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class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Fred Eller</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Fred" data-follow-user-id="32527465" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" 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class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32527465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_and_Its_Impact_on_Food_Security_and_Agriculture"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/FredEller","location":"/FredEller","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/FredEller","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" 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data-work-id="109248457"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248457/Pilot_scale_supercritical_carbon_dioxide_extraction_and_fractionation_of_wheat_germ_oil"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pilot-scale supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and fractionation of wheat germ oil" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107431902/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248457/Pilot_scale_supercritical_carbon_dioxide_extraction_and_fractionation_of_wheat_germ_oil">Pilot-scale supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and fractionation of wheat germ oil</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society</span><span>, Oct 1, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="211694de993918faea45d42055348d53" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107431902,"asset_id":109248457,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107431902/download_file?st=MTczMjQzNzU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248457"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span 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coppiced wood of thirteen tree species for use in horticultural substrates" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107430636/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248456/Physical_and_chemical_characterization_of_biochars_produced_from_coppiced_wood_of_thirteen_tree_species_for_use_in_horticultural_substrates">Physical and chemical characterization of biochars produced from coppiced wood of thirteen tree species for use in horticultural substrates</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Industrial Crops and Products</span><span>, Apr 1, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="884dc89310593156d5c41762b7fac7b5" class="wp-workCard--action" 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wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248452/Frost_Grape_Polysaccharide_FGP_an_Emulsion_Forming_Arabinogalactan_Gum_from_the_Stems_of_Native_North_American_Grape_Species_Vitis_riparia_Michx">Frost Grape Polysaccharide (FGP), an Emulsion-Forming Arabinogalactan Gum from the Stems of Native North American Grape Species Vitis riparia Michx</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</span><span>, Aug 11, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the N...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the North American grape species Vitis riparia (Frost grape). The sugar composition consists of l-arabinofuranose (l-Araf, 55.2%) and d-galactopyranose (d-Galp 30.1%), with smaller components of d-xylose (11.2%), d-mannose (3.5%), and glucuronic acid (GlcA, ∼2%), the latter linked via a galactosyl residue. Permethylation identified 3-linked Galp residues, some substituted at the 2-position with Galp or Manp, terminal Araf and Xylp, and an internal 3-substituted Araf. NMR (HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, DOSY) identified βGalp and three αAraf spin systems, in an Araf-α1,3-Araf-α1,2-Araf-α1,2-Galp structural motif. Diffusion-ordered NMR showed that the FGP has a molecular weight of 1-10 MDa. Unlike gum arabic, the FGP does not contain a hydroxyproline-rich protein (HPRP). FGP forms stable gels at &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;15% w/v and at 1-12% solutions are viscous and are excellent emulsifiers of flavoring oils (grapefruit, clove, and lemongrass), giving stable emulsions for ≥72 h. Lower concentrations (0.1% w/v) were less viscous, yet still gave stable grapefruit oil/water emulsions. Hence, FGP is a β1,3-linked arabinogalactan with potential as a gum arabic replacement in the food and beverage industries.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248452"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248452"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248452; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248452]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248452]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248452; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248452']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248452, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248452]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248452,"title":"Frost Grape Polysaccharide (FGP), an Emulsion-Forming Arabinogalactan Gum from the Stems of Native North American Grape Species Vitis riparia Michx","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the North American grape species Vitis riparia (Frost grape). The sugar composition consists of l-arabinofuranose (l-Araf, 55.2%) and d-galactopyranose (d-Galp 30.1%), with smaller components of d-xylose (11.2%), d-mannose (3.5%), and glucuronic acid (GlcA, ∼2%), the latter linked via a galactosyl residue. Permethylation identified 3-linked Galp residues, some substituted at the 2-position with Galp or Manp, terminal Araf and Xylp, and an internal 3-substituted Araf. NMR (HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, DOSY) identified βGalp and three αAraf spin systems, in an Araf-α1,3-Araf-α1,2-Araf-α1,2-Galp structural motif. Diffusion-ordered NMR showed that the FGP has a molecular weight of 1-10 MDa. Unlike gum arabic, the FGP does not contain a hydroxyproline-rich protein (HPRP). FGP forms stable gels at \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;15% w/v and at 1-12% solutions are viscous and are excellent emulsifiers of flavoring oils (grapefruit, clove, and lemongrass), giving stable emulsions for ≥72 h. Lower concentrations (0.1% w/v) were less viscous, yet still gave stable grapefruit oil/water emulsions. Hence, FGP is a β1,3-linked arabinogalactan with potential as a gum arabic replacement in the food and beverage industries.","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publication_date":{"day":11,"month":8,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},"translated_abstract":"A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the North American grape species Vitis riparia (Frost grape). The sugar composition consists of l-arabinofuranose (l-Araf, 55.2%) and d-galactopyranose (d-Galp 30.1%), with smaller components of d-xylose (11.2%), d-mannose (3.5%), and glucuronic acid (GlcA, ∼2%), the latter linked via a galactosyl residue. Permethylation identified 3-linked Galp residues, some substituted at the 2-position with Galp or Manp, terminal Araf and Xylp, and an internal 3-substituted Araf. NMR (HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, DOSY) identified βGalp and three αAraf spin systems, in an Araf-α1,3-Araf-α1,2-Araf-α1,2-Galp structural motif. Diffusion-ordered NMR showed that the FGP has a molecular weight of 1-10 MDa. Unlike gum arabic, the FGP does not contain a hydroxyproline-rich protein (HPRP). FGP forms stable gels at \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;15% w/v and at 1-12% solutions are viscous and are excellent emulsifiers of flavoring oils (grapefruit, clove, and lemongrass), giving stable emulsions for ≥72 h. Lower concentrations (0.1% w/v) were less viscous, yet still gave stable grapefruit oil/water emulsions. Hence, FGP is a β1,3-linked arabinogalactan with potential as a gum arabic replacement in the food and beverage industries.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109248452/Frost_Grape_Polysaccharide_FGP_an_Emulsion_Forming_Arabinogalactan_Gum_from_the_Stems_of_Native_North_American_Grape_Species_Vitis_riparia_Michx","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-16T08:22:33.204-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32527465,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Frost_Grape_Polysaccharide_FGP_an_Emulsion_Forming_Arabinogalactan_Gum_from_the_Stems_of_Native_North_American_Grape_Species_Vitis_riparia_Michx","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":32527465,"first_name":"Fred","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Eller","page_name":"FredEller","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-25T04:18:28.562-07:00","display_name":"Fred Eller","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FredEller"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":139486,"name":"Sugar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sugar"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES"},{"id":477103,"name":"Emulsions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emulsions"},{"id":596974,"name":"Agricultural and Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_and_Food_Chemistry"},{"id":651380,"name":"Vitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vitis"},{"id":1724844,"name":"Molecular Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Structure"},{"id":2467564,"name":"Carbohydrate Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbohydrate_Sequence"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data"},{"id":2512849,"name":"polysaccharide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/polysaccharide"}],"urls":[{"id":35439229,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02316"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="109248451"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248451/Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tomato seed germination and transplant growth in a commercial potting substrate amended with nutrient-preconditioned Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood biochar" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248451/Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar">Tomato seed germination and transplant growth in a commercial potting substrate amended with nutrient-preconditioned Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood biochar</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientia Horticulturae</span><span>, Apr 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for tra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for transplants use lightweight materials including peat moss, vermiculite and perlite. Because these materials lack sufficient nutrients, slow-release synthetic fertilizers are added which have sustained release patterns that are sufficient to maintain optimal plant growth until the plants are placed in gardens. Biochar has physical and chemical properties (e.g., light weight, high water and nutrient absorption capacity) which allow it to be both a significant component of soilless potting substrates as well as acting as a slow-release fertilizer when preconditioned with nutrients, either from inorganic or organic sources. Biochar produced in a kiln from Eastern red cedar (ERC, Juniperus virginiana L.) wood was found to have high porosity, potentially allowing it to absorb large amounts of nutrients and subsequently re-release the nutrients over an extended period of time, allowing it to be utilized in slow-release fertilizers for transplant substrates. Experimental slow-release fertilizers were produced from ERC biochar that were infused under a vacuum with both a commercial synthetic hydroponic fertilizer and an organic fish-emulsion liquid fertilizer. Seed germination, seedling growth and transplant growth parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Red Robin’) plants grown in a commercial peat moss-based potting substrate supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 % (v%/v%) of both organic and inorganic fertilizer-infused ERC biochar were examined, utilizing commercially-available slow-release chemical fertilizers as the control. When utilized as a starter substrate, seed germination was significantly inhibited in both 20 % ERC biochar substrates. When used as a transplant substrate, fresh weights of tomato plants grown with 10 and 20 % inorganic biochar fertilizer, and dry weights of these treatments as well as the 20 % organic biochar fertilizer were similar to the control. Final plant heights with both 20 % inorganic and organic ERC biochar fertilizers were equal to the control, with SPAD values (indicating chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of the plants) was highest in plants grown in 20 % inorganic biochar. These results indicate that ERC biochar has potential as a slow-release fertilizer for both starter and transplant substrates when preconditioned with both inorganic and organic fertilizers, although the higher levels of preconditioned ERC biochar should not be used in starter substrates.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248451"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248451"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248451; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248451]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248451]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248451; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248451']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248451, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248451]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248451,"title":"Tomato seed germination and transplant growth in a commercial potting substrate amended with nutrient-preconditioned Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood biochar","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for transplants use lightweight materials including peat moss, vermiculite and perlite. Because these materials lack sufficient nutrients, slow-release synthetic fertilizers are added which have sustained release patterns that are sufficient to maintain optimal plant growth until the plants are placed in gardens. Biochar has physical and chemical properties (e.g., light weight, high water and nutrient absorption capacity) which allow it to be both a significant component of soilless potting substrates as well as acting as a slow-release fertilizer when preconditioned with nutrients, either from inorganic or organic sources. Biochar produced in a kiln from Eastern red cedar (ERC, Juniperus virginiana L.) wood was found to have high porosity, potentially allowing it to absorb large amounts of nutrients and subsequently re-release the nutrients over an extended period of time, allowing it to be utilized in slow-release fertilizers for transplant substrates. Experimental slow-release fertilizers were produced from ERC biochar that were infused under a vacuum with both a commercial synthetic hydroponic fertilizer and an organic fish-emulsion liquid fertilizer. Seed germination, seedling growth and transplant growth parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Red Robin’) plants grown in a commercial peat moss-based potting substrate supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 % (v%/v%) of both organic and inorganic fertilizer-infused ERC biochar were examined, utilizing commercially-available slow-release chemical fertilizers as the control. When utilized as a starter substrate, seed germination was significantly inhibited in both 20 % ERC biochar substrates. When used as a transplant substrate, fresh weights of tomato plants grown with 10 and 20 % inorganic biochar fertilizer, and dry weights of these treatments as well as the 20 % organic biochar fertilizer were similar to the control. Final plant heights with both 20 % inorganic and organic ERC biochar fertilizers were equal to the control, with SPAD values (indicating chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of the plants) was highest in plants grown in 20 % inorganic biochar. These results indicate that ERC biochar has potential as a slow-release fertilizer for both starter and transplant substrates when preconditioned with both inorganic and organic fertilizers, although the higher levels of preconditioned ERC biochar should not be used in starter substrates.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":4,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Scientia Horticulturae"},"translated_abstract":"Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for transplants use lightweight materials including peat moss, vermiculite and perlite. Because these materials lack sufficient nutrients, slow-release synthetic fertilizers are added which have sustained release patterns that are sufficient to maintain optimal plant growth until the plants are placed in gardens. Biochar has physical and chemical properties (e.g., light weight, high water and nutrient absorption capacity) which allow it to be both a significant component of soilless potting substrates as well as acting as a slow-release fertilizer when preconditioned with nutrients, either from inorganic or organic sources. Biochar produced in a kiln from Eastern red cedar (ERC, Juniperus virginiana L.) wood was found to have high porosity, potentially allowing it to absorb large amounts of nutrients and subsequently re-release the nutrients over an extended period of time, allowing it to be utilized in slow-release fertilizers for transplant substrates. Experimental slow-release fertilizers were produced from ERC biochar that were infused under a vacuum with both a commercial synthetic hydroponic fertilizer and an organic fish-emulsion liquid fertilizer. Seed germination, seedling growth and transplant growth parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Red Robin’) plants grown in a commercial peat moss-based potting substrate supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 % (v%/v%) of both organic and inorganic fertilizer-infused ERC biochar were examined, utilizing commercially-available slow-release chemical fertilizers as the control. When utilized as a starter substrate, seed germination was significantly inhibited in both 20 % ERC biochar substrates. When used as a transplant substrate, fresh weights of tomato plants grown with 10 and 20 % inorganic biochar fertilizer, and dry weights of these treatments as well as the 20 % organic biochar fertilizer were similar to the control. Final plant heights with both 20 % inorganic and organic ERC biochar fertilizers were equal to the control, with SPAD values (indicating chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of the plants) was highest in plants grown in 20 % inorganic biochar. These results indicate that ERC biochar has potential as a slow-release fertilizer for both starter and transplant substrates when preconditioned with both inorganic and organic fertilizers, although the higher levels of preconditioned ERC biochar should not be used in starter substrates.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109248451/Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-16T08:22:32.811-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32527465,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":32527465,"first_name":"Fred","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Eller","page_name":"FredEller","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-25T04:18:28.562-07:00","display_name":"Fred Eller","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FredEller"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1037,"name":"Agronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agronomy"},{"id":10023,"name":"BIOCHAR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BIOCHAR"},{"id":158596,"name":"Fertilizer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fertilizer"},{"id":244969,"name":"Nutrient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrient"},{"id":315117,"name":"Germination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germination"},{"id":574074,"name":"Coir","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coir"},{"id":1398833,"name":"Vermiculite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vermiculite"},{"id":2212150,"name":"Potting Soil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potting_Soil"},{"id":2674671,"name":"Horticultural production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horticultural_production"}],"urls":[{"id":35439227,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.109947"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="109248450"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248450/Topical_Wound_Healing_Effects_and_Phytochemical_Composition_of_Heartwood_Essential_Oils_ofJuniperus_virginianaL_Juniperus_occidentalisHook_andJuniperus_asheiJ_Buchholz"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Topical Wound-Healing Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Heartwood Essential Oils ofJuniperus virginianaL.,Juniperus occidentalisHook., andJuniperus asheiJ. Buchholz" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107441018/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248450/Topical_Wound_Healing_Effects_and_Phytochemical_Composition_of_Heartwood_Essential_Oils_ofJuniperus_virginianaL_Juniperus_occidentalisHook_andJuniperus_asheiJ_Buchholz">Topical Wound-Healing Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Heartwood Essential Oils ofJuniperus virginianaL.,Juniperus occidentalisHook., andJuniperus asheiJ. Buchholz</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Medicinal Food</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="434b3a993c267aa0d30ff94091a2419f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107441018,"asset_id":109248450,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107441018/download_file?st=MTczMjQzNzU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248450"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248450"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248450; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248450]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248450]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248450; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248450']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248450, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "434b3a993c267aa0d30ff94091a2419f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248450]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248450,"title":"Topical Wound-Healing Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Heartwood Essential Oils ofJuniperus virginianaL.,Juniperus occidentalisHook., andJuniperus asheiJ. 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Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248447/Forecasting_Emergence_of_Adult_Yellowheaded_Spruce_Sawflies_Hymenoptera_Tenthredinidae_">Forecasting Emergence of Adult Yellowheaded Spruce Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Entomology</span><span>, Jun 1, 1984</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonem...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), from the overwintering cocoon stage required 343 degree-days (SE = 13.1). The last date of snow cover was used as the starting date for accumulating degree-days. The accumulation was based on soil temperatures predicted from daily minimum and maximum air temperatures. Using a lower developmental threshold of 16°C (SE = 0.5), the median dates of emergence for the years 1978 to 1983, inclusive, were predicted. Predicted dates of emergence averaged 0.3 days earlier than actual dates, using the predicted soil temperature at a depth of 0.1 em. Yearly differences between predicted and observed dates ranged from 0 to 6 days, but actual emergence extended over 40 days.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248447"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248447"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248447; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248447]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248447]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248447; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248447']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248447, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248447]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248447,"title":"Forecasting Emergence of Adult Yellowheaded Spruce Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), from the overwintering cocoon stage required 343 degree-days (SE = 13.1). The last date of snow cover was used as the starting date for accumulating degree-days. The accumulation was based on soil temperatures predicted from daily minimum and maximum air temperatures. Using a lower developmental threshold of 16°C (SE = 0.5), the median dates of emergence for the years 1978 to 1983, inclusive, were predicted. Predicted dates of emergence averaged 0.3 days earlier than actual dates, using the predicted soil temperature at a depth of 0.1 em. Yearly differences between predicted and observed dates ranged from 0 to 6 days, but actual emergence extended over 40 days.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":1984,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Environmental Entomology"},"translated_abstract":"We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), from the overwintering cocoon stage required 343 degree-days (SE = 13.1). The last date of snow cover was used as the starting date for accumulating degree-days. The accumulation was based on soil temperatures predicted from daily minimum and maximum air temperatures. Using a lower developmental threshold of 16°C (SE = 0.5), the median dates of emergence for the years 1978 to 1983, inclusive, were predicted. Predicted dates of emergence averaged 0.3 days earlier than actual dates, using the predicted soil temperature at a depth of 0.1 em. 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alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interference by Methyl Levulinate in Determination of Total Fat in Low-Fat,High-Sugar Products by Gas Chromatographic Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (GC-FAME) Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107430635/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248446/Interference_by_Methyl_Levulinate_in_Determination_of_Total_Fat_in_Low_Fat_High_Sugar_Products_by_Gas_Chromatographic_Fatty_Acid_Methyl_Ester_GC_FAME_Analysis">Interference by Methyl Levulinate in Determination of Total Fat in Low-Fat,High-Sugar Products by Gas Chromatographic Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (GC-FAME) Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of AOAC International</span><span>, May 1, 1999</span></div><div 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/></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248427/Preparation_of_Spread_Oils_Meeting_U_S_Food_and_Drug_Administration_Labeling_Requirements_forTransFatty_Acids_via_Pressure_Controlled_Hydrogenation">Preparation of Spread Oils Meeting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Labeling Requirements forTransFatty Acids via Pressure-Controlled Hydrogenation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</span><span>, Jul 1, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for tra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for trans fatty acid (TFA) labeling. By January 1, 2006, the TFA content of foods must be labeled as a separate line on the Nutrition Facts label. Products containing &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/14 g serving may be declared as zero. This paper describes technologies allowing compliance with TFA labeling requirements. Soybean oil was hydrogenated in a 2-L vessel at temperatures ranging from 120 to 170 degrees C at a hydrogen pressure of 200 psi. A commercial nickel-supported catalyst (25% Ni) was used at 0.02% Ni by weight of oil. The hydrogenated oils were characterized for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting point. Compared to commercially processed soybean oil basestocks that typically contain approximately 40% TFA, those obtained at lower temperatures and higher pressures contain &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;56% less TFA. Basestocks prepared in the laboratory when blended with liquid soybean oil will yield spread oils meeting FDA labeling requirements for zero TFA, that is, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/serving.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248427"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248427"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248427; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248427]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248427]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248427; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248427']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248427, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248427]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248427,"title":"Preparation of Spread Oils Meeting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Labeling Requirements forTransFatty Acids via Pressure-Controlled Hydrogenation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for trans fatty acid (TFA) labeling. By January 1, 2006, the TFA content of foods must be labeled as a separate line on the Nutrition Facts label. Products containing \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/14 g serving may be declared as zero. This paper describes technologies allowing compliance with TFA labeling requirements. Soybean oil was hydrogenated in a 2-L vessel at temperatures ranging from 120 to 170 degrees C at a hydrogen pressure of 200 psi. A commercial nickel-supported catalyst (25% Ni) was used at 0.02% Ni by weight of oil. The hydrogenated oils were characterized for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting point. Compared to commercially processed soybean oil basestocks that typically contain approximately 40% TFA, those obtained at lower temperatures and higher pressures contain \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;56% less TFA. Basestocks prepared in the laboratory when blended with liquid soybean oil will yield spread oils meeting FDA labeling requirements for zero TFA, that is, \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/serving.","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":7,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},"translated_abstract":"On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for trans fatty acid (TFA) labeling. By January 1, 2006, the TFA content of foods must be labeled as a separate line on the Nutrition Facts label. Products containing \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/14 g serving may be declared as zero. This paper describes technologies allowing compliance with TFA labeling requirements. Soybean oil was hydrogenated in a 2-L vessel at temperatures ranging from 120 to 170 degrees C at a hydrogen pressure of 200 psi. A commercial nickel-supported catalyst (25% Ni) was used at 0.02% Ni by weight of oil. The hydrogenated oils were characterized for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting point. Compared to commercially processed soybean oil basestocks that typically contain approximately 40% TFA, those obtained at lower temperatures and higher pressures contain \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;56% less TFA. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/109248426/Purification_of_1_2_diacylglycerols_from_vegetable_oils_Comparison_of_molecular_distillation_and_liquid_CO2_extraction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Purification of 1,2-diacylglycerols from vegetable oils: Comparison of molecular distillation and liquid CO2 extraction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107430611/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248426/Purification_of_1_2_diacylglycerols_from_vegetable_oils_Comparison_of_molecular_distillation_and_liquid_CO2_extraction">Purification of 1,2-diacylglycerols from vegetable oils: Comparison of molecular distillation and liquid CO2 extraction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Industrial Crops and Products</span><span>, Sep 1, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="92ed7a99afc94176b7055d8cd3f443f8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107430611,"asset_id":109248426,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107430611/download_file?st=MTczMjQzNzU3NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248426"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item 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href="https://www.academia.edu/109248457/Pilot_scale_supercritical_carbon_dioxide_extraction_and_fractionation_of_wheat_germ_oil">Pilot-scale supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and fractionation of wheat germ oil</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society</span><span>, Oct 1, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="211694de993918faea45d42055348d53" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107431902,"asset_id":109248457,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107431902/download_file?st=MTczMjQzNzU3NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQzNzU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" 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wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248452/Frost_Grape_Polysaccharide_FGP_an_Emulsion_Forming_Arabinogalactan_Gum_from_the_Stems_of_Native_North_American_Grape_Species_Vitis_riparia_Michx">Frost Grape Polysaccharide (FGP), an Emulsion-Forming Arabinogalactan Gum from the Stems of Native North American Grape Species Vitis riparia Michx</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</span><span>, Aug 11, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the N...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the North American grape species Vitis riparia (Frost grape). The sugar composition consists of l-arabinofuranose (l-Araf, 55.2%) and d-galactopyranose (d-Galp 30.1%), with smaller components of d-xylose (11.2%), d-mannose (3.5%), and glucuronic acid (GlcA, ∼2%), the latter linked via a galactosyl residue. Permethylation identified 3-linked Galp residues, some substituted at the 2-position with Galp or Manp, terminal Araf and Xylp, and an internal 3-substituted Araf. NMR (HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, DOSY) identified βGalp and three αAraf spin systems, in an Araf-α1,3-Araf-α1,2-Araf-α1,2-Galp structural motif. Diffusion-ordered NMR showed that the FGP has a molecular weight of 1-10 MDa. Unlike gum arabic, the FGP does not contain a hydroxyproline-rich protein (HPRP). FGP forms stable gels at &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;15% w/v and at 1-12% solutions are viscous and are excellent emulsifiers of flavoring oils (grapefruit, clove, and lemongrass), giving stable emulsions for ≥72 h. Lower concentrations (0.1% w/v) were less viscous, yet still gave stable grapefruit oil/water emulsions. Hence, FGP is a β1,3-linked arabinogalactan with potential as a gum arabic replacement in the food and beverage industries.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248452"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248452"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248452; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248452]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248452]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248452; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248452']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248452, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248452]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248452,"title":"Frost Grape Polysaccharide (FGP), an Emulsion-Forming Arabinogalactan Gum from the Stems of Native North American Grape Species Vitis riparia Michx","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the North American grape species Vitis riparia (Frost grape). The sugar composition consists of l-arabinofuranose (l-Araf, 55.2%) and d-galactopyranose (d-Galp 30.1%), with smaller components of d-xylose (11.2%), d-mannose (3.5%), and glucuronic acid (GlcA, ∼2%), the latter linked via a galactosyl residue. Permethylation identified 3-linked Galp residues, some substituted at the 2-position with Galp or Manp, terminal Araf and Xylp, and an internal 3-substituted Araf. NMR (HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, DOSY) identified βGalp and three αAraf spin systems, in an Araf-α1,3-Araf-α1,2-Araf-α1,2-Galp structural motif. Diffusion-ordered NMR showed that the FGP has a molecular weight of 1-10 MDa. Unlike gum arabic, the FGP does not contain a hydroxyproline-rich protein (HPRP). FGP forms stable gels at \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;15% w/v and at 1-12% solutions are viscous and are excellent emulsifiers of flavoring oils (grapefruit, clove, and lemongrass), giving stable emulsions for ≥72 h. Lower concentrations (0.1% w/v) were less viscous, yet still gave stable grapefruit oil/water emulsions. Hence, FGP is a β1,3-linked arabinogalactan with potential as a gum arabic replacement in the food and beverage industries.","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publication_date":{"day":11,"month":8,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},"translated_abstract":"A new arabinogalactan is described that is produced in large quantity from the cut stems of the North American grape species Vitis riparia (Frost grape). The sugar composition consists of l-arabinofuranose (l-Araf, 55.2%) and d-galactopyranose (d-Galp 30.1%), with smaller components of d-xylose (11.2%), d-mannose (3.5%), and glucuronic acid (GlcA, ∼2%), the latter linked via a galactosyl residue. Permethylation identified 3-linked Galp residues, some substituted at the 2-position with Galp or Manp, terminal Araf and Xylp, and an internal 3-substituted Araf. NMR (HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, DOSY) identified βGalp and three αAraf spin systems, in an Araf-α1,3-Araf-α1,2-Araf-α1,2-Galp structural motif. Diffusion-ordered NMR showed that the FGP has a molecular weight of 1-10 MDa. Unlike gum arabic, the FGP does not contain a hydroxyproline-rich protein (HPRP). FGP forms stable gels at \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;15% w/v and at 1-12% solutions are viscous and are excellent emulsifiers of flavoring oils (grapefruit, clove, and lemongrass), giving stable emulsions for ≥72 h. Lower concentrations (0.1% w/v) were less viscous, yet still gave stable grapefruit oil/water emulsions. Hence, FGP is a β1,3-linked arabinogalactan with potential as a gum arabic replacement in the food and beverage industries.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109248452/Frost_Grape_Polysaccharide_FGP_an_Emulsion_Forming_Arabinogalactan_Gum_from_the_Stems_of_Native_North_American_Grape_Species_Vitis_riparia_Michx","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-16T08:22:33.204-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32527465,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Frost_Grape_Polysaccharide_FGP_an_Emulsion_Forming_Arabinogalactan_Gum_from_the_Stems_of_Native_North_American_Grape_Species_Vitis_riparia_Michx","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":32527465,"first_name":"Fred","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Eller","page_name":"FredEller","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-25T04:18:28.562-07:00","display_name":"Fred Eller","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FredEller"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":139486,"name":"Sugar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sugar"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES"},{"id":477103,"name":"Emulsions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emulsions"},{"id":596974,"name":"Agricultural and Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_and_Food_Chemistry"},{"id":651380,"name":"Vitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vitis"},{"id":1724844,"name":"Molecular Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Structure"},{"id":2467564,"name":"Carbohydrate Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbohydrate_Sequence"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data"},{"id":2512849,"name":"polysaccharide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/polysaccharide"}],"urls":[{"id":35439229,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02316"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="109248451"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248451/Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tomato seed germination and transplant growth in a commercial potting substrate amended with nutrient-preconditioned Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood biochar" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248451/Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar">Tomato seed germination and transplant growth in a commercial potting substrate amended with nutrient-preconditioned Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood biochar</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientia Horticulturae</span><span>, Apr 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for tra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for transplants use lightweight materials including peat moss, vermiculite and perlite. Because these materials lack sufficient nutrients, slow-release synthetic fertilizers are added which have sustained release patterns that are sufficient to maintain optimal plant growth until the plants are placed in gardens. Biochar has physical and chemical properties (e.g., light weight, high water and nutrient absorption capacity) which allow it to be both a significant component of soilless potting substrates as well as acting as a slow-release fertilizer when preconditioned with nutrients, either from inorganic or organic sources. Biochar produced in a kiln from Eastern red cedar (ERC, Juniperus virginiana L.) wood was found to have high porosity, potentially allowing it to absorb large amounts of nutrients and subsequently re-release the nutrients over an extended period of time, allowing it to be utilized in slow-release fertilizers for transplant substrates. Experimental slow-release fertilizers were produced from ERC biochar that were infused under a vacuum with both a commercial synthetic hydroponic fertilizer and an organic fish-emulsion liquid fertilizer. Seed germination, seedling growth and transplant growth parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Red Robin’) plants grown in a commercial peat moss-based potting substrate supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 % (v%/v%) of both organic and inorganic fertilizer-infused ERC biochar were examined, utilizing commercially-available slow-release chemical fertilizers as the control. When utilized as a starter substrate, seed germination was significantly inhibited in both 20 % ERC biochar substrates. When used as a transplant substrate, fresh weights of tomato plants grown with 10 and 20 % inorganic biochar fertilizer, and dry weights of these treatments as well as the 20 % organic biochar fertilizer were similar to the control. Final plant heights with both 20 % inorganic and organic ERC biochar fertilizers were equal to the control, with SPAD values (indicating chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of the plants) was highest in plants grown in 20 % inorganic biochar. These results indicate that ERC biochar has potential as a slow-release fertilizer for both starter and transplant substrates when preconditioned with both inorganic and organic fertilizers, although the higher levels of preconditioned ERC biochar should not be used in starter substrates.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248451"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248451"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248451; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248451]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248451]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248451; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248451']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248451, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248451]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248451,"title":"Tomato seed germination and transplant growth in a commercial potting substrate amended with nutrient-preconditioned Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) wood biochar","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for transplants use lightweight materials including peat moss, vermiculite and perlite. Because these materials lack sufficient nutrients, slow-release synthetic fertilizers are added which have sustained release patterns that are sufficient to maintain optimal plant growth until the plants are placed in gardens. Biochar has physical and chemical properties (e.g., light weight, high water and nutrient absorption capacity) which allow it to be both a significant component of soilless potting substrates as well as acting as a slow-release fertilizer when preconditioned with nutrients, either from inorganic or organic sources. Biochar produced in a kiln from Eastern red cedar (ERC, Juniperus virginiana L.) wood was found to have high porosity, potentially allowing it to absorb large amounts of nutrients and subsequently re-release the nutrients over an extended period of time, allowing it to be utilized in slow-release fertilizers for transplant substrates. Experimental slow-release fertilizers were produced from ERC biochar that were infused under a vacuum with both a commercial synthetic hydroponic fertilizer and an organic fish-emulsion liquid fertilizer. Seed germination, seedling growth and transplant growth parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Red Robin’) plants grown in a commercial peat moss-based potting substrate supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 % (v%/v%) of both organic and inorganic fertilizer-infused ERC biochar were examined, utilizing commercially-available slow-release chemical fertilizers as the control. When utilized as a starter substrate, seed germination was significantly inhibited in both 20 % ERC biochar substrates. When used as a transplant substrate, fresh weights of tomato plants grown with 10 and 20 % inorganic biochar fertilizer, and dry weights of these treatments as well as the 20 % organic biochar fertilizer were similar to the control. Final plant heights with both 20 % inorganic and organic ERC biochar fertilizers were equal to the control, with SPAD values (indicating chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of the plants) was highest in plants grown in 20 % inorganic biochar. These results indicate that ERC biochar has potential as a slow-release fertilizer for both starter and transplant substrates when preconditioned with both inorganic and organic fertilizers, although the higher levels of preconditioned ERC biochar should not be used in starter substrates.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":4,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Scientia Horticulturae"},"translated_abstract":"Abstract Most soilless substrates currently used by the greenhouse and nursery industries for transplants use lightweight materials including peat moss, vermiculite and perlite. Because these materials lack sufficient nutrients, slow-release synthetic fertilizers are added which have sustained release patterns that are sufficient to maintain optimal plant growth until the plants are placed in gardens. Biochar has physical and chemical properties (e.g., light weight, high water and nutrient absorption capacity) which allow it to be both a significant component of soilless potting substrates as well as acting as a slow-release fertilizer when preconditioned with nutrients, either from inorganic or organic sources. Biochar produced in a kiln from Eastern red cedar (ERC, Juniperus virginiana L.) wood was found to have high porosity, potentially allowing it to absorb large amounts of nutrients and subsequently re-release the nutrients over an extended period of time, allowing it to be utilized in slow-release fertilizers for transplant substrates. Experimental slow-release fertilizers were produced from ERC biochar that were infused under a vacuum with both a commercial synthetic hydroponic fertilizer and an organic fish-emulsion liquid fertilizer. Seed germination, seedling growth and transplant growth parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Red Robin’) plants grown in a commercial peat moss-based potting substrate supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 % (v%/v%) of both organic and inorganic fertilizer-infused ERC biochar were examined, utilizing commercially-available slow-release chemical fertilizers as the control. When utilized as a starter substrate, seed germination was significantly inhibited in both 20 % ERC biochar substrates. When used as a transplant substrate, fresh weights of tomato plants grown with 10 and 20 % inorganic biochar fertilizer, and dry weights of these treatments as well as the 20 % organic biochar fertilizer were similar to the control. Final plant heights with both 20 % inorganic and organic ERC biochar fertilizers were equal to the control, with SPAD values (indicating chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of the plants) was highest in plants grown in 20 % inorganic biochar. These results indicate that ERC biochar has potential as a slow-release fertilizer for both starter and transplant substrates when preconditioned with both inorganic and organic fertilizers, although the higher levels of preconditioned ERC biochar should not be used in starter substrates.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109248451/Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-16T08:22:32.811-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32527465,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Tomato_seed_germination_and_transplant_growth_in_a_commercial_potting_substrate_amended_with_nutrient_preconditioned_Eastern_red_cedar_Juniperus_virginiana_L_wood_biochar","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":32527465,"first_name":"Fred","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Eller","page_name":"FredEller","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-25T04:18:28.562-07:00","display_name":"Fred Eller","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FredEller"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1037,"name":"Agronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agronomy"},{"id":10023,"name":"BIOCHAR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BIOCHAR"},{"id":158596,"name":"Fertilizer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fertilizer"},{"id":244969,"name":"Nutrient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrient"},{"id":315117,"name":"Germination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germination"},{"id":574074,"name":"Coir","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coir"},{"id":1398833,"name":"Vermiculite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vermiculite"},{"id":2212150,"name":"Potting Soil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potting_Soil"},{"id":2674671,"name":"Horticultural production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horticultural_production"}],"urls":[{"id":35439227,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.109947"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="109248450"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248450/Topical_Wound_Healing_Effects_and_Phytochemical_Composition_of_Heartwood_Essential_Oils_ofJuniperus_virginianaL_Juniperus_occidentalisHook_andJuniperus_asheiJ_Buchholz"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Topical Wound-Healing Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Heartwood Essential Oils ofJuniperus virginianaL.,Juniperus occidentalisHook., andJuniperus asheiJ. Buchholz" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107441018/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248450/Topical_Wound_Healing_Effects_and_Phytochemical_Composition_of_Heartwood_Essential_Oils_ofJuniperus_virginianaL_Juniperus_occidentalisHook_andJuniperus_asheiJ_Buchholz">Topical Wound-Healing Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Heartwood Essential Oils ofJuniperus virginianaL.,Juniperus occidentalisHook., andJuniperus asheiJ. Buchholz</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Medicinal Food</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="434b3a993c267aa0d30ff94091a2419f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":107441018,"asset_id":109248450,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/107441018/download_file?st=MTczMjQzNzU3NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQzNzU3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248450"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248450"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248450; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248450]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248450]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248450; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248450']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248450, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "434b3a993c267aa0d30ff94091a2419f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248450]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248450,"title":"Topical Wound-Healing Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Heartwood Essential Oils ofJuniperus virginianaL.,Juniperus occidentalisHook., andJuniperus asheiJ. 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Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248447/Forecasting_Emergence_of_Adult_Yellowheaded_Spruce_Sawflies_Hymenoptera_Tenthredinidae_">Forecasting Emergence of Adult Yellowheaded Spruce Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Entomology</span><span>, Jun 1, 1984</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonem...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), from the overwintering cocoon stage required 343 degree-days (SE = 13.1). The last date of snow cover was used as the starting date for accumulating degree-days. The accumulation was based on soil temperatures predicted from daily minimum and maximum air temperatures. Using a lower developmental threshold of 16°C (SE = 0.5), the median dates of emergence for the years 1978 to 1983, inclusive, were predicted. Predicted dates of emergence averaged 0.3 days earlier than actual dates, using the predicted soil temperature at a depth of 0.1 em. Yearly differences between predicted and observed dates ranged from 0 to 6 days, but actual emergence extended over 40 days.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248447"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248447"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248447; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248447]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248447]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248447; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248447']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248447, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248447]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248447,"title":"Forecasting Emergence of Adult Yellowheaded Spruce Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), from the overwintering cocoon stage required 343 degree-days (SE = 13.1). The last date of snow cover was used as the starting date for accumulating degree-days. The accumulation was based on soil temperatures predicted from daily minimum and maximum air temperatures. Using a lower developmental threshold of 16°C (SE = 0.5), the median dates of emergence for the years 1978 to 1983, inclusive, were predicted. Predicted dates of emergence averaged 0.3 days earlier than actual dates, using the predicted soil temperature at a depth of 0.1 em. Yearly differences between predicted and observed dates ranged from 0 to 6 days, but actual emergence extended over 40 days.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":1984,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Environmental Entomology"},"translated_abstract":"We determined in a laboratory study that emergence of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), from the overwintering cocoon stage required 343 degree-days (SE = 13.1). The last date of snow cover was used as the starting date for accumulating degree-days. The accumulation was based on soil temperatures predicted from daily minimum and maximum air temperatures. Using a lower developmental threshold of 16°C (SE = 0.5), the median dates of emergence for the years 1978 to 1983, inclusive, were predicted. Predicted dates of emergence averaged 0.3 days earlier than actual dates, using the predicted soil temperature at a depth of 0.1 em. Yearly differences between predicted and observed dates ranged from 0 to 6 days, but actual emergence extended over 40 days.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109248447/Forecasting_Emergence_of_Adult_Yellowheaded_Spruce_Sawflies_Hymenoptera_Tenthredinidae_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-16T08:22:29.873-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32527465,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Forecasting_Emergence_of_Adult_Yellowheaded_Spruce_Sawflies_Hymenoptera_Tenthredinidae_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":32527465,"first_name":"Fred","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Eller","page_name":"FredEller","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-25T04:18:28.562-07:00","display_name":"Fred 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alt="Research paper thumbnail of Interference by Methyl Levulinate in Determination of Total Fat in Low-Fat,High-Sugar Products by Gas Chromatographic Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (GC-FAME) Analysis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107430635/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248446/Interference_by_Methyl_Levulinate_in_Determination_of_Total_Fat_in_Low_Fat_High_Sugar_Products_by_Gas_Chromatographic_Fatty_Acid_Methyl_Ester_GC_FAME_Analysis">Interference by Methyl Levulinate in Determination of Total Fat in Low-Fat,High-Sugar Products by Gas Chromatographic Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (GC-FAME) Analysis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of AOAC International</span><span>, May 1, 1999</span></div><div 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/></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/109248427/Preparation_of_Spread_Oils_Meeting_U_S_Food_and_Drug_Administration_Labeling_Requirements_forTransFatty_Acids_via_Pressure_Controlled_Hydrogenation">Preparation of Spread Oils Meeting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Labeling Requirements forTransFatty Acids via Pressure-Controlled Hydrogenation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</span><span>, Jul 1, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for tra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for trans fatty acid (TFA) labeling. By January 1, 2006, the TFA content of foods must be labeled as a separate line on the Nutrition Facts label. Products containing &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/14 g serving may be declared as zero. This paper describes technologies allowing compliance with TFA labeling requirements. Soybean oil was hydrogenated in a 2-L vessel at temperatures ranging from 120 to 170 degrees C at a hydrogen pressure of 200 psi. A commercial nickel-supported catalyst (25% Ni) was used at 0.02% Ni by weight of oil. The hydrogenated oils were characterized for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting point. Compared to commercially processed soybean oil basestocks that typically contain approximately 40% TFA, those obtained at lower temperatures and higher pressures contain &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;56% less TFA. Basestocks prepared in the laboratory when blended with liquid soybean oil will yield spread oils meeting FDA labeling requirements for zero TFA, that is, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/serving.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="109248427"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="109248427"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248427; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248427]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=109248427]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 109248427; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='109248427']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 109248427, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=109248427]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":109248427,"title":"Preparation of Spread Oils Meeting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Labeling Requirements forTransFatty Acids via Pressure-Controlled Hydrogenation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for trans fatty acid (TFA) labeling. By January 1, 2006, the TFA content of foods must be labeled as a separate line on the Nutrition Facts label. Products containing \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/14 g serving may be declared as zero. This paper describes technologies allowing compliance with TFA labeling requirements. Soybean oil was hydrogenated in a 2-L vessel at temperatures ranging from 120 to 170 degrees C at a hydrogen pressure of 200 psi. A commercial nickel-supported catalyst (25% Ni) was used at 0.02% Ni by weight of oil. The hydrogenated oils were characterized for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting point. Compared to commercially processed soybean oil basestocks that typically contain approximately 40% TFA, those obtained at lower temperatures and higher pressures contain \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;56% less TFA. Basestocks prepared in the laboratory when blended with liquid soybean oil will yield spread oils meeting FDA labeling requirements for zero TFA, that is, \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/serving.","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":7,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},"translated_abstract":"On July 11, 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced final regulations for trans fatty acid (TFA) labeling. By January 1, 2006, the TFA content of foods must be labeled as a separate line on the Nutrition Facts label. Products containing \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/14 g serving may be declared as zero. This paper describes technologies allowing compliance with TFA labeling requirements. Soybean oil was hydrogenated in a 2-L vessel at temperatures ranging from 120 to 170 degrees C at a hydrogen pressure of 200 psi. A commercial nickel-supported catalyst (25% Ni) was used at 0.02% Ni by weight of oil. The hydrogenated oils were characterized for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting point. Compared to commercially processed soybean oil basestocks that typically contain approximately 40% TFA, those obtained at lower temperatures and higher pressures contain \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;56% less TFA. Basestocks prepared in the laboratory when blended with liquid soybean oil will yield spread oils meeting FDA labeling requirements for zero TFA, that is, \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.5 g of TFA/serving.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109248427/Preparation_of_Spread_Oils_Meeting_U_S_Food_and_Drug_Administration_Labeling_Requirements_forTransFatty_Acids_via_Pressure_Controlled_Hydrogenation","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-11-16T08:22:14.878-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32527465,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Preparation_of_Spread_Oils_Meeting_U_S_Food_and_Drug_Administration_Labeling_Requirements_forTransFatty_Acids_via_Pressure_Controlled_Hydrogenation","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":32527465,"first_name":"Fred","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Eller","page_name":"FredEller","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-06-25T04:18:28.562-07:00","display_name":"Fred Eller","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FredEller"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":85636,"name":"Food Labeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Labeling"},{"id":125733,"name":"Hydrogenation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogenation"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES"},{"id":291038,"name":"Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure"},{"id":486713,"name":"Fatty Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatty_Acid"},{"id":596974,"name":"Agricultural and Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_and_Food_Chemistry"},{"id":867000,"name":"Trans Fat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trans_Fat"},{"id":867001,"name":"Trans Fatty Acids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trans_Fatty_Acids"},{"id":1116631,"name":"Soybean Oil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soybean_Oil"},{"id":1119466,"name":"Food and Drug Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Drug_Administration"},{"id":1218335,"name":"Margarine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Margarine"},{"id":2700441,"name":"food handling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/food_handling"}],"urls":[{"id":35439209,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf047849+"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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