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searchaux" style="display:none">English geologist (1859–1939)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Alfred Harker</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Harker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Alfred_Harker.jpg/220px-Alfred_Harker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Alfred_Harker.jpg/330px-Alfred_Harker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Alfred_Harker.jpg/440px-Alfred_Harker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="1683" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1859-02-18</span>)</span>18 February 1859<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Hull, Yorkshire, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">28 July 1939<span style="display:none">(1939-07-28)</span> (aged 80)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Geologist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Geological studies of western Scotland and the Isle of Skye</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Petrology for Students</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Harker_signature.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Alfred_Harker_signature.png/150px-Alfred_Harker_signature.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Alfred_Harker_signature.png/225px-Alfred_Harker_signature.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Alfred_Harker_signature.png/300px-Alfred_Harker_signature.png 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="139" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alfred Harker</b> <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">FRS</a><sup id="cite_ref-frs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (19 February 1859 – 28 July 1939) was an English geologist who specialised in <a href="/wiki/Petrology" title="Petrology">petrology</a> and interpretive <a href="/wiki/Petrography" title="Petrography">petrography</a>. He was lecturer in petrology at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a> for many years, and carried out field mapping for the Geological Survey of Scotland and geological studies of western <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Skye" title="Isle of Skye">Isle of Skye</a>. He and other British geologists pioneered the use of <a href="/wiki/Thin_section" title="Thin section">thin sections</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Petrographic_microscope" title="Petrographic microscope">petrographic microscope</a> in interpretive petrology. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harker's father was the <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a> corn merchant Portas Hewart Harker, his mother Ellen Mary Harker. He attended <a href="/wiki/Hull_College" title="Hull College">Hull</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Riding_College" title="East Riding College">East Riding College</a>, and the private <a href="/wiki/Clewer_House_School" title="Clewer House School">Clewer House School</a> (<a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Berkshire" title="Windsor, Berkshire">Windsor</a>) before enrolling as an undergraduate at <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="St John's College, Cambridge">St. John's College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>) from where he graduated with an <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">M.A.</a> on 18 January 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whilst at Cambridge he was an early member of the <a href="/wiki/Sedgwick_Club" title="Sedgwick Club">Sedgwick Club</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1884 he held the post of <a href="/wiki/Academic_rank#Academic_ranks_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic rank">Demonstrator</a> in the Geology Department under <a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKenny_Hughes" title="Thomas McKenny Hughes">Thomas McKenny Hughes</a> (whom he regarded his <a href="/wiki/Mentor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentor">mentor</a>), as lecturer at <a href="/wiki/Newnham_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Newnham College">Newnham College</a> in 1892 at <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="St John's College, Cambridge">St. John's College</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Senior_Lecturer" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior Lecturer">University Lecturer</a> in 1904, and as <a href="/wiki/Reader_(academic_rank)" title="Reader (academic rank)">Reader</a> in Petrology in 1918. </p><p>Harker's duties included teaching Mineralogy and Petrology to students. Harker was elected as a Fellow of St. John's College in 1885. A geological tour of Western Europe in 1887 introduced him to the metamorphic rocks of the Ardennes which proved to be an influential experience to his continuing research. Harker accompanied Professor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKenny_Hughes" title="Thomas McKenny Hughes">Thomas McKenny Hughes</a> to the United States in 1891 where they attended the 5th International Geological Congress. This was the first time the event had been held outside Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fieldwork_and_research">Fieldwork and research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fieldwork and research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg/220px-Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg/330px-Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg/440px-Harker_Geological_Map_Isle_of_Rum_1903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2405" data-file-height="2578" /></a><figcaption>Alfred Harker's Geological Map of the Isle of Rum, 1903</figcaption></figure><p>In 1895, Harker commenced employment with the <a href="/wiki/Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Geological Survey">Geological Survey</a> of Great Britain on a part-time basis. Professor McKenny-Hughes had also worked with the Survey, but Harker's invitation came from the then Director General, <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Geikie" title="Archibald Geikie">Archibald Geikie</a>. This was to assist in the mapping and determination of the igneous rocks of the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Skye" title="Isle of Skye">Isle of Skye</a> and the Small Isles. This association lasted until 1905.<sup id="cite_ref-GeoMag_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeoMag-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, he also became a Member of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Mountaineering_Club" title="Scottish Mountaineering Club">Scottish Mountaineering Club</a>. </p><p>Harker's active fieldwork programme also saw him collaborating with Professor <a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Marr" title="John Edward Marr">John Edward Marr</a> of the Department of Geology on the volcanic rocks of the <a href="/wiki/Lake_District" title="Lake District">Lake District</a> in 1889. The <a href="/wiki/Sedgwick_Museum_of_Earth_Sciences" title="Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences">Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences</a> opened in 1904 and three years later, Harker published research on material he had prepared petrological rock slices of. He named the petrological samples brought back by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> as the 'Beagle Collection of Rocks'. The collection of 42,000 rock specimens made by Harker forms the basis of the Sedgwick Museum's petrological collection, now comprising more than 150,000 hand specimens and thin sections which are known collectively as the Harker Collection.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harker retired in 1931 and St. John's College made him a Life Fellow soon after his retirement. He died in 1939. A book illustrating the geology and landscapes of the Western Isles of Scotland was published posthumously. Many of the illustrations in this work were based on drawings he made in his numerous field notebooks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours_and_awards">Honours and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Honours and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was elected a <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellow of the Royal Society</a> (FRS) in June 1902,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and received their <a href="/wiki/Royal_Medal" title="Royal Medal">Royal Medal</a> in 1935. In 1907 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Murchison_Medal" title="Murchison Medal">Murchison Medal</a>, and in 1922 the <a href="/wiki/Wollaston_medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wollaston medal">Wollaston medal</a>, both by the <a href="/wiki/Geological_Society_of_London" title="Geological Society of London">Geological Society of London</a>, which he had served as president from 1916 to 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-frs_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a> awarded him with an honorary doctoral degree in law in 1919. <a href="/wiki/Harker_Glacier" title="Harker Glacier">Harker Glacier</a> on <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia Island</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-usgs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usgs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mount_Harker" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Harker">Mount Harker</a> in <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-usgs_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usgs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Dorsa_Harker" title="Dorsa Harker">Dorsa Harker</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-dorsaharker_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dorsaharker-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a feature on the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>, are named after him. The mineral <a href="/wiki/Borate_minerals#Class:_borates" class="mw-redirect" title="Borate minerals">harkerite</a>, first found on the Isle of Skye, is named after him. After his retirement, he was given the post of honorary <a href="/wiki/Curator" title="Curator">curator</a> of the Cambridge Petrological Museum, and their extensive rock collection bears his name. Two lecture rooms are named after him in the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Earth_Sciences,_University_of_Cambridge" title="Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge">Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archives">Archives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>13 boxes of the papers of Alfred Harker are held at the <a href="/wiki/Sedgwick_Museum_of_Earth_Sciences" title="Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences">Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences</a> in Cambridge.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The archive comprises notebooks, sketchbooks, and photograph albums detailing geological excursions in the U.K from the late nineteenth century. These mostly cover the Isle of Skye, Isle of Arran, Yorkshire (Scarborough), and other Scottish Highlands. There are also notebooks detailing specimens collected (catalogues), lecture note drafts, maps, and some personal records including details of an 80th birthday event. A collection level description is available on the <a href="/wiki/Archives_Hub" title="Archives Hub">Archives Hub</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A list of Harker's principal geological writings up to 1917 can be found in a biographical article published in the Geological Magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-GeoMag_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeoMag-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/balavolcanicseri00harkuoft/page/n5"><i>The Bala volcanic series of Caernarvonshire and associated rocks; being the Sedgwick Prize Essay for 1888</i></a>, 1889, Cambridge University Press.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/petrologystudent00harkrich/page/n5"><i>Petrology for Students</i></a>, 1895, Cambridge University Press</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924004019380/page/n7"><i>The geology of North Arran, South Bute, and the Cumbraes, with parts of Ayrshire and Kintyre (Sheet 21, Scotland.)</i></a>, 1903, HMSO</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Harker1903Quarterlyjourna591903geol"><i>The overthrust torridonian rocks of the Isle of Rum</i></a>, 1903, The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London Volume 59 pp. 189–215</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924004066373/page/n5"><i>The Tertiary Igneous Rocks of Skye</i></a>, 1904, Geological Survey of Scotland Memoir</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/naturalhistoryof00harkrich/page/n7"><i>The Natural History of Igneous Rocks</i></a>, 1909, Macmillan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/geologysmallisl00barrgoog/page/n10"><i>The Geology of the Small Isles of Inverness-shire: (Rum, Canna, Eigg, Muck etc.)(sheet 60, Scotland.)</i></a>, 1909, Geological Survey of Scotland Memoir</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/notesongeologica00harkrich/page/n5"><i>Notes on geological map-reading</i></a>, 1920, Heffer</li> <li><i>Metamorphism: A Study of the Transformations of Rock-Masses</i>, 1923, Methuen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.205763/page/n1">Second Edition 1939</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-frs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-frs_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-frs_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSewardTilley1940" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Seward" title="Albert Seward">Seward, A. C.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Edgar_Tilley" title="Cecil Edgar Tilley">Tilley, C. E.</a> (1940). "<a href="/wiki/Alfred_Harker_(petrologist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Harker (petrologist)">Alfred Harker</a>. 1859-1939". <i><a href="/wiki/Obituary_Notices_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society">Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society</a></i>. <b>3</b> (8): 196. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1940.0017">10.1098/rsbm.1940.0017</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:120092032">120092032</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Obituary+Notices+of+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society&rft.atitle=Alfred+Harker.+1859-1939&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=196&rft.date=1940&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsbm.1940.0017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A120092032%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Seward&rft.aufirst=A.+C.&rft.au=Tilley%2C+C.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFACADHRKR878A" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search-2018.pl?sur=&suro=w&fir=&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&z=all&tex=HRKR878A&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50">"Harker, Alfred (HRKR878A)"</a>. <i>A Cambridge Alumni Database</i>. University of Cambridge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Harker%2C+Alfred+%28HRKR878A%29&rft.btitle=A+Cambridge+Alumni+Database&rft.pub=University+of+Cambridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvenn.lib.cam.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fsearch-2018.pl%3Fsur%3D%26suro%3Dw%26fir%3D%26firo%3Dc%26cit%3D%26cito%3Dc%26c%3Dall%26z%3Dall%26tex%3DHRKR878A%26sye%3D%26eye%3D%26col%3Dall%26maxcount%3D50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sedgwickclub.soc.srcf.net/index.php">"The Sedgwick Club"</a>. <i>sedgwickclub.soc.srcf.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sedgwickclub.soc.srcf.net&rft.atitle=The+Sedgwick+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsedgwickclub.soc.srcf.net%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeoMag-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GeoMag_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeoMag_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1917Geologicalmagazi641917wood1">"Eminent Living Geologists. Alfred Harker"</a>. <i>Geological Magazine</i>. <b>IV</b> (VII). 1917. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0016756800198681">10.1017/s0016756800198681</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129933175">129933175</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Magazine&rft.atitle=Eminent+Living+Geologists.+Alfred+Harker&rft.volume=IV&rft.issue=VII&rft.date=1917&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0016756800198681&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A129933175%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F1917Geologicalmagazi641917wood1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sedgwickmuseum.org/index.php?page=the-harker-petrological-collection">"Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences – Petrology Collection"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sedgwick+Museum+of+Earth+Sciences+%E2%80%93+Petrology+Collection&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sedgwickmuseum.org%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dthe-harker-petrological-collection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Court Circular". <i>The Times</i>. No. 36787. London. 6 June 1902. p. 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Court+Circular&rft.issue=36787&rft.pages=p.-10&rft.date=1902-06-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usgs-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-usgs_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-usgs_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnisarchive/webant.antquery?fname=Harker&variant=no&ftype=&elev1=&elev2=&descr=&ndeg=&nmin=&wdeg=&wmin=&wdir=W&edeg=&emin=&edir=W&sdeg=&smin=&tab=y">"Feature Name: Harker"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a>. Retrieved 10 May 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dorsaharker-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dorsaharker_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/FeatureNameDetail.jsp?feature=61765">"Moon: Dorsa Harker"</a>. Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature Feature Information. Retrieved 20 June 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sedgwickmuseum.org">"Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences – Welcome"</a>. Sedgwickmuseum.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sedgwick+Museum+of+Earth+Sciences+%E2%80%93+Welcome&rft.pub=Sedgwickmuseum.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sedgwickmuseum.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120708180948/http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb590hrkr">"gb590-hrkr – The papers of Alfred Harker"</a>. Archives Hub. 9 March 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb590hrkr">the original</a> on 8 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=gb590-hrkr+%E2%80%93+The+papers+of+Alfred+Harker&rft.pub=Archives+Hub&rft.date=2011-03-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchiveshub.ac.uk%2Fdata%2Fgb590hrkr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Harker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Harker&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Young, Davis A., (2003) <i>Mind Over Magma: The Story of Igneous Petrology</i>, Princeton University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-10279-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-10279-1">0-691-10279-1</a></li> <li>Bragg, William (1939) <i>Address of the President Sir William Bragg, O.M., at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1939</i>, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences <b>173</b>(954):286–312 (18 December 1939). Obituary pp. 294–295.</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Geological_Society_of_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#002b7a; 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color:white;">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Bellas_Greenough" title="George Bellas Greenough">George Bellas Greenough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Grey_Bennet" title="Henry Grey Bennet">Henry Grey Bennet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake_(economist)" title="William Blake (economist)">William Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_MacCulloch" title="John MacCulloch">John MacCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bellas_Greenough" title="George Bellas Greenough">George Bellas Greenough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Compton,_2nd_Marquess_of_Northampton" title="Spencer Compton, 2nd Marquess of Northampton">Earl Compton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Babington_(physician)" title="William Babington (physician)">William Babington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Buckland" title="William Buckland">William Buckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bostock_(physician)" title="John Bostock (physician)">John Bostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Fitton" title="William Henry Fitton">William Fitton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Sedgwick" title="Adam Sedgwick">Adam Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_Murchison" title="Roderick Murchison">Roderick Murchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bellas_Greenough" title="George Bellas Greenough">George Bellas Greenough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lyell" title="Charles Lyell">Charles Lyell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whewell" title="William Whewell">William Whewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Buckland" title="William Buckland">William Buckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_Murchison" title="Roderick Murchison">Roderick Murchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Warburton" title="Henry Warburton">Henry Warburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Horner" title="Leonard Horner">Leonard Horner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_De_la_Beche" title="Henry De la Beche">Henry De la Beche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hopkins" title="William Hopkins">William Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Forbes" title="Edward Forbes">Edward Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hamilton_(geologist)" title="William Hamilton (geologist)">William Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sharpe" title="Daniel Sharpe">Daniel Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ellison_Portlock" title="Joseph Ellison Portlock">Joseph Ellison Portlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Phillips_(geologist)" title="John Phillips (geologist)">John Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Horner" title="Leonard Horner">Leonard Horner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ramsay_(geologist)" title="Andrew Ramsay (geologist)">Andrew Crombie Ramsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hamilton_(geologist)" title="William Hamilton (geologist)">William Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warington_Wilkinson_Smyth" title="Warington Wilkinson Smyth">Warington Wilkinson Smyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Huxley" title="Thomas Henry Huxley">Thomas Henry Huxley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Prestwich" title="Joseph Prestwich">Joseph Prestwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Campbell,_8th_Duke_of_Argyll" title="George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll">George Douglas Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Evans_(archaeologist)" title="John Evans (archaeologist)">John Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Martin_Duncan" title="Peter Martin Duncan">Peter Martin Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clifton_Sorby" title="Henry Clifton Sorby">Henry Clifton Sorby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Etheridge_(geologist)" title="Robert Etheridge (geologist)">Robert Etheridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hulke" title="John Hulke">John Whitaker Hulke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_George_Bonney" title="Thomas George Bonney">Thomas Bonney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Judd" title="John Wesley Judd">John Wesley Judd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Blanford" title="William Thomas Blanford">William Blanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Geikie" title="Archibald Geikie">Archibald Geikie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Hudleston_Hudleston" title="Wilfred Hudleston Hudleston">Wilfred Hudleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Woodward_(geologist)" title="Henry Woodward (geologist)">Henry Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hicks_(geologist)" title="Henry Hicks (geologist)">Henry Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whitaker_(geologist)" title="William Whitaker (geologist)">William Whitaker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#002b7a; color:white;">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jethro_Teall" title="Jethro Teall">Jethro Teall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lapworth" title="Charles Lapworth">Charles Lapworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Marr" title="John Edward Marr">John Marr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Geikie" title="Archibald Geikie">Archibald Geikie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Johnson_Sollas" title="William Johnson Sollas">William Sollas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whitehead_Watts" title="William Whitehead Watts">William Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Strahan" title="Aubrey Strahan">Aubrey Strahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Smith_Woodward" title="Arthur Smith Woodward">Arthur Smith Woodward</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfred Harker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_William_Lamplugh" title="George William Lamplugh">George Lamplugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dixon_Oldham" title="Richard Dixon Oldham">Richard Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Seward" title="Albert Seward">Albert Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Evans_(geologist)" title="John William Evans (geologist)">John Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Arthur_Bather" title="Francis Arthur Bather">Francis Bather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Walter_Gregory" title="John Walter Gregory">John Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Johnston_Garwood" title="Edmund Johnston Garwood">Edmund Garwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Holland" title="Thomas Henry Holland">Thomas Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Frederick_Norman_Green" title="John Frederick Norman Green">John Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Thomas_Jones" title="Owen Thomas Jones">Owen Thomas Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hurd_Swinnerton" title="Henry Hurd Swinnerton">Henry Hurd Swinnerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_George_Hamnall_Boswell" title="Percy George Hamnall Boswell">Percy Boswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Leader_Hawkins" title="Herbert Leader Hawkins">Herbert Leader Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_George_Fearnsides" title="William George Fearnsides">William Fearnsides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Trueman" title="A. E. Trueman">Arthur Trueman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Harold_Read" title="Herbert Harold Read">Herbert Harold Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Edgar_Tilley" title="Cecil Edgar Tilley">Cecil Tilley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Thomas_Jones" title="Owen Thomas Jones">Owen Thomas Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Martin_Lees" title="George Martin Lees">George Lees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._B._R._King" title="W. B. R. King">William King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Campbell_Smith" title="Walter Campbell Smith">Walter Campbell Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Hawkes" title="Leonard Hawkes">Leonard Hawkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_James_Stubblefield" title="Cyril James Stubblefield">James Stubblefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Ewart_Hollingworth" title="Sydney Ewart Hollingworth">Sydney Hollingworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Bulman" title="Oliver Bulman">Oliver Bulman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Shotton" title="Frederick William Shotton">Frederick Shotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsley_Dunham" title="Kingsley Dunham">Kingsley Dunham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neville_George" title="Neville George">Neville George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Deer" title="William Alexander Deer">William Alexander Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stanley_Westoll" title="Thomas Stanley Westoll">Thomas Westoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Edward_Kent" title="Percy Edward Kent">Percy Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Spencer_Pitcher" title="Wallace Spencer Pitcher">Wallace Pitcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percival_Allen" title="Percival Allen">Percival Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Howel_Francis" title="Edward Howel Francis">Howel Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Watson" title="Janet Watson">Janet Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hepworth_Holland" title="Charles Hepworth Holland">Charles Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Elgey_Leake" title="Bernard Elgey Leake">Bernard Leake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_John_Blundell" title="Derek John Blundell">Derek Blundell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Leonard_Harris" title="Anthony Leonard Harris">Anthony Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_David_Curtis" title="Charles David Curtis">Charles Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stephen_John_Sparks" title="Robert Stephen John Sparks">R. S. J. Sparks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hardman" title="Richard Hardman">Richard Hardman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Cocks" title="Robin Cocks">Robin Cocks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#002b7a; color:white;">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Oxburgh,_Baron_Oxburgh" title="Ronald Oxburgh, Baron Oxburgh">Ronald Oxburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Moody-Stuart" title="Mark Moody-Stuart">Mark Moody-Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Styles_(geologist)" title="Peter Styles (geologist)">Peter Styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Fortey" title="Richard Fortey">Richard Fortey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Frostick" title="Lynne Frostick">Lynne Frostick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627221#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627221#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627221#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000080903138">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/10598458">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/149860/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtCBVwMpvbJRV7GMW83cP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/116476206">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85805672">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p245859527">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007362737905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1289447">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd116476206.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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