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.infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">XTAR-EUR</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hisdesat" title="Hisdesat">Hisdesat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2005-005A">2005-005A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2597611#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">28542<span style="float:right"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2597611?uselang=en#P377" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">Bus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SSL_1300" title="SSL 1300">SSL 1300</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>XTAR-EUR</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">communication satellite</a> developed by Spain and the United States and in order to provide a <a href="/wiki/Secure_channel" title="Secure channel">secure channel</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was originally operated by <a href="/wiki/XTAR" title="XTAR">XTAR</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hisdesat" title="Hisdesat">Hisdesat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In year 2020 <a href="/wiki/Hisdesat" title="Hisdesat">Hisdesat</a> bought 100% stake on the satellite. Its launch short after the <a href="/wiki/Spainsat" title="Spainsat">Spainsat</a> is part of an effort to strengthen Spain's communication ties with allied countries around the globe, particularly in maters of <a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">national security</a> (defense, disaster relief...).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Body">Body</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=XTAR-EUR&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Body"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The satellite is based on the <a href="/wiki/SSL_1300" title="SSL 1300">Space Systems/Loral LS-1300 model</a>. Consequently, it is shaped like a box (5.4 x 2.9 x 2.2 m) with a total weight of 1412 kg (3631 kg at launch). The sides of the box contain two retractable <a href="/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft" title="Solar panels on spacecraft">solar panels</a> (providing up to 3.6 kW of power) while the lower base (facing anti-radial direction) holds the communication module. This module operates on the <a href="/wiki/X_Band_Satellite_Communication" title="X Band Satellite Communication">X band</a> (compatible with <a href="/wiki/Satcom_(satellite)" title="Satcom (satellite)">SATCOM</a> systems employed by <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and consists of 12 X-band <a href="/wiki/Transponder" title="Transponder">transponders</a> of 72 MHz <a href="/wiki/Broadband" title="Broadband">broadband</a> each (reserving 4 for usage by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Spain)" title="Ministry of Defence (Spain)">Spanish Ministry of Defense</a> while offering the other 8 for potential partners) and a 2.4 diameter <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(radio)" title="Antenna (radio)">antenna</a>. The system allows both <a href="/wiki/Circular_polarization" title="Circular polarization">RHCP and LHCP polarization</a> while covering an area of 6,3095 m<sup>2</sup> <a href="/wiki/Cartesian_coordinate_system" title="Cartesian coordinate system">RCS</a> (2 global beams from Eastern <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, across all of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> to as far east as <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, 1 beam across the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> and 4 steerable beams with the possibility of overlapping).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additional systems provide 3-axis inflight stability.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Launch">Launch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=XTAR-EUR&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Launch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The satellite was officially launched the 12th of February 2005 at 21:03 <a href="/wiki/Universal_Time" title="Universal Time">UT</a> on board an <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane-5 ECA rocket</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Guyana Space Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its orbit is <a href="/wiki/Geostationary_orbit" title="Geostationary orbit">geostationary (GEO)</a> 29º <a href="/wiki/East" title="East">East</a>, around 35,800 km high (35,782.6 km of <a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">perigee</a> and 35,803.7 km of <a href="/wiki/Apogee" class="mw-redirect" title="Apogee">apogee</a>) with 0º of <a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">inclination</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">period</a> of 1,436.1 minutes and a <a href="/wiki/Semi-major_axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-major axis">semi-major axis</a> of 42,164 km.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During its operation life, the XTAR-EUR is being monitored from <a href="/wiki/Arganda_del_Rey" title="Arganda del Rey">Arganda del Rey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maspalomas_Station" title="Maspalomas Station">Maspalomas Station</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the operating companies are based on <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto,_California" title="Palo Alto, California">Palo Alto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is expected that the satellite will achieve an operational life exceeding 15 years until its planned decommission in 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=XTAR-EUR&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XTAR" title="XTAR">XTAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spainsat" title="Spainsat">Spainsat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=XTAR-EUR&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hispasat.com/en/satellite-fleet/governmental-satellites/xtar-eur">"Xtar-Eur"</a>. <i>www.hispasat.com</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Satbeams+Web+and+Mobile&rft.atitle=Satbeams+-+World+Of+Satellites+at+your+fingertips&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satbeams.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xtar.com/">"XTAR"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=XTAR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fxtar.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xtar.com/xtar-eur-2/">"XTAR EUR 29° E – XTAR"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=XTAR+EUR+29%C2%B0+E+%E2%80%93+XTAR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fxtar.com%2Fxtar-eur-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbs-satellite.com/tse/online/sat_xtar_eur.html">"TSE - XTAR-EUR"</a>. <i>www.tbs-satellite.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.tbs-satellite.com&rft.atitle=TSE+-+XTAR-EUR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbs-satellite.com%2Ftse%2Fonline%2Fsat_xtar_eur.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arianespace.com/mission-update/the-xtar-eur-payload-is-fueled-in-the-s5-satellite-preparation-facility/">"The XTAR-EUR payload is fueled in the S5 satellite preparation facility"</a>. <i>Arianespace</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arianespace&rft.atitle=The+XTAR-EUR+payload+is+fueled+in+the+S5+satellite+preparation+facility&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arianespace.com%2Fmission-update%2Fthe-xtar-eur-payload-is-fueled-in-the-s5-satellite-preparation-facility%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sat-nd.com/catsearch/?init=X&id=28542">"Sat-ND Catalogue Search"</a>. <i>www.sat-nd.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=N2YO.com+-+Real+Time+Satellite+Tracking+and+Predictions&rft.atitle=Technical+details+for+satellite+XTAR-EUR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.n2yo.com%2F%2Fsatellite%2F%3Fs%3D28542&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hisdesat.es/en/satelites_comunic-xtar/">"Xtar-Eur • Hisdesat"</a>. <i>www.hisdesat.es</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hisdesat.es&rft.atitle=Xtar-Eur+%E2%80%A2+Hisdesat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hisdesat.es%2Fen%2Fsatelites_comunic-xtar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXTAR-EUR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/xtar-eur.htm">"XTAR-EUR"</a>. <i>space.skyrocket.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_program_of_Spain" title="Template:Space program of Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_program_of_Spain" title="Template talk:Space program of Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Space_program_of_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Space program of Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Space_program_of_Spain131" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Space_program_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Space program of Spain">Space program of Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spainsat" title="Spainsat">Spainsat</a> / XTAR-LANT</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">XTAR-EUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spainsat_NG" title="Spainsat NG">Spainsat NG</a></li> <li>Amazonas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_1" title="Amazonas 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazonas 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_3" title="Amazonas 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_4A" title="Amazonas 4A">4A</a></li> <li>4B (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_5" title="Amazonas 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1A" title="Hispasat 1A">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1B" title="Hispasat 1B">1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1C" title="Hispasat 1C">1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1D" title="Hispasat 1D">1D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_AG1" title="Hispasat AG1">AG1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_30W-6" title="Hispasat 30W-6">1F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lume-1" title="Lume-1">Lume-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Earth observation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Deimos <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deimos-1" title="Deimos-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos-2" title="Deimos-2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paz_(satellite)" title="Paz (satellite)">Paz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenio_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingenio (satellite)">Ingenio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Science & technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intasat" title="Intasat">Intasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minisat_01" title="Minisat 01">Minisat 01</a></li> <li>Nanosat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanosat_01" title="Nanosat 01">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanosat-1B" title="Nanosat-1B">1B</a></li></ul></li> <li>UPM-Sat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UPM-Sat" title="UPM-Sat">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UPM-Sat" title="UPM-Sat">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xatcobeo" title="Xatcobeo">Xatcobeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPTOS" title="OPTOS">OPTOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rockets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suborbital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argo_(sounding_rocket)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argo (sounding rocket) (page does not exist)">Argo</a></li> <li>INTA <ul><li><a href="/wiki/INTA-100" title="INTA-100">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA-255" title="INTA-255">255</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA-300" title="INTA-300">300</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_1" title="Miura 1">Miura 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orbital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capricornio_(rocket)" title="Capricornio (rocket)">Capricornio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_2_Infinity#Bloostar" title="Zero 2 Infinity">Bloostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_Next" title="Miura Next">Miura Next</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangea_Aerospace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangea Aerospace (page does not exist)">Meso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tracking and launch sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Arenosillo" title="El Arenosillo">El Arenosillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gando_Air_Base" title="Gando Air Base">Gando Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro_Launch_Centre" title="El Hierro Launch Centre">El Hierro</a> (proposed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex">Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maspalomas_Station" title="Maspalomas Station">Maspalomas Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebreros_Station" title="Cebreros Station">Cebreros Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villafranca_Station" title="Villafranca Station">Villafranca Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teruel_Airport#PLD_Space_Propulsion_Test_Facilities" title="Teruel Airport">PLD Space Propulsion Test Facilities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agencia_Espacial_Espa%C3%B1ola" title="Agencia Espacial Española">Agencia Espacial Española</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_de_T%C3%A9cnica_Aeroespacial" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial">Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Astrobiology_Center" title="Spanish Astrobiology Center">Spanish Astrobiology Center‎</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial space industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PLD_Space" title="PLD Space">PLD Space</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangea_Aerospace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangea Aerospace (page does not exist)">Pangea Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_2_Infinity" title="Zero 2 Infinity">Zero 2 Infinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al%C3%A9n_Space" title="Alén Space">Alén Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisdesat" title="Hisdesat">Hisdesat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Astronauts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Duque" title="Pedro Duque">Pedro Duque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_%C3%81lvarez_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Pablo Álvarez Fernández">Pablo Álvarez Fernández</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_2004Orbital_launches_in_20052006_→618" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_2005" title="Template:Orbital launches in 2005"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_2005" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 2005"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_2005" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 2005"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_2004Orbital_launches_in_20052006_→618" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/2004_in_spaceflight" title="2004 in spaceflight">← 2004</a></div><a href="/wiki/2005_in_spaceflight" title="2005 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">2005</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/2006_in_spaceflight" title="2006 in spaceflight">2006 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Impact_(spacecraft)" title="Deep Impact (spacecraft)">Deep Impact</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2414&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2414 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2414</a>, <a href="/wiki/Universitetsky-Tatyana" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitetsky-Tatyana">Universitetsky-Tatyana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_One_C12" class="mw-redirect" title="Star One C12">AMC-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-181&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-181 (page does not exist)">USA-181</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">XTAR-EUR</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maqsat-B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maqsat-B2 (page does not exist)">Maqsat-B2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sloshsat-FLEVO" title="Sloshsat-FLEVO">Sloshsat-FLEVO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himawari_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Himawari 6">Himawari 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-52" title="Progress M-52">Progress M-52</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=TNS-0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TNS-0 (page does not exist)">TNS-0</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XM-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XM-3 (page does not exist)">XM-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat-4_F1" title="Inmarsat-4 F1">Inmarsat-4 F1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekspress_AM-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekspress AM-2 (page does not exist)">Ekspress AM-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USA-165" title="USA-165">USA-165</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apstar_6" title="Apstar 6">Apstar 6</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-6" title="Soyuz TMA-6">Soyuz TMA-6</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DART_(satellite)" title="DART (satellite)">DART</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaceway_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaceway 1">Spaceway 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-182&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-182 (page does not exist)">USA-182</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartosat-1" title="Cartosat-1">Cartosat-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/HAMSAT" title="HAMSAT">HAMSAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA-18" title="NOAA-18">NOAA-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV-8" class="mw-redirect" title="DirecTV-8">DirecTV-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foton-M_No.2" title="Foton-M No.2">Foton-M No.2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress-M_53&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress-M 53 (page does not exist)">Progress-M 53</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3K_No.12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3K No.12 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3K No.12</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmos_1" title="Cosmos 1">Cosmos 1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_28" title="Galaxy 28">Intelsat Americas 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress_AM-3" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspress AM-3">Ekspress AM-3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shijian_7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shijian 7 (page does not exist)">Shijian 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzaku_(satellite)" title="Suzaku (satellite)">Suzaku</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-114" title="STS-114">STS-114</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Multi-Purpose_Logistics_Module" title="Multi-Purpose Logistics Module">Raffaello MPLM</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fanhui_Shi_Weixing" title="Fanhui Shi Weixing">FSW-4 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaicom_4" title="Thaicom 4">Thaicom 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">MRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OICETS" title="OICETS">Kirari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reimei" title="Reimei">Reimei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monitor-E" title="Monitor-E">Monitor-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanhui_Shi_Weixing" title="Fanhui Shi Weixing">FSW-3 3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2415&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2415 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2415</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress-M_54&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress-M 54 (page does not exist)">Progress-M 54</a> (<a href="/wiki/SuitSat" title="SuitSat">RadioSkaf</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anik_F1R" class="mw-redirect" title="Anik F1R">Anik F1R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-183" title="USA-183">USA-183</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-185&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-185 (page does not exist)">USA-185</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-7" title="Soyuz TMA-7">Soyuz TMA-7</a></u></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CryoSat-1" title="CryoSat-1">CryoSat</a></i></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Shenzhou_6" title="Shenzhou 6">Shenzhou 6</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_3A" class="mw-redirect" title="Syracuse 3A">Syracuse 3A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_15" title="Galaxy 15">Galaxy 15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-186&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-186 (page does not exist)">USA-186</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing-1_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beijing-1 (satellite) (page does not exist)">Beijing-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/TopSat" title="TopSat">TopSat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sina-1" title="Sina-1">Sina-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Student_Space_Exploration_%26_Technology_Initiative" title="Student Space Exploration & Technology Initiative">SSETI Express</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=CubeSat_Xi-V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CubeSat Xi-V (page does not exist)">CubeSat Xi-V</a>, <a href="/wiki/UWE-1" title="UWE-1">UWE-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCUBE-2" class="mw-redirect" title="NCUBE-2">nCUBE-2</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozhaets-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozhaets-5 (page does not exist)">Mozhaets-5</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rubin-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rubin-5 (page does not exist)">Rubin-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat-4_F2" class="mw-redirect" title="Inmarsat-4 F2">Inmarsat-4 F2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Express" title="Venus Express">Venus Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaceway-2" title="Spaceway-2">Spaceway-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telkom-2" title="Telkom-2">Telkom-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress-M_55&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress-M 55 (page does not exist)">Progress-M 55</a> <a href="/wiki/Gonets" title="Gonets">Gonets-M</a> No.1, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2416&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2416 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2416</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteosat_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteosat 9">Meteosat 9</a>, <a href="/wiki/INSAT-4A" title="INSAT-4A">INSAT-4A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2417" title="Kosmos 2417">Kosmos 2417</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2418" title="Kosmos 2418">Kosmos 2418</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2419" title="Kosmos 2419">Kosmos 2419</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIOVE-A" class="mw-redirect" title="GIOVE-A">GIOVE-A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_172A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 172A (page does not exist)">AMC-23</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).<br /><u>Crewed flights</u> are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. 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