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cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad4.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/revelation/11-3.htm" title="Revelation 11:3">◄</a> Revelation 11:4 <a href="/revelation/11-5.htm" title="Revelation 11:5">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/revelation/11.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/revelation/11.htm">New International Version</a> They are &#8220the two olive trees&#8221 and the two lampstands, and &#8220they stand before the Lord of the earth.&#8221 <a href="/nlt/revelation/11.htm">New Living Translation</a> These two prophets are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of all the earth. <a href="/esv/revelation/11.htm">English Standard Version</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/bsb/revelation/11.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/blb/revelation/11.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/kjv/revelation/11.htm">King James Bible</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the God of the earth. <a href="/nkjv/revelation/11.htm">New King James Version</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands standing before the God of the earth. <a href="/nasb_/revelation/11.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/nasb/revelation/11.htm">NASB 1995</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/nasb77/revelation/11.htm">NASB 1977 </a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/lsb/revelation/11.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/amp/revelation/11.htm">Amplified Bible</a> These [witnesses] are the two olive trees and the two lampstands which stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/csb/revelation/11.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/hcsb/revelation/11.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/asv/revelation/11.htm">American Standard Version</a> These are the two olive trees and the two candlesticks, standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/cev/revelation/11.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> These two witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand in the presence of the Lord who rules the earth. <a href="/erv/revelation/11.htm">English Revised Version</a> These are the two olive trees and the two candlesticks, standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/gwt/revelation/11.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lamp stands standing in the presence of the Lord of the earth. <a href="/gnt/revelation/11.htm">Good News Translation</a> The two witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lamps that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/isv/revelation/11.htm">International Standard Version</a> These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lamp stands standing in the presence of the Lord of the earth. <a href="/msb/revelation/11.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/net/revelation/11.htm">NET Bible</a> (These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth.) <a href="/nheb/revelation/11.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands, standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/wbt/revelation/11.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> These are the two olive-trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the God of the earth. <a href="/wey/revelation/11.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> "These witnesses are the two olive-trees, and they are the two lamps which stand in the presence of the Lord of the earth. <a href="/web/revelation/11.htm">World English Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lamp stands, standing before the Lord of the earth. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/revelation/11.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> these are the two olive [trees], and the two lampstands that stand before the God of the earth; <a href="/blb/revelation/11.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/ylt/revelation/11.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> these are the two olive trees, and the two lamp-stands that before the God of the earth do stand; <a href="/slt/revelation/11.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two chandeliers which having stood before the God of the earth.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/revelation/11.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks, that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/cpdv/revelation/11.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands, standing in the sight of the lord of the earth. <a href="/nabre/revelation/11.htm">New American Bible</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/nrsvce/revelation/11.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/revelation/11.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks, standing before the LORD of the earth. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/revelation/11.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> “These are the two olive trees and the two menorahs, which stand before the Lord of the whole Earth.”<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/revelation/11.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two lamps that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/godbey/revelation/11.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> These are the two olive-trees, and the two candlesticks which are standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/haweis/revelation/11.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two lamps which stand before the face of the God of the earth. <a href="/mace/revelation/11.htm">Mace New Testament</a> these are the two olive-trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/wey/revelation/11.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> "These witnesses are the two olive-trees, and they are the two lamps which stand in the presence of the Lord of the earth. <a href="/worrell/revelation/11.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks, that stand before the Lord of the earth. <a href="/worsley/revelation/11.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> These are the two olive-trees, and two candlesticks that stand before the God of the earth. <a href="/parallel/revelation/11-4.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LJfD7KQcx0I?start=2143" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/revelation/11.htm">The Two Witnesses</a> …3And I will empower my two witnesses, and they will prophesy for 1,260 days, clothed in sackcloth.” 4<a href="/greek/3778.htm" title="3778: Houtoi (DPro-NMP) -- This; he, she, it. ">These witnesses</a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: eisin (V-PIA-3P) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.">are</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hai (Art-NFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/1417.htm" title="1417: dyo (Adj-NFP) -- Two. A primary numeral; two.">two</a> <a href="/greek/1636.htm" title="1636: elaiai (N-NFP) -- An olive tree; the Mount of Olives. Feminine of a presumed derivative from an obsolete primary; an olive.">olive trees</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hai (Art-NFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/1417.htm" title="1417: dyo (Adj-NFP) -- Two. A primary numeral; two.">two</a> <a href="/greek/3087.htm" title="3087: lychniai (N-NFP) -- A lamp-stand. From luchnos; a lamp-stand.">lampstands</a> <a href="/greek/2476.htm" title="2476: hestōtes (V-RPA-NMP) -- A prolonged form of a primary stao stah'-o; to stand, used in various applications.">that stand</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hai (Art-NFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/1799.htm" title="1799: enōpion (Prep) -- Neuter of a compound of en and a derivative of optanomai; in the face of.">before</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tou (Art-GMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/2962.htm" title="2962: Kyriou (N-GMS) -- Lord, master, sir; the Lord. From kuros; supreme in authority, i.e. controller; by implication, Master.">Lord</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tēs (Art-GFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">of the</a> <a href="/greek/1093.htm" title="1093: gēs (N-GFS) -- Contracted from a primary word; soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe.">earth.</a> 5If anyone wants to harm them, fire proceeds from their mouths and devours their enemies. In this way, anyone who wants to harm them must be killed.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/zechariah/4-2.htm">Zechariah 4:2-3</a> “What do you see?” he asked. “I see a solid gold lampstand,” I replied, “with a bowl at the top and seven lamps on it, with seven spouts to the lamps. / There are also two olive trees beside it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on its left.” <a href="/zechariah/4-11.htm">Zechariah 4:11-14</a> Then I asked the angel, “What are the two olive trees on the right and left of the lampstand?” / And I questioned him further, “What are the two olive branches beside the two gold pipes from which the golden oil pours?” / “Do you not know what these are?” he inquired. “No, my lord,” I replied. ... <a href="/revelation/1-20.htm">Revelation 1:20</a> This is the mystery of the seven stars you saw in My right hand and of the seven golden lampstands: The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands are the seven churches. <a href="/revelation/2-1.htm">Revelation 2:1</a> “To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: These are the words of Him who holds the seven stars in His right hand and walks among the seven golden lampstands. <a href="/matthew/5-14.htm">Matthew 5:14-16</a> You are the light of the world. A city on a hill cannot be hidden. / Neither do people light a lamp and put it under a basket. Instead, they set it on a stand, and it gives light to everyone in the house. / In the same way, let your light shine before men, that they may see your good deeds and glorify your Father in heaven. <a href="/john/8-12.htm">John 8:12</a> Once again, Jesus spoke to the people and said, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows Me will never walk in the darkness, but will have the light of life.” <a href="/john/15-5.htm">John 15:5</a> I am the vine and you are the branches. The one who remains in Me, and I in him, will bear much fruit. For apart from Me you can do nothing. <a href="/romans/11-17.htm">Romans 11:17-24</a> Now if some branches have been broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others to share in the nourishment of the olive root, / do not boast over those branches. If you do, remember this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you. / You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” ... <a href="/romans/8-16.htm">Romans 8:16-17</a> The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are God’s children. / And if we are children, then we are heirs: heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ—if indeed we suffer with Him, so that we may also be glorified with Him. <a href="/1_corinthians/3-16.htm">1 Corinthians 3:16</a> Do you not know that you yourselves are God’s temple, and that God’s Spirit dwells in you? <a href="/1_corinthians/6-19.htm">1 Corinthians 6:19</a> Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own; <a href="/2_corinthians/6-16.htm">2 Corinthians 6:16</a> What agreement can exist between the temple of God and idols? For we are the temple of the living God. As God has said: “I will dwell with them and walk among them, and I will be their God, and they will be My people.” <a href="/ephesians/2-20.htm">Ephesians 2:20-22</a> built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus Himself as the cornerstone. / In Him the whole building is fitted together and grows into a holy temple in the Lord. / And in Him you too are being built together into a dwelling place for God in His Spirit. <a href="/philippians/2-15.htm">Philippians 2:15</a> so that you may be blameless and pure, children of God without fault in a crooked and perverse generation, in which you shine as lights in the world <a href="/1_peter/2-9.htm">1 Peter 2:9</a> But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the God of the earth.two olive.<a href="/psalms/52-8.htm">Psalm 52:8</a> But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God: I trust in the mercy of God for ever and ever.<a href="/jeremiah/11-16.htm">Jeremiah 11:16</a> The LORD called thy name, A green olive tree, fair, and of goodly fruit: with the noise of a great tumult he hath kindled fire upon it, and the branches of it are broken.<a href="/zechariah/4-2.htm">Zechariah 4:2,3,11-14</a> And said unto me, What seest thou? And I said, I have looked, and behold a candlestick all of gold, with a bowl upon the top of it, and his seven lamps thereon, and seven pipes to the seven lamps, which are upon the top thereof: … two candlesticks.<a href="/revelation/1-20.htm">Revelation 1:20</a> The mystery of the seven stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the seven golden candlesticks. The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches: and the seven candlesticks which thou sawest are the seven churches.<a href="/matthew/5-14.htm">Matthew 5:14-16</a> Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid… <a href="/luke/11-33.htm">Luke 11:33</a> No man, when he hath lighted a candle, putteth it in a secret place, neither under a bushel, but on a candlestick, that they which come in may see the light.standing.<a href="/deuteronomy/10-8.htm">Deuteronomy 10:8</a> At that time the LORD separated the tribe of Levi, to bear the ark of the covenant of the LORD, to stand before the LORD to minister unto him, and to bless in his name, unto this day.<a href="/1_kings/17-1.htm">1 Kings 17:1</a> And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the inhabitants of Gilead, said unto Ahab, As the LORD God of Israel liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.the God.<a href="/exodus/8-22.htm">Exodus 8:22</a> And I will sever in that day the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there; to the end thou mayest know that I am the LORD in the midst of the earth.<a href="/isaiah/54-5.htm">Isaiah 54:5</a> For thy Maker is thine husband; the LORD of hosts is his name; and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel; The God of the whole earth shall he be called.<a href="/micah/4-13.htm">Micah 4:13</a> Arise and thresh, O daughter of Zion: for I will make thine horn iron, and I will make thy hoofs brass: and thou shalt beat in pieces many people: and I will consecrate their gain unto the LORD, and their substance unto the Lord of the whole earth.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/revelation/2-1.htm">Candlesticks</a> <a href="/revelation/10-8.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/revelation/2-1.htm">Lampstands</a> <a href="/revelation/1-12.htm">Lamp-Stands</a> <a href="/james/3-12.htm">Olive</a> <a href="/zechariah/4-11.htm">Olive-Trees</a> <a href="/revelation/9-13.htm">Presence</a> <a href="/revelation/10-5.htm">Stand</a> <a href="/revelation/10-8.htm">Standing</a> <a href="/revelation/8-7.htm">Trees</a> <a href="/revelation/11-3.htm">Witnesses</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/25-34.htm">Candlesticks</a> <a href="/revelation/11-6.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/1_kings/7-49.htm">Lampstands</a> <a href="/revelation/1-12.htm">Lamp-Stands</a> <a href="/revelation/18-13.htm">Olive</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/6-11.htm">Olive-Trees</a> <a href="/revelation/11-16.htm">Presence</a> <a href="/revelation/15-2.htm">Stand</a> <a href="/revelation/12-4.htm">Standing</a> <a href="/genesis/1-11.htm">Trees</a> <a href="/revelation/17-6.htm">Witnesses</a><div class="vheading2">Revelation 11</div>1. <a href="/revelation/11-1.htm">The two witnesses prophesy.</a> 6. <a href="/revelation/11-6.htm">They have power to shut heaven so that it rain not.</a> 7. <a href="/revelation/11-7.htm">The beast shall fight against them, and kill them.</a> 8. <a href="/revelation/11-8.htm">They lie unburied;</a> 11. <a href="/revelation/11-11.htm">and after three and a half days rise again.</a> 14. <a href="/revelation/11-14.htm">The second woe is past.</a> 15. <a href="/revelation/11-15.htm">The seventh trumpet sounds.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/revelation/11.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/revelation/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/revelation/11.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>These witnesses The term "witnesses" refers to individuals who testify or bear witness to the truth. In the context of Revelation, these witnesses are seen as prophetic figures who proclaim God's message during a time of great tribulation. The concept of witnesses is deeply rooted in biblical tradition, where two or more witnesses are required to establish a matter (<a href="/deuteronomy/19-15.htm">Deuteronomy 19:15</a>). This emphasizes the reliability and truthfulness of their testimony.are the two olive trees The imagery of olive trees is drawn from <a href="/zechariah/4.htm">Zechariah 4</a>, where two olive trees supply oil to a lampstand, symbolizing God's provision and the anointing of His Spirit. Olive trees are a symbol of peace, prosperity, and the presence of the Holy Spirit. In the context of Revelation, the two olive trees represent the anointed ones who are empowered by God to fulfill their prophetic mission.and the two lampstands Lampstands are symbolic of the church and its role as the light of the world (<a href="/matthew/5-14.htm">Matthew 5:14-16</a>). In Revelation, lampstands are used to represent the churches (<a href="/revelation/1-20.htm">Revelation 1:20</a>). The two lampstands here signify the presence of God's light and truth being proclaimed through these witnesses. They are tasked with shining God's light in a world overshadowed by darkness.that stand before the Lord of the earth Standing before the Lord indicates a position of service and authority. The phrase suggests that these witnesses have a divine commission and are under God's direct authority. The "Lord of the earth" emphasizes God's sovereignty over all creation, reinforcing the idea that these witnesses operate under His command and protection. This phrase also connects to the broader biblical theme of God's ultimate authority and judgment over the earth.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/two_witnesses.htm">Two Witnesses</a> These figures are central to the prophecy in <a href="/bsb/revelation/11.htm">Revelation 11</a>. They are described metaphorically as "the two olive trees and the two lampstands," indicating their role as God's anointed messengers and bearers of light in a dark world. 2. <a href="/topical/o/olive_trees.htm">Olive Trees</a> In biblical symbolism, olive trees often represent peace, prosperity, and the anointing of the Holy Spirit. They are a source of oil, which was used for anointing in the Old Testament. 3. <a href="/topical/l/lampstands.htm">Lampstands</a> These are symbolic of the church or God's presence. In the context of Revelation, lampstands represent the light of God's truth shining in the world. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord_of_the_earth.htm">The Lord of the Earth</a> This title refers to God, emphasizing His sovereignty and authority over all creation. 5. <a href="/topical/p/prophetic_ministry.htm">Prophetic Ministry</a> The event of the two witnesses' ministry is a significant prophetic event, symbolizing God's continued witness and testimony to the world even in times of great tribulation.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_witnesses.htm">The Role of Witnesses</a> Believers are called to be witnesses of God's truth, much like the two witnesses in Revelation. This involves living out and proclaiming the gospel in a world that often opposes it. <a href="/topical/e/empowerment_by_the_holy_spirit.htm">Empowerment by the Holy Spirit</a> Just as the olive trees symbolize the anointing of the Spirit, Christians are empowered by the Holy Spirit to fulfill their mission. We must rely on His strength rather than our own. <a href="/topical/s/standing_firm_in_tribulation.htm">Standing Firm in Tribulation</a> The two witnesses stand before the Lord of the earth, indicating their steadfastness. Believers are encouraged to stand firm in their faith, even amidst trials and opposition. <a href="/topical/t/the_sovereignty_of_god.htm">The Sovereignty of God</a> The title "Lord of the earth" reminds us of God's ultimate authority. In times of uncertainty, we can trust in His sovereign plan and purpose.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_revelation_11.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Revelation 11</a> <a href="/q/who_are_revelation's_two_witnesses.htm">Who are the two witnesses in Revelation?</a> <a href="/q/why_isn't_zech._4_imagery_in_apostolic_texts.htm">Why doesn’t apostolic literature more explicitly reference Zechariah 4’s imagery, if it was crucial for understanding God’s plan, as some claim?</a> <a href="/q/what's_the_olive_tree's_biblical_meaning.htm">What is the biblical significance of the olive tree?</a> <a href="/q/how_do_the_witnesses_defy_nature.htm">In Revelation 11:3-6, how do the two witnesses perform miracles that seemingly defy natural laws?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/revelation/11.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(4) These are . . .--Translate, These are the two olive trees and the two candlesticks which stand before the Lord of the earth. This is the verse which refers us to the vision of Zechariah for the basis of our present vision. There, as here, we have the two olive trees, which are explained to be "the two anointed ones which stand before the Lord of the whole earth." The explanation is supposed to refer to Zerubbabel and Joshua. or, as others think, to Zechariah and Haggai. At that time these men were the witnesses for God in their land and among their people. But the answer of the angel is general: "the olive trees are the two anointed ones which stand," &c. For the vision is general and age-long; it reminds us of the returned Jewish exiles, and of those who were then among them, as anointed witnesses, but it shows us that such witnesses are to be found in more than one era; for it is not Zerubbabel and Joshua who can exhaust the fulness of a vision which is the representation of the eternal truth that the oil of gladness and strength from God will rest on those who rely, not on might or power, but on God's Spirit. The fact that the witnesses are two is brought more prominently forward here than in Zechariah. There, though the olive trees are two, the candlestick is but one, with seven lamps; here there are two candlesticks spoken of as well as two olive trees. This amplification of the original vision is, perhaps, designed to remind us of the greater latitude of diversity in the new dispensation. Just as in the early chapters of this book we had seven golden candlesticks, which, though one in Christ, yet are spoken of as separate, so here the double aspect, the diverse though united efforts of the two witnesses. are brought into prominence. It may serve to remind us. that the witnesses are to be expected to keep their individuality and to use freely their diverse powers. It is not from one class or with one mode of action that the witnesses come: they may be of the statesman class, like Moses and Zerubbabel; of the prophetic or priestly like Zechariah and Haggai, like Aaron and the later Joshua (<a href="/zechariah/3-1.htm" title="And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him.">Zechariah 3:1</a>); for men may witness for God, according as the evils of their time and age require it in the State as well as in the Church. The work of Wilberforce, Clarkson, and Howard is a work and a witness for God as well as the work of Chrysostom, Athanasius, and Luther; for the witnesses are raised up to speak against the neglect of humanity as well as against errors in divinity; against a heartless as well as against a creedless Christianity, for both lead back to heathenism. These witnesses are burning and shining lights; in them is centred the light of their age; in them is found the token that the grace of God never fails, but as the Church's day so shall her strength be. Here, too, we have the pledge that from Him who is both Priest and King the civil rulers as well as the ecclesiastical rulers may draw grace according to their gifts; and from Him, too, all who are made kings as well as priests to God may derive the power to give the double witness of a life anointed by the Spirit of consecration and ruled by the sceptre of righteousness.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/revelation/11.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 4. - These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks. The "two olive trees" and the "two candlesticks" are here identical. Thus, while St. John uses the figure of Zechariah, he does not apply it in every detail. In the prophet, but one candlestick is mentioned. "The two olive trees," which supply the material for the candlesticks, are fit emblems of the Old and New Testaments; the candlesticks typify the Jewish and Christian Churches. These are identical so far as being God's witnesses; the Church derives her stores from the Word of God, the light of the Word of God is manifested through the Church. Standing before the God of the earth; the Lord of the earth (Revised Version). The participle is masculine, though the preceding article and nouns are feminine, probably as being more in keeping with the masculine character under which the two witnesses are depicted. Perhaps he is described as the "Lord of the earth," since the witnesses are to prophesy before all the earth (cf. ver. 9 and <a href="/matthew/24-14.htm">Matthew 24:14</a>). <a href="/commentaries/revelation/11-4.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>These [witnesses] Οὗτοί (Houtoi) Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3778.htm">Strong's 3778: </a> This; he, she, it. are εἰσιν (eisin) Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1510.htm">Strong's 1510: </a> I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist. the αἱ (hai) Article - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. two δύο (dyo) Adjective - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1417.htm">Strong's 1417: </a> Two. A primary numeral; 'two'. olive trees ἐλαῖαι (elaiai) Noun - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1636.htm">Strong's 1636: </a> An olive tree; the Mount of Olives. Feminine of a presumed derivative from an obsolete primary; an olive. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. the αἱ (hai) Article - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. two δύο (dyo) Adjective - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1417.htm">Strong's 1417: </a> Two. A primary numeral; 'two'. lampstands λυχνίαι (lychniai) Noun - Nominative Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3087.htm">Strong's 3087: </a> A lamp-stand. From luchnos; a lamp-stand. that stand ἑστῶτες (hestōtes) Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_2476.htm">Strong's 2476: </a> A prolonged form of a primary stao stah'-o; to stand, used in various applications. before ἐνώπιον (enōpion) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1799.htm">Strong's 1799: </a> Neuter of a compound of en and a derivative of optanomai; in the face of. the τοῦ (tou) Article - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. Lord Κυρίου (Kyriou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2962.htm">Strong's 2962: </a> Lord, master, sir; the Lord. From kuros; supreme in authority, i.e. controller; by implication, Master. of the τῆς (tēs) Article - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. earth. γῆς (gēs) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1093.htm">Strong's 1093: </a> Contracted from a primary word; soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/revelation/11-4.htm">Revelation 11:4 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/revelation/11-4.htm">NT Prophecy: Revelation 11:4 These are the two olive trees (Rev. Re Apocalypse)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/revelation/11-3.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Revelation 11:3"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Revelation 11:3" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/revelation/11-5.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Revelation 11:5"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Revelation 11:5" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>