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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Rupert Ortner</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Rupert Ortner"> <meta name="keywords" content="Rupert Ortner"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Rupert Ortner"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Rupert Ortner</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Brain-Computer Interface System for Lower Extremity Rehabilitation of Chronic Stroke Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marc%20Sebasti%C3%A1n-Romagosa">Marc Sebastián-Romagosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woosang%20Cho"> Woosang Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Ortner"> Rupert Ortner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christy%20Li"> Christy Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christoph%20Guger"> Christoph Guger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neurorehabilitation based on Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) shows important rehabilitation effects for patients after stroke. Previous studies have shown improvements for patients that are in a chronic stage and/or have severe hemiparesis and are particularly challenging for conventional rehabilitation techniques. For this publication, seven stroke patients in the chronic phase with hemiparesis in the lower extremity were recruited. All of them participated in 25 BCI sessions about 3 times a week. The BCI system was based on the Motor Imagery (MI) of the paretic ankle dorsiflexion and healthy wrist dorsiflexion with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) and avatar feedback. Assessments were conducted to assess the changes in motor improvement before, after and during the rehabilitation training. Our primary measures used for the assessment were the 10-meters walking test (10MWT), Range of Motion (ROM) of the ankle dorsiflexion and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Results show a significant increase in the gait speed in the primary measure 10MWT fast velocity of 0.18 m/s IQR = [0.12 to 0.2], P = 0.016. The speed in the TUG was also significantly increased by 0.1 m/s IQR = [0.09 to 0.11], P = 0.031. The active ROM assessment increased 4.65º, and IQR = [ 1.67 - 7.4], after rehabilitation training, P = 0.029. These functional improvements persisted at least one month after the end of the therapy. These outcomes show the feasibility of this BCI approach for chronic stroke patients and further support the growing consensus that these types of tools might develop into a new paradigm for rehabilitation tools for stroke patients. However, the results are from only seven chronic stroke patients, so the authors believe that this approach should be further validated in broader randomized controlled studies involving more patients. MI and FES-based non-invasive BCIs are showing improvement in the gait rehabilitation of patients in the chronic stage after stroke. This could have an impact on the rehabilitation techniques used for these patients, especially when they are severely impaired and their mobility is limited. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroscience" title="neuroscience">neuroscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20computer%20interfaces" title=" brain computer interfaces"> brain computer interfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitat" title=" rehabilitat"> rehabilitat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148875/brain-computer-interface-system-for-lower-extremity-rehabilitation-of-chronic-stroke-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> SCM Challenges and Opportunities in the Timber Construction Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Reitner">K. Reitner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Staberhofer"> F. Staberhofer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Ortner"> W. Ortner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Gerschberger"> M. Gerschberger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to identify the main challenges faced by companies in the timber construction sector and to provide improvement opportunities that can be implemented on a short-, medium- and long-term basis. To identify the challenges and propose actions for each company a literature review and a multiple case research were conducted using the Quick Scan Audit Methodology. Finally, the findings and outcomes are compared with each other to support companies in the timer construction sector when implementing and restructuring their day-to-day activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title="supply chain management">supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20challenges%20and%20opportunities" title=" supply chain challenges and opportunities"> supply chain challenges and opportunities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=timber%20construction%20sector" title=" timber construction sector"> timber construction sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13012/scm-challenges-and-opportunities-in-the-timber-construction-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> The Potential of Digital Tools in Art Lessons at Junior School Level to Improve Artistic Ability Using Tamazight Fonts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aber%20Salem%20Aboalgasm">Aber Salem Aboalgasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Ward"> Rupert Ward</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to explore how pupils in art classes can use creative digital art tools to redesign Tamazight fonts, in order to develop children’s artistic creativity, enable them to learn about a new culture, and to help the teacher assess the creativity of pupils in the art class. It can also help students to improve their talents in drawing. The study could relate to research in Libya among the Amazigh people (better known as Berber) and possibly the development of Tamazight fonts with new uses in art. The research involved students aged 9-10 years old working with digital art tools, and was designed to explore the potential of digital technology by discovering suitable tools and techniques to develop children’s artistic performance using Tamazight fonts. The project also sought to show the aesthetic aspects of these characters and to stimulate the artistic creativity of these young people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artistic%20creativity" title="artistic creativity">artistic creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamazight%20fonts" title=" Tamazight fonts"> Tamazight fonts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20acceptance%20model" title=" technology acceptance model"> technology acceptance model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional" title=" traditional"> traditional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20art%20tools" title=" digital art tools"> digital art tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6451/the-potential-of-digital-tools-in-art-lessons-at-junior-school-level-to-improve-artistic-ability-using-tamazight-fonts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Evaluating the Use of Digital Art Tools for Drawing to Enhance Artistic Ability and Improve Digital Skill among Junior School Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aber%20Salem%20Aboalgasm">Aber Salem Aboalgasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Ward"> Rupert Ward</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated some results of the use of digital art tools by junior school children in order to discover if these tools could promote artistic ability and creativity. The study considers the ease of use and usefulness of the tools as well as how to assess artwork produced by digital means. As the use of these tools is a relatively new development in Art education, this study may help educators in their choice of which tools to use and when to use them. The study also aims to present a model for the assessment of students’ artistic development and creativity by studying their artistic activity. This model can help in determining differences in students’ creative ability and could be useful both for teachers, as a means of assessing digital artwork, and for students, by providing the motivation to use the tools to their fullest extent. Sixteen students aged nine to ten years old were observed and recorded while they used the digital drawing tools. The study found that, according to the students’ own statements, it was not the ease of use but the successful effects the tools provided which motivated the children to use them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artistic%20ability" title="artistic ability">artistic ability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawing%20digital%20tool" title=" drawing digital tool"> drawing digital tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TAM%20model" title=" TAM model"> TAM model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychomotor%20domain" title=" psychomotor domain"> psychomotor domain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16532/evaluating-the-use-of-digital-art-tools-for-drawing-to-enhance-artistic-ability-and-improve-digital-skill-among-junior-school-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> The Potential Roles of Digital Technologies in Developing Children's Artistic Ability and Promoting Creative Activity in Children Aged</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aber%20Aboalgasm">Aber Aboalgasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Ward"> Rupert Ward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Taylor"> Ruth Taylor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Glazzard"> Jonathan Glazzard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Teaching art by digital means is a big challenge for the majority of teachers of art and artistic design courses in primary education schools. These courses can clearly identify relationships between art, technology, and creativity in the classroom .The aim of this article is to present a modern way of teaching art, using digital tools in the art classroom in order to improve creative ability in pupils aged between 9 and 11 years; it also presents a conceptual model for creativity based on digital art. The model could be useful for pupils interested in learning drawing and using an e-drawing package, and for teachers who are interested in teaching their students modern digital art, and improving children’s creativity. This model is designed to show the strategy of teaching art through technology, in order for children to learn how to be creative. This will also help education providers to make suitable choices about which technological approaches they should choose to teach students and enhance their creative ability. It is also expected that use of this model will help to develop social interactive qualities that may improve intellectual ability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20tools" title="digital tools">digital tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creative%20activity" title=" creative activity"> creative activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2102/the-potential-roles-of-digital-technologies-in-developing-childrens-artistic-ability-and-promoting-creative-activity-in-children-aged" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> The Strategy of Teaching Digital Art in Classroom as a Way of Enhancing Pupils’ Artistic Creativity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aber%20Salem%20Aboalgasm">Aber Salem Aboalgasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Ward"> Rupert Ward</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Teaching art by digital means is a big challenge for the majority of teachers of art and artistic design courses in primary education schools. These courses can clearly identify relationships between art, technology and creativity in the classroom .The aim of this article is to present a modern way of teaching art, using digital tools in the art classroom in order to improve creative ability in pupils aged between 9 and 11 years; it also presents a conceptual model for creativity based on digital art. The model could be useful for pupils interested in learning drawing and using an e-drawing package, and for teachers who are interested in teaching their students modern digital art, and improving children’s creativity. This model is designed to show the strategy of teaching art through technology, in order for children to learn how to be creative. This will also help education providers to make suitable choices about which technological approaches they should choose to teach students and enhance their creative ability. To define the digital art tools that can benefit children develop their technical skills. It is also expected that use of this model will help to develop social interactive qualities that may improve intellectual ability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20tools" title="digital tools">digital tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creative%20activity" title=" creative activity"> creative activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20skill" title=" technical skill"> technical skill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13275/the-strategy-of-teaching-digital-art-in-classroom-as-a-way-of-enhancing-pupils-artistic-creativity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Assessing the Role of Failed-ADR in Civil Litigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Ahmed">Masood Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a plethora of literature (including judicial and extra-judicial comments) concerning the virtues of alternative dispute resolution processes within the English civil justice system. Lord Woolf in his Access to Justice Report ushered in a new pro-ADR philosophy and this was reinforced by Sir Rupert Jackson in his review of civil litigation costs. More recently, Briggs LJ, in his review of the Chancery Court, reiterated the significant role played by ADR and the need for better integration of ADR processes within the Chancery Court. His Lordship also noted that ADR which had failed to produce a settlement (i.e. a failed-ADR) continued to play a significant role in contributing to a ‘substantial narrowing of the issues or increased focus on the key issues’ which were ‘capable of assisting both the parties and the court in the economical determination of the dispute at trial.’ With the assistance of empirical data, this paper investigates the nature of failed-ADR and, in particular, assesses the effectiveness of failed-ADR processes as a tool in: (a) narrowing the legal and/or factual issues which may assist the courts in more effective and efficient case management of the dispute; (b) assisting the parties in the future settlement of the matter. This paper will also measure the effectiveness of failed-ADR by considering the views and experiences of legal practitioners who have engaged in failed-ADR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20civil%20justice%20system" title="English civil justice system">English civil justice system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20dispute%20resolution%20processes" title=" alternative dispute resolution processes"> alternative dispute resolution processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20court%20process" title=" civil court process"> civil court process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20data%20from%20legal%20profession%20regarding%20failed%20ADR" title=" empirical data from legal profession regarding failed ADR"> empirical data from legal profession regarding failed ADR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28565/assessing-the-role-of-failed-adr-in-civil-litigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Remediation and Health: A Systematic Review of the Role of Resulting Displacement in Damaging Health and Wellbeing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20G.%20S.%20Legg">Rupert G. S. Legg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The connection between poor health outcomes and living near contaminated land has long been understood. Less examined has been the impact of remediation on residents’ health. The cleaning process undoubtedly changes the local area in which it occurs, leading to the possibility that local housing and rental prices could increase resulting in the displacement of those least able to cope. Whether or not this potential displacement resulting from remediation has a considerable impact on health remains unknown. This review aims to determine how these health effects have been approached in the health geography literature. A systematic review of health geographies literature was conducted, searching for two-word clusters: ‘health’ and ‘remediation’ (100 articles); and ‘health’, ‘displacement’ and ‘gentrification’ (43 articles). 43 articles were selected for their relevance (7 from the first cluster, 20 from the second, and 16 from those cited within the reviewed articles). Several of the reviewed cases identified that potential displacement was a contributor to stress and worry in residents living near remediation projects. Likewise, the experience of displacement in other cases beyond remediation was linked with several mental health issues. However, no remediation cases followed-up on the ultimate effects of experiencing displacement on residents’ health. A reason identified for this was a tendency for reviewed studies to adopt a contextual or compositional approach, as opposed to a relational approach, which is more concerned with dimensions of mobility and temporality. Given that remediation and displacement both involve changing mobility and temporality, focussing solely on contextual or compositional factors is problematic. This review concludes by suggesting that more thorough, relational research is conducted into the extent to which potential displacement resulting from remediation affects health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contamination" title="contamination">contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=displacement" title=" displacement"> displacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20geography" title=" health geography"> health geography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remediation" title=" remediation"> remediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99490/remediation-and-health-a-systematic-review-of-the-role-of-resulting-displacement-in-damaging-health-and-wellbeing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Hydrogen Production at the Forecourt from Off-Peak Electricity and Its Role in Balancing the Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulla%20Rahil">Abdulla Rahil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Gammon"> Rupert Gammon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Brown"> Neil Brown</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rapid growth of renewable energy sources and their integration into the grid have been motivated by the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental issues. Unfortunately, the grid is unable to cope with the predicted growth of renewable energy which would lead to its instability. To solve this problem, energy storage devices could be used. Electrolytic hydrogen production from an electrolyser is considered a promising option since it is a clean energy source (zero emissions). Choosing flexible operation of an electrolyser (producing hydrogen during the off-peak electricity period and stopping at other times) could bring about many benefits like reducing the cost of hydrogen and helping to balance the electric systems. This paper investigates the price of hydrogen during flexible operation compared with continuous operation, while serving the customer (hydrogen filling station) without interruption. The optimization algorithm is applied to investigate the hydrogen station in both cases (flexible and continuous operation). Three different scenarios are tested to see whether the off-peak electricity price could enhance the reduction of the hydrogen cost. These scenarios are: Standard tariff (1 tier system) during the day (assumed 12 p/kWh) while still satisfying the demand for hydrogen; using off-peak electricity at a lower price (assumed 5 p/kWh) and shutting down the electrolyser at other times; using lower price electricity at off-peak times and high price electricity at other times. This study looks at Derna city, which is located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea (32° 46′ 0 N, 22° 38′ 0 E) with a high potential for wind resource. Hourly wind speed data which were collected over 24½ years from 1990 to 2014 were in addition to data on hourly radiation and hourly electricity demand collected over a one-year period, together with the petrol station data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20filling%20station%20off-peak%20electricity" title="hydrogen filling station off-peak electricity">hydrogen filling station off-peak electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=off-peak%20electricity" title=" off-peak electricity"> off-peak electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolytic%20hydrogen" title=" electrolytic hydrogen"> electrolytic hydrogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52402/hydrogen-production-at-the-forecourt-from-off-peak-electricity-and-its-role-in-balancing-the-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> 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