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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Psalm 48:4 For behold, the kings assembled; they all advanced together.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/psalms/48-4.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/6/19_Psa_048_004.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Psalm 48:4 - Broken Bondage" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="For behold, the kings assembled; they all advanced together." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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they came on together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/psalms/48.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />For behold, the kings assembled; they all advanced together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/psalms/48.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings were assembled, they passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/psalms/48.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />For behold, the kings assembled, They passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/psalms/48.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />For, behold, the kings arrived, They passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/psalms/48.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings assembled themselves, They passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/psalms/48.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />For, lo, the kings assembled themselves, They passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/psalms/48.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />For, behold, the kings assembled themselves, They passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/psalms/48.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings assembled themselves, They [came and] passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/psalms/48.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Look! The kings assembled; they advanced together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/psalms/48.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Look! The kings assembled; they advanced together. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/psalms/48.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings assembled themselves, They passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/psalms/48.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Kings joined forces to attack the city, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/psalms/48.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings assembled themselves, they passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/psalms/48.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />The kings have gathered. They marched together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/psalms/48.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />The kings gathered together and came to attack Mount Zion. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/psalms/48.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Behold, when the kings assembled together, when they traveled together,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/psalms/48.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />For behold, the kings assembled; they all advanced together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/psalms/48.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />For look, the kings assemble; they advance together. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/psalms/48.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />For, look, the kings assembled themselves, they passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/psalms/48.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />For lo, the kings were assembled, they passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/psalms/48.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />For, behold, the kings assembled themselves, they passed by together. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/psalms/48.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />For behold, the kings met, they passed by together,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/psalms/48.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> For, lo, the kings met, they passed by together,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/psalms/48.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />For behold, the kings met together, they passed by together.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/psalms/48.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />For behold the kings of the earth assembled themselves: they gathered together. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/psalms/48.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 47:5>For behold, the kings of the earth have been gathered together; they have convened as one.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/psalms/48.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />See! The kings assembled, together they advanced. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/psalms/48.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Then the kings assembled, they came on together.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/psalms/48.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings were prepared, and they passed by together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/psalms/48.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />For behold, Kings were prepared and they passed by together<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/psalms/48.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />For, lo, the kings assembled themselves, They came onward together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/psalms/48.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />For, behold the kings of the earth were assembled, they came together.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/psalms/48-4.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/nFaD2oDhKPc?start=5642" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/psalms/48.htm">Broken Bondage</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">3</span>God is in her citadels; He has shown Himself to be a fortress. <span class="reftext">4</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî- (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">For</a> <a href="/hebrew/2009.htm" title="2009: hin·nêh (Interjection) -- Lo! behold! Prolongation for hen; lo!">behold,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·mə·lā·ḵîm (Art:: N-mp) -- King. From malak; a king.">the kings</a> <a href="/hebrew/3259.htm" title="3259: nō·w·‘ă·ḏū (V-Nifal-Perf-3cp) -- To appoint. A primitive root; to fix upon; by implication, to meet, to summon, to direct, to engage.">assembled;</a> <a href="/hebrew/5674.htm" title="5674: ‘ā·ḇə·rū (V-Qal-Perf-3cp) -- To pass over, through, or by, pass on. A primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition; specifically, to cover.">they all advanced</a> <a href="/hebrew/3162.htm" title="3162: yaḥ·dāw (Adv) -- Unitedness. From yachad; properly, a unit, i.e. unitedly.">together.</a> </span><span class="reftext">5</span>They saw and were astounded; they fled in terror.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/20-22.htm">2 Chronicles 20:22-23</a></span><br />The moment they began their shouts and praises, the LORD set ambushes against the men of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir who had come against Judah, and they were defeated. / The Ammonites and Moabites rose up against the inhabitants of Mount Seir, devoting them to destruction. And when they had finished off the inhabitants of Seir, they helped to destroy one another.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/33-18.htm">Isaiah 33:18</a></span><br />Your mind will ponder the former terror: “Where is he who tallies? Where is he who weighs? Where is he who counts the towers?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/38-9.htm">Ezekiel 38:9-11</a></span><br />You and all your troops, and many peoples with you will go up, advancing like a thunderstorm; you will be like a cloud covering the land. / This is what the Lord GOD says: On that day, thoughts will arise in your mind, and you will devise an evil plan. / You will say, ‘I will go up against a land of unwalled villages; I will come against a quiet people who dwell securely, all of them living without walls or bars or gates—<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/19-35.htm">2 Kings 19:35-37</a></span><br />And that very night the angel of the LORD went out and struck down 185,000 men in the camp of the Assyrians. When the people got up the next morning, there were all the dead bodies! / So Sennacherib king of Assyria broke camp and withdrew. He returned to Nineveh and stayed there. / One day, while he was worshiping in the temple of his god Nisroch, his sons Adrammelech and Sharezer put him to the sword and escaped to the land of Ararat. And his son Esar-haddon reigned in his place.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/37-36.htm">Isaiah 37:36-38</a></span><br />Then the angel of the LORD went out and struck down 185,000 men in the camp of the Assyrians. When the people got up the next morning, there were all the dead bodies! / So Sennacherib king of Assyria broke camp and withdrew. He returned to Nineveh and stayed there. / One day, while he was worshiping in the temple of his god Nisroch, his sons Adrammelech and Sharezer put him to the sword and escaped to the land of Ararat. And his son Esar-haddon reigned in his place.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/17-12.htm">Revelation 17:12-14</a></span><br />The ten horns you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but will receive one hour of authority as kings along with the beast. / These kings have one purpose: to yield their power and authority to the beast. / They will make war against the Lamb, and the Lamb will triumph over them, because He is Lord of lords and King of kings; and He will be accompanied by His called and chosen and faithful ones.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/19-19.htm">Revelation 19:19-21</a></span><br />Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies assembled to wage war against the One seated on the horse, and against His army. / But the beast was captured along with the false prophet, who on its behalf had performed signs deceiving those who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. Both the beast and the false prophet were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. / And the rest were killed with the sword that proceeded from the mouth of the One seated on the horse. And all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/11-40.htm">Daniel 11:40-45</a></span><br />At the time of the end, the king of the South will engage him in battle, but the king of the North will storm out against him with chariots, horsemen, and many ships, invading many countries and sweeping through them like a flood. / He will also invade the Beautiful Land, and many countries will fall. But these will be delivered from his hand: Edom, Moab, and the leaders of the Ammonites. / He will extend his power over many countries, and not even the land of Egypt will escape. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/judges/5-19.htm">Judges 5:19-21</a></span><br />Kings came and fought; then the kings of Canaan fought at Taanach by the waters of Megiddo, but they took no plunder of silver. / From the heavens the stars fought; from their courses they fought against Sisera. / The River Kishon swept them away, the ancient river, the River Kishon. March on, O my soul, in strength!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/10-6.htm">2 Samuel 10:6-8</a></span><br />When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-rehob and Zoba, as well as a thousand men from the king of Maacah and twelve thousand men from Tob. / On hearing this, David sent Joab and the entire army of mighty men. / The Ammonites marched out and arrayed themselves for battle at the entrance of the city gate, while the Arameans of Zobah and Rehob and the men of Tob and Maacah were by themselves in the open country.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/32-21.htm">2 Chronicles 32:21</a></span><br />and the LORD sent an angel who annihilated every mighty man of valor and every leader and commander in the camp of the king of Assyria. So he withdrew to his own land in disgrace. And when he entered the temple of his god, some of his own sons struck him down with the sword.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/10-8.htm">Isaiah 10:8-12</a></span><br />“Are not all my commanders kings?” he says. / “Is not Calno like Carchemish? Is not Hamath like Arpad? Is not Samaria like Damascus? / As my hand seized the idolatrous kingdoms whose images surpassed those of Jerusalem and Samaria, ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/50-41.htm">Jeremiah 50:41-43</a></span><br />Behold, an army is coming from the north; a great nation and many kings are stirred up from the ends of the earth. / They grasp the bow and spear; they are cruel and merciless. Their voice roars like the sea, and they ride upon horses, lined up like men in formation against you, O Daughter of Babylon. / The king of Babylon has heard the report, and his hands hang limp. Anguish has gripped him, pain like that of a woman in labor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/2-1.htm">Matthew 2:1-3</a></span><br />After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, / asking, “Where is the One who has been born King of the Jews? We saw His star in the east and have come to worship Him.” / When King Herod heard this, he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/21-20.htm">Luke 21:20-21</a></span><br />But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, you will know that her desolation is near. / Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains, let those in the city get out, and let those in the country stay out of the city.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">For, see, the kings were assembled, they passed by together.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/83-2.htm">Psalm 83:2-8</a></b></br> For, lo, thine enemies make a tumult: and they that hate thee have lifted up the head… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_samuel/10-6.htm">2 Samuel 10:6,14,16-19</a></b></br> And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Bethrehob, and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and of Ishtob twelve thousand men… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/7-1.htm">Isaiah 7:1</a></b></br> And it came to pass in the days of Ahaz the son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, king of Judah, <i>that</i> Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king of Israel, went up toward Jerusalem to war against it, but could not prevail against it.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/psalms/18-12.htm">Advanced</a> <a href="/psalms/25-14.htm">Agreement</a> <a href="/psalms/47-9.htm">Assembled</a> <a href="/job/36-19.htm">Forces</a> <a href="/job/41-23.htm">Joined</a> <a href="/psalms/47-9.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/psalms/44-17.htm">Met</a> <a href="/job/30-14.htm">Onward</a> <a href="/psalms/42-7.htm">Passed</a> <a href="/psalms/47-9.htm">Themselves</a> <a href="/psalms/47-9.htm">Together</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/matthew/4-21.htm">Advanced</a> <a href="/psalms/50-5.htm">Agreement</a> <a href="/psalms/59-3.htm">Assembled</a> <a href="/psalms/55-11.htm">Forces</a> <a href="/psalms/50-18.htm">Joined</a> <a href="/psalms/68-12.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/psalms/74-4.htm">Met</a> <a href="/isaiah/8-8.htm">Onward</a> <a href="/psalms/57-1.htm">Passed</a> <a href="/psalms/49-6.htm">Themselves</a> <a href="/psalms/49-2.htm">Together</a><div class="vheading2">Psalm 48</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/48-1.htm">The ornaments and privileges of the church</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/psalms/48.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/psalms/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/psalms/48.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>For behold, the kings assembled;</b><br>This phrase suggests a gathering of multiple kings, indicating a significant event or threat. In the context of ancient Israel, such assemblies often occurred during times of war or when forming alliances. The historical backdrop could be linked to various instances in the Old Testament where surrounding nations conspired against Israel, such as in <a href="/2_chronicles/20.htm">2 Chronicles 20</a>, where multiple nations came against Jehoshaphat. The assembly of kings can also symbolize the collective opposition of worldly powers against God's chosen people, reflecting the spiritual battles faced by believers.<p><b>they all advanced together.</b><br>The unity in their advance suggests a coordinated effort, emphasizing the seriousness of the threat. This could be seen as a foreshadowing of the end times, where nations will unite against God's kingdom, as described in <a href="/revelation/19-19.htm">Revelation 19:19</a>. The phrase also highlights the futility of human efforts against divine protection, as seen in the subsequent verses of the psalm where God intervenes. This can be typologically connected to Jesus Christ, who, despite opposition from earthly powers, triumphed through His resurrection, ensuring victory for His followers.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/k/kings.htm">Kings</a></b><br>The verse mentions "kings" who assembled together. These kings likely represent the rulers of various nations who come together, possibly in opposition to Jerusalem or in awe of its strength and beauty.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/j/jerusalem.htm">Jerusalem</a></b><br>While not directly mentioned in this verse, the context of <a href="/bsb/psalms/48.htm">Psalm 48</a> is centered around Jerusalem, often referred to as the city of God, which is a symbol of God's presence and protection.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/a/assembly.htm">Assembly</a></b><br>The event of the kings assembling signifies a gathering, which could imply a council or a coalition, possibly with intentions against Jerusalem.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_over_nations.htm">God's Sovereignty Over Nations</a></b><br>Despite the assembly of powerful rulers, God's sovereignty remains unchallenged. Believers can trust in God's ultimate control over world events.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_futility_of_opposing_god.htm">The Futility of Opposing God</a></b><br>The gathering of kings serves as a reminder of the futility of opposing God's will. History and scripture show that God's purposes will prevail.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/u/unity_in_the_body_of_christ.htm">Unity in the Body of Christ</a></b><br>Just as the kings assembled, believers are called to assemble in unity, not for opposition, but for the advancement of God's kingdom.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/confidence_in_god's_protection.htm">Confidence in God's Protection</a></b><br>The context of <a href="/bsb/psalms/48.htm">Psalm 48</a> assures believers of God's protection over His people. We can have confidence in His defense against any adversary.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_psalm_48.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Psalm 48</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/archeological_proof_for_psalm_68_12-14.htm">Psalm 68:12-14: Is there any archeological evidence that verifies the swift military victories depicted here?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_god_break_ships_naturally.htm">Psalm 48:7: How do we reconcile the claim that God breaks 'the ships of Tarshish with an east wind' with natural explanations for maritime disasters?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_psalm_82_1_fit_with_deut._6_4.htm">How can a 'divine council' (Psalm 82:1) fit with passages claiming there is only one God (Deuteronomy 6:4)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_to_explain_rebuilding_ezekiel_48.htm">If Ezekiel 48 is meant to be literal, how can the scientific and logistical challenges of reconstructing such a layout be explained?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/psalms/48.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(4) <span class= "bld">The kings.</span>--With the striking picture of the advance and sudden collapse of a hostile expedition that follows, comp. <a href="/context/isaiah/10-28.htm" title="He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he has laid up his carriages:">Isaiah 10:28-34</a>; possibly of the very same event.<p><span class= "bld">The kings.</span>--Evidently known to the writer, but, alas! matter of merest conjecture to us. Some suppose the kings of Ammon, Moab, and Edom, who attacked Jehoshaphat (<a href="/2_chronicles/20-25.htm" title="And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take away the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches with the dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away: and they were three days in gathering of the spoil, it was so much.">2Chronicles 20:25</a>); others, the tributary princes of Sennacherib. In his annals, as lately deciphered, this monarch speaks of setting up tributary kings or viceroys in Chaldaea, Phoenicia, and Philistia, after conquering these countries. (See <span class= "ital">Assyrian Discoveries, </span>by George Smith, p. 303.) Others again, referring the psalm to the time of Ahaz, understand Pekah and Rezin (<a href="/2_kings/15-37.htm" title="In those days the LORD began to send against Judah Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah.">2Kings 15:37</a>). The touches, vivid as they are, of the picture, are not so historically defined as to allow a settlement of the question.<p><span class= "bld">Assembled.</span>--Used of the muster of confederate forces (<a href="/joshua/11-5.htm" title="And when all these kings were met together, they came and pitched together at the waters of Merom, to fight against Israel.">Joshua 11:5</a>).<p><span class= "bld">Passed by</span><span class= "ital">--i.e., marched by. </span>So, according to the time reading, the LXX. A frequent military term (<a href="/judges/11-29.htm" title="Then the Spirit of the LORD came on Jephthah, and he passed over Gilead, and Manasseh, and passed over Mizpeh of Gilead, and from Mizpeh of Gilead he passed over to the children of Ammon.">Judges 11:29</a>; <a href="/2_kings/8-21.htm" title="So Joram went over to Zair, and all the chariots with him: and he rose by night, and smote the Edomites which compassed him about, and the captains of the chariots: and the people fled into their tents.">2Kings 8:21</a>; <a href="/isaiah/8-8.htm" title="And he shall pass through Judah; he shall overflow and go over, he shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of his wings shall fill the breadth of your land, O Immanuel.">Isaiah 8:8</a>). Others, "passed away," but it is doubtful if the verb can have this meaning. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/psalms/48.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 4.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">For lo, the kings were assembled; they passed by together</span>. Some see in these "kings" Sennacherib's princes, who, according to him (<a href="/isaiah/10-8.htm">Isaiah 10:8</a>), were "altogether kings." But actual monarchs, each leading his own army, seem rather to be intended. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/psalms/48-4.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">For</span><br /><span class="heb">כִּֽי־</span> <span class="translit">(kî-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">A relative conjunction</span><br /><br /><span class="word">behold,</span><br /><span class="heb">הִנֵּ֣ה</span> <span class="translit">(hin·nêh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Interjection<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2009.htm">Strong's 2009: </a> </span><span class="str2">Lo! behold!</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the kings</span><br /><span class="heb">הַ֭מְּלָכִים</span> <span class="translit">(ham·mə·lā·ḵîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">assembled;</span><br /><span class="heb">נֽוֹעֲד֑וּ</span> <span class="translit">(nō·w·‘ă·ḏū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3259.htm">Strong's 3259: </a> </span><span class="str2">To fix upon, to meet, to summon, to direct, to engage</span><br /><br /><span class="word">they all advanced</span><br /><span class="heb">עָבְר֥וּ</span> <span class="translit">(‘ā·ḇə·rū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5674.htm">Strong's 5674: </a> </span><span class="str2">To pass over, through, or by, pass on</span><br /><br /><span class="word">together.</span><br /><span class="heb">יַחְדָּֽו׃</span> <span class="translit">(yaḥ·dāw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3162.htm">Strong's 3162: </a> </span><span class="str2">A unit, unitedly</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/psalms/48-4.htm">Psalm 48:4 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/psalms/48-4.htm">OT Poetry: Psalm 48:4 For behold the kings assembled themselves they (Psalm Ps Psa.) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/psalms/48-3.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Psalm 48:3"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Psalm 48:3" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/psalms/48-5.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Psalm 48:5"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Psalm 48:5" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>