安徽农大汪松虎课题组阐明叶绿体逆向信号对植物抗盐应答的促进作用—论文

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float: right"> 选择字号：<span onclick="showsize(12)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">小</span> <span onclick="showsize(14)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">中</span> <span onclick="showsize(16)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer"> 大</span> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div id="content1" style="width: 94%; font: 14px 宋体; text-align: left; line-height: 24px; word-wrap: break-word"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td height="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" class="style1" style="font-size: 22px; color: #587c19; font-family: 黑体; line-height: 30px"> 安徽农大汪松虎课题组阐明叶绿体逆向信号对植物抗盐应答的促进作用</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px;"> <b></b></td> </tr> </table> <p align="center">  </p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 北京时间2021年7月13日，Cell Reports在线发表了安徽农业大学关于盐胁迫条件下植物叶绿体活性氧自由基（ROS）稳态维持的机制研究，阐明了叶绿体的逆向信号对植物抗盐应答的促进作用。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 安徽农业大学园艺学汪松虎教授为该文的通讯作者，<font class="frd">中<font class="frd">科院</font></font>成都生物研究所已毕业博士庄勇为第一作者。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2021/7/202171416055391.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center; height: 273px; width: 550px;" /></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 盐胁迫会对植物细胞造成离子毒性、渗透胁迫和氧化胁迫等伤害。叶绿体的光合作用对盐胁迫非常敏感，会产生大量的活性氧(ROS)，是植物ROS的主要来源。叶绿体如何在盐胁迫条件下维持ROS平衡，以及过氧化氢（H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>）介导的叶绿体逆向信号是否参与盐胁迫应答，目前还不太清楚。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 汪松虎课题组分离到一个盐胁迫和叶绿体氧化胁迫诱导的新基因<em>EGY3</em>，该基因编码一个定位叶绿体的蛋白。该基因的缺失突变体<em>egy3-1</em>表现出对盐胁迫和MV诱导的叶绿体氧化胁迫的超敏感性，而该基因的过表达植株显著提高植物的对盐胁迫和叶绿体氧化胁迫的抗性。盐胁迫条件下，突变体的叶绿体中积累了大量的超氧超氧阴离子O<sup>2•-</sup>而H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>积累不足，过表达植株的叶绿体则表现出相反的ROS稳态（O2•-较少而H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>较多）。进一步研究发现<em>EGY3</em>可以与定位于叶绿体光合系统I的类囊体膜的铜锌超氧化物歧化酶Cu/Zn-SOD2（CSD2）发生直接的相互作用，同时增加CSD2在盐胁迫条件下的稳定性。CSD2的稳定性增加，可以将叶绿体光合系统I产生的O<sup>2•-</sup>歧化成更多H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>，H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>作为叶绿体逆向信号的信号分子之一，显著增加了核编码的胁迫应答基因的表达，从而提高了植物的抗盐性（如下图）。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2021/7/202171416054530.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center; height: 356px; width: 550px;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-family:黑体;"><em>EGY3</em>通过调控叶绿体ROS稳态和逆向信号来调控盐胁迫应答的示意图。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 有趣的是，通过外源添加低浓度的H<em>2</em>O<em>2</em>（或APX酶的抑制剂）可以互补<em>egy3-1</em>的盐胁迫超敏感的表型，这表明<em>egy3-1</em>的盐胁迫超敏感性是由于叶绿体产生的H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>不足造成的。H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>可以在胞外区（extracellular region）、叶绿体、线粒体和过氧化物酶体等细胞器中产生，该研究也进一步证明叶绿体来源的ROS对植物的抗逆应答同样非常重要，可以通过提高叶绿体中H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>的含量来提供植物对盐胁迫的抗性。（来源：科学网）</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 相关论文信息：<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109384" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109384</a></p> <div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #bfc89d; vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%; height: 20px"> </div> <div style="width: 100%; height: 20px; text-align: center; margin:10px">  <script src="/html/js/share.js" type="text/javascript"></script>  </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <div style="line-height: 10px; 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安徽农大汪松虎课题组阐明叶绿体逆向信号对植物抗盐应答的促进作用—论文—科学网