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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与BIOS的联系和区别"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>与BIOS的联系和区别</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-与BIOS的联系和区别-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关与BIOS的联系和区别子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-与BIOS的联系和区别-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-CMOS与BIOS的关系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CMOS与BIOS的关系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>CMOS与BIOS的关系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CMOS与BIOS的关系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-与BIOS的区别" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与BIOS的区别"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>与BIOS的区别</span> </div> 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id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">互補式金屬氧化物半導體</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。44种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سيموس – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيموس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamamlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1_metal-oksid_yar%C4%B1mke%C3%A7irici" title="Tamamlayıcı metal-oksid yarımkeçirici – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tamamlayıcı metal-oksid yarımkeçirici" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%9F" title="КМАП – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="КМАП" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%9F" title="КМАП – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="КМАП" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8" title="সিমস – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিমস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementary_metal-oxide-semiconductor" title="Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_complementario_de_%C3%B3xido_met%C3%A1lico" title="Semiconductor complementario de óxido metálico – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Semiconductor complementario de óxido metálico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیماس – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیماس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementary_metal_oxide_semi-conductor" title="Complementary metal oxide semi-conductor – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Complementary metal oxide semi-conductor" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8_(CMOS)" title="सीमॉस (CMOS) – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सीमॉस (CMOS)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%92_%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸಿ ಎಮ್ ಒ ಎಸ್ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಿ ಎಮ್ ಒ ಎಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%82.%E0%B4%93.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D._(%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC)" title="സി.എം.ഓ.എസ്. (കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ ഹാർഡ് വെയർ) – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സി.എം.ഓ.എസ്. (കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ ഹാർഡ് വെയർ)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_metal-oxid_complementar" title="Semiconductor metal-oxid complementar – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Semiconductor metal-oxid complementar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%9E%D0%9F" title="КМОП – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="КМОП" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementary_Metal_Oxide_Semiconductor" title="Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="துணை உலோக ஆக்சைடு குறைகடத்தி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துணை உலோக ஆக்சைடு குறைகடத்தி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%9E%D0%9D" title="КМОН – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="КМОН" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%84_(%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85)" title="تکمیلی فلزی اکسید نیم موصل (تفانم) – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تکمیلی فلزی اکسید نیم موصل (تفانم)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%A1%A5%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="互补式金属氧化物半导体 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="互补式金属氧化物半导体" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="CMOS" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q173431#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-8ed9371" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=CMOS&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>没有列出任何<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">参考或来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2018年9月28日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>維基百科所有的內容都應該<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">可供查證</a>。请协助補充<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>。无法查证的內容可能會因為異議提出而被移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-8ed9371" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Electronics"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CMOS_Inverter.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/CMOS_Inverter.svg/220px-CMOS_Inverter.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/CMOS_Inverter.svg/330px-CMOS_Inverter.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/CMOS_Inverter.svg/440px-CMOS_Inverter.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>靜態互補式金屬氧化物半導體反相器</figcaption></figure> <p><b>互補式金屬氧化物半導體</b>（英語：<span lang="en"><b>C</b>omplementary <b>M</b>etal-<b>O</b>xide-<b>S</b>emiconductor</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB" title="縮寫">縮寫</a>作 <span lang="en"><b>CMOS</b></span>；簡稱<b>互補式金氧半導體</b>），是一種<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="積體電路">積體電路</a>的設計<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="製程">製程</a>，可以在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="硅质">矽質</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E5%9C%93" title="晶圓">晶圓</a>模板上製出<a href="/wiki/NMOS" class="mw-redirect" title="NMOS">NMOS</a>（n-type MOSFET）和<a href="/wiki/MOSFET" class="mw-redirect" title="MOSFET">PMOS</a>（p-type MOSFET）的基本元件，由於NMOS與PMOS在物理特性上為互補性，因此被稱為CMOS。此一般的製程上，可用來製作電腦電器的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E6%85%8B%E9%9A%A8%E6%A9%9F%E5%AD%98%E5%8F%96%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="靜態隨機存取記憶體">靜態隨機存取記憶體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="微控制器">微控制器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%99%95%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="微處理器">微處理器</a>與其他<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="数字电路">數位邏輯電路系統</a>、以及除此之外，經過一些不同的加工處理後，可以實現比較特別的技術特性，使它可以用於光學儀器上，例如互補式金氧半<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8" title="图像传感器">图像传感裝置</a>在一些高級<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="數位相機">數位相機</a>中變得很常見，反而使得CMOS現在主要是感光元件的代名詞。 </p><p>互補式金屬氧化物半導體具有只有在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="電晶體">電晶體</a>需要切換啟動與關閉時才需消耗能量的優點，因此非常節省電力且發熱量少，且製程上也是最基礎而最常用的半導體元件。早期的<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E8%AE%80%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="唯讀記憶體">唯讀記憶體</a>主要就是以这种電路制作的，由於當時<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="電腦">電腦</a>系統的<a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a>程序和参数信息都保存在ROM和SRAM中，以致在很多情况下，當人们提到「CMOS」時，实际上指的是電腦系統之中的BIOS單元，而一般的「CMOS设置」就是意指在设定BIOS的內容。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cmos2.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cmos2.PNG/250px-Cmos2.PNG" decoding="async" width="250" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cmos2.PNG/375px-Cmos2.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Cmos2.PNG 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>單一CMOS電晶體的剖面結構</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="簡介"><span id=".E7.B0.A1.E4.BB.8B"></span>簡介</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：簡介"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>所謂的「金屬-氧化層-半導體」事實上是反映早期<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%BA%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94%E7%AE%A1" title="场效应管">場效電晶體</a>的閘極（gate electrode）是由一層金屬覆蓋在一層絕緣體材料（如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="二氧化矽">二氧化矽</a>）所形成，工作時透過電場將通道反轉，形成通路，作為簡單的開關。今日的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%A0%B4%E6%95%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體">金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體</a>元件多已採用<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%B6%E7%A1%85" title="多晶硅">多晶矽</a>作為其閘極的材料，但即使如此，「金氧半」（MOS）仍然被用在現在的元件與製程名稱當中。 </p><p>在今日，當CMOS被使用來作數位影像器材的感光元件使用，稱<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%95%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0%E6%84%9F%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="主動像素感測器（页面不存在）">主動像素感測器</a>（Active Pixel Sensor），例如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高解析度數位攝影機（页面不存在）">高解析度數位攝影機</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="數位相機">數位相機</a>，尤其是片幅規格較大的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%96%AE%E7%9C%BC%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="數位單眼相機">数码单反相机</a>更常見到CMOS的應用，另外消費型數位相機及附有照相功能的手機亦開始使用堆疊式主動像素感測器（Stacked CMOS，也有人譯為積層式主動像素感測器或堆棧式主動像素感測器）或背面照射式主動像素感測器(BSI CMOS)，使成像質量得以提升。跟傳統的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="電荷耦合元件">電荷耦合元件</a>(CCD)相比，由於CMOS每粒像素都設有放大器，所以數據傳輸速度很高。雖然在用途上與過去CMOS電路主要作為<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%8C%E9%AB%94" title="韌體">韌體</a>或計算工具的用途非常不同，但基本上它仍然是採取CMOS的製程，只是將純粹邏輯運算的功能轉變成接收外界光線後轉化為電能，再透過晶片上的數位─類比轉換器（ADC）將獲得的影像訊號轉變為數位訊號輸出。 </p><p>CMOSens：微機電（MEMS）的感應元件和CMOS的訊號處理電路整合在單一晶片。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="發展歷史"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95.E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>發展歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：發展歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1963年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E6%8D%B7%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="快捷半導體">快捷半導體</a>的Frank Wanlass發明了互補式金屬氧化物半導體電路。到了1968年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="美國無線電公司">美國無線電公司</a>一個由亞伯·梅德溫（Albert Medwin）領導的研究團隊成功研發出第一個互補式金屬氧化物半導體<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="積體電路">積體電路</a>。早期的CMOS元件雖然功率消耗比常見的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94-%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="電晶體-電晶體邏輯電路">電晶體-電晶體邏輯電路</a>要來得低，但是因為操作速度較慢的緣故，所以大多數應用互補式金屬氧化物半導體的場合都和降低功耗、延長電池使用時間有關，例如電子錶。不過經過長期的研究與改良，今日的互補式金屬氧化物半導體元件無論在使用的面積、操作的速度、耗損的功率，以及製造的成本上都比另外一種主流的半導體製程<a href="/wiki/BJT" class="mw-redirect" title="BJT">BJT</a>（Bipolar Junction Transistor，雙載子電晶體）要有優勢，很多在BJT無法實現或是實作成本太高的設計，利用互補式金屬氧化物半導體皆可順利的完成。只要有任何開發進入到半導體的製程，往往都可以壓低成本。 </p><p>早期分離式互補式金屬氧化物半導體邏輯元件只有「4000系列」一種（RCA 'COS/MOS'製程），到了後來的「7400系列」時，很多邏輯晶片已經可以利用互補式金屬氧化物半導體、NMOS，甚至是<a href="/wiki/BiCMOS" title="BiCMOS">BiCMOS</a>（雙載子互補式金氧半）製程實現。 </p><p>早期的互補式金屬氧化物半導體元件和主要的競爭對手BJT相比，很容易受到<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E9%9B%BB%E6%94%BE%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="靜電放電">靜電放電</a>的破壞。而新一代的互補式金屬氧化物半導體晶片多半在輸出入接腳（I/O pin）和電源及接地端具備ESD保護電路，以避免內部電路元件的閘極或是元件中的<a href="/wiki/PN%E6%8E%A5%E9%9D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="PN接面">PN接面</a>被ESD引起的大量電流燒毀。不過大多數晶片製造商仍然會特別警告使用者盡量使用防靜電的措施來避免超過ESD保護電路能處理的能量破壞半導體元件，例如安裝記憶體模組到個人電腦上時，通常會建議使用者配戴防靜電手環之類的設備。 </p><p>此外，早期的互補式金屬氧化物半導體邏輯元件（如4000系列）的操作範圍可由3<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="伏特">伏特</a>至18伏特的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流電壓</a>，所以互補式金屬氧化物半導體元件的閘極使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a>做為材料。而多年來大多數使用互補式金屬氧化物半導體製造的邏輯晶片也多半在TTL標準規格的5伏特底下操作，直到1990年後，有越來越多低功耗的需求與訊號規格出現，取代了雖然有著較簡單的訊號介面、但是功耗與速度跟不上時代需求的TTL。此外，隨著MOSFET元件的尺寸越做越小，閘極氧化層的厚度越來越薄，所能承受的閘極電壓也越來越低，有些最新的互補式金屬氧化物半導體製程甚至已經出現低於1伏特的操作電壓。這些改變不但讓CMOS晶片更進一步降低功率消耗，也讓元件的性能越來越好。 </p><p>近代的互補式金屬氧化物半導體閘極多半使用多晶矽製作。和金屬閘極比起來，多晶矽的優點在於對溫度的忍受範圍較大，使得製造過程中，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%88%E6%A4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="離子佈植">離子佈植</a>（ion implantation）後的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%80%E7%81%AB" title="退火">退火</a>製程能更加成功。此外，更可以讓在定義閘極區域時使用自我校準（self-align）的方式（不需要額外的光罩可以省下成本），這能讓閘極的面積縮小，進一步降低雜散電容（stray capacitance）。2004年後，又有一些新的研究開始使用金屬閘極，不過大部分的製程還是以多晶矽閘極為主。關於閘極結構的改良，還有很多研究集中在使用不同的閘極氧化層材料來取代<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="二氧化矽">二氧化矽</a>，例如使用高介電係數介電材料（high-K dielectric），目的在於降低閘極漏電流（leakage current）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="与BIOS的联系和区别"><span id=".E4.B8.8EBIOS.E7.9A.84.E8.81.94.E7.B3.BB.E5.92.8C.E5.8C.BA.E5.88.AB"></span>与<a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a>的联系和区别</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：与BIOS的联系和区别"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CMOS与BIOS的关系"><span id="CMOS.E4.B8.8EBIOS.E7.9A.84.E5.85.B3.E7.B3.BB"></span>CMOS与BIOS的关系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：CMOS与BIOS的关系"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a>晶片是计算机上另一个重要的存储器，包含電腦開機時用於初始化<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6" title="计算机硬件">硬體</a>並載入<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="操作系统">操作系统</a>的BIOS程式。之所以提到它，是因为CMOS晶片中保存着BIOS程序的設定值。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="与BIOS的区别"><span id=".E4.B8.8EBIOS.E7.9A.84.E5.8C.BA.E5.88.AB"></span>与BIOS的区别</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：与BIOS的区别"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CMOS晶片与BIOS晶片都是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="電腦記憶體">存储器</a>。二者区别是，CMOS晶片为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%AD%98%E5%8F%96%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="随机存取存储器">随机存储器</a>，而BIOS晶片早期为<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E8%AE%80%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="唯讀記憶體">只读存储器</a>，包含BIOS程式，後來的BIOS晶片採用可擦寫技術，最早的可擦寫BIOS晶片需要用<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%92%E9%8C%84%E5%99%A8" title="燒錄器">燒錄器</a>更新，後來的BIOS使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%8A%B9%E9%99%A4%E5%BC%8F%E5%8F%AF%E8%A4%87%E5%AF%AB%E5%94%AF%E8%AE%80%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="電子抹除式可複寫唯讀記憶體">EEPROM</a>晶片或<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E5%AD%98" title="闪存">Flash</a> ROM晶片且出現了可用軟體（如Award BIOS的AWDFLASH程式）更新BIOS的技術；CMOS晶片中存储的是BIOS設定，而BIOS晶片中存储的是BIOS<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F" title="计算机程序">程序</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="技術細節"><span id=".E6.8A.80.E8.A1.93.E7.B4.B0.E7.AF.80"></span>技術細節</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：技術細節"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>互補式金屬氧化物半導體同時可指互補式金氧半元件及製程。在同樣的功能需求下，互補式金屬氧化物半導體製程所製造的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="積體電路">積體電路</a>享有功耗較低的優勢，這也使得今日的積體電路產品大多是以互補式金屬氧化物半導體製造。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相互競爭的技术"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E4.BA.92.E7.AB.B6.E7.88.AD.E7.9A.84.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF"></span>相互競爭的技术</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：相互競爭的技术"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>近年來，利用互補金氧半導體的製程，已能製造實用的主動像素感測器（Active Pixel Sensor）。CMOS是所有矽晶片製作的主流技術，CMOS感光元件不但造價低廉，也能將訊號處理電路整合在同一部裝置上。後一特性有助於濾除背景雜訊，因為CMOS比CCD更容易受雜訊干擾。這部分的困擾現時已漸漸解決，這要歸功於使用個別像素的低階放大器取代用於整片<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="感光耦合元件">CCD</a>陣列的單一高階放大器。CMOS感光元件跟<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="感光耦合元件">CCD</a>相比，耗電量較低，數據傳輸亦較快。於高解析度數位攝影機與數位相機，尤其是片幅規格較大的數位單眼相機更常見到CMOS的應用，另外消費型數位相機以及附有照相功能的手機亦開始使用背面照射式CMOS，使成像質量得以提升。CMOS於成像的技術日趨成熟下大幅普及，使<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="感光耦合元件">CCD</a>的佔有率從2010年代起不斷下降，全球最大的<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="感光耦合元件">CCD</a>生產商<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC" title="索尼">索尼</a>更宣佈於2017年停止生產CCD，但是高級相片掃描器以及軍方器材仍然為CCD所壟斷。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Baker, R. Jacob. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cmoscircuitdesig0003bake">CMOS: Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, Third Edition</a>. Wiley-IEEE. 2010: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cmoscircuitdesig0003bake/page/1174">1174</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-470-88132-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-470-88132-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-470-88132-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&rft.au=Baker%2C+R.+Jacob&rft.btitle=CMOS%3A+Circuit+Design%2C+Layout%2C+and+Simulation%2C+Third+Edition&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-470-88132-3&rft.pages=1174&rft.pub=Wiley-IEEE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcmoscircuitdesig0003bake&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://CMOSedu.com（">http://CMOSedu.com（</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110708170335/http://cmosedu.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><cite class="citation book">Weste, Neil H. E.; Harris, David M. CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective, Fourth Edition. Boston: Pearson/Addison-Wesley. 2010: 840. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-321-54774-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-321-54774-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-321-54774-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&rft.au=Harris%2C+David+M.&rft.au=Weste%2C+Neil+H.+E.&rft.btitle=CMOS+VLSI+Design%3A+A+Circuits+and+Systems+Perspective%2C+Fourth+Edition&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-321-54774-3&rft.pages=840&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Pearson%2FAddison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://CMOSVLSI.com/（">http://CMOSVLSI.com/（</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110904011145/http://cmosvlsi.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><cite class="citation book">Veendrick, H. J. M. Nanometer CMOS ICs, from Basics to ASICs. Springer. 2017: 770. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-319-47595-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-319-47595-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-3-319-47595-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&rft.aufirst=H.+J.+M.&rft.aulast=Veendrick&rft.btitle=Nanometer+CMOS+ICs%2C+from+Basics+to+ASICs&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-319-47595-0&rft.pages=770&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://springer.com/cn/book/9783319475950?referer=springer.com（">http://springer.com/cn/book/9783319475950?referer=springer.com（</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201025031337/http://springer.com/cn/book/9783319475950?referer=springer.com">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Carver_Mead" class="mw-redirect" title="Carver Mead">Mead, Carver A.</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lynn_Conway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lynn Conway（页面不存在）">Conway, Lynn</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontovl00mead">Introduction to VLSI systems</a><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需要免费注册"><img alt="需要免费注册" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>. Boston: Addison-Wesley. 1980. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-201-04358-0" title="Special:网络书源/0-201-04358-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-201-04358-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&rft.au=Mead%2C+Carver+A.+and+Conway%2C+Lynn&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+VLSI+systems&rft.date=1980&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-04358-0&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontovl00mead&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E9%9C%80%E7%99%BB%E5%85%A5%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有內容需登入查看的頁面">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Savard, John J. G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/cp01.htm">What Computers Are Made From</a>. quadibloc. 2018 [2005] <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-07-16</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702235616/http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/cp01.htm">存档</a>于2018-07-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&rft.atitle=What+Computers+Are+Made+From&rft.aufirst=John+J.+G.&rft.aulast=Savard&rft.date=2018&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=quadibloc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quadibloc.com%2Fcomp%2Fcp01.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:CMOS" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:CMOS"><span style="font-weight:bold;">互補式金屬氧化物半導體</span></a></div></div> </div> <ul><li>CMOS gate description and interactive illustrations</li> <li>LASI is a "general purpose" IC layout CAD tool. It is a free download and can be used as a layout tool for CMOS circuits.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%A3%9C%E5%BC%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%88%BB" title="光刻">光刻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E8%9A%80" title="刻蚀">刻蚀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%BA%E6%9D%82_(%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93)" title="掺杂 (半导体)">掺杂</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%80%E5%B9%B6%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="简并半导体">简并</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%B3%A8%E5%85%A5" title="离子注入">离子注入</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%9F%E5%A4%96%E5%BB%B6" title="分子束外延">分子束外延</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%B0%94%E7%9B%B8%E6%B2%89%E7%A7%AF" title="物理气相沉积">物理气相沉积</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%B0%94%E7%9B%B8%E6%B2%89%E7%A7%AF" title="化学气相沉积">化学气相沉积</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E5%B9%B3%E5%9D%A6%E5%8C%96" title="化学机械平坦化">化学机械平坦化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOI" title="SOI">SOI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%99%A8%E4%BB%B6" title="半导体器件">器件</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pn%E7%BB%93" title="Pn结">PN结</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1" title="晶体管">晶体管</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" title="二極體">二極體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E5%85%89%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E7%AE%A1" title="發光二極管">發光二極管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%9E%81%E6%80%A7%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1" title="双极性晶体管">BJT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%BA%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94%E7%AE%A1" title="场效应管">FET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%A0%B4%E6%95%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體">MOSFET</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CMOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E9%96%98%E7%AE%A1" title="晶閘管">晶閘管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%84%E8%86%9C%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="薄膜電晶體">薄膜晶体管</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E8%83%BD%E7%94%B5%E6%B1%A0" title="太阳能电池">太阳能电池</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="数字电路" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="Template:数字电路"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="Template talk:数字电路"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:数字电路"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="数字电路" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="数字电路">数字电路</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7" title="数字信号">数字信号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E6%95%B0" title="布尔代数">布尔代数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C" title="開關">開關</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E5%90%88%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="组合逻辑电路">组合逻辑电路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%BA%8F%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="时序逻辑电路">时序逻辑电路</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="同步電路">同步</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="非同步電路">異步</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%80%BC%E8%A1%A8" title="真值表">真值表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%BA%E5%9B%BE" title="卡诺图">卡诺图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%9C%BA" title="有限状态机">有限状态机</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E5%9E%8B%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%9C%BA" title="米利型有限状态机">米利机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%9E%8B%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%9C%BA" title="摩尔型有限状态机">摩尔机</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">硬件模块</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF%E9%96%98" title="邏輯閘">邏輯閘</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8E%E9%97%A8" title="与门">与</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%96%E9%97%A8" title="或门">或</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%9B%B8%E5%99%A8" title="反相器">非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A9%E8%A1%9D%E9%96%98" title="緩衝閘">同</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8E%E9%9D%9E%E9%97%A8" title="与非门">与非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%96%E9%9D%9E%E9%97%A8" title="或非门">或非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E6%88%96%E9%97%A8" title="异或门">异或</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%88%96%E9%97%A8" title="同或门">同或</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8A%E5%90%AB%E9%96%98" title="蘊含閘">蘊含</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94-%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF" title="電晶體-電晶體邏輯">TTL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IC_74190" title="IC 74190">74190</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CMOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B3%95%E5%99%A8" title="加法器">加法器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%98%E6%B3%95%E5%99%A8" title="乘法器">乘法器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8" title="优先编码器">编码器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%91%E7%A0%81%E5%99%A8" title="译码器">译码器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E5%99%A8" title="数据选择器">数据选择器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%81%E5%AD%98%E5%99%A8" title="锁存器">锁存器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E5%AD%98%E5%99%A8" title="寄存器">寄存器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E5%8F%91%E5%99%A8" title="触发器">触发器</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E5%8F%91%E5%99%A8#RS触发器" title="触发器">RS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E5%8F%91%E5%99%A8#D触发器" title="触发器">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E5%8F%91%E5%99%A8#JK触发器" title="触发器">JK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E5%8F%91%E5%99%A8#T触发器" title="触发器">T</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%B2%E5%AD%98%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE" title="儲存裝置">儲存裝置</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E8%AE%80%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="唯讀記憶體">ROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="随机存储器">RAM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E6%AF%94%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="類比數位轉換器">類比數位轉換器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E9%A1%9E%E6%AF%94%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="數位類比轉換器">數位類比轉換器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="集成电路">IC</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="超大规模集成电路">VLSI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%AE%9A%E5%88%B6" title="全定制">定制程度（半、全）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8C%96%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE" title="可程式化邏輯裝置">PLD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8C%96%E9%99%A3%E5%88%97%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF" title="可程式化陣列邏輯">PAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8C%96%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF%E9%99%A3%E5%88%97" title="可程式化邏輯陣列">PLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E9%98%B5%E5%88%97%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91" title="通用阵列逻辑">GAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%87%E9%9B%9C%E5%8F%AF%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8C%96%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE" title="複雜可程式化邏輯裝置">CPLD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%BA%E5%8F%AF%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E9%97%A8%E9%98%B5%E5%88%97" title="现场可编程逻辑门阵列">FPGA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="特殊應用積體電路">ASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="集成电路设计">设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81" title="功能验证">验证</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E5%8C%96" title="電子設計自動化">电子设计自动化</a>（EDA）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="硬件描述语言">硬件描述语言</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verilog" title="Verilog">Verilog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VHDL" title="VHDL">VHDL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88" title="逻辑综合">逻辑综合</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="硬件验证语言">硬件验证语言</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SystemVerilog" title="SystemVerilog">SystemVerilog</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="摄影" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Photography" title="Template:Photography"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Photography" title="Template talk:Photography"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Photography" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Photography"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="摄影" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="摄影">摄影</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影術語（页面不存在）">術語</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E7%89%87" title="像片">像片</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F" title="底片格式">底片格式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" title="焦距">焦距</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A7%92" title="視角">視角</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/35mm%E7%AD%89%E6%95%88%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" title="35mm等效焦距">35mm等效焦距</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%9C%88" title="光圈">光圈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E6%AF%94" title="焦比">焦比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%B7%B1" title="景深">景深</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%84%A6%E8%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="超焦距">超焦距</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E7%B3%8A%E5%9C%88" title="模糊圈">模糊圈</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E6%B7%B1" title="焦深">焦深</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E9%96%80" title="快門">快門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E6%8B%8D" title="連拍">連拍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E9%96%80%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="快門速度">快門速度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%92%E6%98%93%E5%BE%8B" title="倒易律">倒易律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E5%BA%A6" title="感光度">感光度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%85%8916%E6%B3%95%E5%88%99" title="阳光16法则">阳光16法则</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%A0%B4%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3" title="平場校正">平場校正</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89" title="曝光">曝光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E5%80%BC" title="曝光值">曝光值</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E8%A1%A5%E5%81%BF" title="曝光补偿">曝光补偿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E5%AE%BD%E5%AE%B9%E5%BA%A6" title="曝光宽容度">宽容度</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="區域曝光法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zone System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="區域曝光法（页面不存在）">區域曝光法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_System" class="extiw" title="en:Zone System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zone System</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8B%E5%85%89%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="测光模式">測光模式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E5%85%89%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="闪光指数">閃光指數</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="閃光同步" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Flash synchronization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%83%E5%85%89%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閃光同步（页面不存在）">閃光同步</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_synchronization" class="extiw" title="en:Flash synchronization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Flash synchronization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%83%E7%87%88%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="閃燈同步速度">閃燈同步速度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%B8%A9" title="色温">色温</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%AE" title="色差">色差</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E7%9C%BC%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" title="紅眼現象">紅眼現象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E7%99%BD" title="黑白">黑白</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%98%E5%BD%A2" title="透视变形">透視變形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3" title="透视校正">透视校正</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影流程（页面不存在）">攝影流程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%96%E6%B4%97" title="沖洗">攝影處理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="攝影印刷" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photographic printing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影印刷（页面不存在）">攝影印刷</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_printing" class="extiw" title="en:Photographic printing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photographic printing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="攝影科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Science of photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影科學（页面不存在）">攝影科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_of_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Science of photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Science of photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影類型（页面不存在）">類型</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%8B%8D" title="空拍">空中攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="建筑摄影">建筑摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA%E5%AE%9E%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="纪实摄影">纪实摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E8%A8%98%E8%80%85" title="攝影記者">新聞攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藝術攝影（页面不存在）">藝術攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E7%89%A9%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="静物摄影">靜物攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自然攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nature photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自然攝影（页面不存在）">自然攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Nature photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nature photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="人物摄影">人物摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%85%E5%8A%9B%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="魅力摄影">魅力摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B8%E4%BD%93%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="裸体摄影">裸体摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B8%E4%BD%93%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="裸体艺术摄影">裸体艺术摄影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%85%E8%89%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="情色攝影">情色攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="街頭攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Street photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%97%E9%A0%AD%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="街頭攝影（页面不存在）">街頭攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Street photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Street photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="天文攝影">天文攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雲海攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cloudscape photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B2%E6%B5%B7%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雲海攝影（页面不存在）">雲海攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudscape_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Cloudscape photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cloudscape photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="飞机摄影">飞机摄影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鐵道攝影" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="鉄道撮影"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%90%B5%E9%81%93%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鐵道攝影（页面不存在）">鐵道攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%84%E9%81%93%E6%92%AE%E5%BD%B1" class="extiw" title="ja:鉄道撮影"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">鉄道撮影</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="法医摄影">法醫攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%A3%E5%91%8A%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廣告攝影（页面不存在）">廣告攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="商業攝影">商業攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E8%A3%9D%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="時裝攝影">時裝攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%9A%E7%B4%97%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="婚紗攝影">婚紗攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="图库摄影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stock photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E5%BA%93%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="图库摄影（页面不存在）">图库摄影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Stock photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stock photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B3%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="公关摄影">公關攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A5%AD%E9%A4%98%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="業餘攝影（页面不存在）">業餘攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A2%E5%A2%9F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="廢墟攝影">廢墟攝影</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="攝影技術">技術</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afocal%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afocal攝影（页面不存在）">Afocal攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%99%AF" title="散景">散景</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AA%E5%BD%B1_(%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1)" title="剪影 (攝影)">剪影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%92%E5%AF%AB%E7%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="青寫真（页面不存在）">青寫真</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="向右曝光" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Exposing to the right"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%91%E5%8F%B3%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="向右曝光（页面不存在）">向右曝光</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposing_to_the_right" class="extiw" title="en:Exposing to the right"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Exposing to the right</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%83%E7%87%88%E8%A3%9C%E5%85%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閃燈補光（页面不存在）">閃燈補光</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%99%E8%8A%B1%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="煙花攝影（页面不存在）">煙花攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%BF%AB%E9%96%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈里斯快門（页面不存在）">哈里斯快門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F" title="高动态范围成像">HDRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="高速摄影">高速攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%81%AF%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="全息摄影">全像攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%85%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紅外線攝影（页面不存在）">紅外線攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%89%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E8%A1%93" title="克里安照相術">柯利安攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="風箏攝影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kite aerial photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E7%AE%8F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風箏攝影（页面不存在）">風箏攝影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kite_aerial_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Kite aerial photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kite aerial photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="長時間曝光攝影">長時間曝光攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%B7%9D%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="微距攝影">微距攝影</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Mordançage" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mordançage"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mordan%C3%A7age&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mordançage（页面不存在）">Mordançage</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mordan%C3%A7age" class="extiw" title="en:Mordançage"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mordançage</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E6%9B%9D%E5%85%89" title="多重曝光">多重曝光</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9C%E9%96%93%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="夜間攝影（页面不存在）">夜間攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%BD%E8%B9%A4%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="追蹤攝影（页面不存在）">追蹤攝影</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%B9%B3%E7%A7%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影平移（页面不存在）">攝影平移</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%99%AF%E5%9B%BE" title="全景图">全景攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E5%BD%B1%E7%85%A7%E7%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑影照片（页面不存在）">黑影照片</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E8%AA%BF%E8%89%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印刷調色（页面不存在）">印刷調色</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反轉底片（页面不存在）">反轉底片</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E6%96%B0%E6%8B%8D%E6%94%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重新拍攝（页面不存在）">重新拍攝</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rollout%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rollout攝影（页面不存在）">Rollout攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%B2%E8%AA%BF%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="色調反轉（页面不存在）">色調反轉</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E5%B7%B4%E8%92%82%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩巴蒂效應（页面不存在）">薩巴蒂效應</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E9%AB%94%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立體攝影（页面不存在）">立體攝影</a>（<a href="/wiki/3D%E7%9C%BC%E9%8F%A1" title="3D眼鏡">3D眼鏡</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%9C%88%E6%94%B6%E7%B8%AE" title="光圈收縮">光圈收縮</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E5%85%89%E9%A1%AF%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日光顯影（页面不存在）">日光顯影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E8%BD%B4%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="移轴摄影">移轴摄影</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="仿微缩模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Miniature faking"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%BF%E5%BE%AE%E7%BC%A9%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="仿微缩模型（页面不存在）">仿微缩模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniature_faking" class="extiw" title="en:Miniature faking"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Miniature faking</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E6%99%82%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="縮時攝影">縮時攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E5%8A%A8%E4%BD%9C" title="慢动作">慢動作攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紫外線攝影（页面不存在）">紫外線攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%88%E5%BD%B1" title="暈影">暈影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="水中攝影">水中攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%9C%AF" title="微型摄影术">微型攝影術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F%E9%99%B7%E9%98%B1" title="相機陷阱">相機陷阱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeetleCam" title="BeetleCam">BeetleCam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%BF%E5%AD%90%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="鴿子攝影">鴿子攝影</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E5%9C%96" title="構圖">構圖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E8%A7%92%E7%BA%BF%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE%E6%B3%95" title="对角线构图法">对角线构图法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="框架构图法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Framing (visual arts)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E5%9B%BE%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="框架构图法（页面不存在）">框架构图法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(visual_arts)" class="extiw" title="en:Framing (visual arts)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Framing (visual arts)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Headroom" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Headroom (photographic framing)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Headroom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Headroom（页面不存在）">Headroom</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headroom_(photographic_framing)" class="extiw" title="en:Headroom (photographic framing)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Headroom (photographic framing)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Lead room" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lead room"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lead_room&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lead room（页面不存在）">Lead room</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_room" class="extiw" title="en:Lead room"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lead room</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%88%86%E6%B3%95_(%E6%A7%8B%E5%9C%96)" title="三分法 (構圖)">三分法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Simplicity" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Simplicity (photography)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simplicity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simplicity（页面不存在）">Simplicity</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicity_(photography)" class="extiw" title="en:Simplicity (photography)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Simplicity (photography)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90" title="摄影器材">器材</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="照相機">相機</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%A0%B4%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="光場相機">光場相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E9%95%9C%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%89%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="单镜反光相机">单反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%89%E9%8F%A1%E5%8F%AF%E6%8F%9B%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="無反光鏡可換鏡頭相機">无反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%8F%8D%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="双反相机">双反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E8%BD%B4%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="旁轴相机">旁轴相机</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E8%A7%80%E6%99%AF%E5%BC%8F%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="直接觀景式相機（页面不存在）">直接觀景式相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="高速攝影機">高速攝影機</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="玩具相機 (器材)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Toy camera"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%A9%E5%85%B7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F_(%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="玩具相機 (器材)（页面不存在）">玩具相機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy_camera" class="extiw" title="en:Toy camera"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Toy camera</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9D%E5%AD%94%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="針孔相機">針孔相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%BB%E7%93%9C%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="傻瓜相机">傻瓜相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="即时成像相机">即时成像相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%BB%E5%B9%85%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="大画幅相机">大畫幅相機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%99%AF%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="全景相机">全景相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%8B%8D%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="空拍機">空拍機</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E6%A9%9F" title="放大機">放大機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87" title="底片">底片</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E7%89%87%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="底片片基（页面不存在）">片基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F" title="底片格式">底片格式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87" title="电影胶片">電影膠片</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="鏡頭">鏡頭</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E7%84%A6%E9%95%9C%E5%A4%B4" title="变焦镜头">變焦鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E7%84%A6%E9%95%9C%E5%A4%B4" title="定焦镜头">定焦鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A7%92%E9%95%9C" title="广角镜">廣角鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="標準鏡頭">標準鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E6%94%9D%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD" title="遠攝鏡頭">遠攝鏡頭</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9C%E5%A4%B4%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3" title="镜头接口">接環鏡頭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%BB%A4%E5%85%89%E9%95%9C" title="摄影滤光镜">攝影濾光鏡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%AE%E5%85%89%E7%BD%A9" title="遮光罩">遮光罩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8B%E5%85%89%E8%A1%A8" title="测光表">測光表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E5%85%89%E7%81%AF" title="闪光灯">閃光燈</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%B6%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波帶板（页面不存在）">波帶板</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8F%B0" title="云台">云台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E8%85%B3%E6%9E%B6" title="單腳架">單腳架</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%85%B3%E6%9E%B6" title="三腳架">三腳架</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%8B%8D%E6%9D%86" title="自拍杆">自拍棒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F%E7%A9%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%99%A8" title="相機穩定器">相機穩定器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%88%BF" title="暗房">暗房</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%88%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%87%88" title="暗房安全燈">暗房安全燈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E7%87%88%E6%A9%9F" title="幻燈機">幻燈機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E6%94%BE%E6%98%A0%E6%9C%BA" title="电影放映机">電影放映機</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1#历史" title="摄影">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E7%AE%B1" title="暗箱">暗箱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86" title="奥托克罗姆">奧托克羅姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%95" title="卡罗法">卡羅法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E7%89%88%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%B3%95" title="银版摄影法">银版摄影法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="杜菲彩版" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dufaycolor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%9C%E8%8F%B2%E5%BD%A9%E7%89%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杜菲彩版（页面不存在）">杜菲彩版</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dufaycolor" class="extiw" title="en:Dufaycolor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dufaycolor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="照相底板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photographic plate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E5%BA%95%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="照相底板（页面不存在）">照相底板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_plate" class="extiw" title="en:Photographic plate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photographic plate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="視覺藝術">視覺藝術</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摄影技术发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of photography technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摄影技术发展史（页面不存在）">摄影技术发展史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_photography_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of photography technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of photography technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="数码摄影">数码摄影</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="数码相机">數碼相機</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%96%AE%E7%9C%BC%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="數位單眼相機">数码单反相机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%89%E9%8F%A1%E5%8F%AF%E6%8F%9B%E9%8F%A1%E9%A0%AD%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="無反光鏡可換鏡頭相機">单电相机</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数字相机后背" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digital camera back"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA%E5%90%8E%E8%83%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数字相机后背（页面不存在）">数码后背</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camera_back" class="extiw" title="en:Digital camera back"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digital camera back</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8" title="图像传感器">感光元件</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有源像素传感器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Active-pixel sensor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%BA%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有源像素传感器（页面不存在）">有源像素传感器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active-pixel_sensor" class="extiw" title="en:Active-pixel sensor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Active-pixel sensor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">互補式金屬氧化物半導體</a>（CMOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="感光耦合元件">感光耦合元件</a>（CCD）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="3CCD照相机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Three-CCD camera"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=3CCD%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3CCD照相机（页面不存在）">3CCD照相机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-CCD_camera" class="extiw" title="en:Three-CCD camera"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Three-CCD camera</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foveon_X3%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="Foveon X3感光元件">Foveon X3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0" title="像素">像素</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="底片扫描仪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Film scanner"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%95%E7%89%87%E6%89%AB%E6%8F%8F%E4%BB%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="底片扫描仪（页面不存在）">底片扫描仪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_scanner" class="extiw" title="en:Film scanner"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Film scanner</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数码摄影与胶片摄影的对比" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Comparison of digital and film photography"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E4%B8%8E%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数码摄影与胶片摄影的对比（页面不存在）">与胶片摄影对比</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_digital_and_film_photography" class="extiw" title="en:Comparison of digital and film photography"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Comparison of digital and film photography</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1C%E5%9E%8B" title="先進攝影系統C型">先進攝影系統C型</a>（APS-C）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="望远镜摄影" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digiscoping"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="望远镜摄影（页面不存在）">望远镜摄影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digiscoping" class="extiw" title="en:Digiscoping"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digiscoping</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="图片共享" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Image sharing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="图片共享（页面不存在）">图片共享</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_sharing" class="extiw" title="en:Image sharing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Image sharing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="彩色攝影">彩色攝影</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2" title="颜色">色彩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="彩色攝影">彩色底片</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E5%83%8F%E7%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彩色像片（页面不存在）">印刷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%89%87" title="正片">正片</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%BD%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="色彩管理">色彩管理</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%9F%9F" title="色域">色域</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E8%89%B2" title="原色">原色</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8E%9F%E8%89%B2%E5%85%89%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="三原色光模式">三原色光模式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E5%9B%9B%E5%88%86%E8%89%B2%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="印刷四分色模式">印刷四分色模式</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%96%E6%B4%97" title="沖洗">沖洗</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-41%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" title="C-41沖印處理">C-41沖印處理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="交叉沖印" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cross processing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="交叉沖印（页面不存在）">交叉沖印</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_processing" class="extiw" title="en:Cross processing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cross processing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E9%A1%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%8A%91" title="照相顯影劑">照相顯影劑</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="數碼圖像處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digital image processing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B8%E7%A2%BC%E5%9C%96%E5%83%8F%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="數碼圖像處理（页面不存在）">數碼圖像處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_image_processing" class="extiw" title="en:Digital image processing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digital image processing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="偶染體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dye coupler"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%B6%E6%9F%93%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="偶染體（页面不存在）">偶染體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye_coupler" class="extiw" title="en:Dye coupler"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dye coupler</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-6%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" title="E-6沖印處理">E-6沖印處理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Photographic fixer" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photographic fixer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photographic_fixer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Photographic fixer（页面不存在）">定影劑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_fixer" class="extiw" title="en:Photographic fixer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photographic fixer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="明膠銀處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gelatin silver process"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E8%86%A0%E9%8A%80%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="明膠銀處理（页面不存在）">明膠銀處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin_silver_process" class="extiw" title="en:Gelatin silver process"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gelatin silver process</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胶印 (摄影加工)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gum printing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%B6%E5%8D%B0_(%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胶印 (摄影加工)（页面不存在）">胶印</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gum_printing" class="extiw" title="en:Gum printing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gum printing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E8%83%B6%E7%89%87" title="即时成像胶片">即时成像胶片</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="K-14沖印處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="K-14 process"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K-14%E6%B2%96%E5%8D%B0%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="K-14沖印處理（页面不存在）">K-14沖印處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-14_process" class="extiw" title="en:K-14 process"><span lang="en" dir="auto">K-14 process</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印刷耐久性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Print permanence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7%E8%80%90%E4%B9%85%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印刷耐久性（页面不存在）">印刷耐久性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_permanence" class="extiw" title="en:Print permanence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Print permanence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="增感显影處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Push processing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%9E%E6%84%9F%E6%98%BE%E5%BD%B1%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="增感显影處理（页面不存在）">增感显影處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_processing" class="extiw" title="en:Push processing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Push processing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="止顯劑" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stop bath"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A2%E9%A1%AF%E5%8A%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="止顯劑（页面不存在）">止顯劑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_bath" class="extiw" title="en:Stop bath"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stop bath</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他議題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%81%AF%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="全息摄影">全息拍攝術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%A9%E5%85%B7%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1" title="玩具相機攝影">Lomo攝影</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%92%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影和法律（页面不存在）">攝影和法律</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8%E5%92%8C%E7%95%AB%E5%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影博物館和畫廊（页面不存在）">攝影博物館和畫廊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%82%8A%E6%9A%97%E8%A7%92" title="周邊暗角">周邊暗角</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%A7%E7%89%87%E5%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="照片庫（页面不存在）">照片庫</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">列表</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E6%98%82%E8%B2%B4%E7%9A%84%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="最昂貴的攝影作品列表">最昂贵的摄影作品</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90%E8%A3%BD%E9%80%A0%E5%95%86%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攝影器材製造商名單（页面不存在）">攝影器材製造商名單</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摄影师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of photographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摄影师列表（页面不存在）">摄影师</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photographers" class="extiw" title="en:List of photographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of photographers</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="街头摄影师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of street photographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%97%E5%A4%B4%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="街头摄影师列表（页面不存在）">街头摄影</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_street_photographers" class="extiw" title="en:List of street photographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of street photographers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="女性摄影师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of women photographers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="女性摄影师列表（页面不存在）">女性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_women_photographers" class="extiw" title="en:List of women photographers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of women photographers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1" title="Category:摄影">摄影分类的所有相关条目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="電子元件" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Electronic_components" title="Template:Electronic components"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Electronic_components&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Electronic components（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Electronic_components" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Electronic components"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="電子元件" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="電子元件">電子元件</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%99%A8%E4%BB%B6" title="半导体器件">半导体器件</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1" title="晶体管">晶体管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="四極電晶體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tetrode transistor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%A5%B5%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="四極電晶體（页面不存在）">四極電晶體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrode_transistor" class="extiw" title="en:Tetrode transistor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tetrode transistor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="五極電晶體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pentode transistor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E6%A5%B5%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五極電晶體（页面不存在）">五極電晶體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentode_transistor" class="extiw" title="en:Pentode transistor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pentode transistor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電解存儲器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Memistor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%98%E5%84%B2%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電解存儲器（页面不存在）">電解存儲器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memistor" class="extiw" title="en:Memistor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Memistor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%86%B6%E9%98%BB%E5%99%A8" title="憶阻器">憶阻器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%9E%81%E6%80%A7%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1" title="双极性晶体管">双极性晶体管</a>（<span lang="en">BJT</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%96%98%E6%A5%B5%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="多閘極電晶體">多閘極電晶體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B0%AD%E5%BC%8F%E5%A0%B4%E6%95%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="鰭式場效電晶體">鰭式場效電晶體</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">互補式金屬氧化物半導體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%A0%B4%E6%95%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體">金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體</a>（<span lang="en">MOSFET</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E5%9E%8B%E5%9C%BA%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94%E7%AE%A1" title="结型场效应管">接面場效電晶體</a>（<span lang="en">JFET</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%BA%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94%E7%AE%A1" title="场效应管">场效应管</a>（<span lang="en">FET</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%B7%9A%E8%B7%AF" title="量子線路">量子線路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="定電流二極體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Constant-current diode"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%9A%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="定電流二極體（页面不存在）">定電流二極體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constant-current_diode" class="extiw" title="en:Constant-current diode"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Constant-current diode</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<span lang="en">CLD</span>、<span lang="en">CRD</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E7%81%B5%E9%A1%BF%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1" title="达灵顿晶体管">達靈頓電晶體</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="觸發二極體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="DIAC"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%B8%E7%99%BC%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="觸發二極體（页面不存在）">觸發二極體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIAC" class="extiw" title="en:DIAC"><span lang="en" dir="auto">DIAC</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" title="二極體">二極管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Heterostructure barrier varactor" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Heterostructure barrier varactor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterostructure_barrier_varactor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterostructure barrier varactor（页面不存在）">Heterostructure barrier varactor</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterostructure_barrier_varactor" class="extiw" title="en:Heterostructure barrier varactor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Heterostructure barrier varactor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E7%B7%A3%E6%9F%B5%E9%9B%99%E6%A5%B5%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94%E7%AE%A1" title="絕緣柵雙極晶體管">絕緣柵雙極晶體管</a>（<span lang="en">IGBT</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="集成电路">集成电路</a>（<span lang="en">IC</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E5%85%89%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E7%AE%A1" title="發光二極管">發光二極管</a>（<span lang="en">LED</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%84%9F%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8" title="光感測器">光感測器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%94%B5%E4%BA%8C%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1" title="光电二极管">光电二极管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIN%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%8C%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1" title="PIN型二极管">PIN型二极管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%96%E7%89%B9%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8C%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1" title="肖特基二极管">肖特基二极管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E9%96%98%E7%AE%A1" title="晶閘管">矽控整流器</a>（<span lang="en">SCR</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E9%96%98%E7%AE%A1" title="晶閘管">晶閘管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B4%A9%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E7%AE%A1" title="雪崩二極管">雪崩二極管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%90%91%E6%99%B6%E9%97%B8%E7%AE%A1" title="双向晶闸管">雙向晶闸管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E6%8E%A5%E5%90%88%E9%9D%A2%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="單接合面電晶體">單接合面電晶體</a>（<span lang="en">UJT</span>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E5%AE%B9%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" title="變容二極體">變容二極體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E7%B4%8D%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" title="齊納二極體">齊納二極體</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IC_Carrier_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/IC_Carrier_Icon.svg/120px-IC_Carrier_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/IC_Carrier_Icon.svg/180px-IC_Carrier_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/IC_Carrier_Icon.svg/240px-IC_Carrier_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B3%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="稳压器">稳压器</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E6%80%A7%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93%E8%AA%BF%E7%AF%80%E5%99%A8" title="線性電壓調節器">線性電壓調節器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%A3%93%E5%B7%AE%E7%A9%A9%E5%A3%93%E5%99%A8" title="低壓差穩壓器">低壓差穩壓器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E9%9B%BB%E6%BA%90" title="開關模式電源">開關穩壓器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E5%8E%8B%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8" title="降压变换器">降压变换器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E5%A3%93%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="升壓變換器">升壓變換器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E5%A3%93-%E5%8D%87%E5%A3%93%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="降壓-升壓變換器">降壓-升壓變換器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split-pi" title="Split-pi">Split-pi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86uk%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8" title="Ćuk变换器">Ćuk变换器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E7%AB%AF%E5%88%9D%E7%BA%A7%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8" title="单端初级电感转换器">SEPIC变换器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7%E6%B3%B5" title="電荷泵">電荷泵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C%E9%9B%BB%E5%AE%B9" title="開關電容">開關電容</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1" title="真空管">真空管</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="橡實管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acorn tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%A1%E5%AF%A6%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="橡實管（页面不存在）">橡實管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorn_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Acorn tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acorn tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三極真空管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Audion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E6%A5%B5%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三極真空管（页面不存在）">三極真空管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audion" class="extiw" title="en:Audion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Audion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="束射四極管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beam tetrode"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%9F%E5%B0%84%E5%9B%9B%E6%A5%B5%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="束射四極管（页面不存在）">束射四極管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_tetrode" class="extiw" title="en:Beam tetrode"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beam tetrode</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熱線檢流計" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hot wire barretter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E7%B7%9A%E6%AA%A2%E6%B5%81%E8%A8%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱線檢流計（页面不存在）">熱線檢流計</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_wire_barretter" class="extiw" title="en:Hot wire barretter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hot wire barretter</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="緊密管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Compactron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B7%8A%E5%AF%86%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="緊密管（页面不存在）">緊密管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compactron" class="extiw" title="en:Compactron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Compactron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1" title="真空管">真空二極體</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弗萊明管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fleming valve"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E8%90%8A%E6%98%8E%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗萊明管（页面不存在）">弗萊明管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleming_valve" class="extiw" title="en:Fleming valve"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fleming valve</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="九極管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nonode"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%9D%E6%A5%B5%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="九極管（页面不存在）">九極管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonode" class="extiw" title="en:Nonode"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nonode</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小型抗震管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nuvistor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E5%9E%8B%E6%8A%97%E9%9C%87%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小型抗震管（页面不存在）">小型抗震管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuvistor" class="extiw" title="en:Nuvistor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nuvistor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="五柵變頻管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pentagrid converter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E6%9F%B5%E8%AE%8A%E9%A0%BB%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五柵變頻管（页面不存在）">五柵變頻管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentagrid_converter" class="extiw" title="en:Pentagrid converter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pentagrid converter</span></a></span>）</span></span>（六極管、七極管、八極管）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1" title="五极管">五极管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%94%B5%E5%80%8D%E5%A2%9E%E7%AE%A1" title="光电倍增管">光电倍增管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%94%B5%E7%AE%A1" title="光电管">光电管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1" title="四极管">四极管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%A1_(%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1)" title="三极管 (真空管)">三極管</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1" title="真空管">真空管</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%B3%A2" title="微波">RF</a>）</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="後進波振盪器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Backward-wave oscillator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E9%80%B2%E6%B3%A2%E6%8C%AF%E7%9B%AA%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後進波振盪器（页面不存在）">後進波振盪器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward-wave_oscillator" class="extiw" title="en:Backward-wave oscillator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Backward-wave oscillator</span></a></span>）</span></span>（BWO）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%85%94%E7%A3%81%E6%8E%A7%E7%AE%A1" title="多腔磁控管">多腔磁控管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="交叉場放大器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crossed-field amplifier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E5%A0%B4%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="交叉場放大器（页面不存在）">交叉場放大器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossed-field_amplifier" class="extiw" title="en:Crossed-field amplifier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crossed-field amplifier</span></a></span>）</span></span>（CFA）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B4%E6%97%8B%E7%AE%A1" title="迴旋管">迴旋管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="感應輸出管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Inductive output tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E6%87%89%E8%BC%B8%E5%87%BA%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="感應輸出管（页面不存在）">感應輸出管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive_output_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Inductive output tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Inductive output tube</span></a></span>）</span></span>（IOT）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="調速管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Klystron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AA%BF%E9%80%9F%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="調速管（页面不存在）">調速管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klystron" class="extiw" title="en:Klystron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Klystron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%BE%AE%E6%B3%A2" title="激微波">激微波</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="回復式調速管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sutton tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9E%E5%BE%A9%E5%BC%8F%E8%AA%BF%E9%80%9F%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="回復式調速管（页面不存在）">回復式調速管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutton_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Sutton tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sutton tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A2%E7%AE%A1" title="行波管">行波管</a>（TWT）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E6%9E%81%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E7%AE%A1" title="阴极射线管">阴极射线管</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電子束偏轉管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beam deflection tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%9F%E5%81%8F%E8%BD%89%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電子束偏轉管（页面不存在）">電子束偏轉管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_deflection_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Beam deflection tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beam deflection tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E6%9E%81%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E7%AE%A1" title="阴极射线管">顯像管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光電攝像管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Iconoscope"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E9%9B%BB%E6%94%9D%E5%83%8F%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="光電攝像管（页面不存在）">光電攝像管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iconoscope" class="extiw" title="en:Iconoscope"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Iconoscope</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BB%E7%9C%BC%E7%AE%A1" title="幻眼管">幻眼管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="單像管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Monoscope"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E5%83%8F%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="單像管（页面不存在）">單像管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoscope" class="extiw" title="en:Monoscope"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Monoscope</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%89%E6%95%B0%E7%AE%A1" title="选数管">选数管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="儲存管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Storage tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%84%B2%E5%AD%98%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="儲存管（页面不存在）">儲存管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storage_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Storage tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Storage tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E7%AE%A1" title="数码管">多級電子計數管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F%E7%AE%A1" title="摄像管">摄像管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%AE%A1" title="威廉姆斯管">威廉姆斯管</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="充氣管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gas-filled tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%85%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="充氣管（页面不存在）">充氣管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas-filled_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Gas-filled tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gas-filled tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E9%98%B4%E6%9E%81%E8%8D%A7%E5%85%89%E7%81%AF%E7%AE%A1" title="冷阴极荧光灯管">冷阴极荧光灯管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Crossatron" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crossatron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crossatron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crossatron（页面不存在）">Crossatron</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossatron" class="extiw" title="en:Crossatron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crossatron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E9%98%B4%E6%9E%81%E8%AE%A1%E6%95%B0%E7%AE%A1" title="冷阴极计数管">冷阴极计数管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E7%87%83%E7%AE%A1" title="引燃管">引燃管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弧光放電充氣管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Krytron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A7%E5%85%89%E6%94%BE%E9%9B%BB%E5%85%85%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弧光放電充氣管（页面不存在）">弧光放電充氣管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krytron" class="extiw" title="en:Krytron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Krytron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%8A%80%E6%95%B4%E6%B5%81%E5%99%A8" title="水銀整流器">汞弧閥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96%E7%81%AF" title="氖灯">氖灯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E7%AE%A1" title="数码管">数码管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="閘流管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thyratron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%98%E6%B5%81%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閘流管（页面不存在）">閘流管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyratron" class="extiw" title="en:Thyratron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thyratron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="觸發管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trigatron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%B8%E7%99%BC%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="觸發管（页面不存在）">觸發管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigatron" class="extiw" title="en:Trigatron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Trigatron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="調壓管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Voltage-regulator tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AA%BF%E5%A3%93%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="調壓管（页面不存在）">調壓管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-regulator_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Voltage-regulator tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Voltage-regulator tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">可變式元件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E4%BD%8D%E5%99%A8" title="電位器">電位器</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E9%9B%BB%E4%BD%8D%E5%99%A8" title="數位電位器">數位式</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E7%94%B5%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8" title="可变电容器">可变电容器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E5%AE%B9%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" title="變容二極體">變容二極體</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E5%8B%95%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="被動元件">被動元件</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>連接器 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="音頻與視頻接口及端子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Audio and video interfaces and connectors"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%B3%E9%A0%BB%E8%88%87%E8%A6%96%E9%A0%BB%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%8F%8A%E7%AB%AF%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="音頻與視頻接口及端子（页面不存在）">音頻與視頻</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_and_video_interfaces_and_connectors" class="extiw" title="en:Audio and video interfaces and connectors"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Audio and video interfaces and connectors</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB%E6%BA%90%E6%8F%92%E9%A0%AD%E8%88%87%E6%8F%92%E5%BA%A7" title="家用交流電源插頭與插座">電源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%84%E9%A2%91%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5%E5%99%A8" title="射频连接器">RF</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電解檢測器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electrolytic detector"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E8%A7%A3%E6%AA%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電解檢測器（页面不存在）">電解檢測器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolytic_detector" class="extiw" title="en:Electrolytic detector"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electrolytic detector</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E6%B0%A7%E9%AB%94%E7%A3%81%E8%8A%AF" title="鐵氧體磁芯">鐵氧體磁芯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA%E7%B5%B2" title="保險絲">保險絲</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PPTC" title="PPTC">可復式保險絲</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E9%98%BB%E5%99%A8" title="電阻器">電阻器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C" title="開關">開關</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E6%95%8F%E7%94%B5%E9%98%BB" title="热敏电阻">热敏电阻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="变压器">变压器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E6%95%8F%E9%9B%BB%E9%98%BB" title="壓敏電阻">壓敏電阻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E7%B7%9A" title="金屬線">金屬線</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弗拉斯頓線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wollaston wire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E9%A0%93%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗拉斯頓線（页面不存在）">弗拉斯頓線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollaston_wire" class="extiw" title="en:Wollaston wire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wollaston wire</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%97" title="电抗">电抗</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8" title="电容器">电容器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="陶瓷諧振器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ceramic resonator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E8%AB%A7%E6%8C%AF%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陶瓷諧振器（页面不存在）">陶瓷諧振器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic_resonator" class="extiw" title="en:Ceramic resonator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ceramic resonator</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94%E6%8C%AF%E7%9B%AA%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="晶體振盪器">晶體振盪器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="电感元件">电感元件</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="變抗管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parametron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%8A%E6%8A%97%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="變抗管（页面不存在）">變抗管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametron" class="extiw" title="en:Parametron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parametron</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%A7%E7%94%B5%E5%99%A8" title="继电器">继电器</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="舌簧繼電器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="reed relay"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8C%E7%B0%A7%E7%B9%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="舌簧繼電器（页面不存在）">舌簧繼電器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/reed_relay" class="extiw" title="en:reed relay"><span lang="en" dir="auto">reed relay</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%8A%80%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C" title="水銀開關">水銀開關</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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