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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Aprendizaxe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aprendizaxe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Aprendizaxe"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aprendizaxe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Os_primeiros_pasos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Os_primeiros_pasos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Os primeiros pasos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Os_primeiros_pasos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conceptos_básicos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conceptos_básicos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Conceptos básicos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conceptos_básicos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conceptos_medios" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conceptos_medios"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Conceptos medios</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conceptos_medios-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conceptos_avanzados" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conceptos_avanzados"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Conceptos avanzados</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conceptos_avanzados-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manual" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manual"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Manual</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Manual-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Manual"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Manual-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Estrutura_e_estilo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estrutura_e_estilo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Estrutura e estilo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estrutura_e_estilo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elementos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elementos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Elementos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elementos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Comentarios" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comentarios"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Comentarios</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comentarios-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constantes_literais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constantes_literais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Constantes literais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constantes_literais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identificadores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identificadores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Identificadores</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identificadores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variables" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variables"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>Variables</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variables-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operadores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operadores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Operadores</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operadores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instrucións_de_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instrucións_de_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.6</span> <span>Instrucións de control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instrucións_de_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funcións" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funcións"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.7</span> <span>Funcións</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funcións-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directrices_para_o_preprocesador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directrices_para_o_preprocesador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.8</span> <span>Directrices para o <i>preprocesador</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directrices_para_o_preprocesador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biblioteca_estándar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblioteca_estándar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Biblioteca estándar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biblioteca_estándar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apéndice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apéndice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Apéndice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apéndice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epílogo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epílogo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Epílogo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epílogo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Táboa de contidos" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">C</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" 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Dispoñible en 27 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="برمجة سي – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برمجة سي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikibooks.org/wiki/C_(proqramla%C5%9Fd%C4%B1rma_dili)" title="C (proqramlaşdırma dili) – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="C (proqramlaşdırma dili)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82" title="সি প্রোগ্রামিং – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সি প্রোগ্রামিং" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programaci%C3%B3_en_C" title="Programació en C – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Programació en C" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kurz_programov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_v_C" title="Kurz programování v C – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kurz programování v C" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/C-Programmierung" title="C-Programmierung – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="C-Programmierung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C_Programming" title="C Programming – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="C Programming" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programaci%C3%B3n_en_C" title="Programación en C – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Programación en C" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programmeerimiskeel_C" title="Programmeerimiskeel C – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Programmeerimiskeel C" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="زبان برنامه نویسی سی – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان برنامه نویسی سی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikibooks.org/wiki/C" title="C – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="C" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programmation_C" title="Programmation C – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Programmation C" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%AA_C" title="שפת C – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפת C" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="सी प्रोग्रामिंग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सी प्रोग्रामिंग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programoz%C3%A1s_C_nyelven" title="Programozás C nyelven – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Programozás C nyelven" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikibooks.org/wiki/C" title="C – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="C" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikibooks.org/wiki/Linguaggio_C" title="Linguaggio C – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Linguaggio C" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikibooks.org/wiki/C%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E" title="C言語 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="C言語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikibooks.org/wiki/C_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90)" title="C (პროგრამირება) – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="C (პროგრამირება)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikibooks.org/wiki/C" title="C – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="C" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programmeren_in_C" title="Programmeren in C – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Programmeren in C" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikibooks.org/wiki/C" title="C – noruegués" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="C" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikibooks.org/wiki/C" title="C – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="C" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programar_em_C" title="Programar em C – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Programar em C" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Язык Си в примерах – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Язык Си в примерах" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programmering_i_ANSI-C" title="Programmering i ANSI-C – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Programmering i ANSI-C" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/C" title="C – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="C" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15777#sitelinks-wikibooks" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/C" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Páxina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Máis opcións" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accións </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/C"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit" title="Pode modificar esta páxina; antes de gardala, por favor, utilice o botón de vista previa [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=history"><span>Ver o historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Xeral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1xinas_que_ligan_con_esta/C" title="Lista de todas as páxinas do wiki que ligan cara a aquí [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páxinas que ligan con esta</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Cambios_relacionados/C" rel="nofollow" title="Cambios recentes nas páxinas ligadas desde esta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Cambios relacionados</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=gl" title="Subir ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Subir un ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&oldid=15838" title="Ligazón permanente a esta versión desta páxina"><span>Ligazón permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=info" title="Máis información sobre esta páxina"><span>Información da páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Cita&page=C&id=15838&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Información sobre como citar esta páxina"><span>Citar esta páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FC"><span>Xerar URL acurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FC"><span>Descargar o código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=C"><span>Crear un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=C&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descargar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&printable=yes" title="Versión para imprimir da páxina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versión para imprimir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros proxectos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:C_(programming_language)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(linguaxe_de_programaci%C3%B3n)" hreflang="gl"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15777" title="Ligazón ao elemento conectado no repositorio de datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento de Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">En Galilibros, o Wikibooks en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><table align="right" style="margin-left: 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <td><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">A <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portada" class="extiw" title="w:Portada">Galipedia</a> ten un artigo sobre: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programaci%C3%B3n)" class="extiw" title="w:C (programación)">C</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <p><br /> Este libro está orientado á aprendizaxe da linguaxe <b>C</b>, a principal linguaxe de programación estruturada, utilizada a miúdo no desenvolvemento de sistemas operativos. Trátase por tanto dun libro ideal para quen queira iniciarse na programación. </p><p>O libro traballa co último estándar de C, o <b>C99</b>, publicado en 1999. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Información"><span id="Informaci.C3.B3n"></span>Información</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Información»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Historia" title="C/Historia">Historia</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Caracter%C3%ADsticas" title="C/Características">Características</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/C_fronte_a_outras_linguaxes_de_programaci%C3%B3n" title="C/C fronte a outras linguaxes de programación">C fronte a outras linguaxes de programación</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Requisitos" title="C/Requisitos">Requisitos</a></b></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aprendizaxe">Aprendizaxe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Aprendizaxe»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Os_primeiros_pasos">Os primeiros pasos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Os primeiros pasos»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Proceso_de_traballo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Proceso de traballo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Proceso de traballo</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/O_primeiro_programa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/O primeiro programa (a páxina aínda non existe)">O primeiro programa</a></b></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conceptos_básicos"><span id="Conceptos_b.C3.A1sicos"></span>Conceptos básicos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Conceptos básicos»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Estrutura_b%C3%A1sica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Estrutura básica (a páxina aínda non existe)">Estrutura básica</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Conceptos_b%C3%A1sicos_de_variables&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Conceptos básicos de variables (a páxina aínda non existe)">Conceptos básicos de variables</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Conceptos_b%C3%A1sicos_de_variables&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Conceptos básicos de variables (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Interacci%C3%B3n_co_usuario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Interacción co usuario (a páxina aínda non existe)">Interacción co usuario</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Interacci%C3%B3n_co_usuario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Interacción co usuario (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Matem%C3%A1tica_b%C3%A1sica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Matemática básica (a páxina aínda non existe)">Matemática básica</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Matem%C3%A1tica_b%C3%A1sica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Matemática básica (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Control_de_fluxo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Control de fluxo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Control de fluxo</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Control_de_fluxo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Control de fluxo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Conceptos_b%C3%A1sicos_de_funci%C3%B3ns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Conceptos básicos de funcións (a páxina aínda non existe)">Conceptos básicos de funcións</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Conceptos_b%C3%A1sicos_de_funci%C3%B3ns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Conceptos básicos de funcións (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Manexo_de_erros" class="mw-redirect" title="C/Manexo de erros">Manexo de erros</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Preprocesador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Preprocesador (a páxina aínda non existe)">Preprocesador</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Ficheiros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Ficheiros (a páxina aínda non existe)">Ficheiros</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Ficheiros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Ficheiros (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conceptos_medios">Conceptos medios</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Conceptos medios»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Matrices_e_cadeas_de_caracteres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Matrices e cadeas de caracteres (a páxina aínda non existe)">Matrices e cadeas de caracteres</a></b> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Applications-office.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/12px-Applications-office.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/18px-Applications-office.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Applications-office.svg/24px-Applications-office.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Exercicios:Matrices_e_cadeas_de_caracteres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Exercicios:Matrices e cadeas de caracteres (a páxina aínda non existe)">Exercicios</a>)</dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Estruturas,_uni%C3%B3ns_e_enumeraci%C3%B3ns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Estruturas, unións e enumeracións (a páxina aínda non existe)">Estruturas, unións e enumeracións</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Conceptos_b%C3%A1sicos_de_punteiros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Conceptos básicos de punteiros (a páxina aínda non existe)">Conceptos básicos de punteiros</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Xesti%C3%B3n_da_memoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Xestión da memoria (a páxina aínda non existe)">Xestión da memoria</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Listas_encadeadas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Listas encadeadas (a páxina aínda non existe)">Listas encadeadas</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/%C3%81rbores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Árbores (a páxina aínda non existe)">Árbores</a></b></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conceptos_avanzados">Conceptos avanzados</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Conceptos avanzados»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Programaci%C3%B3n_orientada_%C3%A1_rede_en_sistemas_tipo_UNIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Programación orientada á rede en sistemas tipo UNIX (a páxina aínda non existe)">Programación orientada á rede en sistemas tipo UNIX</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Serializaci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Serialización (a páxina aínda non existe)"><i>Serialización</i></a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=C/Combinaci%C3%B3n_con_outras_linguaxes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C/Combinación con outras linguaxes (a páxina aínda non existe)">Combinación con outras linguaxes</a></b></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manual">Manual</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Manual»"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estrutura_e_estilo"><a href="/wiki/C/Estrutura_e_estilo" title="C/Estrutura e estilo">Estrutura e estilo</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Estrutura e estilo»"><span>editar</span></a><span 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title="C/Tipos fundamentais">Tipos fundamentais</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Modificadores" title="C/Modificadores">Modificadores</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Moldes" title="C/Moldes">Moldes</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Matrices" title="C/Matrices">Matrices</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Cadeas_de_caracteres" title="C/Cadeas de caracteres">Cadeas de caracteres</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Estruturas" title="C/Estruturas">Estruturas</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Uni%C3%B3ns" title="C/Unións">Unións</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Enumeraci%C3%B3ns" title="C/Enumeracións">Enumeracións</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Punteiros" title="C/Punteiros">Punteiros</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/C/Nomear_tipos" title="C/Nomear tipos">Nomear tipos</a></b></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Operadores"><a href="/wiki/C/Operadores" title="C/Operadores">Operadores</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>27 linguas</span> </button> 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