CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title> Opinion - Gulf Times </title> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/images/favicon.png"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="index,follow"> <meta name="language" content="en"> <meta name="copyright" content="Gulf Times"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"> <meta name="description" content="Gulf Times - Qatar’s top-selling English daily newspaper published in Qatar and provide the latest information locally and internationally. Opinion" /> <meta name="keywords" content="أخبار الخليج، صحف خليجية، أخبار عربية، جريدة، صحف قطرية، قطر، الدوحة،الخليج، جرائد، الخليج العربي، العالم، أسعار العملات، العالم الإسلامي، الطقس، الثقافة، الرياضة، الفن، السياسة Qatar, qatar, QATAR, Gulf-Times,Gulf time,Qatary, daialy, newspapers,NEWSPAPERS, GULF, Doha, DOHA, doha, Newspaper, Arabic, newspaper, GCC News, gcc news, GCC Newspaper, Local, local, international news, business, politics, finance, political news, weather, exchange rates, prayer times, islam, stock market, printing, publishing, world, Doha news – Qatar news – Classified Qatar – Gulf – Doha – Gulf-times" /> <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0' > <meta property="og:title" content="Gulf Times"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Gulf Times - Qatar’s top-selling English daily newspaper published in Qatar and provide the latest information locally and internationally. Opinion" /> <meta property="og:url" content="http://www.gulf-times.com/opinion" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Gulf Times "/> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-11-27T13:30:45+03:00"> <meta property="og:image" content="http://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="http://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1285"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="857"> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Gulf Times"> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Gulf Times"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Gulf Times - Qatar’s top-selling English daily newspaper published in Qatar and provide the latest information locally and internationally. Opinion"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@thegulftimes"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@thegulftimes"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png"> <meta name="DC.title" lang="en" content="Opinion" /> <meta name="DC.description" lang="en" content="Gulf Times - Qatar’s top-selling English daily newspaper published in Qatar and provide the latest information locally and internationally. Opinion"/> <meta name="DC.date" content="2024-11-27" /> <meta name="DC.date.issued" content="2024-11-27" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Gulf Times" /> <meta name="DC.publisher" content="Gulf Times" /> <meta name="DC.language" content="en" /> <link href="https://www.gulf-times.com/opinion" rel="canonical" /> <script type='application/ld+json'> { "keywords": "[أخبار الخليج، صحف خليجية، أخبار عربية، جريدة، صحف قطرية، قطر، الدوحة،الخليج، جرائد، الخليج العربي، العالم، أسعار العملات، العالم الإسلامي، الطقس، الثقافة، الرياضة، الفن، السياسة Qatar, qatar, QATAR, Gulf-Times,Gulf time,Qatary, daialy, newspapers,NEWSPAPERS, GULF, Doha, DOHA, doha, Newspaper, Arabic, newspaper, GCC News, gcc news, GCC Newspaper, Local, local, international news, business, politics, finance, political news, weather, exchange rates, prayer times, islam, stock market, printing, publishing, world, Doha news – Qatar news – Classified Qatar – Gulf – Doha – Gulf-times]", "headline": "Gulf Times - Qatar’s top-selling English daily newspaper published in Qatar and provide the latest information locally and internationally. Opinion", "description": "Gulf Times - Qatar’s top-selling English daily newspaper published in Qatar and provide the latest information locally and internationally. Opinion", "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Website", "inLanguage":"en", "url": "http://www.gulf-times.com/opinion", "sameAs": ["https://www.instagram.com/gulftimes/","https://www.youtube.com/c/GulftimesVideos","https://twitter.com/GulfTimes_QATAR","https://www.facebook.com/gulftimes"], "@id": "https://www.gulf-times.com/#organization", "name": "Gulf Times", "logo": "http://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/images/logo.svg" } </script>  <script defer src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-8XEETJ0ER8"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() {dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); setTimeout("gtag('event', '15_sec_read', {'Read':'15 sec'})",15000 ); setTimeout("gtag('event', '30_sec_read', {'Read':'30 sec'})",30000 ); gtag('config', 'G-8XEETJ0ER8'); </script> <script> var is_mobile = /*! jQuery v3.5.1 | (c) JS Foundation and other contributors | jquery.org/license */ !function(e,t){"object"==typeof module&&"object"==typeof module.exports?module.exports=e.document?t(e,!0):function(e){if(!e.document){throw new Error("jQuery requires a window with a document")}return t(e)}:t(e)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:this,function(C,e){var t=[],r=Object.getPrototypeOf,s=t.slice,g=t.flat?function(e){return t.flat.call(e)}:function(e){return t.concat.apply([],e)},u=t.push,i=t.indexOf,n={},o=n.toString,v=n.hasOwnProperty,a=v.toString,l=a.call(Object),y={},m=function(e){return"function"==typeof e&&"number"!=typeof e.nodeType},x=function(e){return null!=e&&e===e.window},E=C.document,c={type:!0,src:!0,nonce:!0,noModule:!0};function b(e,t,n){var r,i,o=(n=n||E).createElement("script");if(o.text=e,t){for(r in c){(i=t[r]||t.getAttribute&&t.getAttribute(r))&&o.setAttribute(r,i)}}n.head.appendChild(o).parentNode.removeChild(o)}function w(e){return null==e?e+"":"object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e?n[o.call(e)]||"object":typeof e}var f="3.5.1",S=function(e,t){return new S.fn.init(e,t)};function p(e){var t=!!e&&"length" in e&&e.length,n=w(e);return !m(e)&&!x(e)&&("array"===n||0===t||"number"==typeof t&&0<t&&t-1 in e)}S.fn=S.prototype={jquery:f,constructor:S,length:0,toArray:function(){return s.call(this)},get:function(e){return null==e?s.call(this):e<0?this[e+this.length]:this[e]},pushStack:function(e){var t=S.merge(this.constructor(),e);return t.prevObject=this,t},each:function(e){return S.each(this,e)},map:function(n){return this.pushStack(S.map(this,function(e,t){return n.call(e,t,e)}))},slice:function(){return this.pushStack(s.apply(this,arguments))},first:function(){return this.eq(0)},last:function(){return this.eq(-1)},even:function(){return this.pushStack(S.grep(this,function(e,t){return(t+1)%2}))},odd:function(){return this.pushStack(S.grep(this,function(e,t){return t%2}))},eq:function(e){var t=this.length,n=+e+(e<0?t:0);return this.pushStack(0<=n&&n<t?[this[n]]:[])},end:function(){return this.prevObject||this.constructor()},push:u,sort:t.sort,splice:t.splice},S.extend=S.fn.extend=function(){var e,t,n,r,i,o,a=arguments[0]||{},s=1,u=arguments.length,l=!1;for("boolean"==typeof a&&(l=a,a=arguments[s]||{},s++),"object"==typeof a||m(a)||(a={}),s===u&&(a=this,s--);s<u;s++){if(null!=(e=arguments[s])){for(t in e){r=e[t],"__proto__"!==t&&a!==r&&(l&&r&&(S.isPlainObject(r)||(i=Array.isArray(r)))?(n=a[t],o=i&&!Array.isArray(n)?[]:i||S.isPlainObject(n)?n:{},i=!1,a[t]=S.extend(l,o,r)):void 0!==r&&(a[t]=r))}}}return a},S.extend({expando:"jQuery"+(f+Math.random()).replace(/\D/g,""),isReady:!0,error:function(e){throw new Error(e)},noop:function(){},isPlainObject:function(e){var t,n;return !(!e||"[object Object]"!==o.call(e))&&(!(t=r(e))||"function"==typeof(n=v.call(t,"constructor")&&t.constructor)&&a.call(n)===l)},isEmptyObject:function(e){var t;for(t in e){return !1}return !0},globalEval:function(e,t,n){b(e,{nonce:t&&t.nonce},n)},each:function(e,t){var n,r=0;if(p(e)){for(n=e.length;r<n;r++){if(!1===t.call(e[r],r,e[r])){break}}}else{for(r in e){if(!1===t.call(e[r],r,e[r])){break}}}return e},makeArray:function(e,t){var n=t||[];return null!=e&&(p(Object(e))?S.merge(n,"string"==typeof e?[e]:e):u.call(n,e)),n},inArray:function(e,t,n){return null==t?-1:i.call(t,e,n)},merge:function(e,t){for(var n=+t.length,r=0,i=e.length;r<n;r++){e[i++]=t[r]}return e.length=i,e},grep:function(e,t,n){for(var r=[],i=0,o=e.length,a=!n;i<o;i++){!t(e[i],i)!==a&&r.push(e[i])}return r},map:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=0,a=[];if(p(e)){for(r=e.length;o<r;o++){null!=(i=t(e[o],o,n))&&a.push(i)}}else{for(o in e){null!=(i=t(e[o],o,n))&&a.push(i)}}return g(a)},guid:1,support:y}),"function"==typeof Symbol&&(S.fn[Symbol.iterator]=t[Symbol.iterator]),S.each("Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error Symbol".split(" "),function(e,t){n["[object "+t+"]"]=t.toLowerCase()});var d=function(n){var e,d,b,o,i,h,f,g,w,u,l,T,C,a,E,v,s,c,y,S="sizzle"+1*new Date,p=n.document,k=0,r=0,m=ue(),x=ue(),A=ue(),N=ue(),D=function(e,t){return e===t&&(l=!0),0},j={}.hasOwnProperty,t=[],q=t.pop,L=t.push,H=t.push,O=t.slice,P=function(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++){if(e[n]===t){return n}}return -1},R="checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",M="[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]",I="(?:\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}"+M+"?|\\\\[^\\r\\n\\f]|[\\w-]|[^\0-\\x7f])+",W="\\["+M+"*("+I+")(?:"+M+"*([*^$|!~]?=)"+M+"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|("+I+"))|)"+M+"*\\]",F=":("+I+")(?:\$(('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|"+W+")*)|.*)\$|)",B=new RegExp(M+"+","g"),$=new RegExp("^"+M+"+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)"+M+"+$","g"),_=new RegExp("^"+M+"*,"+M+"*"),z=new RegExp("^"+M+"*([>+~]|"+M+")"+M+"*"),U=new RegExp(M+"|>"),X=new RegExp(F),V=new RegExp("^"+I+"$"),G={ID:new RegExp("^#("+I+")"),CLASS:new RegExp("^\\.("+I+")"),TAG:new RegExp("^("+I+"|[*])"),ATTR:new RegExp("^"+W),PSEUDO:new RegExp("^"+F),CHILD:new RegExp("^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\$"+M+"*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)"+M+"*(?:([+-]|)"+M+"*(\\d+)|))"+M+"*\$|)","i"),bool:new RegExp("^(?:"+R+")$","i"),needsContext:new RegExp("^"+M+"*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\$"+M+"*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)"+M+"*\$|)(?=[^-]|$)","i")},Y=/HTML$/i,Q=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,J=/^h\d$/i,K=/^[^{]+\{\s*\[native \w/,Z=/^(?:#([\w-]+)|(\w+)|\.([\w-]+))$/,ee=/[+~]/,te=new RegExp("\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}"+M+"?|\\\\([^\\r\\n\\f])","g"),ne=function(e,t){var n="0x"+e.slice(1)-65536;return t||(n<0?String.fromCharCode(n+65536):String.fromCharCode(n>>10|55296,1023&n|56320))},re=/([\0-\x1f\x7f]|^-?\d)|^-$|[^\0-\x1f\x7f-\uFFFF\w-]/g,ie=function(e,t){return t?"\0"===e?"\ufffd":e.slice(0,-1)+"\\"+e.charCodeAt(e.length-1).toString(16)+" ":"\\"+e},oe=function(){T()},ae=be(function(e){return !0===e.disabled&&"fieldset"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()},{dir:"parentNode",next:"legend"});try{H.apply(t=O.call(p.childNodes),p.childNodes),t[p.childNodes.length].nodeType}catch(e){H={apply:t.length?function(e,t){L.apply(e,O.call(t))}:function(e,t){var n=e.length,r=0;while(e[n++]=t[r++]){}e.length=n-1}}}function se(t,e,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f=e&&e.ownerDocument,p=e?e.nodeType:9;if(n=n||[],"string"!=typeof t||!t||1!==p&&9!==p&&11!==p){return n}if(!r&&(T(e),e=e||C,E)){if(11!==p&&(u=Z.exec(t))){if(i=u[1]){if(9===p){if(!(a=e.getElementById(i))){return n}if(a.id===i){return n.push(a),n}}else{if(f&&(a=f.getElementById(i))&&y(e,a)&&a.id===i){return n.push(a),n}}}else{if(u[2]){return H.apply(n,e.getElementsByTagName(t)),n}if((i=u[3])&&d.getElementsByClassName&&e.getElementsByClassName){return H.apply(n,e.getElementsByClassName(i)),n}}}if(d.qsa&&!N[t+" "]&&(!v||!v.test(t))&&(1!==p||"object"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())){if(c=t,f=e,1===p&&(U.test(t)||z.test(t))){(f=ee.test(t)&&ye(e.parentNode)||e)===e&&d.scope||((s=e.getAttribute("id"))?s=s.replace(re,ie):e.setAttribute("id",s=S)),o=(l=h(t)).length;while(o--){l[o]=(s?"#"+s:":scope")+" "+xe(l[o])}c=l.join(",")}try{return H.apply(n,f.querySelectorAll(c)),n}catch(e){N(t,!0)}finally{s===S&&e.removeAttribute("id")}}}return g(t.replace($,"$1"),e,n,r)}function ue(){var r=[];return function e(t,n){return r.push(t+" ")>b.cacheLength&&delete e[r.shift()],e[t+" "]=n}}function le(e){return e[S]=!0,e}function ce(e){var t=C.createElement("fieldset");try{return !!e(t)}catch(e){return !1}finally{t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.removeChild(t),t=null}}function fe(e,t){var n=e.split("|"),r=n.length;while(r--){b.attrHandle[n[r]]=t}}function pe(e,t){var n=t&&e,r=n&&1===e.nodeType&&1===t.nodeType&&e.sourceIndex-t.sourceIndex;if(r){return r}if(n){while(n=n.nextSibling){if(n===t){return -1}}}return e?1:-1}function de(t){return function(e){return"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&e.type===t}}function he(n){return function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return("input"===t||"button"===t)&&e.type===n}}function ge(t){return function(e){return"form" in e?e.parentNode&&!1===e.disabled?"label" in e?"label" in e.parentNode?e.parentNode.disabled===t:e.disabled===t:e.isDisabled===t||e.isDisabled!==!t&&ae(e)===t:e.disabled===t:"label" in e&&e.disabled===t}}function ve(a){return le(function(o){return o=+o,le(function(e,t){var n,r=a([],e.length,o),i=r.length;while(i--){e[n=r[i]]&&(e[n]=!(t[n]=e[n]))}})})}function ye(e){return e&&"undefined"!=typeof e.getElementsByTagName&&e}for(e in d=se.support={},i=se.isXML=function(e){var t=e.namespaceURI,n=(e.ownerDocument||e).documentElement;return !Y.test(t||n&&n.nodeName||"HTML")},T=se.setDocument=function(e){var t,n,r=e?e.ownerDocument||e:p;return r!=C&&9===r.nodeType&&r.documentElement&&(a=(C=r).documentElement,E=!i(C),p!=C&&(n=C.defaultView)&&n.top!==n&&(n.addEventListener?n.addEventListener("unload",oe,!1):n.attachEvent&&n.attachEvent("onunload",oe)),d.scope=ce(function(e){return a.appendChild(e).appendChild(C.createElement("div")),"undefined"!=typeof e.querySelectorAll&&!e.querySelectorAll(":scope fieldset div").length}),d.attributes=ce(function(e){return e.className="i",!e.getAttribute("className")}),d.getElementsByTagName=ce(function(e){return e.appendChild(C.createComment("")),!e.getElementsByTagName("*").length}),d.getElementsByClassName=K.test(C.getElementsByClassName),d.getById=ce(function(e){return a.appendChild(e).id=S,!C.getElementsByName||!C.getElementsByName(S).length}),d.getById?(b.filter.ID=function(e){var t=e.replace(te,ne);return function(e){return e.getAttribute("id")===t}},b.find.ID=function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementById&&E){var n=t.getElementById(e);return n?[n]:[]}}):(b.filter.ID=function(e){var n=e.replace(te,ne);return function(e){var t="undefined"!=typeof e.getAttributeNode&&e.getAttributeNode("id");return t&&t.value===n}},b.find.ID=function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementById&&E){var n,r,i,o=t.getElementById(e);if(o){if((n=o.getAttributeNode("id"))&&n.value===e){return[o]}i=t.getElementsByName(e),r=0;while(o=i[r++]){if((n=o.getAttributeNode("id"))&&n.value===e){return[o]}}}return[]}}),b.find.TAG=d.getElementsByTagName?function(e,t){return"undefined"!=typeof t.getElementsByTagName?t.getElementsByTagName(e):d.qsa?t.querySelectorAll(e):void 0}:function(e,t){var n,r=[],i=0,o=t.getElementsByTagName(e);if("*"===e){while(n=o[i++]){1===n.nodeType&&r.push(n)}return r}return o},b.find.CLASS=d.getElementsByClassName&&function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementsByClassName&&E){return t.getElementsByClassName(e)}},s=[],v=[],(d.qsa=K.test(C.querySelectorAll))&&(ce(function(e){var t;a.appendChild(e).innerHTML="<a id='"+S+"'></a><select id='"+S+"-\r\\' msallowcapture=''><option selected=''></option></select>",e.querySelectorAll("[msallowcapture^='']").length&&v.push("[*^$]="+M+"*(?:''|\"\")"),e.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length||v.push("\\["+M+"*(?:value|"+R+")"),e.querySelectorAll("[id~="+S+"-]").length||v.push("~="),(t=C.createElement("input")).setAttribute("name",""),e.appendChild(t),e.querySelectorAll("[name='']").length||v.push("\\["+M+"*name"+M+"*="+M+"*(?:''|\"\")"),e.querySelectorAll(":checked").length||v.push(":checked"),e.querySelectorAll("a#"+S+"+*").length||v.push(".#.+[+~]"),e.querySelectorAll("\\\f"),v.push("[\\r\\n\\f]")}),ce(function(e){e.innerHTML="<a href='' disabled='disabled'></a><select disabled='disabled'><option/></select>";var t=C.createElement("input");t.setAttribute("type","hidden"),e.appendChild(t).setAttribute("name","D"),e.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length&&v.push("name"+M+"*[*^$|!~]?="),2!==e.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length&&v.push(":enabled",":disabled"),a.appendChild(e).disabled=!0,2!==e.querySelectorAll(":disabled").length&&v.push(":enabled",":disabled"),e.querySelectorAll("*,:x"),v.push(",.*:")})),(d.matchesSelector=K.test(c=a.matches||a.webkitMatchesSelector||a.mozMatchesSelector||a.oMatchesSelector||a.msMatchesSelector))&&ce(function(e){d.disconnectedMatch=c.call(e,"*"),c.call(e,"[s!='']:x"),s.push("!=",F)}),v=v.length&&new RegExp(v.join("|")),s=s.length&&new RegExp(s.join("|")),t=K.test(a.compareDocumentPosition),y=t||K.test(a.contains)?function(e,t){var n=9===e.nodeType?e.documentElement:e,r=t&&t.parentNode;return e===r||!(!r||1!==r.nodeType||!(n.contains?n.contains(r):e.compareDocumentPosition&&16&e.compareDocumentPosition(r)))}:function(e,t){if(t){while(t=t.parentNode){if(t===e){return !0}}}return !1},D=t?function(e,t){if(e===t){return l=!0,0}var n=!e.compareDocumentPosition-!t.compareDocumentPosition;return n||(1&(n=(e.ownerDocument||e)==(t.ownerDocument||t)?e.compareDocumentPosition(t):1)||!d.sortDetached&&t.compareDocumentPosition(e)===n?e==C||e.ownerDocument==p&&y(p,e)?-1:t==C||t.ownerDocument==p&&y(p,t)?1:u?P(u,e)-P(u,t):0:4&n?-1:1)}:function(e,t){if(e===t){return l=!0,0}var n,r=0,i=e.parentNode,o=t.parentNode,a=[e],s=[t];if(!i||!o){return e==C?-1:t==C?1:i?-1:o?1:u?P(u,e)-P(u,t):0}if(i===o){return pe(e,t)}n=e;while(n=n.parentNode){a.unshift(n)}n=t;while(n=n.parentNode){s.unshift(n)}while(a[r]===s[r]){r++}return r?pe(a[r],s[r]):a[r]==p?-1:s[r]==p?1:0}),C},se.matches=function(e,t){return se(e,null,null,t)},se.matchesSelector=function(e,t){if(T(e),d.matchesSelector&&E&&!N[t+" "]&&(!s||!s.test(t))&&(!v||!v.test(t))){try{var n=c.call(e,t);if(n||d.disconnectedMatch||e.document&&11!==e.document.nodeType){return n}}catch(e){N(t,!0)}}return 0<se(t,C,null,[e]).length},se.contains=function(e,t){return(e.ownerDocument||e)!=C&&T(e),y(e,t)},se.attr=function(e,t){(e.ownerDocument||e)!=C&&T(e);var n=b.attrHandle[t.toLowerCase()],r=n&&j.call(b.attrHandle,t.toLowerCase())?n(e,t,!E):void 0;return void 0!==r?r:d.attributes||!E?e.getAttribute(t):(r=e.getAttributeNode(t))&&r.specified?r.value:null},se.escape=function(e){return(e+"").replace(re,ie)},se.error=function(e){throw new Error("Syntax error, unrecognized expression: "+e)},se.uniqueSort=function(e){var t,n=[],r=0,i=0;if(l=!d.detectDuplicates,u=!d.sortStable&&e.slice(0),e.sort(D),l){while(t=e[i++]){t===e[i]&&(r=n.push(i))}while(r--){e.splice(n[r],1)}}return u=null,e},o=se.getText=function(e){var t,n="",r=0,i=e.nodeType;if(i){if(1===i||9===i||11===i){if("string"==typeof e.textContent){return e.textContent}for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling){n+=o(e)}}else{if(3===i||4===i){return e.nodeValue}}}else{while(t=e[r++]){n+=o(t)}}return n},(b=se.selectors={cacheLength:50,createPseudo:le,match:G,attrHandle:{},find:{},relative:{">":{dir:"parentNode",first:!0}," ":{dir:"parentNode"},"+":{dir:"previousSibling",first:!0},"~":{dir:"previousSibling"}},preFilter:{ATTR:function(e){return e[1]=e[1].replace(te,ne),e[3]=(e[3]||e[4]||e[5]||"").replace(te,ne),"~="===e[2]&&(e[3]=" "+e[3]+" "),e.slice(0,4)},CHILD:function(e){return e[1]=e[1].toLowerCase(),"nth"===e[1].slice(0,3)?(e[3]||se.error(e[0]),e[4]=+(e[4]?e[5]+(e[6]||1):2*("even"===e[3]||"odd"===e[3])),e[5]=+(e[7]+e[8]||"odd"===e[3])):e[3]&&se.error(e[0]),e},PSEUDO:function(e){var t,n=!e[6]&&e[2];return G.CHILD.test(e[0])?null:(e[3]?e[2]=e[4]||e[5]||"":n&&X.test(n)&&(t=h(n,!0))&&(t=n.indexOf(")",n.length-t)-n.length)&&(e[0]=e[0].slice(0,t),e[2]=n.slice(0,t)),e.slice(0,3))}},filter:{TAG:function(e){var t=e.replace(te,ne).toLowerCase();return"*"===e?function(){return !0}:function(e){return e.nodeName&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase()===t}},CLASS:function(e){var t=m[e+" "];return t||(t=new RegExp("(^|"+M+")"+e+"("+M+"|$)"))&&m(e,function(e){return t.test("string"==typeof e.className&&e.className||"undefined"!=typeof e.getAttribute&&e.getAttribute("class")||"")})},ATTR:function(n,r,i){return function(e){var t=se.attr(e,n);return null==t?"!="===r:!r||(t+="","="===r?t===i:"!="===r?t!==i:"^="===r?i&&0===t.indexOf(i):"*="===r?i&&-1<t.indexOf(i):"$="===r?i&&t.slice(-i.length)===i:"~="===r?-1<(" "+t.replace(B," ")+" ").indexOf(i):"|="===r&&(t===i||t.slice(0,i.length+1)===i+"-"))}},CHILD:function(h,e,t,g,v){var y="nth"!==h.slice(0,3),m="last"!==h.slice(-4),x="of-type"===e;return 1===g&&0===v?function(e){return !!e.parentNode}:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l=y!==m?"nextSibling":"previousSibling",c=e.parentNode,f=x&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase(),p=!n&&!x,d=!1;if(c){if(y){while(l){a=e;while(a=a[l]){if(x?a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===f:1===a.nodeType){return !1}}u=l="only"===h&&!u&&"nextSibling"}return !0}if(u=[m?c.firstChild:c.lastChild],m&&p){d=(s=(r=(i=(o=(a=c)[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]||[])[0]===k&&r[1])&&r[2],a=s&&c.childNodes[s];while(a=++s&&a&&a[l]||(d=s=0)||u.pop()){if(1===a.nodeType&&++d&&a===e){i[h]=[k,s,d];break}}}else{if(p&&(d=s=(r=(i=(o=(a=e)[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]||[])[0]===k&&r[1]),!1===d){while(a=++s&&a&&a[l]||(d=s=0)||u.pop()){if((x?a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===f:1===a.nodeType)&&++d&&(p&&((i=(o=a[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]=[k,d]),a===e)){break}}}}return(d-=v)===g||d%g==0&&0<=d/g}}},PSEUDO:function(e,o){var t,a=b.pseudos[e]||b.setFilters[e.toLowerCase()]||se.error("unsupported pseudo: "+e);return a[S]?a(o):1<a.length?(t=[e,e,"",o],b.setFilters.hasOwnProperty(e.toLowerCase())?le(function(e,t){var n,r=a(e,o),i=r.length;while(i--){e[n=P(e,r[i])]=!(t[n]=r[i])}}):function(e){return a(e,0,t)}):a}},pseudos:{not:le(function(e){var r=[],i=[],s=f(e.replace($,"$1"));return s[S]?le(function(e,t,n,r){var i,o=s(e,null,r,[]),a=e.length;while(a--){(i=o[a])&&(e[a]=!(t[a]=i))}}):function(e,t,n){return r[0]=e,s(r,null,n,i),r[0]=null,!i.pop()}}),has:le(function(t){return function(e){return 0<se(t,e).length}}),contains:le(function(t){return t=t.replace(te,ne),function(e){return -1<(e.textContent||o(e)).indexOf(t)}}),lang:le(function(n){return V.test(n||"")||se.error("unsupported lang: "+n),n=n.replace(te,ne).toLowerCase(),function(e){var t;do{if(t=E?e.lang:e.getAttribute("xml:lang")||e.getAttribute("lang")){return(t=t.toLowerCase())===n||0===t.indexOf(n+"-")}}while((e=e.parentNode)&&1===e.nodeType);return !1}}),target:function(e){var t=n.location&&n.location.hash;return t&&t.slice(1)===e.id},root:function(e){return e===a},focus:function(e){return e===C.activeElement&&(!C.hasFocus||C.hasFocus())&&!!(e.type||e.href||~e.tabIndex)},enabled:ge(!1),disabled:ge(!0),checked:function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===t&&!!e.checked||"option"===t&&!!e.selected},selected:function(e){return e.parentNode&&e.parentNode.selectedIndex,!0===e.selected},empty:function(e){for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling){if(e.nodeType<6){return !1}}return !0},parent:function(e){return !b.pseudos.empty(e)},header:function(e){return J.test(e.nodeName)},input:function(e){return Q.test(e.nodeName)},button:function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===t&&"button"===e.type||"button"===t},text:function(e){var t;return"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&"text"===e.type&&(null==(t=e.getAttribute("type"))||"text"===t.toLowerCase())},first:ve(function(){return[0]}),last:ve(function(e,t){return[t-1]}),eq:ve(function(e,t,n){return[n<0?n+t:n]}),even:ve(function(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t;n+=2){e.push(n)}return e}),odd:ve(function(e,t){for(var n=1;n<t;n+=2){e.push(n)}return e}),lt:ve(function(e,t,n){for(var r=n<0?n+t:t<n?t:n;0<=--r;){e.push(r)}return e}),gt:ve(function(e,t,n){for(var r=n<0?n+t:n;++r<t;){e.push(r)}return e})}}).pseudos.nth=b.pseudos.eq,{radio:!0,checkbox:!0,file:!0,password:!0,image:!0}){b.pseudos[e]=de(e)}for(e in {submit:!0,reset:!0}){b.pseudos[e]=he(e)}function me(){}function xe(e){for(var t=0,n=e.length,r="";t<n;t++){r+=e[t].value}return r}function be(s,e,t){var u=e.dir,l=e.next,c=l||u,f=t&&"parentNode"===c,p=r++;return e.first?function(e,t,n){while(e=e[u]){if(1===e.nodeType||f){return s(e,t,n)}}return !1}:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=[k,p];if(n){while(e=e[u]){if((1===e.nodeType||f)&&s(e,t,n)){return !0}}}else{while(e=e[u]){if(1===e.nodeType||f){if(i=(o=e[S]||(e[S]={}))[e.uniqueID]||(o[e.uniqueID]={}),l&&l===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()){e=e[u]||e}else{if((r=i[c])&&r[0]===k&&r[1]===p){return a[2]=r[2]}if((i[c]=a)[2]=s(e,t,n)){return !0}}}}}return !1}}function we(i){return 1<i.length?function(e,t,n){var r=i.length;while(r--){if(!i[r](e,t,n)){return !1}}return !0}:i[0]}function Te(e,t,n,r,i){for(var o,a=[],s=0,u=e.length,l=null!=t;s<u;s++){(o=e[s])&&(n&&!n(o,r,i)||(a.push(o),l&&t.push(s)))}return a}function Ce(d,h,g,v,y,e){return v&&!v[S]&&(v=Ce(v)),y&&!y[S]&&(y=Ce(y,e)),le(function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s=[],u=[],l=t.length,c=e||function(e,t,n){for(var r=0,i=t.length;r<i;r++){se(e,t[r],n)}return n}(h||"*",n.nodeType?[n]:n,[]),f=!d||!e&&h?c:Te(c,s,d,n,r),p=g?y||(e?d:l||v)?[]:t:f;if(g&&g(f,p,n,r),v){i=Te(p,u),v(i,[],n,r),o=i.length;while(o--){(a=i[o])&&(p[u[o]]=!(f[u[o]]=a))}}if(e){if(y||d){if(y){i=[],o=p.length;while(o--){(a=p[o])&&i.push(f[o]=a)}y(null,p=[],i,r)}o=p.length;while(o--){(a=p[o])&&-1<(i=y?P(e,a):s[o])&&(e[i]=!(t[i]=a))}}}else{p=Te(p===t?p.splice(l,p.length):p),y?y(null,t,p,r):H.apply(t,p)}})}function Ee(e){for(var i,t,n,r=e.length,o=b.relative[e[0].type],a=o||b.relative[" "],s=o?1:0,u=be(function(e){return e===i},a,!0),l=be(function(e){return -1<P(i,e)},a,!0),c=[function(e,t,n){var r=!o&&(n||t!==w)||((i=t).nodeType?u(e,t,n):l(e,t,n));return i=null,r}];s<r;s++){if(t=b.relative[e[s].type]){c=[be(we(c),t)]}else{if((t=b.filter[e[s].type].apply(null,e[s].matches))[S]){for(n=++s;n<r;n++){if(b.relative[e[n].type]){break}}return Ce(1<s&&we(c),1<s&&xe(e.slice(0,s-1).concat({value:" "===e[s-2].type?"*":""})).replace($,"$1"),t,s<n&&Ee(e.slice(s,n)),n<r&&Ee(e=e.slice(n)),n<r&&xe(e))}c.push(t)}}return we(c)}return me.prototype=b.filters=b.pseudos,b.setFilters=new me,h=se.tokenize=function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s,u,l=x[e+" "];if(l){return t?0:l.slice(0)}a=e,s=[],u=b.preFilter;while(a){for(o in n&&!(r=_.exec(a))||(r&&(a=a.slice(r[0].length)||a),s.push(i=[])),n=!1,(r=z.exec(a))&&(n=r.shift(),i.push({value:n,type:r[0].replace($," ")}),a=a.slice(n.length)),b.filter){!(r=G[o].exec(a))||u[o]&&!(r=u[o](r))||(n=r.shift(),i.push({value:n,type:o,matches:r}),a=a.slice(n.length))}if(!n){break}}return t?a.length:a?se.error(e):x(e,s).slice(0)},f=se.compile=function(e,t){var n,v,y,m,x,r,i=[],o=[],a=A[e+" "];if(!a){t||(t=h(e)),n=t.length;while(n--){(a=Ee(t[n]))[S]?i.push(a):o.push(a)}(a=A(e,(v=o,m=0<(y=i).length,x=0<v.length,r=function(e,t,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u=0,l="0",c=e&&[],f=[],p=w,d=e||x&&b.find.TAG("*",i),h=k+=null==p?1:Math.random()||0.1,g=d.length;for(i&&(w=t==C||t||i);l!==g&&null!=(o=d[l]);l++){if(x&&o){a=0,t||o.ownerDocument==C||(T(o),n=!E);while(s=v[a++]){if(s(o,t||C,n)){r.push(o);break}}i&&(k=h)}m&&((o=!s&&o)&&u--,e&&c.push(o))}if(u+=l,m&&l!==u){a=0;while(s=y[a++]){s(c,f,t,n)}if(e){if(0<u){while(l--){c[l]||f[l]||(f[l]=q.call(r))}}f=Te(f)}H.apply(r,f),i&&!e&&0<f.length&&1<u+y.length&&se.uniqueSort(r)}return i&&(k=h,w=p),c},m?le(r):r))).selector=e}return a},g=se.select=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l="function"==typeof e&&e,c=!r&&h(e=l.selector||e);if(n=n||[],1===c.length){if(2<(o=c[0]=c[0].slice(0)).length&&"ID"===(a=o[0]).type&&9===t.nodeType&&E&&b.relative[o[1].type]){if(!(t=(b.find.ID(a.matches[0].replace(te,ne),t)||[])[0])){return n}l&&(t=t.parentNode),e=e.slice(o.shift().value.length)}i=G.needsContext.test(e)?0:o.length;while(i--){if(a=o[i],b.relative[s=a.type]){break}if((u=b.find[s])&&(r=u(a.matches[0].replace(te,ne),ee.test(o[0].type)&&ye(t.parentNode)||t))){if(o.splice(i,1),!(e=r.length&&xe(o))){return H.apply(n,r),n}break}}}return(l||f(e,c))(r,t,!E,n,!t||ee.test(e)&&ye(t.parentNode)||t),n},d.sortStable=S.split("").sort(D).join("")===S,d.detectDuplicates=!!l,T(),d.sortDetached=ce(function(e){return 1&e.compareDocumentPosition(C.createElement("fieldset"))}),ce(function(e){return e.innerHTML="<a href='#'></a>","#"===e.firstChild.getAttribute("href")})||fe("type|href|height|width",function(e,t,n){if(!n){return e.getAttribute(t,"type"===t.toLowerCase()?1:2)}}),d.attributes&&ce(function(e){return e.innerHTML="<input/>",e.firstChild.setAttribute("value",""),""===e.firstChild.getAttribute("value")})||fe("value",function(e,t,n){if(!n&&"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()){return e.defaultValue}}),ce(function(e){return null==e.getAttribute("disabled")})||fe(R,function(e,t,n){var r;if(!n){return !0===e[t]?t.toLowerCase():(r=e.getAttributeNode(t))&&r.specified?r.value:null}}),se}(C);S.find=d,S.expr=d.selectors,S.expr[":"]=S.expr.pseudos,S.uniqueSort=S.unique=d.uniqueSort,S.text=d.getText,S.isXMLDoc=d.isXML,S.contains=d.contains,S.escapeSelector=d.escape;var h=function(e,t,n){var r=[],i=void 0!==n;while((e=e[t])&&9!==e.nodeType){if(1===e.nodeType){if(i&&S(e).is(n)){break}r.push(e)}}return r},T=function(e,t){for(var n=[];e;e=e.nextSibling){1===e.nodeType&&e!==t&&n.push(e)}return n},k=S.expr.match.needsContext;function A(e,t){return e.nodeName&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase()===t.toLowerCase()}var N=/^<([a-z][^\/\0>:\x20\t\r\n\f]*)[\x20\t\r\n\f]*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/i;function D(e,n,r){return m(n)?S.grep(e,function(e,t){return !!n.call(e,t,e)!==r}):n.nodeType?S.grep(e,function(e){return e===n!==r}):"string"!=typeof n?S.grep(e,function(e){return -1<i.call(n,e)!==r}):S.filter(n,e,r)}S.filter=function(e,t,n){var r=t[0];return n&&(e=":not("+e+")"),1===t.length&&1===r.nodeType?S.find.matchesSelector(r,e)?[r]:[]:S.find.matches(e,S.grep(t,function(e){return 1===e.nodeType}))},S.fn.extend({find:function(e){var t,n,r=this.length,i=this;if("string"!=typeof e){return this.pushStack(S(e).filter(function(){for(t=0;t<r;t++){if(S.contains(i[t],this)){return !0}}}))}for(n=this.pushStack([]),t=0;t<r;t++){S.find(e,i[t],n)}return 1<r?S.uniqueSort(n):n},filter:function(e){return this.pushStack(D(this,e||[],!1))},not:function(e){return this.pushStack(D(this,e||[],!0))},is:function(e){return !!D(this,"string"==typeof e&&k.test(e)?S(e):e||[],!1).length}});var j,q=/^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]+))$/;(S.fn.init=function(e,t,n){var r,i;if(!e){return this}if(n=n||j,"string"==typeof e){if(!(r="<"===e[0]&&">"===e[e.length-1]&&3<=e.length?[null,e,null]:q.exec(e))||!r[1]&&t){return !t||t.jquery?(t||n).find(e):this.constructor(t).find(e)}if(r[1]){if(t=t instanceof S?t[0]:t,S.merge(this,S.parseHTML(r[1],t&&t.nodeType?t.ownerDocument||t:E,!0)),N.test(r[1])&&S.isPlainObject(t)){for(r in t){m(this[r])?this[r](t[r]):this.attr(r,t[r])}}return this}return(i=E.getElementById(r[2]))&&(this[0]=i,this.length=1),this}return e.nodeType?(this[0]=e,this.length=1,this):m(e)?void 0!==n.ready?n.ready(e):e(S):S.makeArray(e,this)}).prototype=S.fn,j=S(E);var L=/^(?:parents|prev(?:Until|All))/,H={children:!0,contents:!0,next:!0,prev:!0};function O(e,t){while((e=e[t])&&1!==e.nodeType){}return e}S.fn.extend({has:function(e){var t=S(e,this),n=t.length;return this.filter(function(){for(var e=0;e<n;e++){if(S.contains(this,t[e])){return !0}}})},closest:function(e,t){var n,r=0,i=this.length,o=[],a="string"!=typeof e&&S(e);if(!k.test(e)){for(;r<i;r++){for(n=this[r];n&&n!==t;n=n.parentNode){if(n.nodeType<11&&(a?-1<a.index(n):1===n.nodeType&&S.find.matchesSelector(n,e))){o.push(n);break}}}}return this.pushStack(1<o.length?S.uniqueSort(o):o)},index:function(e){return e?"string"==typeof e?i.call(S(e),this[0]):i.call(this,e.jquery?e[0]:e):this[0]&&this[0].parentNode?this.first().prevAll().length:-1},add:function(e,t){return this.pushStack(S.uniqueSort(S.merge(this.get(),S(e,t))))},addBack:function(e){return this.add(null==e?this.prevObject:this.prevObject.filter(e))}}),S.each({parent:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;return t&&11!==t.nodeType?t:null},parents:function(e){return h(e,"parentNode")},parentsUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"parentNode",n)},next:function(e){return O(e,"nextSibling")},prev:function(e){return O(e,"previousSibling")},nextAll:function(e){return h(e,"nextSibling")},prevAll:function(e){return h(e,"previousSibling")},nextUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"nextSibling",n)},prevUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"previousSibling",n)},siblings:function(e){return T((e.parentNode||{}).firstChild,e)},children:function(e){return T(e.firstChild)},contents:function(e){return null!=e.contentDocument&&r(e.contentDocument)?e.contentDocument:(A(e,"template")&&(e=e.content||e),S.merge([],e.childNodes))}},function(r,i){S.fn[r]=function(e,t){var n=S.map(this,i,e);return"Until"!==r.slice(-5)&&(t=e),t&&"string"==typeof t&&(n=S.filter(t,n)),1<this.length&&(H[r]||S.uniqueSort(n),L.test(r)&&n.reverse()),this.pushStack(n)}});var P=/[^\x20\t\r\n\f]+/g;function R(e){return e}function M(e){throw e}function I(e,t,n,r){var i;try{e&&m(i=e.promise)?i.call(e).done(t).fail(n):e&&m(i=e.then)?i.call(e,t,n):t.apply(void 0,[e].slice(r))}catch(e){n.apply(void 0,[e])}}S.Callbacks=function(r){var e,n;r="string"==typeof r?(e=r,n={},S.each(e.match(P)||[],function(e,t){n[t]=!0}),n):S.extend({},r);var i,t,o,a,s=[],u=[],l=-1,c=function(){for(a=a||r.once,o=i=!0;u.length;l=-1){t=u.shift();while(++l<s.length){!1===s[l].apply(t[0],t[1])&&r.stopOnFalse&&(l=s.length,t=!1)}}r.memory||(t=!1),i=!1,a&&(s=t?[]:"")},f={add:function(){return s&&(t&&!i&&(l=s.length-1,u.push(t)),function n(e){S.each(e,function(e,t){m(t)?r.unique&&f.has(t)||s.push(t):t&&t.length&&"string"!==w(t)&&n(t)})}(arguments),t&&!i&&c()),this},remove:function(){return S.each(arguments,function(e,t){var n;while(-1<(n=S.inArray(t,s,n))){s.splice(n,1),n<=l&&l--}}),this},has:function(e){return e?-1<S.inArray(e,s):0<s.length},empty:function(){return s&&(s=[]),this},disable:function(){return a=u=[],s=t="",this},disabled:function(){return !s},lock:function(){return a=u=[],t||i||(s=t=""),this},locked:function(){return !!a},fireWith:function(e,t){return a||(t=[e,(t=t||[]).slice?t.slice():t],u.push(t),i||c()),this},fire:function(){return f.fireWith(this,arguments),this},fired:function(){return !!o}};return f},S.extend({Deferred:function(e){var o=[["notify","progress",S.Callbacks("memory"),S.Callbacks("memory"),2],["resolve","done",S.Callbacks("once memory"),S.Callbacks("once memory"),0,"resolved"],["reject","fail",S.Callbacks("once memory"),S.Callbacks("once memory"),1,"rejected"]],i="pending",a={state:function(){return i},always:function(){return s.done(arguments).fail(arguments),this},"catch":function(e){return a.then(null,e)},pipe:function(){var i=arguments;return S.Deferred(function(r){S.each(o,function(e,t){var n=m(i[t[4]])&&i[t[4]];s[t[1]](function(){var e=n&&n.apply(this,arguments);e&&m(e.promise)?e.promise().progress(r.notify).done(r.resolve).fail(r.reject):r[t[0]+"With"](this,n?[e]:arguments)})}),i=null}).promise()},then:function(t,n,r){var u=0;function l(i,o,a,s){return function(){var n=this,r=arguments,e=function(){var e,t;if(!(i<u)){if((e=a.apply(n,r))===o.promise()){throw new TypeError("Thenable self-resolution")}t=e&&("object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e)&&e.then,m(t)?s?t.call(e,l(u,o,R,s),l(u,o,M,s)):(u++,t.call(e,l(u,o,R,s),l(u,o,M,s),l(u,o,R,o.notifyWith))):(a!==R&&(n=void 0,r=[e]),(s||o.resolveWith)(n,r))}},t=s?e:function(){try{e()}catch(e){S.Deferred.exceptionHook&&S.Deferred.exceptionHook(e,t.stackTrace),u<=i+1&&(a!==M&&(n=void 0,r=[e]),o.rejectWith(n,r))}};i?t():(S.Deferred.getStackHook&&(t.stackTrace=S.Deferred.getStackHook()),C.setTimeout(t))}}return S.Deferred(function(e){o[0][3].add(l(0,e,m(r)?r:R,e.notifyWith)),o[1][3].add(l(0,e,m(t)?t:R)),o[2][3].add(l(0,e,m(n)?n:M))}).promise()},promise:function(e){return null!=e?S.extend(e,a):a}},s={};return S.each(o,function(e,t){var n=t[2],r=t[5];a[t[1]]=n.add,r&&n.add(function(){i=r},o[3-e][2].disable,o[3-e][3].disable,o[0][2].lock,o[0][3].lock),n.add(t[3].fire),s[t[0]]=function(){return s[t[0]+"With"](this===s?void 0:this,arguments),this},s[t[0]+"With"]=n.fireWith}),a.promise(s),e&&e.call(s,s),s},when:function(e){var n=arguments.length,t=n,r=Array(t),i=s.call(arguments),o=S.Deferred(),a=function(t){return function(e){r[t]=this,i[t]=1<arguments.length?s.call(arguments):e,--n||o.resolveWith(r,i)}};if(n<=1&&(I(e,o.done(a(t)).resolve,o.reject,!n),"pending"===o.state()||m(i[t]&&i[t].then))){return o.then()}while(t--){I(i[t],a(t),o.reject)}return o.promise()}});var W=/^(Eval|Internal|Range|Reference|Syntax|Type|URI)Error$/;S.Deferred.exceptionHook=function(e,t){C.console&&C.console.warn&&e&&W.test(e.name)&&C.console.warn("jQuery.Deferred exception: "+e.message,e.stack,t)},S.readyException=function(e){C.setTimeout(function(){throw e})};var F=S.Deferred();function B(){E.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",B),C.removeEventListener("load",B),S.ready()}S.fn.ready=function(e){return F.then(e)["catch"](function(e){S.readyException(e)}),this},S.extend({isReady:!1,readyWait:1,ready:function(e){(!0===e?--S.readyWait:S.isReady)||(S.isReady=!0)!==e&&0<--S.readyWait||F.resolveWith(E,[S])}}),S.ready.then=F.then,"complete"===E.readyState||"loading"!==E.readyState&&!E.documentElement.doScroll?C.setTimeout(S.ready):(E.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",B),C.addEventListener("load",B));var $=function(e,t,n,r,i,o,a){var s=0,u=e.length,l=null==n;if("object"===w(n)){for(s in i=!0,n){$(e,t,s,n[s],!0,o,a)}}else{if(void 0!==r&&(i=!0,m(r)||(a=!0),l&&(a?(t.call(e,r),t=null):(l=t,t=function(e,t,n){return l.call(S(e),n)})),t)){for(;s<u;s++){t(e[s],n,a?r:r.call(e[s],s,t(e[s],n)))}}}return i?e:l?t.call(e):u?t(e[0],n):o},_=/^-ms-/,z=/-([a-z])/g;function U(e,t){return t.toUpperCase()}function X(e){return e.replace(_,"ms-").replace(z,U)}var V=function(e){return 1===e.nodeType||9===e.nodeType||!+e.nodeType};function G(){this.expando=S.expando+G.uid++}G.uid=1,G.prototype={cache:function(e){var t=e[this.expando];return t||(t={},V(e)&&(e.nodeType?e[this.expando]=t:Object.defineProperty(e,this.expando,{value:t,configurable:!0}))),t},set:function(e,t,n){var r,i=this.cache(e);if("string"==typeof t){i[X(t)]=n}else{for(r in t){i[X(r)]=t[r]}}return i},get:function(e,t){return void 0===t?this.cache(e):e[this.expando]&&e[this.expando][X(t)]},access:function(e,t,n){return void 0===t||t&&"string"==typeof t&&void 0===n?this.get(e,t):(this.set(e,t,n),void 0!==n?n:t)},remove:function(e,t){var n,r=e[this.expando];if(void 0!==r){if(void 0!==t){n=(t=Array.isArray(t)?t.map(X):(t=X(t)) in r?[t]:t.match(P)||[]).length;while(n--){delete r[t[n]]}}(void 0===t||S.isEmptyObject(r))&&(e.nodeType?e[this.expando]=void 0:delete e[this.expando])}},hasData:function(e){var t=e[this.expando];return void 0!==t&&!S.isEmptyObject(t)}};var Y=new G,Q=new G,J=/^(?:\{[\w\W]*\}|\[[\w\W]*\])$/,K=/[A-Z]/g;function Z(e,t,n){var r,i;if(void 0===n&&1===e.nodeType){if(r="data-"+t.replace(K,"-$&").toLowerCase(),"string"==typeof(n=e.getAttribute(r))){try{n="true"===(i=n)||"false"!==i&&("null"===i?null:i===+i+""?+i:J.test(i)?JSON.parse(i):i)}catch(e){}Q.set(e,t,n)}else{n=void 0}}return n}S.extend({hasData:function(e){return Q.hasData(e)||Y.hasData(e)},data:function(e,t,n){return Q.access(e,t,n)},removeData:function(e,t){Q.remove(e,t)},_data:function(e,t,n){return Y.access(e,t,n)},_removeData:function(e,t){Y.remove(e,t)}}),S.fn.extend({data:function(n,e){var t,r,i,o=this[0],a=o&&o.attributes;if(void 0===n){if(this.length&&(i=Q.get(o),1===o.nodeType&&!Y.get(o,"hasDataAttrs"))){t=a.length;while(t--){a[t]&&0===(r=a[t].name).indexOf("data-")&&(r=X(r.slice(5)),Z(o,r,i[r]))}Y.set(o,"hasDataAttrs",!0)}return i}return"object"==typeof n?this.each(function(){Q.set(this,n)}):$(this,function(e){var t;if(o&&void 0===e){return void 0!==(t=Q.get(o,n))?t:void 0!==(t=Z(o,n))?t:void 0}this.each(function(){Q.set(this,n,e)})},null,e,1<arguments.length,null,!0)},removeData:function(e){return this.each(function(){Q.remove(this,e)})}}),S.extend({queue:function(e,t,n){var r;if(e){return t=(t||"fx")+"queue",r=Y.get(e,t),n&&(!r||Array.isArray(n)?r=Y.access(e,t,S.makeArray(n)):r.push(n)),r||[]}},dequeue:function(e,t){t=t||"fx";var n=S.queue(e,t),r=n.length,i=n.shift(),o=S._queueHooks(e,t);"inprogress"===i&&(i=n.shift(),r--),i&&("fx"===t&&n.unshift("inprogress"),delete o.stop,i.call(e,function(){S.dequeue(e,t)},o)),!r&&o&&o.empty.fire()},_queueHooks:function(e,t){var n=t+"queueHooks";return Y.get(e,n)||Y.access(e,n,{empty:S.Callbacks("once memory").add(function(){Y.remove(e,[t+"queue",n])})})}}),S.fn.extend({queue:function(t,n){var e=2;return"string"!=typeof t&&(n=t,t="fx",e--),arguments.length<e?S.queue(this[0],t):void 0===n?this:this.each(function(){var e=S.queue(this,t,n);S._queueHooks(this,t),"fx"===t&&"inprogress"!==e[0]&&S.dequeue(this,t)})},dequeue:function(e){return this.each(function(){S.dequeue(this,e)})},clearQueue:function(e){return this.queue(e||"fx",[])},promise:function(e,t){var n,r=1,i=S.Deferred(),o=this,a=this.length,s=function(){--r||i.resolveWith(o,[o])};"string"!=typeof e&&(t=e,e=void 0),e=e||"fx";while(a--){(n=Y.get(o[a],e+"queueHooks"))&&n.empty&&(r++,n.empty.add(s))}return s(),i.promise(t)}});var ee=/[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/.source,te=new RegExp("^(?:([+-])=|)("+ee+")([a-z%]*)$","i"),ne=["Top","Right","Bottom","Left"],re=E.documentElement,ie=function(e){return S.contains(e.ownerDocument,e)},oe={composed:!0};re.getRootNode&&(ie=function(e){return S.contains(e.ownerDocument,e)||e.getRootNode(oe)===e.ownerDocument});var ae=function(e,t){return"none"===(e=t||e).style.display||""===e.style.display&&ie(e)&&"none"===S.css(e,"display")};function se(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a=20,s=r?function(){return r.cur()}:function(){return S.css(e,t,"")},u=s(),l=n&&n[3]||(S.cssNumber[t]?"":"px"),c=e.nodeType&&(S.cssNumber[t]||"px"!==l&&+u)&&te.exec(S.css(e,t));if(c&&c[3]!==l){u/=2,l=l||c[3],c=+u||1;while(a--){S.style(e,t,c+l),(1-o)*(1-(o=s()/u||0.5))<=0&&(a=0),c/=o}c*=2,S.style(e,t,c+l),n=n||[]}return n&&(c=+c||+u||0,i=n[1]?c+(n[1]+1)*n[2]:+n[2],r&&(r.unit=l,r.start=c,r.end=i)),i}var ue={};function le(e,t){for(var n,r,i,o,a,s,u,l=[],c=0,f=e.length;c<f;c++){(r=e[c]).style&&(n=r.style.display,t?("none"===n&&(l[c]=Y.get(r,"display")||null,l[c]||(r.style.display="")),""===r.style.display&&ae(r)&&(l[c]=(u=a=o=void 0,a=(i=r).ownerDocument,s=i.nodeName,(u=ue[s])||(o=a.body.appendChild(a.createElement(s)),u=S.css(o,"display"),o.parentNode.removeChild(o),"none"===u&&(u="block"),ue[s]=u)))):"none"!==n&&(l[c]="none",Y.set(r,"display",n)))}for(c=0;c<f;c++){null!=l[c]&&(e[c].style.display=l[c])}return e}S.fn.extend({show:function(){return le(this,!0)},hide:function(){return le(this)},toggle:function(e){return"boolean"==typeof e?e?this.show():this.hide():this.each(function(){ae(this)?S(this).show():S(this).hide()})}});var ce,fe,pe=/^(?:checkbox|radio)$/i,de=/<([a-z][^\/\0>\x20\t\r\n\f]*)/i,he=/^$|^module$|\/(?:java|ecma)script/i;ce=E.createDocumentFragment().appendChild(E.createElement("div")),(fe=E.createElement("input")).setAttribute("type","radio"),fe.setAttribute("checked","checked"),fe.setAttribute("name","t"),ce.appendChild(fe),y.checkClone=ce.cloneNode(!0).cloneNode(!0).lastChild.checked,ce.innerHTML="<textarea>x</textarea>",y.noCloneChecked=!!ce.cloneNode(!0).lastChild.defaultValue,ce.innerHTML="<option></option>",y.option=!!ce.lastChild;var ge={thead:[1,"<table>","</table>"],col:[2,"<table><colgroup>","</colgroup></table>"],tr:[2,"<table><tbody>","</tbody></table>"],td:[3,"<table><tbody><tr>","</tr></tbody></table>"],_default:[0,"",""]};function ve(e,t){var n;return n="undefined"!=typeof e.getElementsByTagName?e.getElementsByTagName(t||"*"):"undefined"!=typeof e.querySelectorAll?e.querySelectorAll(t||"*"):[],void 0===t||t&&A(e,t)?S.merge([e],n):n}function ye(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++){Y.set(e[n],"globalEval",!t||Y.get(t[n],"globalEval"))}}ge.tbody=ge.tfoot=ge.colgroup=ge.caption=ge.thead,ge.th=ge.td,y.option||(ge.optgroup=ge.option=[1,"<select multiple='multiple'>","</select>"]);var me=/<|&#?\w+;/;function xe(e,t,n,r,i){for(var o,a,s,u,l,c,f=t.createDocumentFragment(),p=[],d=0,h=e.length;d<h;d++){if((o=e[d])||0===o){if("object"===w(o)){S.merge(p,o.nodeType?[o]:o)}else{if(me.test(o)){a=a||f.appendChild(t.createElement("div")),s=(de.exec(o)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase(),u=ge[s]||ge._default,a.innerHTML=u[1]+S.htmlPrefilter(o)+u[2],c=u[0];while(c--){a=a.lastChild}S.merge(p,a.childNodes),(a=f.firstChild).textContent=""}else{p.push(t.createTextNode(o))}}}}f.textContent="",d=0;while(o=p[d++]){if(r&&-1<S.inArray(o,r)){i&&i.push(o)}else{if(l=ie(o),a=ve(f.appendChild(o),"script"),l&&ye(a),n){c=0;while(o=a[c++]){he.test(o.type||"")&&n.push(o)}}}}return f}var be=/^key/,we=/^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu|drag|drop)|click/,Te=/^([^.]*)(?:\.(.+)|)/;function Ce(){return !0}function Ee(){return !1}function Se(e,t){return e===function(){try{return E.activeElement}catch(e){}}()==("focus"===t)}function ke(e,t,n,r,i,o){var a,s;if("object"==typeof t){for(s in "string"!=typeof n&&(r=r||n,n=void 0),t){ke(e,s,n,r,t[s],o)}return e}if(null==r&&null==i?(i=n,r=n=void 0):null==i&&("string"==typeof n?(i=r,r=void 0):(i=r,r=n,n=void 0)),!1===i){i=Ee}else{if(!i){return e}}return 1===o&&(a=i,(i=function(e){return S().off(e),a.apply(this,arguments)}).guid=a.guid||(a.guid=S.guid++)),e.each(function(){S.event.add(this,t,i,r,n)})}function Ae(e,i,o){o?(Y.set(e,i,!1),S.event.add(e,i,{namespace:!1,handler:function(e){var t,n,r=Y.get(this,i);if(1&e.isTrigger&&this[i]){if(r.length){(S.event.special[i]||{}).delegateType&&e.stopPropagation()}else{if(r=s.call(arguments),Y.set(this,i,r),t=o(this,i),this[i](),r!==(n=Y.get(this,i))||t?Y.set(this,i,!1):n={},r!==n){return e.stopImmediatePropagation(),e.preventDefault(),n.value}}}else{r.length&&(Y.set(this,i,{value:S.event.trigger(S.extend(r[0],S.Event.prototype),r.slice(1),this)}),e.stopImmediatePropagation())}}})):void 0===Y.get(e,i)&&S.event.add(e,i,Ce)}S.event={global:{},add:function(t,e,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p,d,h,g,v=Y.get(t);if(V(t)){n.handler&&(n=(o=n).handler,i=o.selector),i&&S.find.matchesSelector(re,i),n.guid||(n.guid=S.guid++),(u=v.events)||(u=v.events=Object.create(null)),(a=v.handle)||(a=v.handle=function(e){return"undefined"!=typeof S&&S.event.triggered!==e.type?S.event.dispatch.apply(t,arguments):void 0}),l=(e=(e||"").match(P)||[""]).length;while(l--){d=g=(s=Te.exec(e[l])||[])[1],h=(s[2]||"").split(".").sort(),d&&(f=S.event.special[d]||{},d=(i?f.delegateType:f.bindType)||d,f=S.event.special[d]||{},c=S.extend({type:d,origType:g,data:r,handler:n,guid:n.guid,selector:i,needsContext:i&&S.expr.match.needsContext.test(i),namespace:h.join(".")},o),(p=u[d])||((p=u[d]=[]).delegateCount=0,f.setup&&!1!==f.setup.call(t,r,h,a)||t.addEventListener&&t.addEventListener(d,a)),f.add&&(f.add.call(t,c),c.handler.guid||(c.handler.guid=n.guid)),i?p.splice(p.delegateCount++,0,c):p.push(c),S.event.global[d]=!0)}}},remove:function(e,t,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p,d,h,g,v=Y.hasData(e)&&Y.get(e);if(v&&(u=v.events)){l=(t=(t||"").match(P)||[""]).length;while(l--){if(d=g=(s=Te.exec(t[l])||[])[1],h=(s[2]||"").split(".").sort(),d){f=S.event.special[d]||{},p=u[d=(r?f.delegateType:f.bindType)||d]||[],s=s[2]&&new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"),a=o=p.length;while(o--){c=p[o],!i&&g!==c.origType||n&&n.guid!==c.guid||s&&!s.test(c.namespace)||r&&r!==c.selector&&("**"!==r||!c.selector)||(p.splice(o,1),c.selector&&p.delegateCount--,f.remove&&f.remove.call(e,c))}a&&!p.length&&(f.teardown&&!1!==f.teardown.call(e,h,v.handle)||S.removeEvent(e,d,v.handle),delete u[d])}else{for(d in u){S.event.remove(e,d+t[l],n,r,!0)}}}S.isEmptyObject(u)&&Y.remove(e,"handle events")}},dispatch:function(e){var t,n,r,i,o,a,s=new Array(arguments.length),u=S.event.fix(e),l=(Y.get(this,"events")||Object.create(null))[u.type]||[],c=S.event.special[u.type]||{};for(s[0]=u,t=1;t<arguments.length;t++){s[t]=arguments[t]}if(u.delegateTarget=this,!c.preDispatch||!1!==c.preDispatch.call(this,u)){a=S.event.handlers.call(this,u,l),t=0;while((i=a[t++])&&!u.isPropagationStopped()){u.currentTarget=i.elem,n=0;while((o=i.handlers[n++])&&!u.isImmediatePropagationStopped()){u.rnamespace&&!1!==o.namespace&&!u.rnamespace.test(o.namespace)||(u.handleObj=o,u.data=o.data,void 0!==(r=((S.event.special[o.origType]||{}).handle||o.handler).apply(i.elem,s))&&!1===(u.result=r)&&(u.preventDefault(),u.stopPropagation()))}}return c.postDispatch&&c.postDispatch.call(this,u),u.result}},handlers:function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s=[],u=t.delegateCount,l=e.target;if(u&&l.nodeType&&!("click"===e.type&&1<=e.button)){for(;l!==this;l=l.parentNode||this){if(1===l.nodeType&&("click"!==e.type||!0!==l.disabled)){for(o=[],a={},n=0;n<u;n++){void 0===a[i=(r=t[n]).selector+" "]&&(a[i]=r.needsContext?-1<S(i,this).index(l):S.find(i,this,null,[l]).length),a[i]&&o.push(r)}o.length&&s.push({elem:l,handlers:o})}}}return l=this,u<t.length&&s.push({elem:l,handlers:t.slice(u)}),s},addProp:function(t,e){Object.defineProperty(S.Event.prototype,t,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:m(e)?function(){if(this.originalEvent){return e(this.originalEvent)}}:function(){if(this.originalEvent){return this.originalEvent[t]}},set:function(e){Object.defineProperty(this,t,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0,value:e})}})},fix:function(e){return e[S.expando]?e:new S.Event(e)},special:{load:{noBubble:!0},click:{setup:function(e){var t=this||e;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Ae(t,"click",Ce),!1},trigger:function(e){var t=this||e;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Ae(t,"click"),!0},_default:function(e){var t=e.target;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Y.get(t,"click")||A(t,"a")}},beforeunload:{postDispatch:function(e){void 0!==e.result&&e.originalEvent&&(e.originalEvent.returnValue=e.result)}}}},S.removeEvent=function(e,t,n){e.removeEventListener&&e.removeEventListener(t,n)},S.Event=function(e,t){if(!(this instanceof S.Event)){return new S.Event(e,t)}e&&e.type?(this.originalEvent=e,this.type=e.type,this.isDefaultPrevented=e.defaultPrevented||void 0===e.defaultPrevented&&!1===e.returnValue?Ce:Ee,this.target=e.target&&3===e.target.nodeType?e.target.parentNode:e.target,this.currentTarget=e.currentTarget,this.relatedTarget=e.relatedTarget):this.type=e,t&&S.extend(this,t),this.timeStamp=e&&e.timeStamp||Date.now(),this[S.expando]=!0},S.Event.prototype={constructor:S.Event,isDefaultPrevented:Ee,isPropagationStopped:Ee,isImmediatePropagationStopped:Ee,isSimulated:!1,preventDefault:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isDefaultPrevented=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.preventDefault()},stopPropagation:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isPropagationStopped=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.stopPropagation()},stopImmediatePropagation:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isImmediatePropagationStopped=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.stopImmediatePropagation(),this.stopPropagation()}},S.each({altKey:!0,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0,changedTouches:!0,ctrlKey:!0,detail:!0,eventPhase:!0,metaKey:!0,pageX:!0,pageY:!0,shiftKey:!0,view:!0,"char":!0,code:!0,charCode:!0,key:!0,keyCode:!0,button:!0,buttons:!0,clientX:!0,clientY:!0,offsetX:!0,offsetY:!0,pointerId:!0,pointerType:!0,screenX:!0,screenY:!0,targetTouches:!0,toElement:!0,touches:!0,which:function(e){var t=e.button;return null==e.which&&be.test(e.type)?null!=e.charCode?e.charCode:e.keyCode:!e.which&&void 0!==t&&we.test(e.type)?1&t?1:2&t?3:4&t?2:0:e.which}},S.event.addProp),S.each({focus:"focusin",blur:"focusout"},function(e,t){S.event.special[e]={setup:function(){return Ae(this,e,Se),!1},trigger:function(){return Ae(this,e),!0},delegateType:t}}),S.each({mouseenter:"mouseover",mouseleave:"mouseout",pointerenter:"pointerover",pointerleave:"pointerout"},function(e,i){S.event.special[e]={delegateType:i,bindType:i,handle:function(e){var t,n=e.relatedTarget,r=e.handleObj;return n&&(n===this||S.contains(this,n))||(e.type=r.origType,t=r.handler.apply(this,arguments),e.type=i),t}}}),S.fn.extend({on:function(e,t,n,r){return ke(this,e,t,n,r)},one:function(e,t,n,r){return ke(this,e,t,n,r,1)},off:function(e,t,n){var r,i;if(e&&e.preventDefault&&e.handleObj){return r=e.handleObj,S(e.delegateTarget).off(r.namespace?r.origType+"."+r.namespace:r.origType,r.selector,r.handler),this}if("object"==typeof e){for(i in e){this.off(i,t,e[i])}return this}return !1!==t&&"function"!=typeof t||(n=t,t=void 0),!1===n&&(n=Ee),this.each(function(){S.event.remove(this,e,n,t)})}});var Ne=/<script|<style|<link/i,De=/checked\s*(?:[^=]|=\s*.checked.)/i,je=/^\s*<!(?:\[CDATA\[|--)|(?:\]\]|--)>\s*$/g;function qe(e,t){return A(e,"table")&&A(11!==t.nodeType?t:t.firstChild,"tr")&&S(e).children("tbody")[0]||e}function Le(e){return e.type=(null!==e.getAttribute("type"))+"/"+e.type,e}function He(e){return"true/"===(e.type||"").slice(0,5)?e.type=e.type.slice(5):e.removeAttribute("type"),e}function Oe(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s;if(1===t.nodeType){if(Y.hasData(e)&&(s=Y.get(e).events)){for(i in Y.remove(t,"handle events"),s){for(n=0,r=s[i].length;n<r;n++){S.event.add(t,i,s[i][n])}}}Q.hasData(e)&&(o=Q.access(e),a=S.extend({},o),Q.set(t,a))}}function Pe(n,r,i,o){r=g(r);var e,t,a,s,u,l,c=0,f=n.length,p=f-1,d=r[0],h=m(d);if(h||1<f&&"string"==typeof d&&!y.checkClone&&De.test(d)){return n.each(function(e){var t=n.eq(e);h&&(r[0]=d.call(this,e,t.html())),Pe(t,r,i,o)})}if(f&&(t=(e=xe(r,n[0].ownerDocument,!1,n,o)).firstChild,1===e.childNodes.length&&(e=t),t||o)){for(s=(a=S.map(ve(e,"script"),Le)).length;c<f;c++){u=e,c!==p&&(u=S.clone(u,!0,!0),s&&S.merge(a,ve(u,"script"))),i.call(n[c],u,c)}if(s){for(l=a[a.length-1].ownerDocument,S.map(a,He),c=0;c<s;c++){u=a[c],he.test(u.type||"")&&!Y.access(u,"globalEval")&&S.contains(l,u)&&(u.src&&"module"!==(u.type||"").toLowerCase()?S._evalUrl&&!u.noModule&&S._evalUrl(u.src,{nonce:u.nonce||u.getAttribute("nonce")},l):b(u.textContent.replace(je,""),u,l))}}}return n}function Re(e,t,n){for(var r,i=t?S.filter(t,e):e,o=0;null!=(r=i[o]);o++){n||1!==r.nodeType||S.cleanData(ve(r)),r.parentNode&&(n&&ie(r)&&ye(ve(r,"script")),r.parentNode.removeChild(r))}return e}S.extend({htmlPrefilter:function(e){return e},clone:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l,c=e.cloneNode(!0),f=ie(e);if(!(y.noCloneChecked||1!==e.nodeType&&11!==e.nodeType||S.isXMLDoc(e))){for(a=ve(c),r=0,i=(o=ve(e)).length;r<i;r++){s=o[r],u=a[r],void 0,"input"===(l=u.nodeName.toLowerCase())&&pe.test(s.type)?u.checked=s.checked:"input"!==l&&"textarea"!==l||(u.defaultValue=s.defaultValue)}}if(t){if(n){for(o=o||ve(e),a=a||ve(c),r=0,i=o.length;r<i;r++){Oe(o[r],a[r])}}else{Oe(e,c)}}return 0<(a=ve(c,"script")).length&&ye(a,!f&&ve(e,"script")),c},cleanData:function(e){for(var t,n,r,i=S.event.special,o=0;void 0!==(n=e[o]);o++){if(V(n)){if(t=n[Y.expando]){if(t.events){for(r in t.events){i[r]?S.event.remove(n,r):S.removeEvent(n,r,t.handle)}}n[Y.expando]=void 0}n[Q.expando]&&(n[Q.expando]=void 0)}}}}),S.fn.extend({detach:function(e){return Re(this,e,!0)},remove:function(e){return Re(this,e)},text:function(e){return $(this,function(e){return void 0===e?S.text(this):this.empty().each(function(){1!==this.nodeType&&11!==this.nodeType&&9!==this.nodeType||(this.textContent=e)})},null,e,arguments.length)},append:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){1!==this.nodeType&&11!==this.nodeType&&9!==this.nodeType||qe(this,e).appendChild(e)})},prepend:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){if(1===this.nodeType||11===this.nodeType||9===this.nodeType){var t=qe(this,e);t.insertBefore(e,t.firstChild)}})},before:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(e,this)})},after:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(e,this.nextSibling)})},empty:function(){for(var e,t=0;null!=(e=this[t]);t++){1===e.nodeType&&(S.cleanData(ve(e,!1)),e.textContent="")}return this},clone:function(e,t){return e=null!=e&&e,t=null==t?e:t,this.map(function(){return S.clone(this,e,t)})},html:function(e){return $(this,function(e){var t=this[0]||{},n=0,r=this.length;if(void 0===e&&1===t.nodeType){return t.innerHTML}if("string"==typeof e&&!Ne.test(e)&&!ge[(de.exec(e)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase()]){e=S.htmlPrefilter(e);try{for(;n<r;n++){1===(t=this[n]||{}).nodeType&&(S.cleanData(ve(t,!1)),t.innerHTML=e)}t=0}catch(e){}}t&&this.empty().append(e)},null,e,arguments.length)},replaceWith:function(){var n=[];return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){var t=this.parentNode;S.inArray(this,n)<0&&(S.cleanData(ve(this)),t&&t.replaceChild(e,this))},n)}}),S.each({appendTo:"append",prependTo:"prepend",insertBefore:"before",insertAfter:"after",replaceAll:"replaceWith"},function(e,a){S.fn[e]=function(e){for(var t,n=[],r=S(e),i=r.length-1,o=0;o<=i;o++){t=o===i?this:this.clone(!0),S(r[o])[a](t),u.apply(n,t.get())}return this.pushStack(n)}});var Me=new RegExp("^("+ee+")(?!px)[a-z%]+$","i"),Ie=function(e){var t=e.ownerDocument.defaultView;return t&&t.opener||(t=C),t.getComputedStyle(e)},We=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o={};for(i in t){o[i]=e.style[i],e.style[i]=t[i]}for(i in r=n.call(e),t){e.style[i]=o[i]}return r},Fe=new RegExp(ne.join("|"),"i");function Be(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s=e.style;return(n=n||Ie(e))&&(""!==(a=n.getPropertyValue(t)||n[t])||ie(e)||(a=S.style(e,t)),!y.pixelBoxStyles()&&Me.test(a)&&Fe.test(t)&&(r=s.width,i=s.minWidth,o=s.maxWidth,s.minWidth=s.maxWidth=s.width=a,a=n.width,s.width=r,s.minWidth=i,s.maxWidth=o)),void 0!==a?a+"":a}function $e(e,t){return{get:function(){if(!e()){return(this.get=t).apply(this,arguments)}delete this.get}}}!function(){function e(){if(l){u.style.cssText="position:absolute;left:-11111px;width:60px;margin-top:1px;padding:0;border:0",l.style.cssText="position:relative;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;overflow:scroll;margin:auto;border:1px;padding:1px;width:60%;top:1%",re.appendChild(u).appendChild(l);var e=C.getComputedStyle(l);n="1%"!==e.top,s=12===t(e.marginLeft),l.style.right="60%",o=36===t(e.right),r=36===t(e.width),l.style.position="absolute",i=12===t(l.offsetWidth/3),re.removeChild(u),l=null}}function t(e){return Math.round(parseFloat(e))}var n,r,i,o,a,s,u=E.createElement("div"),l=E.createElement("div");l.style&&(l.style.backgroundClip="content-box",l.cloneNode(!0).style.backgroundClip="",y.clearCloneStyle="content-box"===l.style.backgroundClip,S.extend(y,{boxSizingReliable:function(){return e(),r},pixelBoxStyles:function(){return e(),o},pixelPosition:function(){return e(),n},reliableMarginLeft:function(){return e(),s},scrollboxSize:function(){return e(),i},reliableTrDimensions:function(){var e,t,n,r;return null==a&&(e=E.createElement("table"),t=E.createElement("tr"),n=E.createElement("div"),e.style.cssText="position:absolute;left:-11111px",t.style.height="1px",n.style.height="9px",re.appendChild(e).appendChild(t).appendChild(n),r=C.getComputedStyle(t),a=3<parseInt(r.height),re.removeChild(e)),a}}))}();var _e=["Webkit","Moz","ms"],ze=E.createElement("div").style,Ue={};function Xe(e){var t=S.cssProps[e]||Ue[e];return t||(e in ze?e:Ue[e]=function(e){var t=e[0].toUpperCase()+e.slice(1),n=_e.length;while(n--){if((e=_e[n]+t) in ze){return e}}}(e)||e)}var Ve=/^(none|table(?!-c[ea]).+)/,Ge=/^--/,Ye={position:"absolute",visibility:"hidden",display:"block"},Qe={letterSpacing:"0",fontWeight:"400"};function Je(e,t,n){var r=te.exec(t);return r?Math.max(0,r[2]-(n||0))+(r[3]||"px"):t}function Ke(e,t,n,r,i,o){var a="width"===t?1:0,s=0,u=0;if(n===(r?"border":"content")){return 0}for(;a<4;a+=2){"margin"===n&&(u+=S.css(e,n+ne[a],!0,i)),r?("content"===n&&(u-=S.css(e,"padding"+ne[a],!0,i)),"margin"!==n&&(u-=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i))):(u+=S.css(e,"padding"+ne[a],!0,i),"padding"!==n?u+=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i):s+=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i))}return !r&&0<=o&&(u+=Math.max(0,Math.ceil(e["offset"+t[0].toUpperCase()+t.slice(1)]-o-u-s-0.5))||0),u}function Ze(e,t,n){var r=Ie(e),i=(!y.boxSizingReliable()||n)&&"border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,r),o=i,a=Be(e,t,r),s="offset"+t[0].toUpperCase()+t.slice(1);if(Me.test(a)){if(!n){return a}a="auto"}return(!y.boxSizingReliable()&&i||!y.reliableTrDimensions()&&A(e,"tr")||"auto"===a||!parseFloat(a)&&"inline"===S.css(e,"display",!1,r))&&e.getClientRects().length&&(i="border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,r),(o=s in e)&&(a=e[s])),(a=parseFloat(a)||0)+Ke(e,t,n||(i?"border":"content"),o,r,a)+"px"}function et(e,t,n,r,i){return new et.prototype.init(e,t,n,r,i)}S.extend({cssHooks:{opacity:{get:function(e,t){if(t){var n=Be(e,"opacity");return""===n?"1":n}}}},cssNumber:{animationIterationCount:!0,columnCount:!0,fillOpacity:!0,flexGrow:!0,flexShrink:!0,fontWeight:!0,gridArea:!0,gridColumn:!0,gridColumnEnd:!0,gridColumnStart:!0,gridRow:!0,gridRowEnd:!0,gridRowStart:!0,lineHeight:!0,opacity:!0,order:!0,orphans:!0,widows:!0,zIndex:!0,zoom:!0},cssProps:{},style:function(e,t,n,r){if(e&&3!==e.nodeType&&8!==e.nodeType&&e.style){var i,o,a,s=X(t),u=Ge.test(t),l=e.style;if(u||(t=Xe(s)),a=S.cssHooks[t]||S.cssHooks[s],void 0===n){return a&&"get" in a&&void 0!==(i=a.get(e,!1,r))?i:l[t]}"string"===(o=typeof n)&&(i=te.exec(n))&&i[1]&&(n=se(e,t,i),o="number"),null!=n&&n==n&&("number"!==o||u||(n+=i&&i[3]||(S.cssNumber[s]?"":"px")),y.clearCloneStyle||""!==n||0!==t.indexOf("background")||(l[t]="inherit"),a&&"set" in a&&void 0===(n=a.set(e,n,r))||(u?l.setProperty(t,n):l[t]=n))}},css:function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s=X(t);return Ge.test(t)||(t=Xe(s)),(a=S.cssHooks[t]||S.cssHooks[s])&&"get" in a&&(i=a.get(e,!0,n)),void 0===i&&(i=Be(e,t,r)),"normal"===i&&t in Qe&&(i=Qe[t]),""===n||n?(o=parseFloat(i),!0===n||isFinite(o)?o||0:i):i}}),S.each(["height","width"],function(e,u){S.cssHooks[u]={get:function(e,t,n){if(t){return !Ve.test(S.css(e,"display"))||e.getClientRects().length&&e.getBoundingClientRect().width?Ze(e,u,n):We(e,Ye,function(){return Ze(e,u,n)})}},set:function(e,t,n){var r,i=Ie(e),o=!y.scrollboxSize()&&"absolute"===i.position,a=(o||n)&&"border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,i),s=n?Ke(e,u,n,a,i):0;return a&&o&&(s-=Math.ceil(e["offset"+u[0].toUpperCase()+u.slice(1)]-parseFloat(i[u])-Ke(e,u,"border",!1,i)-0.5)),s&&(r=te.exec(t))&&"px"!==(r[3]||"px")&&(e.style[u]=t,t=S.css(e,u)),Je(0,t,s)}}}),S.cssHooks.marginLeft=$e(y.reliableMarginLeft,function(e,t){if(t){return(parseFloat(Be(e,"marginLeft"))||e.getBoundingClientRect().left-We(e,{marginLeft:0},function(){return e.getBoundingClientRect().left}))+"px"}}),S.each({margin:"",padding:"",border:"Width"},function(i,o){S.cssHooks[i+o]={expand:function(e){for(var t=0,n={},r="string"==typeof e?e.split(" "):[e];t<4;t++){n[i+ne[t]+o]=r[t]||r[t-2]||r[0]}return n}},"margin"!==i&&(S.cssHooks[i+o].set=Je)}),S.fn.extend({css:function(e,t){return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r,i,o={},a=0;if(Array.isArray(t)){for(r=Ie(e),i=t.length;a<i;a++){o[t[a]]=S.css(e,t[a],!1,r)}return o}return void 0!==n?S.style(e,t,n):S.css(e,t)},e,t,1<arguments.length)}}),((S.Tween=et).prototype={constructor:et,init:function(e,t,n,r,i,o){this.elem=e,this.prop=n,this.easing=i||S.easing._default,this.options=t,this.start=this.now=this.cur(),this.end=r,this.unit=o||(S.cssNumber[n]?"":"px")},cur:function(){var e=et.propHooks[this.prop];return e&&e.get?e.get(this):et.propHooks._default.get(this)},run:function(e){var t,n=et.propHooks[this.prop];return this.options.duration?this.pos=t=S.easing[this.easing](e,this.options.duration*e,0,1,this.options.duration):this.pos=t=e,this.now=(this.end-this.start)*t+this.start,this.options.step&&this.options.step.call(this.elem,this.now,this),n&&n.set?n.set(this):et.propHooks._default.set(this),this}}).init.prototype=et.prototype,(et.propHooks={_default:{get:function(e){var t;return 1!==e.elem.nodeType||null!=e.elem[e.prop]&&null==e.elem.style[e.prop]?e.elem[e.prop]:(t=S.css(e.elem,e.prop,""))&&"auto"!==t?t:0},set:function(e){S.fx.step[e.prop]?S.fx.step[e.prop](e):1!==e.elem.nodeType||!S.cssHooks[e.prop]&&null==e.elem.style[Xe(e.prop)]?e.elem[e.prop]=e.now:S.style(e.elem,e.prop,e.now+e.unit)}}}).scrollTop=et.propHooks.scrollLeft={set:function(e){e.elem.nodeType&&e.elem.parentNode&&(e.elem[e.prop]=e.now)}},S.easing={linear:function(e){return e},swing:function(e){return 0.5-Math.cos(e*Math.PI)/2},_default:"swing"},S.fx=et.prototype.init,S.fx.step={};var tt,nt,rt,it,ot=/^(?:toggle|show|hide)$/,at=/queueHooks$/;function st(){nt&&(!1===E.hidden&&C.requestAnimationFrame?C.requestAnimationFrame(st):C.setTimeout(st,S.fx.interval),S.fx.tick())}function ut(){return C.setTimeout(function(){tt=void 0}),tt=Date.now()}function lt(e,t){var n,r=0,i={height:e};for(t=t?1:0;r<4;r+=2-t){i["margin"+(n=ne[r])]=i["padding"+n]=e}return t&&(i.opacity=i.width=e),i}function ct(e,t,n){for(var r,i=(ft.tweeners[t]||[]).concat(ft.tweeners["*"]),o=0,a=i.length;o<a;o++){if(r=i[o].call(n,t,e)){return r}}}function ft(o,e,t){var n,a,r=0,i=ft.prefilters.length,s=S.Deferred().always(function(){delete u.elem}),u=function(){if(a){return !1}for(var e=tt||ut(),t=Math.max(0,l.startTime+l.duration-e),n=1-(t/l.duration||0),r=0,i=l.tweens.length;r<i;r++){l.tweens[r].run(n)}return s.notifyWith(o,[l,n,t]),n<1&&i?t:(i||s.notifyWith(o,[l,1,0]),s.resolveWith(o,[l]),!1)},l=s.promise({elem:o,props:S.extend({},e),opts:S.extend(!0,{specialEasing:{},easing:S.easing._default},t),originalProperties:e,originalOptions:t,startTime:tt||ut(),duration:t.duration,tweens:[],createTween:function(e,t){var n=S.Tween(o,l.opts,e,t,l.opts.specialEasing[e]||l.opts.easing);return l.tweens.push(n),n},stop:function(e){var t=0,n=e?l.tweens.length:0;if(a){return this}for(a=!0;t<n;t++){l.tweens[t].run(1)}return e?(s.notifyWith(o,[l,1,0]),s.resolveWith(o,[l,e])):s.rejectWith(o,[l,e]),this}}),c=l.props;for(!function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a;for(n in e){if(i=t[r=X(n)],o=e[n],Array.isArray(o)&&(i=o[1],o=e[n]=o[0]),n!==r&&(e[r]=o,delete e[n]),(a=S.cssHooks[r])&&"expand" in a){for(n in o=a.expand(o),delete e[r],o){n in e||(e[n]=o[n],t[n]=i)}}else{t[r]=i}}}(c,l.opts.specialEasing);r<i;r++){if(n=ft.prefilters[r].call(l,o,c,l.opts)){return m(n.stop)&&(S._queueHooks(l.elem,l.opts.queue).stop=n.stop.bind(n)),n}}return S.map(c,ct,l),m(l.opts.start)&&l.opts.start.call(o,l),l.progress(l.opts.progress).done(l.opts.done,l.opts.complete).fail(l.opts.fail).always(l.opts.always),S.fx.timer(S.extend(u,{elem:o,anim:l,queue:l.opts.queue})),l}S.Animation=S.extend(ft,{tweeners:{"*":[function(e,t){var n=this.createTween(e,t);return se(n.elem,e,te.exec(t),n),n}]},tweener:function(e,t){m(e)?(t=e,e=["*"]):e=e.match(P);for(var n,r=0,i=e.length;r<i;r++){n=e[r],ft.tweeners[n]=ft.tweeners[n]||[],ft.tweeners[n].unshift(t)}},prefilters:[function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f="width" in t||"height" in t,p=this,d={},h=e.style,g=e.nodeType&&ae(e),v=Y.get(e,"fxshow");for(r in n.queue||(null==(a=S._queueHooks(e,"fx")).unqueued&&(a.unqueued=0,s=a.empty.fire,a.empty.fire=function(){a.unqueued||s()}),a.unqueued++,p.always(function(){p.always(function(){a.unqueued--,S.queue(e,"fx").length||a.empty.fire()})})),t){if(i=t[r],ot.test(i)){if(delete t[r],o=o||"toggle"===i,i===(g?"hide":"show")){if("show"!==i||!v||void 0===v[r]){continue}g=!0}d[r]=v&&v[r]||S.style(e,r)}}if((u=!S.isEmptyObject(t))||!S.isEmptyObject(d)){for(r in f&&1===e.nodeType&&(n.overflow=[h.overflow,h.overflowX,h.overflowY],null==(l=v&&v.display)&&(l=Y.get(e,"display")),"none"===(c=S.css(e,"display"))&&(l?c=l:(le([e],!0),l=e.style.display||l,c=S.css(e,"display"),le([e]))),("inline"===c||"inline-block"===c&&null!=l)&&"none"===S.css(e,"float")&&(u||(p.done(function(){h.display=l}),null==l&&(c=h.display,l="none"===c?"":c)),h.display="inline-block")),n.overflow&&(h.overflow="hidden",p.always(function(){h.overflow=n.overflow[0],h.overflowX=n.overflow[1],h.overflowY=n.overflow[2]})),u=!1,d){u||(v?"hidden" in v&&(g=v.hidden):v=Y.access(e,"fxshow",{display:l}),o&&(v.hidden=!g),g&&le([e],!0),p.done(function(){for(r in g||le([e]),Y.remove(e,"fxshow"),d){S.style(e,r,d[r])}})),u=ct(g?v[r]:0,r,p),r in v||(v[r]=u.start,g&&(u.end=u.start,u.start=0))}}}],prefilter:function(e,t){t?ft.prefilters.unshift(e):ft.prefilters.push(e)}}),S.speed=function(e,t,n){var r=e&&"object"==typeof e?S.extend({},e):{complete:n||!n&&t||m(e)&&e,duration:e,easing:n&&t||t&&!m(t)&&t};return S.fx.off?r.duration=0:"number"!=typeof r.duration&&(r.duration in S.fx.speeds?r.duration=S.fx.speeds[r.duration]:r.duration=S.fx.speeds._default),null!=r.queue&&!0!==r.queue||(r.queue="fx"),r.old=r.complete,r.complete=function(){m(r.old)&&r.old.call(this),r.queue&&S.dequeue(this,r.queue)},r},S.fn.extend({fadeTo:function(e,t,n,r){return this.filter(ae).css("opacity",0).show().end().animate({opacity:t},e,n,r)},animate:function(t,e,n,r){var i=S.isEmptyObject(t),o=S.speed(e,n,r),a=function(){var e=ft(this,S.extend({},t),o);(i||Y.get(this,"finish"))&&e.stop(!0)};return a.finish=a,i||!1===o.queue?this.each(a):this.queue(o.queue,a)},stop:function(i,e,o){var a=function(e){var t=e.stop;delete e.stop,t(o)};return"string"!=typeof i&&(o=e,e=i,i=void 0),e&&this.queue(i||"fx",[]),this.each(function(){var e=!0,t=null!=i&&i+"queueHooks",n=S.timers,r=Y.get(this);if(t){r[t]&&r[t].stop&&a(r[t])}else{for(t in r){r[t]&&r[t].stop&&at.test(t)&&a(r[t])}}for(t=n.length;t--;){n[t].elem!==this||null!=i&&n[t].queue!==i||(n[t].anim.stop(o),e=!1,n.splice(t,1))}!e&&o||S.dequeue(this,i)})},finish:function(a){return !1!==a&&(a=a||"fx"),this.each(function(){var e,t=Y.get(this),n=t[a+"queue"],r=t[a+"queueHooks"],i=S.timers,o=n?n.length:0;for(t.finish=!0,S.queue(this,a,[]),r&&r.stop&&r.stop.call(this,!0),e=i.length;e--;){i[e].elem===this&&i[e].queue===a&&(i[e].anim.stop(!0),i.splice(e,1))}for(e=0;e<o;e++){n[e]&&n[e].finish&&n[e].finish.call(this)}delete t.finish})}}),S.each(["toggle","show","hide"],function(e,r){var i=S.fn[r];S.fn[r]=function(e,t,n){return null==e||"boolean"==typeof e?i.apply(this,arguments):this.animate(lt(r,!0),e,t,n)}}),S.each({slideDown:lt("show"),slideUp:lt("hide"),slideToggle:lt("toggle"),fadeIn:{opacity:"show"},fadeOut:{opacity:"hide"},fadeToggle:{opacity:"toggle"}},function(e,r){S.fn[e]=function(e,t,n){return this.animate(r,e,t,n)}}),S.timers=[],S.fx.tick=function(){var e,t=0,n=S.timers;for(tt=Date.now();t<n.length;t++){(e=n[t])()||n[t]!==e||n.splice(t--,1)}n.length||S.fx.stop(),tt=void 0},S.fx.timer=function(e){S.timers.push(e),S.fx.start()},S.fx.interval=13,S.fx.start=function(){nt||(nt=!0,st())},S.fx.stop=function(){nt=null},S.fx.speeds={slow:600,fast:200,_default:400},S.fn.delay=function(r,e){return r=S.fx&&S.fx.speeds[r]||r,e=e||"fx",this.queue(e,function(e,t){var n=C.setTimeout(e,r);t.stop=function(){C.clearTimeout(n)}})},rt=E.createElement("input"),it=E.createElement("select").appendChild(E.createElement("option")),rt.type="checkbox",y.checkOn=""!==rt.value,y.optSelected=it.selected,(rt=E.createElement("input")).value="t",rt.type="radio",y.radioValue="t"===rt.value;var pt,dt=S.expr.attrHandle;S.fn.extend({attr:function(e,t){return $(this,S.attr,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeAttr:function(e){return this.each(function(){S.removeAttr(this,e)})}}),S.extend({attr:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o){return"undefined"==typeof e.getAttribute?S.prop(e,t,n):(1===o&&S.isXMLDoc(e)||(i=S.attrHooks[t.toLowerCase()]||(S.expr.match.bool.test(t)?pt:void 0)),void 0!==n?null===n?void S.removeAttr(e,t):i&&"set" in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:(e.setAttribute(t,n+""),n):i&&"get" in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:null==(r=S.find.attr(e,t))?void 0:r)}},attrHooks:{type:{set:function(e,t){if(!y.radioValue&&"radio"===t&&A(e,"input")){var n=e.value;return e.setAttribute("type",t),n&&(e.value=n),t}}}},removeAttr:function(e,t){var n,r=0,i=t&&t.match(P);if(i&&1===e.nodeType){while(n=i[r++]){e.removeAttribute(n)}}}}),pt={set:function(e,t,n){return !1===t?S.removeAttr(e,n):e.setAttribute(n,n),n}},S.each(S.expr.match.bool.source.match(/\w+/g),function(e,t){var a=dt[t]||S.find.attr;dt[t]=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=t.toLowerCase();return n||(i=dt[o],dt[o]=r,r=null!=a(e,t,n)?o:null,dt[o]=i),r}});var ht=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,gt=/^(?:a|area)$/i;function vt(e){return(e.match(P)||[]).join(" ")}function yt(e){return e.getAttribute&&e.getAttribute("class")||""}function mt(e){return Array.isArray(e)?e:"string"==typeof e&&e.match(P)||[]}S.fn.extend({prop:function(e,t){return $(this,S.prop,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeProp:function(e){return this.each(function(){delete this[S.propFix[e]||e]})}}),S.extend({prop:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o){return 1===o&&S.isXMLDoc(e)||(t=S.propFix[t]||t,i=S.propHooks[t]),void 0!==n?i&&"set" in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:e[t]=n:i&&"get" in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:e[t]}},propHooks:{tabIndex:{get:function(e){var t=S.find.attr(e,"tabindex");return t?parseInt(t,10):ht.test(e.nodeName)||gt.test(e.nodeName)&&e.href?0:-1}}},propFix:{"for":"htmlFor","class":"className"}}),y.optSelected||(S.propHooks.selected={get:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;return t&&t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.selectedIndex,null},set:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;t&&(t.selectedIndex,t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.selectedIndex)}}),S.each(["tabIndex","readOnly","maxLength","cellSpacing","cellPadding","rowSpan","colSpan","useMap","frameBorder","contentEditable"],function(){S.propFix[this.toLowerCase()]=this}),S.fn.extend({addClass:function(t){var e,n,r,i,o,a,s,u=0;if(m(t)){return this.each(function(e){S(this).addClass(t.call(this,e,yt(this)))})}if((e=mt(t)).length){while(n=this[u++]){if(i=yt(n),r=1===n.nodeType&&" "+vt(i)+" "){a=0;while(o=e[a++]){r.indexOf(" "+o+" ")<0&&(r+=o+" ")}i!==(s=vt(r))&&n.setAttribute("class",s)}}}return this},removeClass:function(t){var e,n,r,i,o,a,s,u=0;if(m(t)){return this.each(function(e){S(this).removeClass(t.call(this,e,yt(this)))})}if(!arguments.length){return this.attr("class","")}if((e=mt(t)).length){while(n=this[u++]){if(i=yt(n),r=1===n.nodeType&&" "+vt(i)+" "){a=0;while(o=e[a++]){while(-1<r.indexOf(" "+o+" ")){r=r.replace(" "+o+" "," ")}}i!==(s=vt(r))&&n.setAttribute("class",s)}}}return this},toggleClass:function(i,t){var o=typeof i,a="string"===o||Array.isArray(i);return"boolean"==typeof t&&a?t?this.addClass(i):this.removeClass(i):m(i)?this.each(function(e){S(this).toggleClass(i.call(this,e,yt(this),t),t)}):this.each(function(){var e,t,n,r;if(a){t=0,n=S(this),r=mt(i);while(e=r[t++]){n.hasClass(e)?n.removeClass(e):n.addClass(e)}}else{void 0!==i&&"boolean"!==o||((e=yt(this))&&Y.set(this,"__className__",e),this.setAttribute&&this.setAttribute("class",e||!1===i?"":Y.get(this,"__className__")||""))}})},hasClass:function(e){var t,n,r=0;t=" "+e+" ";while(n=this[r++]){if(1===n.nodeType&&-1<(" "+vt(yt(n))+" ").indexOf(t)){return !0}}return !1}});var xt=/\r/g;S.fn.extend({val:function(n){var r,e,i,t=this[0];return arguments.length?(i=m(n),this.each(function(e){var t;1===this.nodeType&&(null==(t=i?n.call(this,e,S(this).val()):n)?t="":"number"==typeof t?t+="":Array.isArray(t)&&(t=S.map(t,function(e){return null==e?"":e+""})),(r=S.valHooks[this.type]||S.valHooks[this.nodeName.toLowerCase()])&&"set" in r&&void 0!==r.set(this,t,"value")||(this.value=t))})):t?(r=S.valHooks[t.type]||S.valHooks[t.nodeName.toLowerCase()])&&"get" in r&&void 0!==(e=r.get(t,"value"))?e:"string"==typeof(e=t.value)?e.replace(xt,""):null==e?"":e:void 0}}),S.extend({valHooks:{option:{get:function(e){var t=S.find.attr(e,"value");return null!=t?t:vt(S.text(e))}},select:{get:function(e){var t,n,r,i=e.options,o=e.selectedIndex,a="select-one"===e.type,s=a?null:[],u=a?o+1:i.length;for(r=o<0?u:a?o:0;r<u;r++){if(((n=i[r]).selected||r===o)&&!n.disabled&&(!n.parentNode.disabled||!A(n.parentNode,"optgroup"))){if(t=S(n).val(),a){return t}s.push(t)}}return s},set:function(e,t){var n,r,i=e.options,o=S.makeArray(t),a=i.length;while(a--){((r=i[a]).selected=-1<S.inArray(S.valHooks.option.get(r),o))&&(n=!0)}return n||(e.selectedIndex=-1),o}}}}),S.each(["radio","checkbox"],function(){S.valHooks[this]={set:function(e,t){if(Array.isArray(t)){return e.checked=-1<S.inArray(S(e).val(),t)}}},y.checkOn||(S.valHooks[this].get=function(e){return null===e.getAttribute("value")?"on":e.value})}),y.focusin="onfocusin" in C;var bt=/^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/,wt=function(e){e.stopPropagation()};S.extend(S.event,{trigger:function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p=[n||E],d=v.call(e,"type")?e.type:e,h=v.call(e,"namespace")?e.namespace.split("."):[];if(o=f=a=n=n||E,3!==n.nodeType&&8!==n.nodeType&&!bt.test(d+S.event.triggered)&&(-1<d.indexOf(".")&&(d=(h=d.split(".")).shift(),h.sort()),u=d.indexOf(":")<0&&"on"+d,(e=e[S.expando]?e:new S.Event(d,"object"==typeof e&&e)).isTrigger=r?2:3,e.namespace=h.join("."),e.rnamespace=e.namespace?new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"):null,e.result=void 0,e.target||(e.target=n),t=null==t?[e]:S.makeArray(t,[e]),c=S.event.special[d]||{},r||!c.trigger||!1!==c.trigger.apply(n,t))){if(!r&&!c.noBubble&&!x(n)){for(s=c.delegateType||d,bt.test(s+d)||(o=o.parentNode);o;o=o.parentNode){p.push(o),a=o}a===(n.ownerDocument||E)&&p.push(a.defaultView||a.parentWindow||C)}i=0;while((o=p[i++])&&!e.isPropagationStopped()){f=o,e.type=1<i?s:c.bindType||d,(l=(Y.get(o,"events")||Object.create(null))[e.type]&&Y.get(o,"handle"))&&l.apply(o,t),(l=u&&o[u])&&l.apply&&V(o)&&(e.result=l.apply(o,t),!1===e.result&&e.preventDefault())}return e.type=d,r||e.isDefaultPrevented()||c._default&&!1!==c._default.apply(p.pop(),t)||!V(n)||u&&m(n[d])&&!x(n)&&((a=n[u])&&(n[u]=null),S.event.triggered=d,e.isPropagationStopped()&&f.addEventListener(d,wt),n[d](),e.isPropagationStopped()&&f.removeEventListener(d,wt),S.event.triggered=void 0,a&&(n[u]=a)),e.result}},simulate:function(e,t,n){var r=S.extend(new S.Event,n,{type:e,isSimulated:!0});S.event.trigger(r,null,t)}}),S.fn.extend({trigger:function(e,t){return this.each(function(){S.event.trigger(e,t,this)})},triggerHandler:function(e,t){var n=this[0];if(n){return S.event.trigger(e,t,n,!0)}}}),y.focusin||S.each({focus:"focusin",blur:"focusout"},function(n,r){var i=function(e){S.event.simulate(r,e.target,S.event.fix(e))};S.event.special[r]={setup:function(){var e=this.ownerDocument||this.document||this,t=Y.access(e,r);t||e.addEventListener(n,i,!0),Y.access(e,r,(t||0)+1)},teardown:function(){var e=this.ownerDocument||this.document||this,t=Y.access(e,r)-1;t?Y.access(e,r,t):(e.removeEventListener(n,i,!0),Y.remove(e,r))}}});var Tt=C.location,Ct={guid:Date.now()},Et=/\?/;S.parseXML=function(e){var t;if(!e||"string"!=typeof e){return null}try{t=(new C.DOMParser).parseFromString(e,"text/xml")}catch(e){t=void 0}return t&&!t.getElementsByTagName("parsererror").length||S.error("Invalid XML: "+e),t};var St=/\[\]$/,kt=/\r?\n/g,At=/^(?:submit|button|image|reset|file)$/i,Nt=/^(?:input|select|textarea|keygen)/i;function Dt(n,e,r,i){var t;if(Array.isArray(e)){S.each(e,function(e,t){r||St.test(n)?i(n,t):Dt(n+"["+("object"==typeof t&&null!=t?e:"")+"]",t,r,i)})}else{if(r||"object"!==w(e)){i(n,e)}else{for(t in e){Dt(n+"["+t+"]",e[t],r,i)}}}}S.param=function(e,t){var n,r=[],i=function(e,t){var n=m(t)?t():t;r[r.length]=encodeURIComponent(e)+"="+encodeURIComponent(null==n?"":n)};if(null==e){return""}if(Array.isArray(e)||e.jquery&&!S.isPlainObject(e)){S.each(e,function(){i(this.name,this.value)})}else{for(n in e){Dt(n,e[n],t,i)}}return r.join("&")},S.fn.extend({serialize:function(){return S.param(this.serializeArray())},serializeArray:function(){return this.map(function(){var e=S.prop(this,"elements");return e?S.makeArray(e):this}).filter(function(){var e=this.type;return this.name&&!S(this).is(":disabled")&&Nt.test(this.nodeName)&&!At.test(e)&&(this.checked||!pe.test(e))}).map(function(e,t){var n=S(this).val();return null==n?null:Array.isArray(n)?S.map(n,function(e){return{name:t.name,value:e.replace(kt,"\r\n")}}):{name:t.name,value:n.replace(kt,"\r\n")}}).get()}});var jt=/%20/g,qt=/#.*$/,Lt=/([?&])_=[^&]*/,Ht=/^(.*?):[ \t]*([^\r\n]*)$/gm,Ot=/^(?:GET|HEAD)$/,Pt=/^\/\//,Rt={},Mt={},It="*/".concat("*"),Wt=E.createElement("a");function Ft(o){return function(e,t){"string"!=typeof e&&(t=e,e="*");var n,r=0,i=e.toLowerCase().match(P)||[];if(m(t)){while(n=i[r++]){"+"===n[0]?(n=n.slice(1)||"*",(o[n]=o[n]||[]).unshift(t)):(o[n]=o[n]||[]).push(t)}}}}function Bt(t,i,o,a){var s={},u=t===Mt;function l(e){var r;return s[e]=!0,S.each(t[e]||[],function(e,t){var n=t(i,o,a);return"string"!=typeof n||u||s[n]?u?!(r=n):void 0:(i.dataTypes.unshift(n),l(n),!1)}),r}return l(i.dataTypes[0])||!s["*"]&&l("*")}function $t(e,t){var n,r,i=S.ajaxSettings.flatOptions||{};for(n in t){void 0!==t[n]&&((i[n]?e:r||(r={}))[n]=t[n])}return r&&S.extend(!0,e,r),e}Wt.href=Tt.href,S.extend({active:0,lastModified:{},etag:{},ajaxSettings:{url:Tt.href,type:"GET",isLocal:/^(?:about|app|app-storage|.+-extension|file|res|widget):$/.test(Tt.protocol),global:!0,processData:!0,async:!0,contentType:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",accepts:{"*":It,text:"text/plain",html:"text/html",xml:"application/xml, text/xml",json:"application/json, text/javascript"},contents:{xml:/\bxml\b/,html:/\bhtml/,json:/\bjson\b/},responseFields:{xml:"responseXML",text:"responseText",json:"responseJSON"},converters:{"* text":String,"text html":!0,"text json":JSON.parse,"text xml":S.parseXML},flatOptions:{url:!0,context:!0}},ajaxSetup:function(e,t){return t?$t($t(e,S.ajaxSettings),t):$t(S.ajaxSettings,e)},ajaxPrefilter:Ft(Rt),ajaxTransport:Ft(Mt),ajax:function(e,t){"object"==typeof e&&(t=e,e=void 0),t=t||{};var c,f,p,n,d,r,h,g,i,o,v=S.ajaxSetup({},t),y=v.context||v,m=v.context&&(y.nodeType||y.jquery)?S(y):S.event,x=S.Deferred(),b=S.Callbacks("once memory"),w=v.statusCode||{},a={},s={},u="canceled",T={readyState:0,getResponseHeader:function(e){var t;if(h){if(!n){n={};while(t=Ht.exec(p)){n[t[1].toLowerCase()+" "]=(n[t[1].toLowerCase()+" "]||[]).concat(t[2])}}t=n[e.toLowerCase()+" "]}return null==t?null:t.join(", ")},getAllResponseHeaders:function(){return h?p:null},setRequestHeader:function(e,t){return null==h&&(e=s[e.toLowerCase()]=s[e.toLowerCase()]||e,a[e]=t),this},overrideMimeType:function(e){return null==h&&(v.mimeType=e),this},statusCode:function(e){var t;if(e){if(h){T.always(e[T.status])}else{for(t in e){w[t]=[w[t],e[t]]}}}return this},abort:function(e){var t=e||u;return c&&c.abort(t),l(0,t),this}};if(x.promise(T),v.url=((e||v.url||Tt.href)+"").replace(Pt,Tt.protocol+"//"),v.type=t.method||t.type||v.method||v.type,v.dataTypes=(v.dataType||"*").toLowerCase().match(P)||[""],null==v.crossDomain){r=E.createElement("a");try{r.href=v.url,r.href=r.href,v.crossDomain=Wt.protocol+"//"+Wt.host!=r.protocol+"//"+r.host}catch(e){v.crossDomain=!0}}if(v.data&&v.processData&&"string"!=typeof v.data&&(v.data=S.param(v.data,v.traditional)),Bt(Rt,v,t,T),h){return T}for(i in (g=S.event&&v.global)&&0==S.active++&&S.event.trigger("ajaxStart"),v.type=v.type.toUpperCase(),v.hasContent=!Ot.test(v.type),f=v.url.replace(qt,""),v.hasContent?v.data&&v.processData&&0===(v.contentType||"").indexOf("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&&(v.data=v.data.replace(jt,"+")):(o=v.url.slice(f.length),v.data&&(v.processData||"string"==typeof v.data)&&(f+=(Et.test(f)?"&":"?")+v.data,delete v.data),!1===v.cache&&(f=f.replace(Lt,"$1"),o=(Et.test(f)?"&":"?")+"_="+Ct.guid+++o),v.url=f+o),v.ifModified&&(S.lastModified[f]&&T.setRequestHeader("If-Modified-Since",S.lastModified[f]),S.etag[f]&&T.setRequestHeader("If-None-Match",S.etag[f])),(v.data&&v.hasContent&&!1!==v.contentType||t.contentType)&&T.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",v.contentType),T.setRequestHeader("Accept",v.dataTypes[0]&&v.accepts[v.dataTypes[0]]?v.accepts[v.dataTypes[0]]+("*"!==v.dataTypes[0]?", "+It+"; q=0.01":""):v.accepts["*"]),v.headers){T.setRequestHeader(i,v.headers[i])}if(v.beforeSend&&(!1===v.beforeSend.call(y,T,v)||h)){return T.abort()}if(u="abort",b.add(v.complete),T.done(v.success),T.fail(v.error),c=Bt(Mt,v,t,T)){if(T.readyState=1,g&&m.trigger("ajaxSend",[T,v]),h){return T}v.async&&0<v.timeout&&(d=C.setTimeout(function(){T.abort("timeout")},v.timeout));try{h=!1,c.send(a,l)}catch(e){if(h){throw e}l(-1,e)}}else{l(-1,"No Transport")}function l(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l=t;h||(h=!0,d&&C.clearTimeout(d),c=void 0,p=r||"",T.readyState=0<e?4:0,i=200<=e&&e<300||304===e,n&&(s=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s=e.contents,u=e.dataTypes;while("*"===u[0]){u.shift(),void 0===r&&(r=e.mimeType||t.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"))}if(r){for(i in s){if(s[i]&&s[i].test(r)){u.unshift(i);break}}}if(u[0] in n){o=u[0]}else{for(i in n){if(!u[0]||e.converters[i+" "+u[0]]){o=i;break}a||(a=i)}o=o||a}if(o){return o!==u[0]&&u.unshift(o),n[o]}}(v,T,n)),!i&&-1<S.inArray("script",v.dataTypes)&&(v.converters["text script"]=function(){}),s=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l={},c=e.dataTypes.slice();if(c[1]){for(a in e.converters){l[a.toLowerCase()]=e.converters[a]}}o=c.shift();while(o){if(e.responseFields[o]&&(n[e.responseFields[o]]=t),!u&&r&&e.dataFilter&&(t=e.dataFilter(t,e.dataType)),u=o,o=c.shift()){if("*"===o){o=u}else{if("*"!==u&&u!==o){if(!(a=l[u+" "+o]||l["* "+o])){for(i in l){if((s=i.split(" "))[1]===o&&(a=l[u+" "+s[0]]||l["* "+s[0]])){!0===a?a=l[i]:!0!==l[i]&&(o=s[0],c.unshift(s[1]));break}}}if(!0!==a){if(a&&e["throws"]){t=a(t)}else{try{t=a(t)}catch(e){return{state:"parsererror",error:a?e:"No conversion from "+u+" to "+o}}}}}}}}return{state:"success",data:t}}(v,s,T,i),i?(v.ifModified&&((u=T.getResponseHeader("Last-Modified"))&&(S.lastModified[f]=u),(u=T.getResponseHeader("etag"))&&(S.etag[f]=u)),204===e||"HEAD"===v.type?l="nocontent":304===e?l="notmodified":(l=s.state,o=s.data,i=!(a=s.error))):(a=l,!e&&l||(l="error",e<0&&(e=0))),T.status=e,T.statusText=(t||l)+"",i?x.resolveWith(y,[o,l,T]):x.rejectWith(y,[T,l,a]),T.statusCode(w),w=void 0,g&&m.trigger(i?"ajaxSuccess":"ajaxError",[T,v,i?o:a]),b.fireWith(y,[T,l]),g&&(m.trigger("ajaxComplete",[T,v]),--S.active||S.event.trigger("ajaxStop")))}return T},getJSON:function(e,t,n){return S.get(e,t,n,"json")},getScript:function(e,t){return S.get(e,void 0,t,"script")}}),S.each(["get","post"],function(e,i){S[i]=function(e,t,n,r){return m(t)&&(r=r||n,n=t,t=void 0),S.ajax(S.extend({url:e,type:i,dataType:r,data:t,success:n},S.isPlainObject(e)&&e))}}),S.ajaxPrefilter(function(e){var t;for(t in e.headers){"content-type"===t.toLowerCase()&&(e.contentType=e.headers[t]||"")}}),S._evalUrl=function(e,t,n){return S.ajax({url:e,type:"GET",dataType:"script",cache:!0,async:!1,global:!1,converters:{"text script":function(){}},dataFilter:function(e){S.globalEval(e,t,n)}})},S.fn.extend({wrapAll:function(e){var t;return this[0]&&(m(e)&&(e=e.call(this[0])),t=S(e,this[0].ownerDocument).eq(0).clone(!0),this[0].parentNode&&t.insertBefore(this[0]),t.map(function(){var e=this;while(e.firstElementChild){e=e.firstElementChild}return e}).append(this)),this},wrapInner:function(n){return m(n)?this.each(function(e){S(this).wrapInner(n.call(this,e))}):this.each(function(){var e=S(this),t=e.contents();t.length?t.wrapAll(n):e.append(n)})},wrap:function(t){var n=m(t);return this.each(function(e){S(this).wrapAll(n?t.call(this,e):t)})},unwrap:function(e){return this.parent(e).not("body").each(function(){S(this).replaceWith(this.childNodes)}),this}}),S.expr.pseudos.hidden=function(e){return !S.expr.pseudos.visible(e)},S.expr.pseudos.visible=function(e){return !!(e.offsetWidth||e.offsetHeight||e.getClientRects().length)},S.ajaxSettings.xhr=function(){try{return new C.XMLHttpRequest}catch(e){}};var _t={0:200,1223:204},zt=S.ajaxSettings.xhr();y.cors=!!zt&&"withCredentials" in zt,y.ajax=zt=!!zt,S.ajaxTransport(function(i){var o,a;if(y.cors||zt&&!i.crossDomain){return{send:function(e,t){var n,r=i.xhr();if(r.open(i.type,i.url,i.async,i.username,i.password),i.xhrFields){for(n in i.xhrFields){r[n]=i.xhrFields[n]}}for(n in i.mimeType&&r.overrideMimeType&&r.overrideMimeType(i.mimeType),i.crossDomain||e["X-Requested-With"]||(e["X-Requested-With"]="XMLHttpRequest"),e){r.setRequestHeader(n,e[n])}o=function(e){return function(){o&&(o=a=r.onload=r.onerror=r.onabort=r.ontimeout=r.onreadystatechange=null,"abort"===e?r.abort():"error"===e?"number"!=typeof r.status?t(0,"error"):t(r.status,r.statusText):t(_t[r.status]||r.status,r.statusText,"text"!==(r.responseType||"text")||"string"!=typeof r.responseText?{binary:r.response}:{text:r.responseText},r.getAllResponseHeaders()))}},r.onload=o(),a=r.onerror=r.ontimeout=o("error"),void 0!==r.onabort?r.onabort=a:r.onreadystatechange=function(){4===r.readyState&&C.setTimeout(function(){o&&a()})},o=o("abort");try{r.send(i.hasContent&&i.data||null)}catch(e){if(o){throw e}}},abort:function(){o&&o()}}}}),S.ajaxPrefilter(function(e){e.crossDomain&&(e.contents.script=!1)}),S.ajaxSetup({accepts:{script:"text/javascript, application/javascript, application/ecmascript, application/x-ecmascript"},contents:{script:/\b(?:java|ecma)script\b/},converters:{"text script":function(e){return S.globalEval(e),e}}}),S.ajaxPrefilter("script",function(e){void 0===e.cache&&(e.cache=!1),e.crossDomain&&(e.type="GET")}),S.ajaxTransport("script",function(n){var r,i;if(n.crossDomain||n.scriptAttrs){return{send:function(e,t){r=S("<script>").attr(n.scriptAttrs||{}).prop({charset:n.scriptCharset,src:n.url}).on("load error",i=function(e){r.remove(),i=null,e&&t("error"===e.type?404:200,e.type)}),E.head.appendChild(r[0])},abort:function(){i&&i()}}}});var Ut,Xt=[],Vt=/(=)\?(?=&|$)|\?\?/;S.ajaxSetup({jsonp:"callback",jsonpCallback:function(){var e=Xt.pop()||S.expando+"_"+Ct.guid++;return this[e]=!0,e}}),S.ajaxPrefilter("json jsonp",function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=!1!==e.jsonp&&(Vt.test(e.url)?"url":"string"==typeof e.data&&0===(e.contentType||"").indexOf("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&&Vt.test(e.data)&&"data");if(a||"jsonp"===e.dataTypes[0]){return r=e.jsonpCallback=m(e.jsonpCallback)?e.jsonpCallback():e.jsonpCallback,a?e[a]=e[a].replace(Vt,"$1"+r):!1!==e.jsonp&&(e.url+=(Et.test(e.url)?"&":"?")+e.jsonp+"="+r),e.converters["script json"]=function(){return o||S.error(r+" was not called"),o[0]},e.dataTypes[0]="json",i=C[r],C[r]=function(){o=arguments},n.always(function(){void 0===i?S(C).removeProp(r):C[r]=i,e[r]&&(e.jsonpCallback=t.jsonpCallback,Xt.push(r)),o&&m(i)&&i(o[0]),o=i=void 0}),"script"}}),y.createHTMLDocument=((Ut=E.implementation.createHTMLDocument("").body).innerHTML="<form></form><form></form>",2===Ut.childNodes.length),S.parseHTML=function(e,t,n){return"string"!=typeof e?[]:("boolean"==typeof t&&(n=t,t=!1),t||(y.createHTMLDocument?((r=(t=E.implementation.createHTMLDocument("")).createElement("base")).href=E.location.href,t.head.appendChild(r)):t=E),o=!n&&[],(i=N.exec(e))?[t.createElement(i[1])]:(i=xe([e],t,o),o&&o.length&&S(o).remove(),S.merge([],i.childNodes)));var r,i,o},S.fn.load=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=this,s=e.indexOf(" ");return -1<s&&(r=vt(e.slice(s)),e=e.slice(0,s)),m(t)?(n=t,t=void 0):t&&"object"==typeof t&&(i="POST"),0<a.length&&S.ajax({url:e,type:i||"GET",dataType:"html",data:t}).done(function(e){o=arguments,a.html(r?S("<div>").append(S.parseHTML(e)).find(r):e)}).always(n&&function(e,t){a.each(function(){n.apply(this,o||[e.responseText,t,e])})}),this},S.expr.pseudos.animated=function(t){return S.grep(S.timers,function(e){return t===e.elem}).length},S.offset={setOffset:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l=S.css(e,"position"),c=S(e),f={};"static"===l&&(e.style.position="relative"),s=c.offset(),o=S.css(e,"top"),u=S.css(e,"left"),("absolute"===l||"fixed"===l)&&-1<(o+u).indexOf("auto")?(a=(r=c.position()).top,i=r.left):(a=parseFloat(o)||0,i=parseFloat(u)||0),m(t)&&(t=t.call(e,n,S.extend({},s))),null!=t.top&&(f.top=t.top-s.top+a),null!=t.left&&(f.left=t.left-s.left+i),"using" in t?t.using.call(e,f):("number"==typeof f.top&&(f.top+="px"),"number"==typeof f.left&&(f.left+="px"),c.css(f))}},S.fn.extend({offset:function(t){if(arguments.length){return void 0===t?this:this.each(function(e){S.offset.setOffset(this,t,e)})}var e,n,r=this[0];return r?r.getClientRects().length?(e=r.getBoundingClientRect(),n=r.ownerDocument.defaultView,{top:e.top+n.pageYOffset,left:e.left+n.pageXOffset}):{top:0,left:0}:void 0},position:function(){if(this[0]){var e,t,n,r=this[0],i={top:0,left:0};if("fixed"===S.css(r,"position")){t=r.getBoundingClientRect()}else{t=this.offset(),n=r.ownerDocument,e=r.offsetParent||n.documentElement;while(e&&(e===n.body||e===n.documentElement)&&"static"===S.css(e,"position")){e=e.parentNode}e&&e!==r&&1===e.nodeType&&((i=S(e).offset()).top+=S.css(e,"borderTopWidth",!0),i.left+=S.css(e,"borderLeftWidth",!0))}return{top:t.top-i.top-S.css(r,"marginTop",!0),left:t.left-i.left-S.css(r,"marginLeft",!0)}}},offsetParent:function(){return this.map(function(){var e=this.offsetParent;while(e&&"static"===S.css(e,"position")){e=e.offsetParent}return e||re})}}),S.each({scrollLeft:"pageXOffset",scrollTop:"pageYOffset"},function(t,i){var o="pageYOffset"===i;S.fn[t]=function(e){return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r;if(x(e)?r=e:9===e.nodeType&&(r=e.defaultView),void 0===n){return r?r[i]:e[t]}r?r.scrollTo(o?r.pageXOffset:n,o?n:r.pageYOffset):e[t]=n},t,e,arguments.length)}}),S.each(["top","left"],function(e,n){S.cssHooks[n]=$e(y.pixelPosition,function(e,t){if(t){return t=Be(e,n),Me.test(t)?S(e).position()[n]+"px":t}})}),S.each({Height:"height",Width:"width"},function(a,s){S.each({padding:"inner"+a,content:s,"":"outer"+a},function(r,o){S.fn[o]=function(e,t){var n=arguments.length&&(r||"boolean"!=typeof e),i=r||(!0===e||!0===t?"margin":"border");return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r;return x(e)?0===o.indexOf("outer")?e["inner"+a]:e.document.documentElement["client"+a]:9===e.nodeType?(r=e.documentElement,Math.max(e.body["scroll"+a],r["scroll"+a],e.body["offset"+a],r["offset"+a],r["client"+a])):void 0===n?S.css(e,t,i):S.style(e,t,n,i)},s,n?e:void 0,n)}})}),S.each(["ajaxStart","ajaxStop","ajaxComplete","ajaxError","ajaxSuccess","ajaxSend"],function(e,t){S.fn[t]=function(e){return this.on(t,e)}}),S.fn.extend({bind:function(e,t,n){return this.on(e,null,t,n)},unbind:function(e,t){return this.off(e,null,t)},delegate:function(e,t,n,r){return this.on(t,e,n,r)},undelegate:function(e,t,n){return 1===arguments.length?this.off(e,"**"):this.off(t,e||"**",n)},hover:function(e,t){return this.mouseenter(e).mouseleave(t||e)}}),S.each("blur focus focusin focusout resize scroll click dblclick mousedown mouseup mousemove mouseover mouseout mouseenter mouseleave change select submit keydown keypress keyup contextmenu".split(" "),function(e,n){S.fn[n]=function(e,t){return 0<arguments.length?this.on(n,null,e,t):this.trigger(n)}});var Gt=/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g;S.proxy=function(e,t){var n,r,i;if("string"==typeof t&&(n=e[t],t=e,e=n),m(e)){return r=s.call(arguments,2),(i=function(){return e.apply(t||this,r.concat(s.call(arguments)))}).guid=e.guid=e.guid||S.guid++,i}},S.holdReady=function(e){e?S.readyWait++:S.ready(!0)},S.isArray=Array.isArray,S.parseJSON=JSON.parse,S.nodeName=A,S.isFunction=m,S.isWindow=x,S.camelCase=X,S.type=w,S.now=Date.now,S.isNumeric=function(e){var t=S.type(e);return("number"===t||"string"===t)&&!isNaN(e-parseFloat(e))},S.trim=function(e){return null==e?"":(e+"").replace(Gt,"")},"function"==typeof define&&define.amd&&define("jquery",[],function(){return S});var Yt=C.jQuery,Qt=C.$;return S.noConflict=function(e){return C.$===S&&(C.$=Qt),e&&C.jQuery===S&&(C.jQuery=Yt),S},"undefined"==typeof e&&(C.jQuery=C.$=S),S});</script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { if(screen.width > 768){ googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-728x90-Top', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495569527-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-728x90-NTop', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495604507-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-728x90-Middle', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495610651-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-728x90-bottom', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495619414-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-300x250', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495626916-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-300x250-bottom', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495635393-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Gulftimes-ROS-300x250-Last', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1644495641310-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); }else{ googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Mob_Ins_M1', [320, 50], 'div-gpt-ad-1644500212192-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/GT_MOB_Ins_M2', [320, 50], 'div-gpt-ad-1644500216457-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4804446/Mob_Ins_R1', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1644500220699-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); } googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script>  <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="//analytics.layoutintl.com/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '1']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;500;700;900&display=block" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'" /> <noscript><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;500;700;900&display=block" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/></noscript> <link rel="preload" href="/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Book.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="/theme_gulftimes/fonts/icomoon.woff?4fyweh" as="font" type="font/woff" crossorigin="anonymous"> <style> *,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}body{margin:0}.container{width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media(min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media(min-width:769px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media(min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media(min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1200px}}.container-fluid{width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.row{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px}.col-1,.col-2,.col-3,.col-4,.col-5,.col-6,.col-7,.col-8,.col-9,.col-10,.col-11,.col-12,.col,.col-auto,.col-sm-1,.col-sm-2,.col-sm-3,.col-sm-4,.col-sm-5,.col-sm-6,.col-sm-7,.col-sm-8,.col-sm-9,.col-sm-10,.col-sm-11,.col-sm-12,.col-sm,.col-sm-auto,.col-md-1,.col-md-2,.col-md-3,.col-md-4,.col-md-5,.col-md-6,.col-md-7,.col-md-8,.col-md-9,.col-md-10,.col-md-11,.col-md-12,.col-md,.col-md-auto,.col-lg-1,.col-lg-2,.col-lg-3,.col-lg-4,.col-lg-5,.col-lg-6,.col-lg-7,.col-lg-8,.col-lg-9,.col-lg-10,.col-lg-11,.col-lg-12,.col-lg,.col-lg-auto,.col-xl-1,.col-xl-2,.col-xl-3,.col-xl-4,.col-xl-5,.col-xl-6,.col-xl-7,.col-xl-8,.col-xl-9,.col-xl-10,.col-xl-11,.col-xl-12,.col-xl,.col-xl-auto{position:relative;width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px}.col{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}@media(min-width:576px){.col-sm{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-sm-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-sm-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-sm-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-sm-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-sm-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-sm-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-sm-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-sm-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-sm-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-sm-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-sm-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-sm-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-sm-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}@media(min-width:769px){.col-md{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-md-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-md-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-md-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-md-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-md-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-md-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-md-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-md-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-md-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-md-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-md-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-md-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-md-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}@media(min-width:992px){.col-lg{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-lg-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-lg-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-lg-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-lg-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-lg-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-lg-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-lg-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-lg-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-lg-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-lg-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-lg-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-lg-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-lg-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}@media(min-width:1200px){.col-xl{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-xl-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-xl-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-xl-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-xl-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-xl-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-xl-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-xl-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-xl-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-xl-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-xl-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-xl-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-xl-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-xl-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}.nav{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:.5rem 1rem}.nav-link:hover,.nav-link:focus{text-decoration:none}.nav-link.disabled{color:#6c757d;pointer-events:none;cursor:default}.nav-tabs{border-bottom:1px solid #dee2e6}.nav-tabs .nav-item{margin-bottom:-1px}.nav-tabs .nav-link{border:1px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:.25rem;border-top-right-radius:.25rem}.nav-tabs .nav-link:hover,.nav-tabs .nav-link:focus{border-color:#e9ecef #e9ecef #dee2e6}.nav-tabs .nav-link.disabled{color:#6c757d;background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent}.nav-tabs .nav-link.active,.nav-tabs .nav-item.show .nav-link{color:#495057;background-color:#fff;border-color:#dee2e6 #dee2e6 #fff}.nav-tabs .dropdown-menu{margin-top:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.nav-pills .nav-link{border-radius:.25rem}.nav-pills .nav-link.active,.nav-pills .show>.nav-link{color:#fff;background-color:#007bff}.nav-fill .nav-item{-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;text-align:center}.nav-justified .nav-item{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;text-align:center}.tab-content>.tab-pane{display:none}.tab-content>.active{display:block}.navbar{position:relative;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:.5rem 1rem}.navbar>.container,.navbar>.container-fluid{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-brand{display:inline-block;padding-top:.3125rem;padding-bottom:.3125rem;margin-right:1rem;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:inherit;white-space:nowrap}.navbar-brand:hover,.navbar-brand:focus{text-decoration:none}.navbar-nav{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:static;float:none}.navbar-text{display:inline-block;padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem}.navbar-collapse{-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.navbar-toggler{padding:.25rem .75rem;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1;background-color:transparent;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:.25rem}.navbar-toggler:hover,.navbar-toggler:focus{text-decoration:none}.navbar-toggler-icon{display:inline-block;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;vertical-align:middle;content:"";background:no-repeat center center;background-size:100% 100%}@media(max-width:575.98px){.navbar-expand-sm>.container,.navbar-expand-sm>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:576px){.navbar-expand-sm{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-sm>.container,.navbar-expand-sm>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler{display:none}}@media(max-width:767.98px){.navbar-expand-md>.container,.navbar-expand-md>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:769px){.navbar-expand-md{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-md>.container,.navbar-expand-md>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-toggler{display:none}}@media(max-width:991.98px){.navbar-expand-lg>.container,.navbar-expand-lg>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:992px){.navbar-expand-lg{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-lg>.container,.navbar-expand-lg>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-toggler{display:none}}@media(max-width:1199.98px){.navbar-expand-xl>.container,.navbar-expand-xl>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:1200px){.navbar-expand-xl{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-xl>.container,.navbar-expand-xl>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-toggler{display:none}}.navbar-expand{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand>.container,.navbar-expand>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.navbar-expand .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand>.container,.navbar-expand>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand .navbar-toggler{display:none}.navbar-light .navbar-brand{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-brand:hover,.navbar-light .navbar-brand:focus{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.disabled{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.3)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .show>.nav-link,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .active>.nav-link,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.show,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.active{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-toggler{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);border-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.navbar-light .navbar-toggler-icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvgviewBox='003030'xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3e%3cpathstroke='rgba(0,0,0,0.5)'stroke-width='2'stroke-linecap='round'stroke-miterlimit='10'd='M47h22M415h22M423h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e")}.navbar-light .navbar-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.navbar-light .navbar-text a{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-text a:hover,.navbar-light .navbar-text a:focus{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-dark .navbar-brand{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-brand:hover,.navbar-dark .navbar-brand:focus{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5)}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.75)}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.disabled{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.25)}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .show>.nav-link,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .active>.nav-link,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.show,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.active{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-toggler{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.1)}.navbar-dark .navbar-toggler-icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvgviewBox='003030'xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3e%3cpathstroke='rgba(255,255,255,0.5)'stroke-width='2'stroke-linecap='round'stroke-miterlimit='10'd='M47h22M415h22M423h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e")}.navbar-dark .navbar-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5)}.navbar-dark .navbar-text a{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-text a:hover,.navbar-dark .navbar-text a:focus{color:#fff}html,body{width:100%;overflow-x:hidden;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0;background-color:#fff;font-family:'Roboto'}a{text-decoration:none}.hidden{display:none}.layout-ratio{width:100%;position:relative;padding-bottom:67%;height:0}.layout-ratio img{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;right:0;top:0;object-fit:contain;max-width:100%;background-color:rgba(241,241,241,0.5)}.layout-ratio iframe{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;right:0;top:0;object-fit:cover;max-width:100%}p{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.relative{position:relative}@font-face{font-family:'ITC Regular';src:url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Book.eot');src:url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Book.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Book.woff2') format('woff2'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Book.woff') format('woff'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Book.ttf') format('truetype');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:block}@font-face{font-family:'ITC Bold';src:url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Bold.eot');src:url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Bold.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Bold.woff') format('woff'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/CenturyStd-Bold.ttf') format('truetype');font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;font-display:block}@font-face{font-family:'icomoon';src:url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/icomoon.eot?4fyweh');src:url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/icomoon.eot?4fyweh#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/icomoon.ttf?4fyweh') format('truetype'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/icomoon.woff?4fyweh') format('woff'),url('/theme_gulftimes/fonts/icomoon.svg?4fyweh#icomoon') format('svg');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-display:block}[class^="icon-"],[class*=" icon-"]{font-family:'icomoon'!important;speak:never;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.icon-facebook1:before{content:"\e902"}.icon-arrow_forward_ios:before{content:"\e904"}.icon-arrow_back_ios:before{content:"\e905"}.icon-triangle-right:before{content:"\e907"}.icon-close:before{content:"\e909"}.icon-menu:before{content:"\e90f"}.icon-search:before{content:"\e986"}.icon-play2:before{content:"\ea15"}.icon-arrow-down-right2:before{content:"\ea3d"}.icon-twitter:before{content:"\ea96"}.icon-facebook:before{content:"\ea90"}.icon-instagram:before{content:"\ea92"}.icon-youtube:before{content:"\ea9d"}.icon-arrow-right2:before{content:"\ea3c"}.icon-twitter-with-circle:before{content:"\e900"}.icon-instagram-with-circle:before{content:"\e901"}.icon-shopping-basket:before{content:"\e908"}.icon-twitter-square:before{content:"\e903"}.icon-facebook-square:before{content:"\e906"}.icon-envelope:before{content:"\e90e"}.icon-printer:before{content:"\e954"}.icon-share:before{content:"\ea7d"}.icon-chevron-down:before{content:"\e90a"}.icon-bookmark-o:before{content:"\e90b"}.icon-bookmark:before{content:"\e90c"}.widget-title{border-bottom:1px solid #ececec;padding-bottom:15px;font-weight:800;font-size:20px;line-height:24px;color:#000;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:22px}.widget-title h2{padding:0;margin:0;font-weight:800;font-size:20px;line-height:24px}.widget-title a{color:#000;font-weight:800;font-size:20px;line-height:24px}.widget-title .description{font-weight:600;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;display:flex;align-items:center;text-align:right;letter-spacing:.08em;color:#000;text-transform:uppercase}.article-image{position:relative}.play-icon-container{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);z-index:1}.play-icon{border-radius:100%;height:35px;width:35px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.7);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.play-icon i{color:#121212;font-size:25px}.paddingDefault{margin:10px auto}.pointer{cursor:pointer}.mt-40-desktop{margin-top:40px}.mt-100-desktop{margin-top:100px}.mt-35-desktop{margin-top:35px}.mt-45-desktop{margin-top:45px}.mt-50-desktop{margin-top:50px}.mt-73-desktop{margin-top:73px}.mt-89-desktop{margin-top:89px}.custom-container .col-md-3{max-width:28%}.custom-container .col-md-9{max-width:72%}@media(max-width:768px){.mt-35-desktop{margin-top:15px}.mt-40-desktop{margin-top:15px}.mt-45-desktop{margin-top:15px}.mt-50-desktop{margin-top:15px}.mt-73-desktop{margin-top:15px}.mt-89-desktop{margin-top:15px}.mt-100-desktop{margin-top:15px}.custom-container .col-md-3{max-width:100%;margin-top:20px}.custom-container .col-md-9{max-width:100%}}.owl-carousel,.owl-carousel .owl-item{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;position:relative}.owl-carousel{display:none;width:100%;z-index:1}.owl-carousel .owl-stage{position:relative;-ms-touch-action:pan-Y;touch-action:manipulation;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden}.owl-carousel .owl-stage:after{content:".";display:block;clear:both;visibility:hidden;line-height:0;height:0}.owl-carousel .owl-stage-outer{position:relative;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.owl-carousel .owl-item,.owl-carousel .owl-wrapper{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden;-ms-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.owl-carousel .owl-item{min-height:1px;float:left;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-touch-callout:none}.owl-carousel .owl-item img{display:block;width:100%}.owl-carousel .owl-dots.disabled,.owl-carousel .owl-nav.disabled{display:none}.no-js .owl-carousel,.owl-carousel.owl-loaded{display:block}.owl-carousel .owl-dot,.owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,.owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-khtml-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.owl-carousel .owl-nav button.owl-next,.owl-carousel .owl-nav button.owl-prev,.owl-carousel button.owl-dot{background:0;color:inherit;border:0;padding:0!important;font:inherit}.owl-carousel.owl-loading{opacity:0;display:block}.owl-carousel.owl-hidden{opacity:0}.owl-carousel.owl-refresh .owl-item{visibility:hidden}.owl-carousel.owl-drag .owl-item{-ms-touch-action:pan-y;touch-action:pan-y;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.owl-carousel.owl-grab{cursor:move;cursor:grab}.owl-carousel.owl-rtl{direction:rtl}.owl-carousel.owl-rtl .owl-item{float:right}.owl-carousel .animated{animation-duration:1s;animation-fill-mode:both}.owl-carousel .owl-animated-in{z-index:0}.owl-carousel .owl-animated-out{z-index:1}.owl-carousel .fadeOut{animation-name:fadeOut}@keyframes fadeOut{0%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:0}}.owl-height{transition:height .5s ease-in-out}.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy{opacity:0;transition:opacity .4s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy:not([src]),.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy[src^=""]{max-height:0}.owl-carousel .owl-item img.owl-lazy{transform-style:preserve-3d}.owl-carousel .owl-video-wrapper{position:relative;height:100%;background:#000}.owl-carousel .owl-video-play-icon{position:absolute;height:80px;width:80px;left:50%;top:50%;margin-left:-40px;margin-top:-40px;background:url(owl.video.play.png) no-repeat;cursor:pointer;z-index:1;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;transition:transform .1s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-video-play-icon:hover{-ms-transform:scale(1.3,1.3);transform:scale(1.3,1.3)}.owl-carousel .owl-video-playing .owl-video-play-icon,.owl-carousel .owl-video-playing .owl-video-tn{display:none}.owl-carousel .owl-video-tn{opacity:0;height:100%;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;transition:opacity .4s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-video-frame{position:relative;z-index:1;height:100%;width:100%}</style> </head> <body class=" "> <input type="hidden" id="APP_URL" value="https://www.gulf-times.com/" /> <input id="BASE_URL" type="hidden" value="https://www.gulf-times.com/" /> <h1 hidden class="hidden">Opinion</h1> <style> .header-top{border-bottom:1px solid #ececec;padding-bottom:10px;padding-top:10px;color:#8a8a8a;font-weight:500;font-size:10px;line-height:12px}.header-top a{color:#8a8a8a}.header-top .newsletter-signup{text-align:right;display:none}.header-top .separator{margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px}.header-logo{padding:12px 0 10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #ececec}.header-logo .logo{text-align:center}.header-logo .logo img{max-width:100%}.header-nav{padding:12px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #ececec;margin-bottom:10px}.header-logo .mobile-date{display:none}.header-logo .icons{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:start}.header-logo .links{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:end}.header-logo .search i{font-size:19px}.header-logo .signin{color:#000;font-size:10px;line-height:11.7px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase}.header-logo .separator{border-left:1px solid #d9d9d9;margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px;height:35px;display:inline-block}.header-logo .subscribe{color:#000;font-size:10px;line-height:11.7px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;border:1px solid #d9d9d9;padding:10px}.header-nav .toggle,.header-logo .toggle,[id^=drop]{display:none}.header-nav nav{margin:0 auto;padding:0;display:table}.header-nav nav:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.header-nav nav ul{float:right;padding:0;margin:0;list-style:none;position:relative;margin-left:6px}.header-nav nav ul li{margin:0;display:inline-block;float:left}.header-nav nav a{font-family:'Roboto';text-transform:uppercase;display:block;margin:5px 12px 0 12px;color:#000;font-size:12px;line-height:14px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none}.header-nav nav li:hover a{color:#a40600}.header-nav nav li:hover li a{color:#000}.header-nav nav ul li ul li:hover a{color:#a40600}.header-nav nav ul ul{display:none;position:absolute;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #eaeaea;left:9%;top:23px;z-index:2}.header-nav nav ul li:hover>ul{display:inherit}.header-nav nav ul ul li{width:170px;float:none;display:list-item;position:relative;text-align:center}.header-nav nav ul ul li:last-child{border-bottom:0}.header-nav nav ul ul li a{color:#000;font-weight:500;font-size:11px;line-height:14px;margin:0;padding:8px 15px}.header-logo .holder-search{width:0;border:0;margin:0;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease-in-out;transition:all .3s ease-in-out;height:30px;text-align:right;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.header-logo .holder-search .form-field{padding:0;width:0;font-size:14px;line-height:30px;color:#8a8a8a;background-color:transparent;border:0;outline:0}.header-logo .holder-search button{background-color:transparent;border:0;cursor:pointer}.header-logo .showfield .holder-search{width:180px;border:1px solid #d9d9d9}.header-logo .showfield .holder-search .form-field{padding:0 10px;width:100%}.header-logo .showfield .holder-search .icon-search{padding:0;color:#fff}.header-logo .showfield .holder-search .btn-submit{display:inline-block;background-color:#a40600;height:30px}.logged-in-menu{display:flex;align-items:center}@media all and (max-width :991px){.header-nav{position:absolute;background-color:#fff;padding:10px 0 10px 0;z-index:100;width:0}.header-nav nav{margin:0}.header-logo .toggle{display:block;position:absolute;right:15px;top:20px;font-size:19px;z-index:3}.header-nav .menu{display:none}.header-nav .toggle+a,.header-nav nav a{text-transform:uppercase;display:inline-block;margin:5px 9px 0 9px;padding-bottom:9px;color:#404343;font-size:15px;line-height:16.14px;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:none!important}.header-nav [id^=drop]:checked+ul{display:block}.header-nav nav ul li{display:block;width:100%;position:relative;border-bottom:1px solid #d9d9d9;padding-top:8px}.header-nav nav ul li:first-child{padding-top:2px}.header-nav nav ul ul .toggle,.header-nav nav ul ul a{padding:0 40px}nav ul ul ul a{padding:0 80px}.header-nav nav ul ul ul a{background-color:#000}.header-nav nav ul li ul li .toggle,.header-nav nav ul ul a,.header-nav nav ul ul ul a{padding:14px 20px;color:#FFF;font-size:17px}.header-nav nav ul ul{float:none;position:static;background-color:unset;color:#fff;width:calc(100% - 20px)}.header-nav nav ul ul li:hover>ul,.header-nav nav ul li:hover>ul{display:none}.header-nav nav ul ul li{display:block;width:100%;border-bottom:0;text-align:left}.header-nav nav ul ul li a{padding:5px 15px;color:#000!important;text-transform:capitalize}.header-nav nav ul ul ul li{position:static}.menu-item{border-bottom-width:4px!important}.header-logo{position:relative}.header-logo.sticky{position:fixed;top:0;background-color:#fff;z-index:3;width:100%}.header-nav.sticky{position:fixed;top:58px}.header-nav .toggle{display:block;right:10px;top:-3px;position:absolute;margin:0;padding:0;text-align:center;color:#5a5a5a;z-index:1;border:0}.header-nav .toggle i{font-size:29px}.header-nav .menu-item-toggle{padding-top:10px}.header-nav .menu-item-toggle i{font-size:22px}header .search-form-container.showfield .holder-search{width:100%}header .search-form-container.showfield{position:absolute;top:75px;left:0;background-color:#fff;z-index:2;width:71.5%;padding:15px}}@media(max-width:768px){.logged-in-menu .separator{margin-left:5px;margin-right:5px}.header-top{display:none}.header-logo{padding:5px 0 11px 0}.header-logo .logo{width:78%;position:absolute;left:10%;z-index:3}.header-logo .icons{position:absolute;top:19px;z-index:3}.header-logo .links{margin-top:55px;justify-content:flex-end}.header-logo .separator{height:20px}.header-logo .subscribe{padding:0;border:0}.header-logo .mobile-date{display:block;position:absolute;left:15px;margin-top:2px;color:#565656;font-weight:500;font-size:12px;line-height:15px}}@media all and (max-width :575px){header .search-form-container.showfield{width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid #d9d9d9}}@media all and (max-width :330px){.header-nav nav ul li{display:block;width:94%}} </style> <header> <div class="header-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <span class="date">Wednesday, November 27, 2024</span> <span class="separator"> | </span> <span class="info">Daily Newspaper published by GPPC Doha, Qatar.</span> </div> <div class="col-md-6 newsletter-signup">  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-logo"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3 icons"> <div class="search-form-container"> <form class="holder-search" method="GET" action="/search" id="headerSearchForm"> <input class="form-field" type="text" placeholder="Search" name="query" autocomplete="off" id="query"> <button class="btn-submit" aria-label="search" type="button"><span class="search" id="toggleSearch"><i class="icon-search"></i></span></button> </form> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 logo"> <div><a href="/" title="Gulf Times"><img src="/theme_gulftimes/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" width="400" height="50"/></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 links"> <span class="mobile-date">Wednesday, November 27, 2024</span> <a class="signin" href="/premium" title="Sign In">Sign In</a> <div class="separator"> </div> <a class="subscribe" href="/premium-signup" title="Subscribe">Subscribe</a> </div> <label for="drop" class="toggle burger-icon"><i class="icon-menu"></i><i class="icon-close hidden"></i></label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-nav"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <nav> <input type="checkbox" id="drop" /> <ul class="menu"> <li class="li-1"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/" title="HOME" class="menu-item " >HOME</a></li> <li class="li-2"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/qatar" title="QATAR" class="menu-item " >QATAR</a></li> <li class="li-3"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/international" title="INTERNATIONAL" class="menu-item " >INTERNATIONAL</a></li> <li class="li-4"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/region" title="REGION" class="menu-item " >REGION</a></li> <li class="li-5"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/business" title="BUSINESS" class="menu-item " >BUSINESS</a></li> <li class="li-6"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/sport" title="SPORT" class="menu-item " >SPORT</a></li> <li class="li-7"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/opinion" title="OPINION" class="menu-item active" >OPINION</a></li> <li class="li-8"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/community" title="COMMUNITY" class="menu-item " >COMMUNITY</a></li> <li class="li-9"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/media" title="MEDIA" class="menu-item " >MEDIA</a></li> <li class="li-113"><a href="https://epaper.gulf-times.com/?1732703445" title="EPAPER" class="menu-item " target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" >EPAPER</a></li> <li class="li-10"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/classified" title="CLASSIFIEDS" class="menu-item " >CLASSIFIEDS</a></li> <li class="li-117"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/morearticles/sports/qatar-2022" title="Qatar 2022" class="menu-item " >Qatar 2022</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <style> .popupSubscribe .bg-overlay { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); z-index: 99; position: fixed; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; } .popupSubscribe .custom-model-main { position: fixed; top: 50%; right: 50%; margin-right: -275px; margin-top: -200px; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; width: 550px; height:400px; } .popupSubscribe .custom-model-main.model-open { z-index: 99999; opacity: 1; } .popupSubscribe .custom-model-wrap { display: block; width: 100%; position: relative; background-color: #f1f2f3; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); border-radius: 5px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 3px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); background-clip: padding-box; outline: 0; padding:50px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .popupSubscribe .close-btn { position: absolute; right: 15px; top: 15px; width: 30px;height: 30px;text-align: center; cursor: pointer; z-index: 99999; font-size: 26px;line-height: 25px; color: #baccde; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .content{ font-family: 'ITC Regular'; font-weight: bold; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 36px;margin-bottom:10px;text-align: center; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentSmall{ text-align: center; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; /*font-family: 'ITC Regular';*/ letter-spacing: 0.2px; font-weight: bold;color:#8c8b8b;margin-bottom:20px; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentSmall2{ text-align: left; font-size: 13px; line-height: 23px;color:#000;margin-bottom:15px; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentFormToLogin{display: none;} .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentFormToLogin .emailexist{ color: green; font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px; font-weight: bold; display: block;text-align: center;margin-bottom:20px; } .popupSubscribe input{ border:1px solid #eaeaeb; padding:20px; display: block; margin:0px 0px 25px; width:100%;color:#8c8b8b; /*font-family: 'ITC Regular';*/ font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-weight: 400; border-radius: 33px; } .popupSubscribe .sing-in-btn{ color:#fff; display:table;margin: auto; background-color:#a22520; padding:10px 50px; border: 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-weight: 800; cursor: pointer;width: auto;font-family: 'Roboto'; border-radius: 5px; } .popupSubscribe .sing-in-btn.success{ background-color: green; } @media all and (max-width :768px) { .popupSubscribe .custom-model-wrap { padding:20px 10px; } .popupSubscribe .custom-model-main { margin-right: -150px; margin-top: -157px; width: 300px; height:314px; } .popupSubscribe .close-btn { right: 1px; top: 1px; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .content{ font-size: 18px; letter-spacing:0.5px; line-height: 26px; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentSmall{ font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;margin-bottom:15px; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentSmall2{ margin-bottom:10px;font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px; } .popupSubscribe .pop-up-content-wrap .contentFormToLogin .emailexist{ font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px; } .popupSubscribe input{ padding:10px; margin:0px 0px 10px; border-radius: 33px; } .popupSubscribe .sing-in-btn{ padding:10px 30px; } } </style> <div class="popupSubscribe"> <div class="custom-model-main"> <div class="close-btn">×</div> <div class="custom-model-wrap"> <div class="pop-up-content-wrap"> <div class="content"> Subscribe now for Gulf Times </div> <div class="contentSmall"> Personalise your news and receive Newsletters! </div> <div class="contentForm"> <input type="email" class="email-address" name="email-address" placeholder="Email" required=""> <div class="contentSmall2"> By signing up with an email address, I acknowledge that I have read and agree to <u>the Terms of Service</u> and <u>Privacy Policy</u> . </div> <input type="button" class="sing-in-btn" value="Sign up now"> </div> <div class="contentForm contentFormToLogin"> <div class="emailexist">Your email exists</div> <input type="button" class="sing-in-btn success" value="Sign in now"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-overlay"></div> </div> <script> $(function(){$(".search-form-container input").focus();$(".icon-menu").on("click",function(){$(".burger-icon .icon-close").show();$(".burger-icon .icon-menu").hide();$(".header-nav").css("width","100%").css("border","1px solid #f1f1f1")});$(".burger-icon .icon-close").on("click",function(){$(".burger-icon .icon-close").hide();$(".icon-menu").show();$(".header-nav").css("width","0px").css("border","none")});if($(window).width()<768){$(window).scroll(function(){var a=$(window).scrollTop();if(a>92){$(".header-logo").addClass("sticky");$(".header-nav").addClass("sticky")}else{$(".header-logo").removeClass("sticky");$(".header-nav").removeClass("sticky")}})}$("#toggleSearch").on("click",function(){if($("#query").val()!=""){$("#headerSearchForm").submit()}else{$(".search-form-container").toggleClass("showfield")}})});function catapultSetCookie(e,d,c){var b=new Date();var a=new Date();a.setTime(b.getTime()+(c*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie=e+"="+escape(d)+";expires="+a.toGMTString()+"; path=/"}window.onload=function(){if($(".custom-model-main").length){$(".custom-model-main").addClass("model-open");catapultSetCookie("popup-up-sign-up-cookie",1,1);$(".sing-in-btn").on("click",function(){var a=$(".email-address").val();$.ajax({url:"/check_email_exist",method:"post",data:{email:a},success:function(b){if(b=="success"){$(".contentForm").hide();$(".contentFormToLogin").show()}else{var c=$("#APP_URL").val();window.location.href=c+"premium-signup?email="+a}},error:function(d,b,c){console.error(c)}})});$(".sing-in-btn.success").on("click",function(){var a=$("#APP_URL").val();window.location.href=a+"premium"})}};$(".close-btn,.later-btn,.bg-overlay").click(function(){$(".custom-model-main").removeClass("model-open");$(".bg-overlay").hide()});</script> <main class=" ">  <div hidden id="page_info" data-np_page_id="36" data-is_home_page="" data-is_article_page="0" data-page_title="Opinion"> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-horizontal-ad .tableCenter{width:728px;margin:10px auto;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#f9f9f9;min-height:90px;}@media(max-width:769px){.gt-horizontal-ad{display: none;}} </style> <div class="gt-horizontal-ad " data-widget-id="424"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495569527-0' style='min-width: 728px; min-height: 90px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495569527-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-section-page-title{border-bottom: 2px solid #a22520;padding-bottom: 15px;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: 'Roboto'; font-weight: 800; font-size: 30px; line-height: 35px; letter-spacing: 0.03em; color: #A22520;display: flex; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 20px;} .gt-section-page-title h1{font-weight: 800;font-size: 30px;line-height: 35px;padding: 0;margin: 0;} .gt-section-page-title span{padding-right: 20px;} .gt-section-page-title .page-title span{border-bottom: 2px solid #a22520;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;padding-bottom: 15px;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: 'Roboto'; font-weight: 800; font-size: 30px; line-height: 35px; letter-spacing: 0.03em; color: #A22520;} .gt-section-page-title ul.sub-sections{border-left: 2px solid #a22520; padding-left: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; list-style: none;} .gt-section-page-title .sub-sections a.sub-section{font-family: 'Roboto'; font-weight: 600;font-size:12px;line-height:14px;text-transform: uppercase;color:#a22520;margin-right: 10px;} .gt-section-page-title .sub-sections h2{margin-bottom: 6px;margin-top: 6px;display: flex;} .gt-section-page-title ul.sub-sections li{float: left;} @media (max-width: 768px){ .gt-section-page-title ul.sub-sections{display: none;} } </style> <div class="gt-section-page-title paddingDefault " data-widget-id="412"> <h1><span class="page-title">Opinion</span></h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-four-articles .article-style-one .article-title{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:8px}.gt-four-articles .article-style-one .article-title a{font-family:'ITC Regular';font-weight:400;font-size:24px;line-height:29px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#000;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-four-articles .article-style-one .article-body a{font-family:'Roboto';font-size:14px;line-height:24px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#606060;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-four-articles .article-style-one .article-date{margin-bottom:6px;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:500;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.02em;color:#8a8a8a}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two{padding-bottom:10px;padding-top:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #ececec}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two:first-child{padding-top:0}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two:last-child{border-bottom:0}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two .article-title{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:10px}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two .article-title a{font-family:'ITC Regular';font-weight:400;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#000;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two .article-date{font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:500;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.02em;color:#8a8a8a}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two .article-image{display:inline-block;width:140px;margin-right:15px;vertical-align:top}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two .article-image .layout-ratio{padding-bottom:85%}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two .article-info{display:inline-block;width:calc(100% - 160px);vertical-align:top}@media(max-width:768px){.gt-four-articles .article-style-one{margin-bottom:15px}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two:first-child{padding-top:10px}.gt-four-articles .article-style-two:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid #ececec;margin-bottom:20px}} </style> <div class="gt-four-articles paddingDefault " data-widget-id="413"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 article-style-one"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695398/opinion/dollar-strength-in-focus-amid-us-growth-exceptionalism" title="Dollar strength in focus amid US growth exceptionalism"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252169.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252169.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252169.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252169.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695398/opinion/dollar-strength-in-focus-amid-us-growth-exceptionalism" title="Dollar strength in focus amid US growth exceptionalism">Dollar strength in focus amid US growth exceptionalism</a></h2> <div class="article-date"> Tuesday, November 26, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695398/opinion/dollar-strength-in-focus-amid-us-growth-exceptionalism" title="Dollar strength in focus amid US growth exceptionalism"><p>The greenback has an overarching sway over the financial world with the central role US banks and the currency play in the global economy.The dollar last week posted its longest weekly advance in over a year as Donald Trump’s presidential victory and persistent economic growth pushed traders to boost their bets on further gains.The Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index climbed as much as 0.7% last Friday, capping an eight-week rally, the longest since September 2023.The euro fell to a two-year low and the Swiss franc slid to the weakest against the greenback since July.“I would not step in front of this speeding train as long as the US growth exceptionalism story continues,” said Paresh Upadhyaya, director of fixed income and currency strategy at Amundi US Inc.The dollar’s rally has been fuelled by speculation that Trump’s tariffs and tax cuts will fan inflation and add fuel to an economy the Federal Reserve has already been trying to restrain.That has caused traders to dial back expectations for how much the Fed will cut interest rates in the months ahead, driving up bond yields and giving overseas investors an incentive to shift money to the US.“From max bullish on the dollar, we have transitioned to a moderate bullishness on the dollar,” said Alessio de Longis, a senior portfolio manager at Invesco. “We are slowly but steadily taking profits on our dollar overweights and going to a more neutral stance.”Deutsche Bank said that not all of Trump’s policies have been priced in and the dollar has more room to go up.A “maximalist” scenario where Trump enacts his most extreme policies is only 30% priced into financial markets, according to George Saravelos, global head of FX Research at Deutsche Bank.It’s no secret that Trump likes the dollar’s role as the world’s reserve asset, and the accompanying economic and geopolitical power. But he also wants a weak enough foreign-exchange rate to buoy the US manufacturing sector.The duelling forces may become a pillar of his administration’s economic agenda, and as Treasury chief, Scott Bessent would oversee US currency policy.“The reserve currency can go up and down based on the market. I believe that if you have good economic policies, you’re naturally going to have a strong dollar,” Bessent said in interview published in Financial Times in October.At the same time, currency traders are betting that Trump’s policy agenda is about to jumpstart volatility in the $7.5tn-a-day foreign exchange market.After years of benign moves, a gauge of one-year volatility on the euro-dollar exchange rate surged after the election. Hedge funds are scooping up options contracts that pay out if currency swings increase and strategists have dramatically revised their currency forecasts.While it’s not yet clear how quickly Trump will implement policies such as trade tariffs that could cause significant pain to currencies like the euro, investors are pretty certain that unpredictability will be a major feature of his term in office.Investors are underestimating trade war risks under a Trump presidency, according to strategists at Bank of America who predict a 5% slide in emerging-market currencies over the first half of 2025, and a selloff in sovereign debt.Exchange rates do matter because depreciating currencies increase the cost of imported goods, stoking inflation as those expenses feed through to prices in grocery stores and factories.Meanwhile, there’s a higher likelihood that money will pour out of a nation with a weak currency in search of higher yields elsewhere — so-called capital flight — harming domestic investment and growth.</p></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="article-style-two"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695397/opinion/russias-evolving-influence-in-sudan-shifting-alliances-and-strategic-gains" title="Russia’s evolving influence in Sudan: Shifting alliances and strategic gains"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252168.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252168.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252168.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/252168.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" alt="Mohamed Sulieman al-Shazly" title="Mohamed Sulieman al-Shazly" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-info"> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695397/opinion/russias-evolving-influence-in-sudan-shifting-alliances-and-strategic-gains" title="Russia’s evolving influence in Sudan: Shifting alliances and strategic gains">Russia’s evolving influence in Sudan: Shifting alliances and strategic gains</a></h2> <time class="article-date"> Tuesday, November 26, 2024 </time> </div> </div> <div class="article-style-two"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695312/opinion/qfs-al-ghorrah-cultivating-heritage-inspiring-creativity" title="QF’s Al Ghorrah – cultivating heritage, inspiring creativity"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251708.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251708.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251708.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251708.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" alt=" Shk. Nayla al-Thani " title=" Shk. Nayla al-Thani " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-info"> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695312/opinion/qfs-al-ghorrah-cultivating-heritage-inspiring-creativity" title="QF’s Al Ghorrah – cultivating heritage, inspiring creativity">QF’s Al Ghorrah – cultivating heritage, inspiring creativity</a></h2> <time class="article-date"> Monday, November 25, 2024 </time> </div> </div> <div class="article-style-two"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695311/opinion/how-the-us-tracks-ballistic-missile-launches" title="How the US tracks ballistic missile launches"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251702.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251702.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251702.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251702.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" alt=" Residents have a look at the site of a Russian missile strike in Dnipro, Ukraine, last week. (Reuters) " title=" Residents have a look at the site of a Russian missile strike in Dnipro, Ukraine, last week. (Reuters) " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-info"> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695311/opinion/how-the-us-tracks-ballistic-missile-launches" title="How the US tracks ballistic missile launches">How the US tracks ballistic missile launches</a></h2> <time class="article-date"> Monday, November 25, 2024 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-square-desktop-ad .tableCenter{width:300px;margin:10px auto;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#f9f9f9;height:250px;} </style> <div class="gt-square-desktop-ad mt-40-desktop" data-widget-id="427"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495635393-0' style='min-width: 300px; min-height: 250px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495635393-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-horizontal-ad " data-widget-id="414"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495604507-0' style='min-width: 728px; min-height: 90px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495604507-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-several-articles{margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:5px}.gt-several-articles .article{margin-bottom:30px}.gt-several-articles .article-title{margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:15px}.gt-several-articles .article-image{margin-bottom:10px}.gt-several-articles .article-title a{font-family:'ITC Regular';font-size:20px;font-weight:400;line-height:25px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#000;min-height:75px;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-several-articles .article-date{margin-bottom:6px;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:500;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.02em;color:#8a8a8a}@media(max-width:768px){.gt-several-articles .article{margin-bottom:20px}}</style> <div class="gt-several-articles paddingDefault " data-widget-id="416"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695310/opinion/us-permission-to-fire-missiles-on-russia-no-game-changer" title="US permission to fire missiles on Russia ‘no game-changer’"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251700.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251700.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251700.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251700.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695310/opinion/us-permission-to-fire-missiles-on-russia-no-game-changer" title="US permission to fire missiles on Russia ‘no game-changer’">US permission to fire missiles on Russia ‘no game-changer’</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Monday, November 25, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695256/opinion/bracing-for-trump-tariffs-xi-in-diplomatic-push" title="Bracing for Trump tariffs, Xi in diplomatic push"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251387.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251387.JPG&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251387.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251387.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt=" Chinese President Xi Jinping (centre) with South African President Cyril Ramaphosa (left), Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese (right) and other G20 leaders during an event at the G20 Summit at the Museum of Modern Art in Rio de Janeiro last week. (Reuters) " title=" Chinese President Xi Jinping (centre) with South African President Cyril Ramaphosa (left), Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese (right) and other G20 leaders during an event at the G20 Summit at the Museum of Modern Art in Rio de Janeiro last week. (Reuters) " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695256/opinion/bracing-for-trump-tariffs-xi-in-diplomatic-push" title="Bracing for Trump tariffs, Xi in diplomatic push">Bracing for Trump tariffs, Xi in diplomatic push</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Sunday, November 24, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695255/opinion/earths-freshwater-crisis-a-harbinger-of-dry-futures" title="Earth’s freshwater crisis: A harbinger of dry futures"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251385.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251385.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251385.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/24/251385.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695255/opinion/earths-freshwater-crisis-a-harbinger-of-dry-futures" title="Earth’s freshwater crisis: A harbinger of dry futures">Earth’s freshwater crisis: A harbinger of dry futures</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Sunday, November 24, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695179/opinion/trump-surveillance-worries-immigration-rights-groups" title="Trump surveillance worries immigration, rights groups"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/23/250946.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/23/250946.JPG&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/23/250946.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/23/250946.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="US President-elect Donald Trump attends the America First Policy Institute gala at Mar-A-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, last Thursday. (Reuters)" title="US President-elect Donald Trump attends the America First Policy Institute gala at Mar-A-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, last Thursday. (Reuters)" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695179/opinion/trump-surveillance-worries-immigration-rights-groups" title="Trump surveillance worries immigration, rights groups">Trump surveillance worries immigration, rights groups</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Saturday, November 23, 2024 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-trending-topics{margin-bottom:25px}.gt-trending-topics .description{float:right;padding-top:6px}.gt-trending-topics .article-image{margin-bottom:10px}.gt-trending-topics .article-section a{font-family:'Roboto';text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.08em;color:#a22520}.gt-trending-topics .article-title{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:8px}.gt-trending-topics .article-title a{font-family:'ITC Regular';font-size:20px;line-height:25px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#000;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-trending-topics .article-body a{font-family:'ITC Regular';font-size:14px;line-height:24px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#606060;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-trending-topics .article-date{margin-bottom:6px;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:500;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.02em;color:#8a8a8a}@media(max-width:768px){.gt-trending-topics .article{margin-bottom:20px}.gt-trending-topics .description{float:unset}}</style> <div class="gt-trending-topics paddingDefault " data-widget-id="415"> <div class="widget-title"> <h2> Trend Topics <span class="description">Top stories in the last 24 hours</span> </h2> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695306/sports/ronaldo-double-strike-leads-al-nassr-to-easy-win-over-al-gharafa" title="Ronaldo double strike leads Al Nassr to easy win over Al Gharafa"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251613.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251613.jpg&w=600&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251613.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251613.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" alt="Al Nassr&#039;s Cristiano Ronaldo celebrates after scoring against Al Gharafa at the Al Bayt Stadium in Al Khor. REUTERS" title="Al Nassr&#039;s Cristiano Ronaldo celebrates after scoring against Al Gharafa at the Al Bayt Stadium in Al Khor. REUTERS" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-section"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/sports" title="Sports">Sports</a></div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695306/sports/ronaldo-double-strike-leads-al-nassr-to-easy-win-over-al-gharafa" title="Ronaldo double strike leads Al Nassr to easy win over Al Gharafa">Ronaldo double strike leads Al Nassr to easy win over Al Gharafa</a></div> <div class="article-date"> Monday, November 25, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695306/sports/ronaldo-double-strike-leads-al-nassr-to-easy-win-over-al-gharafa" title="Ronaldo double strike leads Al Nassr to easy win over Al Gharafa"><p>Cristiano Ronaldo scored a brace as Saudi Arabia’s Al Nassr Club edged closer to the AFC Champions League Elite knockout stage with a 3-1 win against Al Gharafa of Qatar at the Al Bayt Stadium on Monday.Ronaldo opened Al Nassr’s account with a towering header a minute after the break before adding his second in the 64th minute following Angelo’s 58th minute strike. Joselu pulled one back for Al Gharafa but Al Nassr held firm to move to 13 points.Al Nassr threatened as early as the third minute after Marcelo Brozovic played the ball into the path of Ronaldo, whose grounded effort was easily collected by Al Gharafa keeper Sergio Rico.The home side nearly breached Al Nassr’s defence four minutes later after Yacine Brahimi advanced down the left before cutting the ball back into the area, only for Joselu and Ferjani Sassi to fumble inside a packed box.Sadio Mane continued to exploit the gaps in Al Gharafa’s defence when he played a wonderful through ball to Ronaldo, who set up an unmarked Brozovic nicely at the top of the box but the Croatian midfielder sent his effort over the bar.The Qatari side survived another scare in the 19th minute after a neat exchange between Angelo Gabriel and Brozovic created space for Ronaldo, whose shot was parried by Rico with the rebound falling invitingly for the Croatian, who ballooned the ball over the bar.Al Gharafa responded a minute later with Brahimi sending a well-timed pass to Wajdi Kechrida, who forced Al Nassr keeper Bento into action for the first time.Brahimi had another chance in the 25th minute when he collected Kechrida’s cross just above the area before shooting straight into the path of Mohamed Simaka, who then deflected the Algerian forward’s follow-up.Al Gharafa were let off the hook just before the half-four mark when Matías Nani clattered a surging Mane inside the box, but Al Nassr’s appeal for a penalty was overruled by a VAR review.Ronaldo then wasted a chance to put Al Nassr ahead in the 31st minute when he angled his header from a set-piece situation just wide of the right post, before seeing his effort blocked four minutes before the break.Al Nassr needed just a minute into the second half to take the lead, Sultan Al Ghannam sending a pin-point cross to an unmarked Ronaldo who headed the ball into the back of the net.Al Gharafa fell further behind in the 58th minute after Otavio threaded a through ball to Angelo, who waltzed his way into the box before rounding off Rico for a fine finish.Ronaldo added Al Nassr’s third in the 64th minute when he struck with a curling effort from inside the area, leaving Rico with no chance.Joselu pulled one back for the home side, converting the rebound after Bento had parried his initial effort in the 75th minute but it proved to be a mere consolation.Al Gharafa suffered more agony after Seydou Sano was sent off after picking up a second yellow card for his foul on Mane in the 84th minute.Al Nassr will aim to extend their winning run when they face Qatari side Al Sadd next Tuesday, while Al Gharafa take on Al Hilal of Saudi Arabia.</p></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695366/qatar/qatar-airways-to-relocate-to-new-headquarters-in-msheireb-downtown-doha-in-2025" title="Qatar Airways to relocate to new headquarters in Msheireb Downtown Doha in 2025"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/251871.jpeg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/251871.jpeg&w=600&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/251871.jpeg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/26/251871.jpeg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-section"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695366/qatar/qatar-airways-to-relocate-to-new-headquarters-in-msheireb-downtown-doha-in-2025" title="Qatar Airways to relocate to new headquarters in Msheireb Downtown Doha in 2025">Qatar Airways to relocate to new headquarters in Msheireb Downtown Doha in 2025</a></div> <div class="article-date"> Tuesday, November 26, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695366/qatar/qatar-airways-to-relocate-to-new-headquarters-in-msheireb-downtown-doha-in-2025" title="Qatar Airways to relocate to new headquarters in Msheireb Downtown Doha in 2025"><p>Qatar Airways today announced exciting plans to relocate its global headquarters to Msheireb Downtown Doha in 2025. The news was announced during a signing ceremony at Qatar Airways main office attended by Vice Chairperson of the Board of Directors of Msherieb Properties Eng. Saad Al Muhannadi.Located in the heart of Doha, the new offices will offer Qatar Airways employees state-of-the-art facilities in four interconnected towers, nine kilometres away from the airline’s hub operations centre, Hamad International Airport (DOH).The new location will provide enhanced accessibility to Qatar Airways’ Doha-based employees, located only 10 metres away from Mesheireb Metro Station, where all Doha Metro lines connect.Msheireb Downtown Doha offers a prime location that promotes seamless connectivity across the city and integrates Qatar Airways into a thriving hub of technological advancement and community-oriented development. The new headquarters is designed with sustainability at its core, featuring cutting-edge energy-efficient systems and smart infrastructure to optimise the airline’s day-to-day operations. The new Qatar Airways headquarters has already earned the prestigious SmartScore certification, the global standard for smart buildings. SmartScore champions cutting-edge technology in real estate, setting industry standards for best-in-class buildings that deliver exceptional user experiences, drive cost efficiencies, and are fully future-proof. The building design supports workplace wellness with a host of amenities accessible through digital platforms. Daily operations will also receive a boost with the help of advanced algorithms that can predict mechanical issues before they arise and monitor energy and resource consumption for more sustainable operation.Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive Officer, Engr. Badr Mohammed Al-Meer, said the new headquarters would enable the Group to drive the innovation, productivity and efficiencies required to power the operations of the world’s leading airline into the future, as well as reflect the Group’s commitment to its employees and to sustainability through smart urban design and eco-friendly architecture."As Qatar Airways continues to grow, we believe in investing in our greatest resource; our employees. By enhancing and elevating our work environment, we aim to not only create a more enjoyable, modern and collaborative working environment for our people, but also advance the airline’s role as an employer of choice in the region.This is the first large-scale office relocation for Qatar Airways Group, which currently occupies three separate buildings in the Old Airport area of the city. The new office towers are owned by real estate development company and subsidiary of Qatar Foundation, Msheireb Properties.Blending Qatar’s architectural heritage with modern design, Msheireb Downtown Doha is the world’s first fully built smart and sustainable city district with Platinum Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification."It has always been our ambition to create a vibrant environment that attracts pioneering organizations to Msheireb Downtown Doha. Qatar Airways, as one of the world's leading airlines, perfectly exemplifies this vision. We take great pride in welcoming them to our community, as their presence further establishes Msheireb Downtown Doha as a premier destination for global business excellence," said Eng. Saad Al Muhannadi, Vice Chairperson of the Board of Directors of Msheireb Properties.Msheireb Properties CEO Eng. Ali Mohammed Al Kuwari, said: “Msheireb Downtown Doha is rapidly growing into Qatar’s tech, tourism and creativity hub, attracting partners and collaborators who share our and Qatar Airways’ vision for a connected, future-ready city. We are eager to welcome Qatar Aiwayrs into the Msheireb Downtown Doha family, sharing a commitment to sustainable development and a desire to build a human-centric community in Qatar.”Engr. Al-Meer stated: “Relocating to Qatar’s first smart and sustainable district, with state-of-the-art solutions that will overcome modern operational issues and drive performance, is the right thing to do for us and for the State of Qatar. We look forward to welcoming our Qatar Airways family to a workspace fit for the airline’s very bright future.”Situated on Al Nakheel Street, Qatar Airways’ new head office is the highest building in Msheireb, offering breath-taking views of Doha’s iconic skyline. With a total gross area of 51,602 square feet, the four interconnected towers share a lobby. Tower A, the tallest in Msheireb Downtown Doha, rises to 20 stories high, while Tower B stands at 15 stories. Towers C and D are both six stories high.</p></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695305/qatar/14th-dhow-festival-kicks-off-wednesday-at-katara" title="14th Dhow Festival kicks off Wednesday at Katara"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251586.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251586.jpg&w=600&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251586.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/251586.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-section"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695305/qatar/14th-dhow-festival-kicks-off-wednesday-at-katara" title="14th Dhow Festival kicks off Wednesday at Katara">14th Dhow Festival kicks off Wednesday at Katara</a></div> <div class="article-date"> Monday, November 25, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695305/qatar/14th-dhow-festival-kicks-off-wednesday-at-katara" title="14th Dhow Festival kicks off Wednesday at Katara"><p>Under the patronage of His Highness the Amir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani, the 14th Traditional Dhow Festival is set to kick off Wednesday at the Cultural Village Foundation — Katara and continues until December 7, 2024.The festival is one of the most consequential cultural events held annually in the region that commemorates the inveterate maritime heritage of the Gulf states and the world.Speaking to Qatar News Agency (QNA), Katara's Director of Public Relations and Communications Department, Salem Mabkhout al-Marri, said this cultural demonstration will host the participation of 10 friendly and sisterly countries, namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait, Palestine, Iraq, India, Tanzania, and Iran, along with Qatar as the host.This participation will add an international dimension to the festival, reflecting the cultural and maritime diversity of both the region and the world.The festival will showcase a programme that abounds with outstanding activities, chiefly maritime art shows on Thursdays and Fridays, featuring a maritime opera that spotlights traditional maritime arts in the region, added al- Marri.He highlighted that a special opera will be presented to mark the launch of the 6th Fath Al Khair cruise, thereby adding an extraordinary festive element that narrates a part of the maritime history of the region.In addition, daily joyful and buoyant maritime art shows are awaiting the visitors, including traditional forms of Gulf music and performance, as well as the Omani marine art masterpieces to illuminate the maritime cultural diversity in the Gulf region. Strikingly, visitors will enjoy watching the natural pearl show to learn how to craft and sell it, along with the methods of opening oysters to extract pearls, reflecting the significance of this industry in the region's history.The event will not be limited to art shows, but it will extend beyond that to include daily cultural symposia from Saturdays to Wednesdays, where participants will discuss diverse topics such as maritime heritage, diving, marine navigation, and the region's history in the maritime domain. Additionally, it will be punctuated by professional educational workshops on how to make and maintain ships, fishing equipment and a broad range of handcrafts.The festival is a significant cultural platform to promote understanding among nations and pay tribute to the marine legacy which accounts for the core part of the Gulf identity and offers visitors the opportunity to gain experience about the showcased marine arts and skills as the hallmarks of the Gulf states and the world.</p></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-square-desktop-ad mt-50-desktop" data-widget-id="426"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495641310-0' style='min-width: 300px; min-height: 250px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495641310-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-horizontal-ad " data-widget-id="417"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495610651-0' style='min-width: 728px; min-height: 90px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495610651-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-videos .article .article-image{position:relative;margin-bottom:15px}.gt-videos .play-icon-container{position:absolute;bottom:15px;left:15px;z-index:1;top:unset;transform:unset}.gt-videos .layout-ratio img{object-fit:cover}.gt-videos .play-icon{border-radius:100%;height:35px;width:35px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.7);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.gt-videos .play-icon i{color:#121212;font-size:25px}.gt-videos .article .article-section a{font-family:'Roboto';text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.08em;color:#a22520}.gt-videos .article .article-title{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:8px}.gt-videos .article .article-title a{font-family:'ITC Regular';font-size:24px;line-height:29px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#000;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-videos .article .article-body a{font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:24px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#606060;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.gt-videos .article .article-date{margin-bottom:6px;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:500;font-size:10px;line-height:12px;letter-spacing:.02em;color:#8a8a8a}@media(max-width:768px){.gt-videos .article{margin-bottom:20px}}</style> <div class="gt-videos paddingDefault " data-widget-id="423"> <div class="widget-title"> <h2> Videos </h2> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695018/media/the-inauguration-of-the-land-of-legends---simaisma" title="The Inauguration Of The Land Of Legends - Simaisma"> <div class="layout-ratio"> <img src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/GLJxYgG9jh8/hqdefault.jpg" data-src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/GLJxYgG9jh8/hqdefault.jpg" alt="No Image" class="lazy video-image" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png'"> </div> <div class="play-icon-container"> <div class="play-icon"><i class="icon-triangle-right"></i></div> </div> <div class="play-icon-container"> <div class="play-icon"><i class="icon-triangle-right"></i></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-section"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/media" title="Media">Media</a></div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695018/media/the-inauguration-of-the-land-of-legends---simaisma" title="The Inauguration Of The Land Of Legends - Simaisma">The Inauguration Of The Land Of Legends - Simaisma</a></div> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695018/media/the-inauguration-of-the-land-of-legends---simaisma" title="The Inauguration Of The Land Of Legends - Simaisma"><p></p></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695017/media/morocco---the-land-of-travelers" title="Morocco - The Land Of Travelers"> <div class="layout-ratio"> <img src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/6zMAZT3MYBQ/hqdefault.jpg" data-src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/6zMAZT3MYBQ/hqdefault.jpg" alt="No Image" class="lazy video-image" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png'"> </div> <div class="play-icon-container"> <div class="play-icon"><i class="icon-triangle-right"></i></div> </div> <div class="play-icon-container"> <div class="play-icon"><i class="icon-triangle-right"></i></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-section"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/media" title="Media">Media</a></div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695017/media/morocco---the-land-of-travelers" title="Morocco - The Land Of Travelers">Morocco - The Land Of Travelers</a></div> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695017/media/morocco---the-land-of-travelers" title="Morocco - The Land Of Travelers"><p>Step into the magic of Morocco! The Land of Travelers exhibition has officially opened at @fbqmuseum in Qatar, celebrating culture, history, and art.Don’t miss this captivating journey! #yearsOf Culture </p></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695016/media/qatar-balloon-festival---by-asfary-qatar--gulf-times-today" title="QATAR BALLOON FESTIVAL - By Asfary Qatar- Gulf Times Today"> <div class="layout-ratio"> <img src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/yhXvfx8t8cs/hqdefault.jpg" data-src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/yhXvfx8t8cs/hqdefault.jpg" alt="No Image" class="lazy video-image" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png'"> </div> <div class="play-icon-container"> <div class="play-icon"><i class="icon-triangle-right"></i></div> </div> <div class="play-icon-container"> <div class="play-icon"><i class="icon-triangle-right"></i></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-section"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/media" title="Media">Media</a></div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695016/media/qatar-balloon-festival---by-asfary-qatar--gulf-times-today" title="QATAR BALLOON FESTIVAL - By Asfary Qatar- Gulf Times Today">QATAR BALLOON FESTIVAL - By Asfary Qatar- Gulf Times Today</a></div> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695016/media/qatar-balloon-festival---by-asfary-qatar--gulf-times-today" title="QATAR BALLOON FESTIVAL - By Asfary Qatar- Gulf Times Today"><p>An unforgettable ride with Asfary Qatar in the Qatar Balloon Festival 2024. </p></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-four-articles paddingDefault " data-widget-id="418"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 article-style-one"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695110/opinion/world-childrens-day-enhancing-childrens-rights-to-ensure-better-future" title="World Children’s Day... Enhancing children’s rights to ensure better future"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250533.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250533.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250533.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250533.jpg&w=400&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695110/opinion/world-childrens-day-enhancing-childrens-rights-to-ensure-better-future" title="World Children’s Day... Enhancing children’s rights to ensure better future">World Children’s Day... Enhancing children’s rights to ensure better future</a></h2> <div class="article-date"> Friday, November 22, 2024 </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695110/opinion/world-childrens-day-enhancing-childrens-rights-to-ensure-better-future" title="World Children’s Day... Enhancing children’s rights to ensure better future"><p>The development of childhood and the enhancement of children’s rights form a guiding framework towards creating a better world now and in the future.By listening to children we can fulfil their right to self-expression, understand their ideas for a better world and include their priorities in our actions today.This year, the world and its international institutions are celebrating World Children’s Day under the theme “Listen to the future. Stand Up for Children’s Rights.” World Children’s Day offers everyone an inspirational entry-point to advocate, promote and celebrate children’s rights, translating into dialogues and actions that will build a better world for children.World Children’s Day was first established in 1954 as Universal Children’s Day and is celebrated on November 20 each year to promote international togetherness, awareness among children worldwide, and improving children’s welfare.November 20 is an important date as it is the date when the UN General Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child. It is also the date in 1989 when the UN General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child.The UN Children’s Fund (Unicef) is one of the leading international organisations active in the field of children’s rights, their development, and protection. Unicef works in over 190 countries and territories, focusing special effort on reaching the most vulnerable and excluded children living amid social challenges and armed conflicts. Unicef became a permanent part of the UN system in 1953 and has launched global campaigns focusing especially on health and education.Unicef draws attention to poverty as a primary concern, which affects children disproportionately around the world. One in every six children globally lives in extreme poverty, earning less than $1.90 per day, and their families struggle to meet basic healthcare costs and the nutrition necessary for a strong start in life. In 2019, 149mn children under the age of five suffered from stunting due to malnutrition.Despite significant progress in school enrolment rates in many parts of the world, more than 175mn children are not enrolled in pre-primary education, missing a critical investment opportunity and suffering deep inequalities from the start, missing a critical investment opportunity and suffering deep inequalities from the start. Unicef statistics show that 6 out of 10 children leave primary school without achieving the minimum levels of literacy, writing, or mathematics. This challenge is exacerbated in areas affected by prolonged armed conflicts.For over 20 years, Unicef has been working to garner support against the recruitment of children in armed conflicts. Since then, thousands of children have been released due to action plans decided by the UN Security Council and other measures aimed at ending and preventing the exploitation of children by armed forces and groups. However, serious challenges remain in protecting children affected by armed conflict.In 2019, 1.6bn children, or about 69%, lived in conflict-affected countries. About 426mn children live in conflict zones. These children face numerous risks, including displacement, separation from their families, forced recruitment, or becoming victims of organised gangs in some fragile states.In this context, violence against children represents one of the most significant developmental challenges, as it is a major barrier to achieving basic cultural and educational requirements. This includes the growing issue of bullying via the internet, leading to isolation, loneliness, and fear, particularly among younger children who are more vulnerable because they are less able to speak out and seek support.Qatar’s government and its institutions place great emphasis on enhancing and protecting children’s rights. This is clearly demonstrated through the establishment of numerous legal frameworks, as well as the adoption of administrative and practical measures in various fields at the national, regional, and international levels. This is in line with Qatar National Vision 2030 and its commitments to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, to which Qatar acceded in 1992 and ratified in 1995.Qatar has created appropriate mechanisms to protect children’s rights, such as the Protection and Social Rehabilitation Centre (Aman), under the umbrella of Qatar Foundation for Social Work. This centre aims to raise awareness of child protection and build institutional capacities in this area. Additionally, Qatar supports efforts to enhance and protect children’s rights in education through numerous governmental initiatives and initiatives by civil society institutions, providing quality education opportunities for both Qatari citizens and residents.Qatar has established one of the world’s most advanced educational systems, which received a government expenditure of nearly 3.3% of the country’s GDP in 2019 — one of the highest public expending rates in the Middle East and North Africa, according to the Word Bank. Nearly QR19.2bn ($5.3bn) was allocated to the education sector from the budget, representing about 9.3% of total expenditures allocated to the education sector and child care institutions.Regarding the enhancement of the protection of children, Qatar has not overlooked the role of technological development and the opportunities it provides in the digital field for education and enhancing the protection of children’s rights. In this field, the Qatar Social Work Foundation launched in 2018 the ‘Help Me’ app, as the first e-service for children that enables them to request help via mobile phone in case they are harmed.At the level of regional and international cooperation, the State of Qatar implemented international and regional initiatives aimed at providing quality education to millions of children who have been deprived due to poverty, armed conflicts, insecurity, and disasters. Among these initiatives, for example, are the “Protect Education in Insecurity and Conflict” programme — a founding member of the Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack (GCPEA), and the Educate A Child (EAC) programme — an unprecedented initiative that enrolled 10mn children in schooling through implementing over 65 projects in 50 countries, in partnership with 82 global partners.The State of Qatar is proud of its close partnership with the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict, and hosting and financially supporting its Doha-based Analysis and Outreach Hub for the years 2018-2023. Qatar is also proud of its partnership with Unicef to implement many projects and programmes, which contributed to saving the lives of children, defending their rights and helping them achieve their potential, including the opening of the Unesco Regional Office as part of the UN House in Doha in March 2022.The 10-year partnership between Unicef and Qatar’s Education Above All (EAA) Foundation has achieveda major transformation in the lives of over 5mn children and young people in 17 countries, through their joint programs, which were reflected in “A Decade of Dreams” exhibition, held in partnership with Unicef in New York on Sept 13, 2023, to mark 10 years of effective and fruitful cooperation to change the lives of millions of children around the world.</p></a></div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="article-style-two"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695109/opinion/carbon-farming-wont-save-the-planet" title="Carbon farming won’t save the planet"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250531.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250531.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250531.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250531.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-info"> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695109/opinion/carbon-farming-wont-save-the-planet" title="Carbon farming won’t save the planet">Carbon farming won’t save the planet</a></h2> <time class="article-date"> Friday, November 22, 2024 </time> </div> </div> <div class="article-style-two"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695108/opinion/putins-missile-message-to-the-west-back-off" title="Putin’s missile message to the West: ‘Back off’"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250529.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250529.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250529.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/22/250529.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-info"> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695108/opinion/putins-missile-message-to-the-west-back-off" title="Putin’s missile message to the West: ‘Back off’">Putin’s missile message to the West: ‘Back off’</a></h2> <time class="article-date"> Friday, November 22, 2024 </time> </div> </div> <div class="article-style-two"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695055/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250232.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250232.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250232.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250232.jpg&w=200&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <div class="article-info"> <h2 class="article-title"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695055/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner">Cartoon Corner</a></h2> <time class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-square-desktop-ad mt-40-desktop" data-widget-id="419"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495626916-0' style='min-width: 320px; min-height: 50px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495626916-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-square-mobile-ad .tableCenter{width:300px;margin:10px auto;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#f9f9f9;height:250px;} </style> <div class="gt-square-mobile-ad " data-widget-id="430"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-horizontal-ad " data-widget-id="425"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1644495619414-0' style='min-width: 728px; min-height: 90px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1644495619414-0'); }); </script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <div class="gt-several-articles paddingDefault " data-widget-id="420"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695045/opinion/trumps-pick-as-us-intel-chief-divides-opinion" title="Trump’s pick as US intel chief divides opinion"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250201.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250201.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250201.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/21/250201.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/695045/opinion/trumps-pick-as-us-intel-chief-divides-opinion" title="Trump’s pick as US intel chief divides opinion">Trump’s pick as US intel chief divides opinion</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694983/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249857.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249857.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249857.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249857.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title=" " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694983/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner">Cartoon Corner</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694982/opinion/long-range-strikes-against-russia-too-late-for-ukraine" title="Long-range strikes against Russia: too late for Ukraine?"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249855.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249855.JPG&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249855.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249855.JPG&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt=" US President Joe Biden whispers into the ears of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington last year. (Reuters) " title=" US President Joe Biden whispers into the ears of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington last year. (Reuters) " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694982/opinion/long-range-strikes-against-russia-too-late-for-ukraine" title="Long-range strikes against Russia: too late for Ukraine?">Long-range strikes against Russia: too late for Ukraine?</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694981/opinion/can-cop29-deal-clean-up-tainted-carbon-offsets" title="Can COP29 deal clean up tainted carbon offsets?"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249849.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249849.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249849.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/20/249849.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title="" onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694981/opinion/can-cop29-deal-clean-up-tainted-carbon-offsets" title="Can COP29 deal clean up tainted carbon offsets?">Can COP29 deal clean up tainted carbon offsets?</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Thursday, November 21, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694919/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249401.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249401.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249401.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249401.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title=" " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694919/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner">Cartoon Corner</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Wednesday, November 20, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694918/opinion/why-nuclear-weapons-will-be-on-trumps-agenda" title="Why nuclear weapons will be on Trump’s agenda"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249398.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249398.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249398.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249398.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title=" " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694918/opinion/why-nuclear-weapons-will-be-on-trumps-agenda" title="Why nuclear weapons will be on Trump’s agenda">Why nuclear weapons will be on Trump’s agenda</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Wednesday, November 20, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694917/opinion/ai-struggles-bumpy-road-to-more-advanced-models" title="AI struggles: Bumpy road to more advanced models"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249395.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249395.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249395.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/19/249395.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title=" " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694917/opinion/ai-struggles-bumpy-road-to-more-advanced-models" title="AI struggles: Bumpy road to more advanced models">AI struggles: Bumpy road to more advanced models</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Wednesday, November 20, 2024 </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 article"> <div class="article-image"><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694829/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/248944.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/248944.jpg&w=500&q=100&f=webp" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/248944.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://gulf-times.com/gulftimes/uploads/images/2024/11/18/248944.jpg&w=300&q=100&f=webp" alt="Gulf Times" title=" " onerror="this.src='/theme_gulftimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a></div> <h2 class="article-title"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/article/694829/opinion/cartoon-corner" title="Cartoon Corner">Cartoon Corner</a> </h2> <div class="article-date"> Tuesday, November 19, 2024 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-section-load-more .more-posts a{color: #333333;display:block;border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;margin: 0 auto;font-family: 'Roboto';font-weight: 500;width: 200px;font-size: 12px;line-height: 18px;text-align: center;padding: 8px;} @media(max-width768px) { .gt-section-load-more .more-posts {margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 30px;} } </style> <div class="gt-section-load-more paddingDefault " data-widget-id="422"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 more-posts"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/morearticles/opinion" title="Load More">Load More</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 noPadding col-xs-12">  <style> .gt-newsletter-widget{margin-top:50px;background-color:#f8f8f8;padding:50px}.gt-newsletter-widget .info i{color:#a22520;border:1px solid #a22520;border-radius:4px;padding:5px;margin-right:10px;height:33px}.gt-newsletter-widget .info .title{margin-bottom:22px;font-family:'Roboto';width:70%;display:inline-flex;font-weight:800;font-size:20px;line-height:23px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#000}.gt-newsletter-widget .info .description{font-family:'Roboto';margin-left:41px;font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:24px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#606060}.gt-newsletter-widget .form input::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#000}.gt-newsletter-widget .form input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#000}.gt-newsletter-widget .form input:-moz-placeholder{color:#000}.gt-newsletter-widget .form input::-moz-placeholder{color:#000}.gt-newsletter-widget .form input{border:1px solid #000;padding:15px 8px;width:50%}.gt-newsletter-widget .form button{border:0;background-color:#000;color:#fff;height:47px;margin-left:-4px;width:25%}.gt-newsletter-widget .form p{margin-top:15px;width:75%;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:10px;line-height:18px;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:#606060}@media(max-width:768px){.gt-newsletter-widget{margin-top:30px;padding:20px}.gt-newsletter-widget .info .title{width:100%}.gt-newsletter-widget .form{margin-top:20px}.gt-newsletter-widget .form input{width:65%}.gt-newsletter-widget .form button{width:34%}.gt-newsletter-widget .form p{width:100%}.gt-newsletter-widget .info .description br{display:none}}</style> <div class="gt-newsletter-widget paddingDefault " data-widget-id="421"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 info"> <div class="title"><i class="icon-arrow-down-right2"></i><span>SIGN UP FOR THE GULF TIMES NEWSLETTER</span></div> <div class="description">Our biggest stories, delivered to your inbox every day.<br/> See all newsletters.</div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 form"> <form class="newsletter-form" action="https://app.moosend.com/subscribe/411dc129-d625-4697-9dab-8e1f230fcfc1" method="post" id="ms-sub-form" target="_blank"> <input type="email" name="ms-email" id="email" required class="newsletter-form-input" placeholder="Email address"/> <button type="submit" class="submit-btn">SUBMIT</button> </form> <p>By signing up you agree to our User Agreement (including the class action waiver and arbitration provisions), our Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement and to receive marketing and account-related emails from GULF TIMES. You can unsubscribe at any time.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <style> footer{margin-top:45px}footer .footer-details{background-color:#f8f8f8;border-bottom:1px solid #dfdfdf;padding:27px 0}footer .footer-details .info{color:#757575;font-weight:500;font-size:13px;line-height:15px;margin-left:20px}footer .footer-details .logo{display:flex;align-items:center}footer .footer-details .links{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:end}footer .footer-details .signin{color:#000;font-size:10px;line-height:11.7px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase}footer .footer-details .separator{border-left:1px solid #d9d9d9;margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px;height:35px;display:inline-block}footer .footer-details .subscribe{color:#000;font-size:10px;line-height:11.7px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;border:1px solid #d9d9d9;padding:10px}footer .footer-nav{padding:10px 0}footer .footer-nav{padding:30px 0}footer .footer-nav .footer-group{width:auto;padding-right:45px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:text-top}footer .footer-nav .footer-group.group-1{width:29%}footer .footer-nav .footer-group.group-1 .footer-group-links{display:flex}footer .footer-nav .footer-group.group-1 ul{padding-right:40px}footer .footer-nav .footer-group.group-2{width:20%}footer .footer-nav .footer-group.group-3{width:25%}footer .footer-nav .footer-group.group-4{width:20%}footer .footer-nav .footer-group:last-child{padding-right:0;width:18%}footer .footer-nav .footer-group-title{border-bottom:1px solid #747474;text-transform:uppercase;padding-bottom:13px;margin-bottom:13px;font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:600;font-size:13px;line-height:15px;color:#000}footer .footer-nav .footer-group-links li{list-style:none}footer .footer-nav .footer-group-links ul{padding-left:0;margin-top:5px}footer .footer-nav .footer-group-links li a{font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:24px;color:#747474}footer .footer-nav .footer-group-links p{font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:24px;color:#606060;margin:0 0 10px 0}footer .footer-icons div{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(217,217,217,0.26);height:30px;width:30px;margin-right:6px;float:left;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}footer .footer-icons div:last-child{margin-right:0}footer .footer-icons a{color:#000}footer .footer-icons i{font-size:19px}footer .footer-icons .twitter-icon{width:30px;height:30px}footer .footer-icons .twitter-icon img{width:30px;height:auto}footer .footer-icons .other-icon img{width:22px;height:auto}footer .footer-second-nav{background-color:#2e2e2e;padding:20px 0}footer .footer-second-nav a{font-weight:600px;font-size:12px;line-height:14px;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-right:10px}footer .footer-copyrights{background-color:#000;padding:12px 0}footer .quick-links a{font-size:13px;font-weight:400;line-height:24px;color:#757575;position:relative;padding-right:10px}footer .quick-links a:after{content:"";background:#757575;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;height:100%;width:1px}footer .quick-links a:last-child:after{display:none}footer .copyrights{font-family:'Roboto';font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:24px;color:#fff;text-align:right}@media(max-width:768px){footer .copyrights{text-align:center}footer .footer-copyrights .quick-links{display:none}footer .footer-details{display:none}footer .footer-nav{display:none}footer .footer-second-nav{display:none}} </style> <footer> <div class="footer-details"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 logo"> <a href="/" title="Gulf Times"><img src="/theme_gulftimes/images/logo.png" alt="Logo" class="logo" /></a> <span class="info">Daily Newspaper published by GPPC Doha, Qatar.</span> </div> <div class="col-md-3 links"> <a class="signin" href="/premium" title="Sign In">Sign In</a> <div class="separator"> </div> <a class="subscribe" href="/premium-signup" title="Subscribe">Subscribe</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-nav"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="footer-group group-1"> <div class="footer-group-title">GULT TIMES SITE MAP</div> <div class="footer-group-links"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/international" title="International">International</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/region" title="Region">Region</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/business" title="Business">Business</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/sport" title="Sport">Sport</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/opinion" title="Opinion">Opinion</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/community" title="Community">Community</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/media" title="Media">Media</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/classified" title="Classifieds">Classifieds</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/authors" title="Authors">Authors</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-group group-2"> <div class="footer-group-title">INFORMATION</div> <div class="footer-group-links"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/about" title="About Us">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/contact" title="Contact Us">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/participateform" title="Participate With Us">Participate With Us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-group group-3"> <div class="footer-group-title">ADVERTISE IN GULF TIMES</div> <div class="footer-group-links"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/newspaperadverts" title="Newspaper">Newspaper</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/advertise" title="Ads Booking">Ads Booking</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/pdf/mediakitonline.pdf?v=1" title="Website">Website</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/allsitemap" title="Sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/terms-and-conditions" title="Site Content Usage">Site Content Usage</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-group group-5"> <div class="footer-group-title">Follow Us</div> <div class="footer-group-links"> <p>Want more politics, health care, and media updates?</p> <div class="footer-icons"> <div><a href="https://www.facebook.com/gulftimes" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" title="Facebook"><i class="icon-facebook1"></i></a></div> <div class="twitter-icon"><a href="https://twitter.com/GulfTimes_QATAR" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" title="Twitter"><img src="/theme_gulftimes/images/twitter-x.svg" alt="twitter" width="30" height="22" /></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/GulftimesVideos" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" title="Youtube"><i class="icon-youtube"></i></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.instagram.com/gulftimes/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" title="Instagram"><i class="icon-instagram-with-circle"></i></a></div> <div class="twitter-icon other-icon"><a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaZb7dg1t90eFDTPpr1V" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" title="whatsapp"><img src="/theme_gulftimes/images/whatsapp.svg" width="19" height="19" alt="whatsapp" /></a></div> <div class="twitter-icon other-icon"><a href="https://t.me/gulftimesnews" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" title="telegram"><img src="/theme_gulftimes/images/telegram.svg" width="19" height="19" alt="whatsapp" /></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-second-nav"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/homepage" title="HOME" >HOME</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/qatar" title="QATAR" >QATAR</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/international" title="INTERNATIONAL" >INTERNATIONAL</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/region" title="REGION" >REGION</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/business" title="BUSINESS" >BUSINESS</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/sport" title="SPORT" >SPORT</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/opinion" title="OPINION" >OPINION</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/community" title="COMMUNITY" >COMMUNITY</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/media" title="MEDIA" >MEDIA</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/pdfs" title="PDF" >PDF</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/classified" title="CLASSIFIEDS" >CLASSIFIEDS</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-copyrights"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 quick-links"> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/rss" title="RSS" >RSS</a> <a href="https://www.gulf-times.com/allsitemap" title="Site Map" >Site Map</a> </div> <div class="col-md-6 copyrights"> All Rights Reserved © Gulf Times. </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <input type="hidden" name="csrf-token" content=""> <script> var lazysettimeout_value = 1000; var lazyloadScript_config = 1; lazysettimeout_value=1000; document.addEventListener("mousemove", lazyloadScript); document.addEventListener("scroll", lazyloadScript); document.addEventListener("touchstart", lazyloadScript); setTimeout(function(){ lazyloadScript(); },lazysettimeout_value); function lazyloadScript(){ if(lazyloadScript_config){ lazyloadScript_config = 0; $.getScript('https://www.gulf-times.com/theme_gulftimes/js/lazyload.min.js',function(){ new LazyLoad({ elements_selector: ".lazy", threshold: 0, }); }); } } </script> <script async type="text/javascript" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e9171d5e83481cc',t:'MTczMjcwMzQ0Ni4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body> </html>