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Learjet 23 - Wikipedia

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href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AA_23" title="ليرجيت 23 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليرجيت 23" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learjet_23" title="Learjet 23 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Learjet 23" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learjet_23" title="Learjet 23 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Learjet 23" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1966 business jet aircraft</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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.infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Learjet 23</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG/300px-Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG/450px-Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG/600px-Air_Zoo_Learjet_II.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1880" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Business_jet" title="Business jet">Business jet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Learjet" title="Learjet">Learjet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><div> <a href="/wiki/William_Powell_Lear" class="mw-redirect" title="William Powell Lear">William Powell Lear</a>, based on a design by Dr.eng. Hans-Luzius Studer</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">101<sup id="cite_ref-Flight12oct2018_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flight12oct2018-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufactured</th><td class="infobox-data">1964–1966<sup id="cite_ref-Flight12oct2018_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flight12oct2018-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">13 October 1964</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">7 October 1963</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Learjet 23</b> (originally <b>Lear Jet 23</b>) is an American six-to-eight-seat (two crew and four to six passengers) <a href="/wiki/Twinjet" title="Twinjet">twinjet</a>, high-speed <a href="/wiki/Business_jet" title="Business jet">business jet</a> manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Learjet" title="Learjet">Learjet</a>. Introduced in 1964, it was Learjet's first model and created a new market for fast and efficient small business aircraft. Production ended in 1966 after 101 aircraft had been delivered. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recognizing the potential of the Swiss-designed single-engine ground-attack <a href="/wiki/FFA_P-16" title="FFA P-16">FFA P-16</a> fighter jet, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Lear" title="Bill Lear">William (Bill) Powell Lear, Sr.</a> established Swiss American Aviation Corporation (SAAC) to produce a two-engined passenger version: the <b>SAAC-23 Execujet</b>. The company moved to <a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a> and was renamed Lear Jet Corporation. Production began on the first Model 23 Lear Jet on 7 February 1962. The first flight took place on 7 October 1963 with test pilots Hank Beaird and Bob Hagen.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 4 June 1964, the prototype crashed soon after takeoff, when the pilot inadvertently deployed the wing spoilers while demonstrating an engine failure on takeoff.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Eventually determined to be pilot error, this mishap did not deter the Federal Aviation Agency (later the Federal Aviation Administration) from awarding the Lear Jet 23 its type certificate on 31 July 1964. On 13 October 1964, the first production aircraft was delivered. </p><p>Production ended in 1966 after one hundred and one aircraft had been delivered. In 1998, thirty nine Model 23s were estimated to remain in use. Twenty seven are known to have been lost or damaged beyond repair through accidents, the most recent being in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noise_compliance">Noise compliance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Noise compliance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, the FAA modified 14 CFR part 91 rules to prohibit the operation of jets weighing 75,000 pounds or less that are not stage 3 noise compliant after 31 December 2015. The Learjet 23 is listed explicitly in Federal Register <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/FR-2013-07-02/2013-15843/content-detail.html">78 FR 39576</a>. Any Learjet 23s that have not been modified by installing Stage 3 noise compliant engines or have not had "hushkits" installed for non-compliant engines will not be permitted to fly in the contiguous 48 states after 31 December 2015. <i>14 CFR §&#160;91.883 Special flight authorizations for jet airplanes weighing 75,000 pounds or less</i> – lists special flight authorizations that may be granted for operation after 31 December 2015. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aircraft_on_display">Aircraft on display</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Aircraft on display"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg/220px-NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg/330px-NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg/440px-NASA_701_Learjet_23_chase_aircraft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="703" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> Learjet 23 chase aircraft</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>N802L – Model 23 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Udvar-Hazy_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Udvar-Hazy Center">Udvar-Hazy Center</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Air_and_Space_Museum" title="National Air and Space Museum">National Air and Space Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chantilly,_Virginia" title="Chantilly, Virginia">Chantilly, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rzjets_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rzjets-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N505PF – Model 23 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Aviation_Museum" title="Kansas Aviation Museum">Kansas Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rzjets_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rzjets-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N20EP – on display outside White Industries, Bates City, Missouri.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N23BY – Model 23 on display at the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Air_%26_Military_Museum" title="Arkansas Air &amp; Military Museum">Arkansas Air &amp; Military Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville, Arkansas</a>. This airframe was flown by Bobby Younkin in air shows.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N154AG – Model 23 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Flight" title="Museum of Flight">Museum of Flight</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N73CE – Model 23 on display at the <a href="/wiki/Yanks_Air_Museum" title="Yanks Air Museum">Yanks Air Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chino,_California" title="Chino, California">Chino, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N824LJ – Model 23 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Air_Zoo" title="Air Zoo">Air Zoo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Portage,_Michigan" title="Portage, Michigan">Portage, Michigan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N88B – Model 23 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Pima_Air_and_Space_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pima Air and Space Museum">Pima Air and Space Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>N119BA – Model 23 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Valiant_Air_Command_Warbird_Museum" title="Valiant Air Command Warbird Museum">Valiant Air Command Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Titusville,_Florida" title="Titusville, Florida">Titusville, Florida</a>. This airframe was flown by <a href="/wiki/Buzz_Aldrin" title="Buzz Aldrin">Buzz Aldrin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netjets" class="mw-redirect" title="Netjets">Executive Jet Aviation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Specifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1965–66<sup id="cite_ref-Janes_65_p252-3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes_65_p252-3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> Two pilots</li> <li><b>Capacity:</b> 6 passengers</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 43&#160;ft 3&#160;in (13.18&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 35&#160;ft 7&#160;in (10.84&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 12&#160;ft 7&#160;in (3.84&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 231.2&#160;sq&#160;ft (21.48&#160;m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 6,150&#160;lb (2,790&#160;kg)</li> <li><b>Max takeoff weight:</b> 12,499&#160;lb (5,669&#160;kg)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 2 × <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_CJ610-4" class="mw-redirect" title="General Electric CJ610-4">General Electric CJ610-4</a> turbojet engines, 2,850&#160;lbf (12.7&#160;kN) thrust each</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 561&#160;mph (903&#160;km/h, 487&#160;kn) at 24,000&#160;ft (7,300&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Maximum speed:</b> Mach 0.82</li> <li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 518&#160;mph (834&#160;km/h, 450&#160;kn) at 40,000&#160;ft (12,000&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Stall speed:</b> 104&#160;mph (167&#160;km/h, 90&#160;kn) wheels and flaps down</li> <li><b>Range:</b> 1,830&#160;mi (2,950&#160;km, 1,590&#160;nmi) max fuel at 485&#160;mph (781&#160;km/h; 421&#160;kn) and 40,000&#160;ft (12,000&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 45,000&#160;ft (14,000&#160;m)</li> <li><b>Rate of climb:</b> 6,900&#160;ft/min (35&#160;m/s)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p> <b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Ashley_II" title="Miss Ashley II">Rogers P-51R</a>, a custom-built racing aircraft with the wings and horizontal stabilizer of a Learjet 23</li></ul> <p> <b>Related lists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft" title="List of aircraft">List of aircraft</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Flight12oct2018-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Flight12oct2018_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flight12oct2018_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMurdo_Morrison2018" class="citation news cs1">Murdo Morrison (12 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/nbaa-business-jet-designs-that-changed-the-industry-452471/">"NBAA: Business jet designs that changed the industry"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&amp;rft.atitle=NBAA%3A+Business+jet+designs+that+changed+the+industry&amp;rft.date=2018-10-12&amp;rft.au=Murdo+Morrison&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fnbaa-business-jet-designs-that-changed-the-industry-452471%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALearjet+23" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Lear Celebrates 30". <i><a href="/wiki/Flying_(magazine)" title="Flying (magazine)">Flying</a></i>. Vol.&#160;120, no.&#160;12. December 1993. p.&#160;38. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0015-4806">0015-4806</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Flying&amp;rft.atitle=Lear+Celebrates+30&amp;rft.volume=120&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.pages=38&amp;rft.date=1993-12&amp;rft.issn=0015-4806&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALearjet+23" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19640604-0">"ASN Aircraft Accident Learjet 23"</a>. <i>Flight Safety Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Flight+Safety+Foundation&amp;rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+Accident+Learjet+23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19640604-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALearjet+23" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/type/type.php?type=LJ-23">Aviation Safety Network: Learjet 23</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/lear-jet-23">"Lear Jet 23"</a>. <i>Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum</i>. 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London:Sampson Low, Marston &amp; Company, 1965. pp. 252–253.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Learjet_23&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Learjet_23" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Learjet 23">Learjet 23</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=264">A history of the Learjet 23-29 series on Airliners.net</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Aviation_Week_1963-09-16/page/n44">Lear Jet Prototype Nears October Flight Date – <i>Aviation Week &amp; Space Technology</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.museumofflight.org/repositories/2/resources/63">The William P. and Moya Olsen Lear Papers</a> at The Museum of Flight (Seattle, Wash.)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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