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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fiction and reality</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fiction_and_reality-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fiction and reality subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fiction_and_reality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fiction_versus_non-fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiction_versus_non-fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Fiction versus non-fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiction_versus_non-fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speculative_versus_realistic_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speculative_versus_realistic_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Speculative versus realistic fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speculative_versus_realistic_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Elements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Formats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fiction_writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiction_writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Fiction writing</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fiction_writing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fiction writing subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fiction_writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literary_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Literary fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literary_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genre_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genre_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Genre fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genre_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_by_word_count" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_by_word_count"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Types by word count</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_by_word_count-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Process_of_fiction_writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Process_of_fiction_writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Process of fiction writing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Process_of_fiction_writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fictionalization_as_a_concept" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fictionalization_as_a_concept"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Fictionalization as a concept</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fictionalization_as_a_concept-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiction</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 106 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-106" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">106 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksie" title="Fiksie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fiksie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiktion" title="Fiktion – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Fiktion" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A8)" title="خيال (أدب) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خيال (أدب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficci%C3%B3n" title="Ficción – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ficción" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գեղարուեստական Գրականութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գեղարուեստական Գրականութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="কল্পকাহিনী – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কল্পকাহিনী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficci%C3%B3n" title="Ficción – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ficción" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksiya" title="Fiksiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fiksiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="কল্পকাহিনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কল্পকাহিনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi-k%C3%B2%CD%98-l%C5%ABi" title="Hi-kò͘-lūi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hi-kò͘-lūi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D3%99%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%81_%D3%99%D2%99%D3%99%D0%B1%D0%B8%D3%99%D1%82" title="Нәфис әҙәбиәт – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Нәфис әҙәбиәт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мастацкая выдумка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мастацкая выдумка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Художествено произведение – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Художествено произведение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcija" title="Fikcija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fikcija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%91%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Уран зохёол – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Уран зохёол" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficci%C3%B3" title="Ficció – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ficció" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handurawat" title="Handurawat – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Handurawat" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liter%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_fikce" title="Literární fikce – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Literární fikce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffuglen" title="Ffuglen – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffuglen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiktion" title="Fiktion – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fiktion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="تعاويد – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تعاويد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiktion" title="Fiktion – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fiktion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4ljam%C3%B5eldis" title="Väljamõeldis – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Väljamõeldis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Μυθοπλασία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μυθοπλασία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficci%C3%B3n" title="Ficción – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ficción" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcio" title="Fikcio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fikcio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikzio" title="Fikzio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fikzio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ادبیات داستانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ادبیات داستانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Fiction" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fiction" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksje" title="Fiksje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fiksje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficsean" title="Ficsean – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ficsean" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficci%C3%B3n" title="Ficción – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ficción" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%88%EA%B5%AC" title="허구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="허구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction_(Almara)" title="Fiction (Almara) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Fiction (Almara)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գեղարվեստական գրականություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գեղարվեստական գրականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="कपोलकल्पना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कपोलकल्पना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcija" title="Fikcija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fikcija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binalab%C3%A1la" title="Binalabála – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Binalabála" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksi" title="Fiksi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fiksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ldskapur" title="Skáldskapur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skáldskapur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fiction" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA" title="סיפורת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיפורת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksion" title="Fiksion – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Fiksion" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Суратлау адабият – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Суратлау адабият" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D3%99%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Ғылыми-көркем әдебиет – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғылыми-көркем әдебиет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugieth" title="Fugieth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Fugieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunilizi" title="Bunilizi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bunilizi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksyon" title="Fiksyon – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fiksyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksyon" title="Fiksyon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Fiksyon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictio" title="Fictio – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fictio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izdom%C4%81jums" title="Izdomājums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Izdomājums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcija" title="Fikcija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fikcija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fintaria" title="Fintaria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fintaria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Фикција – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фикција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="ഫിക്ഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫിക്ഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerita_rekaan" title="Cerita rekaan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cerita rekaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictie" title="Fictie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fictie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictie" title="Fictie – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Fictie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="काल्पनिक साहित्य – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="काल्पनिक साहित्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="フィクション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フィクション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksjon" title="Fiksjon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fiksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksjon" title="Fiksjon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fiksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficcion" title="Ficcion – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ficcion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asoosama" title="Asoosama – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Asoosama" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmiy-badiiy_adabiyot" title="Ilmiy-badiiy adabiyot – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ilmiy-badiiy adabiyot" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AA" title="ਗਲਪ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਲਪ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%90%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%86" title="فِکشن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فِکشن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="ناروشتي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ناروشتي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikshan" title="Fikshan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Fikshan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finsion" title="Finsion – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Finsion" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiktschoon" title="Fiktschoon – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Fiktschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcjonalno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Fikcjonalność – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fikcjonalność" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fic%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ficção – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ficção" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fic%C8%9Biune" title="Ficțiune – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ficțiune" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%BD" title="Фікшн – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Фікшн" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Художественный вымысел – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Художественный вымысел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiktivi" title="Fiktivi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fiktivi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0" title="ප්‍රබන්ධ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රබන්ධ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fiction" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A8" title="افسانوي ادب – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="افسانوي ادب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcija" title="Fikcija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fikcija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Male_Awaal" title="Male Awaal – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Male Awaal" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%B5_(%D9%88%DB%8E%DA%98%DB%95)" title="خەیاڵ (وێژە) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خەیاڵ (وێژە)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Фикција – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фикција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikcija" title="Fikcija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fikcija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksi" title="Fiksi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fiksi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuvitelma" title="Kuvitelma – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuvitelma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiktion" title="Fiktion – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fiktion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathang-isip" title="Kathang-isip – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kathang-isip" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88" title="புனைகதை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புனைகதை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D3%99%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Матур әдәбият – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Матур әдәбият" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AB%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఫిక్షన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఫిక్షన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5" title="บันเทิงคดี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บันเทิงคดี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%91%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D3%A3" title="Адабиёти илмии бадеӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Адабиёти илмии бадеӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurgu" title="Kurgu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kurgu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%BD" title="Фікшн – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фікшн" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%86" title="فکشن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فکشن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C6%B0_c%E1%BA%A5u" title="Hư cấu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hư cấu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susmatanon_nga_himo-himo" title="Susmatanon nga himo-himo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Susmatanon nga himo-himo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%99%9A%E6%9E%84%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81" title="虚构作品 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="虚构作品" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7" title="בעלעטריסטיק – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בעלעטריסטיק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E6%A7%8B%E6%95%85%E4%BB%94" title="虛構故仔 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="虛構故仔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men%C4%97nis_st%C4%97lios" title="Menėnis stėlios – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Menėnis stėlios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E6%A7%8B%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81" title="虛構作品 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="虛構作品" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiksi" title="Fiksi – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Fiksi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8253#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction_book&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiction book">Fiction book</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Narrative with imaginary elements</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the type of media content. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Fiction_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Fiction (disambiguation)">Fiction (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Fictional" redirects here. For the German band, see <a href="/wiki/Fictional_(band)" title="Fictional (band)">Fictional (band)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png/220px-Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png/330px-Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png/440px-Alice_par_John_Tenniel_30.png 2x" data-file-width="2482" data-file-height="3614" /></a><figcaption>An illustration from <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Carroll" title="Lewis Carroll">Lewis Carroll</a>'s 1865 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland" title="Alice's Adventures in Wonderland">Alice's Adventures in Wonderland</a></i>, depicting the fictional <a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">protagonist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alice_(Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland)" title="Alice (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)">Alice</a>, playing a <a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">fantastical</a> game of <a href="/wiki/Croquet" title="Croquet">croquet</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Fiction</b> is any <a href="/wiki/Creative_work" title="Creative work">creative work</a>, chiefly any <a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">narrative</a> work, portraying <a href="/wiki/Character_(arts)" title="Character (arts)">individuals</a>, events, or <a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">places</a> that are <a href="/wiki/Imagination" title="Imagination">imaginary</a> or in ways that are imaginary.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fictional portrayals are thus inconsistent with <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fact" title="Fact">fact</a>, or plausibility. In a traditional narrow sense, "fiction" refers to <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">written narratives</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prose" title="Prose">prose</a> – often referring specifically to <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">novellas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">short stories</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More broadly, however, fiction encompasses imaginary narratives expressed in any <a href="/wiki/Media_(communication)" title="Media (communication)">medium</a>, including not just writings but also <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">live theatrical performances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">films</a>, <a href="/wiki/Television_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program">television programs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_dramas" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio dramas">radio dramas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comics" title="Comics">comics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Role-playing games">role-playing games</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition_and_theory">Definition and theory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition and theory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding-bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">Literature</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="skin-invert notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png/175px-Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png/263px-Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png/350px-Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Oral_literature" title="Oral literature">Oral literature</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_play" title="Folk play">folk play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folksong" class="mw-redirect" title="Folksong">folksong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">heroic epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proverb" title="Proverb">proverb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_speaking" title="Public speaking">Oration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance" title="Performance">Performance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">spoken word</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saying" title="Saying">Saying</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Major written forms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closet_drama" title="Closet drama">closet drama</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">Poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_poetry" title="Lyric poetry">lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">narrative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prose" title="Prose">Prose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_nonsense" title="Literary nonsense">Nonsense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nonsense_verse" title="Nonsense verse">verse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergodic_literature" title="Ergodic literature">Ergodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_literature" title="Electronic literature">Electronic</a></li></ul> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Long prose fiction</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthology" title="Anthology">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_(literature)" title="Serial (literature)">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a>/<a href="/wiki/Romance_(prose_fiction)" title="Romance (prose fiction)">romance</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Short prose fiction</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">Novella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novelette_(literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Novelette (literature)">Novelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">Short story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drabble" title="Drabble">Drabble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sketch_story" title="Sketch story">Sketch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_fiction" title="Flash fiction">Flash fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisdom_literature" title="Wisdom literature">Wisdom</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Prose genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiction</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realist_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Realist literature">Realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_literature" title="Children's literature">Children's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genre_fiction" title="Genre fiction">Genre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_fiction" title="Action fiction">action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_fiction" title="Adventure fiction">adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_literature" title="Erotic literature">erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_literature" title="Fantasy literature">fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_fiction" title="Military fiction">military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_fiction" title="Paranormal fiction">paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_fiction" title="Supernatural fiction">supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">horror</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedic_novel" title="Encyclopedic novel">Encyclopedic</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Non-fiction" title="Non-fiction">Non-fiction</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_publishing" title="Academic publishing">Academic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anecdote" title="Anecdote">Anecdote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle" title="Epistle">Epistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essay" title="Essay">Essay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_(message)" title="Letter (message)">Letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_writing" title="Life writing">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_writing" title="Nature writing">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persuasive_writing" title="Persuasive writing">Persuasive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_literature" title="Travel literature">Travelogue</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Poetry genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">Narrative</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_poetry" title="Children's poetry">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verse_drama_and_dramatic_verse" title="Verse drama and dramatic verse">Dramatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verse_novel" title="Verse novel">Verse novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_poetry" title="National poetry">National</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Lyric_poetry" title="Lyric poetry">Lyric</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballad" title="Ballad">Ballad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegy" title="Elegy">Elegy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigram" title="Epigram">Epigram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazal" title="Ghazal">Ghazal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">Haiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">Hymn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerick_(poetry)" title="Limerick (poetry)">Limerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">Ode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasida" title="Qasida">Qasida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonnet" title="Sonnet">Sonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanelle" title="Villanelle">Villanelle</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_epic_poems" title="List of epic poems">Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_groups_and_movements" title="List of poetry groups and movements">Groups and movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poets" title="List of poets">Poets</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Dramatic genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">Libretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">Play</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_(theatrical_genre)" title="History (theatrical genre)">historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morality_play" title="Morality play">moral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">Tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">Tragicomedy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_literature" title="History of literature">History</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_literature" title="Ancient literature">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_literature" title="Medieval literature">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_modernism" title="Literary modernism">Modernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_literature" title="Postmodern literature">Postmodern</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Lists and outlines</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_literature" title="Outline of literature">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_literary_terms" title="Glossary of literary terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_books" title="Lists of books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_writers" title="Lists of writers">Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_movements" title="List of literary movements">Movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_cycles" title="List of literary cycles">Cycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_awards" title="List of literary awards">Literary awards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_awards" title="List of poetry awards">poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story_collection" title="Short story collection">Short story collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_literary_work" title="Lost literary work">Lost literary work</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Literary_theory" title="Literary theory">Theory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">criticism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_literature" title="Sociology of literature">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_magazine" title="Literary magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composition_(language)" title="Composition (language)">Composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_language" title="Literary language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">Narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_feud" title="Literary feud">Feud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_estate" title="Literary estate">Estate</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="display:block; margin-top:0.3em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; padding-top:0.15em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/16px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/24px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png 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a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Literature" title="Template:Literature"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Literature" title="Template talk:Literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Typically, the fictionality of a work is publicly expressed, so the audience expects the work to deviate to a greater or lesser degree from the real world rather than presenting, for instance, only factually accurate portrayals or <a href="/wiki/Character_(arts)" title="Character (arts)">characters</a> who are actual people.<sup id="cite_ref-litfiction_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-litfiction-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because fiction is generally understood as not adhering to the real world, the <a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">themes</a> and context of a work, such as if and how it relates to real-world issues or events, are open to <a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_interpretation" title="Aesthetic interpretation">interpretation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since fiction is most long-established in the realm of <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a> (written narrative fiction), the broad study of the nature, function, and meaning of fiction is called <a href="/wiki/Literary_theory" title="Literary theory">literary theory</a>, and the narrower interpretation of specific fictional texts is called <a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">literary criticism</a> (with subsets like <a href="/wiki/Film_criticism" title="Film criticism">film criticism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theatre_criticism" title="Theatre criticism">theatre criticism</a> also now long-established). Aside from real-world connections, some fictional works may depict characters and events within their own context, entirely separate from the known physical universe: an independent <a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">fictional universe</a>. The creative art of constructing such an imaginary world is known as <a href="/wiki/Worldbuilding" title="Worldbuilding">worldbuilding</a>. </p><p>Literary critic <a href="/wiki/James_Wood_(critic)" title="James Wood (critic)">James Wood</a> argues that "fiction is both artifice and <a href="/wiki/Verisimilitude_(narrative)" class="mw-redirect" title="Verisimilitude (narrative)">verisimilitude</a>", meaning that it requires both creative inventions as well as some acceptable degree of believability among its audience,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a notion often encapsulated in the poet <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Samuel Taylor Coleridge</a>'s idea of the audience's <a href="/wiki/Willing_suspension_of_disbelief" class="mw-redirect" title="Willing suspension of disbelief">willing suspension of disbelief</a>. The effects of experiencing fiction, and the way the audience is changed by the new information they discover, has been studied for centuries. Also, infinite fictional possibilities themselves signal the impossibility of fully knowing reality, provocatively demonstrating philosophical notions, such as there potentially being no criterion to measure constructs of reality.<sup id="cite_ref-subversive_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-subversive-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fiction_and_reality">Fiction and reality<span class="anchor" id="Reality_and_fiction"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fiction and reality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fiction_versus_non-fiction">Fiction versus non-fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fiction versus non-fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In contrast to fiction, creators of <a href="/wiki/Non-fiction" title="Non-fiction">non-fiction</a> assume responsibility for presenting information (and sometimes opinion) based only in historical and factual reality. Despite the traditional view that fiction and non-fiction are opposites, some works (particularly in the modern era) blur this boundary, particularly works that fall under certain <a href="/wiki/Experimental_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Experimental fiction">experimental</a> storytelling genres—including some <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmodern fiction">postmodern fiction</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autofiction" title="Autofiction">autofiction</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Creative_nonfiction" title="Creative nonfiction">creative nonfiction</a> like <a href="/wiki/Non-fiction_novel" title="Non-fiction novel">non-fiction novels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">docudramas</a>—as well as the deliberate <a href="/wiki/Literary_forgery" title="Literary forgery">literary fraud</a> of falsely marketing fiction as nonfiction.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, even most works of fiction usually have elements of, or grounding in, truth of some kind, or truth from a certain point of view. The distinction between the two may be best defined from the viewpoint of the audience, according to whom a work is non-fiction if its people, settings, and plot are perceived entirely as historically or factually real, while a work is regarded as fiction if it deviates from reality in any of those areas. The distinction is further obscured by a philosophical understanding, on the one hand, that the truth can be presented through imaginary channels and constructions, while, on the other hand, works of the imagination can just as well bring about significant new perspectives on, or conclusions about, truth and reality. </p><p>All types of fiction invite their audience to explore real ideas, issues, or possibilities using an otherwise imaginary setting or using something similar to reality, though still distinct from it.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speculative_versus_realistic_fiction">Speculative versus realistic fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Speculative versus realistic fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The umbrella genre of <i><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">speculative fiction</a></i> is characterized by a lesser degree of adherence to realistic or plausible individuals, events, or places, while the umbrella genre of <i>realistic fiction</i> is characterized by a greater degree. For instance, speculative fiction may depict an entirely <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/alternate_universe" class="extiw" title="wikt:alternate universe">imaginary universe</a> or one in which the laws of nature do not strictly apply (often, the sub-genre of <a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">fantasy</a>). Or, it depicts true historical moments, except that they have concluded in a completely imaginary way or been followed by major new events that are completely imaginary (the genre of <a href="/wiki/Alternative_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative history">alternative history</a>). Or, it depicts <a href="/wiki/Impossible_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Impossible technology">impossible technology</a> or technology that defies current scientific understandings or capabilities (the genre of <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a>). </p><p>Contrarily, realistic fiction involves a story whose basic <a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">setting</a> (time and location in the world) is, in fact, real and whose events could believably happen in the context of the real world. One realistic fiction sub-genre is <a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">historical fiction</a>, centered around true major events and time periods in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The attempt to make stories feel faithful to reality or to more <a href="/wiki/Subjectivity_and_objectivity_(philosophy)" title="Subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy)">objectively</a> describe details, and the 19th-century artistic movement that began to vigorously promote this approach, is called <a href="/wiki/Literary_realism" title="Literary realism">literary realism</a>, which incorporates some works of both fiction and non-fiction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/History_of_literature" title="History of literature">History of literature</a></div> <p>Storytelling has existed in all human cultures, and each culture incorporates different elements of truth and fiction into storytelling. Early fiction was closely associated with history and <a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">myth</a>. Greek poets such as <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aesop" title="Aesop">Aesop</a> developed fictional stories that were told first through <a href="/wiki/Oral_storytelling" title="Oral storytelling">oral storytelling</a> and then in writing. Prose fiction was developed in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>, influenced by the storytelling traditions of Asia and Egypt. Distinctly fictional work was not recognized as separate from historical or mythological stories until the imperial period. Plasmatic narrative, following entirely invented characters and events, was developed through ancient <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">drama</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="New comedy">New Comedy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One common structure among early fiction is a series of strange and fantastic adventures as early writers test the limits of fiction writing. <a href="/wiki/Milesian_tale" title="Milesian tale">Milesian tales</a> were an early example of fiction writing in Ancient Greece and Italy. As fiction writing developed in Ancient Greece, relatable characters and plausible scenarios were emphasized to better connect with the audience, including elements such as <a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">romance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">piracy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">religious ceremonies</a>. <a href="/wiki/Heroic_romance" class="mw-redirect" title="Heroic romance">Heroic romance</a> was developed in <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Europe">medieval Europe</a>, incorporating elements associated with <a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">fantasy</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a> elements and <a href="/wiki/Chivalry" title="Chivalry">chivalry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The structure of the modern novel was developed by <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Cervantes" title="Miguel de Cervantes">Miguel de Cervantes</a> with <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Quixote" title="Don Quixote">Don Quixote</a></i> in the early-17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novel became a primary medium of fiction in the 18th and 19th centuries. They were often associated with <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a> ideas such as <a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">empiricism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnosticism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Realism_(arts)" title="Realism (arts)">Realism</a> developed as a literary style at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New forms of mass media developed in the late-19th and early-20th centuries, including popular-fiction magazines and early film.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Interactive_fiction" title="Interactive fiction">Interactive fiction</a> was developed in the late-20th century through video games.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elements">Elements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Elements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Narrative#Elements" title="Narrative">Narrative § Elements</a></div> <p>Certain basic elements define all works of <a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">narrative</a>, including all works of narrative fiction. Namely, all narratives include the elements of <a href="/wiki/Character_(arts)" title="Character (arts)">character</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conflict_(narrative)" title="Conflict (narrative)">conflict</a>, <a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">narrative mode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">plot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">setting</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">theme</a>. Characters are individuals inside a work of story, conflicts are the tension or problem that drives characters' thoughts and actions, narrative modes are the ways in which a story is communicated, plots are the sequence of events in a story, settings are the story's locations in time and space, and themes are deeper messages or interpretations about the story that its audience is left to discuss and reflect upon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formats">Formats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Formats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_genres" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fictional genres">List of fictional genres</a></div> <p>Traditionally, fiction includes novels, short stories, <a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">fables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">legends</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">myths</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">fairy tales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">narrative poetry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">plays</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Operas" class="mw-redirect" title="Operas">operas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">musicals</a>, dramas, <a href="/wiki/Puppet_play" class="mw-redirect" title="Puppet play">puppet plays</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Concert_dance" title="Concert dance">various kinds of theatrical dances</a>). However, fiction may also encompass <a href="/wiki/Comic_book" title="Comic book">comic books</a>, and many <a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">animated cartoons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">stop motions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">anime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fictional_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional film">films</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_drama" title="Radio drama">radio programs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Television_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program">television programs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Television_comedy" title="Television comedy">comedies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_programming" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic programming">dramas</a>), etc. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> has had a major impact on the creation and distribution of fiction, calling into question the feasibility of <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> as a means to ensure <a href="/wiki/Royalties" class="mw-redirect" title="Royalties">royalties</a> are paid to copyright holders.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, <a href="/wiki/Digital_libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital libraries">digital libraries</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> make <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> texts more readily available. The combination of inexpensive home computers, the Internet, and the creativity of its users has also led to new forms of fiction, such as interactive <a href="/wiki/Computer_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer game">computer games</a> or computer-generated comics. Countless forums for <a href="/wiki/Fan_fiction" title="Fan fiction">fan fiction</a> can be found online, where loyal followers of specific <a href="/wiki/Fictional_realm" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional realm">fictional realms</a> create and distribute derivative stories. The Internet is also used for the development of <a href="/wiki/Blog_fiction" title="Blog fiction">blog fiction</a>, where a story is delivered through a <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blog</a> either as flash fiction or serial blog, and <a href="/wiki/Collaborative_fiction" title="Collaborative fiction">collaborative fiction</a>, where a story is written sequentially by different authors, or the entire text can be revised by anyone using a <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wiki</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fiction_writing">Fiction writing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Fiction writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literary_fiction">Literary fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Literary fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Literary_fiction" title="Literary fiction">Literary fiction</a></div> <p>The definition of literary fiction is controversial. It may refer to any work of fiction in a written form. However, various other definitions exist, including a written work of fiction that: </p> <ul><li>does not fit neatly into an established genre (as opposed to so-called <a href="/wiki/Genre_fiction" title="Genre fiction">genre fiction</a>), when used as a marketing label in the book trade</li> <li>is character-driven rather than plot-driven</li> <li>examines the human condition</li> <li>uses language in an experimental or poetic fashion</li> <li>is considered serious as a work of art<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Literary fiction is often used as a synonym for <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a>, in the narrow sense of writings specifically considered to be an <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a> form.<sup id="cite_ref-OD_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OD-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While literary fiction is sometimes regarded as superior to genre fiction, the two are not mutually exclusive, and major literary figures have employed the genres of science fiction, <a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">crime fiction</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">romance</a>, etc., to create works of literature. Furthermore, the study of genre fiction has developed within academia in recent decades.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term is sometimes used such as to equate literary fiction to literature. The accuracy of this is debated. <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a> has suggested that, while any definition will be simplistic, there is today a general cultural difference between literary and genre fiction. On the one hand literary authors nowadays are frequently supported by patronage, with employment at a university or a similar institution, and with the continuation of such positions determined not by book sales but by critical acclaim by other established literary authors and critics. On the other hand, he suggests, genre fiction writers tend to support themselves by book sales.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in an interview, <a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">John Updike</a> lamented that "the category of 'literary fiction' has sprung up recently to torment people like me who just set out to write books, and if anybody wanted to read them, terrific, the more the merrier. ... I'm a genre writer of a sort. I write literary fiction, which is like spy fiction or chick lit".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Charlie_Rose_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="The Charlie Rose Show">The Charlie Rose Show</a></i>, he argued that this term, when applied to his work, greatly limited him and his expectations of what might come of his writing, so he does not really like it. He suggested that all his works are literary, simply because "they are written in words".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Literary fiction often involves <a href="/wiki/Social_commentary" title="Social commentary">social commentary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_criticism" title="Political criticism">political criticism</a>, or reflection on the <a href="/wiki/Human_condition" title="Human condition">human condition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, it focuses on "introspective, in-depth character studies" of "interesting, complex and developed" characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This contrasts with genre fiction where plot is the central concern.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181–182_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181–182-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usually in literary fiction the focus is on the "inner story" of the characters who drive the plot, with detailed motivations to elicit "emotional involvement" in the reader.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The style of literary fiction is often described as "elegantly written, lyrical, and ... layered".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tone of literary fiction can be darker than genre fiction,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the pacing of literary fiction may be slower than popular fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <a href="/wiki/Terrence_Rafferty" title="Terrence Rafferty">Terrence Rafferty</a> notes, "literary fiction, by its nature, allows itself to dawdle, to linger on stray beauties even at the risk of losing its way".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERafferty2011_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERafferty2011-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genre_fiction">Genre fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Genre fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Genre_fiction" title="Genre fiction">Genre fiction</a></div> <p>Based on how literary fiction is defined, genre fiction may be a subset (written fiction that aligns to a <a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_genres" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fictional genres">particular genre</a>), or its opposite: an evaluative label for written fiction that comprises <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>, as artistically or intellectually inferior to <a href="/wiki/High_culture" title="High culture">high culture</a>. Regardless, fiction is commonly broken down into a variety of genres: categories of fiction, each differentiated by a particular unifying <a href="/wiki/Tone_(literature)" title="Tone (literature)">tone</a> or <a href="/wiki/Writing_style" title="Writing style">style</a>; set of <a href="/wiki/Literary_technique#literary_techniques" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary technique">narrative techniques</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archetype" title="Archetype">archetypes</a>, or other tropes; <a href="/wiki/Content_(media)" class="mw-redirect" title="Content (media)">media content</a>; or other popularly defined criterion. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a> predicts or supposes technologies that are not realities at the time of the work's creation: <a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne" title="Jules Verne">Jules Verne</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/From_the_Earth_to_the_Moon" title="From the Earth to the Moon">From the Earth to the Moon</a></i> was published in 1865, but only in 1969 did astronauts <a href="/wiki/Neil_Armstrong" title="Neil Armstrong">Neil Armstrong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buzz_Aldrin" title="Buzz Aldrin">Buzz Aldrin</a> become the first humans to land on the Moon. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical fiction</a> places imaginary characters into real historical events. In the 1814 historical novel <i><a href="/wiki/Waverley_(novel)" title="Waverley (novel)">Waverley</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a>'s fictional character Edward Waverley meets a figure from history, <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Prince_Charlie" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonnie Prince Charlie">Bonnie Prince Charlie</a>, and takes part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prestonpans" title="Battle of Prestonpans">Battle of Prestonpans</a>. Some works of fiction are slightly or greatly re-imagined based on some originally true story, or a reconstructed biography.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Role_of_Narrative_Fiction_and_Semi-Fiction_in_Organizational_Studies_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Role_of_Narrative_Fiction_and_Semi-Fiction_in_Organizational_Studies-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often, even when the fictional story is based on fact, there may be additions and subtractions from the true story to make it more interesting. An example is <a href="/wiki/Tim_O%27Brien_(author)" title="Tim O'Brien (author)">Tim O'Brien</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Things_They_Carried" title="The Things They Carried">The Things They Carried</a></i>, a 1990 series of <a href="/wiki/Short_stories" class="mw-redirect" title="Short stories">short stories</a> about the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. </p><p>Fictional works that explicitly involve supernatural, magical, or scientifically impossible elements are often classified under the genre of <a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">fantasy</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Carroll" title="Lewis Carroll">Lewis Carroll</a>'s 1865 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland" title="Alice's Adventures in Wonderland">Alice's Adventures in Wonderland</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/J._K._Rowling" title="J. K. Rowling">J. K. Rowling</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a></i> series. Creators of fantasy sometimes introduce imaginary creatures and beings such as dragons and fairies.<sup id="cite_ref-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types_by_word_count">Types by word count</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Types by word count"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Types of written fiction in prose are distinguished by relative length and include:<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Short story: the boundary between a long short story and a novella is vague,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although a short story commonly comprises fewer than 7,500 words</li> <li>Novella: typically, 17,500 to 40,000 words in length; examples include <a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Stevenson" title="Robert Louis Stevenson">Robert Louis Stevenson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde" title="Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde">Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde</a></i> (1886) or <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Conrad" title="Joseph Conrad">Joseph Conrad</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Darkness" title="Heart of Darkness">Heart of Darkness</a></i> (1899)<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Novel: 40,000 words or more in length</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Process_of_fiction_writing">Process of fiction writing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Process of fiction writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fiction_writing" title="Fiction writing">Fiction writing</a></div> <p>Fiction writing is the process by which an author or creator produces a fictional work. Some elements of the writing process may be planned in advance, while others may come about spontaneously. Fiction writers use different <a href="/wiki/Writing_style" title="Writing style">writing styles</a> and have distinct <a href="/wiki/Writer%27s_voice" class="mw-redirect" title="Writer's voice">writers' voices</a> when writing fictional stories.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fictionalization_as_a_concept">Fictionalization as a concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fictionalization as a concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dictator_charlie3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Dictator_charlie3.jpg/250px-Dictator_charlie3.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Dictator_charlie3.jpg/375px-Dictator_charlie3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Dictator_charlie3.jpg/500px-Dictator_charlie3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="975" /></a><figcaption>In the 1940 <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirical film</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Dictator" title="The Great Dictator">The Great Dictator</a></i>, English actor and comedian <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> portrayed the <a href="/wiki/Eccentricity_(behavior)" title="Eccentricity (behavior)">eccentric</a> <a href="/wiki/Despotism" title="Despotism">despot</a> Adenoid Hynkel, obvious to viewers at that time as a fictionalized version of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> and real events happening during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The use of real events or real individuals as direct inspiration for imaginary events or imaginary individuals is known as <i>fictionalization</i>. The opposite circumstance, in which the physical world or a real turn of events seem influenced by past fiction, is commonly described by the phrase "<a href="/wiki/Life_imitating_art" title="Life imitating art">life imitating art</a>". The latter phrase is popularity associated with the Anglo-Irish fiction writer <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The alteration of actual happenings into a fictional format, with this involving a <a href="/wiki/Drama_(creative_arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama (creative arts)">dramatic representation</a> of real events or people, is known as both <i>fictionalization</i>, or, more narrowly for visual performance works like in theatre and film, <i>dramatization</i>. According to the academic publication <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Reference" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Reference">Oxford Reference</a>, a work set up this way will have a "narrative based partly or wholly on fact but written as if it were fiction" such that "[f]ilms and broadcast dramas of this kind often bear the label 'based on a true story'." In intellectual research, evaluating this process is a part of media studies.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples of prominent fictionalization in the creative arts include those in the general context of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_popular_culture" title="World War II in popular culture">World War II in popular culture</a> and specifically <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi German</a> leaders such as <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler_in_popular_culture" title="Adolf Hitler in popular culture">Adolf Hitler in popular culture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_portrayals_of_Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Dramatic portrayals of Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich in popular culture</a>. For instance, American actor and comedian Charlie Chaplin portrayed the eccentric despot Adenoid Hynkel in the 1940 satirical film <i>The Great Dictator</i>. The unhinged, unintelligent figure fictionalized real events from the then ongoing Second World War in a way that presented <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascist individuals</a> as humorously irrational and pathetic. Many other <a href="/wiki/Villain" title="Villain">villains</a> take direct inspiration from real people while having fictional accents, appearances, backgrounds, names, and so on. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_fiction" title="Outline of fiction">Outline of fiction</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As philosopher Stacie Friend explains, "in reading we take works of fiction, like works of non-fiction, to be about the real world – even if they invite us to imagine the world to be different from how it actually is. [Thus], imagining a story world does not mean directing one's imagining toward something other than the real world; it is instead a mental activity that involves constructing a complex representation of what a story portrays".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The research of Weisberg and Goodstein (2009) revealed that, despite not being specifically informed that, say, the fictional character Sherlock Holmes, had two legs, their subjects "consistently assumed that some real-world facts obtained in fiction, although they were sensitive to the kind of fact and the realism of the story."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821052716/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/fiction">"fiction"</a>. <i>Lexico</i>. Oxford University Press. 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/fiction">the original</a> on 21 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lexico&rft.atitle=fiction&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fen%2Fdefinition%2Ffiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSagengFossheimLarsen2012" class="citation book cs1">Sageng, John Richard; Fossheim, Hallvard J.; Larsen, Tarjei Mandt, eds. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170313014028/https://books.google.com/books?id=q_AVJXKbE4wC&pg=PA187&dq=events+places"><i>The Philosophy of Computer Games</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 186–187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9400742499" title="Special:BookSources/978-9400742499"><bdi>978-9400742499</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q_AVJXKbE4wC&dq=events+places&pg=PA187">the original</a> on 13 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philosophy+of+Computer+Games&rft.pages=186-187&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-9400742499&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq_AVJXKbE4wC%26dq%3Devents%2Bplaces%26pg%3DPA187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-C._Hugh_Holman_1990,_p._212_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmonHolman1990" class="citation book cs1">Harmon, William; Holman, C. Hugh (1990). <i>A Handbook to Literature</i> (7th ed.). New York: Prentice Hall. p. 212.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Handbook+to+Literature&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=212&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Harmon&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Holman%2C+C.+Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbrams1999" class="citation book cs1">Abrams, M. h. (1999). <i>A Glossary of Literary Terms</i> (7th ed.). Fort Worth, Texas: Harcourt Brace. p. 94.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Glossary+of+Literary+Terms&rft.place=Fort+Worth%2C+Texas&rft.pages=94&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=Harcourt+Brace&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=M.+h.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827205032/https://www.dictionary.com/">"Definition of 'fiction"</a>. <i>Oxford English Dictionaries</i> (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/fiction">the original</a> on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Definition+of+%27fiction&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionaries&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Ffiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-litfiction-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-litfiction_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarner2014" class="citation book cs1">Farner, Geir (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qXXHAgAAQBAJ">"Chapter 2: What is Literary Fiction?"</a>. <i>Literary Fiction: The Ways We Read Narrative Literature</i>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1623564261" title="Special:BookSources/978-1623564261"><bdi>978-1623564261</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827205030/https://books.google.com/books?id=qXXHAgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+What+is+Literary+Fiction%3F&rft.btitle=Literary+Fiction%3A+The+Ways+We+Read+Narrative+Literature&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1623564261&rft.aulast=Farner&rft.aufirst=Geir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqXXHAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCuller2000" class="citation book cs1">Culler, Jonathan (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/literarytheoryve00cull"><i>Literary Theory: A Very Short Introduction</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/literarytheoryve00cull/page/31">31</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-285383-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-285383-7"><bdi>978-0-19-285383-7</bdi></a>. <q>Non-fictional discourse is usually embedded in a context that tells you how to take it: an instruction manual, a newspaper report, a letter from a charity. The context of fiction, though, explicitly leaves open the question of what the fiction is really about. Reference to the world is not so much a property of literary [that is, fictional] works as a function they are given by interpretation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+Theory%3A+A+Very+Short+Introduction&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-285383-7&rft.aulast=Culler&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fliterarytheoryve00cull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2008" class="citation book cs1">Wood, James (2008). <i>How Fiction Works</i>. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. p. xiii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Fiction+Works&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=xiii&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+%26+Giroux&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-subversive-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-subversive_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung1999" class="citation book cs1">Young, George W. (1999). <i>Subversive Symmetry. Exploring the Fantastic in Mark 6: 45–56</i>. Leiden: Brill. pp. 98, 106–109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-11428-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-11428-9"><bdi>90-04-11428-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Subversive+Symmetry.+Exploring+the+Fantastic+in+Mark+6%3A+45%E2%80%9356&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=98%2C+106-109&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=90-04-11428-9&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=George+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIftekharuddin2003" class="citation book cs1">Iftekharuddin, Frahat, ed. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=61w4hxtXnFUC&pg=PA23"><i>The Postmodern Short Story: Forms and Issues</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313323751" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313323751"><bdi>978-0313323751</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827205031/https://books.google.com/books?id=61w4hxtXnFUC">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Postmodern+Short+Story%3A+Forms+and+Issues&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0313323751&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D61w4hxtXnFUC%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenand2018" class="citation magazine cs1">Menand, Louis (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818133935/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/12/10/literary-hoaxes-and-the-ethics-of-authorship">"Literary Hoaxes and the Ethics of Authorship"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>. Condé Nast. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/12/10/literary-hoaxes-and-the-ethics-of-authorship">the original</a> on 18 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Literary+Hoaxes+and+the+Ethics+of+Authorship&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Menand&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2018%2F12%2F10%2Fliterary-hoaxes-and-the-ethics-of-authorship&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriend2017" class="citation journal cs1">Friend, Stacie (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/13997/1/13997.pdf">"The Real Foundation of Fictional Worlds"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Australasian Journal of Philosophy</i>. <b>95</b>: 29–42. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00048402.2016.1149736">10.1080/00048402.2016.1149736</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54200723">54200723</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180720061344/http://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/13997/1/13997.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 20 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Philosophy&rft.atitle=The+Real+Foundation+of+Fictional+Worlds&rft.volume=95&rft.pages=29-42&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00048402.2016.1149736&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A54200723%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Friend&rft.aufirst=Stacie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.bbk.ac.uk%2F13997%2F1%2F13997.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodsteinWeisberg2009" class="citation journal cs1">Goodstein, Joshua; Weisberg, Deena Skolnick (2009). "What Belongs in a Fictional World?". <i>Journal of Cognition and Culture</i>. <b>9</b> (1–2): 69–78. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F156853709X414647">10.1163/156853709X414647</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cognition+and+Culture&rft.atitle=What+Belongs+in+a+Fictional+World%3F&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=69-78&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F156853709X414647&rft.aulast=Goodstein&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft.au=Weisberg%2C+Deena+Skolnick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuzminski1979" class="citation journal cs1">Kuzminski, Adrian (1979). "Defending Historical Realism". <i>History and Theory</i>. <b>18</b> (3): 316–349. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2504534">10.2307/2504534</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0018-2656">0018-2656</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2504534">2504534</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=History+and+Theory&rft.atitle=Defending+Historical+Realism&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=316-349&rft.date=1979&rft.issn=0018-2656&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2504534%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2504534&rft.aulast=Kuzminski&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitmarsh2013" class="citation book cs1">Whitmarsh, Tim (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MTonAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11">"The "Invention of Fiction"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Beyond the Second Sophistic: Adventures in Greek Postclassicism</i>. University of California Press. pp. 11–34. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fcalifornia%2F9780520276819.001.0001">10.1525/california/9780520276819.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0520957022" title="Special:BookSources/978-0520957022"><bdi>978-0520957022</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818133923/https://academic.oup.com/california-scholarship-online/book/16354">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+%22Invention+of+Fiction%22&rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Second+Sophistic%3A+Adventures+in+Greek+Postclassicism&rft.pages=11-34&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fcalifornia%2F9780520276819.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0520957022&rft.aulast=Whitmarsh&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMTonAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlop1845" class="citation book cs1">Dunlop, John Colin (1845). <i>The History of Fiction</i> (3rd ed.). Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. pp. 46, 55–56.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Fiction&rft.pages=46%2C+55-56&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Brown%2C+Green%2C+and+Longmans&rft.date=1845&rft.aulast=Dunlop&rft.aufirst=John+Colin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2000" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Carroll B. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XXwYAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA19"><i>Don Quixote: The Quest for Modern Fiction</i></a>. Waveland Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1478609148" title="Special:BookSources/978-1478609148"><bdi>978-1478609148</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Don+Quixote%3A+The+Quest+for+Modern+Fiction&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Waveland+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1478609148&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Carroll+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXXwYAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChodat2015" class="citation book cs1">Chodat, Robert (2015). "The Novel". In Carroll, Noël; Gibson, John (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781317484363"><i>The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Literature</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 83–. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781315708935">10.4324/9781315708935</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-70893-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-70893-5"><bdi>978-1-315-70893-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827205033/https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9781315708935/routledge-companion-philosophy-literature-no%C3%ABl-carroll-john-gibson">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Novel&rft.btitle=The+Routledge+Companion+to+Philosophy+of+Literature&rft.pages=83-&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781315708935&rft.isbn=978-1-315-70893-5&rft.aulast=Chodat&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taylorfrancis.com%2Fbooks%2F9781317484363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2003" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Kristin (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BwtiQxE3SMAC&pg=PA19"><i>Storytelling in Film and Television</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674010635" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674010635"><bdi>978-0674010635</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storytelling+in+Film+and+Television&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0674010635&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBwtiQxE3SMAC%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNieszHolland1984" class="citation journal cs1">Niesz, Anthony J.; Holland, Norman N. (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/448277">"Interactive Fiction"</a>. <i>Critical Inquiry</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 110–129. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F448277">10.1086/448277</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0093-1896">0093-1896</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:224795950">224795950</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827205036/https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/448277">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Inquiry&rft.atitle=Interactive+Fiction&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=110-129&rft.date=1984&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A224795950%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0093-1896&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F448277&rft.aulast=Niesz&rft.aufirst=Anthony+J.&rft.au=Holland%2C+Norman+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.1086%2F448277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jones, Oliver. (2015). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/02/09/why-it-is-crucial-that-the-publishing-industry-embrace-fan-fiction.html">Why Fan Fiction is the Future of Publishing</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150519080208/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/02/09/why-it-is-crucial-that-the-publishing-industry-embrace-fan-fiction.html">Archived</a> 19 May 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. " <i>The Daily Beast</i>. The Daily Beast Company LLC.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarner2014" class="citation book cs1">Farner, Geir (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bookchor.com/book/9781623560249/literary-fiction-the-ways-we-read-narrative-literature"><i>Buy Literary Fiction: The Ways We Read Narrative Literature by Geir Farner online in India – Bookchor</i></a>. Bloomsbury Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1623560249" title="Special:BookSources/978-1623560249"><bdi>978-1623560249</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211206061845/https://www.bookchor.com/book/9781623560249/literary-fiction-the-ways-we-read-narrative-literature">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buy+Literary+Fiction%3A+The+Ways+We+Read+Narrative+Literature+by+Geir+Farner+online+in+India+%E2%80%93+Bookchor&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1623560249&rft.aulast=Farner&rft.aufirst=Geir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bookchor.com%2Fbook%2F9781623560249%2Fliterary-fiction-the-ways-we-read-narrative-literature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OD-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OD_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/american_english/literature">"Literature: definition"</a>. Oxford Learner's Dictionaries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210610161527/https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/american_english/literature">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Literature%3A+definition&rft.pub=Oxford+Learner%27s+Dictionaries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Famerican_english%2Fliterature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider-Mayerson2010" class="citation journal cs1">Schneider-Mayerson, Matthew (2010). "Popular Fiction Studies: The Advantages of a New Field". <i>Studies in Popular Culture</i>. <b>33</b> (1): 21–23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Popular+Culture&rft.atitle=Popular+Fiction+Studies%3A+The+Advantages+of+a+New+Field&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=21-23&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Schneider-Mayerson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slashdot.org/story/04/10/20/1518217/neal-stephenson-responds-with-wit-and-humor">"Neal Stephenson Responds With Wit and Humor"</a>. <i>Slashdot.org</i>. 20 October 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190820235715/https://slashdot.org/story/04/10/20/1518217/neal-stephenson-responds-with-wit-and-humor">Archived</a> from the original on 20 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slashdot.org&rft.atitle=Neal+Stephenson+Responds+With+Wit+and+Humor&rft.date=2004-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslashdot.org%2Fstory%2F04%2F10%2F20%2F1518217%2Fneal-stephenson-responds-with-wit-and-humor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrossman2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Grossman, Lev (28 May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,1198911-3,00.html">"Old Master in a Brave New World"</a>. <i>Time</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Old+Master+in+a+Brave+New+World&rft.date=2006-05-28&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Lev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fsubscriber%2Farticle%2F0%2C33009%2C1198911-3%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090203054558/http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/356">"<i>The Charlie Rose Show</i> from 14 June 2006 with John Updike"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/356">the original</a> on 3 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Charlie+Rose+Show+from+14+June+2006+with+John+Updike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.charlierose.com%2Fview%2Finterview%2F356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009180_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, p. 180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181–182-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009181–182_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, pp. 181–182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009179_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, p. 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaricks2009182_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaricks2009">Saricks 2009</a>, p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERafferty2011-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERafferty2011_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRafferty2011">Rafferty 2011</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Role_of_Narrative_Fiction_and_Semi-Fiction_in_Organizational_Studies-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Role_of_Narrative_Fiction_and_Semi-Fiction_in_Organizational_Studies_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitemanPhillips2006" class="citation journal cs1">Whiteman, G.; Phillips, N. 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Universal Publishers: Boca Raton. pp. 3–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090319043837/http://sfwa.org/awards/faq.htm">"What's the definition of a 'novella,' 'novelette,' etc.?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy_Writers_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America">Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sfwa.org/awards/faq.htm">the original</a> on 19 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science+Fiction+and+Fantasy+Writers+of+America&rft.atitle=What%27s+the+definition+of+a+%27novella%2C%27+%27novelette%2C%27+etc.%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsfwa.org%2Fawards%2Ffaq.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cuddon, J. A., <i>The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms</i> (1992). London: Penguin Books, 1999, p. 600.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.britannica.com/topic/Heart-of-Darkness">Heart of Darkness Novella by Conrad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170409081242/http://global.britannica.com/topic/Heart-of-Darkness">Archived</a> 9 April 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle1998" class="citation journal cs1">Doyle, Charlotte L. (1 January 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326934crj1101_4">"The Writer Tells: The Creative Process in the Writing of Literary Fiction"</a>. <i>Creativity Research Journal</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 29–37. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1207%2Fs15326934crj1101_4">10.1207/s15326934crj1101_4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1040-0419">1040-0419</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Creativity+Research+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Writer+Tells%3A+The+Creative+Process+in+the+Writing+of+Literary+Fiction&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=29-37&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1207%2Fs15326934crj1101_4&rft.issn=1040-0419&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Charlotte+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1207%2Fs15326934crj1101_4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2020/03/10/management-styles-and-machine-learning-a-case-of-life-imitating-art/?sh=15b8344d3c78">"Council Post: Management Styles and Machine Learning: A Case of Life Imitating Art"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Council+Post%3A+Management+Styles+and+Machine+Learning%3A+A+Case+of+Life+Imitating+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fforbestechcouncil%2F2020%2F03%2F10%2Fmanagement-styles-and-machine-learning-a-case-of-life-imitating-art%2F%3Fsh%3D15b8344d3c78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095816661;jsessionid=ACFEBF4C2417500C39F5778367259654">"Fictionalization"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Reference" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Reference">Oxford Reference</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fictionalization&rft.pub=Oxford+Reference&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fdisplay%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095816661%3Bjsessionid%3DACFEBF4C2417500C39F5778367259654&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRafferty2011" class="citation news cs1">Rafferty, Terrence (4 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/06/books/review/Rafferty-t.html">"Reluctant Seer"</a>. <i>The New York Times Sunday Book Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times+Sunday+Book+Review&rft.atitle=Reluctant+Seer&rft.date=2011-02-04&rft.aulast=Rafferty&rft.aufirst=Terrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F02%2F06%2Fbooks%2Freview%2FRafferty-t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaricks2009" class="citation book cs1">Saricks, Joyce (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/readersadvisoryg0002sari"><i>The Readers' Advisory Guide to Genre Fiction</i></a> (2nd ed.). ALA Editions. p. 402. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780838909898" title="Special:BookSources/9780838909898"><bdi>9780838909898</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Readers%27+Advisory+Guide+to+Genre+Fiction&rft.pages=402&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=ALA+Editions&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780838909898&rft.aulast=Saricks&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freadersadvisoryg0002sari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEco2017" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Eco" title="Umberto Eco">Eco, Umberto</a> (15 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sss.ut.ee/index.php/sss/article/view/SSS.2009.37.1-2.04">"On the ontology of fictional characters: A semiotic approach"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sign_Systems_Studies" title="Sign Systems Studies">Sign Systems Studies</a></i>. <b>37</b> (1/2): 82–98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12697%2FSSS.2009.37.1-2.04">10.12697/SSS.2009.37.1-2.04</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sign+Systems+Studies&rft.atitle=On+the+ontology+of+fictional+characters%3A+A+semiotic+approach&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=82-98&rft.date=2017-07-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12697%2FSSS.2009.37.1-2.04&rft.aulast=Eco&rft.aufirst=Umberto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sss.ut.ee%2Findex.php%2Fsss%2Farticle%2Fview%2FSSS.2009.37.1-2.04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiction" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiction&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>Fiction</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Fiction">Resources in your library</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Fiction</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fiction" class="extiw" title="wikt:fiction">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:_Fiction" class="extiw" title="c:Category: Fiction">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Fiction" class="extiw" title="q:Fiction">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Collaborative_play_writing" class="extiw" title="v:Collaborative play writing">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Fiction_tourism" class="extiw" title="voy:Fiction tourism">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160413172007/http://cle.ens-lyon.fr/anglais/kate-colquhoun-on-the-blurred-boundaries-between-fiction-and-non-fiction-166576.kjsp?RH=CDL">"Kate Colquhoun on the blurred boundaries between fiction and non-fiction"</a>, <i>La Clé des Langues</i>, 11 September 2012.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://talkingsilence.com">Example of a Serial Blog/Short Story Magazine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120081310/http://talkingsilence.com/">Archived</a> 20 January 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Narrative" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrative" title="Template:Narrative"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Narrative" title="Template talk:Narrative"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Narrative" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Narrative"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Narrative" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">Narrative</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Character_(arts)" title="Character (arts)">Character</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antagonist" title="Antagonist">Antagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archenemy" title="Archenemy">Archenemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_arc" title="Character arc">Character arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_flaw" title="Character flaw">Character flaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Characterization" title="Characterization">Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidant" title="Confidant">Confidant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuteragonist" title="Deuteragonist">Deuteragonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_protagonist" title="False protagonist">False protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focal_character" title="Focal character">Focal character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foil_(narrative)" title="Foil (narrative)">Foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_double" title="Gothic double">Gothic double</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamartia" title="Hamartia">Hamartia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antihero" title="Antihero">Anti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragic_hero" title="Tragic hero">Tragic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">Protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_character" title="Stock character">Stock character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">Straight man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supporting_character" title="Supporting character">Supporting character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_character" title="Title character">Title character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritagonist" title="Tritagonist">Tritagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villain" title="Villain">Villain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">Plot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ab_ovo" title="Ab ovo">Ab ovo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_(narrative)" title="Action (narrative)">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_story" title="Origin story">Origin story</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chekhov%27s_gun" title="Chekhov's gun">Chekhov's gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clich%C3%A9" title="Cliché">Cliché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliffhanger" title="Cliffhanger">Cliffhanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_(narrative)" title="Conflict (narrative)">Conflict</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">Deus ex machina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_in_writing" title="Dialogue in writing">Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Dramatic structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucatastrophe" title="Eucatastrophe">Eucatastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreshadowing" title="Foreshadowing">Foreshadowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashback_(narrative)" title="Flashback (narrative)">Flashback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashforward" title="Flashforward">Flashforward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_story" title="Frame story">Frame story</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_medias_res" title="In medias res">In medias res</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kish%C5%8Dtenketsu" title="Kishōtenketsu">Kishōtenketsu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacGuffin" title="MacGuffin">MacGuffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_(narrative)" title="Pace (narrative)">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_device" title="Plot device">Plot device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_twist" title="Plot twist">Plot twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_justice" title="Poetic justice">Poetic justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_herring" title="Red herring">Red herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reveal_(narrative)" title="Reveal (narrative)">Reveal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-insertion" title="Self-insertion">Self-insertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story" title="Shaggy dog story">Shaggy dog story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">Stereotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_arc" title="Story arc">Story arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within a story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subplot" title="Subplot">Subplot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspense" title="Suspense">Suspense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trope_(literature)" title="Trope (literature)">Trope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">Setting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(fiction)" title="Crossover (fiction)">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_world_(plot_device)" title="Dream world (plot device)">Dreamworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dystopia" title="Dystopia">Dystopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_location" title="Fictional location">Fictional location</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional city">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_country" title="Fictional country">country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">universe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">parallel</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldbuilding" title="Worldbuilding">Worldbuilding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">Theme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leitmotif" title="Leitmotif">Leitmotif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">Metaphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">Moral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_development" title="Moral development">Moral development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motif_(narrative)" title="Motif (narrative)">Motif</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deal_with_the_Devil" title="Deal with the Devil">Deal with the Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">Conflict between good and evil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy" title="Self-fulfilling prophecy">Self-fulfilling prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel" title="Time travel">Time travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Writing_style" title="Writing style">Style</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathos" title="Bathos">Bathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_relief" title="Comic relief">Comic relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diction" title="Diction">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">Figure of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagery" title="Imagery">Imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_(literature)" title="Mode (literature)">Mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mood_(literature)" title="Mood (literature)">Mood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_techniques" title="List of narrative techniques">Narrative techniques</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_hook" title="Narrative hook">Hook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show,_don%27t_tell" title="Show, don't tell">Show, don't tell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stylistic_device" title="Stylistic device">Stylistic device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_disbelief" title="Suspension of disbelief">Suspension of disbelief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tone_(literature)" title="Tone (literature)">Tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_(drama)" title="Act (drama)">Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Act structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">Three-act structure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freytag%27s_Pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Freytag's Pyramid">Freytag's Pyramid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_(narrative)" title="Exposition (narrative)">Exposition</a>/<a href="/wiki/Protasis" title="Protasis">Protasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitasis" title="Epitasis">Rising action/Epitasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">Climax</a>/<a href="/wiki/Peripeteia" title="Peripeteia">Peripeteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastasis" title="Catastasis">Falling action/Catastasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastrophe_(drama)" title="Catastrophe (drama)">Denouement/Catastrophe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrative structure">Linear narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonlinear_narrative" title="Nonlinear narrative">Nonlinear narrative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_films" title="List of nonlinear narrative films">films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_television_series" title="List of nonlinear narrative television series">television series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premise_(narrative)" title="Premise (narrative)">Premise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_fiction_with_multiple_endings" title="Types of fiction with multiple endings">Types of fiction with multiple endings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_forms" title="List of narrative forms">Form</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">Drama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fabliau" title="Fabliau">Fabliau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_fiction" title="Flash fiction">Flash fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">Fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">Legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">Myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tall_tale" title="Tall tale">Tall tale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamebook" title="Gamebook">Gamebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_art" title="Narrative art">Narrative art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">Narrative poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">Novella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">Short story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignette_(literature)" title="Vignette (literature)">Vignette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_genre" title="Literary genre">Genre</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_genres" title="List of writing genres">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_fiction" title="Action fiction">Action fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_fiction" title="Adventure fiction">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Comic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistolary_novel" title="Epistolary novel">Epistolary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergodic_literature" title="Ergodic literature">Ergodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_literature" title="Erotic literature">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">Mystery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_fiction" title="Nautical fiction">Nautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_fiction" title="Paranoid fiction">Paranoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_fiction" title="Philosophical fiction">Philosophical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picaresque_novel" title="Picaresque novel">Picaresque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_fiction" title="Political fiction">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_culture_fiction" title="Pop culture fiction">Pop culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_fiction" title="Psychological fiction">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspirational_fiction" title="Inspirational fiction">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_literature" title="Rogue literature">Rogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">Romance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">Chivalric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(prose_fiction)" title="Romance (prose fiction)">Prose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga" title="Saga">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_science_fiction" title="Hard science fiction">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_and_dystopian_fiction" title="Utopian and dystopian fiction">Utopian and dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_underwater_science_fiction_works" title="List of underwater science fiction works">Underwater</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superhero</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_fiction" title="Theological fiction">Theological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_fiction" title="Urban fiction">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonfiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonfiction">Nonfiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autobiography" title="Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biography" title="Biography">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-fiction_novel" title="Non-fiction novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creative_nonfiction" title="Creative nonfiction">Creative</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diegesis" title="Diegesis">Diegesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-person_narrative" title="First-person narrative">First-person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Second-person narrative">Second-person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person narrative">Third-person</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third-person_omniscient_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person omniscient narrative">Third-person omniscient narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration#Subjective_or_objective" title="Narration">Subjectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreliable_narrator" title="Unreliable narrator">Unreliable narrator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiperspectivity" title="Multiperspectivity">Multiple narrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_of_consciousness" title="Stream of consciousness">Stream of consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_of_unconsciousness" title="Stream of unconsciousness">Stream of unconsciousness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grammatical_tense" title="Grammatical tense">Tense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Past_tense" title="Past tense">Past</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Present_tense" title="Present tense">Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_tense" title="Future tense">Future</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominant_narrative" title="Dominant narrative">Dominant narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiction_writing" title="Fiction writing">Fiction writing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_(fiction)" title="Continuity (fiction)">Continuity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_(fiction)" title="Canon (fiction)">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reboot_(fiction)" title="Reboot (fiction)">Reboot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retroactive_continuity" title="Retroactive continuity">Retcon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_novel" title="Parallel novel">Parallel novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prequel" title="Prequel">Prequel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sequel" title="Sequel">Sequel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">Genre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_genres" title="List of genres">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">Literary science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_theory" title="Literary theory">Literary theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_identity" title="Narrative identity">Narrative identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_paradigm" title="Narrative paradigm">Narrative paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_therapy" title="Narrative therapy">Narrative therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narratology" title="Narratology">Narratology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">Metafiction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_narrative" title="Political narrative">Political narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">Rhetoric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms" title="Glossary of rhetorical terms">Glossary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">Screenwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storytelling" title="Storytelling">Storytelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellability" title="Tellability">Tellability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verisimilitude_(fiction)" title="Verisimilitude (fiction)">Verisimilitude</a></li></ul> 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