIntersections,!0),e(p,"scroll",this._checkForIntersections,!0),this.USE_MUTATION_OBSERVER&&"MutationObserver"in l&&(this._domObserver=new MutationObserver(this._checkForIntersections),this._domObserver.observe(p,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0}))))},t.prototype._unmonitorIntersections=function(){this._monitoringIntersections&&(this._monitoringIntersections=!1,clearInterval(this._monitoringInterval),this._monitoringInterval=null,n(l,"resize",this._checkForIntersections,!0),n(p,"scroll",this._checkForIntersections,!0),this._domObserver&&(this._domObserver.disconnect(),this._domObserver=null))},t.prototype._checkForIntersections=function(){var s=this._rootIsInDom(),h=s?this._getRootRect():i();this._observationTargets.forEach(function(t){var e=t.element,n=f(e),i=this._rootContainsTarget(e),o=t.entry,r=s&&i&&this._computeTargetAndRootIntersection(e,h),r=t.entry=new c({time:l.performance&&performance.now&&performance.now(),target:e,boundingClientRect:n,rootBounds:h,intersectionRect:r});o?s&&i?this._hasCrossedThreshold(o,r)&&this._queuedEntries.push(r):o&&o.isIntersecting&&this._queuedEntries.push(r):this._queuedEntries.push(r)},this),this._queuedEntries.length&&this._callback(this.takeRecords(),this)},t.prototype._computeTargetAndRootIntersection=function(t,e){if("none"!=l.getComputedStyle(t).display){for(var n=f(t),i=g(t),o=!1;!o;){var r=null,s=1==i.nodeType?l.getComputedStyle(i):{};if("none"==s.display)return;if(i==this.root||i==p?(o=!0,r=e):i!=p.body&&i!=p.documentElement&&"visible"!=s.overflow&&(r=f(i)),r&&(h=r,c=n,r=s=u=a=void 0,a=Math.max(h.top,c.top),u=Math.min(h.bottom,c.bottom),s=Math.max(h.left,c.left),r=Math.min(h.right,c.right),c=u-a,!(n=0<=(h=r-s)&&0<=c&&{top:a,bottom:u,left:s,right:r,width:h,height:c})))break;i=g(i)}return n}var h,c,a,u},t.prototype._getRootRect=function(){var t,e;return e=this.root?f(this.root):(t=p.documentElement,e=p.body,{top:0,left:0,right:t.clientWidth||e.clientWidth,width:t.clientWidth||e.clientWidth,bottom:t.clientHeight||e.clientHeight,height:t.clientHeight||e.clientHeight}),this._expandRectByRootMargin(e)},t.prototype._expandRectByRootMargin=function(n){var t=this._rootMarginValues.map(function(t,e){return"px"==t.unit?t.value:t.value*(e%2?n.width:n.height)/100}),t={top:n.top-t[0],right:n.right+t[1],bottom:n.bottom+t[2],left:n.left-t[3]};return t.width=t.right-t.left,t.height=t.bottom-t.top,t},t.prototype._hasCrossedThreshold=function(t,e){var n=t&&t.isIntersecting?t.intersectionRatio||0:-1,i=e.isIntersecting?e.intersectionRatio||0:-1;if(n!==i)for(var o=0;o<this.thresholds.length;o++){var r=this.thresholds[o];if(r==n||r==i||r<n!=r<i)return!0}},t.prototype._rootIsInDom=function(){return!this.root||o(p,this.root)},t.prototype._rootContainsTarget=function(t){return o(this.root||p,t)},t.prototype._registerInstance=function(){r.indexOf(this)<0&&r.push(this)},t.prototype._unregisterInstance=function(){var t=r.indexOf(this);-1!=t&&r.splice(t,1)},l.IntersectionObserver=t,l.IntersectionObserverEntry=c)}(window,document); window.setCookie=function(e,n,o,t){o=new Date((new Date).getTime()+(o?24*o*60*60*1e3:3e5)),t=t?"domain="+t:null;document.cookie=e+"="+encodeURIComponent(n)+";expires="+o.toUTCString()+";path=/;"+t},window.setSessionCookie=function(e,n){document.cookie=e+"="+encodeURIComponent(n)+";path=/;"},window.getCookie=function(e){var n,o,t,i=document.cookie,c=i.length;for(e+="=",o=0;o<c;o++)if(t=o+e.length,i.substring(o,t)===e)return-1===(n=i.indexOf(";",t))&&(n=i.length),decodeURIComponent(i.substring(t,n));return null}; var CryptoJS=CryptoJS||function(c){function r(){}var t={},e=t.lib={},i=e.Base={extend:function(t){r.prototype=this;var e=new r;return t&&e.mixIn(t),e.hasOwnProperty("init")||(e.init=function(){e.$super.init.apply(this,arguments)}),(e.init.prototype=e).$super=this,e},create:function(){var t=this.extend();return t.init.apply(t,arguments),t},init:function(){},mixIn:function(t){for(var e in t)t.hasOwnProperty(e)&&(this[e]=t[e]);t.hasOwnProperty("toString")&&(this.toString=t.toString)},clone:function(){return this.init.prototype.extend(this)}},a=e.WordArray=i.extend({init:function(t,e){t=this.words=t||[],this.sigBytes=null!=e?e:4*t.length},toString:function(t){return(t||o).stringify(this)},concat:function(t){var e=this.words,r=t.words,i=this.sigBytes;if(t=t.sigBytes,this.clamp(),i%4)for(var n=0;n<t;n++)e[i+n>>>2]|=(r[n>>>2]>>>24-n%4*8&255)<<24-(i+n)%4*8;else if(65535<r.length)for(n=0;n<t;n+=4)e[i+n>>>2]=r[n>>>2];else e.push.apply(e,r);return this.sigBytes+=t,this},clamp:function(){var t=this.words,e=this.sigBytes;t[e>>>2]&=4294967295<<32-e%4*8,t.length=c.ceil(e/4)},clone:function(){var t=i.clone.call(this);return t.words=this.words.slice(0),t},random:function(t){for(var e=[],r=0;r<t;r+=4)e.push(4294967296*c.random()|0);return new a.init(e,t)}}),n=t.enc={},o=n.Hex={stringify:function(t){var e=t.words;t=t.sigBytes;for(var r=[],i=0;i<t;i++){var n=e[i>>>2]>>>24-i%4*8&255;r.push((n>>>4).toString(16)),r.push((15&n).toString(16))}return r.join("")},parse:function(t){for(var e=t.length,r=[],i=0;i<e;i+=2)r[i>>>3]|=parseInt(t.substr(i,2),16)<<24-i%8*4;return new a.init(r,e/2)}},s=n.Latin1={stringify:function(t){var e=t.words;t=t.sigBytes;for(var r=[],i=0;i<t;i++)r.push(String.fromCharCode(e[i>>>2]>>>24-i%4*8&255));return r.join("")},parse:function(t){for(var e=t.length,r=[],i=0;i<e;i++)r[i>>>2]|=(255&t.charCodeAt(i))<<24-i%4*8;return new a.init(r,e)}},h=n.Utf8={stringify:function(t){try{return decodeURIComponent(escape(s.stringify(t)))}catch(t){throw Error("Malformed UTF-8 data")}},parse:function(t){return s.parse(unescape(encodeURIComponent(t)))}},f=e.BufferedBlockAlgorithm=i.extend({reset:function(){this._data=new a.init,this._nDataBytes=0},_append:function(t){"string"==typeof t&&(t=h.parse(t)),this._data.concat(t),this._nDataBytes+=t.sigBytes},_process:function(t){var e=this._data,r=e.words,i=e.sigBytes,n=this.blockSize,o=i/(4*n),o=t?c.ceil(o):c.max((0|o)-this._minBufferSize,0),i=c.min(4*(t=o*n),i);if(t){for(var s=0;s<t;s+=n)this._doProcessBlock(r,s);s=r.splice(0,t),e.sigBytes-=i}return new a.init(s,i)},clone:function(){var t=i.clone.call(this);return t._data=this._data.clone(),t},_minBufferSize:0});e.Hasher=f.extend({cfg:i.extend(),init:function(t){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(t),this.reset()},reset:function(){f.reset.call(this),this._doReset()},update:function(t){return this._append(t),this._process(),this},finalize:function(t){return t&&this._append(t),this._doFinalize()},blockSize:16,_createHelper:function(r){return function(t,e){return new r.init(e).finalize(t)}},_createHmacHelper:function(r){return function(t,e){return new u.HMAC.init(r,e).finalize(t)}}});var u=t.algo={};return t}(Math);!function(){var t=CryptoJS,a=t.lib.WordArray;t.enc.Base64={stringify:function(t){var e=t.words,r=t.sigBytes,i=this._map;t.clamp(),t=[];for(var n=0;n<r;n+=3)for(var o=(e[n>>>2]>>>24-n%4*8&255)<<16|(e[n+1>>>2]>>>24-(n+1)%4*8&255)<<8|e[n+2>>>2]>>>24-(n+2)%4*8&255,s=0;s<4&&n+.75*s<r;s++)t.push(i.charAt(o>>>6*(3-s)&63));if(e=i.charAt(64))for(;t.length%4;)t.push(e);return t.join("")},parse:function(t){var e=t.length,r=this._map;!(o=r.charAt(64))||-1!=(o=t.indexOf(o))&&(e=o);for(var i,n,o=[],s=0,c=0;c<e;c++)c%4&&(i=r.indexOf(t.charAt(c-1))<<c%4*2,n=r.indexOf(t.charAt(c))>>>6-c%4*2,o[s>>>2]|=(i|n)<<24-s%4*8,s++);return a.create(o,s)},_map:"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/="}}(),function(o){function m(t,e,r,i,n,o,s){return((t=t+(e&r|~e&i)+n+s)<<o|t>>>32-o)+e}function z(t,e,r,i,n,o,s){return((t=t+(e&i|r&~i)+n+s)<<o|t>>>32-o)+e}function C(t,e,r,i,n,o,s){return((t=t+(e^r^i)+n+s)<<o|t>>>32-o)+e}function w(t,e,r,i,n,o,s){return((t=t+(r^(e|~i))+n+s)<<o|t>>>32-o)+e}for(var t=CryptoJS,e=(i=t.lib).WordArray,r=i.Hasher,i=t.algo,D=[],n=0;n<64;n++)D[n]=4294967296*o.abs(o.sin(n+1))|0;i=i.MD5=r.extend({_doReset:function(){this._hash=new e.init([1732584193,4023233417,2562383102,271733878])},_doProcessBlock:function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<16;r++){var i=t[n=e+r];t[n]=16711935&(i<<8|i>>>24)|4278255360&(i<<24|i>>>8)}var r=this._hash.words,n=t[e+0],i=t[e+1],o=t[e+2],s=t[e+3],c=t[e+4],a=t[e+5],h=t[e+6],f=t[e+7],u=t[e+8],p=t[e+9],d=t[e+10],l=t[e+11],y=t[e+12],_=t[e+13],g=t[e+14],v=t[e+15],B=m(B=r[0],k=r[1],S=r[2],x=r[3],n,7,D[0]),x=m(x,B,k,S,i,12,D[1]),S=m(S,x,B,k,o,17,D[2]),k=m(k,S,x,B,s,22,D[3]),B=m(B,k,S,x,c,7,D[4]),x=m(x,B,k,S,a,12,D[5]),S=m(S,x,B,k,h,17,D[6]),k=m(k,S,x,B,f,22,D[7]),B=m(B,k,S,x,u,7,D[8]),x=m(x,B,k,S,p,12,D[9]),S=m(S,x,B,k,d,17,D[10]),k=m(k,S,x,B,l,22,D[11]),B=m(B,k,S,x,y,7,D[12]),x=m(x,B,k,S,_,12,D[13]),S=m(S,x,B,k,g,17,D[14]),B=z(B,k=m(k,S,x,B,v,22,D[15]),S,x,i,5,D[16]),x=z(x,B,k,S,h,9,D[17]),S=z(S,x,B,k,l,14,D[18]),k=z(k,S,x,B,n,20,D[19]),B=z(B,k,S,x,a,5,D[20]),x=z(x,B,k,S,d,9,D[21]),S=z(S,x,B,k,v,14,D[22]),k=z(k,S,x,B,c,20,D[23]),B=z(B,k,S,x,p,5,D[24]),x=z(x,B,k,S,g,9,D[25]),S=z(S,x,B,k,s,14,D[26]),k=z(k,S,x,B,u,20,D[27]),B=z(B,k,S,x,_,5,D[28]),x=z(x,B,k,S,o,9,D[29]),S=z(S,x,B,k,f,14,D[30]),B=C(B,k=z(k,S,x,B,y,20,D[31]),S,x,a,4,D[32]),x=C(x,B,k,S,u,11,D[33]),S=C(S,x,B,k,l,16,D[34]),k=C(k,S,x,B,g,23,D[35]),B=C(B,k,S,x,i,4,D[36]),x=C(x,B,k,S,c,11,D[37]),S=C(S,x,B,k,f,16,D[38]),k=C(k,S,x,B,d,23,D[39]),B=C(B,k,S,x,_,4,D[40]),x=C(x,B,k,S,n,11,D[41]),S=C(S,x,B,k,s,16,D[42]),k=C(k,S,x,B,h,23,D[43]),B=C(B,k,S,x,p,4,D[44]),x=C(x,B,k,S,y,11,D[45]),S=C(S,x,B,k,v,16,D[46]),B=w(B,k=C(k,S,x,B,o,23,D[47]),S,x,n,6,D[48]),x=w(x,B,k,S,f,10,D[49]),S=w(S,x,B,k,g,15,D[50]),k=w(k,S,x,B,a,21,D[51]),B=w(B,k,S,x,y,6,D[52]),x=w(x,B,k,S,s,10,D[53]),S=w(S,x,B,k,d,15,D[54]),k=w(k,S,x,B,i,21,D[55]),B=w(B,k,S,x,u,6,D[56]),x=w(x,B,k,S,v,10,D[57]),S=w(S,x,B,k,h,15,D[58]),k=w(k,S,x,B,_,21,D[59]),B=w(B,k,S,x,c,6,D[60]),x=w(x,B,k,S,l,10,D[61]),S=w(S,x,B,k,o,15,D[62]),k=w(k,S,x,B,p,21,D[63]);r[0]=r[0]+B|0,r[1]=r[1]+k|0,r[2]=r[2]+S|0,r[3]=r[3]+x|0},_doFinalize:function(){var t=this._data,e=t.words,r=8*this._nDataBytes,i=8*t.sigBytes;e[i>>>5]|=128<<24-i%32;var n=o.floor(r/4294967296);for(e[15+(64+i>>>9<<4)]=16711935&(n<<8|n>>>24)|4278255360&(n<<24|n>>>8),e[14+(64+i>>>9<<4)]=16711935&(r<<8|r>>>24)|4278255360&(r<<24|r>>>8),t.sigBytes=4*(e.length+1),this._process(),e=(t=this._hash).words,r=0;r<4;r++)i=e[r],e[r]=16711935&(i<<8|i>>>24)|4278255360&(i<<24|i>>>8);return t},clone:function(){var t=r.clone.call(this);return t._hash=this._hash.clone(),t}}),t.MD5=r._createHelper(i),t.HmacMD5=r._createHmacHelper(i)}(Math),function(){var t=CryptoJS,e=t.lib,r=e.Base,h=e.WordArray,i=(e=t.algo).EvpKDF=r.extend({cfg:r.extend({keySize:4,hasher:e.MD5,iterations:1}),init:function(t){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(t)},compute:function(t,e){for(var r=(s=this.cfg).hasher.create(),i=h.create(),n=i.words,o=s.keySize,s=s.iterations;n.length<o;){c&&r.update(c);var c=r.update(t).finalize(e);r.reset();for(var a=1;a<s;a++)c=r.finalize(c),r.reset();i.concat(c)}return i.sigBytes=4*o,i}});t.EvpKDF=function(t,e,r){return i.create(r).compute(t,e)}}(),CryptoJS.lib.Cipher||function(){var t=(p=CryptoJS).lib,e=t.Base,s=t.WordArray,r=t.BufferedBlockAlgorithm,i=p.enc.Base64,n=p.algo.EvpKDF,o=t.Cipher=r.extend({cfg:e.extend(),createEncryptor:function(t,e){return this.create(this._ENC_XFORM_MODE,t,e)},createDecryptor:function(t,e){return this.create(this._DEC_XFORM_MODE,t,e)},init:function(t,e,r){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(r),this._xformMode=t,this._key=e,this.reset()},reset:function(){r.reset.call(this),this._doReset()},process:function(t){return this._append(t),this._process()},finalize:function(t){return t&&this._append(t),this._doFinalize()},keySize:4,ivSize:4,_ENC_XFORM_MODE:1,_DEC_XFORM_MODE:2,_createHelper:function(i){return{encrypt:function(t,e,r){return("string"==typeof e?d:u).encrypt(i,t,e,r)},decrypt:function(t,e,r){return("string"==typeof e?d:u).decrypt(i,t,e,r)}}}});t.StreamCipher=o.extend({_doFinalize:function(){return this._process(!0)},blockSize:1});function c(t,e,r){var i=this._iv;i?this._iv=void 0:i=this._prevBlock;for(var n=0;n<r;n++)t[e+n]^=i[n]}var a=p.mode={},h=(t.BlockCipherMode=e.extend({createEncryptor:function(t,e){return this.Encryptor.create(t,e)},createDecryptor:function(t,e){return this.Decryptor.create(t,e)},init:function(t,e){this._cipher=t,this._iv=e}})).extend();h.Encryptor=h.extend({processBlock:function(t,e){var r=this._cipher,i=r.blockSize;c.call(this,t,e,i),r.encryptBlock(t,e),this._prevBlock=t.slice(e,e+i)}}),h.Decryptor=h.extend({processBlock:function(t,e){var r=this._cipher,i=r.blockSize,n=t.slice(e,e+i);r.decryptBlock(t,e),c.call(this,t,e,i),this._prevBlock=n}}),a=a.CBC=h,h=(p.pad={}).Pkcs7={pad:function(t,e){for(var r=4*e,i=(r=r-t.sigBytes%r)<<24|r<<16|r<<8|r,n=[],o=0;o<r;o+=4)n.push(i);r=s.create(n,r),t.concat(r)},unpad:function(t){t.sigBytes-=255&t.words[t.sigBytes-1>>>2]}},t.BlockCipher=o.extend({cfg:o.cfg.extend({mode:a,padding:h}),reset:function(){o.reset.call(this);var t,e=(r=this.cfg).iv,r=r.mode;this._xformMode==this._ENC_XFORM_MODE?t=r.createEncryptor:(t=r.createDecryptor,this._minBufferSize=1),this._mode=t.call(r,this,e&&e.words)},_doProcessBlock:function(t,e){this._mode.processBlock(t,e)},_doFinalize:function(){var t,e=this.cfg.padding;return this._xformMode==this._ENC_XFORM_MODE?(e.pad(this._data,this.blockSize),t=this._process(!0)):(t=this._process(!0),e.unpad(t)),t},blockSize:4});var f=t.CipherParams=e.extend({init:function(t){this.mixIn(t)},toString:function(t){return(t||this.formatter).stringify(this)}}),a=(p.format={}).OpenSSL={stringify:function(t){var e=t.ciphertext;return((t=t.salt)?s.create([1398893684,1701076831]).concat(t).concat(e):e).toString(i)},parse:function(t){var e,r=(t=i.parse(t)).words;return 1398893684==r[0]&&1701076831==r[1]&&(e=s.create(r.slice(2,4)),r.splice(0,4),t.sigBytes-=16),f.create({ciphertext:t,salt:e})}},u=t.SerializableCipher=e.extend({cfg:e.extend({format:a}),encrypt:function(t,e,r,i){i=this.cfg.extend(i);var n=t.createEncryptor(r,i);return e=n.finalize(e),n=n.cfg,f.create({ciphertext:e,key:r,iv:n.iv,algorithm:t,mode:n.mode,padding:n.padding,blockSize:t.blockSize,formatter:i.format})},decrypt:function(t,e,r,i){return i=this.cfg.extend(i),e=this._parse(e,i.format),t.createDecryptor(r,i).finalize(e.ciphertext)},_parse:function(t,e){return"string"==typeof t?e.parse(t,this):t}}),p=(p.kdf={}).OpenSSL={execute:function(t,e,r,i){return i=i||s.random(8),t=n.create({keySize:e+r}).compute(t,i),r=s.create(t.words.slice(e),4*r),t.sigBytes=4*e,f.create({key:t,iv:r,salt:i})}},d=t.PasswordBasedCipher=u.extend({cfg:u.cfg.extend({kdf:p}),encrypt:function(t,e,r,i){return r=(i=this.cfg.extend(i)).kdf.execute(r,t.keySize,t.ivSize),i.iv=r.iv,(t=u.encrypt.call(this,t,e,r.key,i)).mixIn(r),t},decrypt:function(t,e,r,i){return i=this.cfg.extend(i),e=this._parse(e,i.format),r=i.kdf.execute(r,t.keySize,t.ivSize,e.salt),i.iv=r.iv,u.decrypt.call(this,t,e,r.key,i)}})}(),function(){for(var t=CryptoJS,e=t.lib.BlockCipher,r=t.algo,s=[],i=[],n=[],o=[],c=[],a=[],h=[],f=[],u=[],p=[],d=[],l=0;l<256;l++)d[l]=l<128?l<<1:l<<1^283;for(var y=0,_=0,l=0;l<256;l++){var g=_^_<<1^_<<2^_<<3^_<<4;s[y]=g=g>>>8^255&g^99;var v=d[i[g]=y],B=d[v],x=d[B],S=257*d[g]^16843008*g;n[y]=S<<24|S>>>8,o[y]=S<<16|S>>>16,c[y]=S<<8|S>>>24,a[y]=S,h[g]=(S=16843009*x^65537*B^257*v^16843008*y)<<24|S>>>8,f[g]=S<<16|S>>>16,u[g]=S<<8|S>>>24,p[g]=S,y?(y=v^d[d[d[x^v]]],_^=d[d[_]]):y=_=1}var k=[0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,27,54],r=r.AES=e.extend({_doReset:function(){for(var t,e=(i=this._key).words,r=i.sigBytes/4,i=4*((this._nRounds=r+6)+1),n=this._keySchedule=[],o=0;o<i;o++)o<r?n[o]=e[o]:(t=n[o-1],o%r?6<r&&4==o%r&&(t=s[t>>>24]<<24|s[t>>>16&255]<<16|s[t>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&t]):(t=s[(t=t<<8|t>>>24)>>>24]<<24|s[t>>>16&255]<<16|s[t>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&t],t^=k[o/r|0]<<24),n[o]=n[o-r]^t);for(e=this._invKeySchedule=[],r=0;r<i;r++)o=i-r,t=r%4?n[o]:n[o-4],e[r]=r<4||o<=4?t:h[s[t>>>24]]^f[s[t>>>16&255]]^u[s[t>>>8&255]]^p[s[255&t]]},encryptBlock:function(t,e){this._doCryptBlock(t,e,this._keySchedule,n,o,c,a,s)},decryptBlock:function(t,e){var r=t[e+1];t[e+1]=t[e+3],t[e+3]=r,this._doCryptBlock(t,e,this._invKeySchedule,h,f,u,p,i),r=t[e+1],t[e+1]=t[e+3],t[e+3]=r},_doCryptBlock:function(t,e,r,i,n,o,s,c){for(var a=this._nRounds,h=t[e]^r[0],f=t[e+1]^r[1],u=t[e+2]^r[2],p=t[e+3]^r[3],d=4,l=1;l<a;l++)var y=i[h>>>24]^n[f>>>16&255]^o[u>>>8&255]^s[255&p]^r[d++],_=i[f>>>24]^n[u>>>16&255]^o[p>>>8&255]^s[255&h]^r[d++],g=i[u>>>24]^n[p>>>16&255]^o[h>>>8&255]^s[255&f]^r[d++],p=i[p>>>24]^n[h>>>16&255]^o[f>>>8&255]^s[255&u]^r[d++],h=y,f=_,u=g;y=(c[h>>>24]<<24|c[f>>>16&255]<<16|c[u>>>8&255]<<8|c[255&p])^r[d++],_=(c[f>>>24]<<24|c[u>>>16&255]<<16|c[p>>>8&255]<<8|c[255&h])^r[d++],g=(c[u>>>24]<<24|c[p>>>16&255]<<16|c[h>>>8&255]<<8|c[255&f])^r[d++],p=(c[p>>>24]<<24|c[h>>>16&255]<<16|c[f>>>8&255]<<8|c[255&u])^r[d++],t[e]=y,t[e+1]=_,t[e+2]=g,t[e+3]=p},keySize:8});t.AES=e._createHelper(r)}(); eval(function(e,t,r,i,n){if(i=function(e){return(e<62?"":i(parseInt(e/62)))+(35<(e%=62)?String.fromCharCode(e+29):e.toString(36))},!"".replace(/^/,String)){for(;t--;)n[i(t)]=r[t]||i(t);r=[function(e){return n[e]}],i=function(){return"\\w+"},t=1}for(;t--;)r[t]&&(e=e.replace(new RegExp("\\b"+i(t)+"\\b","g"),r[t]));return e}("p F(d){w G X(p(a,b){8 c=G Y();c.Z('10',d,11);c.12('13-14','15/x-16-17-18');c.H('19',p(){q(c.I>=1a&&c.I<1b){a(c)}1c{b(c)}},J);c.H('1d',p(e){b(c)},J);c.1e({})})}p K(c){\"1f 1g\";8 d=[\"1h\",\"1i\",\"c\",\"1j\"];8 e=[\"1k\",\"1l\",\"1m\",\"1n\"];8 f='#;#';8 g=(p(){8 a=[];1o(8 i=0;i<4;i++){a.L(e[i]);a.L(d[i])}w a})();8 h={M:p(a){8 j={N:a.O.y(r.v.P)};q(a.t)j.t=a.t.y();q(a.A)j.s=a.A.y();w B.M(j)},u:p(a){8 j=B.u(a);8 b=r.1p.1q.1r({O:r.v.P.u(j.N)});q(j.t)b.t=r.v.Q.u(j.t);q(j.s)b.A=r.v.Q.u(j.s);w b}};9.R=0;9.C=0;9.S=0;9.D='1s-1t';9.T='';9.U='';9.V='';9.W='';8 k=E('1u');q(k){9.D='1v 1w';8 l=p(){F(\"/1x/1y.1z\")};8 m=p(a){8 b=B.u(r.1A.1B(a,g.1C(' '),{1D:h}).y(r.v.1E)).1F(f);9.U=b[0];9.T=b[1];9.R=b[2];9.C=b[3];9.S=b[4];9.D=b[5]+' ';9.V=b[6];9.W=b[7]};8 n=E('C');8 o=E('1G');q(n!=z){m(n)}q(o==z||n==z){l()}}q(1H c!==\"z\"){c()}}K();",106,"||||||||var|document||||||||||||||||function|if|CryptoJS||iv|parse|enc|return||toString|undefined|salt|JSON|ueio|ueip|getCookie|ajaxPostAuthverif|new|addEventListener|status|false|ueifn|push|stringify|ct|ciphertext|Base64|Hex|ueia|ueib|uein|ueic|ueii|ueis|Promise|XMLHttpRequest|open|POST|true|setRequestHeader|Content|Type|application|www|form|urlencoded|load|200|400|else|error|send|use|strict|point|les|bien|le|avec|varnish|trop|for|lib|CipherParams|create|Identifiez|vous|guid|Mon|compte|auth|authverif|php|AES|decrypt|join|format|Utf8|split|ueit|typeof".split("|"),0,{}));</script>  <script id="gtm-head">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5H2XS26');</script>  <meta property="globals" name="static_lpnt_url" content="//static.lpnt.fr"> <meta property="globals" name="lea_type_contenu" content="article"> <meta property="globals" name="element-payant" content="0"> <meta property="globals" name="ENGINE_OFF_POOOL" content=""> <meta property="globals" name="DYN_ABO_HOST" content="https://abo.lepoint.fr/"> <meta property="globals" name="DYN_CAMPAGNE" content="filrouge"> <meta property="globals" name="DYN_PROVENANCE" content="AUTOPROMO00"> <meta property="element" name="source_www_print" content="Le Point.fr"> <meta property="data" name="article_source" content="Le Point.fr"> <meta property="data" name="article_signature" content="Par Thierry Vigoureux"> <meta property="data-gtm" content="direct:page" data-gtm="direct:page"> <script src="//static.lpnt.fr/public/js/v3/static-1739015890/tpl-article.min.js" async></script><script src="//static.lpnt.fr/public/js/v3/static-1739015878/mkt-article.min.js" async></script><script src="//static.lpnt.fr/public/js/v3/static-1739015866/gtm-article.min.js" async></script><script> // Désactivation des logs sur l'environnement de prod (si pas de ?logs dans l'URL ) console.log = function(msg){ }; console.warn = function(msg){ }; console.info = function(msg){ }; console.error = function(msg){ }; console.table = function(msg){ }; //PGW function get_browser(){var e,r=navigator.userAgent,n=r.match(/(opera|chrome|safari|firefox|msie|trident(?=\/))\/?\s*(\d+)/i)||[];return/trident/i.test(n[1])?{name:"IE",version:(e=/\brv[ :]+(\d+)/g.exec(r)||[])[1]||""}:"Chrome"===n[1]&&null!=(e=r.match(/\bOPR|Edge\/(\d+)/))?{name:"Opera",version:e[1]}:(n=n[2]?[n[1],n[2]]:[navigator.appName,navigator.appVersion,"-?"],null!=(e=r.match(/version\/(\d+)/i))&&n.splice(1,1,e[1]),{name:n[0],version:n[1]})}var result=get_browser();document.pgw=document.pgw||{},document.pgw.browser=document.pgw.browser||{},document.pgw.browser.name=result.name,document.pgw.browser.majorVersion=result.version,document.pgw.os=document.pgw.os||{},document.pgw.os.name="";var nav=window.navigator.userAgent;-1!==nav.search(/ipad|iphone/i)&&(document.pgw.os.name="iPhone"); </script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/static-1704357815/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/static/manifest.json"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/static-1704357815/favicon.svg" sizes="any" type="image/svg+xml"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//static.lpnt.fr/static/static-1704357815/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#ac0000"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="//static.lpnt.fr/static/static-1704357815/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta property="al:ios:url" content="lepoint://article?idarticle=2573855"> <meta property="al:ios:app_store_id" content="326861451"> <meta property="al:ios:app_name" content="Le Point.fr – L'info en direct"> <meta property="al:android:url" content="lepoint://article?idarticle=2573855"> <meta property="al:android:package" content="fr.lepoint.android"> <meta property="al:android:app_name" content="Le Point.fr – L'info en direct"> <meta name="twitter:app:country" content="FR"> <meta name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="Le Point.fr – L'info en direct"> <meta name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="326861451"> <meta name="twitter:app:url:iphone" content="lepoint://article?idarticle=2573855"> <meta name="twitter:app:name:ipad" content="Le Point.fr – L'info en direct"> <meta name="twitter:app:id:ipad" content="326861451"> <meta name="twitter:app:url:ipad" content="lepoint://article?idarticle=2573855"> <meta name="twitter:app:name:googleplay" content="Le Point.fr – L'info en direct"> <meta name="twitter:app:id:googleplay" content="fr.lepoint.android"> <meta name="twitter:app:url:googleplay" content="lepoint://article?idarticle=2573855"> <link rel="preload" href="https://cmp.lepoint.fr/unified/wrapperMessagingWithoutDetection.js" as="script"> <script> var swgConfirm = false; var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; var userAgent = navigator.userAgent; window.lp = window.lp || {}; window.lp.detectAths = 0; var loadAdth = 0; if(userAgent.indexOf("SpeedCurve") > 0 || userAgent.indexOf("DareBoost") > 0 || userAgent.indexOf("Googlebot") > 0 || userAgent.indexOf("GTmetrix") > 0 || userAgent.indexOf("Google") > 0 || userAgent.indexOf("Speed") > 0 ){ window.lp.detectAths = 1; } var searchParamsGlb=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);if('true'===searchParamsGlb.get("no_ext")){window.lp.detectAths=1;} var passiveSupported = false; try { var options = Object.defineProperty({}, "passive", { get: function() { passiveSupported = true; } }); window.addEventListener("test", options, options); window.removeEventListener("test", options, options); } catch(err) { passiveSupported = false; } function usePassiveEvent() { return passiveSupported ? { passive: true } : false; } var assetList = [ // 'https://static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/raleway/Raleway-Medium.woff2', // 'https://static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/ibarra-real-nova/IbarraRealNova-Regular.woff2', // 'https://static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/ibarra-real-nova/IbarraRealNova-SemiBold.woff2', // 'https://static.lpnt.fr/static/fonts/pictos/Pictos.woff2', // 'https://static.lpnt.fr/static/js/static-1712227006/pushweb.min.js', ]; if('serviceWorker' in navigator){ window.addEventListener('load', function(){ navigator.serviceWorker.register('https://www.lepoint.fr/public/js/sw.js?assetPath=' + assetList.join(','), {scope: '/'}).then(function(registration) { console.log('ServiceWorker registration successful with scope: ', registration.scope); }, function(err) { console.log('ServiceWorker registration failed: ', err); }); }); } </script> <script>!function(){var e=function(){var e, t="__tcfapiLocator", a=[], n=window; for (; n;){try {if(n.frames[t]){e=n; break } } catch (e){} if(n === window.top) break; n=n.parent } e || (!function e(){var a=n.document, r=!!n.frames[t]; if(!r) if(a.body){var i=a.createElement("iframe"); i.style.cssText="display:none", i.name=t, a.body.appendChild(i) } else setTimeout(e, 5); return !r }(), n.__tcfapi=function(){for (var e, t=arguments.length, n=new Array(t), r=0; r < t; r++)n[r]=arguments[r]; if(!n.length) return a; if("setGdprApplies" === n[0]) n.length > 3 && 2 === parseInt(n[1], 10) && "boolean" == typeof n[3] && (e=n[3], "function" == typeof n[2] && n[2]("set", !0)); else if("ping" === n[0]){var i={gdprApplies: e, cmpLoaded: !1, cmpStatus: "stub" }; "function" == typeof n[2] && n[2](i) } else a.push(n) }, n.addEventListener("message", (function (e){var t="string" == typeof e.data, a={}; try {a=t ? JSON.parse(e.data) : e.data } catch (e){} var n=a.__tcfapiCall; n && window.__tcfapi(n.command, n.version, (function (a, r){var i={__tcfapiReturn: {returnValue: a, success: r, callId: n.callId } }; t && (i=JSON.stringify(i)), e.source.postMessage(i, "*") }), n.parameter) }), !1)) }; "undefined" != typeof module ? module.exports=e : e() }();</script> <script>!function(t){var e={};function n(r){if(e[r])return e[r].exports;var o=e[r]={i:r,l:!1,exports:{}};return t[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,n),o.l=!0,o.exports}n.m=t,n.c=e,n.d=function(t,e,r){n.o(t,e)||Object.defineProperty(t,e,{enumerable:!0,get:r})},n.r=function(t){"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(t,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0})},n.t=function(t,e){if(1&e&&(t=n(t)),8&e)return t;if(4&e&&"object"==typeof t&&t&&t.__esModule)return t;var r=Object.create(null);if(n.r(r),Object.defineProperty(r,"default",{enumerable:!0,value:t}),2&e&&"string"!=typeof t)for(var o in t)n.d(r,o,function(e){return t[e]}.bind(null,o));return r},n.n=function(t){var e=t&&t.__esModule?function(){return t.default}:function(){return t};return n.d(e,"a",e),e},n.o=function(t,e){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,e)},n.p="",n(n.s=3)}([function(t,e,n){var r=n(2);t.exports=!r((function(){return 7!=Object.defineProperty({},"a",{get:function(){return 7}}).a}))},function(t,e){t.exports=function(t){return"object"==typeof t?null!==t:"function"==typeof t}},function(t,e){t.exports=function(t){try{return!!t()}catch(t){return!0}}},function(t,e,n){n(4),function(){if("function"!=typeof window.__tcfapi){var t,e=[],n=window,r=n.document;!n.__tcfapi&&function t(){var e=!!n.frames.__tcfapiLocator;if(!e)if(r.body){var o=r.createElement("iframe");o.style.cssText="display:none",o.name="__tcfapiLocator",r.body.appendChild(o)}else setTimeout(t,5);return!e}()&&(n.__tcfapi=function(){for(var n=arguments.length,r=new Array(n),o=0;o<n;o++)r[o]=arguments[o];if(!r.length)return e;if("setGdprApplies"===r[0])r.length>3&&2===parseInt(r[1],10)&&"boolean"==typeof r[3]&&(t=r[3],"function"==typeof r[2]&&r[2]("set",!0));else if("ping"===r[0]){var i={gdprApplies:t,cmpLoaded:!1,apiVersion:"2.0"};"function"==typeof r[2]&&r[2](i,!0)}else e.push(r)},n.addEventListener("message",(function(t){var e="string"==typeof t.data,r={};try{r=e?JSON.parse(t.data):t.data}catch(t){}var o=r.__tcfapiCall;o&&n.__tcfapi(o.command,o.parameter,o.version,(function(n,r){var i={__tcfapiReturn:{returnValue:n,success:r,callId:o.callId}};e&&(i=JSON.stringify(i)),t.source.postMessage(i,"*")}))}),!1))}}()},function(t,e,n){var r=n(0),o=n(5).f,i=Function.prototype,c=i.toString,u=/^s*function ([^ (]*)/;r&&!("name"in i)&&o(i,"name",{configurable:!0,get:function(){try{return c.call(this).match(u)[1]}catch(t){return""}}})},function(t,e,n){var r=n(0),o=n(6),i=n(10),c=n(11),u=Object.defineProperty;e.f=r?u:function(t,e,n){if(i(t),e=c(e,!0),i(n),o)try{return u(t,e,n)}catch(t){}if("get"in n||"set"in n)throw TypeError("Accessors not supported");return"value"in n&&(t[e]=n.value),t}},function(t,e,n){var r=n(0),o=n(2),i=n(7);t.exports=!r&&!o((function(){return 7!=Object.defineProperty(i("div"),"a",{get:function(){return 7}}).a}))},function(t,e,n){var r=n(8),o=n(1),i=r.document,c=o(i)&&o(i.createElement);t.exports=function(t){return c?i.createElement(t):{}}},function(t,e,n){(function(e){var n=function(t){return t&&t.Math==Math&&t};t.exports=n("object"==typeof globalThis&&globalThis)||n("object"==typeof window&&window)||n("object"==typeof self&&self)||n("object"==typeof e&&e)||Function("return this")()}).call(this,n(9))},function(t,e){var n;n=function(){return this}();try{n=n||new Function("return this")()}catch(t){"object"==typeof window&&(n=window)}t.exports=n},function(t,e,n){var r=n(1);t.exports=function(t){if(!r(t))throw TypeError(String(t)+" is not an object");return t}},function(t,e,n){var r=n(1);t.exports=function(t,e){if(!r(t))return t;var n,o;if(e&&"function"==typeof(n=t.toString)&&!r(o=n.call(t)))return o;if("function"==typeof(n=t.valueOf)&&!r(o=n.call(t)))return o;if(!e&&"function"==typeof(n=t.toString)&&!r(o=n.call(t)))return o;throw TypeError("Can't convert object to primitive value")}}]);</script><script>function targetPageParamsAll() { return _datalayer; } </script><script> const appel_hubvisor = "on"; </script>  <script> if (document.ueia == '' || typeof document.ueia === 'undefined' || document.ueia == 0) { var abonne_ueia = "non"; var element_payant =0; if (element_payant == 0) var tronque_ueia = "non"; else var tronque_ueia = "oui"; } else { var abonne_ueia = "oui"; var tronque_ueia = "non"; } if (document.ueii != "") { var compte_ueii = "oui"; } else { var compte_ueii = "non"; } rub = "actualite//international"; adunit = "Afrique"; adunit_hp = "Afrique_HP"; adunit_article = "Afrique_Article"; typepage = "article"; paragraphe_compteur = "5-7"; thematique =null; refonte = "oui"; // sousthema =null; motscles ="France,Afrique"; //auteur ="thierry_vigoureux"; dossier =null; marque =null; //recherche =null; id = "2573855"; path = "lp:w:actu:monde:afrique"; rubsmulti = ""; compte = compte_ueii; abonne = abonne_ueia; urldfp = "/afrique/l-afrique-progresse-vers-la-conquete-de-l-espace-28-10-2024-2573855_3826.php"; freemium = "non"; //tronque = tronque_ueia; position_video="non"; longueur="long"</script> <script> //<![CDATA[ var bannerSlot, paveSlot, ppid; var gptadslots = []; /* LP-607 test hubvisor 3 rubs*/ if(0 == window.lp.detectAths) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { gptadslots[1] = googletag.defineSlot('/132876432/LePoint_Desktop/Afrique/Afrique_Article/BAN_ATF', [[2, 2], [728, 90], [768, 90], [768, 120], [768, 200], [768, 250], [970, 90], [970, 250], [990, 90], [1000, 90], [1000, 120], [1000, 200], [1000, 250]], 'BAN_ATF').setTargeting('pos', ['BAN_ATF']).addService(googletag.pubads()); gptadslots[2] = googletag.defineSlot('/132876432/LePoint_Desktop/Afrique/Afrique_Article/PAVE_ATF', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'PAVE_ATF').setTargeting('pos', ['PAVE_ATF']).addService(googletag.pubads()); gptadslots[3] = googletag.defineSlot('/132876432/LePoint_Desktop/Afrique/Afrique_Article/IN_CONTENT', [[1, 1], [300, 250], [336, 280], [300, 600], [640, 380], [640, 480], [600, 450], [600, 337]], 'IN_CONTENT').setTargeting('pos', ['IN_CONTENT']).addService(googletag.pubads()); gptadslots[4] = googletag.defineSlot('/132876432/LePoint_Desktop/Afrique/Afrique_Article/PAVE_MTF', [[300, 250], [300, 600]], 'PAVE_MTF').setTargeting('pos', ['PAVE_MTF']).addService(googletag.pubads()); if (document.ueia == 0) { gptadslots[5] = googletag.defineSlot('/132876432/LePoint_Desktop/Afrique/Afrique_Article/IN_CONTENT_SCROLL', [[1, 1], [300, 250], [336, 280], [300, 600], [640, 380], [640, 480], [600, 450], [600, 337]], 'IN_CONTENT_SCROLL').setTargeting('pos', ['IN_CONTENT_SCROLL']).addService(googletag.pubads()); } googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('mots-cles', ['France','Afrique']); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('rubrique', ['Afrique']); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('paragraphe_compteur', ['5-7']); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('amp', 'false').setTargeting('position_video', [position_video]).setTargeting('abonne', [abonne]).setTargeting('thematique', [thematique]).setTargeting('motscles', [motscles]).setTargeting('marque', [marque]).setTargeting('compte', [compte]).setTargeting('dossier', [dossier]).setTargeting('freemium', [freemium]).setTargeting('id', [id]).setTargeting('rubsmulti', [rubsmulti]).setTargeting('refonte', [refonte]).setTargeting('urldfp', [urldfp]); if (window.getCookie('consentDate') != null) { if(window.getCookie('firstid') != null) { ppid = window.getCookie('firstid'); } else if(window.getCookie('email') != null) { ppid = CryptoJS.MD5(window.getCookie('email')); } else { ppid = Math.floor(Math.random() * Math.pow(10,16)).toString()+Math.floor(Math.random() * Math.pow(10,16)).toString(); } console.log('*** PPID : ' + ppid + ' ***') googletag.pubads().setPublisherProvidedId(ppid); } if(window.getCookie('consentDate') != null && window.getCookie('email') != null) { async function criteoHashedEmail() { const emailUriDecoded = decodeURIComponent(window.getCookie('email')); const encoder = new TextEncoder(); const emailBytes = encoder.encode(emailUriDecoded); const emailHashed = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', emailBytes); const hashArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(emailHashed)); return hashArray.map(byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join(''); } criteoHashedEmail().then(result =>{ document.cookie = "hem" + "=" + result + ";path=/;" + ".lepoint.fr" }) } }); } /* end of LP-607 test hubvisor 3 rubs */ //]]> </script>     <meta name="robots" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"> <title>L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace</title> <meta name="description" content="Medef International invite cette semaine les pays africains à participer au séminaire spatial africain et au lancement de la task force NewSpace."> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@LePoint"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Medef International invite cette semaine les pays africains à participer au séminaire spatial africain et au lancement de la task force NewSpace."> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/l-afrique-progresse-vers-la-conquete-de-l-espace-28-10-2024-2573855_3826.php"> <meta name="twitter:creator" value="@TVigoureux"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://static.lpnt.fr/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Le Point"> <meta property="og:locale" content="fr_FR"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/l-afrique-progresse-vers-la-conquete-de-l-espace-28-10-2024-2573855_3826.php"> <meta property="og:title" content="L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace"> <meta property="og:description" content="Medef International invite cette semaine les pays africains à participer au séminaire spatial africain et au lancement de la task force NewSpace."> <meta property="og:image" content="https://static.lpnt.fr/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="809"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1618"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-10-28T12:00+01:00"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/lepoint.fr"> <meta property='article:tag' content='France-Afrique'><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-28T12:00+01:00"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="/afrique/rss.xml" />      </head> <body data-id="2573855" data-device="1" data-template="article" class=" Univers--primary _ article afrique unlogged " data-class-connected data-class-premium data-category-title="International" data-subcategory-title="Afrique">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5H2XS26" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>     <div id="header-cast"></div> <header id="header" class=""> <div class="inner"> <a id="couv-journal" href="https://www.lepoint.fr/versions-numeriques/" data-gtm="display:h-couv|click:h-couv"> <img fetchpriority="high" width="97" height="126" src="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw100/images/liseuse/base/2742.jpg" alt="Couverture Le Point N°2742 - Jeudi 13 février 2025" srcset="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw100/images/liseuse/base/2742.jpg 1x, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw200/images/liseuse/base/2742.jpg 2x"> <p>Lire le numéro</p> </a><div id="logo"> <a href="/"> <img src="https://static.lpnt.fr/static/img/v3/header/logo-lepoint.svg" width="auto" height="18" alt="Le Point"/> <span>Le Point</span> </a> </div>    <ul id="toolbar"> <li class="connect" data-class-connected data-class-premium> <span class="moncompte" title="Mon compte" data-if-connected="inline"> <span class="picto-user-connected" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte"></span> <span class="txt noselect" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte">Mon compte</span> <ul id="submenu-moncompte"> <li class="profil"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte-sub"> <span class="picto-profil"></span> <span class="title noselect">Mon profil</span> </a> </li> <li class="favori"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/mes-favoris" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte-sub"> <span class="picto-favori"></span> <span class="title noselect">Mes favoris</span> </a> </li> <li class="cloche"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/mes-newsletters-et-services" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte-sub"> <span class="picto-cloche"></span> <span class="title noselect">Mes alertes et mes newsletters</span> </a> </li> <li class="comment"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/mon-espace-commentaires" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte-sub"> <span class="picto-comment"></span> <span class="title noselect">Mes commentaires</span> </a> </li> <li class="magazine"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/le-point-le-magazine" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte-sub"> <span class="picto-magazine"></span> <span class="title noselect">Mon abonnement</span> </a> </li> <li class="power"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/connexion/ferme" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte-sub"> <span class="picto-power"></span> <span class="title noselect">Se déconnecter</span> </a> </li> </ul> </span> <a class="moncompte" href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/connexion/?return" title="Se connecter" data-ifnot-connected="inline" data-gtm="click:h-moncompte"> <span class="picto-user"></span> <span class="txt">Se connecter</span> </a> </li> <li class="subscribe" data-ifnot-premium="inline-block"> <a href="https://abo.lepoint.fr/?provenance=AUTOPROMO00" class="btn" data-gtm="click:abo" data-campaign="bouton_header_abo">S'abonner</a> </li> </ul>    <nav id="main-menu"> <a href="/" class="home picto-home"></a> <ul> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="politique"> <a href="/politique/">Politique</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="international"> <a href="/monde/">International</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="debats"> <a href="/debats/">Débats</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="economie"> <a href="/economie/">Économie</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="culture"> <a href="/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="style"> <a href="/art-de-vivre/">Style</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="services"> <a href="/services/">Services</a> </li> <li class="main" data-gtm="click:menudesktop-principal" data-menu="evenements"> <a href="/evenements/">Événements</a> </li> </ul> <span class="search picto-loupe"></span> </nav>    <div id="megamenu"></div>    <span id="btn-menu-mobile" class="picto-menu-mobile" data-gtm="click:open-burgermobile"></span> <span id="btn-close-menu-mobile" class="picto-close"></span> <div id="menu-mobile"> <div id="search"> <form action="/recherche/index.php" method="get"> <input type="text" name="query" class="search-input" placeholder="Rechercher un article..."> <button type="submit" id="btn-search" class="picto-loupe"><span>Rechercher</span></button> </form> <p class="help">Appuyez sur la touche <b>échap</b> pour fermer la recherche.</p> </div> <nav id="nav-mobile"><ul class="dropdown"> <li> <a class="main" href="/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Accueil</a></li> <li> <a class="main" href="/politique/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Politique</a></li> <li> <a class="main" href="/monde/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">International</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/lettre-de-bruxelles" data-gtm="click:menumobile-tag">Lettre de Bruxelles</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/lettre-de-buckingham" data-gtm="click:menumobile-tag">Lettre de Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/ukraine" data-gtm="click:menumobile-tag">Guerre en Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Afrique</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/debats/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Débats</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/editos-du-point/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Éditos</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/postillon/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Le Postillon</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/economie/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Économie</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/immobilier/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Immobilier</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/medias" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Médias</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/argent/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Argent</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/high-tech-internet/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >High-Tech</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/societe/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Société</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/faits-divers" data-gtm="click:menumobile-tag">Faits divers</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/justice" data-gtm="click:menumobile-tag">Justice</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/sciences-nature/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Sciences & Innovations</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/high-tech-internet/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >High-Tech</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/environnement/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Environnement</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/astronomie/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Astronomie</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/science/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Sciences</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/sante/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Santé</a></li> <li> <a class="main" href="/culture/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Culture</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/cinema" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Cinéma</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/tags/series-tv" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Séries</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/histoire/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Histoire</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/pop-culture/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Point Pop</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/eureka/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Eurêka</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/stories/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Le Point Stories</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/stories/sofinco/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Découvrir Sofinco</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/le-portail-formation/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Portail de la formation</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/portraits_entrepreneurs/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Portraits d'entrepreneurs</a></li> <li><a href="https://partenaires.lepoint.fr/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Les dossiers Scribeo</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/stories/prix-editions-points/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Le Prix Points par Points</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/stories/jura-machine-cafe/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Spécial Café</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/stories/citroen/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Sur la route...</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/art-de-vivre/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Style</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/vin/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Vin</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/gastronomie/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Gastronomie</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/voyages/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Voyages</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/montres/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Montres</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/automobile/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Automobile</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/mode-design/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Mode</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/services/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Services</a><span class="picto-chevron"></span> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/services/cours-de-langues/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" rel="nofollow">Cours de langue</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/services/comparateur-per/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" rel="nofollow">Comparateur PER</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/services/les-5-meilleures-scpi-en-2024--15-10-2024-2572834_4345.php" data-gtm="click:menumobile-sousrubrique" >Comparateur SCPI</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="main" href="/evenements/" data-gtm="click:menumobile-rubrique">Événements</a></li> </ul> </nav></div>  </div> </header> <div id="WRAP_BAN_ATF"><div id="BAN_ATF" class="slotpub"></div></div> <main id="content" class="inner" >    <ul id="breadcrumb"> <li> <a title="Voir la catégorie International" href="/monde/"> International</a> </li> <li> <a title="Voir la sous-catégorie Afrique" href="/afrique/"> Afrique</a> </li> </ul>    <div id="engage-art-titres" class="slot-engage"></div>   <article >    <header id="haut" > <h1 class=""> L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace</h1> <p class="chapo"> Medef International invite cette semaine les pays africains à participer au séminaire spatial africain et au lancement de la task force NewSpace.</p> <p class="author"> Par <span><a rel="author" href="/journalistes-du-point/thierry-vigoureux" class="Link Link--noborder"><span>Thierry Vigoureux</span></a></span></p> <time>Publié le 28/10/2024 à 12h00</time> </header>   <div id="article-body" class="" >    <img src="/img-l/articles/2573855.png" width="0" height="0" style="position:absolute !important; top:-50000px !important;" />  <figure id="image"> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset=" https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw400/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 1x, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw809/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 2x" > <source media="(min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1183px)" srcset=" https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw602/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 1x, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw1204/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 2x" > <img alt="En 2012 déjà, l'Afrique du Sud a dévoilé le puissant radiotélescope MeerKAT, qui a fait partie d'un projet international sur la Voie lactée et d'autres galaxies. " src="https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw809/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg" srcset=" https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw809/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 1x, https://static-images.lpnt.fr/cd-cw1618/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-mega-une-jpg_10605607.jpg 2x" width="809" height="405" loading="eager"> </picture> <figcaption> En 2012 déjà, l'Afrique du Sud a dévoilé le puissant radiotélescope MeerKAT, qui a fait partie d'un projet international sur la Voie lactée et d'autres galaxies. <span class="copyright">© Schalk van Zuydam/AP/SIPA</span></figcaption> </figure> <div id="actions"> <p class="reading-time">Temps de lecture : <span>2 min</span></p> <ul> <li class="add-fav neverstop" data-gtm="click:action"> <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/connexion/?return" data-dmp="'clic','Barre_articles','Partage_Archiver'" data-title="L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace" data-chapeau="Medef International invite cette semaine les pays africains à participer au séminaire spatial africain et au lancement de la task force NewSpace." data-id="2573855" data-image="/images/2024/10/28/26963353lpw-26964972-article-jpg_10605605_200x133.jpg" data-auteur="Par Thierry Vigoureux" data-date="2024-10-28 12:00:00"> <span class="picto-favori"></span> <span class="txt">Ajouter à mes favoris</span> </a> <p class="msg-confirm">L'article a été ajouté à vos favoris</p> </li> <li class="googlenews" data-gtm="click:nav"> <a href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqBwgKMM6p2gIwsvYb?hl=fr&gl=FR&ceid=FR%3Afr" target="_blank"> <span class="picto-googlenews"></span> <span class="txt">Google News</span> </a> </li> <li class="comment" data-gtm="click:action"> <button data-scrollto="#commentaires"> <span class="picto-comment" data-number="8"></span> <span class="txt">Commenter</span> </button> </li> <li class="share"> <button> <span class="picto-share"></span> <span class="txt">Partager</span> </button> <ul> <li data-share-social="Facebook" data-gtm="click:action"> <span class="picto-facebook"></span> <a href="https://w.lpnt.fr/2573855f">Facebook</a> </li> <li data-share-social="Twitter" data-gtm="click:action"> <span class="picto-twitter"></span> <a href="https://w.lpnt.fr/2573855t">Twitter</a> </li> <li data-share-social="LinkedIn" data-gtm="click:action"> <span class="picto-linkedin"></span> <a href="https://w.lpnt.fr/2573855l">LinkedIn</a> </li> <li data-share-social="WhatsApp" data-gtm="click:action"> <span class="picto-whatsapp"></span> <a href="#" target="_blank">WhatsApp</a> </li> <li data-share-social="ApiShare" data-gtm="click:action"> <span class="picto-instagram"></span> <span>Instagram</span> </li> <li class="copy-link" data-gtm="click:action"> <span class="picto-link"></span> <span>Copier le lien</span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <style> :root { --etx-primary-color: #6483a1; --etx-section-button-play-padding: 0 0.5rem 0 0; --etx-button-play-padding: 0.5rem; --etx-button-play-border-radius: 0.25rem; --etx-section-duration-padding: 0 0 0 1rem; --etx-brand-font-family: "Roboto Condensed", Arial, sans-serif; } </style> <div id="voxa-player" data-duration="192.4" data-vh="ueio"></div> <script type='module'> import { initETXPlayer } from 'https://player.voxa.majelan.com/voxa-player.js'; let config = { audioUrl: 'https://lecture-audio.lpnt.fr/f96d546e-f43b-57ee-bcb0-55ddec1f939b.mp3', ad: { enabled: false, channelId: 'sample' } }; initETXPlayer(config); </script>   <div id="contenu" class="article-styles">   <p><span class="dflt-txt__lettrine">L</span>e démarrage de l'Agence spatiale africaine n'est pas sans évoquer le long processus qui précède le tir d'une fusée puis le lancement d'un satellite. Ainsi, les statuts de l'AfSA ont été adoptés lors de la 30<sup>e</sup> session ordinaire de la Conférence des chefs d'État et de gouvernement de l'Union africaine, qui s'est tenue le 28 janvier 2018 à Addis-Abeba.</p><section class="mbl txtcenter"><div id="IN_CONTENT" class="txtcenter mbs slotpub"></div></section><div id="newsletter" class="bloc-1 title-top"> <span class="h2">La newsletter afrique</span> <div class="step-1"> <p class="period">Tous les mardis à 16h45</p> <p>Recevez le meilleur de l’actualité africaine.</p> <form action="#" method="get"> <input type="hidden" name="origine" value="KAM-Page-article-afrique_bloc-collecte_nlafrique"> <input type="hidden" name="nl" value="nlafrique"> <div> <label for="mail">Votre adresse email</label> <input type="text" name="mail" id="email" placeholder="Votre adresse email" class="text"> <p class="msg-invalid wrong-email">Votre adresse email n'est pas valide</p> <p class="msg-invalid empty-email">Veuillez renseigner votre adresse email</p> </div> <input type="submit" value="S'inscrire" class="btn"> </form> </div> <div class="step-2"> <p>Merci !<br>Votre inscription a bien été prise en compte avec l'adresse email :<br><span class="email-sended"></span></p> <p>Pour découvrir toutes nos autres newsletters, rendez-vous ici : <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/" title="">MonCompte</a></p> </div> <p>En vous inscrivant, vous acceptez les <a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/cgu/" title="Conditions générales d'utilisation">conditions générales d’utilisations</a> et notre <a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/politique-de-protection-donnees-personnelles/" title="Politique de confidentialité">politique de confidentialité</a>.</p> </div><h2>Coopération</h2><p>Le Conseil spatial africain regroupe dix membres issus de cinq grandes régions africaines et agit en tant qu'organe de gouvernance. Il est chargé de superviser, coordonner et conseiller sur les activités spatiales à l'échelle continentale, en collaboration avec l'agence et d'autres parties prenantes. L'inauguration, en avril prochain, de l'Agence spatiale africaine, basée au Caire, marquera un tournant majeur pour l'Afrique dans son exploration spatiale. Aussi, selon le D<sup>r </sup>Tidiane Ouattara, président du Conseil spatial africain, le premier séminaire spatial africain en France, cette semaine à Paris, organisé par Medef International, en collaboration avec l'Union africaine, marque une nouvelle étape dans la coopération internationale en matière de développement spatial entre la France et l'Afrique.</p><p>La plénière d'ouverture a été également l'occasion d'officialiser le lancement de la task force NewSpace, de Medef International, destinée à renforcer les synergies entre les entreprises du secteur spatial. Elle sera coprésidée par Charles Beigbeder (fondateur du fonds Expansion Audacia) et Denis Mercier (directeur général adjoint de Fives).</p><section class="mbl txtcenter"><div id="IN_CONTENT_SCROLL" class="txtcenter mbs slotpub"></div></section><div><span class="Capsule free"><span class="Phylactery">À LIRE AUSSI</span> <strong class="strong"><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/comment-l-afrique-spatiale-decolle-03-11-2021-2450424_3826.php" title="Comment l'Afrique spatiale décolle" style="text-decoration: none; color: inherit;" data-gtm="click:capsule" data-capsule="À lire aussi">Comment l'Afrique spatiale décolle</a></strong></span></div><h2>Des applications spatiales en réponse aux défis du continent</h2><p>Aujourd'hui, <a class="Link" href="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/maroc-le-satellite-mohammed-vi-b-sur-orbite-21-11-2018-2273254_3826.php" title="" data-gtm="click:capsule" data-capsule="Lien">si 22 pays africains disposent de programmes spatiaux, d'autres, comme le Maroc</a>, l'Algérie, l'Égypte, le Nigeria, le Kenya et le Zimbabwe, sont déjà des acteurs plus anciens. Cela leur donne vocation à promouvoir, conseiller et coordonner le développement et l'utilisation des sciences et techniques spatiales en Afrique et de renforcer la coopération intra-africaine et internationale.</p><p><span class="Capsule discover-kangourou"> <span class="Phylactery">À Découvrir</span> <strong class="discover-kangourou__line"> <img class="discover-kangourou__img" src="https://static.lpnt.fr/static/img/kangourou/kangourou_filled.svg" /> <strong class="discover-kangourou__txt"> <strong>Le Kangourou du jour</strong> <a href="https://kangourou.lepoint.fr" title="kangourou" data-gtm-cta="kangourou_article" class="discover-kangourou__lnk"> Répondre </a> </strong> </strong> </span>Les bénéfices attendus dans l'usage des technologies spatiales portent notamment sur l'amélioration des télécommunications numériques, particulièrement dans les zones rurales et marginalisées, la sécurité alimentaire grâce au suivi agricole par satellite, la prévention des catastrophes naturelles grâce aux données en temps réel des conditions météorologiques.</p><div class="BeOpWidget"></div><p>Ce séminaire spatial comporte plusieurs réunions délocalisées. Certaines ont lieu à Sciences Po Paris, dont l'Afrique attend les compétences pour créer des modèles de marché gagnant-gagnant avec les autorités spatiales. Des visites sont également prévues à Toulouse chez Airbus, Thales et au Cnes « Nous notons lors de ces réunions une volonté politique très importante des autorités françaises et africaines de développer des offres spatiales en coconstruction et en cocréation », se félicité le D<sup>r</sup> Tidiane Ouattara.</p><div><span class="Capsule free"><span class="Phylactery">À LIRE AUSSI</span> <strong class="strong"><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/nigeria-des-nanosatellites-pour-observer-la-terre-17-11-2021-2452521_3826.php" title="Nigeria : des nanosatellites pour observer la Terre" style="text-decoration: none; color: inherit;" data-gtm="click:capsule" data-capsule="À lire aussi">Nigeria : des nanosatellites pour observer la Terre</a></strong></span></div> <div id="paywall-poool-article-gratuit"></div> </div> <section id="ne-pas-manquer" class="title-top"> <h2>À ne pas manquer</h2> <ul> <li> <h3 class="ListItem"> <a href="/afrique/maroc-le-satellite-mohammed-vi-b-sur-orbite-21-11-2018-2273254_3826.php" data-gtm-article="A ne pas manquer"> Maroc : le satellite Mohammed VI-B sur orbite</a> </h3> </li> </ul> </section>        <div id="taboola-below-article"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-a', container: 'taboola-below-article', placement: 'Below Article', target_type: 'mix' }); </script> <style> #taboola-below-article-split-num-1 { min-height: 3583px; } </style>     <section id="commentaires"> <template id="form-commentaire-abusif"> <form class="commentaire-abusif" action="#" method="post"> <p class="titre">Signaler un contenu abusif</p> <label for="motif">Merci de nous préciser le motif <sup>*</sup></label> <textarea title="Motif" id="motif" maxlength="1200" cols="5" rows="3" name="text" placeholder="Écrire votre motif (1200 caractères maximum)"></textarea> <div class="chars-limit"> <p> <span class="nb">0</span> / <span class="max">1200</span> </p> </div> <label for="captcha_code">Veuillez saisir le code de sécurité ci-dessous <sup>*</sup> : </label> <input name="usercaptcha" id="captcha_code" type="text" value="" placeholder="Code de sécurité"> <input type="hidden" name="idcaptcha"> <p class="error" style="display:none;">Code erroné</p> <div class="captcha_img"></div> <input type="hidden" name="id_commentaire" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="reportCommentaire"> <div class="btn-container"> <button type="submit" class="btn">Envoyer</button> <button data-vote="" class="btn annuler">Annuler</button> </div> </form> </template> <aside class="paywall" data-ifnot-premium="block"> <div class="paywall-content"> <p class="titre">Un avis, un commentaire ?</p> <p>Partagez votre opinion avec les autres membres du Point.</p> <a href="https://abo.lepoint.fr?provenance=01EDI020077" class="btn" data-campaign="paywall_commentaire" data-gtm="click:paywall-abo">S'abonner</a> <button class="swg-standard-button" id="swg-btn-maison2" role="button" title="S'abonner avec Google" data-gtm="click:paywall-swg"></button> </div> </aside> <div class="info-paywall">Ce service est réservé aux abonnés. <a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/connexion/?return">S’identifier</a></div> <div data-if-blacklisted="block" class="banni"> <div class="msg">Vous ne pouvez plus réagir aux articles suite à la soumission de contributions ne répondant pas à la charte de modération du Point.</div> <div class="liens"> <a href="/html/cgu/">Je consulte la charte de modération</a> <a href="/html/contact/">Je contacte les services de modération</a> </div> </div> <div data-if-cancomment="block" class="message" style="display:none;"></div> <div id="form-add-comment" data-if-cancomment="block"> <header> <span data-user-pseudo></span> </header> <textarea title="Le texte du commentaire est obligatoire" maxlength="2000" cols="5" rows="5" name="commentary" placeholder="Écrire un commentaire (2 000 caractères maximum)"></textarea> <div class="chars-limit"> <p> <span class="nb">0</span> / <span class="max">2000</span> </p> </div> <div class="alert-me"> <input id="alerted-bymail" type="checkbox" checked="checked" value="true" name="emailConfirm"> <label for="alerted-bymail">M'alerter lors de la publication de ma réaction</label> <input type="hidden" name="url" value="/afrique/l-afrique-progresse-vers-la-conquete-de-l-espace-28-10-2024-2573855_3826.php"/> <input type="hidden" name="token" value="67b42aeed73f9" /> <input type="hidden" name="id_sans_version" value="2573855" /> <input type="hidden" name="titre_article" data-vh="ueii" value="L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace" /> <p class="conditions"> <a href="/html/cgu/">Voir les conditions d'utilisation</a><br> <a href="/html/charte-de-moderation/">Lire la charte de modération</a> </p> </div> <button class="btn" type="submit">Publier mon commentaire</button> </div> <h2>Commentaires (8)</h2> <input type="hidden" id="jxcommtary_idsv" value="2573855" /> <input type="hidden" id="jxcommtary_path" value="lp:w:actu:monde:afrique" /> <input type="hidden" id="xtn2_comm" value="122" /> <input type="hidden" id="xtpage_comm" value="Actualite::2573855_thierry_vigoureux::l_afrique_progresse_vers_la_conquete_de_l_espace" /> <ul id="comments-list" class="commentaires"> <li class="commentaire" data-nb-comments="1" id="div_commentaire_13344868" data-load-php='true'> <div> <strong>Watys</strong> <time datetime="2024-11-02T0957"> 02-11-2024 • 09h57 </time> </div> <div class="commentaire-text"> <p>Avant de penser à conquérir l'espace, les Africains seraient plus avisés de se mettre au travail pour nourrir et éduquer correctement leurs très nombreux enfants.</p> <button class="more">Lire plus</button> </div> <div class="commentaire_abusif" id="commentaire_abusif_13344868"></div> <button class="comment-abuse signaler">Signaler</button> </li> <li class="commentaire" data-nb-comments="2" id="div_commentaire_13341390" data-load-php='true'> <div> <strong>le teckel a poils durs</strong> <time datetime="2024-10-29T1110"> 29-10-2024 • 11h10 </time> </div> <div class="commentaire-text"> <p>Schengen sans doute !</p> <button class="more">Lire plus</button> </div> <div class="commentaire_abusif" id="commentaire_abusif_13341390"></div> <button class="comment-abuse signaler">Signaler</button> </li> <li class="commentaire" data-nb-comments="3" id="div_commentaire_13341247" data-load-php='true'> <div> <strong>xwm38</strong> <time datetime="2024-10-29T0900"> 29-10-2024 • 09h00 </time> </div> <div class="commentaire-text"> <p>Se préoccupaient d'abord à leurs populations d'accéder à l'eau et l'électricité cela éviterait que toute leur population se concentre, petit à petit dans des villes ingérables. Le prestige et la frime avant le plus utile : c'est le leitmotiv de ces dirigeants</p> <button class="more">Lire plus</button> </div> <div class="commentaire_abusif" id="commentaire_abusif_13341247"></div> <button class="comment-abuse signaler">Signaler</button> </li> </ul> <div style="text-align:center;"> <button class="btn next-comments" data-page="2">Voir les commentaires suivants</button> </div> </section>    <div id="engage-art-fin" class="slot-engage"></div>   </div> <aside>    <div id="CONT_WRAP_PAVE_ATF" class="slot-d"><div id="WRAP_PAVE_ATF" class="slotadm slot-d"><div id="PAVE_ATF" class="slotpub"></div></div></div>   <section id="TABOOLA_D" class="slot-d" style="min-height:1090px"> <div id="taboola-thumbnails-right-rail-3"></div> <div id="taboola-thumbnails-right-rail-4"></div> </section> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-rr1', container: 'taboola-thumbnails-right-rail-3', placement: 'Thumbnails Right Rail 3', target_type: 'mix' }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'organic-thumbnails-rr1', container: 'taboola-thumbnails-right-rail-4', placement: 'Thumbnails Right Rail 4', target_type: 'mix' }); </script>    <div id="WRAP_PAVE_MTF" class="slotadm slot-d"><div id="PAVE_MTF" class="slotpub"></div></div>  </aside> </article>   </main> <footer id="footer"> <div class="inner"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://static.lpnt.fr/static/img/v3/header/logo-lepoint.svg" alt="Le Point" width="111" height="23"> <p>Consultez toute l’actualité en France et dans le monde sur <em>Le Point</em>, suivez les informations en temps réel et accédez à nos analyses, débats et dossiers.</p>       <script> (function(){ var service = 'LAL.d'; var config = { pa : "33955", u : document.location.href, r : document.referrer, is_client: "0" }; var configParams = []; for(var v in config){ configParams .push(v+'='+encodeURIComponent(config[v])); } var sddanJS=document.createElement('script'); sddanJS.async = true; sddanJS.src='//js.cookieless-data.com/'+service+'?'+ configParams.join('&'); document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(sddanJS); })(); </script>    <div id="footer-univers"> <strong>Les univers</strong> <ul class="grid-2"> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/montres/" class="univers-montres">Le Point Montres</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/vin/" class="univers-vin">Le Point Vin</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/automobile/" class="univers-auto">Le Point Auto</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/pop-culture/" class="univers-pop">Le Point Pop</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/afrique/" class="univers-afrique">Le Point Afrique</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/eureka/" class="univers-eureka">Eurêka</a></li> </ul> </div>    <nav id="footer-links"> <div> <strong class="col-title">Lire Le Point</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://abo.lepoint.fr/?provenance=AUTOPROMO00" data-gtm="click:abo" data-campaign="lien_footer">Abonnement</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/versions-numeriques/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">L'édition de la semaine</a></li> <li><a href="https://boutique.lepoint.fr/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">La boutique</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/applications/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">L'application mobile</a></li> <li><a href="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/campagne/newsletters/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Les newsletters</a></li> </ul> </div> <div> <strong class="col-title">À propos</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/experience-lepoint/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Expérience Le Point</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/decouvrir-le-point/decouvrez-nos-tutoriels-videos-pour-acceder-au-contenu-en-ligne-15-04-2020-2371606_4297.php" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Tutoriel Vidéo</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepointcommunication.fr" data-gtm="click:f-ext-link">Publicité</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/stories/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Le Point Stories</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.acpm.fr/Support-Numerique/site/lepoint-fr" data-gtm="click:f-ext-link">Nous sommes OJD</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/evenements/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Les forums du Point</a></li> </ul> </div> <div> <strong class="col-title">Liens utiles</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/contact/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Nous contacter</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/journalistes-du-point/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Nos journalistes</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/archives/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Archives</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/faq/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/plan-du-site/" data-gtm="click:f-int-link">Plan du site</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="suivez-nous"> <strong class="col-title">Suivez-nous</strong> <ul class="socials"> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/lepoint.fr" data-gtm="click:f-ext-link"><span class="picto-facebook"></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/LePoint" data-gtm="click:f-ext-link"><span class="picto-twitter"></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.linkedin.com/company/le-point" data-gtm="click:f-ext-link"><span class="picto-linkedin"></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/lepointfr/" data-gtm="click:f-ext-link"><span class="picto-instagram"></span></a></li> </ul> </div></nav>    <nav id="footer-legals"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/portail-de-la-transparence/">Portail de la transparence</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/mentions_legales/">Mentions légales</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/cgu/">CGU</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/cgv/">CGV</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/cgc/">Conditions générales d'un compte client</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/charte-de-moderation/">Charte de modération</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/politique-de-protection-donnees-personnelles/">Politique de protection des données à caractère personnel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.lepoint.fr/html/politique-cookies/#opencmp">Gérer mes cookies</a></li> </ul> </nav>    <div id="footer-1" class="mboxDefault pbs"></div>  </div> </footer>    <script> var hubvisorReady = false; var sirDataReady = false; if(0 == window.lp.detectAths){ function refreshDfp() { if (hubvisorReady && sirDataReady) { googletag.cmd.push(function(){ googletag.pubads().refresh(); }); } } (function () { //Options var sirdataToken = "QKgcqvbgVTJ5mGsxlRCiT6ZXayvz6w"; //Paste your dedicated Token here //end. Please do not edit below except if instructed so // url to be process, if you have access to the canicocal url define it here var urlToCategorize = window.top !== window.self && document.referer ? document.referer : document.location.href; // to be compatible with AMP, t be removed if you can identify url to process if (typeof AMP_CONTEXT_DATA != "undefined" && AMP_CONTEXT_DATA.canonicalUrl) { urlToCategorize = AMP_CONTEXT_DATA.canonicalUrl; } //end. Do not edit below except to add modules loaders var sdAdservingTag = document.createElement('script'); sdAdservingTag.type = 'text/javascript'; sdAdservingTag.defer = true; sdAdservingTag.async = true; sdAdservingTag.src = 'https://contextual.sirdata.io/api/v1/public/script?token='+ sirdataToken + "&url="+encodeURIComponent(urlToCategorize); document.head.appendChild(sdAdservingTag); window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; sdAdservingTimeOut = setTimeout(function(){ sirDataReady=true; refreshDfp(); }, 2000); sdAdservingTag.onload = function(){ var categorizedPage = sirdata.Contextual.GetCategorizeFromCache(urlToCategorize); sirdata.Contextual.minRelevancy = 0.4; if (typeof categorizedPage != "undefined" && categorizedPage != null) { try { categoryIds = categorizedPage.getCategoryIds(); if (typeof categoryIds != "undefined" && categoryIds.length > 0) { googletag.cmd.push(function() {googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sirdata_contextual", categoryIds)}); } } catch(e) {console.log('could not load GPT from sirdata '+e);} } sirDataReady=true; refreshDfp(); clearTimeout(sdAdservingTimeOut); }; })(); } </script>    <script> if(0 == window.lp.detectAths){ var pubId = '01D31WCYTKYX1SK1MJF9Y3VWZ7'; !function(h,u,b,v,i,s,o,r){function n(r){var c=console.error;function o(n){try{n(r)}catch(n){c(n)}}c(r);var n=u[h].cmd;u[h]=function(n,r,c){o(c)},u[h].cmd=n;for(var i=0;i<u[h].cmd.length;++i)o(u[h].cmd[i]);u[h].cmd={push:o}}u[h]=u[h]||function(){var n=arguments;u[h].cmd.push(function(){u[h].apply(null,n)})},u[h].cmd=u[h].cmd||[];var r=setTimeout(n.bind(null,new Error("Hubvisor loading timeout !")),s||3e3);function c(){r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=0)}var o=b.createElement(v);o.defer=true,o.async=true,o.src="https://cdn.hubvisor.io/wrapper/"+i+"/hubvisor.js",b.head.appendChild(o),o.addEventListener("error",function(){c(),n(new Error("Hubvisor loading failed !"))}),u[h].cmd.push(function(){c()});}('Hubvisor',window,document,'script',pubId) var s = document.createElement('script');s.defer=true;s.async=true;s.src='https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js';document.head.appendChild(s); } </script>    <script> window.addEventListener("lpConsentValidated", function (e) { if(0 == window.lp.detectAths){ var beOpExists = document.getElementsByClassName('BeOpWidget'); var nb_paragraphes = 13 ; if (beOpExists.length > 0 && nb_paragraphes > 8 && document.ueia == 0 ){ window.beOpAsyncInit = function(){ BeOpSDK.init({ account: "59709ba5c9e77c00014b5336" }); BeOpSDK.watch(); }; var s = document.createElement('script');s.defer=true;s.async=true;s.src='https://widget.beop.io/sdk.js';document.head.appendChild(s); } } }, usePassiveEvent()); </script>    <script> async function gcpHub(){ googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); var slots = document.querySelectorAll('div.slotpub'); slots.forEach(function(i, n){ googletag.cmd.push(function(){ googletag.display(i.id); }); }); Hubvisor('ready', null, function(){ hubvisorReady = true; refreshDfp(); }); } window.addEventListener("lpConsentValidated", function (e) { if(0 == window.lp.detectAths){ gcpHub(); } }, usePassiveEvent()); </script>    <script> if (0 == window.lp.detectAths) { // Change the value of this URL to point to your own URL, where the iFrame is hosted window.kameleoonIframeURL = "https://www.lepoint.fr/public/iframes/iframe_kameleoon.html"; window.kameleoonLightIframe = false; var kameleoonIframeOriginElement = document.createElement("a"); kameleoonIframeOriginElement.href = kameleoonIframeURL; window.kameleoonIframeOrigin = kameleoonIframeOriginElement.origin || (kameleoonIframeOriginElement.protocol + "//" + kameleoonIframeOriginElement.hostname); if (location.href.indexOf(window.kameleoonIframeOrigin) != 0) { window.kameleoonLightIframe = true; var kameleoonProcessMessageEvent = function(event) { if (window.kameleoonIframeOrigin == event.origin && event.data.slice && event.data.slice(0, 9) == "Kameleoon") { window.removeEventListener("message", kameleoonProcessMessageEvent); window.kameleoonExternalIFrameLoaded = true; if (window.Kameleoon) { eval(event.data); Kameleoon.Analyst.load(); } else { window.kameleoonExternalIFrameLoadedData = event.data; } } }; if (window.addEventListener) { window.addEventListener("message", kameleoonProcessMessageEvent, usePassiveEvent()); } var iframeNode = document.createElement("iframe"); iframeNode.src = kameleoonIframeURL; iframeNode.id = "kameleoonExternalIframe"; iframeNode.style = "float: left !important; opacity: 0.0 !important; width: 0px !important; height: 0px !important;"; document.head.appendChild(iframeNode); } window.kameleoonQueue = window.kameleoonQueue || []; //enable kameleoon on user scoll var kamActivated = false; function eventScrollWebMobileEnableKam() { if (window.scrollY != 0) { window.removeEventListener("scroll", eventScrollWebMobileEnableKam); if (!kamActivated) { kamActivated = true; var s = document.createElement('script'); s.defer = true; s.src = "https://sz9j7scrom.kameleoon.eu/kameleoon.js"; document.head.appendChild(s); //alert("test kam Mobile") } } } if (1) { var s = document.createElement('script'); s.defer = true; s.src = "https://sz9j7scrom.kameleoon.eu/kameleoon.js"; document.head.appendChild(s); } else { //document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].addEventListener("scroll", eventScrollWebDesktopEnableKam); window.addEventListener("scroll", eventScrollWebMobileEnableKam); //document.addEventListener("touchmove", eventScrollWebMobile2EnableKam); //document.body.addEventListener("touchmove", eventScrollWebMobile3EnableKam); } } </script>     <script> var taboola_pagetype = JSON.parse('{"article":"auto","article_payant":false}'); </script>  <script> var tag_payant = "gratuit"; if(document.pgw.browser.name != '') var tag_nav = document.pgw.browser.name+' '+document.pgw.browser.majorVersion; else var tag_nav = "Inconnu"; var dmp_tag = window.location.hash.replace('#',''); var dmp_tag = dmp_tag.split("&"); var tag_xtor = ''; var tag_xtatc = ''; for(x in dmp_tag){ ancre=dmp_tag[x] ; if(ancre != '' && ancre.indexOf("xtor") == 0){ var tag_xtor = ancre.replace('xtor=',''); } if(ancre != '' && ancre.indexOf("xtatc") == 0){ var tag_xtatc = ancre.replace('xtatc=',''); } } if(document.ueia == 1) var tag_abonne="oui"; else var tag_abonne="non"; </script>  <script> var tc_vars = {}; var _datalayer = {}; var dataLayer = (typeof dataLayer != "undefined" && dataLayer.length > 0 ) ? dataLayer : []; var lpConsentGtmCalled = false; var consentValidated = false; window.addEventListener("lpConsentValidated", function (e) { consentValidated = true; loadingExternalScripts(); const script = document.createElement('script'); script.defer = true; script.src = 'https://launchpad-wrapper.privacymanager.io/284eb8ec-ca6a-40c4-a662-e9df6aa102e0/launchpad-liveramp.js'; document.body.append(script); loadingCharbeat(); // Marfeel !function(){"use strict";function e(e){var t=!(arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1])||arguments[1],c=document.createElement("script");c.src=e,t?c.type="module":(c.async=!0,c.type="text/javascript",c.setAttribute("nomodule",""));var n=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];n.parentNode.insertBefore(c,n)}!function(t,c){!function(t,c,n){var a,o,r;n.accountId=c,null!==(a=t.marfeel)&&void 0!==a||(t.marfeel={}),null!==(o=(r=t.marfeel).cmd)&&void 0!==o||(r.cmd=[]),t.marfeel.config=n;var i="https://sdk.mrf.io/statics";e("".concat(i,"/marfeel-sdk.js?id=").concat(c),!0),e("".concat(i,"/marfeel-sdk.es5.js?id=").concat(c),!1)}(t,c,arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{})}(window,7899,{} /* Config */)}(); }); /* window.addEventListener("lpConsentCharbeat", function (e) { loadingCharbeat(); }); */ if(document.ueia == 1) var tc_abonne="yes"; else var tc_abonne="no"; if(document.ueii != '') { var tc_logged = "yes"; var tc_userid=document.ueii; } else{ var tc_logged="no"; var tc_userid=""; } //<![CDATA[ tc_vars = { env_template : "article", //Page template name env_work : "prod", //Working environnement env_site : "www.lepoint.fr", //site origine env_device : "desktop", //Channel env_language : "fr", //Website language env_country : "FR", //Country user_id : tc_userid, //Visitor ID user_logged : tc_logged, //User logged or not user_abonne : tc_abonne, page_cat1 : "actualite", //Main Category page_cat2 : "international", //Category page_cat3 : "afrique", //Sub Category page_cat : "afrique", page_name : 'l_afrique_progresse_vers_la_conquete_de_l_espace', //Page name content_type : "article", //Article type article_title : "L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace", //Article title article_autor : "Thierry-Vigoureux", //Article autor article_publication : "28/10/2024", //Article date publication article_last_update : "28/10/2024", //Article date last update article_keywords : "France,Afrique, France,Afrique", //Article Keywords article_source : "Le Point.fr", //Article source article_status : tag_payant, article_id : "2573855", article_signature : "Par Thierry Vigoureux", article_auteurs : "Thierry Vigoureux", } //]]> window.lpConsentGtm = function(){ if (!lpConsentGtmCalled){ lpConsentGtmCalled = true; //dataLayer = [tc_vars]; } } function loadingCharbeat() { var charbeatUser= 'anon'; if( typeof document.ueii !== 'undefined' && document.ueii !='' && document.ueii>0){ charbeatUser='lgdin'; } if( typeof document.ueia !== 'undefined' && document.ueia !='' && document.ueia>0){ charbeatUser='paid'; } (function() { var _sf_async_config = window._sf_async_config = (window._sf_async_config || {}); _sf_async_config.uid = 65800; _sf_async_config.domain = 'lepoint.fr'; _sf_async_config.flickerControl = false; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.useCanonicalDomain = true; _sf_async_config.sections = "Afrique"; _sf_async_config.authors = "Thierry Vigoureux"; _sf_async_config.type = "article"; _sf_async_config.scrollElement = true; var _cbq = window._cbq = (window._cbq || []); _cbq.push(['_acct', charbeatUser]); function loadChartbeat() { //$.getScript("//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js", function(){ }); var chartbeatScript = document.createElement('SCRIPT'); chartbeatScript.async = true; chartbeatScript.src = "//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js"; document.body.appendChild(chartbeatScript); } loadChartbeat(); }) (); } function loadingExternalScripts(){ var boc_dmp=""; if(document.ueii!=""){ boc_dmp = document.ueii; }else{ var params = location.search.replace('?','').split('&'); for( i = 0; i < params.length; i++ ) { var split = params[i].split('='); var reg = new RegExp("^[0-9]+$"); if(split[0] == 'boc' && split[1].match( reg )) { boc_dmp= split[1]; } } } if(document.ueia == 1){ var dmp_abonne="oui"; }else{ var dmp_abonne="non"; } if(document.ueii != '') { var dmp_logged = "oui"; } else{ var dmp_logged="non"; } if(typeof(longueur) === "undefined"){ var longueur=""; } var dmp_abc="non"; var dmp_ab="non"; if(typeof(document.abc) !== "undefined"){ if( document.abc == 1){ dmp_abc="oui"; } } if(typeof(document.ab) !== "undefined" && document.ab == 1){ if( document.ab == 1){ dmp_ab="oui"; } } if(typeof(sousthema) === "undefined") var sousthema=""; if(typeof(rubsmulti) === "undefined") var rubsmulti=""; if(typeof(dossier) === "undefined") var dossier=""; if(typeof(boc_dmp) === "undefined") var boc_dmp=""; _datalayer = { refonte:"oui", idboc:boc_dmp, utilisateur_abonne:dmp_abonne, utilisateur_logue:dmp_logged, site:"www.lepoint.fr", appareil:"desktop", page_template:"article", environnement:"prod", page_arborescence:"lp:w:actu:monde:afrique", article_id:"2573855", article_titre:"L’Afrique progresse vers la conquête de l’espace", article_statut:tag_payant,article_motscles:"France,Afrique, France,Afrique", article_date_publication:"28/10/2024", contenu_type:"article", contenu_brandcontent:sousthema, page_nom:"Actualite::2573855_thierry_vigoureux::l_afrique_progresse_vers_la_conquete_de_l_espace", article_source:"lepoint-fr", article_auteur:"thierry-vigoureux", article_auteurs:'["Thierry Vigoureux", "Thierry Vigoureux"]', utilisateur_id:document.ueii, adblock_detecte:dmp_abc, adblock_actif:dmp_ab, article_multirubriques:rubsmulti, paragraphe_compteur:6, article_dossier:dossier, article_longueur:longueur, navigateur:tag_nav, article_payant_force:"non", xtor:tag_xtor, autopromoid:tag_xtatc, page_referer:document.referrer.split('/')[2], support:"web", target : "", visite: (function () { return window.localStorage.getItem('visitData') === null ? '' : window.localStorage.getItem('visitData'); })() }; var s=document.createElement('script'); s.async=true; s.src="//static.lpnt.fr/static/js/static-1538381887/facebook.js"; document.head.appendChild(s); } </script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var timeoutID=0; function LoadPage(){ window.document.location.reload(); } function Timer(){ timeoutID = window.setTimeout("LoadPage()",360000); } Timer(); </script> <script type="text/javascript">if(document.ueia == 1){clearTimeout(timeoutID);}</script><script> var variable_article_poool={"ct":"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","iv":"614dbd059011af147a28dcca6e59cf06","s":"726aa4675cf649f5"}; </script> <script> var variable_article_truncate={"ct":"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","iv":"13698a711c885b8e881a49fd398a6dc2","s":"95eb5f24e72cab9b"}; </script>    <script> document.cookie = "lpReferrer=" + encodeURIComponent(window.location.href) + "; domain=.lepoint.fr;path=/" ; </script>    <script> var startSourcepoint=true; var ancreCmpPur = window.location.hash; tagAncreCmp = ancreCmpPur.replace('xtatc=',''); tagAncreCmp = tagAncreCmp.replace('#',''); if("PUB-[CMP-Pur_model]-[pur_banner_mobile]-[je_me_connecte]" === tagAncreCmp || "PUB-[CMP-Pur_model]-[pur_banner_desktop]-[je_me_connecte]" === tagAncreCmp ){ window.setCookieAboSession("purmodel", 1, "lepoint.fr"); } else { window.removeCookieAboSession("purmodel", "lepoint.fr"); } var startBox = 1; var localSpCheck = "sp_dismiss"; var propertySpHref="https://lepoint.fr"; window._sp_queue = []; window._sp_ = { config: { accountId: 1212, baseEndpoint: 'https://cmp.lepoint.fr', gdpr: { }, propertyHref:propertySpHref, events: { onMessageChoiceSelect: function (gdpr, choice_id, choice_type_id) { if (choice_type_id == 9){ window.setCookie("cw", "dismissed", 1); window._sp_.config.targetingParams.cookiew = "dismissed"; __tcfapi('getCustomVendorConsents', 2, sourcepointCustomVendorConsents); } // pure model id=13 var _sp_local_state = localStorage.getItem('_sp_local_state'); var _sp_local_state_object = JSON.parse(_sp_local_state); var messageId = _sp_local_state_object.gdpr.messageId; // tag.setProp('n:cmp_message_id', messageId, false); if (choice_type_id == 13 || choice_type_id == 15){ window.setCookieAbo("cw", "dismissed", 1,"lepoint.fr"); window._sp_.config.targetingParams.cookiew="dismissed"; window.location.href="https://abo.lepoint.fr/#xtatc=INT-4386"; return xt_click(this,'C','214','cmp::'+messageId+'::13','A'); } if (choice_type_id == 11){ window.location.href="#11"; return xt_click(this,'C','214','cmp::'+messageId+'::11','A'); } }, onPrivacyManagerAction: function (gdpr,pmData) { if(pmData.purposeConsent == "none" && pmData.vendorConsent == "none") { window.setCookie("cw", "dismissed", 1); window._sp_.config.targetingParams.cookiew = "dismissed"; } else { window.setCookie("cw", "", 1); window._sp_.config.targetingParams.cookiew = ""; } }, onPMCancel: function () { __tcfapi('getCustomVendorConsents', 2, sourcepointCustomVendorConsents); }}, targetingParams: { abonne: document.ueia, cookiew: window.getCookie("cw"), politiquecookie: 0} } } if(('moncompte.lepoint.fr' === location.host || 'moncompte-preprod.lepoint.fr' === location.host) && '1' === window.getCookie("purmodel")) { startSourcepoint = false; window._sp_.config.targetingParams.purmodel = 1; } if (window.location.href.indexOf("golf-jean-van-de-velde-la-ryder-cup-c-est-electrique-21-09-2018") > -1) { window._sp_.config.targetingParams.test = 1; } if(0 === window.lp.detectAths) { var s=document.createElement('script');s.src="https://cmp.lepoint.fr/unified/wrapperMessagingWithoutDetection.js";s.defer=true;s.async = true;document.head.appendChild(s); } function setCookieAbo(e,t,a,o){ a=a?new Date((new Date).getTime()+24*a*60*60*1e3):new Date((new Date).getTime()+3e5); document.cookie=e+"="+encodeURIComponent(t)+";expires="+a.toGMTString()+";path=/;domain="+o; } function setCookieAboSession(e,t,o){ document.cookie=e+"="+encodeURIComponent(t)+";path=/;domain="+o; } function removeCookieAboSession(e,o){ if(window.getCookie(e)) { document.cookie = e+"=;path=/;domain="+o+";expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT"; } } </script>                <div id="g_id_onload" data-client_id="629251271814-hbnj6o76ofknqot961urbdqeoaujvvkh.apps.googleusercontent.com" data-context="signin" data-state_cookie_domain="lepoint.fr" data-skip_prompt_cookie="ueio" data-login_uri="https://moncompte.lepoint.fr/connexion/google-tap"> </div> <script> if(0 == window.lp.detectAths) { window.addEventListener("lpConsentValidated", function (e) { //setTimeout(function(){ if(null === document.getElementById("gsi-client-js")){ var s=document.createElement('script');s.defer=true;s.async=true;s.id="gsi-client-js";s.src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"; document.head.appendChild(s); } //}, 2000); }); } </script>    <script> var atId='5ebccbdd1c88a339cd3227ea'; var cbId='5ea172e36ede87504f7b4590'; var csId='5ed79ad0af6fbe05caad4cbc'; var batchId='5ec4619b02c9f05f0618f076'; var audUser='6064746005841c2606522821'; var audAnon='6064746005841c260652281b'; var perCont='5ed7689714038a04c9ea1d71'; function sourcepointEventDispatch(nameEvt){ var e = new Event(nameEvt); window.dispatchEvent(e); } function sourcepointCustomVendorConsents(vendorConsents, success){ if (success) { var atConsent = vendorConsents.grants[atId]; var cbConsent = vendorConsents.grants[cbId]; var csConsent = vendorConsents.grants[csId]; var batchConsent = vendorConsents.grants[batchId]; if (atConsent){ if(atConsent.purposeGrants[audUser] === true) { sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentAtOn"); } else if(atConsent.purposeGrants[audAnon] === true) { sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentAtAnonym"); } else { sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentOptout"); } } if (csConsent){ if(csConsent.purposeGrants[audUser] === true) { sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentContentSquare"); } } if (batchConsent){ if(batchConsent.purposeGrants[perCont] === true) { batchAnonym = false; } sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentBatch"); } } else { sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentExempt"); } } function sourcepointValidate(tcData, success) { if(success && 'cmpuishown' === tcData.eventStatus){ sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentUIShown"); } else if(success && ('tcloaded' === tcData.eventStatus || 'useractioncomplete' === tcData.eventStatus )){ sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentValidated"); __tcfapi('getCustomVendorConsents', 2, sourcepointCustomVendorConsents); } } if(0 === window.lp.detectAths && "moncompte.lepoint.fr" !== window.location.hostname){ sourcepointEventDispatch("lpConsentCharbeat"); } if(0 == window.lp.detectAths && startSourcepoint) { __tcfapi('addEventListener', 2, sourcepointValidate); } if('1' == window.getCookie("purmodel")){ sourcepointEventDispatch('lpConsentAtExempt'); } </script>    <script> ((U,E)=>{U[E]={};var g='google',q=(u,e)=>{setTimeout(u,e)}, p=(u,e)=>{var d=document,a=d.createElement('script'),b=(a)=>U[E].a=a;a.defer=true;a.async=true;a.src="https://"+u; if(e){a.onerror=()=>b(1);a.onload=()=>b(!1)};d.body.appendChild(a);q(()=>a.remove(),3e3)}, r=()=>{var a=U[E].a,b='storage.'+g+'apis.com/',z;if(a==z)return q(r,100);if(a)return p(b+'lptdb/adv.js'); if(Math.random()>0.1) return;p(b+'dbabp/noa'+E+"?I="+U.innerWidth+"&network=lepoint&sa=10")}; p(((a,b)=>a+2+'.'+g+'syndication.com/'+a+'/js/adsby'+g+'.js?client=ca-pub-9945624415527048')('pagead'),1); r()})(window,"dblock"); </script>    <script> if(0 == window.lp.detectAths && typeof taboola_pagetype !== 'undefined') { var tabActivated = false; window.addEventListener("lpConsentValidated", function (e) { if(document.body.dataset.device !== '3'){ var s=document.createElement('script'); s.defer=true;s.async=true; s.src="//static.lpnt.fr/static/js/static-1712227006/taboola2023.js"; document.head.appendChild(s); } }, usePassiveEvent()); function eventScrollWebMobileEnableTab() { if (window.scrollY != 0 && document.body.classList.contains("mobile") &&consentValidated){ window.removeEventListener("scroll",eventScrollWebMobileEnableTab); if (!tabActivated){ tabActivated = true; var s=document.createElement('script');s.defer=true;s.async=true;s.src="//static.lpnt.fr/static/js/static-1712227006/taboola2023.js";document.head.appendChild(s); } } } window.addEventListener("scroll", eventScrollWebMobileEnableTab, usePassiveEvent()); } </script> <script> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({flush: true}); </script>       <script type="text/javascript"> window._nli=window._nli||[],window._nli.push(["brand","BNLI-1478"]),function(){var n,e,i=window._nli||(window._nli=[]);i.loaded||((n=document.createElement("script")).defer=!0,n.src="https://l.lepoint.fr/sdk.js",(e=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]).parentNode.insertBefore(n,e),i.loaded=!0)}(); </script>       <script type='application/ld+json'>{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr"},"name":"Actualit\u00e9"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/\/monde\/"},"name":"International"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/\/afrique\/"},"name":"Afrique"}]}</script> <script type='application/ld+json'>{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","id":"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/afrique\/l-afrique-progresse-vers-la-conquete-de-l-espace-28-10-2024-2573855_3826.php"},"headline":"L\u2019Afrique progresse vers la conqu\u00eate de l\u2019espace","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Le Point","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/static.lpnt.fr\/static\/img\/logo\/logo-lepoint_112x112.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/static.lpnt.fr\/\/images\/2024\/10\/28\/26963353lpw-26964972-article-jpg_10605605.jpg","description":"En 2012 d\u00e9j\u00e0, l'Afrique du Sud a d\u00e9voil\u00e9\u00a0le puissant radiot\u00e9lescope MeerKAT, qui a fait partie d'un projet international sur la Voie lact\u00e9e et d'autres galaxies.\n","height":960,"width":1440},"copyrightHolder":{"@type":"Thing"},"datePublished":"2024-10-28T12:00:00+01:00","dateModified":"2024-10-28T12:00:00+01:00","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thierry Vigoureux","url":"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/journalistes-du-point\/thierry-vigoureux"}],"description":"Medef International invite cette semaine les pays africains \u00e0 participer au s\u00e9minaire spatial africain\u00a0et au lancement de la task force NewSpace."}</script>     </body>    </html>