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Joseph Barbera - Wikipedia
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href="#Biografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carieră" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carieră"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Carieră</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Carieră-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Carieră subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Carieră-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primii_ani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primii_ani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Primii ani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primii_ani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Televiziune" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Televiziune"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Televiziune</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Televiziune-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moștenire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moștenire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Moștenire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moștenire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lectură_suplimentară" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lectură_suplimentară"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lectură suplimentară</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lectură_suplimentară-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph Barbera</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 51 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="جوزيف باربيرا – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوزيف باربيرا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="چوزيف باربيرا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="چوزيف باربيرا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Джоузеф Барбера – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джоузеф Барбера" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%86%D8%B2%DB%8E%D9%81_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="جۆزێف باربارا – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جۆزێف باربارا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%81_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="جوزف باربرا – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جوزف باربرا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%A5%D6%86_%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Ջոզեֆ Բարբերա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոզեֆ Բարբերա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%82%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%99%E3%83%A9" title="ジョセフ・バーベラ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョセフ・バーベラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%EB%B0%94%EB%B2%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="조지프 바베라 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조지프 바베라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iosephus_Barbera" title="Iosephus Barbera – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iosephus Barbera" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEozefs_Barbera" title="Džozefs Barbera – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džozefs Barbera" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Џозеф Барбера – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џозеф Барбера" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1" title="ജോസഫ് ബാർബെറ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജോസഫ് ബാർബെറ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84" title="Барбера, Джозеф – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Барбера, Джозеф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Џозеф Барбера – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џозеф Барбера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Джозеф Барбера – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джозеф Барбера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%81_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="جوزیف باربیرا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جوزیف باربیرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Joseph Barbera" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%B2%9D%E6%8B%89" title="約瑟·巴貝拉 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="約瑟·巴貝拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articole_de_calitate" title="Acesta este un articol de calitate. Apăsați aici pentru mai multe informații."><img alt="Acesta este un articol de calitate. Apăsați aici pentru mai multe informații." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet biografii" style="background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Joseph Barbera</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:JBarbera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JBarbera.jpg/220px-JBarbera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JBarbera.jpg/330px-JBarbera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/JBarbera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="529" /></a></span><br /><div style="margin-top: 3px"></div><span>Joseph Barbera în 1993</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/24_martie" title="24 martie">24 martie</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1911-03-24</span>)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City">New York City, New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">SUA</a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="2006-12-18">18 decembrie 2006</time> (95 de ani)<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">SUA</a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Înmormântat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437214" class="extiw" title="d:Q1437214"><span lang="en">Forest Lawn Memorial Park</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Forest Lawn Memorial Park</span> (cemetery in Glendale, California)|​]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P119" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Căsătorit cu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Dorothy Earl (1935-1963) <br /> Sheila Holden(1963-2006)</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Număr de copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">4 <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P1971" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Regizor, producător</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83" title="Limba engleză">limba engleză</a><sup id="cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Activitate</th></tr><tr><th style=";"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i></th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384959" class="extiw" title="d:Q5384959"><span lang="en">Erasmus Hall High School</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Erasmus Hall High School</span> (high school in Brooklyn, USA)|​]]</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pratt_Institute" title="Pratt Institute">Pratt Institute</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7729779" class="extiw" title="d:Q7729779"><span lang="en">The Derryfield School</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">The Derryfield School</span> (independent college preparatory, coeducational high school and middle school located in Manchester, New Hampshire, United States)|​]]</span>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P69" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ani de activitate</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">1932 - 2001</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Organizație</th><td colspan="1" class="org" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Van_Beuren_Studios" title="Van Beuren Studios">Van Beuren Studios</a><sup id="cite_ref-f5ca88e81b498a2639efd68fc42e1e6f_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f5ca88e81b498a2639efd68fc42e1e6f-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P108" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Premii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1044427" class="extiw" title="d:Q1044427">Premiul Primetime Emmy</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premiul_Primetime_Emmy_(Academy_of_Television_Arts_%26_Sciences_accolade)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premiul Primetime Emmy (Academy of Television Arts & Sciences accolade) — pagină inexistentă">​</a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17985761" class="extiw" title="d:Q17985761">Stea pe Hollywood Walk of Fame</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stea_pe_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame_(award_in_the_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame,_Hollywood,_California,_United_States)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stea pe Hollywood Walk of Fame (award in the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Hollywood, California, United States) — pagină inexistentă">​</a></span><small> (<time datetime="1976-07-21">21 iulie 1976</time>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-6cd5fe024ce01cb2a222670d18c48dbf_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6cd5fe024ce01cb2a222670d18c48dbf-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-279a97ecf7ccb38519e6c77b81945ea8_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-279a97ecf7ccb38519e6c77b81945ea8-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1179189" class="extiw" title="d:Q1179189"><span lang="en">Daytime Emmy Award</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Daytime Emmy Award</span> (American TV award)|​]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8025998" class="extiw" title="d:Q8025998"><span lang="en">Winsor McCay Award</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Winsor McCay Award</span> (American award given to people who served in animated films)|​]]</span><small> (<time datetime="1977">1977</time>)</small>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373#P166" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##F5F5DC solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190373" class="extiw" title="d:Q190373">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Biografie" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Joseph Barbera</b> (n. <a href="/wiki/24_martie" title="24 martie">24 martie</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="New York">New York</a> – d. <a href="/wiki/18_decembrie" title="18 decembrie">18 decembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>) a fost un animator, regizor, scenarist și producător de filme de animație american de origine <a href="/wiki/Sicilia" title="Sicilia">siciliană</a>, ale cărui personaje animate sunt urmărite de milioane de fani din întreaga lume. </p><p>Anii tinereții i-a petrecut în <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City">New York City</a>, unde a urmat cursurile Liceului Erasmus și unde și-a început cariera. După ce a prestat diverse meserii, printre care și cea de funcționar bancar, Barbera s-a angajat la studioul de animație <a href="/wiki/Van_Beuren_Studios" title="Van Beuren Studios">Van Beuren Studios</a> în <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a>, iar, în <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>, s-a angajat la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terrytoons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terrytoons — pagină inexistentă">Terrytoons</a>. În anul <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a> s-a mutat în <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, unde l-a cunoscut pe <a href="/wiki/William_Hanna" title="William Hanna">William Hanna</a>, în timp ce lucra la studiourile <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (MGM). Cei doi au început să colaboreze, iar în anul <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> au fondat <a href="/wiki/Hanna-Barbera" title="Hanna-Barbera">Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc.</a>, care a devenit unul din cele mai de succes studiouri de filme de animație, producând seriale animate precum <i><a href="/wiki/Aventuri_%C3%AEn_epoca_de_piatr%C4%83" title="Aventuri în epoca de piatră">Familia Flintstone</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Huckleberry_Hound" title="Huckleberry Hound">Huckleberry Hound</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Familia_Jetson" title="Familia Jetson">Familia Jetson</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Scooby-Doo" title="Scooby-Doo">Scooby-Doo</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/%C8%98trumf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ștrumf">Ștrumfii</a></i> și <i><a href="/wiki/Ursul_Yogi" title="Ursul Yogi">Ursul Yogi</a></i>. Cel mai de succes proiect al lor sunt filmele de animație din seria <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_%C8%99i_Jerry" title="Tom și Jerry">Tom și Jerry</a></i>. În anul <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a> studioul Hanna–Barbera a fost achiziționat de către <a href="/wiki/Taft_Broadcasting" title="Taft Broadcasting">Taft Broadcasting</a> pentru suma de 12 milioane de dolari, cei doi rămânând, însă, conducătorii companiei până în <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>, an în care studioul a fost vândut companiei <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a>, care, la rândul ei, a fuzionat în <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> cu <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">Time Warner</a>, deținătorii companiei <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a>. Hanna și Barbera au rămas în cadrul companiei și au activat pe post de consilieri. </p><p>Hanna și Barbera au câștigat șapte <a href="/wiki/Premiile_Oscar" title="Premiile Oscar">premii Oscar</a> și opt <a href="/wiki/Premiile_Emmy" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiile Emmy">premii Emmy</a>. Filmele lor de animație au devenit simboluri culturale, iar personajele acestora au fost folosite și în alte materiale media precum filme, cărți sau reviste și au fost, de asemenea, transformate și comercializate ca jucării, articole vestimentare etc. Filmele lor de animație au fost vizionate la nivel global de peste 300 de milioane de persoane și au fost traduse în peste 20 de limbi. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Joseph Barbera s-a născut la <a href="/wiki/24_martie" title="24 martie">24 martie</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a> pe strada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delancey_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delancey Street — pagină inexistentă">Delancey Street</a>, nr. 10, din cartierul <a href="/wiki/Mica_Italie,_Manhattan" title="Mica Italie, Manhattan">Mica Italie</a> din <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, New York,<sup id="cite_ref-obitguardian_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obitguardian-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fiind primul copil al cuplului Vincent Barbera și Frances Calvacca, descendenți sicilieni, și a crescut vorbind italiana.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:17–18, 58, 128, 208</sup><sup id="cite_ref-tcm_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcm-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ItalianRef_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ItalianRef-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Când a avut patru luni, familia s-a mutat în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flatbush,_Brooklyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flatbush, Brooklyn — pagină inexistentă">Flatbush (Brooklyn, New York)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:17–18, 58</sup><sup id="cite_ref-DailyTeleWhitworth_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyTeleWhitworth-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A avut doi frați mai mici, Larry și Ted, care au participat la cel de-<a href="/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial" title="Al Doilea Război Mondial">al Doilea Război Mondial</a>. Larry a luat parte cu <a href="/wiki/Armata_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Armata Statelor Unite ale Americii">Armata Statelor Unite ale Americii</a> la <a href="/wiki/Opera%C8%9Biunea_Husky" class="mw-redirect" title="Operațiunea Husky">invadarea Siciliei</a>, iar Ted a fost un pilot în <a href="/wiki/For%C8%9Bele_Aeriene_ale_Statelor_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Forțele Aeriene ale Statelor Unite">Forțele Aeriene ale Statelor Unite</a> și a luptat în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Campania_din_Insulele_Aleutine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Campania din Insulele Aleutine — pagină inexistentă">Campania din Insulele Aleutine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:91–95</sup> Tatăl lui Barbera, Vincent, a fost un prosper deținător a trei frizerii, dar a risipit averea familiei la jocuri de noroc<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:19</sup> și i-a părăsit când Barbera avea 15 ani, iar unchiul din partea mamei, Jim, a devenit modelul tatălui.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:22–24</sup> </p><p>Barbera și-a arătat talentul la desen încă din clasa I.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:25–26</sup> A absolvit liceului <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erasmus_Hall_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erasmus Hall High School — pagină inexistentă">Erasmus Hall High School</a> din Brooklyn în 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:23</sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În perioada liceului, Barbera a câștigat mai multe titluri la <a href="/wiki/Box" title="Box">box</a>, iar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Singer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Singer — pagină inexistentă">Al Singer</a>, campion mondial la box la categoria semi-ușoară, i-a fost impresar, dar și-a pierdut repede interesul pentru acest sport.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:30–32</sup> În <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a> s-a căsătorit cu iubita sa din liceu, Dorothy Earl, împreună cu care erau cunoscuți în școală ca „Romeo și Julieta”<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:28</sup>. S-au despărțit temporar când Barbera a plecat în <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, apoi s-au împăcat, dar au fost pe punctul de a se separa din nou când au descoperit că Dorothy era însărcinată cu primul lor copil. În cele din urmă au divorțat în anul <a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:58, 61, 66, 90, 129</sup> iar la puțin timp după divorț, Barbera a cunoscut-o pe cea care avea să fie a doua soție, Sheila Holden, la restaurantul Musso & Frank, unde Sheila era <a href="/wiki/Contabilitate" title="Contabilitate">contabilă</a> și casieră. Spre deosebire de Dorothy, care prefera să stea acasă cu copii, Sheilei îi plăcea viața socială a <a href="/wiki/Hollywood" title="Hollywood">Hollywood</a>-ului la care Barbera participa frecvent.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:137–139, 147</sup><sup id="cite_ref-TOwife_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TOwife-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carieră"><span id="Carier.C4.83"></span>Carieră</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Carieră" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Carieră"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primii_ani">Primii ani</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Primii ani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Primii ani"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În timpul liceului Barbera a muncit livrând marfă croitorilor.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:28</sup> În timpul <a href="/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83" title="Marea criză economică">marii crize economice</a>, a încercat să se angajeze pe postul de caricaturist pentru revista <i>The NY Hits Magazine</i>. Și-a câștigat existența lucrând la o bancă și a făcut eforturi să publice desene. Desenele erau scurte și nu grupate în benzi desenate. Acestea au început să fie publicate în <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redbook — pagină inexistentă">Redbook</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saturday_Evening_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saturday Evening Post — pagină inexistentă">Saturday Evening Post</a></i> și <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collier%27s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collier's — pagină inexistentă">Collier's</a></i>, revista la care a avut cel mai mult succes.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:35–36</sup> De asemenea, Barbera i-a cerut în scris lui <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> sfaturi pentru a-și începe cariera în industria animației.<sup id="cite_ref-GrantBio_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GrantBio-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:105</sup> Disney i-a răspuns, promițându-i că îl va suna într-o vizită pe care avea să o facă în New York, dar convorbirea nu a mai avut loc.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:38</sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTBarberaObit_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTBarberaObit-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Joseph Barbera a frecventat cursurile de artă ale <a href="/w/index.php?title=Art_Students_League_of_New_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Art Students League of New York — pagină inexistentă">Art Students League of New York</a> și <a href="/wiki/Pratt_Institute" title="Pratt Institute">Pratt Institute</a> și a fost angajat în departamentul „desen și culoare” al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Studiourile_Fleischer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studiourile Fleischer — pagină inexistentă">Studiourilor Fleischer</a>. În 1932 s-a angajat la Studiourile Van Beuren ca animator și scenarist.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:38–42</sup> A lucrat la serii de desene animate cum ar fi <i>Cubby Bear</i>, <i>Rainbow Parades</i> și <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry_(Van_Beuren)" title="Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren)">Tom și Jerry</a></i>. Seria <i>Tom și Jerry</i> avea în prim-plan doi oameni; nu se asemăna cu seria ulterioară a lui Barbera cu șoarecele și pisica. În 1936, când studiourile Van Beuren au dat faliment, Barbera s-a mutat la Terrytoons, studioul animatorului <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Terry_(animator)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Terry (animator) — pagină inexistentă">Paul Terry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:53–54</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Film" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Film"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg/200px-Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg/300px-Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg/400px-Bill_Hanna_Joseph_Barbera_1965.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>Joseph Barbera și <a href="/wiki/William_Hanna" title="William Hanna">William Hanna</a> în 1965</figcaption></figure> <p>Atras de un salariu mai bun, Barbera a plecat în 1937 de la studioul Terrytoons din New York la secția de desene animate a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) din California.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:58–59</sup><sup id="cite_ref-GrantBio_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GrantBio-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:106</sup> A descoperit că Los Angeles suferea la fel de mult ca Brooklyn-ul pe urma crizei și era cât pe ce să se întoarcă în Brooklyn.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:201</sup> </p><p>Masa sa de lucru la MGM era față în față cu cea a lui <a href="/wiki/William_Hanna" title="William Hanna">William Hanna</a>, iar cei doi și-au dat repede seama că pot face echipă bună.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:Prefață</sup> Până în 1939 puseseră bazele unui parteneriat care avea să dureze 60 de ani.<sup id="cite_ref-Meshing_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meshing-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-APobit_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APobit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanna și Barbera au lucrat împreună cu regizorul de desene animate <a href="/wiki/Tex_Avery" title="Tex Avery">Tex Avery</a>, care crease personajele <a href="/wiki/Daffy_Duck" title="Daffy Duck">Daffy Duck</a> și <a href="/wiki/Bugs_Bunny" title="Bugs Bunny">Bugs Bunny</a> pentru <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> și regiza filmele animate cu <a href="/wiki/Droopy" title="Droopy">Droopy</a> la MGM.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:33</sup><sup id="cite_ref-50CatMouse_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50CatMouse-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:18</sup> </p><p>În 1940, Hanna și Barbera au colaborat la regizarea filmului <i><a href="/wiki/Motanul_e_pus_pe_liber" class="mw-redirect" title="Motanul e pus pe liber">Motanul e pus pe liber</a></i>, care ulterior a fost nominalizat la <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Oscar_pentru_cel_mai_bun_scurt_metraj_animat" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Oscar pentru cel mai bun scurt metraj animat">Premiul Oscar pentru cel mai bun scurt metraj animat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DreamTeam_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DreamTeam-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UPI_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UPI-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În ciuda succesului, studioul dorea un portofoliu de desene mai diversificat, așa că șeful celor doi, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Quimby" title="Fred Quimby">Fred Quimby</a>, nu a mai dorit să producă în continuare și mai multe animații cu șoarecele și pisica.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:75–76</sup> Surprinși de succesul filmului <i>Motanul e pus pe liber</i>, cei doi au ignorat opoziția lui Quimby<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:45</sup> și au continuat să dezvolte personajele, chiar dacă în tot acest timp Hanna dorea să se întoarcă la studiourile lui Ising, față de care nutrea un sentiment de profundă loialitate. Când Hanna și Barbera s-au întâlnit cu Quimby, acesta din urmă a descoperit că deși Ising își arogase meritul pentru producerea peliculei <i>Motanul e pus pe liber</i>, nu avusese nicio contribuție la crearea acesteia. Drept urmare, Quimby le-a dat permisiunea celor doi să-și continue ideea cu șoarecele și pisica, iar rezultatul a fost cea mai celebră creație, <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_%C8%99i_Jerry" title="Tom și Jerry">Tom și Jerry</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:78–79</sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Tom_%C8%99i_Jerry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/1/1c/Tom_%C8%99i_Jerry.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="190" /></a><figcaption>Personajele care l-au făcut celebru: Tom și Jerry</figcaption></figure> <p>Având personajele inspirate, cu mici diferențe, din cele din <i>Motanul e pus pe liber</i>, seria se centrează în jurul lui <a href="/wiki/Jerry_%C8%98oarecele" title="Jerry Șoarecele">Jerry</a>, șoarecele enervant care se ceartă mai mereu cu prietenul său felin, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Motanul" title="Tom Motanul">Tom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianObit_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianObit-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În legătură cu celebrul desen animat, Hanna a afirmat că au ales tema șoarecelui și a pisicii întrucât: „Știam că vom avea nevoie de două personaje. Ne-am gândit că avem nevoie de conflict, urmăriri și acțiune. O pisică care urmărește un șoarece ni s-a părut o idee bună, simplă.”<sup id="cite_ref-CNSobit_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNSobit-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Personajele astfel modificate au apărut pentru prima dată în scurtmetrajul <i><a href="/wiki/Gustarea_de_la_miezul_nop%C8%9Bii" title="Gustarea de la miezul nopții">Gustarea de la miezul nopții</a></i> din 1941,<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:46</sup> pentru ca în următorii 17 ani, cei doi animatori să se ocupe aproape în exclusivitate de <i>Tom și Jerry</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-DreamTeam_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DreamTeam-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> regizând peste 114 scurtmetraje, care aveau la bază acțiunea și mai puțin dialogul.<sup id="cite_ref-APobit_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APobit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNepisodeguide_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNepisodeguide-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În timpul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial au produs desene animate pentru antrenarea soldaților.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:92–93</sup> În ciuda popularității sale, <i>Tom și Jerry</i> a fost des criticat ca fiind excesiv de violent,<sup id="cite_ref-Sennett_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sennett-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:42</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Smoodin_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smoodin-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:134</sup> însă, cu toate acestea, seria a câștigat primul său Premiu Oscar pentru cel de-al 11-lea desen animat, „<a href="/wiki/The_Yankee_Doodle_Mouse" title="The Yankee Doodle Mouse">The Yankee Doodle Mouse</a>” (1943) — o aventură de război—,<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianObit_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianObit-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și a mai fost nominalizată în cadrul acelorași premii de 14 ori, din care a câștigat 7 distincții.<sup id="cite_ref-WashPost_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WashPost-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Niciun desen animat bazat pe aceleași personaje nu a câștigat mai multe premii, și nici alte serii cu același personaj.<sup id="cite_ref-Meshing_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meshing-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CBSobit_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSobit-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tom și Jerry au apărut în mai multe dintre filmele cu actori ale studioului MGM, cum ar fi de pildă <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anchors_Aweigh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anchors Aweigh — pagină inexistentă">Anchors Aweigh</a></i> (1945) și <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invitation_to_the_Dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invitation to the Dance — pagină inexistentă">Invitation to the Dance</a></i> (1956) cu <a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a> și <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dangerous_When_Wet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dangerous When Wet — pagină inexistentă">Dangerous When Wet</a></i> (1953) cu <a href="/wiki/Esther_Williams" title="Esther Williams">Esther Williams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBSobit_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSobit-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTt&j_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTt&j-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Quimby a ridicat toate premiile Oscar fără să-i invite pe Hanna și Barbera pe scenă, iar desenele au fost lansate cu Quimby menționat ca singur producător, aceeași practică pentru care el însuși îl criticase pe Ising.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:83–84</sup> Când Quimby s-a pensionat în 1955, Hanna și Barbera au fost numiți la conducerea secției de desene animate a MGM.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Meshing_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meshing-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În momentul în care veniturile studioului au început să scadă din cauza concurenței făcute de televiziune,<sup id="cite_ref-DailyRecord_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyRecord-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TimesLondon_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TimesLondon-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MGM și-a dat seama că redifuzarea desenelor mai vechi era mult mai profitabilă decât producerea altora noi,<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:2–3, 109</sup> drept pentru care, compania i-a ordonat în 1957 directorului economic al lui Hanna și Barbera să lichideze secția de desene animate și să-i concedieze pe angajați prin telefon.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:2–3, 109</sup> Hanna și Barbera nu au înțeles decizia, mai ales că seria avusese un real succes.<sup id="cite_ref-CBSobit_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSobit-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Televiziune">Televiziune</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Televiziune" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Televiziune"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg/200px-Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg/300px-Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg/400px-Quickdraw_McGraw_Coloring_Book.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption>Quickdraw McGraw pe coperta unei cărți de colorat</figcaption></figure> <p>Parteneriatul lor s-a încheiat repede, iar În 1957 Barbera a făcut din nou echipă cu fostul său partener William Hanna în vederea producerii desenelor animate pentru televiziune și cinematografe.<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cei doi au contribuit cu aptitudini diferite în cadrul companiei, Barbera având talent la scrisul gagurilor și la desenat<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pe când Hanna avea talent la construcția narațiunii, găsirea momentului potrivit pentru introducerea unei acțiuni și recrutarea celor mai buni artiști. Deciziile importante de afaceri erau luate de ambii parteneri, iar titlul de președinte revenea fiecăruia prin rotație, o dată la un an.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:120</sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTBarberaObit_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTBarberaObit-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:77, 146</sup> Întâietatea numelui lui Hanna în denumirea companiei a fost decisă de o <a href="/wiki/Aruncare_cu_banul" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruncare cu banul">aruncare cu banul</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:Prefață</sup> numele inițial al studioului fiind H-B Enterprises, mai târziu schimbat în <a href="/wiki/Hanna-Barbera" title="Hanna-Barbera">Hanna–Barbera Productions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTBarberaObit_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTBarberaObit-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DailyRecord_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyRecord-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Primul serial lansat de noua companie a fost <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Ruff_%26_Reddy_Show&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Ruff & Reddy Show — pagină inexistentă">The Ruff & Reddy Show</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> în care este redată prietenia dintre un câine și o pisică.<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În ciuda criticilor lipsite de entuziasm pentru primul lor film cinematografic, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loopy_De_Loop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loopy De Loop — pagină inexistentă">Loopy De Loop</a></i>, Hanna și Barbera au scos pe piață două seriale de televiziune de succes: <i>The Huckleberry Hound Show</i> și <i><a href="/wiki/The_Yogi_Bear_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="The Yogi Bear Show">The Yogi Bear Show</a></i>. Conform unui sondaj realizat în anul 1960, jumătate dintre cei care urmăreau serialul erau adulți. Acest lucru a determinat compania să creeze un nou serial de desene animate, <i>Familia Flintstone</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GoldenAge_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoldenAge-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o parodie a serialului <i><a href="/wiki/The_Honeymooners" title="The Honeymooners">The Honeymooners</a></i>, care prezintă viața de zi cu zi a unei familii din <a href="/wiki/Epoca_de_piatr%C4%83" title="Epoca de piatră">Epoca de piatră</a> înconjurată de aparate de uz casnic, animale vorbitoare și invitați celebri. Vizionat atât de adulți cât și de copii, acesta a devenit primul desen animat difuzat la ore de vârf ce s-a transformat într-un mare succes, fiind totodată și cel mai longeviv (până la doborârea recordului de către <i><a href="/wiki/Familia_Simpson" title="Familia Simpson">Familia Simpson</a></i> în 1997).<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCobit_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCobit-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Expresia „yabba dabba doo”, rostită de Fred Flintstone, a intrat în limbajul de zi cu zi al limbii engleze,<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DailyTeleL_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyTeleL-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iar serialul a propulsat studioul în vârful domeniului desenelor animate televizate.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTt&j_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTt&j-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Îndemnată de succesul acestui film serial, compania a creat și produs <i>Familia Jetson</i> — o variantă a <i>Familiei Flintstone</i> — a cărui acțiune se petrece în spațiu, în viitor. Deși ambele seriale au reapărut pe ecranele de televiziune în anii 1970 și 1980, <i>Familia Flintstone</i> a avut de departe cel mai mare succes la public.<sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:HannaBarbera.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/HannaBarbera.JPG/200px-HannaBarbera.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/HannaBarbera.JPG/300px-HannaBarbera.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/HannaBarbera.JPG/400px-HannaBarbera.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Clădirea studioului <a href="/wiki/Hanna-Barbera" title="Hanna-Barbera">Hanna-Barbera</a></figcaption></figure> <p>La sfârșitul anilor '60, Hanna–Barbera Productions era cel mai de succes studio de desene animate. Studioul a lansat de-a lungul anilor peste 3000 de episoade de câte o jumătate de oră.<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Printre cele mai mult de 100 de serii de desene animate și programe speciale pe care le-a produs se numără: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atom_Ant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atom Ant — pagină inexistentă">Atom Ant</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Augie_Doggie_%C8%99i_Doggie_Daddy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Augie Doggie și Doggie Daddy — pagină inexistentă">Augie Doggie și Doggie Daddy</a></i> (o copie a seriei <i>Spike și Tyke</i> aparținând MGM), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonny_Quest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonny Quest — pagină inexistentă">Jonny Quest</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Josie_%C8%99i_Pisicile" title="Josie și Pisicile">Josie și Pisicile</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magilla_Gorilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magilla Gorilla — pagină inexistentă">Magilla Gorilla</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pixie_%C8%99i_Dixie_%C8%99i_Mr._Jinks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pixie și Dixie și Mr. Jinks — pagină inexistentă">Pixie și Dixie și Mr. Jinks</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Quick_Draw_McGraw" title="Quick Draw McGraw">Quick Draw McGraw</a></i> și <i><a href="/wiki/Top_Cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Cat">Top Cat</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBSobit_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSobit-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HeraldObit_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeraldObit-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cu toate că <i>Top Cat</i> se bazează pe personajul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sgt._Bilko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sgt. Bilko — pagină inexistentă">Sgt. Bilko</a> jucat de <a href="/wiki/Phil_Silvers" title="Phil Silvers">Phil Silvers</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Welker_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Welker-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> s-a afirmat greșit că Sgt. Bilko ar fi servit ca inspirație pentru <a href="/wiki/Ursul_Yogi" title="Ursul Yogi">Ursul Yogi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-APobit_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APobit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studioul The Hanna–Barbera a mai produs <i><a href="/wiki/Scooby-Doo" title="Scooby-Doo">Scooby-Doo</a></i> (1969–1986) și <i><a href="/wiki/%C8%98trumf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ștrumf">Ștrumfii</a></i> (1981–1989),<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dar și filme de desene animate bazate pe poveștile <i>Alice în țara minunilor</i>, <i>Jack și vrejul de fasole</i>, <i>Cyrano de Bergerac</i>, precum și filmul de lungmetraj <i><a href="/wiki/Miracolul_prieteniei" title="Miracolul prieteniei">Miracolul prieteniei</a></i> (1973).<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:228–230</sup> </p><p>În ciuda popularității desenelor în anii '60, artiștii nu le agreau.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTvision_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTvision-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Programele de televiziune aveau bugete mai mici decât filmele de desene animate cinematografice, iar această realitate economică a dus la închiderea multor studiouri de animație în anii '50 și '60, mulți oameni din domeniu pierzându-și locul de muncă.<sup id="cite_ref-APobit_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APobit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GoldenAge_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoldenAge-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanna–Barbera a jucat un rol crucial în dezvoltarea <a href="/wiki/Anima%C8%9Bie_limitat%C4%83" title="Animație limitată">animației limitate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Wells_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wells-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:75</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:54</sup> care a dus la reducerea costurilor producerii programelor de televiziune, dar care sacrifica calitatea artistică.<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CBSobit_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSobit-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HeraldObit_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeraldObit-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IndBuncombe_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndBuncombe-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanna și Barbera experimentaseră cu aceste tehnici prima oară la începuturile serialului <i>Tom și Jerry</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:74, 115</sup> Pentru a reduce costurile fiecărui episod, se punea accentul pe dialogul dintre personaje în detrimentul animației detaliate,<sup id="cite_ref-APobit_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APobit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTvision_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTvision-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iar numărul desenelor executate manual pentru un episod de aproximativ 7 minute a fost redus de la 14.000 la aproape 2.000. În plus, compania a implementat tehnici inovatoare cum ar fi cea a schimbării rapide a fundalului pentru a îmbunătăți vizionarea.<sup id="cite_ref-GoldenAge_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoldenAge-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Criticii nu au agreat trecerea de la animația bogată și detaliată la personaje plate (fără substanță) cu mișcări repetitive.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTvision_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTvision-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ca răspuns, Barbera a declarat că au avut de ales între a se adapta la bugetele pentru televiziune, care scăzuseră de la 35.000 de dolari pentru un episod de șapte minute cu Tom și Jerry la 2.700 de dolari pentru unul cu Ruff și Reddy,<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:83</sup> și a-și alege o altă meserie.<sup id="cite_ref-Wells_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wells-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:75</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:54</sup> Cu toate acestea, noul stil nu a limitat succesul desenelor animate, permițându-le celor doi să-și continue lucrul și oferind locuri de muncă unor oameni care altfel ar fi fost șomeri.<sup id="cite_ref-GoldenAge_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoldenAge-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Animația limitată a devenit standardul pentru desenele animate televizate și continuă să fie folosită și în ziua de azi în programe de televiziune ca <i><a href="/wiki/Familia_Simpson" title="Familia Simpson">Familia Simpson</a></i> și <i><a href="/wiki/South_Park" title="South Park">South Park</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-NYTvision_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTvision-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IrishObit_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IrishObit-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>În 1966, Hanna-Barbera Productions a fost vândută companiei Taft Broadcasting (redenumită Great American Communications în 1987) pentru suma de 12 milioane de dolari.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:162, 235–236</sup> Hanna și Barbera au rămas la conducerea companiei până în 1991,<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:16</sup><sup id="cite_ref-CoHist_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CoHist-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Variety_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variety-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:151</sup> an în care aceasta a fost cumpărată de <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a> pentru o sumă estimată la 320 de milioane de dolari;<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat1_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerat1-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> la rându-i, firma din urmă a fuzionat în 1996 cu <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">Time Warner</a>, deținătoare a Warner Bros.<sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acest moment a reprezentat începutul unei colaborări strânse cu <a href="/wiki/Cartoon_Network" title="Cartoon Network">Cartoon Network</a>, Hanna și Barbera continuând să-și consilieze fosta companie, dar lucrând în paralel și la crearea unor noi desene animate, cum ar fi seria <i><a href="/wiki/What-a-Cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="What-a-Cartoon">The Cartoon Cartoon Show</a></i> și ecranizările <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Familia_Flintstone_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Familia Flintstone (film) — pagină inexistentă">Familiei Flintstone</a></i> (1994) și <i>Scooby-Doo</i> (2002).<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Collectibles_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collectibles-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deces">Deces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Deces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Deces"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barbera a murit din cauze naturale la vârsta de 95 de ani în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Studio_City,_Los_Angeles,_California&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studio City, Los Angeles, California — pagină inexistentă">Studio City (Los Angeles)</a> la data de 18 decembrie 2006,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> după o carieră de șaptezeci de ani în domeniul filmelor de animație.<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soția lui, Sheila, i-a fost alături până la moarte.<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barbera a lăsat în urmă trei copii din prima lui căsătorie: Jayne (care a lucrat la studiourile Hanna–Barbera), Lynn, și Neal,<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:105–107</sup> doi nepoți și trei strănepoți.<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A fost înmormântat în mausoleumul <i>Great Mausoleum</i> din cimitirul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forest_Lawn_Memorial_Park,_Glendale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale — pagină inexistentă">Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Filmul de animație <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_%C8%99i_Jerry:_Povestea_sp%C4%83rg%C4%83torului_de_nuci" title="Tom și Jerry: Povestea spărgătorului de nuci">Tom și Jerry: Povestea spărgătorului de nuci</a></i> a fost dedicat în memoria sa.<sup id="cite_ref-NutTale_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NutTale-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moștenire"><span id="Mo.C8.99tenire"></span>Moștenire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Moștenire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Moștenire"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Multe dintre filmele sale de animație aveau ca temă prietenia strânsă și parteneriatul; această temă este evidentă la personajele Tom și Jerry, Ursul Yogy și Boo Boo, Fred Flintstone și <a href="/wiki/Barney_Rubble" title="Barney Rubble">Barney Rubble</a>, Ruff și Reddy, familia Jetson și prietenii din Scooby-Doo, fiind probabil o reflecție a prieteniei strânse și a parteneriatului dintre Hanna și Barbera, care a durat timp de aproape 60 de ani.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:214</sup> Deși calitățile profesionale, punctele slabe și personalitățile lor se potriveau perfect,<sup id="cite_ref-Meshing_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meshing-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTt&j_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTt&j-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IrishObit_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IrishObit-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanna și Barbera făceau parte din cercuri sociale total diferite. În cercul de prieteni al lui Hanna se aflau în principal alți producători, în timp ce lui Barbera îi plăcea societatea mondenă de la Hollywood.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:52–53</sup> Prin împărțirea sarcinilor de serviciu se completau reciproc, dar nu aveau multe pasiuni în comun, din moment ce Hanna era interesat de activitățile în aer liber, iar lui Barbera îi plăceau plajele, mâncarea bună și băuturile fine.<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:120–121</sup> Cu toate acestea, în timpul parteneriatului din care s-au născut peste 2.000 de personaje animate, Hanna și Barbera s-au contrazis foarte rar.<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barbera afirma următoarele: „Ne înțelegeam perfect reciproc și fiecare avea un respect profund pentru munca celuilalt.”<sup id="cite_ref-DreamTeam_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DreamTeam-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barbera este considerat a fi unul dintre cei mai mari producători de animație din toate timpurile, la același nivel cu <a href="/wiki/Tex_Avery" title="Tex Avery">Tex Avery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCobit_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCobit-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanna și Barbera au fost printre primii producători de animație care și-au dat seama de potențialul enorm pe care îl reprezenta televiziunea și care s-au adaptat perfect schimbărilor pe care aceasta le-a adus industriei.<sup id="cite_ref-IndBuncombe_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndBuncombe-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Maltin" title="Leonard Maltin">Leonard Maltin</a> a spus că echipa Hanna–Barbera „[probabil că] deține recordul pentru producerea desenelor animate de înaltă calitate folosind aceleași personaje an de an, fără pauză sau schimbări în rutină. Personajele lor sunt nu numai supervedete animate, dar și o parte iubită a culturii populare americane.”<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-superior_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-superior-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cei doi sunt deseori considerați singurii rivali ai lui <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> în arta creării filmelor de animație.<sup id="cite_ref-TelegraphObit_21-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelegraphObit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Aussie_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aussie-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanna și Barbera au avut un impact de durată asupra desenelor animate televizate,<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:16</sup> ele aflându-se deseori în clasamentele celor mai bune din branșă.<sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreatestList_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreatestList-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Multe dintre personajele create de ei au apărut în filme, cărți, jocuri și în alte produse,<sup id="cite_ref-Collectibles_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collectibles-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iar desenele lor animate au fost vizionate la nivel mondial de peste 300 de milioane de oameni și au fost traduse în mai mult de 20 de limbi.<sup id="cite_ref-GoldenAge_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoldenAge-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peliculele nu au fost elogiate doar pentru animație, ci și pentru muzica lor, <a href="/wiki/The_Cat_Concerto" title="The Cat Concerto">The Cat Concerto</a> (<a href="/wiki/Limba_rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Limba română">română</a> <span lang="ro" style="font-style:italic">Concertul motanului</span>) (1946) și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Mouse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Mouse — pagină inexistentă">Johann Mouse</a> (<a href="/wiki/Limba_rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Limba română">română</a> <span lang="ro" style="font-style:italic">Johann șoarecele</span>) (1952), fiind ambele câștigătoare ale Premiului Oscar și totodată numite „capodopere ale animației” — în mare parte datorită muzicii clasice.<sup id="cite_ref-Meshing_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meshing-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sennett_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sennett-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:34</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Smoodin_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smoodin-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:133</sup> </p><p>În total, cuplul Hanna–Barbera a câștigat șapte <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Oscar" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiul Oscar">Premii Oscar</a> și opt <a href="/wiki/Premiul_Emmy" title="Premiul Emmy">Premii Emmy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-AMawards_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMawards-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IndVallanceB_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndVallanceB-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:32</sup> <i>The Huckleberry Hound Show</i> primind în 1960 primul Emmy acordat unui serial animat.<sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Le-au mai fost înmânate Globul de Aur pentru realizări în televiziune (1960),<sup id="cite_ref-AMawards_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMawards-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Premiul Golden IKE — pionieri ai audiovizualului —, Premiul Iris—NATPE — Oamenii anului (1988) —, Premiul guvernatorilor Academiei Artelor Televiziunii și a Științei (1988), Premiul Jackie Coogan pentru contribuiții extraordinare aduse tinerilor prin divertisment în film (1988), Premiul Frederic W. Ziv pentru realizări deosebite în telecomunicații și radiodifuziune — a Conservatorului de Muzică din Cincinnati (1989) —, stea pe <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a> (1976), mai multe premii Annie<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:170</sup> și numeroase alte distincții care au dus la includerea lor în Television Hall of Fame în 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoBiog-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:171</sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNNobit_29-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNNobit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MuseumTV_34-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseumTV-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În martie 2005, Academia Artelor Televiziunii și a Științei, în colaborare cu Warner Bros. Animation, le-a dedicat un basorelief de bronz la Television Academy's Hall of Fame Plaza în North Hollywood.<sup id="cite_ref-DailyVariety1_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyVariety1-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>În 1992, Barbera s-a întâlnit cu cântărețul de muzică pop <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a>, un fan înrăit al desenelor animate, pentru a-l convinge să cânte în filmul <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_%C8%99i_Jerry:_Filmul" title="Tom și Jerry: Filmul">Tom și Jerry: Filmul</a></i>, propunere refuzată de Jackson. Barbera a desenat cinci scheciuri cu <i>Tom și Jerry</i>, pe care s-a semnat. Jackson i-a dat un autograf pe o poză de a sa dedicat nepoatei lui Barbera, Nicole, cu mesajul: „Pentru eroul de ieri, astăzi, și de mâine, cu multe mulțumiri pentru toți prietenii din desenele animate pe care mi i-ai dăruit în copilărie. Ei reprezentau tot ceea ce aveam.—Michael"<sup id="cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:236–237</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-f5ca88e81b498a2639efd68fc42e1e6f-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-f5ca88e81b498a2639efd68fc42e1e6f_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57205186" class="extiw" title="d:Q57205186"><span lang="en">Animation: A World History: Volume I: Foundations - The Golden Age (2016 Taylor & Francis ed.)</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Animation: A World History: Volume I: Foundations - The Golden Age (2016 Taylor & Francis ed.)</span> (2016 edition of Giannalberto Bendazzi's work)|​]]</span></i>, p. 114</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%5B%5BCategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rft.pages=114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6cd5fe024ce01cb2a222670d18c48dbf-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6cd5fe024ce01cb2a222670d18c48dbf_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://walkoffame.com/media/photos/pr/hanna-barbera-pr.jpg"><i>News Release</i></a> (în engleză)<span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2018-01-28">28 ianuarie 2018</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=News+Release&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwalkoffame.com%2Fmedia%2Fphotos%2Fpr%2Fhanna-barbera-pr.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-279a97ecf7ccb38519e6c77b81945ea8-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-279a97ecf7ccb38519e6c77b81945ea8_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://walkoffame.com/hanna-barbera"><i>Hanna-Barbera</i></a> (în engleză)<span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2018-01-28">28 ianuarie 2018</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hanna-Barbera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwalkoffame.com%2Fhanna-barbera&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744133" class="extiw" title="d:Q16744133">CONOR.SI</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CONOR.SI_(authority_control_file_for_author_and_corporate_names_in_Slovene_system_COBISS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CONOR.SI (authority control file for author and corporate names in Slovene system COBISS) — pagină inexistentă">​</a></span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obitguardian-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-obitguardian_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Gifford, Dennis (<time datetime="2006-12-20">20 decembrie 2006</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2006/dec/20/usa">„Joe Barbera”</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-08-07">7 august 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Joe+Barbera&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft.aulast=Gifford&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Ffilm%2F2006%2Fdec%2F20%2Fusa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BarberaAutoBio-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BarberaAutoBio_6-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Barbera, Joseph (<time datetime="1994">1994</time>). <i>My Life in "Toons": From Flatbush to Bedrock in Under a Century</i>. Atlanta, GA: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turner Publishing — pagină inexistentă">Turner Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/1-57036-042-1" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/1-57036-042-1">1-57036-042-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+Life+in+%22Toons%22%3A+From+Flatbush+to+Bedrock+in+Under+a+Century&rft.place=Atlanta%2C+GA&rft.pub=Turner+Publishing&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-57036-042-1&rft.aulast=Barbera&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tcm-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tcm_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/participant.jsp?spid=9574&apid=89197">„Biography for Joseph Barbera”</a>. Turner Classic Movies. <time datetime="2009">2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-10-12">12 octombrie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography+for+Joseph+Barbera&rft.pub=Turner+Classic+Movies&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm.com%2Ftcmdb%2Fparticipant.jsp%3Fspid%3D9574%26apid%3D89197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ItalianRef-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ItalianRef_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Fiecconi, Federico (<time datetime="2006-12-20">20 decembrie 2006</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilgiornale.it/pag_pdf.php?ID=40862">„Barbera, l'uomo che sfidò Disney”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Il Giornale</i> (în Italian): 33<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-10-12">12 octombrie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Il+Giornale&rft.atitle=Barbera%2C+l%E2%80%99uomo+che+sfid%C3%B2+Disney&rft.pages=33&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft.aulast=Fiecconi&rft.aufirst=Federico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilgiornale.it%2Fpag_pdf.php%3FID%3D40862&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Mentenanță CS1: Limbă nerecunoscută (<a href="/wiki/Categorie:Mentenan%C8%9B%C4%83_CS1:_Limb%C4%83_nerecunoscut%C4%83" title="Categorie:Mentenanță CS1: Limbă nerecunoscută">link</a>) </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyTeleWhitworth-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DailyTeleWhitworth_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Whitworth, Melissa (<time datetime="2006-12-20">20 decembrie 2006</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/12/20/nbarbera20.xml">„Master cartoonist who created Tom and Jerry draws his last”</a>. New York: Telegraph.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-09">9 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Master+cartoonist+who+created+Tom+and+Jerry+draws+his+last&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft.aulast=Whitworth&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fmain.jhtml%3Fxml%3D%2Fnews%2F2006%2F12%2F20%2Fnbarbera20.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">English, Merle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/102676617.html?dids=102676617:102676617&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+22%2C+1991&author=Merle+English&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=BROOKLYN+DIARY+Portrait+of+The+Cartoon+Artist+As+a+Young+Man&pqatl=google">"Brooklyn Diary. Portrait of The Cartoon Artist As a Young Man"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023091538/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/102676617.html?dids=102676617:102676617&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+22,+1991&author=Merle+English&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=BROOKLYN+DIARY+Portrait+of+The+Cartoon+Artist+As+a+Young+Man&pqatl=google">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2012-10-23">23 octombrie 2012</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i><a href="/wiki/Newsday" title="Newsday">Newsday</a></i>, 22 septembrie 1991. Accesat la 22 octombrie 2009. „Dar amintirile la care ține cel mai mult sunt cele din perioada liceului [Erasmus Hall High School], pe care l-a absolvit în 1928.”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TOwife-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TOwife_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903004352/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article758281.ece">„Joseph Barbera”</a>. <i>The Times</i>. London. <time datetime="2006-12-20">20 decembrie 2006</time>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article758281.ece">original</a> la <time datetime="2011-09-03">3 septembrie 2011</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-20">20 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Joseph+Barbera&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fcomment%2Fobituaries%2Farticle758281.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GrantBio-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GrantBio_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GrantBio_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Grant, John (<time datetime="1994">1994</time>). <i>Masters of Animation</i>. New York, NY: Watson-Guptill Publications. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-8230-3041-5" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-8230-3041-5">0-8230-3041-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masters+of+Animation&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Watson-Guptill+Publications&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-8230-3041-5&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTBarberaObit-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTBarberaObit_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTBarberaObit_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTBarberaObit_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Itzkoff, Dave (<time datetime="2006-12-19">19 decembrie 2006</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/19/arts/19barbera.html?scp=1&sq=Joseph%20Barbera,%20Half%20of%20Cartoon%20Duo,%20Dies%20at%2095%20-%20New%20York%20Times&st=cse">„Joseph Barbera, Half of Cartoon Duo, Dies at 95”</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-23">23 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Joseph+Barbera%2C+Half+of+Cartoon+Duo%2C+Dies+at+95&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft.aulast=Itzkoff&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F12%2F19%2Farts%2F19barbera.html%3Fscp%3D1%26sq%3DJoseph%2520Barbera%2C%2520Half%2520of%2520Cartoon%2520Duo%2C%2520Dies%2520at%252095%2520-%2520New%2520York%2520Times%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AutoBiog-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoBiog_14-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hanna, William; Tom Ito (<time datetime="2000">2000</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=pHhw_ZgO6WoC"><i>A Cast of Friends</i></a>. Emeryville, California: Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-306-80917-6" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-306-80917-6">0-306-80917-6</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-18">18 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Cast+of+Friends&rft.place=Emeryville%2C+California&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-306-80917-6&rft.aulast=Hanna&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Tom+Ito&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DpHhw_ZgO6WoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meshing-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meshing_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meshing_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meshing_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meshing_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meshing_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Vallance, Tom (<time datetime="2001-03-24">24 martie 2001</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/william-hanna-728958.html">„William Hanna”</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-04">4 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=William+Hanna&rft.date=2001-03-24&rft.aulast=Vallance&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fwilliam-hanna-728958.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-APobit-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-APobit_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-APobit_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-APobit_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-APobit_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-APobit_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201741/http://www.newsday.com/news/a-cartoon-king-is-dead-at-90-1.352770">„A Cartoon King Is Dead at 90”</a>. Associated Press. <time datetime="2001-03-22">22 martie 2001</time>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsday.com/news/a-cartoon-king-is-dead-at-90-1.352770">original</a> la <time datetime="2016-03-03">3 martie 2016</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-14">14 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Cartoon+King+Is+Dead+at+90&rft.date=2001-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsday.com%2Fnews%2Fa-cartoon-king-is-dead-at-90-1.352770&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50CatMouse-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50CatMouse_17-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Adams, T. R. 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Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-13">13 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+cartoon+dream+team&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2001-03-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F1237649.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UPI-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UPI_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">„Legendary cartoonist William Hanna dies”. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. <time datetime="2001-03-23">23 martie 2001</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Legendary+cartoonist+William+Hanna+dies&rft.date=2001-03-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianObit-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianObit_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianObit_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Gifford, Denis (<time datetime="2001-03-24">24 martie 2001</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2001/mar/24/guardianobituaries.filmnews1">„William Hanna: Master animator whose cartoon creations included Tom and Jerry and the Flintstones”</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 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Associated Press. <time datetime="2006-12-18">18 decembrie 2006</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-16">16 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cartoon+creator+Joe+Barbera+dies&rft.date=2006-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fsharedcontent%2Fdws%2Fent%2Fstories%2F121906dnentbarberaobit.1e1b331.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.9am.ro/stiri-revista-presei/2006-12-20/a-murit-creatorul-lui-tom-si-jerry.html">„A murit creatorul lui „Tom si Jerry<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>”</a>. 9am.ro. <time datetime="2006-12-20">20 decembrie 2006</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-02-11">11 februarie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+murit+creatorul+lui+%E2%80%9ETom+si+Jerry%E2%80%9D&rft.pub=9am.ro&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.9am.ro%2Fstiri-revista-presei%2F2006-12-20%2Fa-murit-creatorul-lui-tom-si-jerry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dallas-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dallas_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dallas_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dallas_54-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070104045819/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/121906dnentbarberaobit.1e1b331.html">„Cartoon creator Joe Barbera dies”</a>. Dallas Morning News / <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">AP</a>. <time datetime="2006-12-18">18 decembrie 2006</time>. Arhivat din original în <time datetime="2007-01-04">4 ianuarie 2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2006-12-18">18 decembrie 2006</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cartoon+creator+Joe+Barbera+dies&rft.pub=Dallas+Morning+News+%2F+AP&rft.date=2006-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fsharedcontent%2Fdws%2Fent%2Fstories%2F121906dnentbarberaobit.1e1b331.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Mentenanță CS1: URL impropriu (<a href="/wiki/Categorie:Mentenan%C8%9B%C4%83_CS1:_URL_impropriu" title="Categorie:Mentenanță CS1: URL impropriu">link</a>) </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://web.archive.org/web/20070104045819/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/121906dnentbarberaobit.1e1b331.html">Copia arhivată</a> la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bahn, Paul G. (<time datetime="2014-04-14">14 aprilie 2014</time>). <i>The Archaeology of Hollywood: Traces of the Golden Age</i>. v. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0759123786" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0759123786">978-0759123786</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+Hollywood%3A+Traces+of+the+Golden+Age&rft.pub=v&rft.date=2014-04-14&rft.isbn=978-0759123786&rft.aulast=Bahn&rft.aufirst=Paul+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NutTale-56"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NutTale_56-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1114698/">„Tom and Jerry: A Nutcracker Tale”</a>. Imdb. <time datetime="2007">2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-20">20 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tom+and+Jerry%3A+A+Nutcracker+Tale&rft.pub=Imdb&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt1114698%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAToday-57"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_57-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usatoday.com/life/2001-03-22-hanna-obit.htm">„Cartoon pioneer William Hanna dead at 90”</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. <time datetime="2001-03-23">23 martie 2001</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-19">19 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Cartoon+pioneer+William+Hanna+dead+at+90&rft.date=2001-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Flife%2F2001-03-22-hanna-obit.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-superior-58"><b><a href="#cite_ref-superior_58-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Glendinning, Lee (<time datetime="2006-12-19">19 decembrie 2006</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/dec/19/usa.media">„Joe Barbera, creator of cartoon classics, dies at 95”</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Regatul Unit<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-04">4 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Joe+Barbera%2C+creator+of+cartoon+classics%2C+dies+at+95&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft.aulast=Glendinning&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2006%2Fdec%2F19%2Fusa.media&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aussie-59"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aussie_59-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Juddery, Mark (<time datetime="2001-03-29">29 martie 2001</time>). „Cat and mouse game fathered TV cartoon empire”. <i>The Australian</i>. p. 12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian&rft.atitle=Cat+and+mouse+game+fathered+TV+cartoon+empire&rft.pages=12&rft.date=2001-03-29&rft.aulast=Juddery&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> necesită <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GreatestList-60"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GreatestList_60-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080208043937/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/TV/07/30/cartoon.characters/index.html">„Bugs Bunny tops greatest cartoon characters list”</a>. CNN. <time datetime="2002-07-30">30 iulie 2002</time>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/TV/07/30/cartoon.characters/index.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2008-02-08">8 februarie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-14">14 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bugs+Bunny+tops+greatest+cartoon+characters+list&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2002-07-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.cnn.com%2F2002%2FSHOWBIZ%2FTV%2F07%2F30%2Fcartoon.characters%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMawards-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMawards_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMawards_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=2:93352~T3">„William Hanna—Awards”</a>. <a href="/wiki/Allmovie" title="Allmovie">allmovie</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-08-12">12 august 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=William+Hanna%E2%80%94Awards&rft.pub=allmovie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmovie.com%2Fcg%2Favg.dll%3Fp%3Davg%26sql%3D2%3A93352~T3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IndVallanceB-62"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IndVallanceB_62-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Vallance, Tom (<time datetime="2006-12-20">20 decembrie 2006</time>). „Joseph Barbera: Animation pioneer whose creations with William Hanna included the Flintstones and Tom and Jerry”. <i>The Independent (Londra)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent+%28Londra%29&rft.atitle=Joseph+Barbera%3A+Animation+pioneer+whose+creations+with+William+Hanna+included+the+Flintstones+and+Tom+and+Jerry&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft.aulast=Vallance&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyVariety1-63"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DailyVariety1_63-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">„Academia Artelor Televiziunii și a Științei a dezvelit miercuri un basorelief de bronz cântărind 1200 de <a href="/wiki/Sistemul_anglo-saxon_de_unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Sistemul anglo-saxon de unități">livre</a>, dedicat animatorilor și creatorilor de desene animate Joseph Barbera și William Hanna, la Hall of Fame Plaza în North Hollywood”. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Variety" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Variety">Daily Variety</a></i>. <time datetime="2005-03-17">17 martie 2005</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Variety&rft.atitle=Academia+Artelor+Televiziunii+%C8%99i+a+%C8%98tiin%C8%9Bei+a+dezvelit+miercuri+un+basorelief+de+bronz+c%C3%A2nt%C4%83rind+1200+de+livre%2C+dedicat+animatorilor+%C8%99i+creatorilor+de+desene+animate+Joseph+Barbera+%C8%99i+William+Hanna%2C+la+Hall+of+Fame+Plaza+%C3%AEn+North+Hollywood&rft.date=2005-03-17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lectură_suplimentară"><span id="Lectur.C4.83_suplimentar.C4.83"></span>Lectură suplimentară</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Lectură suplimentară" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Barbera&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Lectură suplimentară"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Cawley, John; Jim Korkis (<time datetime="1990">1990</time>). <i>The Encyclopedia of Cartoon Superstars: From a to (Almost Z)</i>. Las Vegas, NV: Pioneer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/1-55698-269-0" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/1-55698-269-0">1-55698-269-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Cartoon+Superstars%3A+From+a+to+%28Almost+Z%29&rft.place=Las+Vegas%2C+NV&rft.pub=Pioneer&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=1-55698-269-0&rft.aulast=Cawley&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Jim+Korkis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Erickson, Hal (<time datetime="1987">1987</time>). <i>Television Cartoon Shows: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, 1949–1993</i>. Jefferson City, NC: McFarland & Company. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-7864-0029-3" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-7864-0029-3">0-7864-0029-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Television+Cartoon+Shows%3A+An+Illustrated+Encyclopedia%2C+1949%E2%80%931993&rft.place=Jefferson+City%2C+NC&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-7864-0029-3&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=Hal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Horn, Maurice (<time datetime="1980">1980</time>). <i>The World Encyclopedia of Cartoons</i>. New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-87754-088-8" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-87754-088-8">0-87754-088-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Encyclopedia+of+Cartoons&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Chelsea+House+Publishing&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-87754-088-8&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Lenburg, Jeff (<time datetime="2011">2011</time>). <i>William Hanna and Joseph Barbera: The Sultans of Saturday Morning</i>. New York, NY: Chelsea House. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/1-60413-837-8" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/1-60413-837-8">1-60413-837-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Hanna+and+Joseph+Barbera%3A+The+Sultans+of+Saturday+Morning&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Chelsea+House&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=1-60413-837-8&rft.aulast=Lenburg&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Mallory, Michael (<time datetime="1987">1987</time>). <i>Hanna Barbera Cartoons</i>. Englewood, NJ: Universe. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-88363-108-3" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-88363-108-3">0-88363-108-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hanna+Barbera+Cartoons&rft.place=Englewood%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Universe&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-88363-108-3&rft.aulast=Mallory&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Maltin, Leonard (<time datetime="1987">1987</time>). <i>Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons</i>. New York, NY: New American Library. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-452-25993-2" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-452-25993-2">0-452-25993-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Of+Mice+and+Magic%3A+A+History+of+American+Animated+Cartoons&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=New+American+Library&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-452-25993-2&rft.aulast=Maltin&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Barbera" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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