Using Facebook as an Alternative Learning Tool in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Using Facebook as an Alternative Learning Tool in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach</title> <meta name="description" content="Using Facebook as an Alternative Learning Tool in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach"> <meta name="keywords" content="Learning Management Tool, Social Networking, Education, Malaysia."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Using Facebook as an Alternative Learning Tool in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Ahasanul Haque"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Abdullah Sarwar"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Khaliq Ahmad"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2015/05/01"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="9"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="5"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1662"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="1669"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 33093</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Using Facebook as an Alternative Learning Tool in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahasanul%20Haque">Ahasanul Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdullah%20Sarwar"> Abdullah Sarwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khaliq%20Ahmad"> Khaliq Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Networking is important among students to achieve better understanding. Social networking plays an important role in the education. Realizing its huge potential, various organizations, including institutions of higher learning have moved to the area of social networks to interact with their students especially through Facebook. Therefore, measuring the effectiveness of Facebook as a learning tool has become an area of interest to academicians and researchers. Therefore, this study tried to integrate and propose new theoretical and empirical evidences by linking the western idea of adopting Facebook as an alternative learning platform from a Malaysian perspective. This study, thus, aimed to fill a gap by being among the pioneering research that tries to study the effectiveness of adopting Facebook as a learning platform across other cultural settings, namely Malaysia. Structural equation modeling was employed for data analysis and hypothesis testing. This study finding has provided some insights that would likely affect students’ awareness towards using Facebook as an alternative learning platform in the Malaysian higher learning institutions. At the end, future direction is proposed. <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10001480.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Learning%20Management%20Tool" title="Learning Management Tool">Learning Management Tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Social%20Networking" title=" Social Networking"> Social Networking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Education" title=" Education"> Education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Malaysia." title=" Malaysia."> Malaysia.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1106261" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1106261</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/using-facebook-as-an-alternative-learning-tool-in-malaysian-higher-learning-institutions-a-structural-equation-modeling-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001480.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2425</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] Hsu, P. L., & Yen, Y. H. (2012). Facebook as a Teaching Enhancement Tool to Facilitate College Student Learning: A Case Study. Paper presented at The 11th WSEAS International Conference on Education and Educational Technology (EDU '12). Singapore City, Singapore, May 11-13, pp. 42-47. <br>[2] Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, S95-S120. <br>[3] Educause Learning Initiative (ELI). (2006). 7 Things you should Know about Facebook. Retrieved from http://www.educause.edu/.../. <br>[4] Semo, R., & Karmel, T. (2011). Social Capital and Youth Transitions: Do Young People's Networks Improve Their Participation in Education and Training? Occasional Paper, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER), pp. 40. <br>[5] Junco, R. (2012). Too much face and not enough books: The relationship between multiple indices of Facebook use and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 187-198. <br>[6] Grossecka, G., Bran, R., & Tiru, L. (2011). Dear teacher, what should I write on my wall? A case study on academic uses of Facebook. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1425-1430. <br>[7] Economic Transformation Programme (ETP). (2010a). Definition of Education NKEA. In: Economic Transformation Programme: A Roadmap for Malaysia. Putra Jaya: PEMANDU, Prime Minister’s Department, pp. 553-587. <br>[8] Economic Transformation Programme (ETP). (2010b). Transforming Education as an Engine of Growth. In: Economic Transformation Programme: A Roadmap for Malaysia. Putra Jaya: PEMANDU, Prime Minister’s Department, pp. 475-509. <br>[9] Lim, T. (2010). The Use of Facebook for Online Discussions among Distance Learners. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 11(4), 72-81. <br>[10] Hamat, A., Embi, M. A., & Sulaiman, A. H. (2011). Learning Management Systems in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions. In: Embi, M. A. (ed.), e-Learning in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions: Status, Trends, & Challenges. Cheras: Percetakan Info Meditasi, pp. 29-50. <br>[11] Irwin, C., Ball, L. & Desbrow, B. (2012). Students’ perceptions of using Facebook as an interactive learning resource at university. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 28(7), 1221-1232. <br>[12] Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 9, 319-340. <br>[13] Huang, E. (2008). Use and gratification in e-consumers. Internet Research, 18(4), 405-426. <br>[14] Legris, P., Ingham, J., and Collerette, P. (2003). Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model. Information and Management, 40, 191–204. <br>[15] Ahn, T., Seewon, R., & Ingoo, H. (2004). The impact of the online and offline features on the user acceptance of internet shopping malls. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 3(4), 405-420. <br>[16] Al-Gahtani, S. (2001). The applicability of TAM outside North America: an empirical test in the United Kingdom. Information Resources Management Journal, 5(7/8), 37-46. <br>[17] Yousafzai, S. Y., Foxall, G. R., & Pallister, J. G. (2007). Technology acceptance: A meta-analysis of the TAM (Part 1). Journal of Modeling in Management, 2(3), 251-280. <br>[18] Kolek, E. A., & Saunders, D. (2008). Online disclosure: An empirical examination of undergraduate Facebook profiles. NASPA Journal, 45(1), 1–25. <br>[19] Karpinksi, A. C., & Duberstein, A. (2009). A description of Facebook use and academic performance among undergraduate and graduate students. Presented at the American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting, San Diego, California. <br>[20] Locke, L. (2007). The Future of Facebook. Time (New York). Retrieved from http://www.time.com/. <br>[21] Koerwer, S. (2007). One teenager’s advice to adults on how to avoid being creepy on Facebook. Computers in Libraries, 27(8), 40-53. <br>[22] Mack, D., Behler, A., & Roberts, B. (2007). Reaching students with Facebook: data and best practices. Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship, 8(2), 23-35. <br>[23] Kirschner, P. A., & Karpinski, A. C. (2010). Facebook and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1237-1245. <br>[24] Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., and Warsaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 983-1003. <br>[25] Dawson, S. (2006). A study of the relationship between student communication interaction and sense of community. The Internet and Higher Education, 9(3), 153–162. <br>[26] Driver, M. (2002). Exploring student perceptions of group interaction and class satisfaction in the web-enhanced classroom. The Internet and Higher Education, 5(1), 35–45. <br>[27] Yoon, C. and Kim, S. (2007). Convenience and TAM in a ubiquitous computing environment: The case of wireless LAN. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 6(1), 102-112. <br>[28] Chang, C., Yan, C., & Tseng, J. (2012). Perceived convenience in an extended technology acceptance model: Mobile technology and English learning for college students. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 28(5), 809-826. <br>[29] Chu, M., & Meulemans, Y. N. (2008). The problems and potential of MySpace and Facebook usage in academic libraries. Internet Reference Services Quarterly, 13(1), 69–85. <br>[30] Dillon, A., & Morris, G. M. (2006), “User acceptance of information technology theories and models,” in Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, vol. 31, M. Williams , Ed. Medford, NJ: Information Today, pp. 3-32. <br>[31] Dawson, S. (2006). A study of the relationship between student communication interaction and sense of community. The Internet and Higher Education, 9(3), 153–162. <br>[32] Driver, M. (2002). Exploring student perceptions of group interaction and class satisfaction in the web-enhanced classroom. The Internet and Higher Education, 5(1), 35–45. <br>[33] Ellison, N., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook ‘‘friends:’’ Social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer- Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143–1168. <br>[34] Lampe, C., Ellison, N., & Steinfield, C. (2006). A Face (book) in the crowd: Social searching vs. social browsing. In: Proceedings of ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (pp. 167–170). ACM Press. Available at http://portal.acm.org/citation. cfm?id=1180901. Retrieved on March 25, 2010 <br>[35] Roblyer, M., McDaniel, M., Webb, M., Herman, J., & Witty, J. V. (2010). Findings on Facebook in higher education: A comparison of college faculty and student uses and perceptions of social networking sites. Internet and Higher Education, 13(3), 134-140. <br>[36] Yoon, C. and Kim, S. (2007). Convenience and TAM in a ubiquitous computing environment: The case of wireless LAN. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 6(1), 102-112. <br>[37] Venkatesh, V. (2000). Determinants of perceived ease of use: integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model. Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342-365. <br>[38] Young, J. R. (2009). How not to lose face on Facebook, for professors. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 55(22), 1-9. <br>[39] Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. 5th ed. Free Press: New York. <br>[40] Acquisti, A., & Gross, R. (2006). Imagined communities: Awareness, information sharing, and privacy on the Facebook. In: The proceedings of privacy enhancing technology. Available at http://petworkshop.org/ 2006/preproc/preproc_03.pdf. Retrieved on March 29, 2013. <br>[41] Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques (2nded.). New Delhi: New Age International Publishers. <br>[42] Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for business: a skill-building approach (5thed.). Haddington: John Wiley & Sons. <br>[43] Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (2nded.). New York: Routledge. <br>[44] Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective (7th Global ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice-Hall. <br>[45] Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling (3rded.). New York: The Guilford Press. <br>[46] Zainudin, A. (2012). A Handbook on SEM: Structural Equation Modelling Using Amos Graphics (4thed.). Kelantan: University Technology MARA Press. </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Using Facebook as an Alternative Learning Tool in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach