CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929) - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6b378a0e-8e65-40a4-a6f6-b3e6cc9a3bf6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Waldorf-Astoria_(1893–1929)","wgTitle":"Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929)","wgCurRevisionId":1258627985,"wgRevisionId":1258627985,"wgArticleId":44961573,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Good articles","Use mdy dates from October 2015","Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata","Source attribution","CS1: long volume value","All articles with self-published sources","Articles with self-published sources from December 2017","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata", "Pages using the Kartographer extension","Waldorf Astoria New York","1893 establishments in New York (state)","Hotels established in 1893","Buildings and structures demolished in 1929","Astor family","Defunct hotels in Manhattan","Fifth Avenue","Midtown Manhattan","1929 disestablishments in New York (state)","Demolished buildings and structures in Manhattan","Demolished hotels in New York City","34th Street (Manhattan)","Upper class culture in New York City"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Waldorf-Astoria_(1893–1929)","wgRelevantArticleId":44961573,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en", "pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":40.748333333333335,"lon":-73.98555555555555},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q18749268","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading", "ext.kartographer.style":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.kartographer.staticframe","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming", "ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.6"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg/1200px-The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="670"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg/800px-The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="447"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg/640px-The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="358"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929) - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Waldorf-Astoria_1893–1929 rootpage-Waldorf-Astoria_1893–1929 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Waldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Waldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Waldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Waldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Background-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Background subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opening_and_early_years_of_the_Waldorf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opening_and_early_years_of_the_Waldorf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Opening and early years of the Waldorf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opening_and_early_years_of_the_Waldorf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opening_of_the_Astoria_and_consolidation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opening_of_the_Astoria_and_consolidation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Opening of the Astoria and consolidation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opening_of_the_Astoria_and_consolidation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Society</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Architecture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Waldorf_Hotel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waldorf_Hotel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Waldorf Hotel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waldorf_Hotel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Astoria_Hotel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Astoria_Hotel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Astoria Hotel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Astoria_Hotel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sources-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sources subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 5 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">5 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria" title="Waldorf-Astoria – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Waldorf-Astoria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf%E2%80%93Astoria_(1893)" title="Waldorf–Astoria (1893) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Waldorf–Astoria (1893)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A3-%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_(1893%E2%80%931929)" title="מלון וולדורף-אסטוריה (1893–1929) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלון וולדורף-אסטוריה (1893–1929)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="والدورف استوريا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="والدورف استوريا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf%E2%80%93Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)" title="Waldorf–Astoria (1893–1929) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Waldorf–Astoria (1893–1929)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18749268#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&oldid=1258627985" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Waldorf-Astoria_%281893%E2%80%931929%29&id=1258627985&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWaldorf-Astoria_%281893%25E2%2580%25931929%29"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWaldorf-Astoria_%281893%25E2%2580%25931929%29"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Waldorf-Astoria_%281893%E2%80%931929%29&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Waldorf-Astoria_(1893-1929)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18749268" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&params=40_44_54_N_73_59_08_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°44′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°59′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.74833°N 73.98556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.74833; -73.98556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former hotel in Manhattan, New York</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the original Waldorf Astoria hotel buildings and contains historical and architectural details related to it. For details of the current hotel built in 1931 and its architecture, see <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Waldorf-Astoria (disambiguation)">Waldorf-Astoria (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Waldorf-Astoria</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels,_New_York_City_c1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg/250px-The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg/375px-The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg/500px-The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1466" data-file-height="819" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">Engraved vignettes of the original hotels c. 1915</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_b9bd3ebadf655b723c18159e06931dbf5077250f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Waldorf-Astoria_%281893%E2%80%931929%29&revid=1258627985&groups=_b9bd3ebadf655b723c18159e06931dbf5077250f" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Waldorf-Astoria_%281893%E2%80%931929%29&revid=1258627985&groups=_b9bd3ebadf655b723c18159e06931dbf5077250f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Demolished</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Hotel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival_architecture" title="Renaissance Revival architecture">Renaissance Revival architecture</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">5th Avenue and West 34th Street</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Town or city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> (<a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>1893 (Waldorf)</li> <li>1897 (Astoria)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Demolished</th><td class="infobox-data">1929 (the <a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a> replaced the buildings on the same site, while the <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a> was rebuilt at another location)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cost</th><td class="infobox-data">$4.5 million ($126 million in 2017)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Technical details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">226 feet (69 m) (Waldorf), 269 feet (82 m) (Astoria)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Floor count</th><td class="infobox-data">13 (Waldorf), 16 (Astoria)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Design and construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh" title="Henry Janeway Hardenbergh">Henry Janeway Hardenbergh</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Waldorf-Astoria</b> originated as two <a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">hotels</a>, built side by side by feuding relatives, on <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, United States. Built in 1893 and expanded in 1897, the hotels were razed in 1929 to make way for construction of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a>. Their successor, the current <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a>, was built on <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a> in 1931. </p><p>The original Waldorf Hotel opened on March 13, 1893, at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 33rd Street, on the site where millionaire developer <a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor" title="William Waldorf Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a> had previously built his mansion. Constructed in the <a href="/wiki/German_Renaissance#Architecture" title="German Renaissance">German Renaissance</a> style by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh" title="Henry Janeway Hardenbergh">Henry Janeway Hardenbergh</a>, it stood 225 feet (69 m) high, with fifteen public rooms and 450 guest rooms, and a further 100 rooms allocated to servants, with laundry facilities on the upper floors. It was heavily furnished with antiques purchased by founding manager and president <a href="/wiki/George_Boldt" title="George Boldt">George Boldt</a> and his wife during an 1892 visit to Europe. The Empire Room was the largest and most lavishly adorned room in the Waldorf, and soon after opening it became one of the best restaurants in New York, rivaling <a href="/wiki/Delmonico%27s" title="Delmonico's">Delmonico's</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Sherry-Netherland" title="The Sherry-Netherland">Sherry's</a>. </p><p>The Astoria Hotel opened in 1897 on the southwest corner of Fifth Avenue and 34th Street, next door to the Waldorf. It was also designed in the German Renaissance style by Hardenbergh, at a height of about 270 feet (82 m), with sixteen stories, twenty-five public rooms and 550 guest rooms. The ballroom, in the <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_style" title="Louis XIV style">Louis XIV style</a>, has been described as the "<i><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_de_r%C3%A9sistance" title="Pièce de résistance">pièce de résistance</a></i>" of the hotel, with a capacity to seat 700 at banquets and 1,200 at concerts. The Astor Dining Room was faithfully reproduced from the original dining room of the mansion which once stood on the site. </p><p>Connected by the 300 metres (980 ft) long corridor, known as "Peacock Alley" after the merger in 1897, the hotel had 1,300 bedrooms, making it the largest hotel in the world at the time. It was designed specifically to cater to the needs of socially prominent "wealthy upper crust" of New York and distinguished foreign visitors to the city. It was the first hotel to offer electricity and private bathrooms throughout. The Waldorf gained world renown for its fundraising dinners and balls, as did its celebrity <i><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtre_d%27h%C3%B4tel" title="Maître d'hôtel">maître d'hôtel</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Tschirky" title="Oscar Tschirky">Oscar Tschirky</a>, known as "Oscar of the Waldorf". Tschirky authored <i>The Cookbook by Oscar of The Waldorf</i> (1896), a 900-page book featuring recipes that remain popular worldwide today. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession,_NYC,_8_Aug_1885.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession%2C_NYC%2C_8_Aug_1885.png/220px-Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession%2C_NYC%2C_8_Aug_1885.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession%2C_NYC%2C_8_Aug_1885.png/330px-Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession%2C_NYC%2C_8_Aug_1885.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession%2C_NYC%2C_8_Aug_1885.png/440px-Ulysses_S._Grant%27s_funeral_procession%2C_NYC%2C_8_Aug_1885.png 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption>Fifth Avenue and 33rd Street (1885). On the right hand side are the residences of John Jacob and William B. Astor. The homes were later razed to build the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opening_and_early_years_of_the_Waldorf">Opening and early years of the Waldorf</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Opening and early years of the Waldorf"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1799, John Thompson bought a 20-acre (8 ha) tract of land roughly bounded by <a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a>, 36th Street, <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Avenue" title="Sixth Avenue">Sixth Avenue</a>, and 33rd Street, immediately north of the <a href="/wiki/Caspar_Samler_farm" title="Caspar Samler farm">Caspar Samler farm</a>, for (US$2400) £482 10s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19315_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19315-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1826, <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor" title="John Jacob Astor">John Jacob Astor</a> purchased Thompson's parcel, as well as one from Mary and John Murray who owned a farm on Murray Hill, in the area which is now Madison Avenue to <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a>, between 34th and 38th streets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECraven200935_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECraven200935-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1827, <a href="/wiki/William_Backhouse_Astor,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Backhouse Astor, Sr.">William B. Astor, Sr.</a> bought a half interest, including <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> from 32nd to 35th streets, for $20,500. He built an unpretentious square red brick house on the southwest corner of 34th Street and Fifth Avenue, while John Jacob Astor erected a home at the northwest corner of 33rd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor,_1st_Viscount_Astor" class="mw-redirect" title="William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a>, motivated in part by a dispute with his aunt <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Webster_Schermerhorn_Astor" class="mw-redirect" title="Caroline Webster Schermerhorn Astor">Caroline Webster Schermerhorn Astor</a>, built the Waldorf Hotel next door to her house, on the site of his father's mansion at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 33rd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Astor's decision to leave the United States, he also decided to demolish his father's home and build a hotel on the property.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193113_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193113-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the 1870 Astor home was demolished, there was no idea that Astor would build a hotel on the property.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193120_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193120-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Astor did not stay in his own hotel when visiting the U.S., preferring to stay elsewhere; he is known to have visited the Waldorf-Astoria only once.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193117–18_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193117–18-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hotel was built to the specifications of the founding proprietor <a href="/wiki/George_Boldt" title="George Boldt">George Boldt</a>, who owned and operated the elite <a href="/wiki/Bellevue-Stratford_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellevue-Stratford Hotel">Bellevue-Stratford Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> with his wife, Louisa Augusta Kehrer Boldt (1860–1904). The original plans for the Waldorf were for a hotel with eleven stories; Louise believed that thirteen was a lucky number and persuaded her husband to add two floors to the construction.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William Astor's construction of a hotel next to his aunt's house worsened his feud with her, but, with Boldt's assistance, John Astor persuaded his mother to move uptown.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMock200737_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMock200737-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Waldorf Hotel, named after the Astor family's ancestral hometown of <a href="/wiki/Walldorf" title="Walldorf">Walldorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a>, was opened for business March 13, 1893.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg/220px-Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg/330px-Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg/440px-Waldorf_floor_plan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1197" data-file-height="994" /></a><figcaption>Floor plan of the Waldorf</figcaption></figure> <p>Early on, the Waldorf was regarded with mockery over its large number of bathrooms and was known briefly as "Boldt's Folly" after Boldt, or "Astor's Folly",<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the general perception of the palatial hotel being that it had no place in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It appeared destined for failure. Wealthy New Yorkers were angry because they viewed the construction of the hotel as the ruination of a good neighborhood. Business travelers found it too expensive and too far uptown for their needs. In the face of all of this, Boldt decided that the hotel would host a benefit concert for St. Mary's Hospital for Children the day after its opening.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hospital was the favorite charity of those on the Social Register. Despite the rain the night of the ball, the ballroom filled with many of New York's First Families, who had paid $5.00 ($170.00 in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) for the concert and dinner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mrs. William K. Vanderbilt donated the services of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Symphony_Orchestra" title="New York Symphony Orchestra">New York Symphony Orchestra</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Damrosch" title="Walter Damrosch">Walter Damrosch</a> to provide the music for the event.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even with a proper escort, women of the times generally did not venture into hotels, but those attending also toured the facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-Bishop_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bishop-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Boldt made news by insisting the Waldorf's waiters be clean-shaven even though he wore a beard, his decision to hire young <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Tschirky" title="Oscar Tschirky">Oscar Tschirky</a> was one of the key factors in the hotel's success.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oscar was personable, humble and very willing to tend to patrons' needs on an individual basis.<sup id="cite_ref-Bishop_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bishop-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than thirty years later, Tschirky was able to recall the Waldorf's opening day and the names of many of the Social Register guests who made the hotel successful when it hosted the charity concert and dinner.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Business soon picked up and the hotel earned $4.5 million ($137 million in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) in its first year, exorbitant for that period.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1895, the Waldorf added a five-story addition. This brought the hotel's ballroom down to the main floor; the move brought many parties and dinners which were formerly held in private homes, into the Waldorf. Adjacent to the new ballroom was the Oak Room, where one could sit by large fireplaces where there were always logs on the hearth. In winter, waiters would offer patrons complimentary baked potatoes with butter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193175–76_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193175–76-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opening_of_the_Astoria_and_consolidation">Opening of the Astoria and consolidation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opening of the Astoria and consolidation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg/170px-Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg/255px-Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg/340px-Waldorf_Hotel_1893.jpg 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Waldorf Hotel (1893)</figcaption></figure> <p>When a decision was made to build a second hotel next to the Waldorf, truce provisions were developed between the Astors which reserved some proprietary rights. The plan design used corridors to join the two buildings and there was even a bond provision for bricking up the corridors should the need arise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 1, 1897, Waldorf's cousin, <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor_IV" title="John Jacob Astor IV">John Jacob Astor IV</a>, opened the 16 story Astoria Hotel on an adjacent site.<sup id="cite_ref-history_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193177_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193177-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Astoria, named after <a href="/wiki/Astoria,_Oregon" title="Astoria, Oregon">Astoria, Oregon</a> which was founded by John Jacob Astor in 1811, stood on the site of William B. Astor's house, and was leased to Boldt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBiggs189731_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBiggs189731-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-history_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_old.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Waldorf_old.jpg/170px-Waldorf_old.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Waldorf_old.jpg/255px-Waldorf_old.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Waldorf_old.jpg/340px-Waldorf_old.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>The hotel after the addition of the much larger Astoria wing (1915)</figcaption></figure> <p>The two hotels, under one management, were renamed the Waldorf-Astoria.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBiggs189729_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBiggs189729-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison20147_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison20147-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Situated on Fifth Avenue in what is now <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a>, it was surrounded by streets on all sides. The Waldorf-Astoria had a frontage of 200 feet (61 m) on Fifth Avenue, 350 feet (110 m) on 33rd Street, 350 feet (110 m) on 34th Street, and 200 feet (61 m) on Astor Court, with 13 entrances opening directly from these thoroughfares. Below, extending to a depth 42 feet (13 m) beneath the sidewalk, and occupying an additional area of 75 by 242 feet (23 m × 74 m) running toward Broadway, were the basements, which contained the engine room, laundries, and kitchens. From the sidewalk to the observatory roof was a height of 250 feet (76 m).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190714_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190714-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the largest hotel in the world at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cost of the two buildings, exclusive of the furnishings but including the land, was about $15 million ($473 million in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The assessed value in 1897 was $12.125 million ($382 million in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) making it the next most valuable parcel on Fifth Avenue, after the <a href="/wiki/B._Altman_and_Company_Building" title="B. Altman and Company Building">B. Altman and Company Building</a> site immediately northeast.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBiggs189710_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBiggs189710-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hotel became, according to author Sean Dennis Cashman, "a successful symbol of the opulence and achievement of the Astor family".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECashman1988373_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECashman1988373-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hotel faced stiff competition from the early 20th century, with a range of new hotels springing up in New York City such as the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Astor_(New_York_City)" title="Hotel Astor (New York City)">Hotel Astor</a> (1904), perceived as a successor to the Waldorf-Astoria; <a href="/wiki/St._Regis_New_York" title="St. Regis New York">The St. Regis</a> (1904), built by John Jacob Astor IV as a companion to the Waldorf-Astoria; <a href="/wiki/The_Knickerbocker_Hotel_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Knickerbocker Hotel (Manhattan)">The Knickerbocker</a> (1906); and the <a href="/wiki/Savoy-Plaza_Hotel" title="Savoy-Plaza Hotel">Savoy-Plaza Hotel</a> (1927).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlanke2002121_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlanke2002121-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 1920s, the hotel was becoming dated, and the elegant social life of New York had moved much farther north than 34th Street. The Astor family sold the hotel to the developers of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a> and closed the hotel on May 3, 1929; it was demolished soon afterward.<sup id="cite_ref-history_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel records of 1893–1929 are held by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>'s Archives & Manuscripts division.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society">Society</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:214px;max-width:214px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:212px;max-width:212px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg/210px-Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg/315px-Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg/420px-Elbert_Henry_Gary_banquet_at_Waldorf-Astoria_1909.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="1091" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Banquet for <a href="/wiki/Elbert_Henry_Gary" title="Elbert Henry Gary">Elbert Henry Gary</a>, a founder of US Steel (1909)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg/200px-US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg/300px-US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg/400px-US_Senate_Committee_hearings_Titanic_sinking_1912.jpg 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">US Senate Committee hearing for the sinking of the <a href="/wiki/RMS_Titanic" class="mw-redirect" title="RMS Titanic">RMS <i>Titanic</i></a> (1912)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>From its inception, the Waldorf was always a "must stay" hotel for foreign dignitaries. The viceroy of China, <a href="/wiki/Li_Hung-Chang" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Hung-Chang">Li Hung-Chang</a> stayed at the hotel in 1896 and feasted on <a href="/wiki/100-year-old_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="100-year-old egg">100-year-old eggs</a> which he brought with him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li also brought his own stoves, chefs and servants with him to prepare and serve his meals. Upon his departure from the Waldorf, he ordered a basket of roses to be sent to every female guest at the hotel, and was very generous in the gifts and gratuities he provided for the hotel's staff.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931117–120_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931117–120-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1902, a lavish dinner was organized for <a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry_of_Prussia_(1862%E2%80%931929)" title="Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)">Prince Henry of Prussia</a>; in addition, the hotel built a private door on its 33rd Street side and installed a private elevator. The staff was also called upon to form a "bucket brigade" for the prince's bath when there was a problem with the plumbing in the royal suite.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One early wealthy resident was Chicago businessman <a href="/wiki/John_Warne_Gates" title="John Warne Gates">J. W. Gates</a> who would gamble on stocks on Wall Street and play poker at the hotel. He paid up to $50,000 a year to hire suites at the hotel, where he had his own private entrance and elevator.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199122_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199122-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stories_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stories-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Princess_Victoria_Melita_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Grand Duchess Viktoria Feodorovna of Russia</a> was invited by Waldorf president Lucius Bloomer to stay at the hotel in the 1920s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199127_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199127-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Waldorf-Astoria gained significant renown for its fundraising dinners and balls, regularly attracting notables of the day such as <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie" title="Andrew Carnegie">Andrew Carnegie</a> who became a fixture.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENasaw2007841_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENasaw2007841-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banquets were often held in the ballroom for esteemed figures and international royalty. On February 11, 1899, Oscar of the Waldorf hosted a lavish dinner reception which the <i>New York Herald Tribune</i> cited as the city's costliest dinner at the time. Some $250 ($7,739 in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was spent per guest, with bluepoint oysters, green turtle soup, lobster, ruddy duck and <a href="/wiki/Rubus_leucodermis" title="Rubus leucodermis">blue raspberries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199132_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199132-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two months later, 120 sailors of the cruiser <i>Raleigh</i> were given a banquet, during which the gallery was decorated with silk banners and flags.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One article that year claimed that at any one time the hotel had $7 million ($217 million in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) worth of valuables locked in the safe, testament to the wealth of its guests.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1909, banquets, attended by hundreds, were organized for Arctic explorer <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cook" title="Frederick Cook">Frederick Cook</a> in September and <a href="/wiki/Elbert_Henry_Gary" title="Elbert Henry Gary">Elbert Henry Gary</a>, a founder of <a href="/wiki/US_Steel" class="mw-redirect" title="US Steel">US Steel</a>, the following month.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hotel was also influential in advancing the status of women, who were admitted singly without escorts. Boldt's wife, Louise, was influential in evolving the idea of the grand urban hotel as a social center, particularly in making it appealing to women as a venue for social events, or just to be seen in the Peacock Alley.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combined hotel was the first to do away with a ladies-only parlor and provided women with a place to play <a href="/wiki/Cue_sports" title="Cue sports">billiards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Table_tennis" title="Table tennis">ping-pong</a>. It was the first New York hotel to allocate an entire room for afternoon tea. The teas began in the Waldorf Garden with attendance eventually being so large, both the Empire Room and at times, the Rose Room, had to be opened during the hours of four and six pm to accommodate the number of guests. Men were admitted to the teas only if they were in the company of a woman.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193194–95_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193194–95-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_inquiry_into_the_sinking_of_the_Titanic" title="United States Senate inquiry into the sinking of the Titanic">United States Senate inquiry into the sinking of the <i>Titanic</i></a> was opened at the hotel on April 19, 1912, and continued there for some time in the Myrtle Room,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuntzSmith199877_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuntzSmith199877-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before moving on to <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Jacob Astor IV was one of the people who perished on its ill-fated journey. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_Orchestra" title="Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra">Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra</a> included several conductors over the years. In the early 1900s, it was under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Curti" title="Carlo Curti">Carlo Curti</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who spent his career between the United States and Mexico. Later he was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Knecht" title="Joseph Knecht">Joseph Knecht</a>, who was formerly assistant <a href="/wiki/Concertmaster" title="Concertmaster">concertmaster</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Opera_House_(39th_St)" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Opera House (39th St)">Metropolitan Opera House</a>. Consisting of fifty musicians, it was maintained by Boldt at an annual expense of $100,000. The orchestra performed regular Sunday night concerts in the grand ballroom.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampbell191677_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell191677-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Waldorf-Astoria Bar was a favorite haunt of many of the financial elite of the city from the hotel's inception in 1893, and colorful characters who adopted the venue such as <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Jim_Brady" title="Diamond Jim Brady">Diamond Jim Brady</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bill_Cody" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo Bill Cody">Buffalo Bill Cody</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bat_Masterson" title="Bat Masterson">Bat Masterson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dining_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dining-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of cocktails were invented at the bar, including the <a href="/wiki/Rob_Roy_(cocktail)" title="Rob Roy (cocktail)">Rob Roy</a> (1894) and the <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Burns_(drink)" title="Bobby Burns (drink)">Bobbie Burns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fact_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:370px;max-width:370px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg/182px-Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg/273px-Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg/364px-Waldorf_Astoria_kitchen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1373" data-file-height="1132" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Waldorf-Astoria kitchen</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg/180px-Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg/270px-Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg/360px-Waldorf_Astoria_Cigar_Company.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="1140" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_Cigar_Company" title="Waldorf-Astoria Cigar Company">Waldorf-Astoria Cigar Company</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>On the exterior, the two and three lower stories in the respective buildings were of red sandstone, while the balance of the work to the roof-line was red brick and red terracotta. The building rested on solid rock and contained a fireproof steel frame.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first and second floors contained public spaces.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The combined hotel, after merging in 1897, had 1,300 bedrooms and 178 bathrooms, making it the largest hotel in the world at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a telephone in every room and first-class room service, the hotel featured numerous Turkish and Russian baths for the gentlemen of the day to relax in.<sup id="cite_ref-fact_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the floors were arranged as separate hotels to further the comfort of the guests. Each of these floors had its own team of assistants—clerks, maids, page boys, waiters—as well as telephone and dumbwaiter service, and refrigerators.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190753_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190753-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bedrooms and corridors were heated by direct radiation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family included a stained glass picture of the town of Walldorf in the design of the hotel; it was located on the 33rd Street side over the main entrance to the South Palm Garden.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waldorf_Hotel">Waldorf Hotel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Waldorf Hotel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg/180px-Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg/270px-Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg/360px-Gentlemen%27s_Cafe_Waldorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1363" data-file-height="1137" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Gentlemen's Cafe</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_restaurant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Waldorf_restaurant.jpg/180px-Waldorf_restaurant.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Waldorf_restaurant.jpg/270px-Waldorf_restaurant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Waldorf_restaurant.jpg/360px-Waldorf_restaurant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="1135" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Restaurant</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg/180px-Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg/270px-Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg/360px-Marie_Antoinette_room_Waldorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1427" data-file-height="1182" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Marie Antoinette parlor</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg/180px-Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg/270px-Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg/360px-Reading_room_Waldorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="1127" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Reading room</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg/180px-Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg/270px-Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg/360px-Henry_IV_drawing_room_Waldorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1384" data-file-height="1143" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Henry IV drawing room</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg/180px-Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg/270px-Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg/360px-Waldorf_Louis_XIV_bedroom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="1129" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Louis XIV bedroom</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The Waldorf Hotel, built at a reported cost of about $5 million ($152 million in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), opened on March 13, 1893, at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 33rd Street, on the site where millionaire developer <a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor,_1st_Viscount_Astor" class="mw-redirect" title="William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a> had previously built his mansion.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-history_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hotel stood 225 feet (69 m) high, about 50 feet (15 m) lower than the Astoria, with a frontage of about 100 feet (30 m) on Fifth Avenue, and a total area of 69,475 square feet (6,454.4 m<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III1991132_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III1991132-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was a German Renaissance structure, designed by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh" title="Henry Janeway Hardenbergh">Henry Janeway Hardenbergh</a>, with 15 public rooms and 450 guest rooms, and a further 100 rooms allocated to servants, with laundry facilities on the upper floors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1893218_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1893218-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The New York Times</i> proclaimed the hotel a palace after it opened in 1893.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201411_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201411-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The exterior featured loggias, balconies, gables, groups of chimneys, and tiled roofs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the chief features was the interior garden court, with fountains and flowers, walls of white terracotta, frescoes and stained glass. The main entrance to the hotel was "sheltered by an elaborate frosted-glass-and-wrought-iron marquee", and the entrance hall was built in Sienna marble, with a mosaic title floor and a coffered ceiling.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original reception desk of the Waldorf Hotel became a registration desk when it merged with the Astoria Hotel in 1897.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beyond the lobby was the main corridor leading to the Empire Room, with an alcove containing elevators and a grand staircase. Near this was the Marie Antoinette parlor, which was used as a reception room for women. It contained 18th century antiques brought back by Boldt and his wife from an 1892 visit to Europe, including a bust of <a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette" title="Marie Antoinette">Marie Antoinette</a>, and an antique clock which was once owned by the queen. The ceiling featured frescoes by <a href="/wiki/Will_Hicok_Low" title="Will Hicok Low">Will Hicok Low</a>, the central of which was called <i>The Birth of Venus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201414_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201414-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gentleman's Cafe was furnished with "robust black oak paneling, hunting murals, and stag-horn chandaliers".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201416_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201416-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Empire Room was the largest and most lavishly adorned room in the Waldorf, and soon after opening it became one of the best restaurants in New York City, rivaling <i><a href="/wiki/Delmonico%27s" title="Delmonico's">Delmonico's</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sherry-Netherland" title="The Sherry-Netherland">Sherry's</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201415_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201415-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was modelled after the grand salon in <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_II_of_Bavaria" title="Ludwig II of Bavaria">King Ludwig</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nymphenburg_Palace" title="Nymphenburg Palace">palace</a> at <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, with satin hangings, upholstery and marble pillars, all of pale green, and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Crowninshield" title="Frank Crowninshield">Crowninshield</a>'s frescoes.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalacademy.org_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalacademy.org-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Empire_style" title="Empire style">Empire</a> in style, the Waldorf's restaurant featured feathered columns of dark-green marble, and the pilasters that were opposite were of <a href="/wiki/Mahogany" title="Mahogany">mahogany</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Ormolu" title="Ormolu">ormolu</a> work in the panels.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The caps and bases of both columns and pilasters were gilded. This treatment occupied most of the wall space. The ceiling was divided by heavy beams running from column to column, and between these the flat space was divided into oval and other shaped panels with light mouldings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The color scheme was in tints of pale-green and cream. The panels of the ceiling were frescoed with figures in pinkish-red on a blue sky or field. The walls were principally mahogany and gold, with a little color in the comparatively small wall-spaces left between openings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the other rooms were the Turkish <a href="/wiki/Smoking_room" title="Smoking room">smoking room</a>, with low divans and ancient Moorish armor, and the ballroom, in white and gold, with Louis XIV decorations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1893218_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1893218-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Waldorf State Apartments, consisting of nine suites, were located on the second floor. The apartments, including the Henry IV Drawing Room, featured 16th and 17th century French and Italian antiques which Boldt and his wife had brought back from Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Francois V Bedroom was a reproduction of the room at the Palais de Fontainebleau, and over the years was occupied by the likes of Li Hung-Chang of China, Chowfa Maha Rajiravuth, Prince of Siam, and Albert of Saxe-Coburg.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201421_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201421-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The apartments had their own music room and a banquet hall to seat 20, with a handsome china collection including 48 <a href="/wiki/Sevres" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevres">Sevres</a> plates with European portraits.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201422_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201422-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were about 6,000 lights in the hotel, with as many as 1,000 small candelabra lamps mounted in specially designed fixtures.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The electric fixtures were all furnished by the <a href="/wiki/Archer_%26_Pancoast_Manufacturing_Company" title="Archer & Pancoast Manufacturing Company">Archer & Pancoast Manufacturing Company</a>, of New York, while the contract for the general installation work was carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Edison_Illuminating_Company" title="Edison Illuminating Company">Edison Electric Illuminating Company</a>, of New York, the actual work of wiring being done by the Eastern District of the <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric Company</a>. The building was wired throughout on the system of the Interior Conduit and Insulation Company.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Astoria_Hotel">Astoria Hotel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Astoria Hotel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png/180px-Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png/270px-Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png/360px-Astoria_Hotel_-_Ground_Floor_Plan.png 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="455" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Astoria's Ground Floor plan</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png/180px-Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png/270px-Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png/360px-Astoria_Hotel_-_First_Floor_Plan.png 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="406" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">First Floor plan</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png/180px-Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png/270px-Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png/360px-Astoria_Hotel_-_Roof_Plan.png 2x" data-file-width="642" data-file-height="206" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Roof plan</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The Astoria Hotel, opened in 1897, was situated on the southwest corner of Fifth Avenue and 34th Street. Like the Waldorf, it was designed in the German Renaissance style by Henry J. Hardenbergh, the same architect who designed the Waldorf.<sup id="cite_ref-history_32-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With dimensions of 99 by 350 feet (30 m × 107 m), its height, from the floor of the sub-basement, which was 33 feet (10 m) below the street level, to the roof-line, was about 270 feet (82 m), or about 240 feet (73 m) above the street-level. It was 16 stories in height, including the four stories in the roof.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building was constructed of stone, marble and brick, with a steel skeleton frame and modern fireproof interior construction, and was embellished with "French Second Empire Mansard-roofed towers with iron-work cresting as well as Austrian Baroque onion-domes over corners turrets".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were 25 public rooms and 550 guest rooms, with miles of corridors, vestibules and balls.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The entrance featured a double set of plate glass doors to give protection in cold weather, and a U-shaped driveway for horse and carriages.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_main_foyer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Astoria_main_foyer.jpg/180px-Astoria_main_foyer.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Astoria_main_foyer.jpg/270px-Astoria_main_foyer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Astoria_main_foyer.jpg/360px-Astoria_main_foyer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1363" data-file-height="1138" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Astoria main foyer</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_main_office.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Astoria_main_office.jpg/180px-Astoria_main_office.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Astoria_main_office.jpg/270px-Astoria_main_office.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Astoria_main_office.jpg/360px-Astoria_main_office.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1370" data-file-height="1138" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Astoria main office</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg/180px-Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg/270px-Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg/360px-Astoria_main_ballroom_as_theater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1379" data-file-height="1129" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Main ballroom as theater</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_restaurant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Astoria_restaurant.jpg/180px-Astoria_restaurant.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Astoria_restaurant.jpg/270px-Astoria_restaurant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Astoria_restaurant.jpg/360px-Astoria_restaurant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1427" data-file-height="1179" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Astoria restaurant.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The main corridor was nicknamed "Peacock Alley" by the New York press.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201453_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201453-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The corridor and foyer were treated with pilasters and columns of Sienna marble and a color scheme on the walls and ceilings of salmon-pink, with cream-color and pale-green. The capitals of the columns and pilasters were gilded of solid brass or lacquered. The main corridor ran the entire length of the building from east to west.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the left of it was the Astor Dining Room, fronting on Fifth Avenue, which measured 50 by 92 feet (15 m × 28 m). Great care was taken with it to faithfully reproduce the original dining room of the mansion, three floors above where the original dining room had stood,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201424_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201424-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including all of the original dining room's paneling, carpeting, drapery and fireplace mantel; Italian Renaissance pilasters and columns, carved of marble from northern Russia. The panels of silk hangings were of rose pompadour, and a series of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Yardley_Turner" title="Charles Yardley Turner">Charles Yardley Turner</a> mural paintings filled arches and panels at the south end of the room.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the right of the main corridor was the Garden Court of Palms, 88 by 57 feet (27 m × 17 m), rising three stories to a dome-like roof of amber glass 56 feet (17 m) above the floor. This, too, was used as a dining room. It was decorated in the Italian style, finished in gray, terracotta and Pavonazzo marble.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the 34th Street side of the corridor was the cafe, 40 by 95 feet (12 m × 29 m), finished in English oak in the style of the German Renaissance, with Flemish decoration. The bar formed another room 40 by 50 feet (12 m × 15 m).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg/180px-Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg/270px-Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg/360px-Astor_Gallery_Astoria_Hotel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="1132" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Astor Gallery at the Astoria</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg/180px-Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg/270px-Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg/360px-Myrtle_Room_Astoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="1133" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Myrtle Room</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:368px;max-width:368px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg/180px-Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg/270px-Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg/360px-Fifth_Avenue_corner_suite_drawing_room_Astoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="1118" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Fifth Avenue corner suite drawing room</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg/180px-Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg/270px-Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg/360px-Astoria_double_bedroom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1389" data-file-height="1143" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Astoria double bedroom</div></div></div></div></div> <p>On the first floor, at the head-of the east main staircase, was the Astor Gallery, 87 by 102 feet (27 m × 31 m), looking out on 34th Street. The gallery, with seven French windows reaching 26 feet (7.9 m) from floor to ceiling, opened onto a terrace over the entrance to the hotel. The interior was finished in the style of the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Soubise" title="Hôtel de Soubise">Hôtel de Soubise</a>, with a blue, gray and gold color scheme. There was a parquet floor, and on the south side, opposite the street windows, were other windows which opened into the main corridor on the second floor. The musicians' balcony, upheld by two caryatids, was at the east end. All the balcony railings were of gilded metal work. The mural paintings were notable: four panels, two at either end of the room, and twelve pendentive panels, six on either side and painted by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Simmons_(painter)" title="Edward Simmons (painter)">Edward Simmons</a> depicted the four seasons and the twelve months of the year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Colonial Room" was decorated in red, contrasting with white woodwork.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second floor contained a private suite of apartments at the northeast corner, with large drawing rooms, dining room, butler's pantry, hallway, three bedrooms, three maids' bedrooms and five bathrooms, all finished in old English oak. All the floors above the third were given up to suites and bedrooms up to the 14th floor. There was a bath for nearly every room, and every bathroom had windows opening to the air, not into shafts. In every room, there was a large trunk closet.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189855_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189855-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ballroom, in the Louis XIV style, has been described as the "pièce de résistance" of the hotel, measuring 65 feet (20 m) by 95 feet (29 m) and 40 feet (12 m) (three stories) in height.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had a capacity to seat 700 at banquets and 1,200 at concerts, and featured tints of ivory-gray and cream in its design.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Noted vocalists such as <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nellie_Melba" title="Nellie Melba">Nellie Melba</a> performed in the ballroom, with conductor <a href="/wiki/Anton_Seidl" title="Anton Seidl">Anton Seidl</a> leading a series of concerts there in the year the combined hotels opened for business. It was possible to buy season tickets for the musical offerings; a box for a season was US$350 and a seat for a season on the ballroom floor was priced at US$60.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193180–82_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193180–82-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the hotel's top floor was the roof-garden, enclosed on all sides by glass, with a glass roof over. It was furnished with rattan chairs and lounges in pale-green and pink, hung across with gauzy fabric.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the roof on the 34th Street side was the grand promenade, 90 by 200 feet (27 m × 61 m), on solid footing high in the air, with a band stand, fountains, and trellises of columns. The roof garden restaurant occupied a space 75 by 84 feet (23 m × 26 m), and was roofed in. The ceiling was 24 feet (7.3 m) high. At the northeast and northwest corners of the roof garden were towers, with spiral stairways within, leading up to the copper covered roofs of the pavilions, which were 250 feet (76 m) above the sidewalk.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The palm gardens, used as cafes, rose to a height of two and three stories respectively and were roofed-over with domes of tinted glass. Balconies at the various floor levels opened on to these courts to overlook them. The materials used were cream-colored brick and terracotta, and were Italian Renaissance in style.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the sub-basement were the Sprague screw machines for the electric elevators, the fire pumps, the house pumps, the ice plant, and the six Babcock & Wilcox water tube boilers. The elevator system, which served the house from subbasement to roof, was electric, taking its power from the generating plant within the building. There were 18 elevators.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The machinery was located in the sub-basement. The boilers aggregated about 3,000 horse power, the electric generators taking 2,200 horse-power of the total energy. The elevators were run by it, as were the 15,000 incandescent lamps, branching from 7,500 outlets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system of heating and ventilating the public rooms was that of forced draught by means of powerful blowers situated in the sub-basement that forced the fresh air between steam-coils, where it became moderately heated before entering the ducts that lead it to the various rooms. This heat was further augmented by direct radiators placed behind screens in the recesses of the windows and elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg/170px-William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg/255px-William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg/340px-William_Waldorf_Astor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor,_1st_Viscount_Astor" class="mw-redirect" title="William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor,_1st_Viscount_Astor" class="mw-redirect" title="William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a></b> (1848–1919) was a wealthy American attorney, politician, businessman, and newspaper publisher of the <a href="/wiki/Astor_family" title="Astor family">Astor family</a>. He was the only child of financier/philanthropist <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor_III" title="John Jacob Astor III">John Jacob Astor III</a> (1822–1890) and Charlotte Augusta Gibbes (1825–1887). Described as being a "very prickly sort of person", he had a background in Europe and earned wealth buying and selling country estates in England including <a href="/wiki/Cliveden" title="Cliveden">Cliveden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hever_Castle" title="Hever Castle">Hever Castle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201412_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201412-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his early adult years, Astor returned to the United States and began studies at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_School" title="Columbia Law School">Columbia Law School</a>. He was called to the United States Bar in 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He worked for a short time in law practice and in the management of his father's estate of financial and real estate holdings. On his death in 1919, he was reputed to have been worth £200 million, which he left in trust for his two sons Waldorf and John Jacob. His half share of the Waldorf Astoria and the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Astor_(New_York_City)" title="Hotel Astor (New York City)">Astor Hotel</a> at the time were reported to have been worth £10 million.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlein200525_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlein200525-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GeorgeCBoldt_(cropped)_LOC23338v.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/GeorgeCBoldt_%28cropped%29_LOC23338v.jpg/170px-GeorgeCBoldt_%28cropped%29_LOC23338v.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/GeorgeCBoldt_%28cropped%29_LOC23338v.jpg/255px-GeorgeCBoldt_%28cropped%29_LOC23338v.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/GeorgeCBoldt_%28cropped%29_LOC23338v.jpg/340px-GeorgeCBoldt_%28cropped%29_LOC23338v.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="739" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Boldt" title="George Boldt">George Boldt</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/George_Boldt" title="George Boldt">George Boldt</a></b> (1851–1916), the founding proprietor, was a Prussian-born American hotelier and self-made millionaire who influenced the development of the urban hotel as a civic social center and luxury destination. His motto was "the guest is always right",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he became a wealthy and prominent figure internationally. The hotel was built to his specifications. He served as president and director of the Waldorf Astoria Hotel Company, as well as the Waldorf-Astoria Segar Company and the Waldorf Importation Company.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonard190881_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonard190881-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also owned and operated the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel, an elite boutique hotel on Broad Street in Philadelphia, with his wife, Louise. Boldt was described as "Mild mannered, undignified, unassuming", resembling "a typical German professor with his close-cropped beard which he kept fastidiously trimmed... and his pince-nez glasses on a black silk cord".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boldt retained his contacts with the European elite and he and his wife made frequent trips to Europe, bringing back with them many antiques, a characteristic of the Waldorf Astoria. Boldt continued to own the Bellevue even after his relationship with the Astors blossomed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg/130px-Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg/195px-Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg/260px-Lucius_Boomer_1930.jpg 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="572" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_M._Boomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius M. Boomer (page does not exist)">Lucius M. Boomer</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_M._Boomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius M. Boomer (page does not exist)">Lucius M. Boomer</a></b> (1878–1947) was an American hotelier and businessman, responsible for the general management of the hotel for many years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Physically impressive and brassy, he displayed total dedication to his job and great discipline and care towards his staff, becoming one of the most famous hoteliers of his time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boomer became interested in the hotel after the death of Boldt in 1916 and purchased it, before buying the Bellevue-Stratford two years later. Following the retirement of Louis Sherry in 1920, he became directing head of the Louis Sherry Ice Cream and Chocolate Company, and was later president of restaurant chain Savarin, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-boomerdeath_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boomerdeath-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boomer was primarily responsible for the decision to demolish the hotel and build the new one on Park Avenue in 1931. He continued to manage the hotel until his death in Norway in July 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-boomerdeath_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boomerdeath-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg/150px-Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg/225px-Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg/300px-Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="1175" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh" title="Henry Janeway Hardenbergh">Henry Janeway Hardenbergh</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh" title="Henry Janeway Hardenbergh">Henry J. Hardenbergh</a></b> (1847–1918) was an American architect who designed both hotels in the German Renaissance style. Apprenticed in New York from 1865 to 1870 under <a href="/wiki/Detlef_Lienau" title="Detlef Lienau">Detlef Lienau</a>, in 1870, opened his own practice there. He obtained his first contracts for three buildings at <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers College</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="New Brunswick, New Jersey">New Brunswick, New Jersey</a>—the expansion of Alexander Johnston Hall (1871), designing and building Geology Hall (1872) and the <a href="/wiki/Kirkpatrick_Chapel" title="Kirkpatrick Chapel">Kirkpatrick Chapel</a> (1873)—through family connections. Hardenbergh designed the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Apartments" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakota Apartments">Dakota Apartments</a> in 1884, and after building the Waldorf he went on to have an illustrious career as "America's premiere architect of grand hotels", designing the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan Hotel">Manhattan Hotel</a> (1896), the <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Hotel" title="Plaza Hotel">Plaza Hotel</a> (1907), the <a href="/wiki/Radisson_Hotel_Martinique" class="mw-redirect" title="Radisson Hotel Martinique">Martinique Hotel</a> (1911) and numerous other hotels in cities such as Boston and Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_Sherry_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Louis_Sherry_2.jpg/150px-Louis_Sherry_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Louis_Sherry_2.jpg/225px-Louis_Sherry_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Louis_Sherry_2.jpg/300px-Louis_Sherry_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="1158" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Louis_Sherry" title="Louis Sherry">Louis Sherry</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Louis_Sherry" title="Louis Sherry">Louis Sherry</a></b> (1855–1926) was an American restaurateur, caterer, confectioner and hotelier during the <a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a> and early 20th century, who was of considerable renown in the business. His name is typically associated with an upscale brand of candy and ice cream, and <a href="/wiki/The_Sherry-Netherland" title="The Sherry-Netherland">The Sherry-Netherland</a> hotel in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. In 1919, Sherry announced an "alliance" with the Waldorf-Astoria that involved both his candies and catering services.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT19_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT19-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it was not disclosed at that time, at some point ownership of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Sherry_Inc." title="Louis Sherry Inc.">Louis Sherry Inc.</a> was significantly vested in "Boomer-duPont interests", a reference to Lucius M. Boomer, then chairman of the Waldorf-Astoria, and <a href="/wiki/T._Coleman_du_Pont" title="T. Coleman du Pont">T. Coleman du Pont</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT19_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT19-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oscar-Tschirky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Oscar-Tschirky.jpg/150px-Oscar-Tschirky.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Oscar-Tschirky.jpg/225px-Oscar-Tschirky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Oscar-Tschirky.jpg/300px-Oscar-Tschirky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="678" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Tschirky" title="Oscar Tschirky">Oscar Tschirky</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Tschirky" title="Oscar Tschirky">Oscar Tschirky</a></b> (1866–1950), known as "Oscar of the Waldorf", was a Swiss chef, <i><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtre_d%27h%C3%B4tel" title="Maître d'hôtel">maître d'hôtel</a></i> from the hotel's inauguration in 1893 until his retirement in 1943. Tschirky had arrived in the United States from Switzerland ten years prior to applying for the position at the new Waldorf and over the years grew to possess an encyclopedic-like knowledge of cuisine and the special trimmings and preferences that the regular diners desired.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith2007595-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He authored <i>The Cookbook by Oscar of The Waldorf</i> (1896), a 900-page book featuring recipes such as <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_salad" title="Waldorf salad">Waldorf salad</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith2007595-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which remain popular worldwide. James Remington McCarthy wrote in his book <i>Peacock Alley</i> that Oscar gained renown among the general public as an artist who "composed sonatas in soups, symphonies in salads, minuets in sauces, lyrics in entrees".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith2007595-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1902 Tschirky published <i>Serving a Course Dinner by Oscar of the Waldorf-Astoria</i>, a booklet which explains the intricacies of being a caterer to the American and international elite.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith2007595-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tschirky continued to work for the Waldorf Astoria after the original hotel was demolished until his retirement in 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith2007595-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">During the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a>, shots rang out on what is now <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> from "the battle of the cornfield". Some 3,500 of <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>'s troops were in the city and in danger of being trapped by the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>. Mary Murray invited the British officers into her home for food and drink. She offered such a repast that <a href="/wiki/Israel_Putnam" title="Israel Putnam">General Putnam</a> was able to lead the 3,500 men out of the city and into <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harlem_Heights" title="Battle of Harlem Heights">Harlem heights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19316,_7_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19316,_7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The feud centered on whether Caroline, the wife of John Jacob Astor III, or William's wife, Mary Dahlgren Paul Astor, would be known in society as "the" Mrs. Astor.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Boldts' first two children were born when the couple lived at addresses with the number 13 in them. Boldt himself made important decisions and signed important documents dated on the 13th of the given month.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">After the Waldorf Hotel rose above their home, both Astors threatened to demolish their home and build a stable on the property. Advisers were able to convince John Astor that it would be more sensible to construct a larger hotel on the property instead.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There were also prominent social families who had come from Baltimore, Boston and Philadelphia for the charity event.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193124_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193124-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">While Boldt initially faced much public criticism for his rule that Waldorf waiters would be clean-shaven, other hotels adopted the same tenet for their wait staff.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There was no bar room, per se, at the hotel until the addition of the Astoria. The original plans for the Waldorf did not include one.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193165_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193165-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The first Peacock Alley was a corridor in the Waldorf which was the way to the Empire Room and Palm Court. Neither hotel had planned they would be anything more than entries into various public rooms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193160–64_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193160–64-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Astor family requested that their complete dining room be preserved and made part of the hotel. It was dismantled piece by piece and stored until the completion of the hotel. It was then reconstructed there.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931106_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931106-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19315-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19315_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECraven200935-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECraven200935_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCraven2009">Craven 2009</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19316,_7-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford19316,_7_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 6, 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199120_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2308009/astor_feud/">"Astor Families Bury Hatchet"</a>. San Francisco, California: San Francisco Chronicle. July 4, 1905. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032607/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2308009/astor_feud/">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Astor+Families+Bury+Hatchet&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1905-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F2308009%2Fastor_feud%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193113-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193113_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193120-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193120_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193117–18-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193117–18_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 17–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193131–32_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 31–32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMock200737-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMock200737_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMock2007">Mock 2007</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalzman,_Joshua_A._T.2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Salzman, Joshua A. T. (March 2007). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/cgi-bin/login.cgi">"When the Astors Owned New York: Blue Bloods and Grand Hotels in a Gilded Age (review)"</a></span>. <i>Enterprise and Society</i>. Vol. 8, no. 1. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fes%2Fkhm011">10.1093/es/khm011</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512055931/http://muse.jhu.edu/cgi-bin/login.cgi">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Project_MUSE" class="mw-redirect" title="Project MUSE">Project MUSE</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Enterprise+and+Society&rft.atitle=When+the+Astors+Owned+New+York%3A+Blue+Bloods+and+Grand+Hotels+in+a+Gilded+Age+%28review%29&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=208&rft.date=2007-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fes%2Fkhm011&rft.au=Salzman%2C+Joshua+A.+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Flogin.cgi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/40562832/?terms=1895+Waldorf+astoria">"Waldorf-Astoria to give way to office"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Evening_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Evening Journal">Lincoln Evening Journal</a></i>. Lincoln, Nebraska. December 21, 1928. p. 13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626145627/http://www.newspapers.com/image/40562832/?terms=1895+Waldorf+astoria">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lincoln+Evening+Journal&rft.atitle=Waldorf-Astoria+to+give+way+to+office&rft.pages=13&rft.date=1928-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F40562832%2F%3Fterms%3D1895%2BWaldorf%2Bastoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/79054253/?terms=1893+Waldorf">"Hotel World Known"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Tribune">New York Tribune</a></i>. New York, New York. February 3, 1918. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626112713/http://www.newspapers.com/image/79054253/?terms=1893+Waldorf">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Hotel+World+Known&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1918-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F79054253%2F%3Fterms%3D1893%2BWaldorf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Price+Index+%28estimate%29+1800%E2%80%93&rft.au=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Minneapolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minneapolisfed.org%2Fabout-us%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation-calculator%2Fconsumer-price-index-1800-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193123–28_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 23–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193124-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193124_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bishop-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bishop_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bishop_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBishop,_Jim1958" class="citation news cs1">Bishop, Jim (January 26, 1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1604499/waldorf_astoria_history/">"Anger, Spite Tint History of the Waldorf"</a>. <i>The Salt Lake Tribune</i>. Salt Lake City, Utah. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626150709/http://www.newspapers.com/clip/1604499/waldorf_astoria_history/">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Salt+Lake+Tribune&rft.atitle=Anger%2C+Spite+Tint+History+of+the+Waldorf&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1958-01-26&rft.au=Bishop%2C+Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1604499%2Fwaldorf_astoria_history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193134–37_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 34–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTschirky,_Oscar1937" class="citation news cs1">Tschirky, Oscar (October 5, 1937). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1564072/the_voice_of_broadway_by_guest/">"The Voice of Broadway"</a>. <i>The Bee</i>. Danville,Virginia. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626105915/http://www.newspapers.com/clip/1564072/the_voice_of_broadway_by_guest/">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bee&rft.atitle=The+Voice+of+Broadway&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1937-10-05&rft.au=Tschirky%2C+Oscar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1564072%2Fthe_voice_of_broadway_by_guest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTschirky,_Oscar1937" class="citation news cs1">Tschirky, Oscar (October 5, 1937). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1564106/the_voice_of_broadway_by_oscar_of_the/">"The Voice of Broadway-part 2"</a>. <i>The Bee</i>. Danville,Virginia. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626150008/http://www.newspapers.com/clip/1564106/the_voice_of_broadway_by_oscar_of_the/">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bee&rft.atitle=The+Voice+of+Broadway-part+2&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1937-10-05&rft.au=Tschirky%2C+Oscar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1564106%2Fthe_voice_of_broadway_by_oscar_of_the%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-USGDP-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnstonWilliamson2023" class="citation web cs1">Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.measuringworth.com/datasets/usgdp/">"What Was the U.S. GDP Then?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MeasuringWorth" title="MeasuringWorth">MeasuringWorth</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MeasuringWorth&rft.atitle=What+Was+the+U.S.+GDP+Then%3F&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.au=Williamson%2C+Samuel+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.measuringworth.com%2Fdatasets%2Fusgdp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> United States <a href="/wiki/Gross_Domestic_Product_deflator" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross Domestic Product deflator">Gross Domestic Product deflator</a> figures follow the <i>MeasuringWorth</i> series. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeifer1998204_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeifer1998">Seifer 1998</a>, p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193175–76-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193175–76_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 75–76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETauranac2014114_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTauranac2014">Tauranac 2014</a>, p. 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_32-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131127101023/http://www.waldorfnewyork.com/about-the-waldorf/hotel-history.html">"Hotel history"</a>. Waldorfnewyork.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waldorfnewyork.com/about-the-waldorf/hotel-history.html">the original</a> on November 27, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hotel+history&rft.pub=Waldorfnewyork.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.waldorfnewyork.com%2Fabout-the-waldorf%2Fhotel-history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193177-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193177_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBiggs189731-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBiggs189731_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBiggs1897">Biggs 1897</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBiggs189729-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBiggs189729_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBiggs1897">Biggs 1897</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison20147-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison20147_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190714-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190714_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuccess_Company1907">Success Company 1907</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cnn_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210202259/http://www.cnn.com/2008/CRIME/11/15/waldorf.shooting.ap/index.html?iref=mpstoryview">"Guard shot during robbery attempt at Waldorf-Astoria"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. October 17, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2008/CRIME/11/15/waldorf.shooting.ap/index.html?iref=mpstoryview">the original</a> on December 10, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Guard+shot+during+robbery+attempt+at+Waldorf-Astoria&rft.date=2004-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2008%2FCRIME%2F11%2F15%2Fwaldorf.shooting.ap%2Findex.html%3Firef%3Dmpstoryview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nyc-architecture.com/GON/GON017.htm">"The Waldorf Astoria"</a>. <i>New York Architecture</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130909015243/http://www.nyc-architecture.com/GON/GON017.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Architecture&rft.atitle=The+Waldorf+Astoria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnyc-architecture.com%2FGON%2FGON017.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company18983_40-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company1898">The American Architect and Building News Company 1898</a>, p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBiggs189710-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBiggs189710_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBiggs1897">Biggs 1897</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECashman1988373-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECashman1988373_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCashman1988">Cashman 1988</a>, p. 373.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlanke2002121-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlanke2002121_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBlanke2002">Blanke 2002</a>, p. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.nypl.org/mss/3203">"Waldorf-Astoria Hotel records 1893-1929"</a>. New York Public Library Archives & Manuscripts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150107074727/http://archives.nypl.org/mss/3203">Archived</a> from the original on January 7, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Waldorf-Astoria+Hotel+records+1893-1929&rft.pub=New+York+Public+Library+Archives+%26+Manuscripts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.nypl.org%2Fmss%2F3203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199121_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931117–120-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931117–120_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 117–120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1610074/prince_henry_visit/">"All Around The World"</a>. <i>Lawrence Daily Journal</i>. Lawrence, Kansas. March 3, 1902. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120060732/http://www.newspapers.com/clip/1610074/prince_henry_visit/">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lawrence+Daily+Journal&rft.atitle=All+Around+The+World&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1902-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1610074%2Fprince_henry_visit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1610066/oscar_waldorf/">"World's Host"</a>. <i>Altoona Tribune</i>. Altoona, Pennsylvania. September 19, 1936. p. 17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304220220/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1610066/oscar_waldorf/">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Altoona+Tribune&rft.atitle=World%27s+Host&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1936-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1610066%2Foscar_waldorf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199122-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199122_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stories-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stories_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1955416/gates_stories/">"Stories Told Of the Life of John W. Gates"</a>. Parsons, Kansas: The Parsons Daily Sun. September 29, 1911. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402132236/http://www.newspapers.com/clip/1955416/gates_stories/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stories+Told+Of+the+Life+of+John+W.+Gates&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1911-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1955416%2Fgates_stories%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199127-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199127_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENasaw2007841-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENasaw2007841_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNasaw2007">Nasaw 2007</a>, p. 841.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199132-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199132_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/68271511/?terms=1899+Waldorf+astoria">"Sailor Honored"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansas City Journal">Kansas City Journal</a></i>. Kansas City, Missouri. April 25, 1899. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115138/https://www.newspapers.com/image/68271511/?terms=1899+Waldorf+astoria">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kansas+City+Journal&rft.atitle=Sailor+Honored&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1899-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F68271511%2F%3Fterms%3D1899%2BWaldorf%2Bastoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/13481242/?terms=1899+Waldorf+astoria">"High Life in Gotham"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Weekly_Messenger" title="Indiana Weekly Messenger">Indiana Weekly Messenger</a></i>. Indiana, Pennsylvania. September 20, 1899. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626150349/http://www.newspapers.com/image/13481242/?terms=1899+Waldorf+astoria">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indiana+Weekly+Messenger&rft.atitle=High+Life+in+Gotham&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1899-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F13481242%2F%3Fterms%3D1899%2BWaldorf%2Bastoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2007663507/">"Banquet in honor of Frederick A. Cook, M.D., by the Arctic Club of America, Sept. 23, 1909, Waldorf-Astoria, N.Y."</a> Library of Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150118013748/http://www.loc.gov/item/2007663507/">Archived</a> from the original on January 18, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Banquet+in+honor+of+Frederick+A.+Cook%2C+M.D.%2C+by+the+Arctic+Club+of+America%2C+Sept.+23%2C+1909%2C+Waldorf-Astoria%2C+N.Y.&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F2007663507%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/congratulatoryad00newy#page/n7/mode/2up">"Congratulatory addresses delivered at a complimentary dinner tendered to Judge Elbert H. Gary at the Waldorf-Astoria, New York City, October 15th, 1909"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160317181031/https://archive.org/stream/congratulatoryad00newy#page/n7/mode/2up">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Congratulatory+addresses+delivered+at+a+complimentary+dinner+tendered+to+Judge+Elbert+H.+Gary+at+the+Waldorf-Astoria%2C+New+York+City%2C+October+15th%2C+1909&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcongratulatoryad00newy%23page%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193194–95-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193194–95_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 94–95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuntzSmith199877-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuntzSmith199877_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuntzSmith1998">Kuntz & Smith 1998</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/news/six-degrees-of-titanic">"Six Degrees of Titanic"</a>. <i>History.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714220028/http://www.history.com/news/six-degrees-of-titanic">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History.com&rft.atitle=Six+Degrees+of+Titanic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fnews%2Fsix-degrees-of-titanic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynold_Weidenaar1995" class="citation book cs1">Reynold Weidenaar (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Gr2kq-598-YC/mode/2up?q=Magic+music+from+the+telharmonium"><i>Magic music from the Telharmonium</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Gr2kq-598-YC/page/n149/mode/2up?q=curti">132</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810826922" title="Special:BookSources/9780810826922"><bdi>9780810826922</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magic+music+from+the+Telharmonium&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780810826922&rft.au=Reynold+Weidenaar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_Gr2kq-598-YC%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3DMagic%2Bmusic%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Btelharmonium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell191677-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampbell191677_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCampbell1916">Campbell 1916</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dining-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dining_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140304074008/http://www.waldorfnewyork.com/the-towers/dining.html">"Dining"</a>. Waldorfnewyork.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waldorfnewyork.com/the-towers/dining.html">the original</a> on March 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dining&rft.pub=Waldorfnewyork.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.waldorfnewyork.com%2Fthe-towers%2Fdining.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fact-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fact_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scps.nyu.edu/export/sites/scps/pdf/tisch/HotelFactSheet.pdf">"Hotel fact sheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> School of Professional Studies. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150418235235/http://www.scps.nyu.edu/export/sites/scps/pdf/tisch/HotelFactSheet.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on April 18, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hotel+fact+sheet&rft.pub=New+York+University+School+of+Professional+Studies&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scps.nyu.edu%2Fexport%2Fsites%2Fscps%2Fpdf%2Ftisch%2FHotelFactSheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193165-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193165_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELashleyLynchMorrison2007102_67-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLashleyLynchMorrison2007">Lashley, Lynch & Morrison 2007</a>, p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190753-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuccess_Company190753_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuccess_Company1907">Success Company 1907</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoldt,_George" class="citation book cs1">Boldt, George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/waldorfastoriane00bold#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>The Waldorf-Astoria</i></a>. unknown. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313204319/https://archive.org/stream/waldorfastoriane00bold#page/n5/mode/2up">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Waldorf-Astoria&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=unknown&rft.au=Boldt%2C+George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fwaldorfastoriane00bold%23page%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III1991132-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III1991132_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1893218-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1893218_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1893218_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1893">King 1893</a>, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201413_72-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201411-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201411_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189851-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189851_74-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFComstock1898">Comstock 1898</a>, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201414-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201414_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201416-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201416_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201415-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201415_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nationalacademy.org-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nationalacademy.org_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalacademy.org/collections/artists/detail/1388/">"Frederick Crowninshield1845 - 1918"</a>. National Academy Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150119143546/http://www.nationalacademy.org/collections/artists/detail/1388/">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frederick+Crowninshield1845+-+1918&rft.pub=National+Academy+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalacademy.org%2Fcollections%2Fartists%2Fdetail%2F1388%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201420_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201421-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201421_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201422-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201422_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElectrical_Engineer1893591_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFElectrical_Engineer1893">Electrical Engineer 1893</a>, p. 591.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201431_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201453-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201453_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193160–64-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193160–64_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 60–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201424-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201424_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931106-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931106_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, p. 106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEComstock189855-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEComstock189855_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFComstock1898">Comstock 1898</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193180–82-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthy_and_Rutherford193180–82_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931">McCarthy and Rutherford 1931</a>, pp. 80–82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrison201412-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrison201412_92-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrison2014">Morrison 2014</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n0VSAAAAYAAJ"><i>Funk & Wagnalls Standard Encyclopedia of the World's Knowledge</i></a>. Funk & Wagnalls company. 1912. p. 367. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160617103757/https://books.google.com/books?id=n0VSAAAAYAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on June 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Funk+%26+Wagnalls+Standard+Encyclopedia+of+the+World%27s+Knowledge&rft.pages=367&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls+company&rft.date=1912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn0VSAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlein200525-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlein200525_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlein2005">Klein 2005</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199118_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonard190881-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonard190881_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonard1908">Leonard 1908</a>, p. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorehouse_III199140_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorehouse_III1991">Morehouse III 1991</a>, p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boomerdeath-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-boomerdeath_98-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-boomerdeath_98-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1563944/lucius_boomer_dies_in_norway_1947/">"Lucius Boomer, 68, Waldorf Director, is Dead in Norway"</a>. <i>The Kingston Daily Freeman</i>. Kingston, New York. July 26, 1947. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626141659/http://www.newspapers.com/clip/1563944/lucius_boomer_dies_in_norway_1947/">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Kingston+Daily+Freeman&rft.atitle=Lucius+Boomer%2C+68%2C+Waldorf+Director%2C+is+Dead+in+Norway&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1947-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F1563944%2Flucius_boomer_dies_in_norway_1947%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT19-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT19_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT19_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C06E3DE1338EE32A25754C0A9639C946896D6CF">"Sherry's To Move May 17; Fifty-Eighth Street Plan Modified by 'Prohibition and Bolshevism'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. May 17, 1919. p. 28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150105185423/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C06E3DE1338EE32A25754C0A9639C946896D6CF">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sherry%27s+To+Move+May+17%3B+Fifty-Eighth+Street+Plan+Modified+by+%27Prohibition+and+Bolshevism%27&rft.pages=28&rft.date=1919-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9C06E3DE1338EE32A25754C0A9639C946896D6CF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith2007595-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith2007595_100-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith2007">Smith 2007</a>, p. 595.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: H. M. Biggs' "Preventive Medicine in the City of New York: The Address in Public Medicine Delivered at the 65th Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association, in Montreal, Canada, September, 1897" (1897)</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: The American Architect and Building News Company's "American Architect and Architecture" (1898)</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: W. T. Comstock's "Architecture and Building" (1898)</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: M. King's "Kings Handbook of New York City" (1898)</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: Electrical Engineer's "Electrical Engineer" (1893)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company1898" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">The American Architect and Building News Company (1898). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xYlMAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA3"><i>American Architect and Architecture</i></a>. Vol. 59–62 (Public domain ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: The American Architect and Building News Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160518051315/https://books.google.com/books?id=xYlMAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA3">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Architect+and+Architecture&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=The+American+Architect+and+Building+News+Company&rft.date=1898&rft.au=The+American+Architect+and+Building+News+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxYlMAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DRA1-PA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernardo2010" class="citation book cs1">Bernardo, Mark (July 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=atQ5xqcsYLMC&pg=PA40"><i>Mad Men's Manhattan: The Insider's Guide</i></a>. Roaring Forties Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9843165-7-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9843165-7-1"><bdi>978-0-9843165-7-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mad+Men%27s+Manhattan%3A+The+Insider%27s+Guide&rft.pub=Roaring+Forties+Press&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.isbn=978-0-9843165-7-1&rft.aulast=Bernardo&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DatQ5xqcsYLMC%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiggs1897" class="citation book cs1">Biggs, Hermann Michael (1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bhk_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA29"><i>Preventive Medicine in the City of New York: The Address in Public Medicine Delivered at the 65th Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association, in Montreal, Canada, September, 1897</i></a>. Vol. 9 (Public domain ed.). Health Department.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Preventive+Medicine+in+the+City+of+New+York%3A+The+Address+in+Public+Medicine+Delivered+at+the+65th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+British+Medical+Association%2C+in+Montreal%2C+Canada%2C+September%2C+1897&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=Health+Department&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Biggs&rft.aufirst=Hermann+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dbhk_AQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlanke2002" class="citation book cs1">Blanke, David (January 1, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wjaZaYLwq08C&pg=PA121"><i>The 1910s</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31251-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31251-9"><bdi>978-0-313-31251-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160424202251/https://books.google.com/books?id=wjaZaYLwq08C&pg=PA121">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+1910s&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-313-31251-9&rft.aulast=Blanke&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwjaZaYLwq08C%26pg%3DPA121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell1916" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Mrs. David Allen (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G3NFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA77"><i>The Musical Monitor</i></a> (Public domain ed.). Mrs. David Allen Campbell, Publisher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160428164851/https://books.google.com/books?id=G3NFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA77">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Musical+Monitor&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=Mrs.+David+Allen+Campbell%2C+Publisher&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Mrs.+David+Allen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG3NFAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCashman1988" class="citation book cs1">Cashman, Sean Dennis (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lj_Ra-rITeUC&pg=PA373"><i>America in the Age of the Titans: The Progressive Era and World War I</i></a>. NYU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-1411-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-1411-9"><bdi>978-0-8147-1411-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603104939/https://books.google.com/books?id=lj_Ra-rITeUC&pg=PA373">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America+in+the+Age+of+the+Titans%3A+The+Progressive+Era+and+World+War+I&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-1411-9&rft.aulast=Cashman&rft.aufirst=Sean+Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlj_Ra-rITeUC%26pg%3DPA373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComstock1898" class="citation book cs1">Comstock, William T. (1898). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LA4aAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA51"><i>Architecture and Building</i></a>. Vol. 28 (Public domain ed.). New York: W.T. Comstock.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architecture+and+Building&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=W.T.+Comstock&rft.date=1898&rft.aulast=Comstock&rft.aufirst=William+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLA4aAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraven2009" class="citation book cs1">Craven, Wayne (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1BrBHQfpEcAC&pg=PA35"><i>Gilded Mansions: Grand Architecture and High Society</i></a>. W.W. Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-06754-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-06754-5"><bdi>978-0-393-06754-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gilded+Mansions%3A+Grand+Architecture+and+High+Society&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-393-06754-5&rft.aulast=Craven&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1BrBHQfpEcAC%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElectrical_Engineer1893" class="citation book cs1">Electrical Engineer (1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gOVQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA591"><i>Electrical Engineer</i></a>. Vol. XV (Public domain ed.). Electrical Engineer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160511160810/https://books.google.com/books?id=gOVQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA591">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Electrical+Engineer&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=Electrical+Engineer&rft.date=1893&rft.au=Electrical+Engineer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgOVQAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1893" class="citation book cs1">King, Moses (1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_MEEAAAAAYAAJ_2"><i>Kings Handbook of New York City</i></a> (Public domain ed.). M. King. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_MEEAAAAAYAAJ_2/page/n221">218</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kings+Handbook+of+New+York+City&rft.pages=218&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=M.+King&rft.date=1893&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Moses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_MEEAAAAAYAAJ_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlein2005" class="citation book cs1">Klein, Henry H. (December 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=02sM1xT1jdsC&pg=PA25"><i>Dynastic America and Those Who Own It</i></a>. Cosimo, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59605-671-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59605-671-8"><bdi>978-1-59605-671-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603014604/https://books.google.com/books?id=02sM1xT1jdsC&pg=PA25">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynastic+America+and+Those+Who+Own+It&rft.pub=Cosimo%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.isbn=978-1-59605-671-8&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Henry+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D02sM1xT1jdsC%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuntzSmith1998" class="citation book cs1">Kuntz, Tom; Smith, William Alden (March 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r7O0C6Lng1UC&pg=PA77"><i>The Titanic Disaster Hearings</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-671-02553-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-671-02553-3"><bdi>978-0-671-02553-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Titanic+Disaster+Hearings&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.isbn=978-0-671-02553-3&rft.aulast=Kuntz&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Smith%2C+William+Alden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr7O0C6Lng1UC%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLashleyLynchMorrison2007" class="citation book cs1">Lashley, Conrad; Lynch, Paul; Morrison, Alison J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NvB7Opz0CxkC&pg=PA102"><i>Hospitality: A Social Lens</i></a>. Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-045093-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-045093-3"><bdi>978-0-08-045093-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160527210941/https://books.google.com/books?id=NvB7Opz0CxkC&pg=PA102">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hospitality%3A+A+Social+Lens&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-08-045093-3&rft.aulast=Lashley&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft.au=Lynch%2C+Paul&rft.au=Morrison%2C+Alison+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNvB7Opz0CxkC%26pg%3DPA102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard1908" class="citation book cs1">Leonard, John W. (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinpennsyl00leon"><i>Who's who in Pennsylvania: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporaries</i></a> (Public domain ed.). L. R. Hammersly. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinpennsyl00leon/page/81">81</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+who+in+Pennsylvania%3A+A+Biographical+Dictionary+of+Contemporaries&rft.pages=81&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=L.+R.+Hammersly&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhoswhoinpennsyl00leon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931" class="citation book cs1">McCarthy, James Remington; Rutherford, John (1931). <i>Peacock alley : the romance of the Waldorf-Astoria</i>. Harper. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015002634015">2027/mdp.39015002634015</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peacock+alley+%3A+the+romance+of+the+Waldorf-Astoria&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=1931&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015002634015&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=James+Remington&rft.au=Rutherford%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMock2007" class="citation book cs1">Mock, Carlos T. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Zu4gAQAAIAAJ"><i>Papi Chulo: A Legend, a Novel, and the Puerto Rican Identity</i></a>. Floricanto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9796457-0-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9796457-0-9"><bdi>978-0-9796457-0-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Papi+Chulo%3A+A+Legend%2C+a+Novel%2C+and+the+Puerto+Rican+Identity&rft.pub=Floricanto+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-9796457-0-9&rft.aulast=Mock&rft.aufirst=Carlos+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZu4gAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorehouse_III1991" class="citation book cs1">Morehouse III, Ward (1991). <i>The Waldorf Astoria: America's Gilded Dream</i>. Xlibris, Corp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1413465044" title="Special:BookSources/978-1413465044"><bdi>978-1413465044</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Waldorf+Astoria%3A+America%27s+Gilded+Dream&rft.pub=Xlibris%2C+Corp.&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-1413465044&rft.aulast=Morehouse+III&rft.aufirst=Ward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (December 2017)">self-published source</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrison2014" class="citation book cs1">Morrison, William Alan (April 14, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MAUaAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA105"><i>Waldorf Astoria</i></a>. Arcadia Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4671-2128-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4671-2128-6"><bdi>978-1-4671-2128-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160506201035/https://books.google.com/books?id=MAUaAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA105">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Waldorf+Astoria&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2014-04-14&rft.isbn=978-1-4671-2128-6&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=William+Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMAUaAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasaw2007" class="citation book cs1">Nasaw, David (October 30, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aiGewkGMBRgC&pg=PT841"><i>Andrew Carnegie</i></a>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-101-20179-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-101-20179-4"><bdi>978-1-101-20179-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160623202724/https://books.google.com/books?id=aiGewkGMBRgC&pg=PT841">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andrew+Carnegie&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2007-10-30&rft.isbn=978-1-101-20179-4&rft.aulast=Nasaw&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaiGewkGMBRgC%26pg%3DPT841&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeifer1998" class="citation book cs1">Seifer, Marc (May 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DzMR8x_rbPgC&pg=PA204"><i>Wizard: The Life And Times Of Nikola Tesla: The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla</i></a>. Citadel. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8065-3556-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8065-3556-2"><bdi>978-0-8065-3556-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505063852/https://books.google.com/books?id=DzMR8x_rbPgC&pg=PA204">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wizard%3A+The+Life+And+Times+Of+Nikola+Tesla%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Nikola+Tesla&rft.pub=Citadel&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8065-3556-2&rft.aulast=Seifer&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDzMR8x_rbPgC%26pg%3DPA204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Andrew F. (May 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AoWlCmNDA3QC&pg=PA595"><i>The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530796-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530796-2"><bdi>978-0-19-530796-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429204646/https://books.google.com/books?id=AoWlCmNDA3QC&pg=PA595">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+American+Food+and+Drink&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007-05-01&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530796-2&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Andrew+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAoWlCmNDA3QC%26pg%3DPA595&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuccess_Company1907" class="citation book cs1">Success Company (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MFgwAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA14"><i>Success Magazine and the National Post</i></a> (Public domain ed.). Success Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160507205639/https://books.google.com/books?id=MFgwAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA14">Archived</a> from the original on May 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Success+Magazine+and+the+National+Post&rft.edition=Public+domain&rft.pub=Success+Company&rft.date=1907&rft.au=Success+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMFgwAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTauranac2014" class="citation book cs1">Tauranac, John (March 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s_4pAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114"><i>The Empire State Building: The Making of a Landmark</i></a>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-7109-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-7109-4"><bdi>978-0-8014-7109-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160729074350/https://books.google.com/books?id=s_4pAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Empire+State+Building%3A+The+Making+of+a+Landmark&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2014-03-21&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-7109-4&rft.aulast=Tauranac&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds_4pAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaldorf-Astoria+%281893%E2%80%931929%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Waldorf-Astoria_(1893-1929)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Waldorf-Astoria (1893-1929)">Waldorf-Astoria (1893-1929)</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Midtown_(30th–42nd_Sts)_and_Midtown_South" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Midtown_South,_Manhattan" title="Template:Midtown South, Manhattan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Midtown_South,_Manhattan" title="Template talk:Midtown South, Manhattan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Midtown_South,_Manhattan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Midtown South, Manhattan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Midtown_(30th–42nd_Sts)_and_Midtown_South" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown (30th–42nd Sts)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midtown_South" title="Midtown South">Midtown South</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Buildings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th Av – 5th Av</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Penn_Plaza" title="One Penn Plaza">One Penn Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_Times_Square" title="5 Times Square">5 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Times_Square" title="Eleven Times Square">11 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_Penn_Plaza" title="15 Penn Plaza">15 Penn Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/130_West_30th_Street" title="130 West 30th Street">130 W 30th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/390_Fifth_Avenue" title="390 Fifth Avenue">350 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/452_Fifth_Avenue" title="452 Fifth Avenue">452 5th Av (HSBC Tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1065_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1065 Avenue of the Americas">1065 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1095_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1095 Avenue of the Americas">1095 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Radiator_Building" title="American Radiator Building">American Radiator Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bryant" title="The Bryant">The Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Park_Studios" title="Bryant Park Studios">Bryant Park Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_Tower" title="Bush Tower">Bush Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candler_Building_(New_York_City)" title="Candler Building (New York City)">Candler Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Continental_NYC" title="The Continental NYC">The Continental NYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineering_Societies%27_Building" title="Engineering Societies' Building">Engineering Societies' Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineers%27_Club_Building" title="Engineers' Club Building">Engineers' Club Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Epic_(building)" title="The Epic (building)">The Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Savings_Bank_Building" title="Greenwich Savings Bank Building">Greenwich Savings Bank Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Farley_Building" title="James A. Farley Building">James A. Farley Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor_Building" title="Lord & Taylor Building">Lord & Taylor Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macy%27s_Herald_Square" title="Macy's Herald Square">Macy's Herald Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Mall" title="Manhattan Mall">Manhattan Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbridge_Building" title="Marbridge Building">Marbridge Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Million_Dollar_Corner" title="Million Dollar Corner">Million Dollar Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Music_Building" title="The Music Building">Music Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Tower" title="Nelson Tower">Nelson Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Building" title="The New York Times Building">New York Times Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Plaza" title="Pennsylvania Plaza">Pennsylvania Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springs_Mills_Building" title="Springs Mills Building">Springs Mills Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Tower" title="Times Square Tower">Times Square Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th Av – 3rd Av<br />(<abbr title="including">incl.</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Murray Hill, Manhattan">Murray Hill</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Grand_Central_Place" title="One Grand Central Place">One Grand Central Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Park_Avenue" title="2 Park Avenue">2 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Park_Avenue" title="3 Park Avenue">3 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Park_Avenue" title="4 Park Avenue">4 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_East_40th_Street" title="10 East 40th Street">10 E 40th St</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=18_East_41st_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="18 East 41st Street (page does not exist)">18 E 41st St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_East_32nd_Street" title="29 East 32nd Street">29 E 32nd St (Grolier Club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/101_Park_Avenue" title="101 Park Avenue">101 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/110_East_42nd_Street" title="110 East 42nd Street">110 E 42nd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/146_East_38th_Street" title="146 East 38th Street">146 East 38th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/152_East_38th_Street" title="152 East 38th Street">152 East 38th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/200_Madison_Avenue" title="200 Madison Avenue">200 Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/275_Madison_Avenue" title="275 Madison Avenue">275 Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_Fifth_Avenue" title="425 Fifth Avenue">425 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/461_Fifth_Avenue" title="461 Fifth Avenue">461 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_L._T._Douglas_House" title="Adelaide L. T. Douglas House">Adelaide L. T. Douglas House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allerton_39th_Street_House" title="Allerton 39th Street House">Allerton 39th Street House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanin_Building" title="Chanin Building">Chanin Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Club_/_Estonian_House" title="Civic Club / Estonian House">Civic Club / Estonian House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_Club" title="Colony Club">Colony Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demarest_Building" title="Demarest Building">Demarest Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Bowdoin_Stable" title="George S. Bowdoin Stable">George S. Bowdoin Stable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_W._Allen_Stable" title="Jonathan W. Allen Stable">Jonathan W. Allen Stable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Raphael_De_Lamar_House" title="Joseph Raphael De Lamar House">Joseph Raphael De Lamar House</a> (<a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Poland,_New_York_City" title="Consulate General of Poland, New York City">Polish Consulate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefcourt_Colonial_Building" title="Lefcourt Colonial Building">Lefcourt Colonial Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Belmont_Building" title="Madison Belmont Building">Madison Belmont Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Building" title="Pershing Square Building">Pershing Square Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robb_House_(New_York_City)" title="Robb House (New York City)">Robb House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socony%E2%80%93Mobil_Building" title="Socony–Mobil Building">Socony–Mobil Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_and_Company_Building" title="Tiffany and Company Building">Tiffany and Company Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_League_Club" title="Union League Club">Union League Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_Club" title="Williams Club">Williams Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Hall_Building" title="Bryant Hall Building">Bryant Hall Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaskel_and_Kaskel_Building" title="Kaskel and Kaskel Building">Kaskel and Kaskel Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latting_Observatory" title="Latting Observatory">Latting Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Station_(1910%E2%80%931963)" title="Pennsylvania Station (1910–1963)">Pennsylvania Station</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Waldorf–Astoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shops, restaurants, nightlife</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ai_Fiori" title="Ai Fiori">Ai Fiori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_China" title="Café China">Café China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cutting_Room" title="The Cutting Room">The Cutting Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Levine_Books_and_Judaica" title="J. Levine Books and Judaica">J. Levine Books and Judaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keens_Steakhouse" title="Keens Steakhouse">Keens Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lan_Sheng" title="Lan Sheng">Lan Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okdongsik" title="Okdongsik">Okdongsik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang%27s_Steakhouse" title="Wolfgang's Steakhouse">Wolfgang's Steakhouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums/cultural centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Scout_Museum_and_Archives" title="Girl Scout Museum and Archives">Girl Scout Museum and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houdini_Museum_of_New_York" title="Houdini Museum of New York">Houdini Museum of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Library_%26_Museum" title="Morgan Library & Museum">Morgan Library & Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Dog" title="Museum of the Dog">Museum of the Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavia_House_%E2%80%93_The_Nordic_Center_in_America" title="Scandinavia House – The Nordic Center in America">Scandinavia House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hotels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Grand Hotel (New York City)">Grand Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Knickerbocker_Hotel" title="The Knickerbocker Hotel">The Knickerbocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Langham,_New_York" title="The Langham, New York">The Langham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_Hotel" title="Library Hotel">Library Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique_New_York_on_Broadway,_Curio_Collection_by_Hilton" title="Martinique New York on Broadway, Curio Collection by Hilton">Martinique New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_McAlpin" title="Hotel McAlpin">Hotel McAlpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Pennsylvania" title="Hotel Pennsylvania">Hotel Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Roger_Hotel" title="The Roger Hotel">The Roger Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wilbraham" title="The Wilbraham">The Wilbraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Wolcott" title="Hotel Wolcott">Hotel Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyndham_New_Yorker_Hotel" title="Wyndham New Yorker Hotel">Wyndham New Yorker Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Venues and theaters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empire_Theatre_(42nd_Street)" title="Empire Theatre (42nd Street)">AMC Empire 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Amsterdam_Theatre" title="New Amsterdam Theatre">New Amsterdam Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nederlander_Theatre" title="Nederlander Theatre">Nederlander Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Theater_at_Madison_Square_Garden" title="The Theater at Madison Square Garden">The Theater at Madison Square Garden</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anco_Cinema" title="Anco Cinema">Anco Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Belmont Hotel (New York City)">Belmont Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Theatre_(41st_Street)" title="Broadway Theatre (41st Street)">Broadway Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browne%27s_Chop_House" title="Browne's Chop House">Browne's Chop House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Rouge_(Hotel_Pennsylvania)" title="Cafe Rouge (Hotel Pennsylvania)">Cafe Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrick_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Garrick Theatre (New York City)">Garrick Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herald_Square_Theatre" title="Herald Square Theatre">Herald Square Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Pierrepont" title="Hotel Pierrepont">Hotel Pierrepont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajitsu" title="Kajitsu">Kajitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Theatre" title="Liberty Theatre">Liberty Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxine_Elliott%27s_Theatre" title="Maxine Elliott's Theatre">Maxine Elliott's Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Opera_House_(39th_Street)" title="Metropolitan Opera House (39th Street)">Metropolitan Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgans_Hotel" title="Morgans Hotel">Morgans Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Theatre_(New_York_City,_1913%E2%80%931955)" title="Princess Theatre (New York City, 1913–1955)">Princess Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben%27s_Restaurant" title="Reuben's Restaurant">Reuben's Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_H._Harris_Theatre" title="Sam H. Harris Theatre">Sam H. Harris Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Savoy Theatre (New York City)">Savoy Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_points_of_interest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other points of interest</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Green spaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Park" title="Bryant Park">Bryant Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Newmark_Graduate_School_of_Journalism_at_the_City_University_of_New_York" title="Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism at the City University of New York">CUNY Graduate School of Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_School_of_Professional_Studies" title="CUNY School of Professional Studies">CUNY School of Professional Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guttman_Community_College" title="Guttman Community College">Guttman Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Art_and_Design" title="High School of Art and Design">High School of Art and Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">New York Public Library Main Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas_High_School" title="Norman Thomas High School">Norman Thomas High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavros_Niarchos_Foundation_Library" title="Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library">Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stern_College_for_Women" title="Stern College for Women">Stern College for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Esper_Studio" title="William Esper Studio">William Esper Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_Tob%C3%A9%E2%80%93Coburn_School" title="Wood Tobé–Coburn School">Wood Tobé–Coburn School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Evangelical_Church_of_New_York" title="Armenian Evangelical Church of New York">Armenian Evangelical Church of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Zen_Institute_of_America" title="First Zen Institute of America">First Zen Institute of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Innocents_Church_(New_York_City)" title="Holy Innocents Church (New York City)">Holy Innocents Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millinery_Center_Synagogue" title="Millinery Center Synagogue">Millinery Center Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Saviour_Roman_Catholic_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Our Saviour Roman Catholic Church (Manhattan)">Our Saviour Roman Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemer_Presbyterian_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Redeemer Presbyterian Church (Manhattan)">Redeemer Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_of_Assisi_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. Francis of Assisi Church (Manhattan)">St. Francis of Assisi Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Transportation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Transportation</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a></span><a href="/wiki/33rd_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="33rd Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">33rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Street%E2%80%93Penn_Station_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" title="34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">34th Street–Penn Station</a></li> <li><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a></span><a href="/wiki/34th_Street%E2%80%93Herald_Square_station" title="34th Street–Herald Square station">34th Street–Herald Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Street%E2%80%93Penn_Station_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" title="34th Street–Penn Station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">34th Street–Penn Station</a></li> <li><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a></span><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Bryant_Park/Fifth_Avenue_station" title="42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue station">42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a></span><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Port_Authority_Bus_Terminal_station" title="42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station">42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal</a></li> <li><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a></span><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Grand Central–42nd Street station">Grand Central–42nd Street</a></li> <li><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a></span><a href="/wiki/Times_Square%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Times Square–42nd Street station">Times Square–42nd Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railroad/bus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Madison" title="Grand Central Madison">Grand Central Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Penn_Station" title="New York Penn Station">New York Penn Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_Bus_Terminal" title="Port Authority Bus Terminal">Port Authority Bus Terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets and intersections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue" title="Third Avenue">Third Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Avenue" title="Sixth Avenue">Sixth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Eighth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herald_Square" title="Herald Square">Herald Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Park Avenue Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Samler_farm" title="Caspar Samler farm">Caspar Samler farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garment_District,_Manhattan" title="Garment District, Manhattan">Garment District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown,_Manhattan" title="Koreatown, Manhattan">Koreatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Murray Hill, Manhattan">Murray Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sniffen_Court_Historic_District" title="Sniffen Court Historic District">Sniffen Court Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_Manhattan" title="Tenderloin, Manhattan">Tenderloin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_5" title="Manhattan Community Board 5">Manhattan Community Board 5</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Structures_on_Fifth_Avenue_in_Manhattan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fifth_Avenue" title="Template:Fifth Avenue"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fifth_Avenue" title="Template talk:Fifth Avenue"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fifth_Avenue" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fifth Avenue"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Structures_on_Fifth_Avenue_in_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Structures on <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Below_34th_Street" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Below <a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th Street</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Fifth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="One Fifth Avenue (Manhattan)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmagundi_Club" title="Salmagundi Club">47 (Salmagundi Club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_Building" title="Judge Building">110 (Judge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribner_Building" title="Scribner Building">153 (Scribner)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/935%E2%80%93939_Broadway" title="935–939 Broadway">159–161</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohmer_Piano_Building" title="Sohmer Piano Building">170 (Sohmer Piano)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Building" title="Flatiron Building">173 (Flatiron)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Center" title="Toy Center">200 (Toy Center)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Madison" title="The Grand Madison">255 (Grand Madison)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Collegiate_Church" title="Marble Collegiate Church">272 (Marble Collegiate Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_House_(New_York_City)" title="Holland House (New York City)">276 (Holland House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/277_Fifth_Avenue" title="277 Fifth Avenue">277</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wilbraham" title="The Wilbraham">284 (The Wilbraham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demarest_Building" title="Demarest Building">339 (Demarest)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">350 (Empire State)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="34th–59th_Streets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">34th–<a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th Streets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._Altman_and_Company_Building" title="B. Altman and Company Building">355 (B. Altman and Company)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/390_Fifth_Avenue" title="390 Fifth Avenue">390 (Gorham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Langham,_New_York" title="The Langham, New York">400 (The Langham, New York)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_and_Company_Building" title="Tiffany and Company Building">401 (Tiffany and Company)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor_Building" title="Lord & Taylor Building">424 (Lord & Taylor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_Fifth_Avenue" title="425 Fifth Avenue">425</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/452_Fifth_Avenue" title="452 Fifth Avenue">452 (HSBC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavros_Niarchos_Foundation_Library" title="Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library">453 (Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/461_Fifth_Avenue" title="461 Fifth Avenue">461</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">476 (New York Public Library)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_Fifth_Avenue" title="500 Fifth Avenue">500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturers_Trust_Company_Building" title="Manufacturers Trust Company Building">510 (Manufacturers Trust Company)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520_Fifth_Avenue" title="520 Fifth Avenue">520</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_F._French_Building" title="Fred F. French Building">551 (Fred F. French)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Center" title="Philippine Center">556 (Philippine Center)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons_Building" title="Charles Scribner's Sons Building">597 (Charles Scribner's Sons)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/608_Fifth_Avenue" title="608 Fifth Avenue">608 (Goelet/Swiss Center)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue_flagship_store" title="Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store">617–623 (Saks Fifth Avenue/Swiss Bank Tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Cathedral_(Midtown_Manhattan)" title="St. Patrick's Cathedral (Midtown Manhattan)">St. Patrick's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Center" title="Rockefeller Center">Rockefeller Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire_Building" title="British Empire Building">British Empire Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Maison_Francaise_(Rockefeller_Center)" title="La Maison Francaise (Rockefeller Center)">La Maison Francaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Building_(Rockefeller_Center)" title="International Building (Rockefeller Center)">International Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Tower" title="Olympic Tower">641 (Olympic Tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/647_Fifth_Avenue" title="647 Fifth Avenue">647</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/650_Fifth_Avenue" title="650 Fifth Avenue">650</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartier_Building" title="Cartier Building">653 (Cartier)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/660_Fifth_Avenue" title="660 Fifth Avenue">660</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Saint Thomas Church (Manhattan)">Saint Thomas Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Club_of_New_York" title="University Club of New York">University Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/689_Fifth_Avenue" title="689 Fifth Avenue">689 (Aeolian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Regis_New_York" title="St. Regis New York">693 (St. Regis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Peninsula_New_York" title="The Peninsula New York">696 (The Peninsula)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Presbyterian_Church" title="Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church">Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/712_Fifth_Avenue" title="712 Fifth Avenue">712</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coty_Building" title="Coty Building">714 (Coty)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Tower" title="Trump Tower">721 (Trump Tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co._flagship_store" title="Tiffany & Co. flagship store">727 (Tiffany & Co.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Building_(Manhattan)" title="Crown Building (Manhattan)">730 (Crown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman_Building" title="Bergdorf Goodman Building">754 (Bergdorf Goodman Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Building_(Manhattan)" title="General Motors Building (Manhattan)">767 (General Motors)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Fifth_Avenue" title="Apple Fifth Avenue">Apple Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Hotel" title="Plaza Hotel">768 (Plaza Hotel)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="59th–96th_Streets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">59th–<a href="/wiki/96th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="96th Street (Manhattan)">96th Streets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Sherry-Netherland" title="The Sherry-Netherland">781 (The Sherry-Netherland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Cinq" title="Park Cinq">785 (Park Cinq)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Club_(New_York_City)" title="Metropolitan Club (New York City)">Metropolitan Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pierre" title="The Pierre">The Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knickerbocker_Club" title="Knickerbocker Club">Knickerbocker Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/810_Fifth_Avenue" title="810 Fifth Avenue">810</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/820_Fifth_Avenue" title="820 Fifth Avenue">820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/825_Fifth_Avenue" title="825 Fifth Avenue">825</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Berwind_House" title="Edward J. Berwind House">Edward J. Berwind House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_of_New_York_(1930)" title="Temple Emanu-El of New York (1930)">Temple Emanu-El of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/834_Fifth_Avenue" title="834 Fifth Avenue">834</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._William_B._Astor_House" title="Mrs. William B. Astor House">Mrs. William B. Astor House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/880_Fifth_Avenue" title="880 Fifth Avenue">880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Frick_House" title="Henry Clay Frick House">Henry Clay Frick House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frick_Collection" title="Frick Collection">Frick Collection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/907_Fifth_Avenue" title="907 Fifth Avenue">907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/927_Fifth_Avenue" title="927 Fifth Avenue">927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/930_Fifth_Avenue" title="930 Fifth Avenue">930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_S._Harkness_House" title="Edward S. Harkness House">Edward S. Harkness House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/960_Fifth_Avenue" title="960 Fifth Avenue">960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Duke_House" title="James B. Duke House">James B. Duke House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payne_Whitney_House" title="Payne Whitney House">972 (Payne Whitney House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Sinclair_House" title="Harry F. Sinclair House">974 (Harry F. Sinclair House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/995_Fifth_Avenue" title="995 Fifth Avenue">995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/998_Fifth_Avenue" title="998 Fifth Avenue">998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Met_Fifth_Avenue" title="The Met Fifth Avenue">1000 (Metropolitan Museum of Art)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_N._Duke_House" title="Benjamin N. Duke House">1009 (Benjamin N. Duke House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1020_Fifth_Avenue" title="1020 Fifth Avenue">1020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1040_Fifth_Avenue" title="1040 Fifth Avenue">1040</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Starr_Miller_House" title="William Starr Miller House">1048</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Galerie_New_York" title="Neue Galerie New York">Neue Galerie New York</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1049_Fifth_Avenue" title="1049 Fifth Avenue">1049</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1067_Fifth_Avenue" title="1067 Fifth Avenue">1067</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_R._Guggenheim_Museum" title="Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum">1071 (Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Heavenly_Rest" title="Church of the Heavenly Rest">1085 (Church of the Heavenly Rest)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie_Mansion" title="Andrew Carnegie Mansion">Andrew Carnegie Mansion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Hewitt,_Smithsonian_Design_Museum" title="Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum">Cooper Hewitt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_H._Kahn_House" title="Otto H. Kahn House">Otto H. Kahn House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_M._Warburg_House" title="Felix M. Warburg House">1109 (Felix M. Warburg House)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_(Manhattan)" title="Jewish Museum (Manhattan)">Jewish Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_D._Straight_House" title="Willard D. Straight House">1130 (Willard D. Straight House)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Above_96th_Street" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Above 96th Street</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_Hospital_(Manhattan)" title="Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)">Mount Sinai Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_City_of_New_York" title="Museum of the City of New York">1220 (Museum of the City of New York)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Museo_del_Barrio" title="El Museo del Barrio">1230 (El Museo del Barrio)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Africa_Center" title="The Africa Center">1280 (The Africa Center)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Andrew%27s_Episcopal_Church_(New_York_City)" title="St. Andrew's Episcopal Church (New York City)">2067 (St. Andrew's Episcopal Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/369th_Regiment_Armory" title="369th Regiment Armory">2366 (369th Regiment Armory)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Parks_and_park_features" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Parks and park features</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Park" title="Bryant Park">Bryant Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_(Central_Park)" title="Arsenal (Central Park)">Arsenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_Zoo" title="Central Park Zoo">Central Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatory_Garden" title="Conservatory Garden">Conservatory Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_Meer" title="Harlem Meer">Harlem Meer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plaza</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Tecumseh_Sherman_(Saint-Gaudens)" title="William Tecumseh Sherman (Saint-Gaudens)">William Tecumseh Sherman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Fountain" title="Pulitzer Fountain">Pulitzer Fountain</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_and_Madison_Square_Park" title="Madison Square and Madison Square Park">Madison Square Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Garvey_Park" title="Marcus Garvey Park">Marcus Garvey Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_Fire_Watchtower" title="Harlem Fire Watchtower">Harlem Fire Watchtower</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_Park" title="Washington Square Park">Washington Square Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_Arch" title="Washington Square Arch">Arch</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Subway_stations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway stations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Bryant_Park/Fifth_Avenue_station" title="42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue station">42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue/53rd_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue/53rd Street station">Fifth Avenue/53rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue%E2%80%9359th_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue–59th Street station">Fifth Avenue–59th Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Former" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Former</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Hotel" title="Fifth Avenue Hotel">200 (Fifth Avenue Hotel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Victoria_(New_York_City)" title="Hotel Victoria (New York City)">Hotel Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fifth_Avenue_Hotel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Fifth Avenue Hotel (page does not exist)">Fifth Avenue Hotel (28th Street)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Samler_farm" title="Caspar Samler farm">Caspar Samler farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaskel_and_Kaskel_Building" title="Kaskel and Kaskel Building">316 (Kaskel and Kaskel)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">350 (Waldorf–Astoria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther_Building_(Fifth_Avenue)" title="Gunther Building (Fifth Avenue)">391 (Gunther)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Presbyterian_Church" title="West Presbyterian Church">West Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(New_York,_1868)" title="Temple Emanu-El (New York, 1868)">Temple Emanu-El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Triple_Palace" title="Vanderbilt Triple Palace">Vanderbilt Triple Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_K._Vanderbilt_House" title="William K. Vanderbilt House">William K. Vanderbilt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy-Plaza_Hotel" title="Savoy-Plaza Hotel">767 (Savoy-Plaza Hotel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbridge_T._Gerry_Mansion" title="Elbridge T. Gerry Mansion">Elbridge T. Gerry Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._William_B._Astor_House" title="Mrs. William B. Astor House">840 (Mrs. William B. Astor House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Gould_House" title="Jay Gould House">857 (Jay Gould House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Gould_House" title="George J. Gould House">857 (George J. Gould House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern_House" title="Isaac Stern House">858 (Isaac Stern House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Whitney_House" title="William C. Whitney House">871 (William C. Whitney House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogden_Mills_House" title="Ogden Mills House">Ogden Mills House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Library_(New_York_City)" title="Lenox Library (New York City)">Lenox Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark_House" title="William A. Clark House">962 (William A. Clark House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Salomon_House" title="William Salomon House">1020 (William Salomon House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Speyer_House" title="James Speyer House">1058 (James Speyer House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Phipps_House" title="Henry Phipps House">1063 (Henry Phipps House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Ruppert_Sr._House" title="Jacob Ruppert Sr. House">1115 (Jacob Ruppert Sr. House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_L._Mott_House" title="Jordan L. Mott House">2122 (Jordan L. Mott House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(New_York_City)" title="Temple Beth-El (New York City)">Temple Beth-El</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Template:Waldorf Astoria New York"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Template talk:Waldorf Astoria New York"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Waldorf Astoria New York"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Original hotel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Waldorf_Astor" title="William Waldorf Astor">William Waldorf Astor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor_IV" title="John Jacob Astor IV">John Jacob Astor IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Janeway_Hardenbergh" title="Henry Janeway Hardenbergh">Henry Janeway Hardenbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Boldt" title="George Boldt">George Boldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Tschirky" title="Oscar Tschirky">Oscar Tschirky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_M._Boomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius M. Boomer (page does not exist)">Lucius M. Boomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Sherry" title="Louis Sherry">Louis Sherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf%E2%80%93Astoria_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Waldorf–Astoria Orchestra">Waldorf–Astoria Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_Cigar_Company" title="Waldorf-Astoria Cigar Company">Waldorf-Astoria Cigar Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Present hotel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_in_Paris_Ball" title="April in Paris Ball">April in Paris Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Hilton" title="Conrad Hilton">Conrad Hilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Debutante_Ball" title="International Debutante Ball">International Debutante Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doherty_(chef)" title="John Doherty (chef)">John Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lang_(restaurateur)" title="George Lang (restaurateur)">George Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsa_Maxwell" title="Elsa Maxwell">Elsa Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Philippe" title="Claude Philippe">Claude Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_W._Salomone_Jr." title="Alphonse W. Salomone Jr.">Alphonse W. Salomone Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arno_Schmidt_(chef)" title="Arno Schmidt (chef)">Arno Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schultze_%26_Weaver" title="Schultze & Weaver">Schultze & Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_61_(New_York_City)" title="Track 61 (New York City)">Track 61</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_Icon_-_Hotel.png/19px-Map_Icon_-_Hotel.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_Icon_-_Hotel.png/29px-Map_Icon_-_Hotel.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_Icon_-_Hotel.png/38px-Map_Icon_-_Hotel.png 2x" data-file-width="5334" data-file-height="5334" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hotels" title="Portal:Hotels">Hotels</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/21px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/42px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York_City" title="Portal:New York City">New York City</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_parthenon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/21px-P_parthenon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/32px-P_parthenon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/42px-P_parthenon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Architecture" title="Portal:Architecture">Architecture</a></li></ul></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&params=40_44_54_N_73_59_08_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°44′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°59′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.74833°N 73.98556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.74833; -73.98556</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893–1929)&oldid=1258627985">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893–1929)&oldid=1258627985</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Category:Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1893_establishments_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:1893 establishments in New York (state)">1893 establishments in New York (state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hotels_established_in_1893" title="Category:Hotels established in 1893">Hotels established in 1893</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_demolished_in_1929" title="Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 1929">Buildings and structures demolished in 1929</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Astor_family" title="Category:Astor family">Astor family</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_hotels_in_Manhattan" title="Category:Defunct hotels in Manhattan">Defunct hotels in Manhattan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fifth_Avenue" title="Category:Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Midtown_Manhattan" title="Category:Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1929_disestablishments_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:1929 disestablishments in New York (state)">1929 disestablishments in New York (state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Demolished_buildings_and_structures_in_Manhattan" title="Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Manhattan">Demolished buildings and structures in Manhattan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Demolished_hotels_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Demolished hotels in New York City">Demolished hotels in New York City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Category:34th Street (Manhattan)">34th Street (Manhattan)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Upper_class_culture_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Upper class culture in New York City">Upper class culture in New York City</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2015" title="Category:Use mdy dates from October 2015">Use mdy dates from October 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infobox_mapframe_without_OSM_relation_ID_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata">Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_self-published_sources" title="Category:All articles with self-published sources">All articles with self-published sources</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_self-published_sources_from_December_2017" title="Category:Articles with self-published sources from December 2017">Articles with self-published sources from December 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 19:17<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-66c5b56c76-mlgqx","wgBackendResponseTime":158,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_b9bd3ebadf655b723c18159e06931dbf5077250f":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q18749268","properties":{"title":"Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929)","fill-opacity":0.5,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":3,"fill":"#606060"}},{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoline?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q18749268","properties":{"stroke-width":5,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929)"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[-73.9856,40.7483],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"title":"Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929)","marker-color":"#5E74F3"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.581","walltime":"1.818","ppvisitednodes":{"value":20552,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":290605,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":19598,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":25,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":292191,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1532.120 1 -total"," 20.62% 315.924 106 Template:Sfn"," 15.40% 235.884 28 Template:Cite_book"," 14.15% 216.843 2 Template:Reflist"," 9.90% 151.718 2 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 9.67% 148.085 7 Template:Inflation-fn"," 9.49% 145.348 1 Template:Midtown_South,_Manhattan"," 8.04% 123.193 1 Template:Infobox_building"," 6.57% 100.737 1 Template:Infobox"," 5.46% 83.693 17 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.882","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11044759,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFBernardo2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBiggs1897\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBishop,_Jim1958\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlanke2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoldt,_George\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCampbell1916\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCashman1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFComstock1898\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCraven2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElectrical_Engineer1893\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing1893\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKlein2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuntzSmith1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLashleyLynchMorrison2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeonard1908\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCarthy_and_Rutherford1931\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMock2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorehouse_III1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorrison2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNasaw2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReynold_Weidenaar1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSalzman,_Joshua_A._T.2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSeifer1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuccess_Company1907\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTauranac2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_American_Architect_and_Building_News_Company1898\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTschirky,_Oscar1937\"] = 2,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 26,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 13,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 10,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 35,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Waldorf-Astoria (New York, 1893)\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 9,\n [\"Fifth Avenue\"] = 1,\n [\"Format price\"] = 7,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 7,\n [\"Inflation-fn\"] = 7,\n [\"Inflation-year\"] = 7,\n [\"Infobox building\"] = 1,\n [\"Midtown South, Manhattan\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 10,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Open access\"] = 12,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Self-published inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 106,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Source-attribution\"] = 5,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Waldorf Astoria New York\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-754858f5b9-sbtmv","timestamp":"20241210200421","ttl":1828546,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Waldorf-Astoria (1893\u20131929)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waldorf-Astoria_(1893%E2%80%931929)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q18749268","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q18749268","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-01-06T17:16:03Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T19:17:28Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ab\/The_Waldorf_and_The_Astoria_Hotels%2C_New_York_City_c1915.jpg","headline":"former hotel in Manhattan, New York City"}</script> </body> </html>