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searchaux" style="display:none">American mechanical engineer and inventor</div> <p><b>Wilfred Lewis</b> (October 16, 1854<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - December 29, 1929)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an American <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical engineer">mechanical engineer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inventor" class="mw-redirect" title="Inventor">inventor</a>, director for the machine tool firm <a href="/wiki/William_Sellers" title="William Sellers">William Sellers & Co</a>, and later president of the Tabor Manufacturing Company. He is known for his early work on the bending of gear teeths, and his later work on <a href="/wiki/Scientific_management" title="Scientific management">scientific management</a>. In the late 19th century Lewis had developed a bending equation, which became standard for gear design.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Lewis stress factor for <a href="/wiki/Gear" title="Gear">gears</a> is named after him. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Lewis graduated from the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> in 1875,<sup id="cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAMIT_1930-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and had spent his early career at the William Sellars and Company of Philadelphia. He had started his career as mechanic, <a href="/wiki/Draftsman" class="mw-redirect" title="Draftsman">draftsman</a>, designer and assistant engineer,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and had worked his way up to one of the director of the machine tool firm. By 1900 he moved to the Tabor Manufacturing Company in Philadelphia, PA, where he was appointed president and introduced the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_management" title="Scientific management">Taylor system of shop management</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the years Lewis was a prolific inventors, who held over 50 patents. In his later life he became promoter of the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_management" title="Scientific management">Scientific management</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAMIT_1930-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lewis was vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Mechanical_Engineers" title="American Society of Mechanical Engineers">American Society of Mechanical Engineers</a> from 1901 to 1903.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1910-12 Lewis was also one of the founding members of the <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Society" title="Taylor Society">Taylor Society</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later its president.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAMIT_1930-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lewis was a recipient of the <a href="/wiki/ASME_Medal" title="ASME Medal">ASME Medal</a> from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-asme_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asme-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lewis died a sudden death at sea in 1929 from <a href="/wiki/Apoplexy" title="Apoplexy">apoplexy</a> near Egypt, and was buried at sea. Lewis had been taking a trip around the world after he had attended the World Engineering Congress of 1929 in Tokyo, Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAMIT_1930-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lewis had been married to Emily Sargent Lewis, a poet and <a href="/wiki/Suffragette" title="Suffragette">suffragette</a>, and they had five children.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work">Work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lewis_and_Scientific_management">Lewis and Scientific management</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lewis and Scientific management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lewis was a boyhood friend of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Winslow_Taylor" title="Frederick Winslow Taylor">Frederick Winslow Taylor</a>, participated in the development of Taylor's work since the late 19th century, and became a promoter of <a href="/wiki/Scientific_management" title="Scientific management">scientific management</a> in the first decennia of the 20th century. Taylor himself had developed his system of management at the Midvale Steel company. Afterwards he had introduced his system among others in the shops of the William Sellers and Company machine tool firm, sponsored by William Sellers himself, but this collapsed when Sellers retired.<sup id="cite_ref-JAM_1980_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAM_1980-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As one of its directors Lewis had become acquainted with Taylor's system, but this didn't make a lasting impression. About their further interaction Merkle (1980) summarized: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Planning_department_bulletin_board,_1911.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Planning_department_bulletin_board%2C_1911.jpg/220px-Planning_department_bulletin_board%2C_1911.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Planning_department_bulletin_board%2C_1911.jpg/330px-Planning_department_bulletin_board%2C_1911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Planning_department_bulletin_board%2C_1911.jpg/440px-Planning_department_bulletin_board%2C_1911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="474" /></a><figcaption>Planning department bulletin board at the Tabor manufacturing company, 1911</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd>"...The two great showcases of Scientific Management, Tabor and Link-Belt, were not originally converted to Taylorism on the grounds of rational inquiry. Although after the Scientific Management fad had begun, the example of these two companies helped to convert other businesses to Taylorite organization, Taylorism was accepted at the Tabor Manufacturing Company as part of a debt, and at Link-Belt as part of the ideological conversion of one of Taylor's personal friends. Wilfred Lewis, a boyhood friend of Taylor, who had risen from draftsman at Sellers to become a mechanical engineer, had come to be one of the heads of the Tabor company. Shortly after 1900, Tabor started to lose money, and the process was accelerated by a series of strikes. With the new, higher wages, other companies were producing the same product at a lower cost, and the company went from selling stock to outright borrowing. Lewis went to his friends for money, among them Taylor. "Use my system," said Taylor, in effect, "or you shall have no money." In desperation, Lewis accepted, in spite of the fact that the genteel inhabitants of Philadelphia considered his friend a management crank. Straightaway, Barth, and then Taylor himself descended upon the Tabor plant, where they created the first showplace of Scientific Management..."<sup id="cite_ref-JAM_1980_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAM_1980-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Over the years Wilfred Lewis became strong believer and promoter of scientific management. About one of his latest stands, Kyle and Nyland (1993) summarized:<sup id="cite_ref-KN_1993_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KN_1993-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>"In December 1927 the industrialist Wilfred Lewis delivered a paper to the Taylor Society in which he lauded the achievements of the scientific management movement. Lewis claimed the four key objectives of the movement had become the reduction of costs, the raising of wages, the encouragement of collaboration between employers and employees and the full employment of workers and machinery. The extent to which these objectives were being attained, he concluded, enabled the people of "America to look forward hopefully to the future" (Lewis 1927, 557)."<sup id="cite_ref-KN_1993_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KN_1993-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>About the response Kyle and Nyland (1993) summarized: </p> <dl><dd>"The response to Lewis' paper indicated that not all members of the Taylor Society shared his optimism. While he was praised by some commentators, his suggestion that there was wide acceptance amongst employers of the positive value of high wages was challenged. It was also observed that his belief the good times were "practically certain to continue .... is an assumption which may well be questioned" (Muste 1928, 47)"<sup id="cite_ref-KN_1993_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KN_1993-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_publications">Selected publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wilfred Lewis. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/machinemolding00lewi?ref=ol#page/n3/mode/2up">Machine Molding</a>.</i> Tabor Manufacturing Company, 1911.</li></ul> <p>Articles, a selection </p> <ul><li>Lewis W. "Investigation of the Strength of Gear Teeth." <i>Proceedings of the Engineers Club, Philadelphia,</i> 1893.</li> <li>Wilfred Lewis. "Interchangeable Involute Gear Tooth Systems." <i>Journal A.S.M.E.</i> 1501–20. Flanders, R. E. 1910. Am. Mach., Dec. 1910, p. 1064, and Machinery, Jan. 1911, p. 307-14</li> <li>Wilfred Lewis. "An Object Lesson in Efficiency, the History of a plant for Which Scientific Management Spelled the Difference Between Success and Failure," <i>Industrial Engineering and the Engineering Digest,</i> 1911.</li> <li>Lewis, Wilfred 1914, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/scientificmanage00thomuoft#page/232/mode/2up">An Object Lesson in Efficiency</a>." in: <i>Scientific Management,</i> edited by C.B. Thompson, Cambridge, ma: Harvard University Press. p. 233-241</li> <li>Lewis, Wilfred (1927) "Master Planks in the American Industrial Program," <i>Bulletin of the Taylor Society</i>, 12(6), pp 555 – 557.</li></ul> <p>Patents, a selection </p> <ul><li>Patent US512198 - Or boring machines, 1894</li> <li>Patent US668718 - Lathe, 1900</li> <li>Patent US780512 - Saw-tooth gage, 1905</li> <li>Patent US1438184 - Fastening device for removable cutter blades, 1922</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfred Rudulph Justice. <i>Descendants of Robert Taylor, one of the colonizers and early settlers of Pennsylvania under William Penn, with special reference to the descendants of his son Isaac, and his daughters, Rachel Livesey and Mary Lewis.</i> A. P. Justice and J. W. Taylor, 1925. p. 66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Buchheim, Gisela und Rolf Sonnenmann. <i>Geschichte der Technikwissenschaften</i> 2013. p. 362</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aziz, Ismail Ali Abdul, Daing Mohamad Nafiz Daing Idris, and Wafiuddin Mohd Ghazali. "Investigating bending strength of spur gear: A review." MATEC Web of Conferences. Vol. 90. EDP Sciences, 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAAMIT_1930-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAAMIT_1930_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Association of Alumni and Alumnae of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, "Wilfred Lewis: 1854-1929" in: <i>Technology Review,</i> Vol. 32. 1930. p. 204</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carl W. Hall (2008), <i>A Biographical Dictionary of People in Engineering.</i> p. 133</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/wiki/Horace_Bookwalter_Drury" title="Horace Bookwalter Drury">Horace Bookwalter Drury</a>. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/scientificmanag00druruoft#page/144/mode/2up">Scientific management; a history and criticism</a></i>. 2d ed., rev. Published 1918 by Columbia university in New York. p. 144-146</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce Sinclair, James P. Hull. <i>A Centennial History of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1880-1980.</i> American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1980. p. 236.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Bulletin of the Taylor Society,</i> Vol. IX, No. 3, 1924. p. 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-asme-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-asme_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/achievement-awards/asme-medal">"ASME Medal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Mechanical_Engineers" title="American Society of Mechanical Engineers">American Society of Mechanical Engineers</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASME+Medal&rft.pub=American+Society+of+Mechanical+Engineers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asme.org%2Fabout-asme%2Fhonors-awards%2Fachievement-awards%2Fasme-medal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilfred+Lewis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.obscurepoetess.klsparrow.com/1910-1919/emily-sargent-lewis">Emily Sargent Lewis</a> obscurepoetess.klsparrow.com. Accessed 29-08-2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JAM_1980-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JAM_1980_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JAM_1980_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Judith A. Merkle. <i>Management and Ideology: The Legacy of the International Scientific Management Movement.</i> University of California Press, 1980. p. 56-57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KN_1993-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KN_1993_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KN_1993_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KN_1993_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce, Kyle, and Chris Nyland. "Scientific management and market stabilisation, 1914-1930." (1993).</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.engineersedge.com/gears/lewis-factor.htm">Lewsi Factor Equation for Gear Teeth</a> webpage at engineersedge.com</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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Carlson">Hjalmar G. Carlson</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._Halsey" title="Frederick A. Halsey">Frederick A. Halsey</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/John_R._Freeman" class="mw-redirect" title="John R. Freeman">John R. Freeman</a></li> <li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Robert Andrews Millikan</a></li> <li>1927: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilfred Lewis</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/Julian_Kennedy" title="Julian Kennedy">Julian Kennedy</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/W._L._R._Emmet" class="mw-redirect" title="W. L. R. Emmet">W. L. R. Emmet</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Kingsbury" title="Albert Kingsbury">Albert Kingsbury</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Swasey" title="Ambrose Swasey">Ambrose Swasey</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/Willis_Carrier" title="Willis Carrier">Willis Carrier</a></li> <li>1935: <a href="/wiki/Charles_T._Main" title="Charles T. Main">Charles T. Main</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bausch" title="Edward Bausch">Edward Bausch</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/Edward_P._Bullard_Jr." title="Edward P. Bullard Jr.">Edward P. Bullard Jr.</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_J._Pigott" title="Stephen J. Pigott">Stephen J. Pigott</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/James_E._Gleason" title="James E. Gleason">James E. Gleason</a></li> <li>1940: <a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Kettering" title="Charles F. Kettering">Charles F. Kettering</a></li> <li>1941: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_von_K%C3%A1rm%C3%A1n" title="Theodore von Kármán">Theodore von Kármán</a></li> <li>1942: <a href="/wiki/Ervin_G._Bailey" title="Ervin G. Bailey">Ervin G. Bailey</a></li> <li>1943: <a href="/wiki/Lewis_K._Sillcox" title="Lewis K. Sillcox">Lewis K. Sillcox</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Budd" title="Edward G. Budd">Edward G. Budd</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/William_F._Durand" title="William F. Durand">William F. Durand</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/Morris_E._Leeds" title="Morris E. Leeds">Morris E. Leeds</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/Paul_W._Kiefer" title="Paul W. Kiefer">Paul W. Kiefer</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_G._Keyes" title="Frederick G. Keyes">Frederick G. Keyes</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/Fred_L._Dornbrook" title="Fred L. Dornbrook">Fred L. Dornbrook</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/Harvey_C._Knowles" title="Harvey C. Knowles">Harvey C. Knowles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1951: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_B._Warren" title="Glenn B. Warren">Glenn B. Warren</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Nevin_E._Funk" title="Nevin E. Funk">Nevin E. Funk</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/Crosby_Field" title="Crosby Field">Crosby Field</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/E._Burnley_Powell" title="E. Burnley Powell">E. Burnley Powell</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Granville_M._Read" title="Granville M. Read">Granville M. Read</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Vickers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry F. Vickers">Harry F. Vickers</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Llewellyn_M._K._Boelter" title="Llewellyn M. K. Boelter">Llewellyn M. K. Boelter</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Wilbur_H._Armacost" title="Wilbur H. Armacost">Wilbur H. Armacost</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Frisch" title="Martin Frisch">Martin Frisch</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/C._Richard_Soderberg" class="mw-redirect" title="C. Richard Soderberg">C. Richard Soderberg</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Sporn" title="Philip Sporn">Philip Sporn</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Igor_I._Sikorsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Igor I. Sikorsky">Igor I. Sikorsky</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Alan_Howard_(engineer)" title="Alan Howard (engineer)">Alan Howard</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Jan_Burgers" title="Jan Burgers">Jan Burgers</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Mayo_D._Hersey" title="Mayo D. Hersey">Mayo D. Hersey</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel C. Collins">Samuel C. Collins</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_H._Donnell" title="Lloyd H. Donnell">Lloyd H. Donnell</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Gilruth" title="Robert R. Gilruth">Robert R. Gilruth</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Smart_Beattie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horace Smart Beattie (page does not exist)">Horace Smart Beattie</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Waloddi_Weibull" title="Waloddi Weibull">Waloddi Weibull</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr." title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr.">Christopher C. Kraft Jr.</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_J._Hoff" title="Nicholas J. Hoff">Nicholas J. Hoff</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Maxime_A._Faget" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxime A. Faget">Maxime A. Faget</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_D._Mindlin" title="Raymond D. Mindlin">Raymond D. Mindlin</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Mann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert W. Mann (page does not exist)">Robert W. Mann</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Pieter_Den_Hartog" title="Jacob Pieter Den Hartog">Jacob P. Den Hartog</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Soichiro_Honda" title="Soichiro Honda">Soichiro Honda</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_S._Hahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert S. Hahn (page does not exist)">Robert S. Hahn</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_N._Binns_Sr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack N. Binns Sr. (page does not exist)">Jack N. Binns Sr.</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Cohen_(Deputy_NASA_administrator)" title="Aaron Cohen (Deputy NASA administrator)">Aaron Cohen</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milton_C._Shaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milton C. Shaw (page does not exist)">Milton C. Shaw</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orlan_W._Boston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orlan W. Boston (page does not exist)">Orlan W. Boston</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Philip_G._Hodge" title="Philip G. Hodge">Philip G. Hodge</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Reissner" title="Eric Reissner">Eric Reissner</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/William_R._Sears" title="William R. Sears">William R. Sears</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Harley_A._Wilhelm" title="Harley A. Wilhelm">Harley A. Wilhelm</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Drucker" title="Daniel C. Drucker">Daniel C. Drucker</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Gallagher" title="Richard H. Gallagher">Richard H. Gallagher</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_C._Dean_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert C. Dean Jr. (page does not exist)">Robert C. Dean Jr.</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Budiansky" title="Bernard Budiansky">Bernard Budiansky</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Kreith" title="Frank Kreith">Frank Kreith</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/H._Norman_Abramson" title="H. Norman Abramson">H. Norman Abramson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_E._Bergles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur E. Bergles (page does not exist)">Arthur E. Bergles</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Warren_M._Rohsenow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warren M. Rohsenow (page does not exist)">Warren M. Rohsenow</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Leroy_S._Fletcher" title="Leroy S. Fletcher">Leroy S. Fletcher</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Norman_R._Augustine" title="Norman R. Augustine">Norman R. Augustine</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Bradford_W._Parkinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Bradford W. Parkinson">Bradford W. Parkinson</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_E._Uhrig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert E. Uhrig (page does not exist)">Robert E. Uhrig</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_J._Goldstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard J. Goldstein (page does not exist)">Richard J. Goldstein</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Dean_L._Kamen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean L. Kamen">Dean L. Kamen</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_E._Talke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank E. Talke (page does not exist)">Frank E. Talke</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Suh_Nam-pyo" title="Suh Nam-pyo">Nam-pyo Suh</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/John_Abele" title="John Abele">John Abele</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/C._Daniel_Mote,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="C. Daniel Mote, Jr.">C. Daniel Mote, Jr.</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Jan_D._Achenbach" title="Jan D. Achenbach">Jan D. Achenbach</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siavouche_Nemat-Nasser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siavouche Nemat-Nasser (page does not exist)">Siavouche Nemat-Nasser</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Van_C._Mow" title="Van C. Mow">Van C. Mow</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/James_R._Rice" title="James R. Rice">James R. Rice</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/J._N._Reddy_(engineer)" title="J. N. Reddy (engineer)">J. N. Reddy</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zd%C4%9Bnek_P._Ba%C5%BEant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zděnek P. Bažant (page does not exist)">Zděnek P. Bažant</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_J.R._Hughes" title="Thomas J.R. Hughes">Thomas J.R. Hughes</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Reginald_I._Vachon" title="Reginald I. Vachon">Reginald I. Vachon</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Subra_Suresh" title="Subra Suresh">Subra Suresh</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pol_D._Spanos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pol D. Spanos (page does not exist)">Pol D. Spanos</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Katepalli_R._Sreenivasan" class="mw-redirect" title="Katepalli R. Sreenivasan">Katepalli R. Sreenivasan</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Huajian_Gao" title="Huajian Gao">Huajian Gao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&oldid=1218688260">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Lewis&oldid=1218688260</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1854_births" title="Category:1854 births">1854 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1929_deaths" title="Category:1929 deaths">1929 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_mechanical_engineers" title="Category:American mechanical engineers">American mechanical engineers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_alumni" title="Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni">Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Engineers_from_Philadelphia" title="Category:Engineers from Philadelphia">Engineers from Philadelphia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:ASME_Medal_recipients" title="Category:ASME Medal recipients">ASME Medal recipients</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_who_died_at_sea" title="Category:People who died at sea">People who died at sea</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 April 2024, at 05:56<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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