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class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Philip Langbroek</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796303"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796303/From_the_Managing_Editor_Court_Administration_in_Europe_Management_in_a_Different_Context_Introduction_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From the Managing Editor: Court Administration in Europe – Management in a Different Context (Introduction)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796303/From_the_Managing_Editor_Court_Administration_in_Europe_Management_in_a_Different_Context_Introduction_">From the Managing Editor: Court Administration in Europe – Management in a Different Context (Introduction)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Aug 25, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">From the Managing Editor: Court Administration in Europe – Management in a Different Context. Thi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">From the Managing Editor: Court Administration in Europe – Management in a Different Context. This is an introduction to the Volume 8, No. 3 Special Issue, IACA’s International Journal for Court Administration – in cooperation with NACM’s The Court Manager. The aim of the Special Issue is to contribute to the NACM-IACA Joint Educational Conference, on Court excellence on a world wide scale July 9-13, 2017, Arlington, VA (Washington D.C.).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796303"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796303"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796303; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796302"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796302/Financing_the_Judiciary_in_the_Netherlands_Between_Work_Overload_in_the_Courts_and_Government_Control_of_the_Judicial_Budget"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: Between Work Overload in the Courts and Government Control of the Judicial Budget" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916962/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796302/Financing_the_Judiciary_in_the_Netherlands_Between_Work_Overload_in_the_Courts_and_Government_Control_of_the_Judicial_Budget">Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: Between Work Overload in the Courts and Government Control of the Judicial Budget</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Feb 7, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: between work overload in the courts and government co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: between work overload in the courts and government control of the Judicial Budget.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a2acb30182274d353126dd753daa7a3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916962,"asset_id":112796302,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916962/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796302"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796302"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796302; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796301"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796301/Organization_Development_of_the_Dutch_Judiciary_between_Accountability_and_Judicial_Independence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Organization Development of the Dutch Judiciary, between Accountability and Judicial Independence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796301/Organization_Development_of_the_Dutch_Judiciary_between_Accountability_and_Judicial_Independence">Organization Development of the Dutch Judiciary, between Accountability and Judicial Independence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jan 9, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Netherlands are a country on the European Continent with a French inspired legal system as fa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Netherlands are a country on the European Continent with a French inspired legal system as far as civil and criminal law is concerned. Administrative law has followed a different development and reflects the middle position of the Netherlands between the French, English and German administrative law systems, while maintaining a dominant procedural position of public administration. However, the organization of the Dutch judiciary mainly follows the lines of the original French conceptions: it has been organized in accordance with the concepts brought to the low countries by Napoleons’ army. This traditional continental judicial organization, operated by the ministry of justice and court presidents’ for over 150 years has gone through considerable institutional and organizational change during the last 15 years. In this article I will sketch the outcomes of a mayor evaluation research of the changes in the Dutch judiciary that started in 1995 and evolve until today. I will do this by first describing the change process against the background of the New Public Management. Second, I will describe the proposals for change and the actual changes. Finally I will describe the most salient outcomes of the evaluation study. I will conclude with a brief discussion of these outcomes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796301"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796301]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796301']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796301]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796301,"title":"Organization Development of the Dutch Judiciary, between Accountability and Judicial Independence","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796301/Organization_Development_of_the_Dutch_Judiciary_between_Accountability_and_Judicial_Independence","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796298"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796298/Uitgeleverd_aan_overlevering_De_Nederlandse_overleveringspraktijk_beschreven_gevolgd_door_een_discussie_over_de_effectuering_van_fundamentele_rechten_van_verdachten_en_veroordeelden"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Uitgeleverd aan overlevering? : De Nederlandse overleveringspraktijk beschreven, gevolgd door een discussie over de effectuering van fundamentele rechten van verdachten en veroordeelden" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796298/Uitgeleverd_aan_overlevering_De_Nederlandse_overleveringspraktijk_beschreven_gevolgd_door_een_discussie_over_de_effectuering_van_fundamentele_rechten_van_verdachten_en_veroordeelden">Uitgeleverd aan overlevering? : De Nederlandse overleveringspraktijk beschreven, gevolgd door een discussie over de effectuering van fundamentele rechten van verdachten en veroordeelden</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Delikt en Delinkwent</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796298"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796298"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796298; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796298]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796298; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796298']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796298]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796298,"title":"Uitgeleverd aan overlevering? 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They also heard from colleagues seeking to establish and maintain effective court systems in countries that either have been or currently are dealing with severe civil turmoil and war. It was an inspiring occasion, and the articles in this new issue reflect the spirit of that conference.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="35b2620fe68b83ad1bb545a3621c3d49" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916957,"asset_id":112796297,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916957/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796297"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796297"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796297; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796297]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796297]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796297; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796297']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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[ 22] Le cadre de cet article ne permet pas de préciser tous les détails et les nuances de ce...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... [ 22] Le cadre de cet article ne permet pas de préciser tous les détails et les nuances de cette analyse. Retour. [ 23] V oir Heide (W. vander) and Molenaar (DEG), « Personeel ... Retour. 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796293"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796293/The_challenge_of_change_for_judicial_systems_developing_a_public_administration_perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The challenge of change for judicial systems : developing a public administration perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796293/The_challenge_of_change_for_judicial_systems_developing_a_public_administration_perspective">The challenge of change for judicial systems : developing a public administration perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">... of court proce-dures, the prosecution, rosters, human resource management, and the applicatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... of court proce-dures, the prosecution, rosters, human resource management, and the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are ... discipline of public admini-stration can provide an extremely valuable contribution for the attainment of justice by a ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796293"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796293"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796293; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796292/Demands_of_proper_administrative_conduct_and_lt_br_and_gt_A_research_project_into_the_and_lt_i_and_gt_ombudsprudence_and_lt_i_and_gt_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demands of proper administrative conduct&lt;br&gt; A research project into the &lt;i&gt;ombudsprudence&lt;/i&gt; of the Dutch National Ombudsman" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916955/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796292/Demands_of_proper_administrative_conduct_and_lt_br_and_gt_A_research_project_into_the_and_lt_i_and_gt_ombudsprudence_and_lt_i_and_gt_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman">Demands of proper administrative conduct&lt;br&gt; A research project into the &lt;i&gt;ombudsprudence&lt;/i&gt; of the Dutch National Ombudsman</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Utrecht law review</span><span>, Dec 5, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National Ombudsman. 1 2. The Dutch National Ombudsman The National Ombudsman is a complaints instance, but can also conduct an inquiry upon his own initiative. 2 The figure of the National Ombudsman is embedded in the Dutch Constitution: he is a High Office of State, just as the Parliament, the King, the Supreme Court and the Council of State. He is appointed by the Lower House of Parliament. Everybody with a complaint against an office, officeholder or public servant within his jurisdiction, can contact the Ombudsman office in The Hague. The complaint will only be admissible when the complainant has first filed the complaint with the administrative body that caused the distress. A complaint to the National Ombudsman will only be useful after the administrative body has been given the opportunity to deal with the complaint itself. The National Ombudsman is competent in the case of national public bodies, and decentralized public bodies, as far as they have indicated the National Ombudsman as their local Ombudsman. The legal definition of a complaint refers to a written document; however, oral complaints may be delivered at the office and will be written down by Ombudsman staff. The Ombudsman may not conduct an inquiry into complaints that are suitable for legal action against decisions of administrative authorities, or for civil law suits against the public body concerned. Furthermore, the result of an inquiry by the Ombudsman is of a restricted nature: the Ombudsman delivers a report in which the judgement 'proper' or 'improper' is given. Normally, a report will contain a detailed description of the events that led to the complaints, a description of the internal complaints procedure, an extensive description of the applicable law, and an elaborate check on the lawfulness or unlawfulness of the behaviour subject to the complaint. He may also deliver some recommendations for the public authority concerned. However, the Ombudsman is not able to conduct any legal act as a response to complaints. The work of the National Ombudsman is closely related to the terms and concepts of the General Administrative Law Act. This act defines legal concepts like: 'administrative body'; 'decision' and 'complaint', and also operates and legally defines most principles of good governance. The competence of the Ombudsman is linked to the definition of these concepts, and, by his reports, he also contributes to the development of administrative law in the Netherlands. Nonetheless, it is a point of departure of the research project described below that there is a fundamental difference between principles of proper governance used in a legal framework and demands of proper governance as operated by Ombudsmen. 3. Original research design The original research design was attuned to the condition that local Ombudsmen should be convinced of the usefulness of the outcomes of this project.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="06f496bb2bddd331756d2b3912e76815" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916955,"asset_id":112796292,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916955/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796292"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796292; 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Schulz, Courts and Judges on Trial, Analysing and Managing the Discourses of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Review of: Pamela D. Schulz, Courts and Judges on Trial, Analysing and Managing the Discourses of Disapproval. ISBN 978-3-643=10621-6 Lit Verlag, dr. W. Hopf, Berlin 2010, 29.90 EUR.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796280"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796280"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796280; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796280]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796280]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796280; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796280']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796280]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796280,"title":"Book Review: Courts and the Media","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796280/Book_Review_Courts_and_the_Media","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796278"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796278/Researching_Justification_Texts_of_a_First_Instance_Court_from_Assignment_to_Results_and_Reporting"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Researching Justification Texts of a First Instance Court: from Assignment to Results and Reporting" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916948/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796278/Researching_Justification_Texts_of_a_First_Instance_Court_from_Assignment_to_Results_and_Reporting">Researching Justification Texts of a First Instance Court: from Assignment to Results and Reporting</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)</span><span>, Dec 1, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Court decisions are reasoned to legitimize them. Lay people seem to understand little of the work...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Court decisions are reasoned to legitimize them. Lay people seem to understand little of the work of the courts. One of the questions for court administrators and judges is: for whom do judges write their judgments? Is it possible to analyze judicial justification texts with a view to the audiences they address? We answered that question by developing a methodology for the analysis of judgment justification texts, investigating judicial writing behavior. This paper focuses on the methodological hurdles we had to take and the mistakes we made and had to correct. Research reports in all articles on socio-legal research offer a positive and linear description of the research. This article wants to show that trial and error during the research process were inevitable and maybe could have been avoided if we would have had more experience with this type of research. We hope students and other researchers may profit from our experience.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f5c78250d0aec0cefee23978c7a11a67" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916948,"asset_id":112796278,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916948/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796278"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796278"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796278; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796276"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796276/Editorial_and_lt_br_and_gt_Methodology_of_Legal_Research_Challenges_and_Opportunities"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Editorial&lt;br&gt;Methodology of Legal Research: Challenges and Opportunities" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916906/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796276/Editorial_and_lt_br_and_gt_Methodology_of_Legal_Research_Challenges_and_Opportunities">Editorial&lt;br&gt;Methodology of Legal Research: Challenges and Opportunities</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Utrecht law review</span><span>, Dec 13, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ef36972eca3c08eb2585cf507e87bf6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916906,"asset_id":112796276,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916906/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796276"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796276"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796276; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796274"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796274/Reducing_Unwarranted_Disparities_The_Challenge_of_Managing_Knowledge_Sharing_between_Judges"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reducing Unwarranted Disparities: The Challenge of Managing Knowledge Sharing between Judges" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796274/Reducing_Unwarranted_Disparities_The_Challenge_of_Managing_Knowledge_Sharing_between_Judges">Reducing Unwarranted Disparities: The Challenge of Managing Knowledge Sharing between Judges</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jan 4, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In their role as decision-makers, judges face the challenge of the law failing to provide clear a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In their role as decision-makers, judges face the challenge of the law failing to provide clear answers to concrete cases. This may result in dissimilar decisions and outcomes in similar cases. In order to reduce unwarranted disparities, judges should participate in knowledge exchanges on a regular basis. That way, they can benefit from each other&#39;s expertise, insights and experiences and make better informed decisions. In order to manage this process in the court more effectively, a better understanding of the knowledge sharing behavior of judges is required. In this article, we will discuss how four dimensions (the technological, managerial, social and motivational dimension) can influence the knowledge sharing behavior of judges. Based on this discussion, a research model is proposed</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796274"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796274"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796274; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796274]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796274]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796274; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796274']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796274]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796274,"title":"Reducing Unwarranted Disparities: The Challenge of Managing Knowledge Sharing between Judges","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796274/Reducing_Unwarranted_Disparities_The_Challenge_of_Managing_Knowledge_Sharing_between_Judges","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796271"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796271/Demands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct_A_Research_Project_into_the_Ombudsprudence_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demands of Proper Administrative Conduct: A Research Project into the Ombudsprudence of the Dutch National Ombudsman" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916949/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796271/Demands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct_A_Research_Project_into_the_Ombudsprudence_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman">Demands of Proper Administrative Conduct: A Research Project into the Ombudsprudence of the Dutch National Ombudsman</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jun 5, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National Ombudsman. 1 2. The Dutch National Ombudsman The National Ombudsman is a complaints instance, but can also conduct an inquiry upon his own initiative. 2 The figure of the National Ombudsman is embedded in the Dutch Constitution: he is a High Office of State, just as the Parliament, the King, the Supreme Court and the Council of State. He is appointed by the Lower House of Parliament. Everybody with a complaint against an office, officeholder or public servant within his jurisdiction, can contact the Ombudsman office in The Hague. The complaint will only be admissible when the complainant has first filed the complaint with the administrative body that caused the distress. A complaint to the National Ombudsman will only be useful after the administrative body has been given the opportunity to deal with the complaint itself. The National Ombudsman is competent in the case of national public bodies, and decentralized public bodies, as far as they have indicated the National Ombudsman as their local Ombudsman. The legal definition of a complaint refers to a written document; however, oral complaints may be delivered at the office and will be written down by Ombudsman staff. The Ombudsman may not conduct an inquiry into complaints that are suitable for legal action against decisions of administrative authorities, or for civil law suits against the public body concerned. Furthermore, the result of an inquiry by the Ombudsman is of a restricted nature: the Ombudsman delivers a report in which the judgement 'proper' or 'improper' is given. Normally, a report will contain a detailed description of the events that led to the complaints, a description of the internal complaints procedure, an extensive description of the applicable law, and an elaborate check on the lawfulness or unlawfulness of the behaviour subject to the complaint. He may also deliver some recommendations for the public authority concerned. However, the Ombudsman is not able to conduct any legal act as a response to complaints. The work of the National Ombudsman is closely related to the terms and concepts of the General Administrative Law Act. This act defines legal concepts like: 'administrative body'; 'decision' and 'complaint', and also operates and legally defines most principles of good governance. The competence of the Ombudsman is linked to the definition of these concepts, and, by his reports, he also contributes to the development of administrative law in the Netherlands. Nonetheless, it is a point of departure of the research project described below that there is a fundamental difference between principles of proper governance used in a legal framework and demands of proper governance as operated by Ombudsmen. 3. Original research design The original research design was attuned to the condition that local Ombudsmen should be convinced of the usefulness of the outcomes of this project.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e098d253c70104ce6eb9fcda5eb5193d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916949,"asset_id":112796271,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916949/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796271"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796271"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796271; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e098d253c70104ce6eb9fcda5eb5193d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796271]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796271,"title":"Demands of Proper Administrative Conduct: A Research Project into the Ombudsprudence of the Dutch National Ombudsman","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796271/Demands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct_A_Research_Project_into_the_Ombudsprudence_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[{"id":109916949,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916949/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916949/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Demands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/109916949/download-libre.pdf?1704210721=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDemands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct.pdf\u0026Expires=1739923061\u0026Signature=UL1XCt5kRNeOqofxZoqrjidyComZ6sGUgDNlhBT9U3tn9GEtBPy~14CRIAXCOCUhNJWNTv0KqI43AR~-PhbYQBlAZd020DZ5NITCLgFJ70bDXgo~bpQIKrKPLITNVLeVAPCUKOOv~7IalrkrMkw3BUaFXMFClDc6ypolbXdqoXoG1FdcpPnYKP4bvLCPRWWbKWuqNEq2XL4jKjeR8qYYBKVTSBpSCes-EyXIl90xeT7etwGL4HF0vuaeyrdmTS05L-~g-kzjcqlCQiUx15bOrc4qXDzYMZlvZ08j~5p0y96zPWYuFCVEVBblScilKvQFo2bNCMEuSKkcf2sUXrbiqg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796269"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796269/Schriftenreihe_zur_Justizforschung"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Schriftenreihe zur Justizforschung" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796269/Schriftenreihe_zur_Justizforschung">Schriftenreihe zur Justizforschung</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796269"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796269"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796269; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796269]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796269,"title":"Schriftenreihe zur Justizforschung","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796269/Schriftenreihe_zur_Justizforschung","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796267"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796267/Kwaliteit_van_rechtspraak_op_de_weegschaal"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kwaliteit van rechtspraak op de weegschaal" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796267/Kwaliteit_van_rechtspraak_op_de_weegschaal">Kwaliteit van rechtspraak op de weegschaal</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796267"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796267"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796267; 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Thi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">From the Managing Editor: Court Administration in Europe – Management in a Different Context. This is an introduction to the Volume 8, No. 3 Special Issue, IACA’s International Journal for Court Administration – in cooperation with NACM’s The Court Manager. The aim of the Special Issue is to contribute to the NACM-IACA Joint Educational Conference, on Court excellence on a world wide scale July 9-13, 2017, Arlington, VA (Washington D.C.).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796303"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796303"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796303; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796303]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796303]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796303; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796303']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796302"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796302/Financing_the_Judiciary_in_the_Netherlands_Between_Work_Overload_in_the_Courts_and_Government_Control_of_the_Judicial_Budget"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: Between Work Overload in the Courts and Government Control of the Judicial Budget" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916962/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796302/Financing_the_Judiciary_in_the_Netherlands_Between_Work_Overload_in_the_Courts_and_Government_Control_of_the_Judicial_Budget">Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: Between Work Overload in the Courts and Government Control of the Judicial Budget</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Feb 7, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: between work overload in the courts and government co...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Financing the Judiciary in the Netherlands: between work overload in the courts and government control of the Judicial Budget.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a2acb30182274d353126dd753daa7a3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916962,"asset_id":112796302,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916962/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796302"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796302"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796302; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796301"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796301/Organization_Development_of_the_Dutch_Judiciary_between_Accountability_and_Judicial_Independence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Organization Development of the Dutch Judiciary, between Accountability and Judicial Independence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796301/Organization_Development_of_the_Dutch_Judiciary_between_Accountability_and_Judicial_Independence">Organization Development of the Dutch Judiciary, between Accountability and Judicial Independence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jan 9, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Netherlands are a country on the European Continent with a French inspired legal system as fa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Netherlands are a country on the European Continent with a French inspired legal system as far as civil and criminal law is concerned. Administrative law has followed a different development and reflects the middle position of the Netherlands between the French, English and German administrative law systems, while maintaining a dominant procedural position of public administration. However, the organization of the Dutch judiciary mainly follows the lines of the original French conceptions: it has been organized in accordance with the concepts brought to the low countries by Napoleons’ army. This traditional continental judicial organization, operated by the ministry of justice and court presidents’ for over 150 years has gone through considerable institutional and organizational change during the last 15 years. In this article I will sketch the outcomes of a mayor evaluation research of the changes in the Dutch judiciary that started in 1995 and evolve until today. I will do this by first describing the change process against the background of the New Public Management. Second, I will describe the proposals for change and the actual changes. Finally I will describe the most salient outcomes of the evaluation study. I will conclude with a brief discussion of these outcomes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796301"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796301]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796301']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796301]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796301,"title":"Organization Development of the Dutch Judiciary, between Accountability and Judicial Independence","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796301/Organization_Development_of_the_Dutch_Judiciary_between_Accountability_and_Judicial_Independence","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796298"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796298/Uitgeleverd_aan_overlevering_De_Nederlandse_overleveringspraktijk_beschreven_gevolgd_door_een_discussie_over_de_effectuering_van_fundamentele_rechten_van_verdachten_en_veroordeelden"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Uitgeleverd aan overlevering? : De Nederlandse overleveringspraktijk beschreven, gevolgd door een discussie over de effectuering van fundamentele rechten van verdachten en veroordeelden" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796298/Uitgeleverd_aan_overlevering_De_Nederlandse_overleveringspraktijk_beschreven_gevolgd_door_een_discussie_over_de_effectuering_van_fundamentele_rechten_van_verdachten_en_veroordeelden">Uitgeleverd aan overlevering? : De Nederlandse overleveringspraktijk beschreven, gevolgd door een discussie over de effectuering van fundamentele rechten van verdachten en veroordeelden</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Delikt en Delinkwent</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796298"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796298"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796298; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796298]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796298; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796298']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796298]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796298,"title":"Uitgeleverd aan overlevering? 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They also heard from colleagues seeking to establish and maintain effective court systems in countries that either have been or currently are dealing with severe civil turmoil and war. 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[ 22] Le cadre de cet article ne permet pas de préciser tous les détails et les nuances de ce...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... [ 22] Le cadre de cet article ne permet pas de préciser tous les détails et les nuances de cette analyse. Retour. [ 23] V oir Heide (W. vander) and Molenaar (DEG), « Personeel ... Retour. 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796293"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796293/The_challenge_of_change_for_judicial_systems_developing_a_public_administration_perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The challenge of change for judicial systems : developing a public administration perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796293/The_challenge_of_change_for_judicial_systems_developing_a_public_administration_perspective">The challenge of change for judicial systems : developing a public administration perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">... of court proce-dures, the prosecution, rosters, human resource management, and the applicatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... of court proce-dures, the prosecution, rosters, human resource management, and the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are ... discipline of public admini-stration can provide an extremely valuable contribution for the attainment of justice by a ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796293"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796293"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796293; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796292/Demands_of_proper_administrative_conduct_and_lt_br_and_gt_A_research_project_into_the_and_lt_i_and_gt_ombudsprudence_and_lt_i_and_gt_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demands of proper administrative conduct&lt;br&gt; A research project into the &lt;i&gt;ombudsprudence&lt;/i&gt; of the Dutch National Ombudsman" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916955/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796292/Demands_of_proper_administrative_conduct_and_lt_br_and_gt_A_research_project_into_the_and_lt_i_and_gt_ombudsprudence_and_lt_i_and_gt_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman">Demands of proper administrative conduct&lt;br&gt; A research project into the &lt;i&gt;ombudsprudence&lt;/i&gt; of the Dutch National Ombudsman</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Utrecht law review</span><span>, Dec 5, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National Ombudsman. 1 2. The Dutch National Ombudsman The National Ombudsman is a complaints instance, but can also conduct an inquiry upon his own initiative. 2 The figure of the National Ombudsman is embedded in the Dutch Constitution: he is a High Office of State, just as the Parliament, the King, the Supreme Court and the Council of State. He is appointed by the Lower House of Parliament. Everybody with a complaint against an office, officeholder or public servant within his jurisdiction, can contact the Ombudsman office in The Hague. The complaint will only be admissible when the complainant has first filed the complaint with the administrative body that caused the distress. A complaint to the National Ombudsman will only be useful after the administrative body has been given the opportunity to deal with the complaint itself. The National Ombudsman is competent in the case of national public bodies, and decentralized public bodies, as far as they have indicated the National Ombudsman as their local Ombudsman. The legal definition of a complaint refers to a written document; however, oral complaints may be delivered at the office and will be written down by Ombudsman staff. The Ombudsman may not conduct an inquiry into complaints that are suitable for legal action against decisions of administrative authorities, or for civil law suits against the public body concerned. Furthermore, the result of an inquiry by the Ombudsman is of a restricted nature: the Ombudsman delivers a report in which the judgement 'proper' or 'improper' is given. Normally, a report will contain a detailed description of the events that led to the complaints, a description of the internal complaints procedure, an extensive description of the applicable law, and an elaborate check on the lawfulness or unlawfulness of the behaviour subject to the complaint. He may also deliver some recommendations for the public authority concerned. However, the Ombudsman is not able to conduct any legal act as a response to complaints. The work of the National Ombudsman is closely related to the terms and concepts of the General Administrative Law Act. This act defines legal concepts like: 'administrative body'; 'decision' and 'complaint', and also operates and legally defines most principles of good governance. The competence of the Ombudsman is linked to the definition of these concepts, and, by his reports, he also contributes to the development of administrative law in the Netherlands. Nonetheless, it is a point of departure of the research project described below that there is a fundamental difference between principles of proper governance used in a legal framework and demands of proper governance as operated by Ombudsmen. 3. Original research design The original research design was attuned to the condition that local Ombudsmen should be convinced of the usefulness of the outcomes of this project.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="06f496bb2bddd331756d2b3912e76815" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916955,"asset_id":112796292,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916955/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796292"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796292; 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Schulz, Courts and Judges on Trial, Analysing and Managing the Discourses of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Review of: Pamela D. Schulz, Courts and Judges on Trial, Analysing and Managing the Discourses of Disapproval. ISBN 978-3-643=10621-6 Lit Verlag, dr. W. Hopf, Berlin 2010, 29.90 EUR.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796280"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796280"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796280; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796280]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796280]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796280; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796280']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796280]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796280,"title":"Book Review: Courts and the Media","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796280/Book_Review_Courts_and_the_Media","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796278"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796278/Researching_Justification_Texts_of_a_First_Instance_Court_from_Assignment_to_Results_and_Reporting"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Researching Justification Texts of a First Instance Court: from Assignment to Results and Reporting" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916948/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796278/Researching_Justification_Texts_of_a_First_Instance_Court_from_Assignment_to_Results_and_Reporting">Researching Justification Texts of a First Instance Court: from Assignment to Results and Reporting</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)</span><span>, Dec 1, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Court decisions are reasoned to legitimize them. Lay people seem to understand little of the work...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Court decisions are reasoned to legitimize them. Lay people seem to understand little of the work of the courts. One of the questions for court administrators and judges is: for whom do judges write their judgments? Is it possible to analyze judicial justification texts with a view to the audiences they address? We answered that question by developing a methodology for the analysis of judgment justification texts, investigating judicial writing behavior. This paper focuses on the methodological hurdles we had to take and the mistakes we made and had to correct. Research reports in all articles on socio-legal research offer a positive and linear description of the research. This article wants to show that trial and error during the research process were inevitable and maybe could have been avoided if we would have had more experience with this type of research. We hope students and other researchers may profit from our experience.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f5c78250d0aec0cefee23978c7a11a67" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916948,"asset_id":112796278,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916948/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796278"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796278"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796278; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796274"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796274/Reducing_Unwarranted_Disparities_The_Challenge_of_Managing_Knowledge_Sharing_between_Judges"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reducing Unwarranted Disparities: The Challenge of Managing Knowledge Sharing between Judges" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796274/Reducing_Unwarranted_Disparities_The_Challenge_of_Managing_Knowledge_Sharing_between_Judges">Reducing Unwarranted Disparities: The Challenge of Managing Knowledge Sharing between Judges</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jan 4, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In their role as decision-makers, judges face the challenge of the law failing to provide clear a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In their role as decision-makers, judges face the challenge of the law failing to provide clear answers to concrete cases. This may result in dissimilar decisions and outcomes in similar cases. In order to reduce unwarranted disparities, judges should participate in knowledge exchanges on a regular basis. That way, they can benefit from each other&#39;s expertise, insights and experiences and make better informed decisions. In order to manage this process in the court more effectively, a better understanding of the knowledge sharing behavior of judges is required. In this article, we will discuss how four dimensions (the technological, managerial, social and motivational dimension) can influence the knowledge sharing behavior of judges. Based on this discussion, a research model is proposed</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796274"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796274"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796274; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796274]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=112796274]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796274; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='112796274']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=112796274]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":112796274,"title":"Reducing Unwarranted Disparities: The Challenge of Managing Knowledge Sharing between Judges","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112796274/Reducing_Unwarranted_Disparities_The_Challenge_of_Managing_Knowledge_Sharing_between_Judges","owner_id":13932680,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":13932680,"first_name":"Philip","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Langbroek","page_name":"PhilipLangbroek","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-07-15T01:28:59.131-07:00","display_name":"Philip Langbroek","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipLangbroek"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="112796271"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796271/Demands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct_A_Research_Project_into_the_Ombudsprudence_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demands of Proper Administrative Conduct: A Research Project into the Ombudsprudence of the Dutch National Ombudsman" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109916949/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/112796271/Demands_of_Proper_Administrative_Conduct_A_Research_Project_into_the_Ombudsprudence_of_the_Dutch_National_Ombudsman">Demands of Proper Administrative Conduct: A Research Project into the Ombudsprudence of the Dutch National Ombudsman</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jun 5, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We will mix the description of these subjects with our findings on the norms used by the National Ombudsman. 1 2. The Dutch National Ombudsman The National Ombudsman is a complaints instance, but can also conduct an inquiry upon his own initiative. 2 The figure of the National Ombudsman is embedded in the Dutch Constitution: he is a High Office of State, just as the Parliament, the King, the Supreme Court and the Council of State. He is appointed by the Lower House of Parliament. Everybody with a complaint against an office, officeholder or public servant within his jurisdiction, can contact the Ombudsman office in The Hague. The complaint will only be admissible when the complainant has first filed the complaint with the administrative body that caused the distress. A complaint to the National Ombudsman will only be useful after the administrative body has been given the opportunity to deal with the complaint itself. The National Ombudsman is competent in the case of national public bodies, and decentralized public bodies, as far as they have indicated the National Ombudsman as their local Ombudsman. The legal definition of a complaint refers to a written document; however, oral complaints may be delivered at the office and will be written down by Ombudsman staff. The Ombudsman may not conduct an inquiry into complaints that are suitable for legal action against decisions of administrative authorities, or for civil law suits against the public body concerned. Furthermore, the result of an inquiry by the Ombudsman is of a restricted nature: the Ombudsman delivers a report in which the judgement 'proper' or 'improper' is given. Normally, a report will contain a detailed description of the events that led to the complaints, a description of the internal complaints procedure, an extensive description of the applicable law, and an elaborate check on the lawfulness or unlawfulness of the behaviour subject to the complaint. He may also deliver some recommendations for the public authority concerned. However, the Ombudsman is not able to conduct any legal act as a response to complaints. The work of the National Ombudsman is closely related to the terms and concepts of the General Administrative Law Act. This act defines legal concepts like: 'administrative body'; 'decision' and 'complaint', and also operates and legally defines most principles of good governance. The competence of the Ombudsman is linked to the definition of these concepts, and, by his reports, he also contributes to the development of administrative law in the Netherlands. Nonetheless, it is a point of departure of the research project described below that there is a fundamental difference between principles of proper governance used in a legal framework and demands of proper governance as operated by Ombudsmen. 3. Original research design The original research design was attuned to the condition that local Ombudsmen should be convinced of the usefulness of the outcomes of this project.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e098d253c70104ce6eb9fcda5eb5193d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":109916949,"asset_id":112796271,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/109916949/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="112796271"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="112796271"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 112796271; 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