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vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-定義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#定義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>定義</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-定義-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关定義子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-定義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-臺灣" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#臺灣"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>臺灣</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-臺灣-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>日本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-香港" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#香港"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>香港</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-香港-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中國大陸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中國大陸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>中國大陸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中國大陸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">私人公司</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。39种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privaat_maatskappy" title="Privaat maatskappy – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Privaat maatskappy" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A9" title="شركة خاصة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شركة خاصة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A4%D8%B2%D9%84_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA" title="اؤزل شیرکت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اؤزل شیرکت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="বেসরকারিভাবে প্রতিষ্ঠিত কোম্পানি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেসরকারিভাবে প্রতিষ্ঠিত কোম্পানি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_privada" title="Empresa privada – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Empresa privada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA" title="کۆمپانیای تایبەت – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمپانیای تایبەت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Privately held company" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privata_firmao" title="Privata firmao – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Privata firmao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_privada" title="Empresa privada – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Empresa privada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eraettev%C3%B5te" title="Eraettevõte – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eraettevõte" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enpresa_pribatu" title="Enpresa pribatu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Enpresa pribatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5" title="شرکت سهامی خاص – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شرکت سهامی خاص" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listaamaton_yhti%C3%B6" title="Listaamaton yhtiö – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Listaamaton yhtiö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_priv%C3%A9e" title="Société privée – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Société privée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="חברה פרטית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חברה פרטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="निजी कंपनी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निजी कंपनी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perusahaan_swasta" title="Perusahaan swasta – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perusahaan swasta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azienda_privata" title="Azienda privata – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Azienda privata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%AC%E9%96%8B%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE" title="非公開会社 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="非公開会社" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="კერძო კომპანია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კერძო კომპანია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Жеке компания – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жеке компания" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF" title="ಖಾಸಗಿ ಕಂಪನಿ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖಾಸಗಿ ಕಂಪನಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%9C_%ED%9A%8C%EC%82%AC" title="비공개 회사 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비공개 회사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="സ്വകാര്യ ഉടമസ്ഥതയിലുള്ള കമ്പനി – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്വകാര്യ ഉടമസ്ഥതയിലുള്ള കമ്പനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="खाजगी मालकीची कंपनी – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खाजगी मालकीची कंपनी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syarikat_swasta" title="Syarikat swasta – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Syarikat swasta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਕੰਪਨੀ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਕੰਪਨੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_privada" title="Empresa privada – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Empresa privada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companie_privat%C4%83" title="Companie privată – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Companie privată" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Частная компания – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Частная компания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_company" title="Private company – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Private company" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%9B%D0%B5" title="Приватно предузеће – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Приватно предузеће" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தனியார் நிறுவனம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தனியார் நிறுவனம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Ширкати хусусӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ширкати хусусӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96zel_%C5%9Firket" title="Özel şirket – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Özel şirket" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Приватне підприємство – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Приватне підприємство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_ty_t%C6%B0_nh%C3%A2n" title="Công ty tư nhân – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Công ty tư nhân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkampani_esisulu" title="Inkampani esisulu – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inkampani esisulu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1589009#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Privately_held_companies" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1589009" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>没有列出任何<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">参考或来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2022年1月26日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>維基百科所有的內容都應該<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">可供查證</a>。请协助補充<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" 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href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E5%90%88%E4%BC%99%E4%BA%BA" title="普通合伙人">普通</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%90%88%E4%BC%99" title="有限合伙">有限</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E8%B4%A3%E4%BB%BB%E5%90%88%E4%BC%99" title="有限责任合伙">有限责任</a>）<br /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="股份有限公司">股份有限公司</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%A4%BE" title="合作社">合作社</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; background:#99CC99; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> 中華人民共和國特有公司型態</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BD%93%E5%B7%A5%E5%95%86%E6%88%B7" title="个体工商户">个体工商户</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E8%B3%87%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" title="獨資企業">個人獨資企業</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="有限公司">有限責任公司</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; background:#99CC99; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> 香港和英国特有公司型態</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="有限公司">有限公司</a>（<a class="mw-selflink selflink">私人</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%9C%BE%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="公眾有限公司">公眾</a>）<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%93%94%E4%BF%9D%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="擔保有限公司（页面不存在）">擔保有限公司</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%85%AC%E7%9B%8A%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會公益公司（页面不存在）">社會公益公司</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; background:#99CC99; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> 中華民國特有公司型態</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="無限公司">無限公司</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="有限公司">有限公司</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%90%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="兩合公司">兩合公司</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; background:#99CC99; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> 其他公司型態</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%8E%E5%B7%9E%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" title="特拉华州普通公司法">特拉华公司</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; background:#99CC99; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> 公司法學說</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86" title="公司治理">公司治理</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="有限公司">有限責任</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A%E6%AC%8A%E9%99%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超越權限（页面不存在）">超越權限</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E7%87%9F%E5%88%A4%E6%96%B7%E6%B3%95%E5%89%87" title="經營判斷法則">經營判斷法則</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%AD%E9%96%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E9%9D%A2%E7%B4%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="揭開公司面紗（页面不存在）">揭開公司面紗</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; background:#99CC99; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> 相關領域</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.6em;"> <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="契約">契約</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%BA%8B%E8%A8%B4%E8%A8%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="民事訴訟">民事訴訟</a></b></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6;padding-top:0.4em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" title="Template:公司法"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" title="Template talk:公司法"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:公司法"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>私人公司</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Private company、Closed company</span>）指<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="股東">股東</a>人數不超過50人，限制股份轉讓，不得公開發行股票的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有限責任" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Limited liability"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E8%B2%AC%E4%BB%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有限責任（页面不存在）">有限責任</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_liability" class="extiw" title="en:Limited liability"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Limited liability</span></a></span>）</span></span>公司<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>各地有不同的用語和法規（另見<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Private limited company" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Private limited company"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Private_limited_company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Private limited company（页面不存在）">Private limited company</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_limited_company" class="extiw" title="en:Private limited company"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Private limited company</span></a></span>）</span></span>）： </p> <ul><li>臺灣稱<b>閉鎖性公司</b>（閉鎖性股份有限公司），法源為《公司法》，其用語源自日本的<span lang="ja">閉鎖会社</span>，美國的closely/privately held corporation。另一種型態為<b>有限公司</b>，法源為《公司法》，源自英語的limited company<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>香港稱<b>私人公司</b>（私人股份有限公司），法源為《公司條例》，其用語源自英國的private company limited by shares。</li> <li>中國大陸稱<b>有限責任公司</b>，法源為《中華人民共和國公司法》，其用語源自英語的limited liability company。</li></ul> <p>封閉型公司又稱為<b>少數人公司</b>、<b>股份不公開公司</b>（close corporation），也算是<b>非上市公司</b>，它既非通常所說的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%87%9F%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" title="民營企業">私營公司</a>，也非所謂的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E8%B3%87%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" title="獨資企業">獨資公司</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。相對於<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%8C" title="公开发行">公開發行</a>公司，兩者最大的區別是它們如何處理財務訊息，公開披露與否；在目的上封閉型公司盡量減少稅賦支出，而上市公司則增加股東的利潤。經常誤解的是封閉型公司規模較小，組織架構比較簡單，事實上，有很多大牌公司也是封閉型公司，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%A9%E5%85%B7%E5%8F%8D%E6%96%97%E5%9F%8E" title="玩具反斗城">玩具反斗城</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E6%B0%8F%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" title="瑪氏食品">瑪氏食品</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E5%90%89%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="嘉吉公司">嘉吉公司</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%B0%8F%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="科氏工業">科氏工業</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%8D%9A%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="彭博社">彭博社</a>等。 </p><p>封閉型公司的體制通常為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="有限公司">有限責任公司</a>，股東關係封閉，其所有權與經營權不分離。於此相對的是，股份能自由流通，所有權與經營權分離的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="股份公司">股份公司</a>。 </p><p>封閉型公司的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="股東">股東</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="董事會">董事會</a>成員，都是<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BA%BA" title="自然人">自然人</a>或其他私人<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA" title="法人">法人</a>。封閉型公司的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E6%9E%B6%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="組織架構（页面不存在）">組織架構</a>比較簡單，如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B0%8F%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="中小企業">中小企業</a>，不過也有些封閉型公司是大集團的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="子公司">子公司</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="母公司">母公司</a>，它們的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86" title="公司治理">公司治理</a>及透明度，不必向外公報，除非是指定業務的封閉型公司，如私營<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="銀行">銀行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%81%E5%88%B8%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="证券公司">證券公司</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%88%E5%96%84%E5%9C%98%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="慈善團體">慈善團體</a>等。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%82%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="上市公司">上市公司</a>私有化或封閉化（Go Private）是指<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E8%82%A1%E6%AC%8A" title="控制股權">控權</a>股東向其他小股東全數買入他們持有股份，申請撤銷上市地位，<b>非上市公司</b>是股票沒有上市和沒有在證券交易所交易的股份有限公司。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="定義"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E7.BE.A9"></span>定義</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：定義"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="臺灣"><span id=".E8.87.BA.E7.81.A3"></span>臺灣</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：臺灣"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" title="公司法">公司法</a>第 356-1 條，閉鎖性股份有限公司，指股東人數不超過五十人，並於章程定有股份轉讓限制之非公開發行股票公司。前項股東人數，中央主管機關得視社會經濟情況及實際需要增加之；其計算方式及認定範圍，由中央主管機關定之。 </p><p>第356-4 條，公司不得公開發行或募集有價證券。但經由證券主管機關許可之證券商經營股權群眾募資平臺募資者，不在此限。 </p><p>另外臺灣還有<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="有限公司">有限公司</a>。有限公司按今法只要一位股東就可成立（民35年：股東二人以上十人以下；民55年：股東二人以上二十人以下；民69年：股東五人以上二十一人以下；民90年至今：股東一人以上），不得發行股票，其公司資本總額，應由各股東全部繳足，不得分期繳款或向外招募。出資額轉讓必須要經過其他半數以上股東的同意，否則不能把股權轉讓給其他人。有限公司的董事也一定要是股東，如果董事沒有經過其他3分之2以上的股東同意，不得轉讓出資給其他人。 </p><p>有限公司雖按今法無人數上限，但在臺灣會採用有限公司的企業通常規模都不會太大，其股東人數、員工人數及資本額一般而言都比股份有限公司要來得少，大多屬於家族性中小企業。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="日本"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>日本</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：日本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>日本的公司法規為<span lang="ja">会社法</span>，封閉型公司在<span lang="ja">会社法</span>裡，有「<span lang="ja">合同会社</span>」（有限責任公司），和「<span lang="ja">公開会社でない株式会社</span>」，後者一般稱作「<span lang="ja">非公開会社</span>」或「<span lang="ja">閉鎖会社</span>」（閉鎖性股份有限公司）。兩者在股東/成員的數量、契約、稅收方面幾乎相似，最大的區別在於，<span lang="ja">非公開会社</span>是<span lang="ja">株式会社</span>（股份公司），必須設立股東大會和至少一名董事，而<span lang="ja">合同会社</span>可以沒有這些<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。另外<span lang="ja">合同会社</span>的股份轉讓、新成員加入，要既有全體成員同意，<span lang="ja">非公開会社</span>對股份轉讓、新股東加入要比<span lang="ja">合同会社</span>來得寬鬆，其限制由公司章程規定。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="香港"><span id=".E9.A6.99.E6.B8.AF"></span>香港</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：香港"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%B3%95%E4%BE%8B" title="香港法例">香港法例</a>第32章《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="公司條例">公司條例</a>》第29條，私人公司係指一間藉其章程細則作出下列規限的公司： </p> <ul><li>限制將其股份轉讓的權利。</li> <li>限定其成員人數不超過50人，但不包括受僱於該公司的人，亦不包括先前受僱於該公司而在受僱期間及在終止受僱之後一直作為該公司成員的人。</li> <li>禁止邀請公眾人士認購該公司的任何股份或債權證。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中國大陸"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9C.8B.E5.A4.A7.E9.99.B8"></span>中國大陸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：中國大陸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《中华人民共和国私营企业暂行条例》（1988-2018，已廢止）： <dl><dd>第九条有限責任公司是指投资者以其出资额对公司负责，公司以其全部资产对公司债务承担责任的企业。投资者为二人以上三十人以下；不得向社会发行股票。有限責任公司投资者超过三十人的，应当向工商行政管理机关作专项申报，经同意后始得办理登记。</dd></dl></li> <li>《中华人民共和国公司法》（1993）： <dl><dd>第二十四条　有限責任公司由五十个以下股东出资设立。</dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%82%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="上市公司">上市公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E6%9C%89%E5%8C%96" title="私有化">私有化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E8%B2%AC%E4%BB%BB%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="有限責任公司">有限責任公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E8%B4%A3%E4%BB%BB%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8_(%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6)" title="有限责任公司 (德语国家)">有限責任公司 (德語國家)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lawyer.get.com.tw/dic/DictionaryDetail.aspx?iDT=71003">封閉型公司,private company,元照英美法詞典</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.btitle=%E5%B0%81%E9%96%89%E5%9E%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%2Cprivate+company%2C%E5%85%83%E7%85%A7%E8%8B%B1%E7%BE%8E%E6%B3%95%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flawyer.get.com.tw%2Fdic%2FDictionaryDetail.aspx%3FiDT%3D71003&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lawyer.get.com.tw/dic/DictionaryDetail.aspx?iDT=62221">有限責任公司,limited company,元照英美法詞典</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.btitle=%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E8%B2%AC%E4%BB%BB%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%2Climited+company%2C%E5%85%83%E7%85%A7%E8%8B%B1%E7%BE%8E%E6%B3%95%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flawyer.get.com.tw%2Fdic%2FDictionaryDetail.aspx%3FiDT%3D62221&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bycpa.com/b5/html/news/200810/105.html">香港私人有限公司註冊指引之一：私人公司之定義</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-09-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200810170223/http://www.bycpa.com/b5/html/news/200810/105.html">存档</a>于2020-08-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E8%A8%BB%E5%86%8A%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%80+%EF%BC%9A+%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bycpa.com%2Fb5%2Fhtml%2Fnews%2F200810%2F105.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ringmemo.web.fc2.com/kaisya-erabi.html">合同会社（LLC）有限責任事業組合（LLP）</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.btitle=%E5%90%88%E5%90%8C%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE%EF%BC%88LLC%EF%BC%89+%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E8%B2%AC%E4%BB%BB%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E7%B5%84%E5%90%88+%EF%BC%88LLP%EF%BC%89&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fringmemo.web.fc2.com%2Fkaisya-erabi.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=私人公司&oldid=84399318">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=私人公司&oldid=84399318</a>”</div></div> <div 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