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class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-許敬宗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#許敬宗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>許敬宗</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-許敬宗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-李義府" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#李義府"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>李義府</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-李義府-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关李義府子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-李義府-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-少子湛" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#少子湛"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>少子湛</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-少子湛-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-史臣曰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#史臣曰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>史臣曰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-史臣曰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-贊曰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#贊曰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>贊曰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-贊曰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=zh" title="上传文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="所有特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&oldid=491120" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8%2F%E5%8D%B782&id=491120&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8" title="舊唐書">舊唐書</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="headerContainer"> <table style="width:100%; margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:3px;border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); color: inherit;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:0; text-align:left; font-size:small;">← </td> <td style="width:25%; text-align:left; font-size:small;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B781" title="舊唐書/卷81">卷81</a> </td> <td style="width:50%;"><b>舊唐書</b><br />卷82<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#999999)">作者：</span><a href="/wiki/Author:%E5%8A%89%E6%98%AB" title="Author:劉昫">劉昫</a> </td> <td style="width:25%; text-align:right; font-size:small;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B783" title="舊唐書/卷83">卷83</a> </td> <td class="noprint" style="width:0; text-align:right; font-size:small;">→ </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; background:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#F8FCFF); color: inherit;font-size:small; border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0)"> <tbody><tr> <td>○許敬宗　李義府少子湛<ul id="plainSister" style="display:inline-block; font-size:93%; line-height:normal; list-style-type:none; list-style-image:none; list-style-position:outside; border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); float:right; clear:right; margin:0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex; padding:0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex; background-color:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF);color: inherit;"><li class="noprint sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5" title="Special:网站矩阵"><img alt="姊妹计划" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/18px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/27px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/36px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5" title="Special:网站矩阵">姊妹计划</a>: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85487765" class="extiw" title="d:Q85487765">数据项</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="許敬宗"><span id=".E8.A8.B1.E6.95.AC.E5.AE.97"></span>許敬宗</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：許敬宗"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>許敬宗，杭州新城人，隋禮部侍郎善心子也。其先自高陽南渡，世仕江左。敬宗幼善屬文，舉秀才，授淮陽郡司法書佐，俄直謁者台，奏通事舍人事。江都之難，善心為宇文化及所害。敬宗流轉，投於李密，密以為元帥府記室，與魏徵同為管記。武德初，赤牒擬漣州別駕。太宗聞其名，召補秦府學士。貞觀八年，累除著作郎，兼修國史，遷中書舍人。十年，文德皇后崩，百官縗絰。率更令歐陽詢狀貌醜異，眾或指之，敬宗見而大笑，為御史所劾，左授洪州都督府司馬。累遷給事中，兼修國史。十七年，以修《武德》、《貞觀實錄》成，封高陽縣男，賜物八百段，權檢校黃門侍郎。高宗在春宮，遷太子右庶子。十九年，太宗親伐高麗，皇太子定州監國，敬宗與高士廉等共知機要。中書令岑文本卒於行所，令敬宗以本官檢校中書侍郎。太宗大破遼賊於駐蹕山，敬宗立於馬前受旨草詔書，詞彩甚麗，深見嗟賞。先是，庶人承乾廢黜，宮僚多被除削，久未收敘。敬宗上表曰：「臣聞先王慎罰，務在於恤刑，往哲寬仁，義在於宥過。聖人之道，莫尚於茲。竊見廢官，五品以上，除名棄斥，頗歷歲時。但庶人疇昔之年，身處不疑之地，苞藏悖逆，陰結宰臣，所預奸謀，多連宗戚。禍生慮表，非可防萌，宮內官僚，迥無關預。今乃投鼠及器，孰謂無冤？焚山毀玉，稍同遷怒。伏尋先典，例有可原。昔吳國陪臣，則爰絲不坐於劉濞；昌邑中尉，則王吉免緣於海昏。譬諸欒布，乃策名於彭越；比乎田叔，亦委質於張敖。主以凶逆，陷其誅夷；臣以賢良，荷彼收擢。歷觀往代，此類尤多。近者有隋，又遵斯義。楊勇之廢，罪止加於佞人，李綱之徒，皆不預於刑網。古今裁其折衷，史籍稱為美談。而今張玄素、令狐德棻、趙弘智、裴宣機、蕭鈞等，並砥節勵操，有雅望於當朝；經明行修，播令名於天下。或以直言而遭箠撲，或以忤意而見猜嫌，一概雷同，並罹天憲，恐於王道，傷在未弘。」由是玄素等稍得敘用。二十一年，加銀青光祿大夫。 </p><p>高宗嗣位，代於志寧為禮部尚書。敬宗嫁女與蠻酋馮盎之子，多納金寶，為有司所劾，左授鄭州刺史。永徽三年，入為衛尉卿，加弘文館學士，兼修國史。六年，復拜禮部尚書，高宗將廢皇后王氏而立武昭儀，敬宗特贊成其計。長孫無忌、褚遂良、韓瑗等並直言忤旨，敬宗與李義府潛加誣構，並流死於嶺外。顯慶元年，加太子賓客，尋冊拜侍中，監修國史。三年，進封郡公，尋贈其父善心為冀州刺史。高宗因於古長安城遊覽，問侍臣曰：「朕觀故城舊基，宮室似與百姓雜居，自秦、漢已來，幾代都此？」敬宗對曰：「秦都咸陽，郭邑連跨渭水，故云『渭水貫都，以象天河。』至漢惠帝始築此城，其後苻堅、姚萇、後周並都之。」帝又問：「昆明池是漢武帝何年中開鑿？」敬宗對曰：「武帝遣使通西南夷，而為昆明滇池所閉，欲伐昆明國，故因鎬之舊澤，以穿此池，用習水戰，元狩三年事也。」帝因令敬宗與弘文館學士具檢秦、漢已來歷代宮室處所以奏。其年，代李義府為中書令，任遇之重，當朝莫比。龍朔二年，從新令改為右相，加光祿大夫。三年，冊拜太子少師、同東西台三品，並依舊監修國史。乾封初，以敬宗年老，不能行步，特令與司空李勣，每朝日各乘小馬入禁門至內省。 </p><p>敬宗自掌知國史，記事阿曲。初，虞世基與敬宗父善心同為宇文化及所害，封德彝時為內史舍人，備見其事，因謂人曰：「世基被誅，世南匍匐而請代；善心之死，敬宗舞蹈以求生。」人以為口實，敬宗深銜之，及為德彝立傳，盛加其罪惡。敬宗嫁女與左監門大將軍錢九隴，本皇家隸人，敬宗貪財與婚，乃為九隴曲敘門閥，妄加功績，並升與劉文靜、長孫順德同卷。敬宗為子娶尉遲寶琳孫女為妻，多得賂遺，及作寶琳父敬德傳，悉為隱諸過咎。太宗作《威鳳賦》以賜長孫無忌，敬宗改雲賜敬德。白州人龐孝泰，蠻酋凡品，率兵從征高麗，賊知其懦，襲破之。敬宗又納其寶貨，稱孝泰頻破賊徒，斬獲數萬。漢將驍健者，唯蘇定方與龐孝泰耳，曹繼叔、劉伯英皆出其下。虛美隱惡如此！初，高祖、太宗兩朝實錄，其敬播所修者，頗多詳直，敬宗又輒以己愛憎曲事刪改，論者尤之。然自貞觀已來，朝廷所修《五代史》及《晉書》、《東殿新書》、《西域圖志》、《文思博要》、《文館詞林》、《累璧》、《瑤山玉彩》《姓氏錄》、《新禮》，皆總知其事，前後賞賚，不可勝紀。敬宗好色無度。其長子昂頗有才藻，歷位太子舍人。母裴氏早卒。裴侍婢有姿色，敬宗嬖之，以為繼室，假姓虞氏。昂素與通，烝之不絕，敬宗怒黜虞氏，加昂以不孝，奏請流於嶺外。顯慶中，表乞昂還，除虔化令，尋卒。咸亨元年，抗表乞骸骨，詔聽致仕，仍加特進，俸祿如舊。三年薨，年八十一。高宗為之舉哀，廢朝三日，詔文武百官就第赴哭，冊贈開府儀同三司、揚州大都督，陪葬昭陵。文集八十捲。太常將定謚，博士袁思古議曰：「敬宗位以才升，歷居清級，然棄長子於荒徼，嫁少女於夷落。聞《詩》學《禮》，事絕於趨庭；納采問名，唯聞於黷貨。白圭斯玷，有累清塵，易名之典，須憑實行。按謚法『名與實爽曰繆』，請謚為『繆』。」敬宗孫、太子舍人彥伯不勝其恥，與思古大相忿競，又稱思古與許氏先有嫌隙，請改謚官。太常博士王福畤議曰：「謚者，飾終之稱也，得失一朝，榮辱千載。若使嫌隙是實，即合據法推繩；如其不虧直道，義不可奪，官不可侵。二三其德，何以言禮？福畤忝當官守，匪躬之故。若順風阿意，背直從曲，更是甲令虛設，將謂禮院無人，何以激揚雅道，顧視同列！請依思古謚議為定。」戶部尚書戴至德謂福畤曰：「高陽公任遇如此，何以定謚為『繆』？」答曰：「昔晉司空何曾薨，太常博士秦秀謚為繆丑公。何曾既忠且孝，徒以日食萬錢，所以貶為繆丑。況敬宗忠孝不逮於曾，飲食男女之累，有逾於何氏，而謚之為『繆』，無負於許氏矣。」時有詔令尚書省五品已上重議，禮部尚書袁思敬議稱：「按謚法『既過能改曰恭』，請謚曰『恭』。」詔從其議。彥伯，昂之子，起家著作郎。敬宗末年文筆，多令彥伯代作。又納婢妾讒言，奏流於嶺表，後遇赦得還，除太子舍人。早卒，有集十捲。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="李義府"><span id=".E6.9D.8E.E7.BE.A9.E5.BA.9C"></span>李義府</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：李義府"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>李義府，瀛州饒陽人也。其祖為梓州射洪縣丞，因家於永泰。貞觀八年，劍南道巡察大使李大亮以義府善屬文，表薦之。對策擢第，補門下省典儀。黃門侍郎劉洎、侍書御史馬周皆稱薦之，尋除監察御史。又敕義府以本官兼侍晉王。及升春宮，除太子舍人，加崇賢館直學士，與太子司議郎來濟俱以文翰見知，時稱來、李。義府嘗獻《承華箴》，其辭曰： </p><p>邃初冥昧，元氣氤氳。二儀始闡，三才既分。司乾立宰，出《震》為君。化昭淳樸，道映典墳。功成揖讓，事極華、勳。肇興夏啟，降及姬文。咸資繼德，永樹高芬。百代沿襲，千齡奉聖。粵若我後，丕承寶命。允穆三階，爰齊七政。時雍化洽，風移俗盛。載崇國本，式延家慶。《震》維標德，《離》警體正。寄切宗祧，事隆監撫。思皇茂則，敬詢端輔。業光啟、誦，藝優干羽。九載崇儒，三朝問豎，歷選儲儀，遺文在斯。望試登俎，高諭喬枝。俯容思順，非禮無施。前修盛業，來哲通規。飭躬是蹈，則叡問風馳；立志或爽，則玄猷日虧。無恃尊極，修途難測；無恃親賢，失德靡全。勿輕小善，積小而名自聞；勿輕微行，累微而身自正。佞諛有類，邪巧多方。其萌不絕，其害必彰。監言斯屏，儲業攸昌。竊惟令嗣，有殊前事。雖以貴以賢，而非長非次。皇明眷德，超倫作貳。匪懋聲華，莫酬恩異。匪崇徽烈，莫符天志。勉之又勉，光茲守器。下臣司箴，敢告近侍。 </p><p>太子表上其文，優詔賜帛四十匹，又令預撰《晉書》。高宗嗣位，遷中書舍人。永徽二年，兼修國史，加弘文館學士。高宗將立武昭儀為皇后，義府嘗密申協贊，尋擢拜中書侍郎、同中書門下三品，監修國史，賜爵廣平縣男。 </p><p>義府貌狀溫恭，與人語必嬉怡微笑，而褊忌陰賊。既處權要，欲人附己，微忤意者，輒加傾陷。故時人言義府笑中有刀，又以其柔而害物，亦謂之「李貓。」顯慶元年，以本官兼太子右庶子，進爵為侯。有洛州婦人淳于氏，坐奸繫於大理，義府聞其姿色，囑大理丞畢正義求為別宅婦，特為雪其罪。卿段寶玄疑其故，遽以狀聞，詔令按其事，正義惶懼自縊而死。侍御史王義方廷奏義府犯狀，因言其初容貌為劉洎、馬周所幸，由此得進，言詞猥褻。帝怒，出義方為萊州司戶，而不問義府奸濫之罪。義府云：「王御史妄相彈奏，得無愧乎？」義方對云：「仲尼為魯司寇七日，誅少正卯於兩觀之下；義方任御史旬有六日，不能去奸邪於雙闕之前，實以為愧。」尋兼太子左庶子。二年，代崔敦禮為中書令，兼檢校御史大夫，監修國史、學士並如故。尋加太子賓客，進封河間郡公。三年，又追贈其父德晟為魏州刺史，諸子孩抱者並列清官，詔為造甲第，榮寵莫之能比。而義府貪冒無厭，與母、妻及諸子、女婿賣官鬻獄，其門如市。多引腹心，廣樹朋黨，傾動朝野。初，杜正倫為中書侍郎，義府時任典儀，至是乃與正倫同為中書令。正倫每以先進自處，不下義府，而中書侍郎李友益密與正倫共圖議義府，更相伺察。義府知而密令人封奏其事。正倫與義府訟於上前，各有曲直。上以大臣不和，兩責之，左貶義府為普州刺史，正倫為橫州刺史，友益配流峰州。四年，復召義府兼吏部尚書、同中書門下三品，自余官封如故。龍朔元年，丁母憂去職。二年，起復為司列太常伯、同東西台三品。義府尋請改葬其祖父，營墓於永康陵側。三原令李孝節私課丁夫車牛，為其載土築墳，晝夜不息。於是高陵、櫟陽、富平、雲陽、華原、同官、涇陽等七縣，以孝節之故，懼不得已，悉課丁車赴役。高陵令張敬業恭勤怯懦，不堪其勞，死於作所。王公已下，爭致贈遺，其羽儀、導從、轜輶、器服，並窮極奢侈。又會葬車馬祖奠供帳，自灞橋屬於三原，七十里間，相繼不絕。武德已來，王公葬送之盛，未始有也。義府本無藻鑑才，怙武後之勢，專以賣官為事。銓序失次，人多怨讟。時殷王初出閣，又以義府兼王府長史。三年，遷右相，殷王府長史仍知選事並如故。義府入則諂言自媚，出則肆其奸宄，百僚畏之，無敢言其過者。帝頗知其罪失，從容誡義府云：「聞卿兒子、女婿皆不謹慎，多作罪過，我亦為卿掩覆，未即公言，卿可誡勖，勿令如此。」義府勃然變色，腮頸俱起，徐曰：「誰向陛下道此？」上曰：「但我言如是，何須問我所從得耶！」義府睆然，殊不引咎，緩步而去。上亦優容之。初，五禮儀注，自前代相沿，吉凶畢舉。太常博士蕭楚材、孔志約以皇室凶禮為預備凶事，非臣子所宜言之。義府深然之。於是悉刪而焚焉。義府既貴之後，又自言本出趙郡，始與諸李敘昭穆，而無賴之徒苟合，藉其權勢，拜伏為兄叔者甚眾。給事中李崇德初亦與同譜敘昭穆，及義府出為普州刺史，遂即除削。義府聞而銜之，及重為宰相，乃令人誣構其罪，竟下獄自殺。初，貞觀中，太宗命吏部尚書高士廉、御史大夫韋挺、中書侍郎岑文本、禮部侍郎令狐德棻等及四方士大夫諳練門閥者修《氏族志》，勒成百卷，升降去取，時稱允當，頒下諸州，藏為永式。義府恥其家代無名，乃奏改此書，專委禮部郎中孔志約、著作郎楊仁卿、太子洗馬史玄道、太常丞呂才重修。志約等遂立格云：「皇朝得五品官者，皆升士流。」於是兵卒以軍功致五品者，盡入書限，更名為《姓氏錄》。由是搢紳士大夫多恥被甄敘，皆號此書為「勳格」。義府仍奏收天下《氏族志》本焚之。關東魏、齊舊姓，雖皆淪替，猶相矜尚，自為婚姻。義府為子求婚不得，乃奏隴西李等七家，不得相與為婚。 </p><p>陰陽占候人杜元紀為義府望氣，雲「所居宅有獄氣，發積錢二千萬乃可厭勝。」義府信之，聚斂更急切。義府居母服，有制朔望給哭假，義府輒微服與元紀凌晨共出城東，登古冢候望，哀禮都廢。由是人皆言其窺覘災眚，陰懷異圖。義府又遣其子右司議郎津，召長孫無忌之孫延，謂曰：「相為得一官，數日詔書當出。」居五日，果授延司津監，乃取延錢七百貫。於是右金吾倉曹參軍楊行穎表言義府罪狀，制下司刑太常伯劉祥道與侍御詳刑對推其事，仍令司空李勣監焉。按皆有實，乃下制曰：「右相、行殷王府長史、河間郡公李義府，洩禁中之語，鬻寵授之朝恩；交占候之人，輕朔望之哀禮。蓄邪黷貨，實玷衣冠；稔惡嫉賢，載虧政道。特以任使多年，未忍便加重罰，宜從遐棄，以肅朝倫。可除名長流巂州。其子太子右司議郎津，專恃權門，罕懷忌憚，姦淫是務，賄賂無厭，交遊非所，潛報機密，亦宜明罰，屏跡荒裔。可除名長流振州。」義府次子率府長史洽、千牛備身洋、子婿少府主簿柳元貞等，皆憑恃受贓，併除名長流延州。朝野莫不稱慶，時人為之語曰：「今日巨唐年，還誅四凶族。」四凶者，謂洽及柳元貞等四人也。或作《河間道行軍元帥劉祥道破銅山大賊李義府露布》，榜之通衢。義府先多取人奴婢，及敗，一時奔散，各歸其家。《露布》稱「混奴婢而亂放，各識家而競入」者，謂此也。乾封元年，大赦，長流人不許還，義府憂憤發疾卒，年五十餘。文集三十捲，傳於代；又著《宦遊記》二十捲，尋亡失。自義府流放後，朝士常憂懼，恐其復來，及聞其死，於是始安。 </p><p>上元元年，大赦，義府妻子得還洛陽。如意元年，則天以義府與許敬宗、御史大夫崔義玄、中書舍人王德儉、大理正侯善業、大理丞袁公瑜等六人，在永徽中有翊贊之功，追贈義府揚州大都督，義玄益州大都督，德儉魏州刺史，公瑜江州刺史。長安元年，又賜義府子左千牛衛將軍湛及敬宗諸子實封各三百戶，義玄子司賓卿基、德儉子殿中監璇實封各二百五十戶，善業子太子右庶子知一、公瑜子殿中丞忠臣實封各二百戶。睿宗即位，景雲元年，並停義府等六家實封。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="少子湛"><span id=".E5.B0.91.E5.AD.90.E6.B9.9B"></span>少子湛</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：少子湛"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>義府少子湛，年六歲時，以父貴授周王文學。神龍初，累遷右散騎常侍，襲封河間郡公。時鳳閣侍郎張柬之將誅張易之兄弟，遂引湛為左羽林將軍，令與敬暉等啟請皇太子，備陳將誅易之兄弟意，太子許之。及兵發，湛與右羽林大將軍李多祚等詣東宮迎皇太子，拒而不時出，湛進啟曰：「逆豎反道亂常，將圖不軌，宗社危敗，實在須臾。湛等諸將與南衙執事剋期誅翦，伏願殿下暫至玄武門，以副眾望。」太子曰：「凶豎悖亂，誠合誅夷，然聖躬不豫，慮有驚動。公等且止，以俟後圖。」湛曰：「諸將棄家族，共宰相同心戮力，匡輔社稷，殿下奈何不哀其懇誠而欲陷之鼎鑊？湛等微命，雖不足惜，殿下速出自止遏。」太子乃馳馬就路。湛從至玄武門，斬關而入，率所部兵直至則天所寢長生殿，環繞侍衛。因奏：「臣等奉令誅逆賊易之、昌宗，恐有漏洩，遂不獲預奏，輒陳兵禁掖，是臣等死罪。」則天謂湛曰：「卿亦是誅易之軍將耶？我於汝父子恩不少，何至是也！」則天移就上陽宮，因留湛宿衛。中宗即位，拜右羽林大將軍，進封趙國公，加實封通前滿五百戶。頃之，復授左散騎常侍，累轉左領軍衛大將軍。開元初卒。崔義玄別有傳。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="史臣曰"><span id=".E5.8F.B2.E8.87.A3.E6.9B.B0"></span>史臣曰</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：史臣曰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>史臣曰：許高陽武德之際，已為文皇入館之賓，垂三十年，位不過列曹尹；而馬周、劉洎起羈旅徒步，六七年間，皆登宰執。考其行實，則高陽之文學宏奧，周、洎無以過之，然而太宗任遇相殊者，良以高陽才優而行薄故也。及屬嗣君沖暗，嬖妾奸邪，阿附豺狼，窺圖權軸，人之凶險，一至於斯。仲尼所謂「雖有周公之才，不足觀也。」義府才思精密，所謂「猩猩能言」，鄙哉！ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="贊曰"><span id=".E8.B4.8A.E6.9B.B0"></span>贊曰</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B782&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：贊曰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>贊曰：貞觀文士，高陽、河間。圖形學館，染翰書山。進身以筆，得位由奸。為虎傅翼，即又胡顏。 </p> <table class="ws-noexport noprint" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#a3d3ff); background-color: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff); width:100%; margin-bottom:0px; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20%" align="left">　 </td> <td> 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