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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://oll.libertyfund.org:80/Intros/Mandeville.php","20060616170353","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1150477433"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />   <title>Mandeville Bio: The Online Library of Liberty</title>  <meta name="Publisher" content="Liberty Fund, Inc. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA."/> <meta name="Collection" content="The Online Library of Liberty"/> <meta name="Rights" content="The texts which appear on the Online Library of Liberty are either texts to which Liberty Fund has the electronic rights or are texts which were published before 1923 and thus are no longer under copyright."/> <meta name="Description" content="The Online Library of Liberty is provided in order to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals by making freely available on the internet the classic texts in the classical liberal and free market traditions."/> <meta name="Subject" content="individual liberty"/> <meta name="Subject" content="free market"/> <meta name="Subject" content="limited government"/> <meta name="Subject" content="individual responsibility"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/> <link href="/web/20060616170353cs_/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Styles/AdminPageStyle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>  <meta name="AuthorID" content="0162"/> <meta name="AuthorName" content="Mandeville"/> <meta name="FirstName" content="Bernard"/> <meta name="BirthDate" content="1670"/> <meta name="DeathDate" content="1733"/> <meta name="Nationality" content="Dutch"/> <meta name="Discipline" content="Economics"/> <meta name="Discipline" content="Political Theory"/> <meta name="Discipline" content="Literature"/> <meta name="HistoricalPeriod" content="18thC"/> <meta name="AuthorGroup" content="LF Book"/>   <style type="text/css">  </style>  <script language="JavaScript" src="/web/20060616170353js_/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Java/overlib.js"></script> <script language="JavaScript"> var ol_fgcolor = "#FEFFC6"; </script> </head> <body> <div id="overDiv" style="position:absolute; visibility:hidden; z-index:1000;"></div>  <table width="100%" border="0" bgcolor="#d2d6f2" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" height="38"> <tr bgcolor="#40478c"> <td width="25%" height="50" align="center" background="/web/20060616170353im_/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Images/Backgrounds/Marble.jpg" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <div align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/index.html" target="_blank"><img src="/web/20060616170353im_/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Images/Amagi/cuniform.gif" width="144" height="40" border="0" align="middle"/></a></div></td> <td width="50%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" background="/web/20060616170353im_/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Images/Backgrounds/Marble.jpg" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><b><font color="navy" size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">THE ONLINE LIBRARY OF LIBERTY<br/> © 2004 Liberty Fund, Inc.</font></b></td> <td height="50" colspan="2" background="/web/20060616170353im_/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Images/Backgrounds/Marble.jpg" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <div align="center"> <b><font color="navy" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></font></b></div></td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td height="25"><div align="center"> <span class="AuthorTitle">Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733)</span></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div align="center"><font color="navy" size="1"><strong>Updated:  October 9, 2004 </strong> </font></div></td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td height="25" align="center"> <div align="center"> <strong><font size="1"><a href="#etexts">ELECTRONIC TEXTS</a> | <a href="#aboutauthor">ABOUT THE AUTHOR</a> </font></strong> </div></td> </tr> </table> <h3><a name="etexts" id="etexts"></a>Electronic Texts</h3> <table width="95%" border="1" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#FFFFFF"> <tr> <td width="40%" height="13"><p><strong>Book Title (ToC)</strong></p> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><strong>Date</strong></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><strong>HTML</strong></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><strong>Econlib HTML</strong></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><strong>Facs. PDF</strong></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><strong>E-Book (PDF)</strong></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><strong>Online Catalog</strong></td> </tr> <tr valign="top" bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="40%" align="left"><p><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/ToC/0014.php" target="mainFrame" onmouseover="return overlib('Mandeville is a witty satirist who used a poem to make the profound economic point that "private vices" (or self-interest) lead to "publick benefits" (such as orderly social structures like law, language, and markets). ', OFFSETX, 100, OFFSETY, -50, WIDTH, 500, DELAY, 1000)" onmouseout="nd();"><em>The Fable of the Bees, 2 vols.</em></a> </p> </td> <td width="10%" align="center">1732</td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="mainFrame"></a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="_blank"></a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="mainFrame"></a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="mainFrame"></a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060616170353/http://www.libertyfund.org/details.asp?displayID=1635" target="_blank">in stock</a></td> </tr> <tr valign="top" bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="40%" align="left"><p><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/ToC/0014-01.php" target="mainFrame" onmouseover="return overlib('Mandeville is a witty satirist who used a poem to make the profound economic point that "private vices" (or self-interest) lead to "publick benefits" (such as orderly social structures like law, language, and markets). ', OFFSETX, 100, OFFSETY, -50, WIDTH, 500, DELAY, 1000)" onmouseout="nd();"><em>The Fable of the Bees, Vol. 1</em></a> </p> </td> <td width="10%" align="center">1732</td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/0014-01_Bk.html" target="mainFrame">1.2 MB</a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="_blank"></a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/0014-01_Bk.pdf" target="mainFrame">27.8 MB</a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/EBooks/Mandeville_0014.01.pdf" target="mainFrame">3.8 MB</a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060616170353/http://www.libertyfund.org/details.asp?displayID=1635" target="_blank">in stock</a></td> </tr> <tr valign="top" bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="40%" align="left"><p><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/ToC/0014-02.php" target="mainFrame" onmouseover="return overlib('Mandeville is a witty satirist who used a poem to make the profound economic point that "private vices" (or self-interest) lead to "publick benefits" (such as orderly social structures like law, language, and markets). ', OFFSETX, 100, OFFSETY, -50, WIDTH, 500, DELAY, 1000)" onmouseout="nd();"><em>The Fable of the Bees, Vol. 2</em></a> </p> </td> <td width="10%" align="center">1732</td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/0014-02_Bk.html" target="mainFrame">820 KB</a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="_blank"></a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/0014-02_Bk.pdf" target="mainFrame">23.8 MB</a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/EBooks/Mandeville_0014.02.pdf" target="mainFrame">2.1 MB</a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060616170353/http://www.libertyfund.org/details.asp?displayID=1635" target="_blank">in stock</a></td> </tr> <tr valign="top" bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="40%" align="left"><p><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/ToC/0014-01.php" target="mainFrame" onmouseover="return overlib('Mandeville is a witty satirist who used this 1705 poem, The Grmbling Hive, to make the profound economic point that "private vices" (or self-interest) lead to "publick benefits" (such as orderly social structures like law, language, and markets). He later expanded the thoughts developed in the poem in a series of prose commentaries written over the next 20 years or so.', OFFSETX, 100, OFFSETY, -50, WIDTH, 500, DELAY, 1000)" onmouseout="nd();"><em>The Grumbling Hive</em></a> </p> </td> <td width="10%" align="center">1705</td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/HTMLs/0014-01_Pt02_Poem.html" target="mainFrame">72 KB</a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="" target="_blank"></a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/PDFs/0014-01_Pt04_Poem.pdf" target="mainFrame">528 KB</a> </td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/EBooks/Mandeville_1031.pdf" target="mainFrame">240 KB</a></td> <td width="10%" align="center"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060616170353/http://www.libertyfund.org/details.asp?displayID=1635" target="_blank">in stock</a></td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <table width="95%" border="0" align="center"> <tr> <td width="30%"><strong>Essay Title</strong></td> <td width="40%"><strong>Source (ToC) </strong></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><strong>HTML</strong></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><strong>PDF</strong></td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="30%" valign="top"><span class="style3">A Search into the Nature of Society</span> <span class="style1"></span> <p> </p></td> <td width="40%" valign="top"><span class="style1"><em><a href="" target="mainFrame">The Fable of the Bees or Private Vices, Publick Benefits, 2 vols. With a Commentary Critical, Historical, and Explanatory by F.B. Kaye (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1988).</a></em></span><p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/HTMLs/0014-01_Pt06_Society.html" target="mainFrame" class="style1">112 KB</a> <p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><span class="style1"><a href="" target="mainFrame" class="style1"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="30%" valign="top"><span class="style3">An Essay on Charity, and Charity-Schools</span> <span class="style1"></span> <p> </p></td> <td width="40%" valign="top"><span class="style1"><em><a href="" target="mainFrame">The Fable of the Bees or Private Vices, Publick Benefits, 2 vols. With a Commentary Critical, Historical, and Explanatory by F.B. Kaye (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1988).</a></em></span><p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/HTMLs/0014-01_Pt05_Charity.html" target="mainFrame" class="style1">164 KB</a> <p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><span class="style1"><a href="" target="mainFrame" class="style1"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="30%" valign="top"><span class="style3">An Inquiry into the Origin of Moral Virtue</span> <span class="style1"></span> <p> </p></td> <td width="40%" valign="top"><span class="style1"><em><a href="" target="mainFrame">The Fable of the Bees or Private Vices, Publick Benefits, 2 vols. With a Commentary Critical, Historical, and Explanatory by F.B. Kaye (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1988).</a></em></span><p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/HTMLs/0014-01_Pt03_MoralVirtue.html" target="mainFrame" class="style1">56 KB</a> <p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><span class="style1"><a href="" target="mainFrame" class="style1"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="30%" valign="top"><span class="style3">The Fable of the Bees</span> <span class="style1"></span> <p> </p></td> <td width="40%" valign="top"><span class="style1"><em><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/ToC/0437.php" target="mainFrame">Commerce, Culture, and Liberty: Readings on Capitalism before Adam Smith, ed. Henry C. Clarke (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2003).</a></em></span><p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Clark0428/Commerce/0437_Pt08_11.PDF" target="mainFrame" class="style1"></a> <p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><span class="style1"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Clark0428/Commerce/0437_Pt08_11.PDF" target="mainFrame" class="style1">84 KB</a></span></td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#E6E6E6"> <td width="30%" valign="top"><span class="style3">The Grumbling Hive, or Knaves Turn’d Honest</span> <span class="style1"></span> <p> </p></td> <td width="40%" valign="top"><span class="style1"><em><a href="" target="mainFrame">The Fable of the Bees or Private Vices, Publick Benefits, 2 vols. With a Commentary Critical, Historical, and Explanatory by F.B. Kaye (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1988).</a></em></span><p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/HTMLs/0014-01_Pt02_Poem.html" target="mainFrame" class="style1">72 KB</a> <p> </p></td> <td width="15%" align="center" valign="top"><span class="style1"><a href="" target="mainFrame" class="style1"></a></span></td> </tr> </table> <h3><a name="aboutauthor" id="aboutauthor"></a>About the Author</h3> <p>Bernard Mandeville was born in Holland in 1670 into a family of physicians and naval officers. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine at Leiden in 1691 and began to practice as a specialist in nerve and stomach disorders, his father’s specialty. Perhaps after a tour of Europe, he ended up in London, where he soon learned the language and decided to stay. He married in 1699, fathered at least two children, and brought out his first English publication in 1703 (a book of fables in the La Fontaine tradition). He wrote works on medicine (<em>A Treatise of the Hypochondriack and Hysterick Passions,</em> 1711), poetry (<em>Wishes to a Godson, with Other Miscellany Poems,</em> 1712), and religious and political affairs (<em>Free Thoughts on Religion, the Church, and National Happiness,</em> 1720). He died in 1733. His most famous work, <em>The Fable of the Bees, or Private Vices, Publick Benefits,</em> came out in more than half a dozen editions beginning in 1714 (the poem <em>The Grumbing Hive</em> upon which it was based appeared in 1705) and became one of the most enduringly controversial works of the eighteenth century for its claims about the moral foundations of modern commercial society.</p>  <p>For more information see F.B. Faye's <a href="/web/20060616170353/http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/LFBooks/Mandeville0162/FableOfBees/HTMLs/0014-01_Pt01_Intro.html" target="mainFrame">Introduction</a> to the Liberty Fund edition of Mandeville's <em>The Fable of the Bees</em>. </p> <p>Bernard Mandeville was born in Holland in 1670 into a family of physicians and naval officers. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine at Leiden in 1691 and began to practice as a specialist in nerve and stomach disorders, his father's specialty. Perhaps after a tour of Europe, he ended up in London, where he soon learned the language and decided to stay. He married in 1699, fathered at least two children, and brought out his first English publication in 1703 (a book of fables in the La Fontaine tradition). He wrote works on medicine (<em>A Treatise of the Hypochondriack and Hysterick Passions,</em> 1711), poetry (<em>Wishes to a Godson, with Other Miscellany Poems,</em> 1712), and religious and political affairs (<em>Free Thoughts on Religion, the Church, and National Happiness,</em> 1720). He died in 1733. His most famous work, <em>The Fable of the Bees, or Private Vices, Publick Benefits,</em> came out in more than half a dozen editions beginning in 1705 and became one of the most enduringly controversial works of the eighteenth century for its claims about the moral foundations of modern commercial society.</p>  </body> </html>