CINXE.COM
Advancements in Neonatal Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment – Neonatal Disorders
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Advancements in Neonatal Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment – Neonatal Disorders</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Neonatal Disorders » Feed" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/neonataldisorders.com\/archive\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--contrast: var(--contrast);--wp--preset--color--contrast-2: var(--contrast-2);--wp--preset--color--contrast-3: var(--contrast-3);--wp--preset--color--base: var(--base);--wp--preset--color--base-2: var(--base-2);--wp--preset--color--base-3: var(--base-3);--wp--preset--color--accent: var(--accent);--wp--preset--color--accent-2: var(--accent-2);--wp--preset--color--accent-hover: var(--accent-hover);--wp--preset--color--highlight: var(--highlight);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='parent-style-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/style.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-widget-areas-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/components/widget-areas.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-style-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/main.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <style id='generate-style-inline-css'> body{background-color:var(--base);color:var(--contrast);}a{color:#1b78e2;}a:hover, a:focus, a:active{color:var(--accent-hover);}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-header .header-image{width:200px;}:root{--contrast:#212121;--contrast-2:#2f4468;--contrast-3:#878787;--base:#fafafa;--base-2:#f7f8f9;--base-3:#ffffff;--accent:#242226;--accent-2:#1b78e2;--accent-hover:#35343a;--highlight:#83b0de;}:root .has-contrast-color{color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-2-color{color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-2-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-3-color{color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-contrast-3-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-base-color{color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-background-color{background-color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-2-color{color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-2-background-color{background-color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-3-color{color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-base-3-background-color{background-color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-accent-color{color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-2-color{color:var(--accent-2);}:root .has-accent-2-background-color{background-color:var(--accent-2);}:root .has-accent-hover-color{color:var(--accent-hover);}:root .has-accent-hover-background-color{background-color:var(--accent-hover);}:root .has-highlight-color{color:var(--highlight);}:root .has-highlight-background-color{background-color:var(--highlight);}.gp-modal:not(.gp-modal--open):not(.gp-modal--transition){display:none;}.gp-modal--transition:not(.gp-modal--open){pointer-events:none;}.gp-modal-overlay:not(.gp-modal-overlay--open):not(.gp-modal--transition){display:none;}.gp-modal__overlay{display:none;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;z-index:10000;backdrop-filter:blur(3px);transition:opacity 500ms ease;opacity:0;}.gp-modal--open:not(.gp-modal--transition) .gp-modal__overlay{opacity:1;}.gp-modal__container{max-width:100%;max-height:100vh;transform:scale(0.9);transition:transform 500ms ease;padding:0 10px;}.gp-modal--open:not(.gp-modal--transition) .gp-modal__container{transform:scale(1);}.search-modal-fields{display:flex;}.gp-search-modal .gp-modal__overlay{align-items:flex-start;padding-top:25vh;background:var(--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color);}.search-modal-form{width:500px;max-width:100%;background-color:var(--gp-search-modal-bg-color);color:var(--gp-search-modal-text-color);}.search-modal-form .search-field, .search-modal-form .search-field:focus{width:100%;height:60px;background-color:transparent;border:0;appearance:none;color:currentColor;}.search-modal-fields button, .search-modal-fields button:active, .search-modal-fields button:focus, .search-modal-fields button:hover{background-color:transparent;border:0;color:currentColor;width:60px;}body, button, input, select, textarea{font-family:Open Sans, sans-serif;font-size:17px;}.main-title{font-size:25px;}.widget-title{font-weight:600;}button:not(.menu-toggle),html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],.button,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{font-size:15px;}h1{font-weight:600;font-size:40px;}h2{font-weight:600;font-size:30px;}h3{font-size:20px;}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a{color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030;}.site-header{background-color:#ffffff;color:#3a3a3a;}.site-header a{color:#3a3a3a;}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:#ffffff;}.site-description{color:#757575;}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a, .main-navigation .menu-toggle, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:var(--contrast);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--contrast);}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus{color:var(--contrast);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--accent-hover);}.navigation-search input[type="search"],.navigation-search input[type="search"]:active, .navigation-search input[type="search"]:focus, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active > a{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--contrast);}.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .one-container .container, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .inside-page-header{background-color:var(--base-3);}.inside-article a,.paging-navigation a,.comments-area a,.page-header a{color:var(--accent-2);}.inside-article a:hover,.paging-navigation a:hover,.comments-area a:hover,.page-header a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.entry-title a{color:var(--contrast);}.entry-title a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.entry-meta{color:var(--contrast-3);}.entry-meta a{color:var(--contrast);}.entry-meta a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}h1{color:var(--contrast);}h2{color:var(--contrast);}h3{color:var(--contrast);}.sidebar .widget{background-color:#ffffff;}.sidebar .widget a{color:var(--contrast);padding:0px;}.sidebar .widget a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.sidebar .widget .widget-title{color:#000000;}.footer-widgets{color:var(--base-3);background-color:var(--contrast-2);}.footer-widgets a{color:var(--base-3);}.footer-widgets a:hover{color:var(--base-3);}.footer-widgets .widget-title{color:var(--base-2);}.site-info{color:var(--contrast-2);}.site-info a{color:var(--contrast-2);}.site-info a:hover{color:var(--accent-hover);}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu .current-menu-item a{color:var(--accent-hover);}input[type="text"],input[type="email"],input[type="url"],input[type="password"],input[type="search"],input[type="tel"],input[type="number"],textarea,select{color:var(--contrast);background-color:#fafafa;border-color:var(--contrast);}input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="tel"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:var(--contrast-3);background-color:#ffffff;border-color:var(--contrast-3);}button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent);}button:hover,html input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="reset"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent-hover);}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:rgba( 0,0,0,0.4 );color:#ffffff;}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:rgba( 0,0,0,0.6 );color:#ffffff;}:root{--gp-search-modal-bg-color:var(--base-3);--gp-search-modal-text-color:var(--contrast);--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{background:none;color:var(--contrast);}}.inside-top-bar{padding:10px;}.inside-header{padding:40px;}.nav-below-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container, .nav-above-header .main-navigation .inside-navigation.grid-container{padding:0px 20px 0px 20px;}.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .one-container .site-content, .inside-page-header{padding:50px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:50px;}.separate-containers .paging-navigation{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-50px;width:calc(100% + 100px);max-width:calc(100% + 100px);}.one-container.right-sidebar .site-main,.one-container.both-right .site-main{margin-right:50px;}.one-container.left-sidebar .site-main,.one-container.both-left .site-main{margin-left:50px;}.one-container.both-sidebars .site-main{margin:0px 50px 0px 50px;}.one-container.archive .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item), .one-container.blog .post:not(:last-child):not(.is-loop-template-item){padding-bottom:50px;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item > a{line-height:51px!important;}.navigation-search input[type="search"]{height:65px;}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px;}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children > a{padding-right:20px;}.widget-area .widget{padding:50px;}.inside-site-info{padding:20px;}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .one-container .site-content, .inside-page-header{padding:30px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:30px;}.inside-site-info{padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-30px;width:calc(100% + 60px);max-width:calc(100% + 60px);}.one-container .site-main .paging-navigation{margin-bottom:20px;}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:var(--base)!important;}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav > ul{background-color:var(--base)!important;}}/* End cached CSS */.is-right-sidebar{width:30%;}.is-left-sidebar{width:25%;}.site-content .content-area{width:70%;}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block;}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav,.main-navigation:not(.slideout-navigation):not(.toggled) .main-nav > ul,.has-inline-mobile-toggle #site-navigation .inside-navigation > *:not(.navigation-search):not(.main-nav){display:none;}.nav-align-right .inside-navigation,.nav-align-center .inside-navigation{justify-content:space-between;}} .dynamic-author-image-rounded{border-radius:100%;}.dynamic-featured-image, .dynamic-author-image{vertical-align:middle;}.one-container.blog .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child), .one-container.archive .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:0px;}.dynamic-entry-excerpt > p:last-child{margin-bottom:0px;} .main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item > a{transition: line-height 300ms ease}.main-navigation.toggled .main-nav > ul{background-color: var(--accent)}.sticky-enabled .gen-sidebar-nav.is_stuck .main-navigation {margin-bottom: 0px;}.sticky-enabled .gen-sidebar-nav.is_stuck {z-index: 500;}.sticky-enabled .main-navigation.is_stuck {box-shadow: 0 2px 2px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);}.navigation-stick:not(.gen-sidebar-nav) {left: 0;right: 0;width: 100% !important;}.nav-float-right .navigation-stick {width: 100% !important;left: 0;}.nav-float-right .navigation-stick .navigation-branding {margin-right: auto;}.main-navigation.has-sticky-branding:not(.grid-container) .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container) .navigation-branding{margin-left: 10px;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-child-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress-child/style.css?ver=1724241999' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A300%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C700&display=auto&ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-blog-images-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/blog/functions/css/featured-images.min.css?ver=2.4.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-navigation-branding-css' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/menu-plus/functions/css/navigation-branding-flex.min.css?ver=2.4.1' media='all' /> <style id='generate-navigation-branding-inline-css'> .main-navigation.has-branding .inside-navigation.grid-container, .main-navigation.has-branding.grid-container .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container){padding:0px 50px 0px 50px;}.main-navigation.has-branding:not(.grid-container) .inside-navigation:not(.grid-container) .navigation-branding{margin-left:10px;}.navigation-branding img, .site-logo.mobile-header-logo img{height:65px;width:auto;}.navigation-branding .main-title{line-height:65px;}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation.has-branding.nav-align-center .menu-bar-items, .main-navigation.has-sticky-branding.navigation-stick.nav-align-center .menu-bar-items{margin-left:auto;}.navigation-branding{margin-right:auto;margin-left:10px;}.navigation-branding .main-title, .mobile-header-navigation .site-logo{margin-left:10px;}.main-navigation.has-branding .inside-navigation.grid-container{padding:0px;}} </style> <script src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/77" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/neonatal-sepsis/advancements-in-neonatal-sepsis-diagnosis-and-treatment/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/?p=77' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fneonataldisorders.com%2Farchive%2Fneonatal-sepsis%2Fadvancements-in-neonatal-sepsis-diagnosis-and-treatment%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fneonataldisorders.com%2Farchive%2Fneonatal-sepsis%2Fadvancements-in-neonatal-sepsis-diagnosis-and-treatment%2F&format=xml" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-favi-icon-270x270.png" /> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-77 single-format-standard wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive post-image-above-header post-image-aligned-center sticky-menu-no-transition sticky-enabled both-sticky-menu right-sidebar nav-below-header separate-containers header-aligned-left dropdown-hover featured-image-active" itemtype="https://schema.org/Blog" itemscope> <a class="screen-reader-text skip-link" href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a> <nav class="auto-hide-sticky has-branding main-navigation nav-align-right has-menu-bar-items sub-menu-right" id="site-navigation" aria-label="Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope> <div class="inside-navigation grid-container"> <div class="navigation-branding"><div class="site-logo"> <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/" title="Neonatal Disorders" rel="home"> <img class="header-image is-logo-image" alt="Neonatal Disorders" src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/cropped-logo.png" title="Neonatal Disorders" width="669" height="257" /> </a> </div></div> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="gp-icon icon-menu-bars"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm0 160c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h464c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24s-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span><span class="mobile-menu">Menu</span> </button> <div id="primary-menu" class="main-nav"><ul id="menu-primary-menu" class=" menu sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-57" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-57"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-65" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-58" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-58"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/publication-trends/">Publication Trends</a></li> <li id="menu-item-59" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-59"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/recent-publications/">Recent Publications</a></li> <li id="menu-item-60" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-60"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/expert-search/">Expert Search</a></li> </ul></div><div class="menu-bar-items"> <span class="menu-bar-item"> <a href="#" role="button" aria-label="Open search" data-gpmodal-trigger="gp-search"><span class="gp-icon icon-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M208 48c-88.366 0-160 71.634-160 160s71.634 160 160 160 160-71.634 160-160S296.366 48 208 48zM0 208C0 93.125 93.125 0 208 0s208 93.125 208 208c0 48.741-16.765 93.566-44.843 129.024l133.826 134.018c9.366 9.379 9.355 24.575-.025 33.941-9.379 9.366-24.575 9.355-33.941-.025L337.238 370.987C301.747 399.167 256.839 416 208 416 93.125 416 0 322.875 0 208z" /></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /></svg></span></a> </span> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="site grid-container container hfeed" id="page"> <div class="site-content" id="content"> <div class="content-area" id="primary"> <main class="site-main" id="main"> <article id="post-77" class="post-77 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-neonatal-sepsis tag-antibiotic-treatment tag-bacterial-infection tag-c-reactive-protein tag-fungi-septicaemia tag-icrovascular-thrombosis tag-inflammatory-disorders tag-leukocyte tag-neonatal-sepsis tag-novel-treatment tag-serological-tests" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single "> <img width="2560" height="1340" src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-scaled.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-300x157.jpg 300w, https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-768x402.jpg 768w, https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-1536x804.jpg 1536w, https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_27_-min-2048x1072.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Advancements in Neonatal Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-10T18:09:55+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">September 10, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/author/neonataldisorders/" title="View all posts by neonataldisorders" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">neonataldisorders</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Neonatal sepsis still breeds major issues in neonatal practice, particularly in the developed world, due to its added contributions to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, the diagnosis as well as the management of neonatal sepsis remain a health problem with many enumerations, even in the context of improvements in medical science. Over the years, researchers and clinicians have made many discoveries influenced by modern trends, providing new approaches to enhance the outcomes of neonates diagnosed with sepsis. The focus of this article is to identify the new trends in the diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis, including the newer markers used in diagnosing the condition, teamwork in the management of the disease, and trends in the initial management of the neonate with sepsis. </span></p> <h3><b>Introduction to Neonatal Sepsis </b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Neonatal sepsis is an infection in a newborn that results in SIRS due to bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Septicemia is the main one. According to the time of onset, the condition can be divided into early-onset sepsis (EOS), which is within the first 72 hours of life, and late-onset sepsis (LOS). It has been discovered that early diagnosis of stroke and accurate identification of its type play a central role in its management and favorable outcomes. Nevertheless, it is imperative to understand that the clinical manifestation of neonatal sepsis is sometimes nonspecific, and therefore the babies’ diagnosis may at times be complicated. Newer developments in diagnostic methods and curative procedures have presented a prospect for making improvements in these aspects in neonates and thus improving results. </span></p> <h3><b>Emerging Diagnostic Markers</b></h3> <h4><b>C-Reactive Protein (CRP) </b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein that rises with inflammation but lacks specificity for particular diseases. Significant studies have also been done where it has been used in diagnosing neonatal sepsis together with other tests. The patient’s serial quantitative CRP level, which should be taken 24 hours after the onset of symptoms and then at 12 to 24-hour intervals, is a sensitive and reliable marker in diagnosing sepsis. The estimation of CRP is useful in removing the perception of certain infant infections and potential antibiotic overuse by withdrawing antibiotics where necessary. Leukocyte Indices </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some of the components that are frequently employed in the assessment of neonatal sepsis are the leukocyte count together with the neutrophil count, as well as the I/T ratio. While these indices may offer great help for the assessment, their sensitivity and specificity may be different. The data have also indicated that the addition of leukocyte indices to other markers like CRP significantly improves diagnostic probabilities. </span></p> <h4><b>Procalcitonin (PCT) </b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another biomarker worthy of note is procalcitonin in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. It is synthesized under conditions of bacterial infection and has proven to have higher specificity in comparison with CRP. In bacterial sepsis, PCT is found to be elevated, which distinguishes bacterial infection from viral diseases and other inflammatory disorders. Thus, the inclusion of PCT measurements in the diagnostic algorithm can enhance sepsis recognition and the management of antibiotic treatment. </span></p> <h4><b>Advanced Serological Tests </b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Current advancements in serological testing have enhanced the chances of early detection of infections in pregnancy, such as the cytomegalovirus (CMV). Assays like IgG avidity, IgM immunoblotting, and immunologic neutralization assays can accurately establish the antenatal immune status of a woman and pinpoint those who are in their first trimester, hence at a higher risk of transmitting the infection to their offspring. These tests can be run early during pregnancy, enabling early management and thereby minimizing congenital infections. </span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/publication-trends/index/neonatal sepsis" target="_blank" title="neonatal sepsis - yearwise publication trends">neonatal sepsis</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; width: max-content; text-align: center; } @media only screen and (max-width: 993px) { .Adblock-main { width: 100% !important; margin:auto } } .Adblock-main { width: 100%; margin:auto; background-color:#fff; } .Adblock-head { background: #42c251; padding: 12px 10px; } .Adblock-head h1, .Adblock-head h2 { color: #fff; font-size: 20px; text-align: center; font-weight: 500; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 8px; } .Adblock-head h1 a{ color: #000; text-decoration: none; font-size:22px; padding:0px; } .Adblock-head h1 a:hover{ color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title{ margin-bottom: 1px; margin-top: 5px; text-align: center; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } .Ad-title a { color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title a:hover{ color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title1 { margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: center; font-size: 18px; color: #000; } .Ad-title1 a { color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-title1 a:hover{ color: #000; text-decoration: underline; } .Ad-subtitle { margin-bottom: 8px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: center; } .Ad-subtitle1 { margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; font-size: 16px; } .Ad-middle { border: solid 1px #ccc; padding-bottom: 20px; border-bottom: none; } .register-button { background-color: #283b39; color: #ffffff !important; padding: 10px 14px; border: none; border-radius: 5px; font-size: 14px; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; margin-top: 15px; } .register-button span { color:#6dfe7e; } .register-button:hover { background-color: #161515; color:#fff; } .tablediv { width:100%; border: solid 1px #ccc; background:#fff; margin-bottom: 0px !important; } .tablediv th,.tablediv td{ font-size:13px!important; } .keywordsdiv { font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; background: #f1f1f1; padding: 10px 15px; margin-top: 15px; border-radius: 5px; } .keywordsdiv a{ color: #276cb5; padding: 0; } .keywordsdiv a:hover{ color:#000; text-decoration:underline; } .pub-scroll{ max-height: 260px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } .chart-block { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; background:#fff; border:1px solid #ccc; } .chart-block .left, .chart-block .right { background-color: #fff; padding: 20px; box-sizing: border-box; } .chart-block .left { flex: 1 1 5%; /* Takes up 45% of the width, flexible */ padding-right:0px !important } .chart-block .right { flex: 1 1 45%; /* Takes up 45% of the width, flexible */ } /* Responsive adjustments */ @media (max-width: 768px) { .chart-block .left, .chart-block .right { flex: 1 1 100%; /* Stack vertically on smaller screens */ margin: 0 0 10px 0; padding-right:20px !important } .chart-block .right{ width:50% !important; border:solid 1px #ccc; } .pub-scroll{ max-height:100% !important; overflow-y: inherit; overflow-x: hidden; } } </style> <script src='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js'></script> <script> var chart = null; function displayResults(statistics) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results'); if (!statistics || Object.keys(statistics).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var tableHTML = `<div class='pub-scroll'> <table class='tablediv' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='0'> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Publication Count</th> </tr>`; Object.entries(statistics).sort(([yearA], [yearB]) => yearB - yearA).forEach(([year, count]) => { const displayCount = count === 0 ? 'NA' : count; tableHTML += ` <tr> <td>${year}</td> <td>${displayCount}</td> </tr> `; }); tableHTML += '</table></div>'; resultsContainer.innerHTML = tableHTML; } function displayLineChart(statistics) { var years = Object.keys(statistics); var counts = Object.values(statistics); var ctx = document.getElementById('publicationChart').getContext('2d'); // Destroy existing chart instance if it exists if (chart !== null) { chart.destroy(); } // Create a new chart instance chart = new Chart(ctx, { type: 'line', data: { labels: years, datasets: [{ label: 'Publication Counts', data: counts, fill: false, borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)', tension: 0.1 }] }, options: { scales: { y: { beginAtZero: true } }, plugins: { legend: { display: true, position: 'top' } } } }); } function displayKeywordStats(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-stats'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/publication-trends/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - yearwise publication trends">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var statistics = { "2014": 201, "2015": 192, "2016": 275, "2017": 345, "2018": 344, "2019": 557, "2020": 756, "2021": 900, "2022": 1035, "2023": 1613, "2024": 554 }; var keywordsArray = ["Neonatal sepsis","fungi Septicaemia","C-Reactive Protein","leukocyte","bacterial infection","inflammatory disorders","antibiotic treatment","Serological Tests","Novel Treatment","microvascular thrombosi"]; displayResults(statistics); displayLineChart(statistics); displayKeywordStats(keywordsArray); </script></p> <h3><b>Multidisciplinary Approaches</b></h3> <h4><b>Multidisciplinary Sepsis Protocols</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Thus, it has been evidenced that multidisciplinary sepsis protocols enhance the outcomes of neonates with sepsis. Such protocols include a symbiotic partnership with neonatologists, pediatricians, nurses, and other related staff. Multidisciplinary protocols contain specific diagnostic and therapeutic actions so that effective and correct interventions can be performed in due time. These protocols consist of sepsis identification at the initial stage, antibiotic administration, fluid balance, and the condition of the infant. </span></p> <h4><b>Early Goal-Directed Therapy (EGDT) </b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It is a well-evidenced therapy aimed at stabilizing the cardiovascular status of septic patients and involves prompt identification of sepsis-associated indicators. In neonatal sepsis, EGDT includes monitoring of vital signs, fluid bolus administration, and vasopressor administration for perfusion pressure. Researchers have shown that EGDT can be beneficial in decreasing the mortality rates in neonates with septic shock and enhancing their clinical status by avoiding the development of cardiovascular complications as well as organ failure. </span></p> <h4><b>Special care baby units (SCBUs) </b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The functions of NICUs in the management of neonatal sepsis cannot be overemphasized. NICUs have sophisticated monitoring and life support tools necessary for handling severe sepsis and septic shock. The qualified staff of healthcare attendants and the availability of specialized equipment in NICUs guarantee the neonates the best care. Thus, timely surveillance of the unstable condition of an infant and a swift reaction to alterations in her state are critical for raising rates of survival and diminishing adverse outcomes. </span></p> <h3><b>Novel Treatment Protocols</b></h3> <h4><b>Antimicrobial Therapy</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Appropriate initiation of antimicrobial therapy is the cornerstone of the management of neonatal sepsis. Selection and dosages of antibiotics differ according to the probable infected pathogens and their level of resistance. Empiric antibiotic therapy entails the use of both ampicillin and gentamicin to target a broad range of bacteria. However, the uncompromising resistance of common pathogens calls for continuous changes to the antibiotic guidelines according to the resistance profile in that region. </span></p> <h4><b>Activated Protein C (APC)</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Since then, other activated protein C (APC) has also been proposed as an adjunctive therapy in neonatal sepsis. Reviewing the literature on APC reveals that it possesses anti-inflammatory as well as anticoagulant effects that physiologically alter the host response to bacterial infection. Clinical studies have shown that APC can decrease mortality in septic patients by lessening the severity of inflammation and microvascular thrombosis. Even though the role of APC in neonates has not yet been thoroughly researched, it can be considered an effective treatment for neonatal sepsis. </span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/recent-publications/index/neonatal sepsis" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="neonatal sepsis - yearwise publication list">neonatal sepsis</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .author-main { border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .publication-block { padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: left; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .publication-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #000!important; } .publication-block a { font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 1em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; color: #000; padding: 0px; } .publication-block a:hover{ color: #227cdc; text-decoration:underline; } .article-scroll { max-height: 445px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background-color: #ababab; border-radius:30px; } .publication-block p { margin-bottom: .5em; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } h3 { font-size: 18px !important; margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; } a { padding: 5px; color: #a71c49; } #keyword-papers{ margin-top: 20px; text-align: center; } </style> <script> function decodeString(str) { str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); return str; } function displayResults_recent(papers) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_recent'); if (!papers || papers.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No recent publications found.</p>'; return; } papers.forEach(paper => { var publicationBlock = document.createElement('div'); publicationBlock.className = 'publication-block'; var title_de = decodeString(paper.title); var publicationHTML = ` <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;"><a href="${paper.url}" target="_blank" title="${title_de}">${title_de}</a></div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> ${paper.publishedDate}</p> `; publicationBlock.innerHTML = publicationHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(publicationBlock); }); } function displayKeywordPapers(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "Prospective antimicrobial stewardship interventions by multidisciplinary teams to reduce neonatal antibiotic use in South Africa: the Neonatal Antimicrobial Stewardship (NeoAMS) study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945432", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Quality improvement initiative \\\\\\'S-A-F-H\\\\\\' to reduce healthcare-associated neonatal sepsis in a tertiary neonatal care unit.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38886106", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Machine Learning: A Potential Therapeutic Tool to Facilitate Neonatal Therapeutic Decision Making.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38880837", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Trends in C-Reactive Protein Use in Early-Onset Sepsis Evaluations and Associated Antibiotic Use.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38901777", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Sepsis caused by Phytobacter diazotrophicus complicated with galactosemia type 1 in China: a case report.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38898413", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Compliance with antibiotic therapy guidelines in french paediatric intensive care units: a multicentre observational study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38867164", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Possible adverse events of imidazole antifungal drugs during treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis: analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38914572", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Exploring factors influencing delayed first antibiotic treatment for suspected early-onset sepsis in preterm newborns: a study before quality improvement initiative.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38918783", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Diagnostic significance of complete blood cell count and hemogram-derived markers for neonatal sepsis at Southwest Public Hospitals, Ethiopia.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947992", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Analysis of Differences in Neonatal Sepsis Caused by Streptococcus Agalactiae and Escherichia Coli.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38965964", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Early Antibiotic Exposure and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Preterm Infants at Low Risk of Early-Onset Sepsis.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38935376", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Rare case of early neonatal sepsis caused by successfully treated with voriconazole.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39108978", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates: A Meta-Analysis.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38872621", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Assessment of Neonatal Mortality and Associated Hospital-Related Factors in Healthcare Facilities Within Sunyani and Sunyani West Municipal Assemblies in Bono Region, Ghana.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38873401", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Late-Onset Sepsis among Extremely Preterm Infants of 24-28 Weeks Gestation: An International Comparison in 10 High-Income Countries.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38889700", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Epidemiology and Outcomes of Neonatal Sepsis: Experience from a Tertiary Australian NICU.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38889701", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A Retrospective Study Evaluating Neonatal Vancomycin Loading Doses to Achieve a Therapeutic Target.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38858809", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Is the sFlt-1\/PlGF ratio efficient in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes in small-for-gestational-age newborns? A prospective observational multicenter cohort study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38915764", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Outcome of prelabor rupture of membranes before or at the limit of viability: systematic review and meta-analysis.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38648897", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Gender and sex hormone effects on neonatal innate immune function.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38839425", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Neonatal sepsis","fungi Septicaemia","C-Reactive Protein","leukocyte","bacterial infection","inflammatory disorders","antibiotic treatment","Serological Tests","Novel Treatment","microvascular thrombosi"]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <h3><b>Immunomodulatory Therapies</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Current knowledge in immunology has enabled researchers to draw up immunomodulatory procedures for the treatment of sepsis. These therapies seek to regulate the inflammation resulting from infection while at the same time boosting the immune system to fight infection. Some examples of anti-inflammatory treatment are cytokine inhibitors, interleukin 6 (IL-6) blockers, stimulators of immunity, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). There are still open trials that are conducting explorations concerning its safety and efficacy in treating sepsis in nursery infants. </span></p> <h3><b>Supportive Care</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Thus, there is no doubt that supportive care continues to be an essential intervention in neonatal sepsis. These cover issues to do with oxygenation, ventilation, and fluid management. Pruning, mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can help maintain respiratory status in severe cases. The same can be said for perfect patient care, where such aspects as nutrition, temperature, and glycemic control, to name a few, are critical to achieving the best results. </span></p> <h3><b>Future Directions</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Thus, the further effective diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis will rely on innovative technologies and personalized medicine strategies. In the near future, omics technology like genomics and proteomics is likely to help in the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Implementation of new technologies in diagnostics includes polymerase chain reaction diagnostics, next-generation diagnostics, and other rapid diagnostics of pathogens. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Additionally, the implementation of the generalized concept of organization and integration of personalized medicine, which considers the genetic and immunological characteristics of each neonate, will enable the use of treatment interventions that yield the best results. Precision medicine solutions, together with AI and machine learning approaches, will improve sepsis risk forecasting and the subsequent management of the situation. </span></p> <h3><b>Conclusion </b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">There are improved approaches to the identification and management of this condition, making the outcomes of affected neonates improvable. Novel biomarkers like CRP, leukocyte indices, and PCT aid in sepsis diagnosis with the help of superior serological tests. The mechanisms of multimodal management employing the strategies of interdisciplinary cooperation in designing additional treatment paradigms and applying antimicrobial therapy, activated protein C, and immunomodulatory therapy provide additional horizons for enhancing neonatal sepsis care. As the research proceeds further, synthesized strategies based on individualized medication and the latest technologies will improve the basic treatment facilities for neonates with sepsis and, thus, restrict the morbidity and mortality rates of infected neonates.</span></p> <p></p> <h3><b>References</b></h3> <ol> <li>Lazzarotto, T., Guerra, B., Gabrielli, L., Lanari, M. and Landini, M.P., 2011. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X14612064">Update on the prevention, diagnosis and management of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy.</a> <i>Clinical Microbiology and Infection</i>, <i>17</i>(9), pp.1285-1293.</li> <li>Stoll, B.J., Hansen, N.I., Bell, E.F., Shankaran, S., Laptook, A.R., Walsh, M.C., Hale, E.C., Newman, N.S., Schibler, K., Carlo, W.A. and Kennedy, K.A., 2010. <a href="https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/126/3/443/66128/Neonatal-Outcomes-of-Extremely-Preterm-Infants">Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network.</a> <i>Pediatrics</i>, <i>126</i>(3), pp.443-456.</li> <li>Picard, K.M., O’Donoghue, S.C., Young-Kershaw, D.A. and Russell, K.J., 2006. <a href="https://aacnjournals.org/ccnonline/article-abstract/26/3/43/975">Development and implementation of a multidisciplinary sepsis protocol.</a> <i>Critical Care Nurse</i>, <i>26</i>(3), pp.43-54.</li> <li>Carvalho, P.R. and Trotta, E.D.A., 2003. <a href="https://www.scielo.br/j/jped/a/MbdH53YTdSvqj3p53bNBggp/?lang=en">Advances in sepsis diagnosis and treatment.</a> <i>Jornal de Pediatria</i>, <i>79</i>, pp.S195-S204.</li> <li>Hengst, J.M., 2003. <a href="https://journals.lww.com/advancesinneonatalcare/abstract/2003/02000/The_Role_of_C_Reactive_Protein_in_the_Evaluation.3.aspx">The role of C-reactive protein in the evaluation and management of infants with suspected sepsis.</a> <i>Advances in neonatal care</i>, <i>3</i>(1), pp.3-13.</li> <li>Bochud, P.Y. and Calandra, T., 2003. <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/326/7383/262.full">Pathogenesis of sepsis: new concepts and implications for future treatment.</a> <i>Bmj</i>, <i>326</i>(7383), pp.262-266.</li> <li>Hotchkiss, R.S. and Karl, I.E., 2003. <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmra021333">The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis.</a> <i>New England journal of medicine</i>, <i>348</i>(2), pp.138-150.</li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">neonatal sepsis</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .author-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #227cdc; } .author-block p { margin: 5px 0; } .author-b { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom:10px; } .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 30%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; background: #dcdcdc; padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 10px; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 100%; margin: 10px 0; } } </style> <script> function displayResults_author(authors) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_author'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!authors || Object.keys(authors).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No authors found.</p>'; return; } Object.values(authors).slice(0, 10).forEach(author => { if (author.affiliation.length > 400) { return; } var authorBlock = document.createElement('div'); authorBlock.className = 'author-block'; var author_name=author.name; let key_replace = author_name.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); var authorHTML = ` <h3><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/author/index/${key_replace}\/${author.aid}" target="_blank" title="${author.name}">${author.name}</a></h3> <div class="author-b"> <div class="ainfo"><strong>H-Index:</strong> ${author.hindex}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Publication Count:</strong> ${author.paper_count}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Citation Count:</strong> ${author.citation_count}</div> </div> <p><strong>Affiliation:</strong> ${author.affiliation}</p> `; authorBlock.innerHTML = authorHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(authorBlock); }); } function displayKeywordAuthors(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-authors'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach(key => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/expert-search/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key}">${key}</a>`; }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var authors_data = { "J-GmK4wBWBy50K-rMyoT": { "aid": "J-GmK4wBWBy50K-rMyoT", "name": "K. Reinhart", "citation_count": 58177, "hindex": 101, "paper_count": 594, "affiliation": "Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Stra\u00dfe 2, D-10178 Berlin, Germany; Jena University Hospital, Carl-Zeiss-Stra\u00dfe 12, D-07743 Jena, Germany. ", "email": "Konrad.Reinhart@charite.de", "slug_tail": "k-reinhart" }, "Iy_bKowBWBy50K-rmlVB": { "aid": "Iy_bKowBWBy50K-rmlVB", "name": "M. Otto", "citation_count": 33708, "hindex": 97, "paper_count": 300, "affiliation": "Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. ", "email": "motto@niaid.nih.gov", "slug_tail": "m-otto" }, "-jDbKowBWBy50K-rwE6V": { "aid": "-jDbKowBWBy50K-rwE6V", "name": "T. Walsh", "citation_count": 39201, "hindex": 86, "paper_count": 400, "affiliation": "School of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. ", "email": "walshtr@cardiff.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "t-walsh" }, "Y4LpKowBWBy50K-recKH": { "aid": "Y4LpKowBWBy50K-recKH", "name": "S. Edkins", "citation_count": 51838, "hindex": 82, "paper_count": 156, "affiliation": "", "email": "s.s.sahota@soton.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "s-edkins" }, "NyzaKowBWBy50K-r7sz5": { "aid": "NyzaKowBWBy50K-r7sz5", "name": "A. Ayala", "citation_count": 19673, "hindex": 80, "paper_count": 449, "affiliation": "Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Aldrich 227, Rhode Island Hospital\/ the Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. ", "email": "aayala@lifespan.org", "slug_tail": "a-ayala" }, "TXCFK4wBWBy50K-rlm9a": { "aid": "TXCFK4wBWBy50K-rlm9a", "name": "Y. Kanai", "citation_count": 16102, "hindex": 74, "paper_count": 368, "affiliation": "Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. ", "email": "ykanai@keio.jp", "slug_tail": "y-kanai" }, "00xBK4wBWBy50K-ryJHK": { "aid": "00xBK4wBWBy50K-ryJHK", "name": "J. Broach", "citation_count": 21053, "hindex": 69, "paper_count": 251, "affiliation": "Penn State Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA ", "email": "jbroach@pennstatehealth.psu.edu", "slug_tail": "j-broach" }, "rFvjKowBWBy50K-rPqM9": { "aid": "rFvjKowBWBy50K-rPqM9", "name": "E. Houpt", "citation_count": 15809, "hindex": 66, "paper_count": 300, "affiliation": "Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America. ", "email": "erh6k@virginia.edu", "slug_tail": "e-houpt" }, "g1QQK4wBWBy50K-roLVF": { "aid": "g1QQK4wBWBy50K-roLVF", "name": "F. Pallard\u00f3", "citation_count": 15513, "hindex": 64, "paper_count": 259, "affiliation": "Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. University of Valencia- INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain; Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain. ", "email": "federico.v.pallardo@uv.es", "slug_tail": "f-pallardo" }, "Z-LiK4wBWBy50K-rNFJu": { "aid": "Z-LiK4wBWBy50K-rNFJu", "name": "A. Egberts", "citation_count": 13064, "hindex": 64, "paper_count": 287, "affiliation": "Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands. ", "email": "a.c.g.egberts@uu.nl", "slug_tail": "a-egberts" }, "5go2K4wBWBy50K-rlAbV": { "aid": "5go2K4wBWBy50K-rlAbV", "name": "M. Sharland", "citation_count": 19770, "hindex": 62, "paper_count": 681, "affiliation": "Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK. ", "email": "msharland@sgul.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "m-sharland" }, "Wz4_K4wBWBy50K-rdhfH": { "aid": "Wz4_K4wBWBy50K-rdhfH", "name": "A. Kulkarni", "citation_count": 12393, "hindex": 61, "paper_count": 324, "affiliation": "The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. ", "email": "Abhaya.kulkarni@sickkids.ca", "slug_tail": "a-kulkarni" }, "FQ43K4wBWBy50K-rNxVH": { "aid": "FQ43K4wBWBy50K-rNxVH", "name": "W. Hope", "citation_count": 15134, "hindex": 60, "paper_count": 260, "affiliation": "Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK ", "email": "william.hope@liverpool.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "w-hope" }, "nb6bK4wBWBy50K-rFXyI": { "aid": "nb6bK4wBWBy50K-rFXyI", "name": "G. Molema", "citation_count": 12602, "hindex": 59, "paper_count": 341, "affiliation": "Dept. Pathology and Medical Biology, Medical Biology section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. ", "email": "g.molema@umcg.nl", "slug_tail": "g-molema" }, "_U0PK4wBWBy50K-rB2-w": { "aid": "_U0PK4wBWBy50K-rB2-w", "name": "K. Hood", "citation_count": 12248, "hindex": 59, "paper_count": 442, "affiliation": "Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK. ", "email": "HoodK1@cardiff.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "k-hood" }, "ZREEK4wBWBy50K-rgaxM": { "aid": "ZREEK4wBWBy50K-rgaxM", "name": "J. Berkley", "citation_count": 16294, "hindex": 58, "paper_count": 340, "affiliation": "KEMRI\/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Clinical Research, CGMRC, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. ", "email": "jberkley@kemri-wellcome.org", "slug_tail": "j-berkley" }, "Y-jjK4wBWBy50K-rLbMu": { "aid": "Y-jjK4wBWBy50K-rLbMu", "name": "E. Roilides", "citation_count": 12132, "hindex": 56, "paper_count": 208, "affiliation": "Infectious Diseases Unit and Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Hippokration Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. ", "email": "roilides@med.auth.gr", "slug_tail": "e-roilides" }, "MnvoKowBWBy50K-rS_JM": { "aid": "MnvoKowBWBy50K-rS_JM", "name": "P. Supply", "citation_count": 13324, "hindex": 56, "paper_count": 166, "affiliation": "Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France. ", "email": "philip.supply@ibl.cnrs.fr", "slug_tail": "p-supply" }, "0HvoKowBWBy50K-rNobQ": { "aid": "0HvoKowBWBy50K-rNobQ", "name": "H. Ushijima", "citation_count": 12728, "hindex": 56, "paper_count": 567, "affiliation": "Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ", "email": "ushijima-hiroshi@jcom.home.ne.jp", "slug_tail": "h-ushijima" }, "QDrdKowBWBy50K-rTXAZ": { "aid": "QDrdKowBWBy50K-rTXAZ", "name": "M. Vento", "citation_count": 13994, "hindex": 56, "paper_count": 440, "affiliation": "Division of Neonatology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain. ", "email": "maximo.vento@uv.es", "slug_tail": "m-vento" }, "IbKXK4wBWBy50K-rbP-H": { "aid": "IbKXK4wBWBy50K-rbP-H", "name": "B. Basnyat", "citation_count": 13285, "hindex": 55, "paper_count": 401, "affiliation": "Oxford University Clinical Research Unit-Nepal, Patan Academy of Health Science, Kathmandu, PO Box 3596, Nepal. ", "email": "buddha.basnyat@ndm.ox.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "b-basnyat" }, "txYFK4wBWBy50K-rJQd0": { "aid": "txYFK4wBWBy50K-rJQd0", "name": "R. Chandra", "citation_count": 10010, "hindex": 54, "paper_count": 403, "affiliation": "Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India ", "email": "rameshchandragroup@gmail.com", "slug_tail": "r-chandra" }, "bwBqK4wBWBy50K-rt_fG": { "aid": "bwBqK4wBWBy50K-rt_fG", "name": "J. Lindsay", "citation_count": 10008, "hindex": 53, "paper_count": 153, "affiliation": "Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom. ", "email": "jlindsay@sgul.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "j-lindsay" }, "1GzlKowBWBy50K-rwIqu": { "aid": "1GzlKowBWBy50K-rwIqu", "name": "H. Sommerfelt", "citation_count": 12885, "hindex": 53, "paper_count": 187, "affiliation": "Centre for Intervention Science in Maternal and Child Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway; Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. ", "email": "halvor.sommerfelt@uib.no", "slug_tail": "h-sommerfelt" }, "XumoK4wBWBy50K-r7nIA": { "aid": "XumoK4wBWBy50K-r7nIA", "name": "L. Piddock", "citation_count": 10245, "hindex": 52, "paper_count": 202, "affiliation": "Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK. ", "email": "l.j.v.piddock@bham.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "l-piddock" }, "__jQKowBWBy50K-rJTj_": { "aid": "__jQKowBWBy50K-rJTj_", "name": "Ashok Kumar", "citation_count": 9373, "hindex": 51, "paper_count": 312, "affiliation": "School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, ", "email": "kasokbt@rediffmail.com", "slug_tail": "ashok-kumar" }, "-1NDK4wBWBy50K-rc9zp": { "aid": "-1NDK4wBWBy50K-rc9zp", "name": "U. Sack", "citation_count": 8368, "hindex": 51, "paper_count": 303, "affiliation": "Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. ", "email": "ulrich.sack@medizin.uni-leipzig.de", "slug_tail": "u-sack" }, "5T34K4wBWBy50K-rEKyY": { "aid": "5T34K4wBWBy50K-rEKyY", "name": "E. Castagnola", "citation_count": 14095, "hindex": 50, "paper_count": 417, "affiliation": "IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Children's Hospital, Genova, Italy. ", "email": "eliocastagnola@gaslini.org", "slug_tail": "e-castagnola" }, "Pk7gKowBWBy50K-r7cY5": { "aid": "Pk7gKowBWBy50K-r7cY5", "name": "A. Doctor", "citation_count": 8545, "hindex": 48, "paper_count": 200, "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF III, 8th Floor, 670 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21204, USA. ", "email": "adoctor@som.umaryland.edu", "slug_tail": "a-doctor" }, "CanwKowBWBy50K-r3Zdv": { "aid": "CanwKowBWBy50K-r3Zdv", "name": "S. Sazawal", "citation_count": 11372, "hindex": 47, "paper_count": 173, "affiliation": "Center for Public Health Kinetics, Global Division, 214 A, LGL Vinoba Puri, Lajpat Nagar II, New Delhi, India. ", "email": "ssazawal@jhu.edu", "slug_tail": "s-sazawal" }, "9ix1K4wBWBy50K-rHdUU": { "aid": "9ix1K4wBWBy50K-rHdUU", "name": "J. Kaewkungwal", "citation_count": 12976, "hindex": 47, "paper_count": 259, "affiliation": "Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. ", "email": "jaranitk@biophics.org", "slug_tail": "j-kaewkungwal" }, "U1oRK4wBWBy50K-rjnnH": { "aid": "U1oRK4wBWBy50K-rjnnH", "name": "J. N. van den Anker", "citation_count": 8741, "hindex": 46, "paper_count": 381, "affiliation": "Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC\/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. ", "email": "jvandena@childrensnational.org", "slug_tail": "j-n-van-den-anker" }, "AV7EK4wBWBy50K-rXVy5": { "aid": "AV7EK4wBWBy50K-rXVy5", "name": "G. Kenet", "citation_count": 9071, "hindex": 46, "paper_count": 365, "affiliation": "National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. ", "email": "gili.kenet@sheba.health.gov.il", "slug_tail": "g-kenet" }, "x8GbK4wBWBy50K-rz9rH": { "aid": "x8GbK4wBWBy50K-rz9rH", "name": "G. Sirugo", "citation_count": 16269, "hindex": 45, "paper_count": 144, "affiliation": "Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ", "email": "Giorgio.Sirugo@pennmedicine.upenn.edu", "slug_tail": "g-sirugo" }, "ZsX2KowBWBy50K-rOx-o": { "aid": "ZsX2KowBWBy50K-rOx-o", "name": "F. Shann", "citation_count": 8929, "hindex": 44, "paper_count": 261, "affiliation": "Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. ", "email": "fshann@unimelb.edu.au", "slug_tail": "f-shann" }, "EWdIK4wBWBy50K-rqWPE": { "aid": "EWdIK4wBWBy50K-rqWPE", "name": "A. Whitelaw", "citation_count": 6364, "hindex": 44, "paper_count": 188, "affiliation": "Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. ", "email": "awhitelaw@sun.ac.za", "slug_tail": "a-whitelaw" }, "-UVAK4wBWBy50K-rkL8K": { "aid": "-UVAK4wBWBy50K-rkL8K", "name": "S. Kotecha", "citation_count": 6640, "hindex": 43, "paper_count": 225, "affiliation": "Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom ", "email": "KotechaS@cardiff.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "s-kotecha" }, "0C4JK4wBWBy50K-rd2er": { "aid": "0C4JK4wBWBy50K-rd2er", "name": "V. Mai", "citation_count": 6677, "hindex": 42, "paper_count": 131, "affiliation": "Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. ", "email": "vmai@ufl.edu", "slug_tail": "v-mai" }, "15tUK4wBWBy50K-rp_pp": { "aid": "15tUK4wBWBy50K-rp_pp", "name": "P. Ferrieri", "citation_count": 5882, "hindex": 42, "paper_count": 199, "affiliation": "Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Mayo Mail Code 134, 420 Delaware St. S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. ", "email": "ferri002@umn.edu", "slug_tail": "p-ferrieri" }, "mp0hK4wBWBy50K-rjvNO": { "aid": "mp0hK4wBWBy50K-rjvNO", "name": "J. Gerber", "citation_count": 8155, "hindex": 41, "paper_count": 335, "affiliation": "Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; ", "email": "GERBERJ@email.chop.edu", "slug_tail": "j-gerber" }, "z99jK4wBWBy50K-rqY8d": { "aid": "z99jK4wBWBy50K-rqY8d", "name": "K. Morales", "citation_count": 6602, "hindex": 41, "paper_count": 170, "affiliation": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. ", "email": "knashawn@pennmedicine.upenn.edu", "slug_tail": "k-morales" }, "_GRIK4wBWBy50K-rF5iu": { "aid": "_GRIK4wBWBy50K-rF5iu", "name": "B. Warf", "citation_count": 5147, "hindex": 41, "paper_count": 147, "affiliation": "Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. ", "email": "benjamin.warf@childrens.harvard.edu", "slug_tail": "b-warf" }, "i4PLK4wBWBy50K-rwS4t": { "aid": "i4PLK4wBWBy50K-rwS4t", "name": "C. Logue", "citation_count": 4903, "hindex": 41, "paper_count": 164, "affiliation": "Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. ", "email": "Catherine.Logue@uga.edu", "slug_tail": "c-logue" }, "lYIbK4wBWBy50K-rU4B5": { "aid": "lYIbK4wBWBy50K-rU4B5", "name": "C. Bottomley", "citation_count": 6634, "hindex": 40, "paper_count": 181, "affiliation": "International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. ", "email": "christian.bottomley@lshtm.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "c-bottomley" }, "pvUyK4wBWBy50K-rQmU1": { "aid": "pvUyK4wBWBy50K-rQmU1", "name": "K. Puopolo", "citation_count": 6176, "hindex": 40, "paper_count": 151, "affiliation": "Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA ", "email": "puopolok@email.chop.edu", "slug_tail": "k-puopolo" }, "lQ_sK4wBWBy50K-rqzjK": { "aid": "lQ_sK4wBWBy50K-rqzjK", "name": "S. Niermeyer", "citation_count": 6251, "hindex": 39, "paper_count": 131, "affiliation": "Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado and Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; ", "email": "susan.niermeyer@cuanschutz.edu", "slug_tail": "s-niermeyer" }, "uPCqK4wBWBy50K-rPy2V": { "aid": "uPCqK4wBWBy50K-rPy2V", "name": "H. Spaink", "citation_count": 4197, "hindex": 39, "paper_count": 113, "affiliation": "Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands. ", "email": "H.P.Spaink@biology.leidenuniv.nl", "slug_tail": "h-spaink" }, "8szbK4wBWBy50K-r8UlI": { "aid": "8szbK4wBWBy50K-r8UlI", "name": "L. Schlapbach", "citation_count": 6751, "hindex": 39, "paper_count": 292, "affiliation": "Paediatric Critical Care Research Group, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. ", "email": "l.schlapbach@uq.edu.au", "slug_tail": "l-schlapbach" }, "poCJK4wBWBy50K-r9icv": { "aid": "poCJK4wBWBy50K-r9icv", "name": "T. Wirth", "citation_count": 8919, "hindex": 38, "paper_count": 86, "affiliation": "Institut Syst\u00e9matique Evolution Biodiversit\u00e9 (ISYEB), Mus\u00e9um national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 des Antilles, EPHE, Paris, France. ", "email": "wirth@mnhn.fr", "slug_tail": "t-wirth" }, "2WcUK4wBWBy50K-rYWFf": { "aid": "2WcUK4wBWBy50K-rYWFf", "name": "M. Turner", "citation_count": 4845, "hindex": 38, "paper_count": 239, "affiliation": "Institute if Life Course and Medical Sciences, Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ", "email": "mark.turner@liverpool.ac.uk", "slug_tail": "m-turner" } }; //console.log(authors_data); displayResults_author(authors_data); var keywordsArray = ["Neonatal sepsis","fungi Septicaemia","C-Reactive Protein","leukocyte","bacterial infection","inflammatory disorders","antibiotic treatment","Serological Tests","Novel Treatment","microvascular thrombosi"]; displayKeywordAuthors(keywordsArray); </script></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="gp-icon icon-categories"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M0 112c0-26.51 21.49-48 48-48h110.014a48 48 0 0143.592 27.907l12.349 26.791A16 16 0 00228.486 128H464c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48v224c0 26.51-21.49 48-48 48H48c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48V112z" /></svg></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/category/neonatal-sepsis/" rel="category tag">Neonatal sepsis</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"/><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z" /></svg></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/antibiotic-treatment/" rel="tag">antibiotic treatment</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/bacterial-infection/" rel="tag">Bacterial Infection</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/c-reactive-protein/" rel="tag">C-Reactive Protein</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/fungi-septicaemia/" rel="tag">Fungi Septicaemia</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/icrovascular-thrombosis/" rel="tag">icrovascular thrombosis</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/inflammatory-disorders/" rel="tag">Inflammatory Disorders</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/leukocyte/" rel="tag">leukocyte</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/neonatal-sepsis/" rel="tag">Neonatal sepsis</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/novel-treatment/" rel="tag">Novel Treatment</a>, <a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/tag/serological-tests/" rel="tag">Serological Tests</a></span> <nav id="nav-below" class="post-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> <div class="nav-previous"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow-left"><svg viewBox="0 0 192 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="1.414"><path d="M178.425 138.212c0 2.265-1.133 4.813-2.832 6.512L64.276 256.001l111.317 111.277c1.7 1.7 2.832 4.247 2.832 6.513 0 2.265-1.133 4.813-2.832 6.512L161.43 394.46c-1.7 1.7-4.249 2.832-6.514 2.832-2.266 0-4.816-1.133-6.515-2.832L16.407 262.514c-1.699-1.7-2.832-4.248-2.832-6.513 0-2.265 1.133-4.813 2.832-6.512l131.994-131.947c1.7-1.699 4.249-2.831 6.515-2.831 2.265 0 4.815 1.132 6.514 2.831l14.163 14.157c1.7 1.7 2.832 3.965 2.832 6.513z" fill-rule="nonzero" /></svg></span><span class="prev"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/pediatric-anemia/diagnostic-challenges-and-approaches-in-pediatric-anemia/" rel="prev">Diagnostic Challenges and Approaches in Pediatric Anemia</a></span></div><div class="nav-next"><span class="gp-icon icon-arrow-right"><svg viewBox="0 0 192 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="1.414"><path d="M178.425 256.001c0 2.266-1.133 4.815-2.832 6.515L43.599 394.509c-1.7 1.7-4.248 2.833-6.514 2.833s-4.816-1.133-6.515-2.833l-14.163-14.162c-1.699-1.7-2.832-3.966-2.832-6.515 0-2.266 1.133-4.815 2.832-6.515l111.317-111.316L16.407 144.685c-1.699-1.7-2.832-4.249-2.832-6.515s1.133-4.815 2.832-6.515l14.163-14.162c1.7-1.7 4.249-2.833 6.515-2.833s4.815 1.133 6.514 2.833l131.994 131.993c1.7 1.7 2.832 4.249 2.832 6.515z" fill-rule="nonzero" /></svg></span><span class="next"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/pediatric-cardiovascular-diseases/preventative-strategies-against-pediatric-cardiovascular-diseases/" rel="next">Preventative Strategies Against Pediatric Cardiovascular Diseases</a></span></div> </nav> </footer> </div> </article> </main> </div> <div class="widget-area sidebar is-right-sidebar" id="right-sidebar"> <div class="inside-right-sidebar"> <aside id="block-2" class="widget inner-padding widget_block widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" action="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/" class="wp-block-search__button-outside wp-block-search__text-button wp-block-search" ><label class="wp-block-search__label" for="wp-block-search__input-1" >Search</label><div class="wp-block-search__inside-wrapper " ><input class="wp-block-search__input" id="wp-block-search__input-1" placeholder="" value="" type="search" name="s" required /><button aria-label="Search" class="wp-block-search__button wp-element-button" type="submit" >Search</button></div></form></aside><aside id="block-3" class="widget inner-padding widget_block"><div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Recent Posts</h2><ul class="wp-block-latest-posts__list wp-block-latest-posts"><li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/nasal-obstruction/understanding-nasal-obstruction-in-neonates-rare-cases-and-complex-diagnoses/">Understanding Nasal Obstruction in Neonates: Rare Cases and Complex Diagnoses</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/pediatric-epilepsy/technological-innovations-in-pediatric-epilepsy-diagnosis/">Technological Innovations in Pediatric Epilepsy Diagnosis</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/pediatric-cardiovascular-diseases/preventative-strategies-against-pediatric-cardiovascular-diseases/">Preventative Strategies Against Pediatric Cardiovascular Diseases</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/neonatal-sepsis/advancements-in-neonatal-sepsis-diagnosis-and-treatment/">Advancements in Neonatal Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment</a></li> <li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/pediatric-anemia/diagnostic-challenges-and-approaches-in-pediatric-anemia/">Diagnostic Challenges and Approaches in Pediatric Anemia</a></li> </ul></div></div></aside><aside id="block-4" class="widget inner-padding widget_block"><div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Recent Comments</h2><div class="no-comments wp-block-latest-comments">No comments to show.</div></div></div></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer footer-bar-active footer-bar-align-right"> <footer class="site-info" aria-label="Site" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter" itemscope> <div class="inside-site-info grid-container"> <div class="footer-bar"> <aside id="nav_menu-2" class="widget inner-padding widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-footer-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-34" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-34"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-33"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-32" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/terms-and-conditions/">Terms and Conditions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-31" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-30" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30"><a href="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/about-us/">About us</a></li> </ul></div></aside> </div> <div class="copyright-bar"> © 2024 Neonatal Disorders </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script id="generate-a11y">!function(){"use strict";if("querySelector"in document&&"addEventListener"in window){var e=document.body;e.addEventListener("mousedown",function(){e.classList.add("using-mouse")}),e.addEventListener("keydown",function(){e.classList.remove("using-mouse")})}}();</script> <div class="gp-modal gp-search-modal" id="gp-search"> <div class="gp-modal__overlay" tabindex="-1" data-gpmodal-close> <div class="gp-modal__container"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-modal-form" action="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/"> <label for="search-modal-input" class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</label> <div class="search-modal-fields"> <input id="search-modal-input" type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button aria-label="Search"><span class="gp-icon icon-search"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M208 48c-88.366 0-160 71.634-160 160s71.634 160 160 160 160-71.634 160-160S296.366 48 208 48zM0 208C0 93.125 93.125 0 208 0s208 93.125 208 208c0 48.741-16.765 93.566-44.843 129.024l133.826 134.018c9.366 9.379 9.355 24.575-.025 33.941-9.379 9.366-24.575 9.355-33.941-.025L337.238 370.987C301.747 399.167 256.839 416 208 416 93.125 416 0 322.875 0 208z" /></svg></span></button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/menu-plus/functions/js/sticky.min.js?ver=2.4.1" id="generate-sticky-js"></script> <!--[if lte IE 11]> <script src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/classList.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-classlist-js"></script> <![endif]--> <script id="generate-menu-js-extra"> var generatepressMenu = {"toggleOpenedSubMenus":"1","openSubMenuLabel":"Open Sub-Menu","closeSubMenuLabel":"Close Sub-Menu"}; </script> <script src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/menu.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-menu-js"></script> <script src="https://neonataldisorders.com/archive/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/dist/modal.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-modal-js"></script> </body> </html>