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class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&returntoquery=oldid%3D3766011" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&returntoquery=oldid%3D3766011" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" 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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&returntoquery=oldid%3D3766011" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&returntoquery=oldid%3D3766011" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Estructura_i_organització" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estructura_i_organització"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Estructura i organització</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estructura_i_organització-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funcions_dels_fosfolípids" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funcions_dels_fosfolípids"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Funcions dels fosfolípids</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funcions_dels_fosfolípids-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fosfolípid</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 61 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="دهن فسفوري - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دهن فسفوري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Фосфолипид - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фосфолипид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="ফসফোলিপিড - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফসফোলিপিড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%95%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%86%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="چەوریی فۆسفۆری - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چەوریی فۆسفۆری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipide" title="Phospholipide - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phospholipide" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%83%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Φωσφολιπίδια - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φωσφολιπίδια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipid" title="Phospholipid - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phospholipid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipido" title="Fosfolipido - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fosfolipido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpido" title="Fosfolípido - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fosfolípido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipiidid" title="Fosfolipiidid - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fosfolipiidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipido" title="Fosfolipido - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fosfolipido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="فسفولیپید - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فسفولیپید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipidi" title="Fosfolipidi - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fosfolipidi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoacylglyc%C3%A9rol" title="Phosphoacylglycérol - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phosphoacylglycérol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfailipid" title="Fosfailipid - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fosfailipid" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpido" title="Fosfolípido - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fosfolípido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%93" title="פוספוליפיד - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פוספוליפיד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipidi" title="Fosfolipidi - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fosfolipidi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foszfolipidek" title="Foszfolipidek - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Foszfolipidek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%B8%D5%BD%D6%86%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A4" title="Ֆոսֆոլիպիդ - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆոսֆոլիպիդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C3%B3l%C3%ADpi%C3%B0" title="Fosfólípið - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fosfólípið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipide" title="Fosfolipide - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fosfolipide" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E8%84%82%E8%B3%AA" title="リン脂質 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リン脂質" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ფოსფოლიპიდები - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფოსფოლიპიდები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Фосфолипидтер - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фосфолипидтер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EC%A7%80%EC%A7%88" title="인지질 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인지질" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipidum" title="Phospholipidum - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phospholipidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipid" title="Phospholipid - luxemburguès" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Phospholipid" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipidai" title="Fosfolipidai - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fosfolipidai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolip%C4%ABdi" title="Fosfolipīdi - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fosfolipīdi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Фосфолипид - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фосфолипид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipide" title="Fosfolipide - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fosfolipide" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipidy" title="Fosfolipidy - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fosfolipidy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpido" title="Fosfolípido - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fosfolípido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid%C4%83" title="Fosfolipidă - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fosfolipidă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Фосфолипиды - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фосфолипиды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipid" title="Phospholipid - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Phospholipid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipidet" title="Fosfolipidet - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fosfolipidet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fosfolipid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பாஸ்போகொழுமியம் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாஸ்போகொழுமியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="ฟอสโฟลิพิด - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟอสโฟลิพิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipit" title="Fosfolipit - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fosfolipit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Фосфоліпіди - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фосфоліпіди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfolipidlar" title="Fosfolipidlar - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fosfolipidlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipid" title="Phospholipid - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phospholipid" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E8%84%82" title="磷脂 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="磷脂" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E8%84%82" title="磷脂 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="磷脂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E8%84%82" title="磷脂 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="磷脂" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186915#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpid"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&action=edit&oldid=3766011" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Fosfol%C3%ADpid" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Fosfol%C3%ADpid" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&oldid=3766011" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&id=3766011&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DFosfol%25C3%25ADpid%26oldid%3D3766011"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DFosfol%25C3%25ADpid%26oldid%3D3766011"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Fosfol%C3%ADpid"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phospholipids" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q186915" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info">Aquesta és una <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:P%C3%A0gina_d%27historial" class="mw-redirect" title="Ajuda:Pàgina d'historial">versió anterior</a> d'aquesta pàgina, de data 18:53, 25 maig 2009 amb l'última edició de <a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions/80.103.160.210" class="mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink" title="Especial:Contribucions/80.103.160.210" data-mw-revid="3766011"><bdi>80.103.160.210</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Usuari_Discussi%C3%B3:80.103.160.210&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Usuari Discussió:80.103.160.210 (encara no existeix)">discussió</a>)</span>. Pot tenir inexactituds o contingut no apropiat no present en la <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpid">versió actual</a></span>.</div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&diff=prev&oldid=3766011" title="Fosfolípid">dif.</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&direction=prev&oldid=3766011" title="Fosfolípid">←la pròxima versió més antiga</a> | <a href="/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpid" title="Fosfolípid">vegeu la versió actual</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&diff=cur&oldid=3766011" title="Fosfolípid">dif.</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&direction=next&oldid=3766011" title="Fosfolípid">Versió més nova →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfol%C3%ADpid&diff=next&oldid=3766011" title="Fosfolípid">dif.</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Phospholipid_structure.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Phospholipid_structure.png" decoding="async" width="228" height="305" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption>Figura 1.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png/250px-Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png/375px-Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png/500px-Lipid_bilayer_and_micelle.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption>Figura 2.</figcaption></figure> <p>Els fosfolípids són un tipus de <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADpid" title="Lípid">lípids</a> iònics, compostos per l'esterificació de <a href="/wiki/Glicerol" title="Glicerol">glicerol</a>, amb dos <a href="/wiki/%C3%80cid_gras" title="Àcid gras">àcids grassos</a> (1,2-diacilglicerol) i un grup <a href="/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat">fosfat</a>. El grup fosfat s'unix per mitjà d'un enllaç fosfodiéster a un altre grup d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%80tom" title="Àtom">àtoms</a>, que sovint contenen <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a>, com ara la <a href="/wiki/Colina" title="Colina">colina</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Serina" title="Serina">serina</a> o l'<a href="/wiki/Etanolamina" title="Etanolamina">etanolamina</a> i sovint posseïxen <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A0rrega_el%C3%A8ctrica" title="Càrrega elèctrica">càrrega elèctrica</a>. Totes les membranes actives de les cèl·lules posseïxen una <a href="/wiki/Bicapa_lip%C3%ADdica" title="Bicapa lipídica">capa doble de fosfolípids</a>. </p><p>Els fosfolípids més coneguts són la <a href="/wiki/Fosfatidiletanolamina" title="Fosfatidiletanolamina">fosfatidiletanolamina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fosfatidilinositol" title="Fosfatidilinositol">fosfatidilinositol</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%80cid_fosfat%C3%ADdic" title="Àcid fosfatídic">àcid fosfatídic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fosfatidilcolina" title="Fosfatidilcolina">fosfatidilcolina</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fosfatidilserina" title="Fosfatidilserina">fosfatidilserina</a>. Els fosfolípids també estan presents en la <a href="/wiki/Lecitina" title="Lecitina">lecitina</a> en un 50% aproximadament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estructura_i_organització"><span id="Estructura_i_organitzaci.C3.B3"></span>Estructura i organització</h2></div> <ul><li>En la figura 1 es pot observar l'estructura bàsica d'un fosfolípid. Consistix en d'un cap <a href="/wiki/Polar" class="mw-disambig" title="Polar">polar</a> (P) i una cua <a href="/w/index.php?title=No_polar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="No polar (encara no existeix)">no polar</a> (I per a impolar). El lípid que es mostra és un fosfolípid de dues cues. La imatge de l'esquerra representa una versió augmentada de la imatge més esquemàtica de la dreta, que serà utilitzada des d'ara per a representar als lípids amb una, dos o tres cadenes.</li> <li>En condicions natuarals els fosfolípids s'autoorganitzen guiats per forces <a href="/wiki/Hidrof%C3%ADliques" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hidrofíliques">hidrofíliques</a> i <a href="/wiki/Hidrof%C3%B2biques" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrofòbiques">hidrofòbiques</a> (figura 2), les cues no polars dels fosfolípids (U) tendixen a ajuntar-se, formant una doble capa lipídica (1) o una <a href="/wiki/Micel%C2%B7la" title="Micel·la">micel·la</a> (2). Els caps polars (P) es dirigixen cap al medi aquós.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funcions_dels_fosfolípids"><span id="Funcions_dels_fosfol.C3.ADpids"></span>Funcions dels fosfolípids</h2></div> <ul><li>Component estructural de la membrana cel·lular : El caràcter <a href="/wiki/Amfip%C3%A0tic" class="mw-redirect" title="Amfipàtic">amfipàtic</a> dels fosfolípids els permet el seu autoassociació a través d'interaccions hidrofòbiques entre les porcions d'àcid gras de cadena llarga de molècules adjacents de tal forma que els caps polars es projecten fora, cap a l'aigua on poden interaccionar amb les molècules proteiques i la cua apolar es projecta cap a l'interior de la bicapa lipídica.</li> <li>Activació d'<a href="/wiki/Enzim" title="Enzim">enzims</a>: Els fosfolípids participen com a segons missatgers en la transmissió d'expulsions de gas a l'interior de la cèl·lula com el <a href="/wiki/Diacilglicerol" class="mw-redirect" title="Diacilglicerol">diacilglicerol</a> o la <a href="/wiki/Fosfatidilcolina" title="Fosfatidilcolina">fosfatidilcolina</a> que activa a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Betahidroxibutirat_deshidrogenasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betahidroxibutirat deshidrogenasa (encara no existeix)">betahidroxibutirat deshidrogenasa</a> que és un enzim <a href="/wiki/Mitocondri" title="Mitocondri">mitocondrial</a>.</li> <li>Components del surfactant pulmonar: El funcionament normal del <a href="/wiki/Pulm%C3%B3" title="Pulmó">pulmó</a> requerix de l'aport constant d'un fosfolípid poc comú denominat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipalmito%C3%ADlfosfatidilcolina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipalmitoílfosfatidilcolina (encara no existeix)">dipalmitoílfosfatidilcolina</a>. Este fosfolípid tensioactiu és produït per les cèl·lules epitelials del tipus II i impedix l'atelectasia al final de la fase d'<a href="/wiki/Espiraci%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Espiració">espiració</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Respiraci%C3%B3" title="Respiració">respiració</a>.</li> <li>Component detergent de la <a href="/wiki/Bilis" title="Bilis">bilis</a>: Els fosfolípids, i sobretot la fosfatidilcolina de la bilis, solubilitzen el <a href="/wiki/Colesterol" title="Colesterol">colesterol</a>. Una disminució en la producció de fosfolípid i de la seua secreció a la bilis provoca la formació de càlculs biliars de colesterol i pigments biliars.</li> <li>Síntesi de substàncies de senyalització cel·lular: El fosfatidinol i la fosfatidilcolina actuen com a donadors d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%80cid_araquid%C3%B2nic" title="Àcid araquidònic">àcid araquidònic</a> per a la síntesi de <a href="/wiki/Prostaglandina" title="Prostaglandina">prostaglandines</a>, tromboxans, leucotriens i <a href="/wiki/Compost" title="Compost">compostos</a> relacionats..</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fosfolípid&oldid=3766011">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fosfolípid&oldid=3766011</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:L%C3%ADpids" title="Categoria:Lípids">Lípids</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 25 maig 2009 a les 18:53.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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