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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>State politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Senate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Senate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>U.S. Senate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._Senate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_to_France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_to_France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Minister to France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_to_France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cabinet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1824_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1824_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>1824 election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1824_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Later life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Societies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Societies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Societies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Societies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cities_and_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities_and_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Cities and towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities_and_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Counties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Counties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Counties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Counties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Squares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Squares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Squares</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Squares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">William H. Crawford</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%87_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ويليام ه كراوفورد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويليام ه كراوفورد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%DA%86._%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ویلیام اچ. کرافورد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویلیام اچ. کرافورد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Уільям Харыс Кроўфард – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уільям Харыс Кроўфард" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%DA%86._%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ویلیام اچ. کرافورد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلیام اچ. کرافورد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_H._%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="윌리엄 H. 크로퍼드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윌리엄 H. 크로퍼드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93" title="ויליאם קרופורד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויליאם קרופורד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%87_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ويليام ه كراوفورد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويليام ه كراوفورد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A6%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89_(%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="ウィリアム・クロウフォード (政治家) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィリアム・クロウフォード (政治家)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Кроуфорд, Уильям Харрис – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кроуфорд, Уильям Харрис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="William H. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Вільям Гарріс Кроуфорд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вільям Гарріс Кроуфорд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_Crawford" title="William Harris Crawford – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="William Harris Crawford" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7H%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7" title="威廉·H·克劳福德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威廉·H·克劳福德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q175877#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 19th century Georgia politician. For the 18th century U.S. military officer, see <a href="/wiki/William_Crawford_(soldier)" title="William Crawford (soldier)">William Crawford (soldier)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">William Crawford</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamHCrawford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/WilliamHCrawford.jpg/220px-WilliamHCrawford.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/WilliamHCrawford.jpg/330px-WilliamHCrawford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/WilliamHCrawford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="481" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">7th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />October 22, 1816 – March 6, 1825</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a><br /><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Alexander Dallas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />August 1, 1815 – October 22, 1816</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">James Madison</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">James Monroe</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_France" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to France">United States Minister to France</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 23, 1813 – August 1, 1815</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">James Madison</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barlow" title="Joel Barlow">Joel Barlow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Albert Gallatin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore of the United States Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 24, 1812 – March 23, 1813</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Pope_(Kentucky)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Pope (Kentucky)">John Pope</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradley_Varnum" title="Joseph Bradley Varnum">Joseph Varnum</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 7, 1807 – March 23, 1813</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Jones_(U.S._Senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jones (U.S. Senator)">George Jones</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Bellinger_Bulloch" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bellinger Bulloch">William Bulloch</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">William Harris Crawford</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1772-02-24</span>)</span>February 24, 1772<br /><a href="/wiki/Amherst_County,_Virginia" title="Amherst County, Virginia">Amherst County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_America" title="British America">British America</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 15, 1834<span style="display:none">(1834-09-15)</span> (aged 62)<br /><a href="/wiki/Crawford,_Georgia" title="Crawford, Georgia">Lexington Depot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican</a> (1803–1828)<br /><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> (1828–1834)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Susanna Gerardine</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">7</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CRAWFORD,_William_H-Treasury_(BEP_engraved_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/CRAWFORD%2C_William_H-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/220px-CRAWFORD%2C_William_H-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/CRAWFORD%2C_William_H-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/330px-CRAWFORD%2C_William_H-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/CRAWFORD%2C_William_H-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg/440px-CRAWFORD%2C_William_H-Treasury_%28BEP_engraved_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="9600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a> portrait of Crawford as Secretary of the Treasury</figcaption></figure> <p><b>William Harris Crawford</b> (February 24, 1772 – September 15, 1834) was an American <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> and judge during the early 19th century. He served as <a href="/wiki/US_Secretary_of_War" class="mw-redirect" title="US Secretary of War">US Secretary of War</a> and <a href="/wiki/US_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="US Secretary of the Treasury">US Secretary of the Treasury</a> before he ran for <a href="/wiki/US_president" class="mw-redirect" title="US president">US president</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824 election</a>. </p><p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, Crawford moved to <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> with his parents at a young age, and he grew up to become one of the state’s most popular politicians. After studying law, Crawford won election to the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_House_of_Representatives" title="Georgia House of Representatives">Georgia House of Representatives</a> in 1803. He aligned with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a> and US Senator <a href="/wiki/James_Jackson_(Georgia_politician)" title="James Jackson (Georgia politician)">James Jackson</a>. In 1807, the Georgia legislature elected Crawford to the <a href="/wiki/US_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="US Senate">US Senate</a>. After the death of <a href="/wiki/US_Vice_President" class="mw-redirect" title="US Vice President">US Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(vice_president)" title="George Clinton (vice president)">George Clinton</a>, Crawford's position as <a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">president pro tempore of the US Senate</a> made him <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_line_of_succession" title="United States presidential line of succession">first in the presidential line of succession</a> from April 1812 to March 1813. In 1813, US President <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> appointed Crawford as the minister to <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and Crawford held that post for the remainder of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. After the war, Madison appointed him to the position of Secretary of War. In October 1816, Madison chose Crawford for the position of Secretary of the Treasury, and Crawford would remain in that office for the remainder of Madison's presidency and for the duration of <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a>'s presidency. </p><p>Although Crawford suffered a severe stroke in 1823, he sought to succeed Monroe at the 1824 election. Because of his roots in Virginia, Crawford received the support of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_dynasty" title="Virginia dynasty">Virginia dynasty</a>, but ongoing concerns about his health along with a changing political landscape made it impossible for him to become the fourth consecutive Virginia native to hold the office of president. The Democratic-Republican Party splintered into factions, as several others also sought the presidency. No candidate won a majority of the electoral vote and so the <a href="/wiki/US_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="US House of Representatives">US House of Representatives</a> chose the president in a <a href="/wiki/Contingent_election" title="Contingent election">contingent election</a>. Under the terms of the <a href="/wiki/US_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="US Constitution">US Constitution</a>, the House selected from the three candidates who received the most electoral votes, which left <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>, and Crawford in the running. The House selected Adams, who asked Crawford to remain as Treasury Secretary. Declining Adams's offer, Crawford returned to Georgia and accepted an appointment to the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Superior_Courts" title="Georgia Superior Courts">state superior court</a>. </p><p>Crawford considered running in the <a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832 presidential election</a> for the presidency or the vice presidency but ultimately chose not to when fellow southerner Andrew Jackson sought a second term. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crawford was born on February 24, 1772, in the portion of <a href="/wiki/Amherst_County,_Virginia" title="Amherst County, Virginia">Amherst County, Virginia</a>, that later became <a href="/wiki/Nelson_County,_Virginia" title="Nelson County, Virginia">Nelson County</a>, the son of Joel Crawford and Fanny Harris, but at least one source has given his birthplace as <a href="/wiki/Tusculum_(Amherst,_Virginia)" title="Tusculum (Amherst, Virginia)">Tusculum</a>, a house whose site remains in Amherst County.<sup id="cite_ref-sbc.edu_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbc.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He moved with his family to <a href="/wiki/Edgefield_County,_South_Carolina" title="Edgefield County, South Carolina">Edgefield County, South Carolina</a>, in 1779 and to <a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Georgia" title="Columbia County, Georgia">Columbia County, Georgia</a>, in 1783. Crawford was educated at private schools in Georgia and at <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Richmond_County" title="Academy of Richmond County">Richmond Academy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Georgia" title="Augusta, Georgia">Augusta</a>. After his father's death, Crawford became the family's main financial provider, and he worked on the Crawford family farm and taught school. He later studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1799 and began to practice in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Georgia" title="Lexington, Georgia">Lexington</a>. Also in 1799, Crawford was appointed by the state legislature to prepare a digest of Georgia's statutes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="State_politics">State politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: State politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He influenced Georgia politics for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1803, Crawford was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_House_of_Representatives" title="Georgia House of Representatives">Georgia House of Representatives</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a>, and he served until 1807. He allied himself with Senator <a href="/wiki/James_Jackson_(Georgia_politician)" title="James Jackson (Georgia politician)">James Jackson</a>. Their enemies were the Clarkites, led by <a href="/wiki/John_Clark_(Georgia_governor)" title="John Clark (Georgia governor)">John Clark</a>. In 1802, he shot and killed Peter Lawrence Van Alen, a Clark ally, in a duel. Four years later, on December 16, 1806, Crawford faced Clark himself in a duel, and Crawford's left wrist was shattered by a shot from Clark, but he eventually recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate">U.S. Senate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: U.S. Senate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1807, Crawford joined the <a href="/wiki/10th_United_States_Congress" title="10th United States Congress">10th Congress</a> as the junior <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">U.S. senator from Georgia</a> when the Georgia legislature elected him to replace <a href="/wiki/George_Jones_(U.S._Senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jones (U.S. Senator)">George Jones</a>, who had held the office for a few months after the death of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Baldwin" title="Abraham Baldwin">Abraham Baldwin</a>. </p><p>Crawford was elected President pro tempore of the Senate in March 1812 and, following the April 20, 1812, death of Vice President George Clinton, served as the permanent <a href="/wiki/Presiding_Officer_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Presiding Officer of the United States Senate">Presiding Officer of the Senate</a> until March 4, 1813. </p><p>In 1811, Crawford declined to serve as <a href="/wiki/US_Secretary_of_War" class="mw-redirect" title="US Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Madison_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Madison administration">Madison administration</a>. In the Senate, he voted for several acts leading up to the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a> and supported the entry into the war, but he was ready for peace:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Let it then be the wisdom of this nation to remain at peace, as long as peace is within its option."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout his service in the Senate, Crawford was described as a member of the older more traditional wing of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a>, and he often focused on issues such as <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">states' rights</a>, which he supported.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minister_to_France">Minister to France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Minister to France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1813, President <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> appointed Crawford as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_France" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to France">US minister to France</a> during the waning years of Napoleon's <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a>. Crawford served until 1815, shortly after the end of the Napoleonic Wars.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabinet">Cabinet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upon Crawford's return, Madison appointed him as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a> on 1 August 1815. Crawford served more than a year in that post. He sought but narrowly failed to win the Democratic-Republican nomination for the <a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816 presidential race</a>. Madison appointed him <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Treasury Secretary</a> on 22 October 1816. He remained in that post for the rest of Madison's term and both terms of President <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a>, until 6 March 1825. While Treasury Secretary he initiated the Reform Bill of 1817.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1824_election">1824 election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1824 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Congressional Caucus nominated Crawford for the <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824 election</a>. However, Crawford had suffered a stroke in 1823 as a result of a <a href="/wiki/Lobelia" title="Lobelia">lobelia</a> prescription given to him by his physician.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Democratic-Republican Party was now split, and one of the splinter groups nominated Crawford. Despite improved health and the support of former Presidents Madison and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, he finished third in the electoral vote, behind Senator and General <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>, hero of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_New_Orleans" title="Battle of New Orleans">Battle of New Orleans</a>, and Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>. In the subsequent contingent election, the House elected Adams President. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Refusing Adams's request for him to remain at the Treasury, Crawford then returned to Georgia, where he was appointed as a <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Superior_Courts" title="Georgia Superior Courts">state superior court</a> judge. Crawford remained an active judge until his death, a decade later. </p><p>Crawford was nominated for vice president by the Georgia legislature in 1828 but withdrew after support from other states was not forthcoming. Crawford also considered running for vice president in 1832 but decided against it, in favor of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a>. Crawford also considered running for president again in 1832 but dropped the idea when Jackson decided to seek a second term.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crawford is buried at the site of his home, about half a mile west of the current Crawford city limit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Societies">Societies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Societies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 1820s, Crawford was a member of the prestigious society <a href="/wiki/Columbian_Institute_for_the_Promotion_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences">Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences</a>, which had among its members former Presidents Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams.<sup id="cite_ref-rathbun_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rathbun-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crawford also served as a Vice President in the <a href="/wiki/American_Colonization_Society" title="American Colonization Society">American Colonization Society</a> from its formation in 1817 to his death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crawford was a descendant of John Crawford (1600–1676), who had come to <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> in 1643, but participated and died in <a href="/wiki/Bacon%27s_Rebellion" title="Bacon's Rebellion">Bacon's Rebellion</a>. John's son David Crawford I (1625–1698), was the father of David Crawford II (1662–1762), and the grandfather of David Crawford III (1697–1766). David Crawford III married Ann Anderson in 1727 and had 13 children, including Joel Crawford (1736–1788). </p><p>His cousin, <a href="/wiki/George_W._Crawford" title="George W. Crawford">George W. Crawford</a>, served as Secretary of War under President <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US-Fractional_(5th_Issue)-$0.50-Fr.1381.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/US-Fractional_%285th_Issue%29-%240.50-Fr.1381.jpg/220px-US-Fractional_%285th_Issue%29-%240.50-Fr.1381.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/US-Fractional_%285th_Issue%29-%240.50-Fr.1381.jpg/330px-US-Fractional_%285th_Issue%29-%240.50-Fr.1381.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/US-Fractional_%285th_Issue%29-%240.50-Fr.1381.jpg/440px-US-Fractional_%285th_Issue%29-%240.50-Fr.1381.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2543" /></a><figcaption>Crawford depicted on United States fractional currency</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1875, Crawford appeared on the <a href="/wiki/Fractional_currency" title="Fractional currency">50 cents bill</a>. </p><p>The following places are named in his honor:<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities_and_towns">Cities and towns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Cities and towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crawford,_Georgia" title="Crawford, Georgia">Crawford, Georgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-GA_Names_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GA_Names-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawfordville,_Georgia" title="Crawfordville, Georgia">Crawfordville, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawfordsville,_Indiana" title="Crawfordsville, Indiana">Crawfordsville, Indiana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Counties">Counties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Counties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Arkansas" title="Crawford County, Arkansas">Crawford County, Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Georgia" title="Crawford County, Georgia">Crawford County, Georgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-GA_Names_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GA_Names-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Illinois" title="Crawford County, Illinois">Crawford County, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Indiana" title="Crawford County, Indiana">Crawford County, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Iowa" title="Crawford County, Iowa">Crawford County, Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Michigan" title="Crawford County, Michigan">Crawford County, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Missouri" title="Crawford County, Missouri">Crawford County, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Wisconsin" title="Crawford County, Wisconsin">Crawford County, Wisconsin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Squares">Squares</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Squares"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_Square_(Savannah,_Georgia)" title="Crawford Square (Savannah, Georgia)">Crawford Square</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-best_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-best-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sbc.edu-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sbc.edu_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tusculum.sbc.edu/Household.shtml">"History of a Household"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+a+Household&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftusculum.sbc.edu%2FHousehold.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFair2015" class="citation journal cs1">Fair, John D. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aqh&AN=114682494&site=eds-live&scope=site">"Governor David B. Mitchell and the 'Black Birds' Slave Smuggling Scandal"</a>. <i>Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>99</b> (4)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Governor+David+B.+Mitchell+and+the+%27Black+Birds%27+Slave+Smuggling+Scandal&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Fair&rft.aufirst=John+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.ebscohost.com%2Flogin.aspx%3Fdirect%3Dtrue%26db%3Daqh%26AN%3D114682494%26site%3Deds-live%26scope%3Dsite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2sNp1l1pNroC&pg=PT33">Long, Kim. "<i>The Almanac of Political Corruption, Scandals & Dirty Politics</i>, (2008).</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0307481344" title="Special:BookSources/0307481344">0307481344</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen1942" class="citation journal cs1">Green, Philip J. (1942). "William H. Crawford and the War of 1812". <i>The Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>26</b> (1): 21. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40576819">40576819</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=William+H.+Crawford+and+the+War+of+1812&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=21&rft.date=1942&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40576819%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Philip+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGales1853" class="citation book cs1">Gales, Joseph (1853). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30347/"><i>The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States, Eleventh Congress, First and Second Sessions [volume 1]</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Gales and Seaton. p. 543<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Debates+and+Proceedings+in+the+Congress+of+the+United+States%2C+Eleventh+Congress%2C+First+and+Second+Sessions+%5Bvolume+1%5D&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=543&rft.pub=Gales+and+Seaton&rft.date=1853&rft.aulast=Gales&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc30347%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/william-harris-crawford">"William Harris Crawford | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=William+Harris+Crawford+%26%23124%3B+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fpeople%2Fhistory%2Fus-history-biographies%2Fwilliam-harris-crawford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaplan1976" class="citation journal cs1">Kaplan, Lawrence S. (1976). "The Paris Mission of William Harris Crawford, 1813–1815". <i>The Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>60</b> (1): 9–22. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40580240">40580240</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Paris+Mission+of+William+Harris+Crawford%2C+1813%E2%80%931815&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=9-22&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40580240%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://home.treasury.gov/about/history/prior-secretaries/william-h-crawford-1816-1825">"William H. Crawford (1816 - 1825)"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of the Treasury</i>. March 5, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+the+Treasury&rft.atitle=William+H.+Crawford+%281816+-+1825%29&rft.date=2024-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhome.treasury.gov%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2Fprior-secretaries%2Fwilliam-h-crawford-1816-1825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Irving_Stone" title="Irving Stone">Irving Stone</a>, <i>They Also Ran,</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theyalsoranstory0000irvi/page/36/mode/1up?view=theater">p.36</a>, (<a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday, Doran & Co.</a> 1944) (retrieved Jun. 29, 2024); <a href="/wiki/Claude_G._Bowers" title="Claude G. Bowers">Claude G. Bowers</a>, <i>The Party Battles of the Jackson Period</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/72299/pg72299-images.html">pp.108-109</a> (<a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Co.</a> 1922) (retrieved Jun. 29, 2024)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMooney1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chase_C._Mooney" title="Chase C. Mooney">Mooney, Chase C.</a> (1974). <i>William H. Crawford: 1772-1834</i>. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 308–313, 315–318.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+H.+Crawford%3A+1772-1834&rft.pages=308-313%2C+315-318&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Mooney&rft.aufirst=Chase+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rathbun-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rathbun_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRathbun1904" class="citation book cs1">Rathbun, Richard (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MY-5AAAAIAAJ&q=%22columbian+institute%22&pg=PA118"><i>The Columbian institute for the promotion of arts and sciences: A Washington Society of 1816–1838</i></a>. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, October 18, 1917<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Columbian+institute+for+the+promotion+of+arts+and+sciences%3A+A+Washington+Society+of+1816%E2%80%931838.&rft.pub=Bulletin+of+the+United+States+National+Museum%2C+October+18%2C+1917&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Rathbun&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMY-5AAAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522columbian%2Binstitute%2522%26pg%3DPA118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGannett,_Henry1905" class="citation book cs1">Gannett, Henry (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States</i></a>. Govt. Print. Off. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n94">95</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origin+of+Certain+Place+Names+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=Govt.+Print.+Off.&rft.date=1905&rft.au=Gannett%2C+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GA_Names-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GA_Names_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GA_Names_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrakow,_Kenneth_K.1975" class="citation book cs1">Krakow, Kenneth K. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kenkrakow.com/gpn/c.pdf"><i>Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Macon, GA: Winship Press. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-915430-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-915430-00-2"><bdi>0-915430-00-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Georgia+Place-Names%3A+Their+History+and+Origins&rft.place=Macon%2C+GA&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Winship+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-915430-00-2&rft.au=Krakow%2C+Kenneth+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kenkrakow.com%2Fgpn%2Fc.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-best-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-best_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://savannahbest.com/savhist/Square1.htm">SavannahBest.com's ‘’Squares of Savannah’‘</a>, accessed June 16, 2007</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham1996" class="citation book cs1">Cunningham, Noble (1996). <i>The Presidency of James Monroe</i>. University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7006-0728-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7006-0728-5"><bdi>0-7006-0728-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presidency+of+James+Monroe&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-7006-0728-5&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Noble&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes. <i>American National Biography</i>, vol. 5, "Crawford, William Harris". New York : Oxford University Press, 1999.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen1965" class="citation book cs1">Green, Philip Jackson (1965). <i>The life of William Harris Crawford</i>. University of North Carolina at Charlotte.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+William+Harris+Crawford&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+at+Charlotte&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Philip+Jackson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen1942" class="citation journal cs1">Green, Philip J. (1942). "William H. Crawford and the War of 1812". <i>The Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>26</b> (1): 16–39. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40576819">40576819</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=William+H.+Crawford+and+the+War+of+1812&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=16-39&rft.date=1942&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40576819%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Philip+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowe2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Walker_Howe" title="Daniel Walker Howe">Howe, Daniel Walker</a> (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whathathgodwroug00howe"><i>What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848</i></a></span>. Oxford History of the United States. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-507894-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-507894-7"><bdi>978-0-19-507894-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Hath+God+Wrought%3A+The+Transformation+of+America%2C+1815%E2%80%931848&rft.series=Oxford+History+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-507894-7&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Walker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhathathgodwroug00howe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahan2016" class="citation book cs1">Kahan, Paul (2016). <i>The Bank War: Andrew Jackson, Nicholas Biddle, and the Fight for American Finance</i>. <a href="/wiki/Yardley,_Pennsylvania" title="Yardley, Pennsylvania">Yardley, PA</a>: Westholme Publishing. pp. 23–46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594162343" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594162343"><bdi>978-1594162343</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bank+War%3A+Andrew+Jackson%2C+Nicholas+Biddle%2C+and+the+Fight+for+American+Finance&rft.place=Yardley%2C+PA&rft.pages=23-46&rft.pub=Westholme+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1594162343&rft.aulast=Kahan&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaplan1976" class="citation journal cs1">Kaplan, Lawrence S. (1976). "The Paris Mission of William Harris Crawford, 1813–1815". <i>The Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>60</b> (1): 9–22. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40580240">40580240</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Paris+Mission+of+William+Harris+Crawford%2C+1813%E2%80%931815&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=9-22&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40580240%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMooney1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chase_C._Mooney" title="Chase C. Mooney">Mooney, Chase C.</a> (1974). <i>William H. Crawford: 1772-1834</i>. University Press of Kentucky.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+H.+Crawford%3A+1772-1834&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Mooney&rft.aufirst=Chase+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1972" class="citation journal cs1">Morgan, William G. (1972). "The Congressional Nominating Caucus of 1816: The Struggle against the Virginia Dynasty". <i>The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography</i>. <b>80</b> (4): 461–475. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4247750">4247750</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Virginia+Magazine+of+History+and+Biography&rft.atitle=The+Congressional+Nominating+Caucus+of+1816%3A+The+Struggle+against+the+Virginia+Dynasty&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=461-475&rft.date=1972&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4247750%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=William+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemini1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_V._Remini" title="Robert V. Remini">Remini, Robert V.</a> (1991). <i>Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton & Company</a>. pp. 68–273. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393030044" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393030044"><bdi>978-0393030044</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry+Clay%3A+Statesman+for+the+Union&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=68-273&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0393030044&rft.aulast=Remini&rft.aufirst=Robert+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShipp1909" class="citation book cs1">Shipp, J.E.D. (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/giantdaysorlife00shipgoog"><i>Giant days, or The life and times of William H. Crawford</i></a>. Southern Printers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Giant+days%2C+or+The+life+and+times+of+William+H.+Crawford&rft.pub=Southern+Printers&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Shipp&rft.aufirst=J.E.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgiantdaysorlife00shipgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkeen1972" class="citation journal cs1">Skeen, C. Edward (1972). "Calhoun, Crawford, and the Politics of Retrenchment". <i>The South Carolina Historical Magazine</i>. <b>73</b> (3): 141–155. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27567133">27567133</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+South+Carolina+Historical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Calhoun%2C+Crawford%2C+and+the+Politics+of+Retrenchment&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=141-155&rft.date=1972&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27567133%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Skeen&rft.aufirst=C.+Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone1966" class="citation book cs1">Stone, Irving (1966). <i>They Also Ran: The Story of the Men Who Were Defeated for the Presidency</i> (Revised ed.). Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0385074094" title="Special:BookSources/978-0385074094"><bdi>978-0385074094</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=They+Also+Ran%3A+The+Story+of+the+Men+Who+Were+Defeated+for+the+Presidency&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1966&rft.isbn=978-0385074094&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Irving&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Crawford&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.library.rice.edu/repositories/2/resources/52">William Harris Crawford papers</a>(Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._State)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Georgia (U.S. State)">Georgia (U.S. State) portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressC000895" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000895">"William H. Crawford (id: C000895)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=William+H.+Crawford+%28id%3A+C000895%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DC000895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+H.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/CollectionsA-Z/186_search.html">William Harris Crawford Collection from the Georgia Historical Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/baldwin/troup-clarke-political-feud">Troup-Clarke Political Feud</a> historical marker</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Jones_(U.S._Senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jones (U.S. Senator)">George Jones</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Georgia">U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Georgia</a> </b><br />1807–1813 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/John_Milledge" title="John Milledge">John Milledge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Tait_(politician)" title="Charles Tait (politician)">Charles Tait</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Bellinger_Bulloch" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bellinger Bulloch">William Bulloch</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_White_(U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel White (U.S. politician)">Samuel White</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_youngest_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of youngest members of the United States Congress">Baby of the Senate</a> </b><br />1807–1810 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jenkin_Whiteside" title="Jenkin Whiteside">Jenkin Whiteside</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Pope_(Kentucky)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Pope (Kentucky)">John Pope</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore of the U.S. Senate</a> </b><br />1812–1813 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradley_Varnum" title="Joseph Bradley Varnum">Joseph Varnum</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Alexander Dallas</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a> </b><br />1815–1816 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Graham_(soldier)" title="George Graham (soldier)">George Graham</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Alexander Dallas</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a> </b><br />1816–1825 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barlow" title="Joel Barlow">Joel Barlow</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_France" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to France">United States Minister to France</a> </b><br />1813–1815 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Albert Gallatin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>¹ </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a> <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Party abolished </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;"><small><b>Notes and references</b></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><small>1. The <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a> split in the <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824 election</a>, fielding four separate candidates.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_Georgia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="Template:United States senators from Georgia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="Template talk:United States senators from Georgia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Georgia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Georgia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">United States senators from Georgia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Few" title="William Few">Few</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Jackson_(Georgia_politician)" title="James Jackson (Georgia politician)">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Walton" title="George Walton">Walton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Tattnall_(politician)" title="Josiah Tattnall (politician)">Tattnall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Baldwin" title="Abraham Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jones_(U.S._senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jones (U.S. senator)">Jones</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bellinger_Bulloch" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bellinger Bulloch">Bulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyatt_Bibb" class="mw-redirect" title="William Wyatt Bibb">Bibb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Troup" title="George Troup">Troup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Walker" title="Freeman Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ware" title="Nicholas Ware">Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Cobb" title="Thomas W. Cobb">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_H._Prince" title="Oliver H. Prince">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Troup" title="George Troup">Troup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pendleton_King" title="John Pendleton King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Lumpkin" title="Wilson Lumpkin">Lumpkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">Berrien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Charlton" title="Robert M. Charlton">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Toombs" title="Robert Toombs">Toombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_V._M._Miller" title="Homer V. M. Miller">H. Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Norwood" title="Thomas M. Norwood">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harvey_Hill" title="Benjamin Harvey Hill">B. Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Barrow" title="Pope Barrow">Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Colquitt" title="Alfred H. Colquitt">A. Colquitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Walsh_(Southern_U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Walsh (Southern U.S. politician)">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_O._Bacon" title="Augustus O. Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_West" title="William Stanley West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Hardwick" title="Thomas W. Hardwick">Hardwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Harris" title="William J. Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Cohen" title="John S. Cohen">Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Russell_Jr." title="Richard Russell Jr.">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_H._Gambrell" title="David H. Gambrell">Gambrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Nunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Cleland" title="Max Cleland">Cleland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxby_Chambliss" title="Saxby Chambliss">Chambliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Perdue" title="David Perdue">Perdue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Ossoff</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Gunn_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Gunn (senator)">Gunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Jackson_(Georgia_politician)" title="James Jackson (Georgia politician)">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Milledge" title="John Milledge">Milledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tait_(politician)" title="Charles Tait (politician)">Tait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elliott_(Georgia_politician)" title="John Elliott (Georgia politician)">Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Berrien" title="John M. Berrien">Berrien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Cuthbert" title="Alfred Cuthbert">Cuthbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_T._Colquitt" title="Walter T. Colquitt">W. Colquitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_V._Johnson" title="Herschel V. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Crosby_Dawson" class="mw-redirect" title="William Crosby Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Iverson_Sr." title="Alfred Iverson Sr.">Iverson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Hill_(politician)" title="Joshua Hill (politician)">J. Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Gordon" title="John B. Gordon">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Brown" title="Joseph E. Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Gordon" title="John B. Gordon">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_S._Clay" title="Alexander S. Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Terrell" title="Joseph M. Terrell">Terrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoke_Smith" title="Hoke Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Watson" title="Thomas E. Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Latimer_Felton" title="Rebecca Latimer Felton">Felton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Talmadge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack_Mattingly" title="Mack Mattingly">Mattingly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyche_Fowler" title="Wyche Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Coverdell" title="Paul Coverdell">Coverdell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zell_Miller" title="Zell Miller">Z. Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Isakson" title="Johnny Isakson">Isakson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Loeffler" title="Kelly Loeffler">Loeffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Warnock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_war_and_the_Army" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecArm" title="Template:USSecArm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecArm" title="Template talk:USSecArm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecArm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecArm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_war_and_the_Army" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States secretaries of war</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">Department<br />of War</a><br />(1789–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretaries<br />of war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">B. Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Knox" title="Henry Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pickering" title="Timothy Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McHenry" title="James McHenry">McHenry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dexter" title="Samuel Dexter">Dexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dearborn" title="Henry Dearborn">Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Armstrong_Jr." title="John Armstrong Jr.">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">Monroe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">W. Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Buell_Porter" title="Peter Buell Porter">P. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Roberts_Poinsett" title="Joel Roberts Poinsett">Poinsett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Canfield_Spencer" title="John Canfield Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Porter" title="James Madison Porter">J. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilkins_(American_politician)" title="William Wilkins (American politician)">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Marcy" title="William L. Marcy">Marcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Crawford" title="George W. Crawford">G. Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">J. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Floyd" title="John B. Floyd">Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Holt" title="Joseph Holt">Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">S. Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Stanton" title="Edwin Stanton">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schofield" title="John Schofield">Schofield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Aaron_Rawlins" title="John Aaron Rawlins">Rawlins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Belknap" title="William W. Belknap">Belknap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Taft" title="Alphonso Taft">A. Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">J. Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ramsey" title="Alexander Ramsey">Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Todd_Lincoln" title="Robert Todd Lincoln">R. Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Crowninshield_Endicott" title="William Crowninshield Endicott">Endicott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redfield_Proctor" title="Redfield Proctor">Proctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_B._Elkins" title="Stephen B. Elkins">Elkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_S._Lamont" title="Daniel S. Lamont">Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Alger" title="Russell A. Alger">Alger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elihu_Root" title="Elihu Root">Root</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">W. Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Edward_Wright" title="Luke Edward Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_M._Dickinson" title="Jacob M. Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Stimson" title="Henry L. Stimson">Stimson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindley_Miller_Garrison" title="Lindley Miller Garrison">Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_D._Baker" title="Newton D. Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Weeks" title="John W. Weeks">Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_F._Davis" title="Dwight F. Davis">D. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Hurley" title="Patrick J. Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dern" title="George Dern">Dern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hines_Woodring" title="Harry Hines Woodring">Woodring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Stimson" title="Henry L. Stimson">Stimson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Patterson" title="Robert P. Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Claiborne_Royall" title="Kenneth Claiborne Royall">Royall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Assistant Secretary of War">Assistant secretaries<br />of war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Scott" title="Thomas A. Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_H._Watson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter H. Watson (page does not exist)">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Tucker_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Tucker (politician) (page does not exist)">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wolcott" title="Christopher Wolcott">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Anderson_Dana" title="Charles Anderson Dana">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eckert" title="Thomas Eckert">Eckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_A._Grant" title="Lewis A. Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Doe" title="Joseph Doe">Doe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_de_Rue_Meiklejohn" title="George de Rue Meiklejohn">Meiklejohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cary_Sanger" title="William Cary Sanger">Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shaw_Oliver" title="Robert Shaw Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Skillman_Breckinridge" title="Henry Skillman Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Moulton_Ingraham" title="William Moulton Ingraham">Ingraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Crowell" title="Benedict Crowell">Crowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Reid_Williams" title="William Reid Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Mayhew_Wainwright" title="J. Mayhew Wainwright">Wainwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_F._Davis" title="Dwight F. Davis">D. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanford_MacNider" title="Hanford MacNider">MacNider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burton_Robbins" title="Charles Burton Robbins">Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Hurley" title="Patrick J. Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Huff_Payne" title="Frederick Huff Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hines_Woodring" title="Harry Hines Woodring">Woodring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Johnson" title="Louis A. Johnson">L. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Patterson" title="Robert P. Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCloy" title="John J. McCloy">McCloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_C._Petersen" title="Howard C. Petersen">Petersen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Under Secretary of War">Under secretaries<br />of war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Patterson" title="Robert P. Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Claiborne_Royall" title="Kenneth Claiborne Royall">Royall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Draper_Jr." title="William Henry Draper Jr.">Draper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Under Secretary of the Army"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="141" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department<br />of the Army</a><br />(1947–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Secretaries<br />of the Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Claiborne_Royall" title="Kenneth Claiborne Royall">Royall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Gray_(politician)" title="Gordon Gray (politician)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pace" title="Frank Pace">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Stevens" title="Robert T. Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilber_M._Brucker" title="Wilber M. Brucker">Brucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Jacob_Stahr_Jr." title="Elvis Jacob Stahr Jr.">Stahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ailes" title="Stephen Ailes">Ailes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rogers_Resor" title="Stanley Rogers Resor">Resor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Frederick_Froehlke" title="Robert Frederick Froehlke">Froehlke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Callaway" title="Bo Callaway">Callaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Richard_Hoffmann" title="Martin Richard Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifford_Alexander_Jr." title="Clifford Alexander Jr.">C. Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Otho_Marsh_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Otho Marsh Jr.">Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_P._W._Stone" title="Michael P. W. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo_D._West_Jr." title="Togo D. West Jr.">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Caldera" title="Louis Caldera">Caldera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._White" title="Thomas E. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_J._Harvey" title="Francis J. Harvey">Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Geren" title="Pete Geren">Geren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._McHugh" title="John M. McHugh">McHugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Fanning" title="Eric Fanning">Fanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Esper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_D._McCarthy" title="Ryan D. McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Wormuth" title="Christine Wormuth">Wormuth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Under Secretary of the Army">Under secretaries<br />of the Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Draper_Jr." title="William Henry Draper Jr.">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Gray_(politician)" title="Gordon Gray (politician)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Voorhees" title="Tracy Voorhees">Voorhees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_S._Alexander" title="Archibald S. Alexander">A. Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bendetsen" title="Karl Bendetsen">Bendetsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_D._Johnson" title="Earl D. Johnson">E. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Slezak" title="John Slezak">Slezak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Finucane" title="Charles C. Finucane">Finucane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_M._Milton_II" title="Hugh M. Milton II">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ailes" title="Stephen Ailes">Ailes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ignatius" title="Paul Ignatius">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rogers_Resor" title="Stanley Rogers Resor">Resor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_E._McGiffert" title="David E. McGiffert">McGiffert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Beal" title="Thaddeus Beal">Beal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._BeLieu" title="Kenneth E. BeLieu">BeLieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_R._Staudt" title="Herman R. Staudt">Staudt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_R._Augustine" title="Norman R. Augustine">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_B._LaBerge" title="Walter B. LaBerge">LaBerge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Ambrose" title="James R. Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_P._W._Stone" title="Michael P. W. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Shannon" title="John W. Shannon">Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_R._Reeder" title="Joe R. Reeder">Reeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Walker" title="Robert M. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_D._Rostker" title="Bernard D. Rostker">Rostker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_R._Dahlberg" title="Gregory R. Dahlberg">Dahlberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Brownlee" title="Les Brownlee">Brownlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Geren" title="Pete Geren">Geren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_M._Ford" title="Nelson M. Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Westphal" title="Joseph W. Westphal">Westphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Carson" title="Brad Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Murphy_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Patrick Murphy (Pennsylvania politician)">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_D._McCarthy" title="Ryan D. McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._McPherson" title="James E. McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabe_Camarillo" title="Gabe Camarillo">Camarillo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_the_treasury" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecTreas" title="Template:USSecTreas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecTreas" title="Template talk:USSecTreas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecTreas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecTreas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_the_treasury" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States secretaries of the treasury</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wolcott_Jr." title="Oliver Wolcott Jr.">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dexter" title="Samuel Dexter">Dexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Gallatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Campbell" title="George W. Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Dallas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._Ingham" title="Samuel D. Ingham">Ingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_McLane" title="Louis McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Duane" title="William J. Duane">Duane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_B._Taney" title="Roger B. Taney">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Ewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Forward" title="Walter Forward">Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Spencer" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Bibb" title="George M. Bibb">Bibb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Walker" title="Robert J. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Meredith" title="William M. Meredith">Meredith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Corwin" title="Thomas Corwin">Corwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Guthrie_(Kentucky_politician)" title="James Guthrie (Kentucky politician)">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Francis_Thomas" title="Philip Francis Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Dix" title="John Adams Dix">Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCulloch" title="Hugh McCulloch">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">Boutwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adams_Richardson" title="William Adams Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bristow" title="Benjamin Bristow">Bristow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Folger" title="Charles J. Folger">Folger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Q._Gresham" title="Walter Q. Gresham">Gresham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCulloch" title="Hugh McCulloch">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Manning" title="Daniel Manning">Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Fairchild" title="Charles S. Fairchild">Fairchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Foster_(Ohio_politician)" title="Charles Foster (Ohio politician)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_J._Gage" title="Lyman J. Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._M._Shaw" title="L. M. Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_MacVeagh" title="Franklin MacVeagh">MacVeagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gibbs_McAdoo" title="William Gibbs McAdoo">McAdoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Glass" title="Carter Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_F._Houston" title="David F. Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mellon" title="Andrew Mellon">Mellon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogden_L._Mills" title="Ogden L. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Woodin" title="William H. Woodin">Woodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Morgenthau_Jr." title="Henry Morgenthau Jr.">Morgenthau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Vinson" title="Fred M. Vinson">Vinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Snyder" title="John Wesley Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Humphrey" title="George M. Humphrey">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Anderson_(Texas_politician)" title="Robert B. Anderson (Texas politician)">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Douglas_Dillon" title="C. Douglas Dillon">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Fowler" title="Henry H. Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Barr" title="Joseph W. Barr">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._Kennedy_(politician)" title="David M. Kennedy (politician)">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">Shultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Simon" title="William E. Simon">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Michael_Blumenthal" title="W. Michael Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._William_Miller" title="G. William Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Regan" title="Donald Regan">Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_F._Brady" title="Nicholas F. Brady">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Bentsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rubin" title="Robert Rubin">Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Summers" title="Lawrence Summers">Summers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._O%27Neill" title="Paul H. O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Snow" title="John W. Snow">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Paulson" title="Henry Paulson">Paulson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner">Geithner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lew" title="Jack Lew">Lew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Mnuchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Yellen" title="Janet Yellen">Yellen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/110px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/165px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg/220px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="246" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_presidents_pro_tempore" title="Template:US Senate presidents pro tempore"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_presidents_pro_tempore" title="Template talk:US Senate presidents pro tempore"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_presidents_pro_tempore" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate presidents pro tempore"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#00cc22;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Langdon_(politician)" title="John Langdon (politician)">Langdon</a> (1789)</li> <li><span style="color:#CCFF66;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Lee</a> (1792)</li> <li><span style="color:#00cc22;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Langdon_(politician)" title="John Langdon (politician)">Langdon</a> (1792–1793)</li> <li><span style="color:#00cc22;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Izard" title="Ralph Izard">Izard</a> (1794)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Tazewell" title="Henry Tazewell">H. Tazewell</a> (1795)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Livermore" title="Samuel Livermore">Livermore</a> (1796)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Bingham" title="William Bingham">Bingham</a> (1797)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="William Bradford (Rhode Island politician)">Bradford</a> (1979)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Read" title="Jacob Read">Read</a> (1797)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sedgwick" title="Theodore Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a> (1798)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Laurance" title="John Laurance">Laurance</a> (1798)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Ross_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="James Ross (Pennsylvania politician)">Ross</a> (1799)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Livermore" title="Samuel Livermore">Livermore</a> (1799)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Uriah_Tracy" title="Uriah Tracy">Tracy</a> (1800)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Eager_Howard" title="John Eager Howard">Howard</a> (1800)</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Hillhouse" title="James Hillhouse">Hillhouse</a> (1801)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Baldwin" title="Abraham Baldwin">Baldwin</a> (1801–1802)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_R._Bradley" title="Stephen R. Bradley">Bradley</a> (1802–1803)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Brown_(Kentucky_politician,_born_1757)" title="John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)">Brown</a> (1803–1804)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Franklin" title="Jesse Franklin">Franklin</a> (1804)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Anderson_(Tennessee_politician)" title="Joseph Anderson (Tennessee politician)">Anderson</a> (1805)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(Maryland_politician)" title="Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)">Smith</a> (1805–1808)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_R._Bradley" title="Stephen R. Bradley">Bradley</a> (1808–1809)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Milledge" title="John Milledge">Milledge</a> (1809)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gregg" title="Andrew Gregg">Gregg</a> (1809)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Gaillard" title="John Gaillard">Gaillard</a> (1810)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Pope_(Kentucky_politician)" title="John Pope (Kentucky politician)">Pope</a> (1811)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crawford</a> (1812–1813)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradley_Varnum" title="Joseph Bradley Varnum">Varnum</a> (1813–1814)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Gaillard" title="John Gaillard">Gaillard</a> (1814–1819)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a> (1819)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Gaillard" title="John Gaillard">Gaillard</a> (1820–1825)</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a> (1826–1827)</li> <li><span style="color:#DDEEFF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(Maryland_politician)" title="Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)">Smith</a> (1828–1831)</li> <li><span style="color:#DDEEFF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Littleton_Waller_Tazewell" title="Littleton Waller Tazewell">L. Tazewell</a> (1832)</li> <li><span style="color:#DDEEFF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Lawson_White" title="Hugh Lawson White">White</a> (1832–1833)</li> <li><span style="color:#FFE6B0;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Poindexter" title="George Poindexter">Poindexter</a> (1834)</li> <li><span style="color:#FFE6B0;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">Tyler</a> (1835)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">W. R. King</a> (1836–1841)</li> <li><span style="color:#F0C862;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Southard</a> (1841–1842)</li> <li><span style="color:#F0C862;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Willie_P._Mangum" title="Willie P. Mangum">Mangum</a> (1842–1845)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Hundley_Sevier" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrose Hundley Sevier">Sevier</a> (1845)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/David_Rice_Atchison" title="David Rice Atchison">Atchison</a> (1846–1849)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">W. R. King</a> (1850–1852)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/David_Rice_Atchison" title="David Rice Atchison">Atchison</a> (1852–1854)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a> (1854)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jesse_D._Bright" title="Jesse D. Bright">Bright</a> (1854–1856)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Stuart" title="Charles E. Stuart">Stuart</a> (1856)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jesse_D._Bright" title="Jesse D. Bright">Bright</a> (1856–1857)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_M._Mason" title="James M. Mason">Mason</a> (1857)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Rusk" title="Thomas Jefferson Rusk">Rusk</a> (1857)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Fitzpatrick" title="Benjamin Fitzpatrick">Fitzpatrick</a> (1857–1860)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jesse_D._Bright" title="Jesse D. Bright">Bright</a> (1860)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Fitzpatrick" title="Benjamin Fitzpatrick">Fitzpatrick</a> (1860)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Foot" title="Solomon Foot">Foot</a> (1861–1864)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Clark_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Daniel Clark (New Hampshire politician)">Clark</a> (1864–1865)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lafayette_S._Foster" title="Lafayette S. Foster">Foster</a> (1865–1867)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Wade" title="Benjamin Wade">Wade</a> (1867–1869)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Anthony" title="Henry B. Anthony">Anthony</a> (1869–1873)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Matthew_H._Carpenter" title="Matthew H. Carpenter">Carpenter</a> (1873–1875)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Anthony" title="Henry B. Anthony">Anthony</a> (1875)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Ferry" title="Thomas W. Ferry">Ferry</a> (1875–1879)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Thurman</a> (1879–1880)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Bayard" title="Thomas F. Bayard">Bayard</a> (1881)</li> <li><span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(Supreme_Court_justice)" title="David Davis (Supreme Court justice)">Davis</a> (1881–1883)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/George_F._Edmunds" title="George F. Edmunds">Edmunds</a> (1883–1885)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a> (1885–1887)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_J._Ingalls" title="John J. Ingalls">Ingalls</a> (1887–1891)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Manderson" title="Charles F. Manderson">Manderson</a> (1891–1893)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Isham_G._Harris" title="Isham G. Harris">Harris</a> (1893–1895)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Matt_W._Ransom" title="Matt W. Ransom">Ransom</a> (1895)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Isham_G._Harris" title="Isham G. Harris">Harris</a> (1895)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a> (1896–1911)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Augustus_O._Bacon" title="Augustus O. Bacon">Bacon</a>/ <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a>/ <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacob_H._Gallinger" title="Jacob H. Gallinger">Gallinger</a>/ <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Brandegee" title="Frank B. Brandegee">Brandegee</a>/ <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a> (1911–1913)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_P._Clarke" title="James P. Clarke">Clarke</a> (1913–1916)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Willard_Saulsbury_Jr." title="Willard Saulsbury Jr.">Saulsbury</a> (1916–1919)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">Cummins</a> (1919–1925)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">Moses</a> (1925–1933)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Key_Pittman" title="Key Pittman">Pittman</a> (1933–1940)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/William_H._King" title="William H. King">W. H. King</a> (1940–1941)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Pat_Harrison" title="Pat Harrison">Harrison</a> (1941)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Carter_Glass" title="Carter Glass">Glass</a> (1941–1945)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McKellar_(politician)" title="Kenneth McKellar (politician)">McKellar</a> (1945–1947)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Vandenberg</a> (1947–1949)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McKellar_(politician)" title="Kenneth McKellar (politician)">McKellar</a> (1949–1953)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a> (1953–1955)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a> (1955–1957)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Hayden" title="Carl Hayden">Hayden</a> (1957–1969)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Russell_Jr." title="Richard Russell Jr.">Russell</a> (1969–1971)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Allen_J._Ellender" title="Allen J. Ellender">Ellender</a> (1971–1972)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Eastland" title="James Eastland">Eastland</a> (1972–1978)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Warren_Magnuson" title="Warren Magnuson">Magnuson</a> (1979–1980)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Milton_Young" title="Milton Young">Young</a> (1980)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Warren_Magnuson" title="Warren Magnuson">Magnuson</a> (1980–1981)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a> (1981–1987)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_C._Stennis" title="John C. Stennis">Stennis</a> (1987–1989)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a> (1989–1995)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a> (1995–2001)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a> (2001)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a> (2001)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a> (2003–2007)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a> (2007–2010)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Inouye</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Leahy</a> (2012–2015)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Hatch</a> (2015–2019)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Leahy</a> (2021–2023)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Murray</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate President Pro Tempore"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate President Pro Tempore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg/90px-President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg/135px-President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg/180px-President_Pro_Tempore_US_Senate_Seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="304" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span style="color:#00cc22;">▌</span> Pro-Administration</li> <li><span style="color:#CCFF66;">▌</span> Anti-Administration</li> <li><span style="color:#EA9978;">▌</span> Federalist</li> <li><span style="color:#008000;">▌</span> Democratic-Republican</li> <li><span style="color:#DDEEFF;">▌</span> Jacksonian</li> <li><span style="color:#FFE6B0;">▌</span> National Republican</li> <li><span style="color:#F0C862;">▌</span> Whig</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> Democratic</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> Republican</li> <li><span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> Independent</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Category:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Ambassadors_to_France" title="Template:US Ambassadors to France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Ambassadors_to_France" title="Template talk:US Ambassadors to France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Ambassadors_to_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Ambassadors to France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States_United_States_ambassadors_to_France_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=France&#124;link=France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_France" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to France">United States ambassadors to France</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Envoys<br />to France<br />(1776–1779)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lee_(diplomat)" title="Arthur Lee (diplomat)">Lee</a> & <a href="/wiki/Silas_Deane" title="Silas Deane">Deane</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the US Department of State"><img alt="Seal of the US Department of State" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg/70px-U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg/105px-U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg/140px-U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers Plenipotentiary<br />to France<br />(1778–1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Short_(American_ambassador)" title="William Short (American ambassador)">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouverneur_Morris" title="Gouverneur Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cotesworth_Pinckney" title="Charles Cotesworth Pinckney">Pinckney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Livingston" title="Robert R. Livingston">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Armstrong_Jr." title="John Armstrong Jr.">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Russell" title="Jonathan Russell">Russell</a> <small>(<i>chargé d'affaires</i>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barlow" title="Joel Barlow">Barlow</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crawford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Envoy Extraordinary and<br />Minister Plenipotentiary <br />to France<br />(1816–1893)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Gallatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James Brown (Louisiana politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cabell_Rives" title="William Cabell Rives">Rives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levett_Harris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levett Harris (page does not exist)">Harris</a> <small>(<i>chargé d'affaires</i>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_P._Barton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas P. Barton (page does not exist)">Barton</a> <small>(<i>chargé d'affaires</i>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cabell_Rives" title="William Cabell Rives">Rives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Y._Mason" title="John Y. Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Faulkner" title="Charles J. Faulkner">Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bigelow" title="John Bigelow">Bigelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Dix" title="John Adams Dix">Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elihu_B._Washburne" title="Elihu B. Washburne">Washburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Follansbee_Noyes" title="Edward Follansbee Noyes">Noyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Milligan_McLane" title="Robert Milligan McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Jefferson_Coolidge" title="T. Jefferson Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ambassador Extraordinary<br />and Plenipotentiary<br />to France<br />(1893–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Eustis" title="James B. Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Porter" title="Horace Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sanderson_McCormick" title="Robert Sanderson McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_White_(diplomat)" title="Henry White (diplomat)">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bacon" title="Robert Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myron_T._Herrick" title="Myron T. Herrick">Herrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Graves_Sharp" class="mw-redirect" title="William Graves Sharp">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Campbell_Wallace" title="Hugh Campbell Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myron_T._Herrick" title="Myron T. Herrick">Herrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_E._Edge" title="Walter E. Edge">Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_I._Straus" title="Jesse I. Straus">Straus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Christian_Bullitt_Jr." title="William Christian Bullitt Jr.">Bullitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Leahy" title="William D. Leahy">Leahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville_Pinkney_Tuck" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerville Pinkney Tuck">Tuck</a> <small>(<i>chargé d'affaires</i>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Caffery" title="Jefferson Caffery">Caffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_K._E._Bruce" title="David K. E. Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clement_Dunn" title="James Clement Dunn">Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Douglas_Dillon" title="C. Douglas Dillon">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amory_Houghton" title="Amory Houghton">Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Gavin" title="James M. Gavin">Gavin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Bohlen" title="Charles E. Bohlen">Bohlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_K._Watson" title="Arthur K. Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._Irwin_II" title="John N. Irwin II">Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Rush" title="Kenneth Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_A._Hartman" title="Arthur A. Hartman">Hartman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evan_G._Galbraith" title="Evan G. Galbraith">Galbraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_M._Rodgers" title="Joe M. Rodgers">Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Curley" title="Walter Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Harriman" title="Pamela Harriman">Harriman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Rohatyn" title="Felix Rohatyn">Rohatyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_H._Leach" title="Howard H. Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Roberts_Stapleton" title="Craig Roberts Stapleton">Stapleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rivkin" title="Charles Rivkin">Rivkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_D._Hartley" title="Jane D. Hartley">Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_McCourt" title="Jamie McCourt">McCourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Bauer" title="Denise Bauer">Bauer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_James_Madison_(1809–1817)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Madison_cabinet" title="Template:Madison cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Madison_cabinet" title="Template talk:Madison cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Madison_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Madison cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_James_Madison_(1809–1817)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> (1809–1817)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(Cabinet_member)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Smith (Cabinet member)">Robert Smith</a> (1809–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> (1811–1817)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/James_Madison.jpg/100px-James_Madison.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/James_Madison.jpg/150px-James_Madison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/James_Madison.jpg/200px-James_Madison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2465" data-file-height="3000" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Albert Gallatin</a> (1809–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Campbell" title="George W. Campbell">George W. Campbell</a> (1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Alexander J. Dallas</a> (1814–1816)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a> (1816–1817)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">William Eustis</a> (1809–1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Armstrong_Jr." title="John Armstrong Jr.">John Armstrong Jr.</a> (1813–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> (1814–1815)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a> (1815–1816)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Augustus_Rodney" title="Caesar Augustus Rodney">Caesar Augustus Rodney</a> (1809–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney" title="William Pinkney">William Pinkney</a> (1811–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a> (1814–1817)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hamilton_(politician)" title="Paul Hamilton (politician)">Paul Hamilton</a> (1809–1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(statesman)" title="William Jones (statesman)">William Jones</a> (1813–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Williams_Crowninshield" title="Benjamin Williams Crowninshield">Benjamin Williams Crowninshield</a> (1814–1817)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_James_Monroe_(1817–1825)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monroe_cabinet" title="Template:Monroe cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monroe_cabinet" title="Template talk:Monroe cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monroe_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monroe cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_James_Monroe_(1817–1825)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> (1817–1825)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a> (1817)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jamesmonroe-npgallery.jpg/100px-Jamesmonroe-npgallery.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jamesmonroe-npgallery.jpg/150px-Jamesmonroe-npgallery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jamesmonroe-npgallery.jpg/200px-Jamesmonroe-npgallery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="310" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a> (1817)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wirt_(Attorney_General)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Wirt (Attorney General)">William Wirt</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Williams_Crowninshield" title="Benjamin Williams Crowninshield">Benjamin Williams Crowninshield</a> (1817–1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">Smith Thompson</a> (1819–1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Samuel L. Southard</a> (1823–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1820)_1824_United_States_presidential_election_(1828_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1824 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1824 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1824 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1820)_1824_United_States_presidential_election_(1828_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election" title="1820 United States presidential election">← 1820</a>) <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #008000;"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican<br />Party</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #68C468;"><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Party" title="National Republican Party">Adams-Clay faction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nominees" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a></b> <small>(eliminated in contingent election)</small></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Sanford" title="Nathan Sanford">Nathan Sanford</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #698DC5;"><a href="/wiki/Jacksonian_democracy" title="Jacksonian democracy">Jacksonian faction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nominees" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></b></li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF9955;"><a href="/wiki/Tertium_quids" title="Tertium quids">Tertium quids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nominees" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a></b></li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Nathaniel Macon</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">Smith Thompson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Other 1824 elections:</b> <a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election#1825_contingent_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">Contingent election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_and_1825_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1824 and 1825 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_and_1825_United_States_Senate_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1824 and 1825 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Unsuccessful_major_party_pres_candidates" title="Template:Unsuccessful major party pres candidates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unsuccessful_major_party_pres_candidates" title="Template talk:Unsuccessful major party pres candidates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Unsuccessful_major_party_pres_candidates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Unsuccessful major party pres candidates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-top:.3em; padding-bottom:.6em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> (<a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a> (<a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cotesworth_Pinckney" title="Charles Cotesworth Pinckney">Charles C. Pinckney</a> (<a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a>, <a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeWitt_Clinton" title="DeWitt Clinton">DeWitt Clinton</a> (<a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_King" title="Rufus King">Rufus King</a> (<a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> (<a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a> (<a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a> (<a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>, <a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a>, <a href="/wiki/1844_United_States_presidential_election" title="1844 United States presidential election">1844</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a> (<a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> (<a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Lawson_White" title="Hugh Lawson White">Hugh Lawson White</a> (<a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> (<a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Lewis Cass</a> (<a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott" title="Winfield Scott">Winfield Scott</a> (<a href="/wiki/1852_United_States_presidential_election" title="1852 United States presidential election">1852</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">John C. Frémont</a> (<a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Douglas" title="Stephen A. Douglas">Stephen A. Douglas</a> (<a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._McClellan" title="George B. McClellan">George B. McClellan</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_McClellan_1864_presidential_campaign" title="George McClellan 1864 presidential campaign">1864</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour" title="Horatio Seymour">Horatio Seymour</a> (<a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour_1868_presidential_campaign" title="Horatio Seymour 1868 presidential campaign">1868</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley" title="Horace Greeley">Horace Greeley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley_1872_presidential_campaign" title="Horace Greeley 1872 presidential campaign">1872</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Tilden" title="Samuel J. Tilden">Samuel J. Tilden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samuel_Tilden_1876_presidential_campaign" title="Samuel Tilden 1876 presidential campaign">1876</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock" title="Winfield Scott Hancock">Winfield Scott Hancock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock_1880_presidential_campaign" title="Winfield Scott Hancock 1880 presidential campaign">1880</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> (<a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_1888_presidential_campaign" title="Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign">1888</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> (<a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">William J. Bryan</a> (<a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_1896_presidential_campaign" title="William Jennings Bryan 1896 presidential campaign">1896</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_1900_presidential_campaign" title="William Jennings Bryan 1900 presidential campaign">1900</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_1908_presidential_campaign" title="William Jennings Bryan 1908 presidential campaign">1908</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Alton B. Parker</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker_1904_presidential_campaign" title="Alton B. Parker 1904 presidential campaign">1904</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> (<a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Charles Evans Hughes</a> (<a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Cox" title="James M. Cox">James M. Cox</a> (<a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis" title="John W. Davis">John W. Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Al Smith</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Smith_1928_presidential_campaign" title="Al Smith 1928 presidential campaign">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> (<a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Alf Landon</a> (<a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a> (<a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Thomas E. Dewey</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a>, <a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson</a> (<a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a>, <a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election">1956</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon_1960_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Nixon 1960 presidential campaign">1960</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a> (<a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">1964</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey_1968_presidential_campaign" title="Hubert Humphrey 1968 presidential campaign">1968</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">George McGovern</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_McGovern_1972_presidential_campaign" title="George McGovern 1972 presidential campaign">1972</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford_1976_presidential_campaign" title="Gerald Ford 1976 presidential campaign">1976</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign" title="Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign">1980</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale_1984_presidential_campaign" title="Walter Mondale 1984 presidential campaign">1984</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Michael Dukakis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis_1988_presidential_campaign" title="Michael Dukakis 1988 presidential campaign">1988</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1992_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign">1992</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bob Dole 1996 presidential campaign">1996</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Gore_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Al Gore 2000 presidential campaign">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">2004</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_McCain_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John McCain 2008 presidential campaign">2008</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign">2012</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">2016</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (<a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign">2024</a>)</li></ol></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_presidential_candidates_by_year" title="Category:United States presidential candidates by year">All presidential candidates</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidents</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States presidential elections">Third-party candidates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Democratic-Republican_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Template:Democratic-Republican Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Template talk:Democratic-Republican Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic-Republican Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Democratic-Republican_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Administration_party" title="Anti-Administration party">Anti-Administration Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Federalism" title="Anti-Federalism">Anti-Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Party_System" title="First Party System">First Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_democracy" title="Jeffersonian democracy">Jeffersonian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_Good_Feelings" title="Era of Good Feelings">Era of Good Feelings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">Presidency of Thomas Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Madison" title="Presidency of James Madison">Presidency of James Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Monroe" title="Presidency of James Monroe">Presidency of James Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertium_quids" title="Tertium quids">Tertium quids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party#Presidential_elections" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Presidential<br />tickets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Burr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Burr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(vice_president)" title="George Clinton (vice president)">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(vice_president)" title="George Clinton (vice president)">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Gerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">Monroe</a>/<a href="/wiki/Daniel_D._Tompkins" title="Daniel D. Tompkins">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election" title="1820 United States presidential election">1820</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">Monroe</a>/<a href="/wiki/Daniel_D._Tompkins" title="Daniel D. Tompkins">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crawford</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nathan_Sanford" title="Nathan Sanford">Sanford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House<br />speakers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Muhlenberg" title="Frederick Muhlenberg">Frederick Muhlenberg</a> (1793–1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Nathaniel Macon</a> (1801–1807)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradley_Varnum" title="Joseph Bradley Varnum">Joseph Bradley Varnum</a> (1807–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a> (1811–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdon_Cheves" title="Langdon Cheves">Langdon Cheves</a> (1814–1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a> (1815–1820)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Taylor_(politician)" title="John W. Taylor (politician)">John W. Taylor</a> (1820–1821)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_P._Barbour" title="Philip P. Barbour">Philip P. Barbour</a> (1821–1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a> (1823–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">U.S. Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> (1790–1794)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Sr." title="Levi Lincoln Sr.">Levi Lincoln Sr.</a> (1801)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> (1801–1809)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(Cabinet_member)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Smith (Cabinet member)">Robert Smith</a> (1809–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> (1811–1817)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Graham_(diplomat)" title="John Graham (diplomat)">John Graham</a> (1817)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gallatin" title="Albert Gallatin">Albert Gallatin</a> (1801–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Campbell" title="George W. Campbell">George W. Campbell</a> (1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Alexander J. Dallas</a> (1814–1816)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(statesman)" title="William Jones (statesman)">William Jones</a> (1816)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a> (1816–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dearborn" title="Henry Dearborn">Henry Dearborn</a> (1801–1809)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">William Eustis</a> (1809–1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Armstrong_Jr." title="John Armstrong Jr.">John Armstrong Jr.</a> (1813–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> (1814–1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(statesman)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (statesman)">Alexander J. Dallas</a> (1815)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William H. Crawford</a> (1815–1816)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Graham_(soldier)" title="George Graham (soldier)">George Graham</a> (1816–1817)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Sr." title="Levi Lincoln Sr.">Levi Lincoln Sr.</a> (1801–1805)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breckinridge_(U.S._Attorney_General)" title="John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General)">John Breckinridge</a> (1805–1806)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Augustus_Rodney" title="Caesar Augustus Rodney">Caesar Augustus Rodney</a> (1807–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney" title="William Pinkney">William Pinkney</a> (1811–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wirt_(Attorney_General)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Wirt (Attorney General)">William Wirt</a> (1817–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(Cabinet_member)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Smith (Cabinet member)">Robert Smith</a> (1801–1809)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hamilton_(politician)" title="Paul Hamilton (politician)">Paul Hamilton</a> (1809–1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(statesman)" title="William Jones (statesman)">William Jones</a> (1813–1814)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Williams_Crowninshield" title="Benjamin Williams Crowninshield">Benjamin Williams Crowninshield</a> (1815–1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">Smith Thompson</a> (1819–1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Samuel L. Southard</a> (1823–1825)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175877#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175877#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175877#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000025748489">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/77711013">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/139223/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtcFxmWXdhdFTwgTPR3Qq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Crawford, William Harris"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1286740347">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84054922">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p130681547">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007454937405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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