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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Media+type" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Media+type" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Media+type" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subtypes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subtypes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Subtypes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subtypes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Standards_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standards_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Standards tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standards_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vendor_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vendor_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Vendor tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vendor_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_or_vanity_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_or_vanity_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Personal or vanity tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_or_vanity_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unregistered_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unregistered_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Unregistered tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unregistered_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suffix" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suffix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Suffix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suffix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Common_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Common_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Common examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Common_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mailcap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mailcap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mailcap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mailcap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-mime.types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#mime.types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>mime.types</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-mime.types-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle mime.types subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-mime.types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Netscape_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netscape_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Netscape use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netscape_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Media type</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B7" title="نوع الوسائط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نوع الوسائط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipu_de_mediu" title="Tipu de mediu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tipu de mediu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typ_internetov%C3%A9ho_m%C3%A9dia" title="Typ internetového média – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Typ internetového média" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Media_Type" title="Internet Media Type – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internet Media Type" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipo_de_medio" title="Tipo de medio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tipo de medio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="نوع رسانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوع رسانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_de_m%C3%A9dias" title="Type de médias – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Type de médias" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%ED%83%80%EC%9E%85" title="미디어 타입 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미디어 타입" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Media type" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interneta_medija_tips" title="Interneta medija tips – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Interneta medija tips" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenis_media_Internet" title="Jenis media Internet – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jenis media Internet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediatype" title="Mediatype – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mediatype" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%97" title="メディアタイプ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メディアタイプ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typ_MIME" title="Typ MIME – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Typ MIME" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipo_de_m%C3%ADdia_da_Internet" title="Tipo de mídia da Internet – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tipo de mídia da Internet" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_MIME-%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Список MIME-типов – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Список MIME-типов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Media type" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%BD%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%BE" title="ميڊيا ٽائيپ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ميڊيا ٽائيپ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_medija_tip" title="Internet medija tip – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Internet medija tip" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_media_type" title="Internet media type – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Internet media type" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="பல்வகை இணைய அஞ்சல் நீட்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பல்வகை இணைய அஞ்சல் நீட்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="MIME тип – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="MIME тип" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%E1%BB%83u_ph%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_ti%E1%BB%87n" title="Kiểu phương tiện – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kiểu phương tiện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" title="互联网媒体类型 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="互联网媒体类型" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1667978#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Identifier for file formats</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Confusing plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-confusing" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vagueness" title="Wikipedia:Vagueness">confusing or unclear</a> to readers</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarify the article</a>. There might be a discussion about this on <a href="/wiki/Talk:Media_type" title="Talk:Media type">the talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Information_and_communications_technology" title="Information and communications technology">information and communications technology</a>, a <b>media type</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-iana_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rfc9110section8-3-1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc9110section8-3-1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>content type</b><sup id="cite_ref-rfc9110section8-3-1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc9110section8-3-1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-xhtmldatatypes_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xhtmldatatypes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>MIME type</b><sup id="cite_ref-iana_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-whatwgterminology_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whatwgterminology-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-xdgmime_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xdgmime-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a two-part identifier for <a href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">file formats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Content_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="Content formats">content formats</a>. Their purpose is comparable to <a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">filename extensions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uniform_type_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniform type identifier">uniform type identifiers</a>, in that they identify the intended data format. They are mainly used by technologies underpinning the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>, and also used on <a href="/wiki/Linux_desktop" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux desktop">Linux desktop</a> systems. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)</a> is the official authority for the standardization and publication of these classifications. Media types were originally defined in <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">Request for Comments</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/RFC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RFC (identifier)">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2045">2045</a> (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies (Nov 1996) in November 1996 as a part of the <i><a href="/wiki/MIME" title="MIME">MIME</a> (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)</i> specification, for denoting type of <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">email</a> message content and attachments;<sup id="cite_ref-RFC2045_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC2045-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hence the original name, <i>MIME type</i>. Media types are also used by other internet protocols such as <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> document file formats such as <a href="/wiki/HTML_element" title="HTML element">HTML</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">XDG</a> specifications implemented by Linux <a href="/wiki/Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop environments</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-xdgmime_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xdgmime-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for similar purposes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Different internet standards or web standards bodies differ on the preferred term for this type of identifier. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/IANA" class="mw-redirect" title="IANA">IANA</a> and <a href="/wiki/IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a> use the term "media type", and consider the term "MIME type" to be obsolete,<sup id="cite_ref-iana_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since media types have become used in contexts unrelated to email, such as HTTP. By contrast, the <a href="/wiki/WHATWG" title="WHATWG">WHATWG</a> continues to use the term "MIME type" and discourages use of the term "media type" as ambiguous, since it is used with a different meaning in connection with the <a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" class="mw-redirect" title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">@media</code> feature.<sup id="cite_ref-whatwgterminology_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whatwgterminology-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> response header for providing the media type is <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">Content-Type</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-rfc9110section8-3-1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc9110section8-3-1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a> has used <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">ContentType</code> as an <a href="/wiki/XML_Schema_(W3C)#Types" title="XML Schema (W3C)">XML data-type</a> name for a media type.<sup id="cite_ref-xhtmldatatypes_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xhtmldatatypes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">XDG</a> specifications implemented by Linux <a href="/wiki/Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop environments</a> continue to use the term "MIME type".<sup id="cite_ref-xdgmime_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xdgmime-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Syntax notations in this section are in <a href="/wiki/Extended_Backus%E2%80%93Naur_form" title="Extended Backus–Naur form">Extended Backus–Naur form</a>, following RFC convention.</div> <p>A media type consists of a <i>type</i> and a <i>subtype</i>, which is further structured into a <i>tree</i>. A media type can optionally define a <i>suffix</i> and <i>parameters</i>: </p> <dl><dd><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-ebnf mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="k">mime-type </span><span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">type </span><span class="s2">"/"</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="k">tree </span><span class="s2">"."</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">subtype </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"+"</span> <span class="k">suffix</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">*</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">";"</span> <span class="k">parameter</span><span class="p">];</span> </pre></div></dd></dl> <p>As an example, an HTML file might be designated <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/html; charset=UTF-8</code>. In this example, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text</code> is the type, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">html</code> is the subtype, and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">charset=UTF-8</code> is an optional parameter indicating the character encoding. </p><p>Types, subtypes, and parameter names are case-insensitive. Parameter values are usually case-sensitive, but may be interpreted in a case-insensitive fashion depending on the intended use.<sup id="cite_ref-RFC2045_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC2045-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types">Types</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "type" part defines the broad use of the media type. As of November 1996, the registered types were: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">audio</code>,<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">message</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">multipart</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text</code> and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">video</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-RFC2045_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC2045-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By July 2024, the registered types included the foregoing, plus <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">font</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">example</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">model</code>, and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">haptics</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-iana_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An unofficial top-level type in common use is <a href="/wiki/Chemical_file_format#The_Chemical_MIME_Project" title="Chemical file format"><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">chemical</code></a>, used for <a href="/wiki/Chemical_file_format" title="Chemical file format">chemical file formats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the context of Linux <a href="/wiki/Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop environments</a>, the unofficial top-level types <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">inode</code> (<a href="/wiki/Inode" title="Inode">inodes</a> other than normal files, such as <a href="/wiki/Directory_(computing)" title="Directory (computing)">filesystem directories</a>, <a href="/wiki/Device_file" title="Device file">device files</a> or <a href="/wiki/Symbolic_link" title="Symbolic link">symbolic links</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-content</code> (<a href="/wiki/Removable_media" title="Removable media">removable media</a>, such as <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-content/image-dcf</code> for <a href="/wiki/Design_rule_for_Camera_File_system" title="Design rule for Camera File system">DCF digital cameras</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">package</code> (<a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">package manager</a> packages)<sup id="cite_ref-iconnaming_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iconnaming-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-office</code> (generic categories of <a href="/wiki/Office_productivity_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Office productivity software">office productivity software</a> document)<sup id="cite_ref-iconnaming_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iconnaming-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subtypes">Subtypes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Subtypes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A subtype typically consists of a media format, but it may or must also contain other content, such as a tree prefix, producer, product or suffix, according to the different rules in registration trees. </p><p>All media types should be registered using the IANA registration procedures. For the efficiency and flexibility of the media type registration process, different structures of subtypes can be registered in registration trees that are distinguished by the use of tree prefixes. Currently the following trees are created: standard (no prefix), vendor (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">vnd.</code> prefix), personal or vanity (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">prs.</code> prefix), unregistered (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x.</code> prefix). These registration trees were first defined in November 1996 (obsoleted RFC 2048 - currently RFC 6838). New registration trees may be created by <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a> Standards Action for external registration and management by well-known permanent organizations (e.g. scientific societies). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Standards_tree">Standards tree</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Standards tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The standards tree does not use any tree prefix. Examples are <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/javascript</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/png</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-RFC6838_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC6838-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Registrations in the standards tree must be either associated with IETF specifications approved directly by the IESG, or registered by an IANA recognized standards-related organization. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vendor_tree">Vendor tree</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Vendor tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The vendor tree includes media types associated with publicly available products. It uses the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">vnd.</code> tree prefix. Examples are: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.ms-excel</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text</code>. </p><p>The terms "vendor" and "producer" are considered equivalent in the context. Industry consortia as well as non-commercial entities can register media types in the vendor tree. A registration in the vendor tree may be created by anyone who needs to interchange files associated with some software product or set of products. However, the registration belongs to the vendor or organization producing the software that employs the type being registered, and that vendor or organization can at any time elect to assert ownership of a registration done by a third party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Personal_or_vanity_tree">Personal or vanity tree</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Personal or vanity tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The personal or vanity tree includes media types associated with non publicly available products or experimental media types. It uses the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">prs.</code> tree prefix. Examples are <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">audio/prs.sid</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/prs.btif</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Unregistered_tree">Unregistered tree</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Unregistered tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The unregistered tree includes media types intended exclusively for use in private environments and only with the active agreement of the parties exchanging them. It uses the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x.</code> tree prefix. Examples are <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/x.foo</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">video/x.bar</code>. Media types in this tree cannot be registered. </p><p>This type was originally defined in RFC 1590 (published in September 1993) using the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">X-</code> prefix. RFC 2048 (published in November 1996) introduced the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x.</code> prefix, but discouraged use of the unregistered tree, as new personal and vendor trees with relaxed registration requirements are now available. The current RFC 6838 (published in January 2013) maintains the same recommendation, but subtypes prefixed with <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">X-</code> are no longer considered to be members of this tree. </p><p>Media types that have been widely deployed (with a subtype prefixed with <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">X-</code>) without being registered, should be, if possible, re-registered with a proper prefixed subtype. If this is not possible, the media type can, after an approval by both the media types reviewer and the IESG, be registered in the standards tree with its unprefixed subtype. <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code> is an example of a widely deployed type that ended up registered with the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">x-</code> prefix.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suffix">Suffix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Suffix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Suffix is an augmentation to the media type definition to additionally specify the underlying structure of that media type, allowing for generic processing based on that structure and independent of the exact type's particular semantics. Media types that make use of a named structured syntax should use the appropriate IANA registered <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">"+"suffix</code> for that structured syntax when they are registered. Unregistered suffixes should not be used (since January 2013). Structured syntax suffix registration procedures are defined in RFC 6838.<sup id="cite_ref-RFC6838_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC6838-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/%2Bxml" class="mw-redirect" title="+xml">+xml</a> suffix has been defined since January 2001 (RFC 3023<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and was formally included in the initial contents of the Structured Syntax Suffix Registry along with <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+json</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+ber</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+der</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+fastinfoset</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+wbxml</code>, and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+zip</code> in January 2013 (RFC 6839). Subsequent additions include <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+gzip</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+cbor</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+json-seq</code>, and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">+cbor-seq</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Common_examples">Common examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Common examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the IANA registry:<sup id="cite_ref-iana_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/json</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/ld+json</code> (<a href="/wiki/JSON-LD" title="JSON-LD">JSON-LD</a>)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/msword</code> (.doc)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/pdf</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/sql</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.api+json</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.microsoft.portable-executable</code> (.efi, .exe, .dll)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.ms-excel</code> (.xls)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.ms-powerpoint</code> (.ppt)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text</code> (.odt)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation</code> (.pptx)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet</code> (.xlsx)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document</code> (.docx)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/xml</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/zip</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/zstd</code> (.zst)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">audio/mpeg</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">audio/ogg</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/avif</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/jpeg</code> (.jpg, .jpeg, .jfif, .pjpeg, .pjp) <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/png</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/svg+xml</code> (.svg)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">image/tiff</code> (.tif)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">model/obj</code> (.obj)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">multipart/form-data</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/plain</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/css</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/csv</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/html</code></li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/javascript</code>(.js)</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/xml</code></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mailcap">Mailcap</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mailcap"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/File_association" title="File association">File association</a></div> <p>Mailcap (derived from the phrase "mail capability") is a type of meta file used to configure how MIME-aware applications such as mail clients and web browsers render files of different MIME-types. The mailcap format is defined by RFC 1524 "A User Agent Configuration Mechanism for Multimedia Mail Format Information" but is not defined as an Internet standard. It is supported by most Unix systems. </p><p>Lines can be comments starting with the # character, or a mime-type followed by how to handle that mime type. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="mime.types">mime.types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: mime.types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An associated file is the <b>mime.types</b> file, which associates filename extensions with a <i>MIME type</i>. If the MIME type is properly set, this is unnecessary, but MIME types may be incorrectly set, or set to a generic type such as <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">application/octet-stream</code>, and <b>mime.types</b> allows one to fall back on the extension in these cases. Similarly, since many file systems do not store MIME type information, but instead rely on the filename extension, a mime.types file is frequently used by web servers to determine MIME type. </p><p>When <i>viewing</i> a file, these two work together as follows: <b><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">mime.types</code></b> associates an extension with a MIME type, while <code><a href="/wiki/Mailcap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mailcap">mailcap</a></code> associates a MIME type with a program. </p><p>In UNIX-type systems, the mime.types file is usually located at <code>/etc/<b>mime.types</b></code> and/or <code>$HOME/<b>.mime.types</b></code> and the format is simply that each line is a space-delimited list of a MIME type, followed by zero or more extensions. For example, the HTML type can be associated with the extensions <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">.htm</code> and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">.html</code> by the following line: </p> <pre>text/html htm html </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netscape_use">Netscape use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Netscape use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about Netscape.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Media_type" title="Talk:Media type">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The mime.types file dates to <a href="/wiki/Netscape_(web_browser)" title="Netscape (web browser)">Netscape</a>, where it used a different format;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it used <a href="/wiki/Attribute%E2%80%93value_pair" class="mw-redirect" title="Attribute–value pair">key–value pairs</a> and a comma-separated list of extensions, together with a <a href="/wiki/File_format#Magic_number" title="File format">standard header</a> consisting of a specific comment that identifies the file as a mime.types file, as follows: </p> <pre>#--Netscape Communications Corporation MIME Information # Do not delete the above line. It is used to identify the file type. type=text/html exts=htm,html </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Content_negotiation" title="Content negotiation">Content negotiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Content_sniffing" title="Content sniffing">Content sniffing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extension</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iana-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iana_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iana_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iana_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iana_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iana_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml">"Media Types"</a>. <i>IANA</i>. <a href="/wiki/IANA" class="mw-redirect" title="IANA">IANA</a>. 4 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2018</span>. <q>[RFC2046] specifies that Media Types (formerly known as MIME types) and Media Subtypes will be assigned and listed by the IANA.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IANA&rft.atitle=Media+Types&rft.date=2018-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iana.org%2Fassignments%2Fmedia-types%2Fmedia-types.xhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc9110section8-3-1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc9110section8-3-1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc9110section8-3-1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc9110section8-3-1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFieldingNottinghamReschke2022" class="citation cs1">Fielding, R.; Nottingham, M.; Reschke, J. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9110#section-8.3.1">"Media Type"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9110"><i>HTTP Semantics</i></a>. sec. 8.3.1. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2Frfc9110">10.17487/rfc9110</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2070-1721">2070-1721</a>. STD 97. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9110">9110</a>. <q>HTTP uses media types [RFC2046] in the Content-Type (Section 8.3) and Accept (Section 12.5.1) header fields in order to provide open and extensible data typing and type negotiation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Media+Type&rft.btitle=HTTP+Semantics&rft.pages=sec.-8.3.1&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2Frfc9110&rft.issn=2070-1721&rft.aulast=Fielding&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Nottingham%2C+M.&rft.au=Reschke%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc9110%26%23035%3Bsection-8.3.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xhtmldatatypes-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xhtmldatatypes_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xhtmldatatypes_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstraction.html#s_common_attrtypes">"4.3. Attribute Types"</a>. <i>XHTML Modularization 1.1 - Second Edition</i>. <a href="/wiki/W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a>. 2010-07-29. <q>ContentType: A media type, as per [RFC2045].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=XHTML+Modularization+1.1+-+Second+Edition&rft.atitle=4.3.+Attribute+Types&rft.date=2010-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FTR%2Fxhtml-modularization%2Fabstraction.html%23s_common_attrtypes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-whatwgterminology-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-whatwgterminology_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whatwgterminology_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHemsley" class="citation web cs1">Hemsley, Gordon P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-representation">"4.1. MIME type representation"</a>. <i>MIME Sniffing Standard</i>. <a href="/wiki/WHATWG" title="WHATWG">WHATWG</a>. <q>Standards are encouraged to consistently use the term MIME type to avoid confusion with the use of <i>media type</i> as described in <i>Media Queries</i>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MIME+Sniffing+Standard&rft.atitle=4.1.+MIME+type+representation&rft.aulast=Hemsley&rft.aufirst=Gordon+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmimesniff.spec.whatwg.org%2F%23mime-type-representation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xdgmime-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xdgmime_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xdgmime_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xdgmime_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/shared-mime-info-spec/">"shared-mime-info-spec"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">freedesktop.org</a></i>. 2023-09-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=freedesktop.org&rft.atitle=shared-mime-info-spec&rft.date=2023-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedesktop.org%2Fwiki%2FSpecifications%2Fshared-mime-info-spec%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC2045-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RFC2045_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RFC2045_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RFC2045_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreedBorenstein1996" class="citation web cs1">Freed, N.; Borenstein, N. 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Non-regular files"</a>. <i>Shared MIME Info Specification</i>. <a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">freedesktop.org</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shared+MIME+Info+Specification&rft.atitle=2.13.+Non-regular+files&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspecifications.freedesktop.org%2Fshared-mime-info-spec%2F0.21%2Far01s02.html%23id-1.3.16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://specifications.freedesktop.org/shared-mime-info-spec/0.21/ar01s02.html#id-1.3.17">"2.14 Content types for volumes"</a>. <i>Shared MIME Info Specification</i>. <a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">freedesktop.org</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shared+MIME+Info+Specification&rft.atitle=2.14+Content+types+for+volumes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspecifications.freedesktop.org%2Fshared-mime-info-spec%2F0.21%2Far01s02.html%23id-1.3.17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iconnaming-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iconnaming_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iconnaming_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://specifications.freedesktop.org/icon-naming-spec/latest/#mimetypes">"Table 10: Standard MIME type icons"</a>. <i>Icon Naming Specification</i>. <a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">freedesktop.org</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Icon+Naming+Specification&rft.atitle=Table+10%3A+Standard+MIME+type+icons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspecifications.freedesktop.org%2Ficon-naming-spec%2Flatest%2F%23mimetypes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC6838-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RFC6838_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RFC6838_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreed2013" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Freed, N. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IETF+Request+for+Comments+%28RFC%29+Pages+-+Test&rft.atitle=Media+Type+Specifications+and+Registration+Procedures&rft.volume=RFC6838&rft.date=2013-01&rft.issn=2070-1721&rft.aulast=Freed&rft.aufirst=N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc6838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/x-www-form-urlencoded">"application/x-www-form-urlencoded (registered 2014-05-14, updated 2014-05-14, updated 2020-07-14)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=application%2Fx-www-form-urlencoded+%28registered+2014-05-14%2C+updated+2014-05-14%2C+updated+2020-07-14%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iana.org%2Fassignments%2Fmedia-types%2Fapplication%2Fx-www-form-urlencoded&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKohn2001" class="citation journal cs1">Kohn, Dan (January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3023.html">"XML Media Types"</a>. <i>tools.ietf.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=tools.ietf.org&rft.atitle=XML+Media+Types&rft.date=2001-01&rft.aulast=Kohn&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc3023.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-type-structured-suffix/media-type-structured-suffix.xml">"Structured Syntax Suffix Registry"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XML)</span>. IANA. 2012-07-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Structured+Syntax+Suffix+Registry&rft.pub=IANA&rft.date=2012-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iana.org%2Fassignments%2Fmedia-type-structured-suffix%2Fmedia-type-structured-suffix.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types#jpeg">"MIME types (IANA media types) - HTTP | MDN"</a>. 18 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MIME+types+%28IANA+media+types%29+-+HTTP+%26%23124%3B+MDN&rft.date=2023-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FWeb%2FHTTP%2FBasics_of_HTTP%2FMIME_types%23jpeg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedia+type" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">WEBMASTERS: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://venus.soci.niu.edu/~archives/WEBMASTERS/nov97/0054.html">mime types</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20001207065300/http://venus.soci.niu.edu/~archives/WEBMASTERS/nov97/0054.html">Archived</a> 2000-12-07 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, John McAnally, Thu, 22 Jan 1998 15:29:29 -0600 (CST)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_type&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml">IANA list of official media types</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/mimetypes.html">The Python Standard Library | mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types/Common_types">Common MIME types</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/">Mozilla MDN</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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