CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer>var gtm4wp_datalayer_name="dataLayer";var dataLayer=dataLayer||[];</script> <title>Admissions | UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences</title> <meta name="description" content="Admissions Criteria Applicants must have the following qualifications to apply: A master’s degree or terminal professional degree with at least a 3.0 GPA" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Admissions | UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Admissions Criteria Applicants must have the following qualifications to apply: A master’s degree or terminal professional degree with at least a 3.0 GPA" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/GlobalHealthAtUCSF/" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-13T19:08:12+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@IGHSatUCSF" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="12 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["WebPage","MedicalWebPage"],"@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/","url":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/","name":"Admissions | UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-10-08T16:26:59+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-13T19:08:12+00:00","description":"Admissions Criteria Applicants must have the following qualifications to apply: A master’s degree or terminal professional degree with at least a 3.0 GPA","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Education","item":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"PhD","item":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Admissions"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/#website","url":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/","name":"UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/#organization"},"alternateName":"UCSF IGHS","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/#organization","name":"UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences","alternateName":"UCSF IGHS","url":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ighs-navy-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ighs-navy-logo.svg","width":430,"height":133,"caption":"UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences"},"image":{"@id":"https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/GlobalHealthAtUCSF/","https://twitter.com/IGHSatUCSF","https://www.instagram.com/IGHSatUCSF/","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnPZ_6m590SMAozac0b8VZg","https://www.linkedin.com/company/ucsf-institute-for-global-health-sciences"]}]}</script> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences » Feed" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences » Comments Feed" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/comments/feed/" /> <script data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast">window._wpemojiSettings={"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.4.3"}}; !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83e\udef1\ud83c\udffb\u200d\ud83e\udef2\ud83c\udfff","\ud83e\udef1\ud83c\udffb\u200b\ud83e\udef2\ud83c\udfff")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings);</script> <style id="wp-emoji-styles-inline-css">img.wp-smiley,img.emoji{display:inline !important;border:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;height:1em !important;width:1em !important;margin:0 0.07em !important;vertical-align:-0.1em !important;background:none !important;padding:0 !important;}</style> <style data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.4.3" data-phast-params='{"ref":"YXBw307QVLg"}'>@charset "UTF-8";:where(.wp-block-button__link){border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none}.wp-block-button[style*=text-decoration] .wp-block-button__link{text-decoration:inherit}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color),.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color){color:currentColor}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-background),.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){background-color:transparent;background-image:none}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where(.has-border-color){border-width:initial}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-style]){border-width:initial}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-top-style]){border-top-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-right-style]){border-right-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-bottom-style]){border-bottom-width:medium}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:where([style*=border-left-style]){border-left-width:medium}.wp-block-buttons:not(.is-content-justification-space-between,.is-content-justification-right,.is-content-justification-left,.is-content-justification-center) .wp-block-button.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:100%}.wp-block-buttons[style*=text-decoration] .wp-block-button,.wp-block-buttons[style*=text-decoration] .wp-block-button__link{text-decoration:inherit}.wp-block-calendar table:where(:not(.has-text-color)){color:#40464d}.wp-block-calendar table:where(:not(.has-text-color)) td,.wp-block-calendar table:where(:not(.has-text-color)) th{border-color:#ddd}:where(.wp-block-calendar table:not(.has-background) th){background:#ddd}.wp-block-columns{align-items:normal!important;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap!important}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-columns{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}}@media (max-width:781px){.wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile)>.wp-block-column{flex-basis:100%!important}}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile)>.wp-block-column{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile)>.wp-block-column[style*=flex-basis]{flex-grow:0}}.wp-block-columns.is-not-stacked-on-mobile>.wp-block-column[style*=flex-basis]{flex-grow:0}:where(.wp-block-columns){margin-bottom:1.75em}:where(.wp-block-columns.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-column{flex-grow:1;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-post-comments .comment-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments .comment-form textarea{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:100%}.wp-block-post-comments .comment-reply-title :where(small){font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium,smaller);margin-left:.5em}.wp-block-post-comments input:not([type=submit]),.wp-block-post-comments textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em}.wp-block-post-comments input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}:where(.wp-block-post-comments input[type=submit]){border:none}.wp-block-comments-pagination .wp-block-comments-pagination-previous-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-comments-pagination .wp-block-comments-pagination-next-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-cover .has-background-dim:not([class*=-background-color]),.wp-block-cover-image .has-background-dim:not([class*=-background-color]),.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim:not([class*=-background-color]),.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim:not([class*=-background-color]){background-color:#000}.wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim:not(.has-background-gradient):before{bottom:0;left:0;opacity:.5;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:1}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-10 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-10 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-10:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-10 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-10 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-10:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.1}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-20 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-20 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-20:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-20 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-20 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-20:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.2}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-30 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-30 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-30:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-30 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-30 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-30:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.3}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-40 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-40 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-40:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-40 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-40 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-40:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.4}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-50 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-50 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-50:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-50 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-50 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-50:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.5}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-60 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-60 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-60:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-60 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-60 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-60:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.6}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-70 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-70 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-70:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-70 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-70 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-70:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.7}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-80 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-80 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-80:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-80 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-80 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-80:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.8}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-90 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-90 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-90:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-90 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-90 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-90:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:.9}.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-100 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-100 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover-image.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-100:not(.has-background-gradient):before,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-100 .wp-block-cover__background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-100 .wp-block-cover__gradient-background,.wp-block-cover.has-background-dim.has-background-dim-100:not(.has-background-gradient):before{opacity:1}@supports (position:sticky){}.wp-block-cover h1:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover h2:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover h3:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover h4:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover h5:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover h6:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover p:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image h1:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image h2:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image h3:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image h4:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image h5:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image h6:where(:not(.has-text-color)),.wp-block-cover-image p:where(:not(.has-text-color)){color:inherit}@supports (-webkit-touch-callout:inherit){}:where(.wp-block-cover-image:not(.has-text-color)),:where(.wp-block-cover:not(.has-text-color)){color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-cover-image.is-light:not(.has-text-color)),:where(.wp-block-cover.is-light:not(.has-text-color)){color:#000}.wp-block-embed.alignleft,.wp-block-embed.alignright,.wp-block[data-align=left]>[data-type="core/embed"],.wp-block[data-align=right]>[data-type="core/embed"]{max-width:360px;width:100%}.wp-block-embed.alignleft .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block-embed.alignright .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block[data-align=left]>[data-type="core/embed"] .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block[data-align=right]>[data-type="core/embed"] .wp-block-embed__wrapper{min-width:280px}.wp-block-file:not(.wp-element-button){font-size:.8em}:where(.wp-block-file){margin-bottom:1.5em}:where(.wp-block-file__button){border-radius:2em;display:inline-block;padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):active,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):focus,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):hover,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):visited{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images){display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-grow:1;justify-content:center;margin:0 1em 1em 0;position:relative;width:calc(50% - 1em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(2n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(2n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(2n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(2n){margin-right:0}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image figure,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item figure,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image figure,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item figure{align-items:flex-end;display:flex;height:100%;justify-content:flex-start;margin:0}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image img,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item img,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image img,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item img{display:block;height:auto;max-width:100%;width:auto}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image figcaption,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item figcaption,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image figcaption,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item figcaption{background:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,.7),rgba(0,0,0,.3) 70%,transparent);bottom:0;box-sizing:border-box;color:#fff;font-size:.8em;margin:0;max-height:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3em .77em .7em;position:absolute;text-align:center;width:100%;z-index:2}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image figcaption img,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item figcaption img,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image figcaption img,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item figcaption img{display:inline}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) figcaption,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) figcaption{flex-grow:1}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-image a,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-image img,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-item a,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-item img,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-image a,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-image img,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-item a,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).is-cropped .blocks-gallery-item img{flex:1;height:100%;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:1em;width:calc(33.33333% - .66667em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:1em;width:calc(25% - .75em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:1em;width:calc(20% - .8em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:1em;width:calc(16.66667% - .83333em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:1em;width:calc(14.28571% - .85714em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-image,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-item,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-image,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-item{margin-right:1em;width:calc(12.5% - .875em)}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(1n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(1n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-2 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(2n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-2 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(2n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(3n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(3n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(4n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(4n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(5n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(5n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(6n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(6n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(7n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(7n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(8n),.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(8n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(1n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-1 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(1n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-2 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(2n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-2 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(2n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(3n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-3 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(3n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(4n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-4 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(4n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(5n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-5 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(5n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(6n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-6 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(6n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(7n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-7 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(7n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-image:nth-of-type(8n),.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).columns-8 .blocks-gallery-item:nth-of-type(8n){margin-right:0}}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image:last-child,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item:last-child,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-image:last-child,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images) .blocks-gallery-item:last-child{margin-right:0}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).alignleft,.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).alignright,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).alignleft,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).alignright{max-width:420px;width:100%}.blocks-gallery-grid:not(.has-nested-images).aligncenter .blocks-gallery-item figure,.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images).aligncenter .blocks-gallery-item figure{justify-content:center}.wp-block-gallery:not(.is-cropped) .blocks-gallery-item{align-self:flex-start}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){margin:0;width:calc(50% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)/2)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images:not(.is-cropped) figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){margin-bottom:auto;margin-top:0}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.is-cropped figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){align-self:inherit}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.is-cropped figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image)>a,.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.is-cropped figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image)>div:not(.components-drop-zone){display:flex}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.is-cropped figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image) a,.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.is-cropped figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image) img{flex:1 0 0%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-1 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-3 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(33.33333% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.66667)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-4 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(25% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.75)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-5 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(20% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.8)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-6 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(16.66667% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.83333)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-7 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(14.28571% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.85714)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-8 figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(12.5% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.875)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-default figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(33.33% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.66667)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-default figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image):first-child:nth-last-child(2),.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-default figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image):first-child:nth-last-child(2)~figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image){width:calc(50% - var(--wp--style--unstable-gallery-gap,16px)*.5)}.wp-block-gallery.has-nested-images.columns-default figure.wp-block-image:not(#individual-image):first-child:last-child{width:100%}}h1.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h1.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h2.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h2.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h3.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h3.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h4.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h4.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h5.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h5.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h6.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h6.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]){rotate:180deg}.wp-block-image[style*=border-radius] img,.wp-block-image[style*=border-radius]>a{border-radius:inherit}@supports ((-webkit-mask-image:none) or (mask-image:none)) or (-webkit-mask-image:none){}.wp-block-image :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-lightbox-container button:focus,.wp-lightbox-container button:hover,.wp-lightbox-container button:not(:hover):not(:active):not(.has-background){background-color:rgba(90,90,90,.25);border:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button:focus,.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button:hover,.wp-lightbox-overlay .close-button:not(:hover):not(:active):not(.has-background){background:none;border:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay.hideanimationenabled:not(.active){animation:turn-off-visibility .35s both}.wp-lightbox-overlay.hideanimationenabled:not(.active) img{animation:turn-off-visibility .25s both}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.hideanimationenabled:not(.active){animation:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.hideanimationenabled:not(.active) .lightbox-image-container{animation:lightbox-zoom-out .4s}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.hideanimationenabled:not(.active) .lightbox-image-container img{animation:none}.wp-lightbox-overlay.zoom.hideanimationenabled:not(.active) .scrim{animation:turn-off-visibility .4s forwards}}@keyframes turn-on-visibility{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes turn-off-visibility{0%{opacity:1;visibility:visible}99%{opacity:0;visibility:visible}to{opacity:0;visibility:hidden}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-in{0%{transform:translate(calc(-50vw + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position))) scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale))}to{transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1)}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-out{0%{transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);visibility:visible}99%{visibility:visible}to{transform:translate(calc(-50vw + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position))) scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale));visibility:hidden}}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment)){line-height:1.1}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p)){line-height:1.8}.has-dates :where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height])),.has-excerpts :where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height])){line-height:1.5}.wp-block-latest-comments[class*=-font-size] a,.wp-block-latest-comments[style*=font-size] a{font-size:inherit}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li:nth-child(3n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li:nth-child(5n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li:nth-child(6n){margin-right:0}}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:active,.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:focus{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):hover>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):not(.open-on-hover-click):focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]~.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{color:#000}@keyframes overlay-menu__fade-in-animation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(.5em)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container :where(.wp-block-navigation-item a){color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.is-menu-open.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit!important;color:inherit!important}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit;display:block;position:relative;width:100%;z-index:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{display:none}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:#fff}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{color:#000}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open:not(.always-shown){display:none}}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}p.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],p.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-weight] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-family] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-family:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[class*=-font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title),.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-size:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=line-height] :where(.comment-reply-title){line-height:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-style] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-style:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=letter-spacing] :where(.comment-reply-title){letter-spacing:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form input[type=submit]{box-shadow:none;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;overflow-wrap:break-word;text-align:center}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=hidden]),.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form textarea{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:100%}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title :where(small){font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium,smaller);margin-left:.5em}:where(.wp-block-post-excerpt){margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}.wp-block-post-featured-image:where(.alignleft,.alignright){width:100%}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],.wp-block-post-navigation-link.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}:where(.wp-block-preformatted.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-pullquote){margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)),.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)){margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]),.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]):active,.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]):focus{text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:4px 8px}.wp-block[data-align=right] .wp-block-search__button-behavior-expand .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{float:right}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link span:not(.screen-reader-text){font-size:.65em;margin-left:.5em;margin-right:.5em}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#02ab6c;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#ff424d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{stroke:#000;background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-threads,.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-x{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.has-icon-color):not(.has-icon-background-color) .wp-social-link-snapchat .wp-block-social-link-label{color:#000}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-light-gray-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-green-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* th{border-top-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:not(:first-child){border-top-color:currentColor}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] td:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color]>*{border-right-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* th{border-bottom-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:not(:last-child){border-bottom-color:currentColor}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] td:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color]>*{border-left-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style]>*{border-style:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width]>*{border-style:inherit;border-width:inherit}:where(.wp-block-term-description){margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit}@supports (position:sticky){}.entry-content{counter-reset:footnotes}a[data-fn].fn{counter-increment:footnotes;display:inline-flex;font-size:smaller;text-decoration:none;text-indent:-9999999px;vertical-align:super}a[data-fn].fn:after{content:"[" counter(footnotes) "]";float:left;text-indent:0}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}.screen-reader-text:focus{clip:auto!important;background-color:#ddd;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}</style> <style id="safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css">.safe-svg-cover{text-align:center}.safe-svg-cover .safe-svg-inside{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.safe-svg-cover svg{height:100%;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%}</style> <style id="global-styles-inline-css">body{--wp--preset--color--black:#000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#FFFFFF;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--d-1:#00483A;--wp--preset--color--cta:#006BE9;--wp--preset--color--d-2:#007242;--wp--preset--color--a-1-navy:#052049;--wp--preset--color--c-1:#0E5258;--wp--preset--color--a-2:#0F388A;--wp--preset--color--c-2:#14828C;--wp--preset--color--c-3-teal:#16A0AC;--wp--preset--color--b-3-blue:#178CCB;--wp--preset--color--f-1:#2E2872;--wp--preset--color--d-3-green:#32A03E;--wp--preset--color--f-2:#443E8C;--wp--preset--color--g-1:#461850;--wp--preset--color--i-3-blue-gray:#506380;--wp--preset--color--h-1:#561038;--wp--preset--color--c-4:#60D0DA;--wp--preset--color--g-2:#6C247C;--wp--preset--color--f-3-purple:#6C62D0;--wp--preset--color--h-2:#821A56;--wp--preset--color--e-3-chartreuse:#84C234;--wp--preset--color--f-4-yosemite:#8A8CE3;--wp--preset--color--g-3-violet:#A238BA;--wp--preset--color--e-4-point-reyes:#B4DC55;--wp--preset--color--b-5:#B8E6FA;--wp--preset--color--h-3-magenta:#C42882;--wp--preset--color--n-3-red:#E61048;--wp--preset--color--m-3-orange:#FA6E1E;--wp--preset--color--l-3-yellow:#FEB80A;--wp--preset--color--transparent:transparent;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:18px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:24px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--font-size--extra-small:14px;--wp--preset--font-size--extra-large:40px;--wp--preset--font-family--serif:'Granjon LT W01 Roman','Garamond','Times New Roman',sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--sans-serif:'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--monospace:Monaco,Consolas,'Andale Mono','DejaVu Sans Mono',monospace;--wp--preset--spacing--20:0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--custom--h-spacing:2.375rem;--wp--custom--v-spacing:1.25rem;}.wp-block-heading{--wp--preset--font-size--h-4:24px;--wp--preset--font-size--h-3:28px;--wp--preset--font-size--h-2:32px;--wp--preset--font-size--h-1:40px;}body{margin:0;--wp--style--global--content-size:700px;--wp--style--global--wide-size:1100px;}.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft{float:left;margin-right:2em;}.wp-site-blocks > .alignright{float:right;margin-left:2em;}.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter{justify-content:center;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}:where(.wp-site-blocks) > *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);margin-block-end:0;}:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child:first-child{margin-block-start:0;}:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child:last-child{margin-block-end:0;}body{--wp--style--block-gap:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);}:where(body .is-layout-flow) > :first-child:first-child{margin-block-start:0;}:where(body .is-layout-flow) > :last-child:last-child{margin-block-end:0;}:where(body .is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);margin-block-end:0;}:where(body .is-layout-constrained) > :first-child:first-child{margin-block-start:0;}:where(body .is-layout-constrained) > :last-child:last-child{margin-block-end:0;}:where(body .is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);margin-block-end:0;}:where(body .is-layout-flex){gap:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);}:where(body .is-layout-grid){gap:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);}body .is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0;}body .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0;}body .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin:0;}body .is-layout-grid{display:grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin:0;}body{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--background);color:var(--wp--preset--color--foreground);font-family:var(--wp--preset--font-family--system);font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium);line-height:1.75;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--foreground);text-decoration:underline;}.wp-element-button,.wp-block-button__link{background-color:#32373c;border-width:0;color:#fff;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;padding:calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none;}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-d-1-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-1) !important;}.has-cta-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cta) !important;}.has-d-2-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-2) !important;}.has-a-1-navy-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--a-1-navy) !important;}.has-c-1-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-1) !important;}.has-a-2-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--a-2) !important;}.has-c-2-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-2) !important;}.has-c-3-teal-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-3-teal) !important;}.has-b-3-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--b-3-blue) !important;}.has-f-1-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-1) !important;}.has-d-3-green-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-3-green) !important;}.has-f-2-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-2) !important;}.has-g-1-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-1) !important;}.has-i-3-blue-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--i-3-blue-gray) !important;}.has-h-1-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-1) !important;}.has-c-4-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-4) !important;}.has-g-2-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-2) !important;}.has-f-3-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-3-purple) !important;}.has-h-2-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-2) !important;}.has-e-3-chartreuse-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--e-3-chartreuse) !important;}.has-f-4-yosemite-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-4-yosemite) !important;}.has-g-3-violet-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-3-violet) !important;}.has-e-4-point-reyes-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--e-4-point-reyes) !important;}.has-b-5-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--b-5) !important;}.has-h-3-magenta-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-3-magenta) !important;}.has-n-3-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--n-3-red) !important;}.has-m-3-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--m-3-orange) !important;}.has-l-3-yellow-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--l-3-yellow) !important;}.has-transparent-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--transparent) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-d-1-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-1) !important;}.has-cta-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cta) !important;}.has-d-2-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-2) !important;}.has-a-1-navy-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--a-1-navy) !important;}.has-c-1-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-1) !important;}.has-a-2-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--a-2) !important;}.has-c-2-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-2) !important;}.has-c-3-teal-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-3-teal) !important;}.has-b-3-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--b-3-blue) !important;}.has-f-1-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-1) !important;}.has-d-3-green-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-3-green) !important;}.has-f-2-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-2) !important;}.has-g-1-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-1) !important;}.has-i-3-blue-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--i-3-blue-gray) !important;}.has-h-1-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-1) !important;}.has-c-4-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-4) !important;}.has-g-2-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-2) !important;}.has-f-3-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-3-purple) !important;}.has-h-2-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-2) !important;}.has-e-3-chartreuse-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--e-3-chartreuse) !important;}.has-f-4-yosemite-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-4-yosemite) !important;}.has-g-3-violet-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-3-violet) !important;}.has-e-4-point-reyes-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--e-4-point-reyes) !important;}.has-b-5-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--b-5) !important;}.has-h-3-magenta-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-3-magenta) !important;}.has-n-3-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--n-3-red) !important;}.has-m-3-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--m-3-orange) !important;}.has-l-3-yellow-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--l-3-yellow) !important;}.has-transparent-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--transparent) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-d-1-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-1) !important;}.has-cta-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cta) !important;}.has-d-2-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-2) !important;}.has-a-1-navy-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--a-1-navy) !important;}.has-c-1-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-1) !important;}.has-a-2-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--a-2) !important;}.has-c-2-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-2) !important;}.has-c-3-teal-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-3-teal) !important;}.has-b-3-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--b-3-blue) !important;}.has-f-1-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-1) !important;}.has-d-3-green-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--d-3-green) !important;}.has-f-2-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-2) !important;}.has-g-1-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-1) !important;}.has-i-3-blue-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--i-3-blue-gray) !important;}.has-h-1-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-1) !important;}.has-c-4-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--c-4) !important;}.has-g-2-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-2) !important;}.has-f-3-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-3-purple) !important;}.has-h-2-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-2) !important;}.has-e-3-chartreuse-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--e-3-chartreuse) !important;}.has-f-4-yosemite-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--f-4-yosemite) !important;}.has-g-3-violet-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--g-3-violet) !important;}.has-e-4-point-reyes-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--e-4-point-reyes) !important;}.has-b-5-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--b-5) !important;}.has-h-3-magenta-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--h-3-magenta) !important;}.has-n-3-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--n-3-red) !important;}.has-m-3-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--m-3-orange) !important;}.has-l-3-yellow-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--l-3-yellow) !important;}.has-transparent-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--transparent) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-extra-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--extra-small) !important;}.has-extra-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--extra-large) !important;}.has-serif-font-family{font-family:var(--wp--preset--font-family--serif) !important;}.has-sans-serif-font-family{font-family:var(--wp--preset--font-family--sans-serif) !important;}.has-monospace-font-family{font-family:var(--wp--preset--font-family--monospace) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-h-4-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--h-4) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-h-3-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--h-3) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-h-2-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--h-2) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-h-1-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--h-1) !important;}.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:inherit;}.wp-block-pullquote{font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--secondary);border-radius:4px;border-width:2px;border-style:solid;color:var(--wp--preset--color--foreground);font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small);padding-top:0.3rem;padding-right:1rem;padding-bottom:0.3rem;padding-left:1rem;}.wp-block-code{color:var(--wp--preset--color--foreground);}.wp-block-post-navigation-link{margin-top:calc(var(--wp--custom--v-spacing) * 3);margin-bottom:var(--wp--custom--v-spacing);}.wp-block-query-pagination{margin-top:calc(var(--wp--custom--v-spacing) * 3) !important;}.wp-block-post-author{color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary);font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--extra-small);}.wp-block-post-author a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary);}.wp-block-post-date{color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary);font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--extra-small);}.wp-block-post-date a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary);}.wp-block-post-terms{color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary);font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--extra-small);}.wp-block-post-terms a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--primary);}.wp-block-latest-comments{padding-left:0px;}</style> <link media="all" data-phast-ie-fallback-url="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=EB+Garamond&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=css&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffonts.googleapis.com%2Fcss2%3Ffamily%3DEB%2BGaramond%26display%3Dswap&cacheMarker=4e023a15355b0de9a989d6d36af17476-240689&token=caaf462bcc54d80a"><style data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/theme.70daae4c9473242a40ec.css?ver=1.0.0" data-phast-params='{"ref":"2Uz5S92sZxg"}'>@charset "UTF-8";*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root{scroll-behavior:smooth}}body{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);color:#212529;color:var(--bs-body-color);font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Helvetica Neue,Liberation Sans,Arial,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji;font-family:var(--bs-body-font-family);font-size:1rem;font-size:var(--bs-body-font-size);font-weight:400;font-weight:var(--bs-body-font-weight);line-height:1.5;line-height:var(--bs-body-line-height);text-align:var(--bs-body-text-align)}hr{border-top:1px solid;border-top:var(--bs-border-width) solid;color:inherit;margin:1rem 0;opacity:.25}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{color:inherit;color:var(--bs-heading-color);font-weight:500;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:.5rem;margin-top:0}h1{font-size:calc(1.375rem + 1.5vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h1{font-size:2.5rem}}h2{font-size:calc(1.325rem + .9vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h2{font-size:2rem}}h3{font-size:calc(1.3rem + .6vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h3{font-size:1.75rem}}h4{font-size:calc(1.275rem + .3vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h4{font-size:1.5rem}}h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6{font-size:1rem}p{margin-bottom:1rem;margin-top:0}abbr[title]{cursor:help;-webkit-text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none}address{font-style:normal;line-height:inherit;margin-bottom:1rem}ol,ul{padding-left:2rem}dl,ol,ul{margin-bottom:1rem;margin-top:0}ol ol,ol ul,ul ol,ul ul{margin-bottom:0}dd{margin-bottom:.5rem;margin-left:0}blockquote{margin:0 0 1rem}small{font-size:.875em}mark{background-color:#fff3cd;background-color:var(--bs-highlight-bg);padding:.1875em}sub,sup{font-size:.75em}a{color:#0d6efd;color:rgba(var(--bs-link-color-rgb),var(--bs-link-opacity,1));-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}a:hover{--bs-link-color-rgb:var(--bs-link-hover-color-rgb)}a:not([href]):not([class]),a:not([href]):not([class]):hover{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,Liberation Mono,Courier New,monospace;font-family:var(--bs-font-monospace);font-size:1em}pre{display:block;font-size:.875em;margin-bottom:1rem;margin-top:0}pre code{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;word-break:normal}code{word-wrap:break-word;color:#d63384;color:var(--bs-code-color);font-size:.875em}a>code{color:inherit}kbd{background-color:#212529;background-color:var(--bs-body-color);border-radius:.25rem;color:#fff;color:var(--bs-body-bg);font-size:.875em;padding:.1875rem .375rem}kbd kbd{font-size:1em;padding:0}figure{margin:0 0 1rem}img,svg{vertical-align:middle}table{border-collapse:collapse;caption-side:bottom}caption{color:rgba(33,37,41,.75);color:var(--bs-secondary-color);padding-bottom:.5rem;padding-top:.5rem;text-align:left}th{text-align:inherit;text-align:-webkit-match-parent}tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,tr{border:0 solid;border-color:inherit}label{display:inline-block}button{border-radius:0}button:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:0}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}[role=button]{cursor:pointer}select{word-wrap:normal}select:disabled{opacity:1}[list]:not([type=date]):not([type=datetime-local]):not([type=month]):not([type=week]):not([type=time])::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{display:none!important}[type=button]:not(:disabled),[type=reset]:not(:disabled),[type=submit]:not(:disabled),button:not(:disabled){cursor:pointer}::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}textarea{resize:vertical}fieldset{border:0;margin:0;min-width:0;padding:0}legend{float:left;font-size:calc(1.275rem + .3vw);line-height:inherit;margin-bottom:.5rem;width:100%}@media (min-width:1200px){legend{font-size:1.5rem}}legend+*{clear:left}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper,::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute,::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-text,::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding:0}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-color-swatch-wrapper{padding:0}::file-selector-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}output{display:inline-block}iframe{border:0}summary{cursor:pointer}[hidden]{display:none!important}.list-inline-item:not(:last-child){margin-right:.5rem}.container{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-left:.75rem;padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-right:.75rem;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);width:100%}@media (min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1140px}}@media (min-width:1400px){.container{max-width:1320px}}:root{--bs-breakpoint-xs:0;--bs-breakpoint-sm:576px;--bs-breakpoint-md:768px;--bs-breakpoint-lg:992px;--bs-breakpoint-xl:1200px;--bs-breakpoint-xxl:1400px}.row{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-left:-.75rem;margin-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*-.5);margin-right:-.75rem;margin-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*-.5);margin-top:0;margin-top:calc(var(--bs-gutter-y)*-1)}.row>*{flex-shrink:0;margin-top:var(--bs-gutter-y);max-width:100%;padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);width:100%}.col-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-7{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}@media (min-width:768px){.col-md-3{flex:0 0 auto;width:25%}.col-md-9{flex:0 0 auto;width:75%}}.table>:not(caption)>*>*{background-color:var(--bs-table-bg);border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-width:var(--bs-border-width);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 9999px var(--bs-table-bg-state,var(--bs-table-bg-type,var(--bs-table-accent-bg)));color:var(--bs-table-color-state,var(--bs-table-color-type,var(--bs-table-color)));padding:.5rem}.table-sm>:not(caption)>*>*{padding:.25rem}.table-bordered>:not(caption)>*{border-width:1px 0;border-width:var(--bs-border-width) 0}.table-bordered>:not(caption)>*>*{border-width:0 1px;border-width:0 var(--bs-border-width)}.table-borderless>:not(caption)>*>*{border-bottom-width:0}.table-borderless>:not(:first-child){border-top-width:0}.table-striped-columns>:not(caption)>tr>:nth-child(2n),.table-striped>tbody>tr:nth-of-type(odd)>*{--bs-table-color-type:var(--bs-table-striped-color);--bs-table-bg-type:var(--bs-table-striped-bg)}@media (max-width:575.98px){}@media (max-width:767.98px){}@media (max-width:991.98px){}@media (max-width:1199.98px){}@media (max-width:1399.98px){}.form-control[type=file]{overflow:hidden}.form-control[type=file]:not(:disabled):not([readonly]){cursor:pointer}.form-control:hover:not(:disabled):not([readonly])::file-selector-button{background-color:#e9ecef;background-color:var(--bs-secondary-bg)}.form-control-color:not(:disabled):not([readonly]){cursor:pointer}.form-select[multiple],.form-select[size]:not([size="1"]){background-image:none;padding-right:.75rem}[data-bs-theme=dark] .form-select{--bs-form-select-bg-img:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' stroke='%23dee2e6' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' stroke-width='2' d='m2 5 6 6 6-6'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.form-check-input[type=checkbox]{border-radius:.25em}.form-check-input[type=radio]{border-radius:50%}.form-check-input:checked[type=checkbox]{--bs-form-check-bg-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 20 20'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' stroke='%23fff' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' stroke-width='3' d='m6 10 3 3 6-6'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.form-check-input:checked[type=radio]{--bs-form-check-bg-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='-4 -4 8 8'%3E%3Ccircle r='2' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.form-check-input[type=checkbox]:indeterminate{--bs-form-check-bg-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 20 20'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' stroke='%23fff' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' stroke-width='3' d='M6 10h8'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-color:#0d6efd;border-color:#0d6efd}[data-bs-theme=dark] .form-switch .form-check-input:not(:checked):not(:focus){--bs-form-switch-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='-4 -4 8 8'%3E%3Ccircle r='3' fill='rgba(255,255,255,0.25)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.form-floating>.form-control-plaintext:not(:-moz-placeholder-shown),.form-floating>.form-control:not(:-moz-placeholder-shown){padding-bottom:.625rem;padding-top:1.625rem}.form-floating>.form-control-plaintext:focus,.form-floating>.form-control-plaintext:not(:placeholder-shown),.form-floating>.form-control:focus,.form-floating>.form-control:not(:placeholder-shown){padding-bottom:.625rem;padding-top:1.625rem}.form-floating>.form-control:not(:-moz-placeholder-shown)~label{color:rgba(33,37,41,.65);color:rgba(var(--bs-body-color-rgb),.65);transform:scale(.85) translateY(-.5rem) translateX(.15rem)}.form-floating>.form-control-plaintext~label,.form-floating>.form-control:focus~label,.form-floating>.form-control:not(:placeholder-shown)~label,.form-floating>.form-select~label{color:rgba(33,37,41,.65);color:rgba(var(--bs-body-color-rgb),.65);transform:scale(.85) translateY(-.5rem) translateX(.15rem)}.form-floating>.form-control:not(:-moz-placeholder-shown)~label:after{background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);border-radius:.375rem;border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius);bottom:1rem;content:"";height:1.5em;left:.375rem;position:absolute;right:.375rem;top:1rem;z-index:-1}.form-floating>.form-control-plaintext~label:after,.form-floating>.form-control:focus~label:after,.form-floating>.form-control:not(:placeholder-shown)~label:after,.form-floating>.form-select~label:after{background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);border-radius:.375rem;border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius);bottom:1rem;content:"";height:1.5em;left:.375rem;position:absolute;right:.375rem;top:1rem;z-index:-1}.input-group.has-validation>.dropdown-toggle:nth-last-child(n+4),.input-group.has-validation>.form-floating:nth-last-child(n+3)>.form-control,.input-group.has-validation>.form-floating:nth-last-child(n+3)>.form-select,.input-group.has-validation>:nth-last-child(n+3):not(.dropdown-toggle):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.form-floating),.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.dropdown-toggle:nth-last-child(n+3),.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.form-floating:not(:last-child)>.form-control,.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.form-floating:not(:last-child)>.form-select,.input-group:not(.has-validation)>:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.form-floating){border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.input-group>:not(:first-child):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.valid-tooltip):not(.valid-feedback):not(.invalid-tooltip):not(.invalid-feedback){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:0;margin-left:-1px;margin-left:calc(var(--bs-border-width)*-1)}.input-group>.form-floating:not(:first-child)>.form-control,.input-group>.form-floating:not(:first-child)>.form-select{border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:0}.form-select.is-valid:not([multiple]):not([size]),.form-select.is-valid:not([multiple])[size="1"],.was-validated .form-select:valid:not([multiple]):not([size]),.was-validated .form-select:valid:not([multiple])[size="1"]{--bs-form-select-bg-icon:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23198754' d='M2.3 6.73.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-position:right .75rem center,center right 2.25rem;background-size:16px 12px,calc(.75em + .375rem) calc(.75em + .375rem);padding-right:4.125rem}.input-group>.form-control:not(:focus).is-valid,.input-group>.form-floating:not(:focus-within).is-valid,.input-group>.form-select:not(:focus).is-valid,.was-validated .input-group>.form-control:not(:focus):valid,.was-validated .input-group>.form-floating:not(:focus-within):valid,.was-validated .input-group>.form-select:not(:focus):valid{z-index:3}.form-select.is-invalid:not([multiple]):not([size]),.form-select.is-invalid:not([multiple])[size="1"],.was-validated .form-select:invalid:not([multiple]):not([size]),.was-validated .form-select:invalid:not([multiple])[size="1"]{--bs-form-select-bg-icon:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='%23dc3545'%3E%3Ccircle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/%3E%3Cpath stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/%3E%3Ccircle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='%23dc3545' stroke='none'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-position:right .75rem center,center right 2.25rem;background-size:16px 12px,calc(.75em + .375rem) calc(.75em + .375rem);padding-right:4.125rem}.input-group>.form-control:not(:focus).is-invalid,.input-group>.form-floating:not(:focus-within).is-invalid,.input-group>.form-select:not(:focus).is-invalid,.was-validated .input-group>.form-control:not(:focus):invalid,.was-validated .input-group>.form-floating:not(:focus-within):invalid,.was-validated .input-group>.form-select:not(:focus):invalid{z-index:4}.btn-check:checked+.btn,.btn.active,.btn.show,.btn:first-child:active,:not(.btn-check)+.btn:active{background-color:var(--bs-btn-active-bg);border-color:var(--bs-btn-active-border-color);color:var(--bs-btn-active-color)}.btn-check:checked+.btn:focus-visible,.btn.active:focus-visible,.btn.show:focus-visible,.btn:first-child:active:focus-visible,:not(.btn-check)+.btn:active:focus-visible{box-shadow:var(--bs-btn-focus-box-shadow)}.fade{transition:opacity .15s linear}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.fade{transition:none}}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.collapse:not(.show){display:none}.dropdown-menu[data-bs-popper]{left:0;margin-top:var(--bs-dropdown-spacer);top:100%}.dropdown-menu-start[data-bs-popper]{left:0;right:auto}.dropdown-menu-end[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;right:0}@media (min-width:576px){.dropdown-menu-sm-start[data-bs-popper]{left:0;right:auto}.dropdown-menu-sm-end[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;right:0}}@media (min-width:768px){.dropdown-menu-md-start[data-bs-popper]{left:0;right:auto}.dropdown-menu-md-end[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;right:0}}@media (min-width:992px){.dropdown-menu-lg-start[data-bs-popper]{left:0;right:auto}.dropdown-menu-lg-end[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;right:0}}@media (min-width:1200px){.dropdown-menu-xl-start[data-bs-popper]{left:0;right:auto}.dropdown-menu-xl-end[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;right:0}}@media (min-width:1400px){.dropdown-menu-xxl-start[data-bs-popper]{left:0;right:auto}.dropdown-menu-xxl-end[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;right:0}}.dropup .dropdown-menu[data-bs-popper]{bottom:100%;margin-bottom:var(--bs-dropdown-spacer);margin-top:0;top:auto}.dropend .dropdown-menu[data-bs-popper]{left:100%;margin-left:var(--bs-dropdown-spacer);margin-top:0;right:auto;top:0}.dropstart .dropdown-menu[data-bs-popper]{left:auto;margin-right:var(--bs-dropdown-spacer);margin-top:0;right:100%;top:0}.btn-group>.btn-group:not(:first-child),.btn-group>:not(.btn-check:first-child)+.btn{margin-left:-1px;margin-left:calc(var(--bs-border-width)*-1)}.btn-group>.btn-group:not(:last-child)>.btn,.btn-group>.btn.dropdown-toggle-split:first-child,.btn-group>.btn:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle){border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.btn-group>.btn-group:not(:first-child)>.btn,.btn-group>.btn:nth-child(n+3),.btn-group>:not(.btn-check)+.btn{border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:0}.btn-group-vertical>.btn-group:not(:first-child),.btn-group-vertical>.btn:not(:first-child){margin-top:-1px;margin-top:calc(var(--bs-border-width)*-1)}.btn-group-vertical>.btn-group:not(:last-child)>.btn,.btn-group-vertical>.btn:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.btn-group-vertical>.btn-group:not(:first-child)>.btn,.btn-group-vertical>.btn~.btn{border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}@media (min-width:576px){.card-group>.card:not(:last-child){border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.card-group>.card:not(:last-child) .card-header,.card-group>.card:not(:last-child) .card-img-top{border-top-right-radius:0}.card-group>.card:not(:last-child) .card-footer,.card-group>.card:not(:last-child) .card-img-bottom{border-bottom-right-radius:0}.card-group>.card:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:0}.card-group>.card:not(:first-child) .card-header,.card-group>.card:not(:first-child) .card-img-top{border-top-left-radius:0}.card-group>.card:not(:first-child) .card-footer,.card-group>.card:not(:first-child) .card-img-bottom{border-bottom-left-radius:0}}.accordion-button:not(.collapsed){background-color:var(--bs-accordion-active-bg);box-shadow:inset 0 calc(var(--bs-accordion-border-width)*-1) 0 var(--bs-accordion-border-color);color:var(--bs-accordion-active-color)}.accordion-button:not(.collapsed):after{background-image:var(--bs-accordion-btn-active-icon);transform:var(--bs-accordion-btn-icon-transform)}.accordion-item:not(:first-of-type){border-top:0}[data-bs-theme=dark] .accordion-button:after{--bs-accordion-btn-icon:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='%236ea8fe' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' d='M1.646 4.646a.5.5 0 0 1 .708 0L8 10.293l5.646-5.647a.5.5 0 0 1 .708.708l-6 6a.5.5 0 0 1-.708 0l-6-6a.5.5 0 0 1 0-.708z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--bs-accordion-btn-active-icon:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='%236ea8fe' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' d='M1.646 4.646a.5.5 0 0 1 .708 0L8 10.293l5.646-5.647a.5.5 0 0 1 .708.708l-6 6a.5.5 0 0 1-.708 0l-6-6a.5.5 0 0 1 0-.708z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.page-item:not(:first-child) .page-link{margin-left:-1px;margin-left:calc(var(--bs-border-width)*-1)}@keyframes progress-bar-stripes{0%{background-position-x:1rem}}.list-group-horizontal>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}@media (min-width:576px){.list-group-horizontal-sm>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-sm>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}}@media (min-width:768px){.list-group-horizontal-md>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-md>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}}@media (min-width:992px){.list-group-horizontal-lg>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-lg>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}}@media (min-width:1200px){.list-group-horizontal-xl>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-xl>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}}@media (min-width:1400px){.list-group-horizontal-xxl>.list-group-item:first-child:not(:last-child){border-bottom-left-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:0}.list-group-horizontal-xxl>.list-group-item:last-child:not(:first-child){border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-list-group-border-radius)}}.btn-close-white,[data-bs-theme=dark] .btn-close{filter:var(--bs-btn-close-white-filter)}.toast:not(.show){display:none}.toast-container>:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:var(--bs-toast-spacing)}.modal{--bs-modal-zindex:1055;--bs-modal-width:500px;--bs-modal-padding:1rem;--bs-modal-margin:0.5rem;--bs-modal-color:;--bs-modal-bg:var(--bs-body-bg);--bs-modal-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-modal-border-width:var(--bs-border-width);--bs-modal-border-radius:var(--bs-border-radius-lg);--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0,0,0,.075);--bs-modal-inner-border-radius:calc(var(--bs-border-radius-lg) - var(--bs-border-width));--bs-modal-header-padding-x:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding-y:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding:1rem 1rem;--bs-modal-header-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-header-border-width:var(--bs-border-width);--bs-modal-title-line-height:1.5;--bs-modal-footer-gap:0.5rem;--bs-modal-footer-bg:;--bs-modal-footer-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-footer-border-width:var(--bs-border-width);display:none;height:100%;left:0;outline:0;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;position:fixed;top:0;width:100%;z-index:1055;z-index:var(--bs-modal-zindex)}.modal-dialog{margin:var(--bs-modal-margin);pointer-events:none;position:relative;width:auto}.modal.fade .modal-dialog{transform:translateY(-50px);transition:transform .3s ease-out}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.modal.fade .modal-dialog{transition:none}}.modal-dialog-centered{align-items:center;display:flex;min-height:calc(100% - var(--bs-modal-margin)*2)}.modal-content{background-clip:padding-box;background-color:var(--bs-modal-bg);border:var(--bs-modal-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-modal-border-radius);color:var(--bs-modal-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;outline:0;pointer-events:auto;position:relative;width:100%}.modal-body{flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-modal-padding);position:relative}@media (min-width:576px){.modal{--bs-modal-margin:1.75rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.modal-dialog{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--bs-modal-width)}}@media (max-width:575.98px){}@media (max-width:767.98px){}@media (max-width:991.98px){}@media (max-width:1199.98px){}@media (max-width:1399.98px){}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=top] .tooltip-arrow,.bs-tooltip-top .tooltip-arrow{bottom:calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height)*-1)}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=top] .tooltip-arrow:before,.bs-tooltip-top .tooltip-arrow:before{border-top-color:var(--bs-tooltip-bg);border-width:var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height) calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width)*.5) 0;top:-1px}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=right] .tooltip-arrow,.bs-tooltip-end .tooltip-arrow{height:var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width);left:calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height)*-1);width:var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height)}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=right] .tooltip-arrow:before,.bs-tooltip-end .tooltip-arrow:before{border-right-color:var(--bs-tooltip-bg);border-width:calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width)*.5) var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height) calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width)*.5) 0;right:-1px}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom] .tooltip-arrow,.bs-tooltip-bottom .tooltip-arrow{top:calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height)*-1)}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom] .tooltip-arrow:before,.bs-tooltip-bottom .tooltip-arrow:before{border-bottom-color:var(--bs-tooltip-bg);border-width:0 calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width)*.5) var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height);bottom:-1px}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=left] .tooltip-arrow,.bs-tooltip-start .tooltip-arrow{height:var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width);right:calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height)*-1);width:var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height)}.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^=left] .tooltip-arrow:before,.bs-tooltip-start .tooltip-arrow:before{border-left-color:var(--bs-tooltip-bg);border-width:calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width)*.5) 0 calc(var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-width)*.5) var(--bs-tooltip-arrow-height);left:-1px}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=top]>.popover-arrow,.bs-popover-top>.popover-arrow{bottom:calc((var(--bs-popover-arrow-height))*-1 - var(--bs-popover-border-width))}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=top]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=top]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-top>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-top>.popover-arrow:before{border-width:var(--bs-popover-arrow-height) calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*.5) 0}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=top]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-top>.popover-arrow:before{border-top-color:var(--bs-popover-arrow-border);bottom:0}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=top]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-top>.popover-arrow:after{border-top-color:var(--bs-popover-bg);bottom:var(--bs-popover-border-width)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=right]>.popover-arrow,.bs-popover-end>.popover-arrow{height:var(--bs-popover-arrow-width);left:calc((var(--bs-popover-arrow-height))*-1 - var(--bs-popover-border-width));width:var(--bs-popover-arrow-height)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=right]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=right]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-end>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-end>.popover-arrow:before{border-width:calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*.5) var(--bs-popover-arrow-height) calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*.5) 0}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=right]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-end>.popover-arrow:before{border-right-color:var(--bs-popover-arrow-border);left:0}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=right]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-end>.popover-arrow:after{border-right-color:var(--bs-popover-bg);left:var(--bs-popover-border-width)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom]>.popover-arrow,.bs-popover-bottom>.popover-arrow{top:calc((var(--bs-popover-arrow-height))*-1 - var(--bs-popover-border-width))}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-bottom>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-bottom>.popover-arrow:before{border-width:0 calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*.5) var(--bs-popover-arrow-height)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-bottom>.popover-arrow:before{border-bottom-color:var(--bs-popover-arrow-border);top:0}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-bottom>.popover-arrow:after{border-bottom-color:var(--bs-popover-bg);top:var(--bs-popover-border-width)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=bottom] .popover-header:before,.bs-popover-bottom .popover-header:before{border-bottom:var(--bs-popover-border-width) solid var(--bs-popover-header-bg);content:"";display:block;left:50%;margin-left:calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*-.5);position:absolute;top:0;width:var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=left]>.popover-arrow,.bs-popover-start>.popover-arrow{height:var(--bs-popover-arrow-width);right:calc((var(--bs-popover-arrow-height))*-1 - var(--bs-popover-border-width));width:var(--bs-popover-arrow-height)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=left]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=left]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-start>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-start>.popover-arrow:before{border-width:calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*.5) 0 calc(var(--bs-popover-arrow-width)*.5) var(--bs-popover-arrow-height)}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=left]>.popover-arrow:before,.bs-popover-start>.popover-arrow:before{border-left-color:var(--bs-popover-arrow-border);right:0}.bs-popover-auto[data-popper-placement^=left]>.popover-arrow:after,.bs-popover-start>.popover-arrow:after{border-left-color:var(--bs-popover-bg);right:var(--bs-popover-border-width)}.active.carousel-item-end,.carousel-item-next:not(.carousel-item-start){transform:translateX(100%)}.active.carousel-item-start,.carousel-item-prev:not(.carousel-item-end){transform:translateX(-100%)}.carousel-indicators [data-bs-target]{background-clip:padding-box;background-color:#fff;border:0;border-bottom:10px solid transparent;border-top:10px solid transparent;box-sizing:content-box;cursor:pointer;flex:0 1 auto;height:3px;margin-left:3px;margin-right:3px;opacity:.5;padding:0;text-indent:-999px;transition:opacity .6s ease;width:30px}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.carousel-indicators [data-bs-target]{transition:none}}.carousel-dark .carousel-indicators [data-bs-target]{background-color:#000}[data-bs-theme=dark] .carousel .carousel-control-next-icon,[data-bs-theme=dark] .carousel .carousel-control-prev-icon,[data-bs-theme=dark].carousel .carousel-control-next-icon,[data-bs-theme=dark].carousel .carousel-control-prev-icon{filter:invert(1) grayscale(100)}[data-bs-theme=dark] .carousel .carousel-indicators [data-bs-target],[data-bs-theme=dark].carousel .carousel-indicators [data-bs-target]{background-color:#000}[data-bs-theme=dark] .carousel .carousel-caption,[data-bs-theme=dark].carousel .carousel-caption{color:#000}@keyframes spinner-border{to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}@keyframes spinner-grow{0%{transform:scale(0)}50%{opacity:1;transform:none}}@media (max-width:575.98px){}@media (max-width:575.98px) and (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){}@media (max-width:575.98px){.offcanvas-sm.show:not(.hiding),.offcanvas-sm.showing{transform:none}}@media (max-width:767.98px){}@media (max-width:767.98px) and (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){}@media (max-width:767.98px){.offcanvas-md.show:not(.hiding),.offcanvas-md.showing{transform:none}}@media (max-width:991.98px){}@media (max-width:991.98px) and (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){}@media (max-width:991.98px){.offcanvas-lg.show:not(.hiding),.offcanvas-lg.showing{transform:none}}@media (max-width:1199.98px){}@media (max-width:1199.98px) and (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){}@media (max-width:1199.98px){.offcanvas-xl.show:not(.hiding),.offcanvas-xl.showing{transform:none}}@media (max-width:1399.98px){}@media (max-width:1399.98px) and (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){}@media (max-width:1399.98px){.offcanvas-xxl.show:not(.hiding),.offcanvas-xxl.showing{transform:none}}.offcanvas.show:not(.hiding),.offcanvas.showing{transform:none}@keyframes placeholder-glow{50%{opacity:.2}}@keyframes placeholder-wave{to{-webkit-mask-position:-200% 0;mask-position:-200% 0}}[dir=rtl] .slick-slide{float:right}@font-face{font-display:swap;font-family:slick;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/fonts/slick.eot);src:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/fonts/slick.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/fonts/slick.woff) format("woff"),url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/fonts/slick.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/fonts/slick.svg#slick) format("svg")}[dir=rtl] .slick-prev{left:auto;right:-25px}[dir=rtl] .slick-prev:before{content:"→"}[dir=rtl] .slick-next{left:-25px;right:auto}[dir=rtl] .slick-next:before{content:"←"}:root{--white:#fff;--black:#000;--grey-dark:#525860;--grey:#b4b9bf;--grey-light:#f2f3f4;--grey-blue:#506380;--grey-blue-light:#4089c6;--navy:#052049;--blue:#0069e0;--blue-dark:#1b3785;--blue-light:#178ccb;--blue-extra-light:#e2f4fc;--blue-medium:#0f388a;--blue-dark:#1a3785;--teal:#058488;--teal-lighter:#14828c;--green:#6ea400;--green-dark:#3c808a;--orange:#f26d04;--purple:#642b78}.container{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 auto;max-width:1400px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;width:100%}@media screen and (min-width:480px){.container{padding-left:calc(4.04412vw + .58824px);padding-right:calc(4.04412vw + .58824px)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.container{padding-left:42px;padding-right:42px}}:root,[data-bs-theme=light]{--bs-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-purple:#6f42c1;--bs-pink:#d63384;--bs-red:#dc3545;--bs-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-green:#198754;--bs-teal:#20c997;--bs-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-black:#000;--bs-white:#fff;--bs-gray:#6c757d;--bs-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-gray-100:#f8f9fa;--bs-gray-200:#e9ecef;--bs-gray-300:#dee2e6;--bs-gray-400:#ced4da;--bs-gray-500:#adb5bd;--bs-gray-600:#6c757d;--bs-gray-700:#495057;--bs-gray-800:#343a40;--bs-gray-900:#212529;--bs-primary:#0d6efd;--bs-secondary:#6c757d;--bs-success:#198754;--bs-info:#0dcaf0;--bs-warning:#ffc107;--bs-danger:#dc3545;--bs-light:#f8f9fa;--bs-dark:#212529;--bs-primary-rgb:13,110,253;--bs-secondary-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-success-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-info-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-warning-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-danger-rgb:220,53,69;--bs-light-rgb:248,249,250;--bs-dark-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-primary-text-emphasis:#052c65;--bs-secondary-text-emphasis:#2b2f32;--bs-success-text-emphasis:#0a3622;--bs-info-text-emphasis:#055160;--bs-warning-text-emphasis:#664d03;--bs-danger-text-emphasis:#58151c;--bs-light-text-emphasis:#495057;--bs-dark-text-emphasis:#495057;--bs-primary-bg-subtle:#cfe2ff;--bs-secondary-bg-subtle:#e2e3e5;--bs-success-bg-subtle:#d1e7dd;--bs-info-bg-subtle:#cff4fc;--bs-warning-bg-subtle:#fff3cd;--bs-danger-bg-subtle:#f8d7da;--bs-light-bg-subtle:#fcfcfd;--bs-dark-bg-subtle:#ced4da;--bs-primary-border-subtle:#9ec5fe;--bs-secondary-border-subtle:#c4c8cb;--bs-success-border-subtle:#a3cfbb;--bs-info-border-subtle:#9eeaf9;--bs-warning-border-subtle:#ffe69c;--bs-danger-border-subtle:#f1aeb5;--bs-light-border-subtle:#e9ecef;--bs-dark-border-subtle:#adb5bd;--bs-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-font-sans-serif:system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Noto Sans,sans-serif,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue","Noto Sans","Liberation Sans",Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol","Noto Color Emoji";--bs-font-monospace:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,"Liberation Mono","Courier New",monospace;--bs-gradient:linear-gradient(180deg,hsla(0,0%,100%,.15),hsla(0,0%,100%,0));--bs-body-font-family:var(--bs-font-sans-serif);--bs-body-font-size:1rem;--bs-body-font-weight:400;--bs-body-line-height:1.5;--bs-body-color:#212529;--bs-body-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-body-bg:#fff;--bs-body-bg-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-emphasis-color:#000;--bs-emphasis-color-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-secondary-color:rgba(33,37,41,.75);--bs-secondary-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-secondary-bg:#e9ecef;--bs-secondary-bg-rgb:233,236,239;--bs-tertiary-color:rgba(33,37,41,.5);--bs-tertiary-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-tertiary-bg:#f8f9fa;--bs-tertiary-bg-rgb:248,249,250;--bs-heading-color:inherit;--bs-link-color:#0d6efd;--bs-link-color-rgb:13,110,253;--bs-link-decoration:underline;--bs-link-hover-color:#0a58ca;--bs-link-hover-color-rgb:10,88,202;--bs-code-color:#d63384;--bs-highlight-bg:#fff3cd;--bs-border-width:1px;--bs-border-style:solid;--bs-border-color:#dee2e6;--bs-border-color-translucent:rgba(0,0,0,.175);--bs-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-border-radius-sm:0.25rem;--bs-border-radius-lg:0.5rem;--bs-border-radius-xl:1rem;--bs-border-radius-xxl:2rem;--bs-border-radius-2xl:var(--bs-border-radius-xxl);--bs-border-radius-pill:50rem;--bs-box-shadow:0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0,0,0,.15);--bs-box-shadow-sm:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0,0,0,.075);--bs-box-shadow-lg:0 1rem 3rem rgba(0,0,0,.175);--bs-box-shadow-inset:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.075);--bs-focus-ring-width:0.25rem;--bs-focus-ring-opacity:0.25;--bs-focus-ring-color:rgba(13,110,253,.25);--bs-form-valid-color:#198754;--bs-form-valid-border-color:#198754;--bs-form-invalid-color:#dc3545;--bs-form-invalid-border-color:#dc3545}[data-bs-theme=dark]{--bs-body-color:#dee2e6;--bs-body-color-rgb:222,226,230;--bs-body-bg:#212529;--bs-body-bg-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-emphasis-color:#fff;--bs-emphasis-color-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-secondary-color:rgba(222,226,230,.75);--bs-secondary-color-rgb:222,226,230;--bs-secondary-bg:#343a40;--bs-secondary-bg-rgb:52,58,64;--bs-tertiary-color:rgba(222,226,230,.5);--bs-tertiary-color-rgb:222,226,230;--bs-tertiary-bg:#2b3035;--bs-tertiary-bg-rgb:43,48,53;--bs-primary-text-emphasis:#6ea8fe;--bs-secondary-text-emphasis:#a7acb1;--bs-success-text-emphasis:#75b798;--bs-info-text-emphasis:#6edff6;--bs-warning-text-emphasis:#ffda6a;--bs-danger-text-emphasis:#ea868f;--bs-light-text-emphasis:#f8f9fa;--bs-dark-text-emphasis:#dee2e6;--bs-primary-bg-subtle:#031633;--bs-secondary-bg-subtle:#161719;--bs-success-bg-subtle:#051b11;--bs-info-bg-subtle:#032830;--bs-warning-bg-subtle:#332701;--bs-danger-bg-subtle:#2c0b0e;--bs-light-bg-subtle:#343a40;--bs-dark-bg-subtle:#1a1d20;--bs-primary-border-subtle:#084298;--bs-secondary-border-subtle:#41464b;--bs-success-border-subtle:#0f5132;--bs-info-border-subtle:#087990;--bs-warning-border-subtle:#997404;--bs-danger-border-subtle:#842029;--bs-light-border-subtle:#495057;--bs-dark-border-subtle:#343a40;--bs-heading-color:inherit;--bs-link-color:#6ea8fe;--bs-link-hover-color:#8bb9fe;--bs-link-color-rgb:110,168,254;--bs-link-hover-color-rgb:139,185,254;--bs-code-color:#e685b5;--bs-border-color:#495057;--bs-border-color-translucent:hsla(0,0%,100%,.15);--bs-form-valid-color:#75b798;--bs-form-valid-border-color:#75b798;--bs-form-invalid-color:#ea868f;--bs-form-invalid-border-color:#ea868f;color-scheme:dark}.visually-hidden,.visually-hidden-focusable:not(:focus):not(:focus-within){clip:rect(0,0,0,0)!important;border:0!important;height:1px!important;margin:-1px!important;overflow:hidden!important;padding:0!important;white-space:nowrap!important;width:1px!important}.visually-hidden-focusable:not(:focus):not(:focus-within):not(caption),.visually-hidden:not(caption){position:absolute!important}.align-items-center{align-items:center!important}.navbar-dark,.navbar[data-bs-theme=dark]{--bs-navbar-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.55);--bs-navbar-hover-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.75);--bs-navbar-disabled-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.25);--bs-navbar-active-color:#fff;--bs-navbar-brand-color:#fff;--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:#fff;--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.1)}.navbar-dark,.navbar[data-bs-theme=dark],[data-bs-theme=dark] .navbar-toggler-icon{--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3E%3Cpath stroke='rgba(255,255,255,0.55)' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;line-height:1.15}body{margin:0}h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}a{background-color:transparent}abbr[title]{border-bottom:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}img{border-style:none}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button,input{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}[type=button]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=reset]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner,button::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}[type=button]:-moz-focusring,[type=reset]:-moz-focusring,[type=submit]:-moz-focusring,button:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}fieldset{padding:.35em .75em .625em}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal}progress{vertical-align:baseline}textarea{overflow:auto}[type=checkbox],[type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}details{display:block}summary{display:list-item}[hidden],template{display:none}html{box-sizing:border-box}:after,:before{box-sizing:inherit}body{background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--white)}hr{background-color:#ccc;border:0;height:1px;margin-bottom:1.5em}img{height:auto}figure{margin:1em 0}ol,ul{line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 1.5em}ol li,ul li{margin:10px 0}ul{list-style:disc}ol{list-style:decimal}li>ol,li>ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:1.5em}dt{font-weight:700}dd{margin:0 1.5em 1.5em}table{margin:0 0 1.5em;width:100%}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{background:#0069e0;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid #0069e0;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:3px;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.75;line-height:1;padding:.6em 1em .4em}[type=button]:active,[type=button]:focus,[type=button]:hover,[type=reset]:active,[type=reset]:focus,[type=reset]:hover,[type=submit]:active,[type=submit]:focus,[type=submit]:hover,button:active,button:focus,button:hover{border-color:#0069e0;border-color:var(--blue)}[type=button]:focus,[type=reset]:focus,[type=submit]:focus,button:focus{outline:1px dotted!important}input[type=color],input[type=date],input[type=datetime-local],input[type=datetime],input[type=email],input[type=month],input[type=number],input[type=password],input[type=range],input[type=search],input[type=tel],input[type=text],input[type=time],input[type=url],input[type=week]{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:3px;color:#000;color:var(--black);padding:3px}input[type=color]:focus,input[type=date]:focus,input[type=datetime-local]:focus,input[type=datetime]:focus,input[type=email]:focus,input[type=month]:focus,input[type=number]:focus,input[type=password]:focus,input[type=range]:focus,input[type=search]:focus,input[type=tel]:focus,input[type=text]:focus,input[type=time]:focus,input[type=url]:focus,input[type=week]:focus{color:#111}select,textarea{border:1px solid #ccc}textarea{border-radius:3px;color:#666;padding:3px;width:100%}textarea:focus{color:#111}.nf-form-content input:not([type=submit]){color:#000!important;color:var(--black)!important}form .ctct-form-button,form .nf-form-content button,form .nf-form-content input[type=button],form .nf-form-content input[type=submit]{background-color:#0069e0!important;background-color:var(--blue)!important;border:2px solid #0069e0!important;border:2px solid var(--blue)!important;display:inline-block!important;font-weight:700!important;height:50px!important;padding:15px 35px!important;width:auto!important}form .ctct-form-button:focus,form .ctct-form-button:hover,form .nf-form-content button:focus,form .nf-form-content button:hover,form .nf-form-content input[type=button]:focus,form .nf-form-content input[type=button]:hover,form .nf-form-content input[type=submit]:focus,form .nf-form-content input[type=submit]:hover{background-color:#fff!important;background-color:var(--white)!important;color:#0069e0!important;color:var(--blue)!important}body,html{overflow-x:hidden}body{background-color:#f2f3f4;background-color:var(--grey-light)}.site-header{background:#fff;background:var(--white)}.site{position:relative}.wp-caption img[class*=wp-image-]{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}embed,iframe,object{max-width:100%}.custom-logo-link{display:inline-block;padding:1rem 0 .625rem}.custom-logo-link img{height:auto;width:11.5625rem}img{max-width:100%}.screen-reader-text{word-wrap:normal!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px}.screen-reader-text:focus{clip:auto!important;background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--white);border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.6);-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#21759b;display:block;font-size:.875;font-weight:700;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}#content[tabindex="-1"]:focus{outline:0}.entry-content:after:after,.entry-content:before:after,.site-content:after:after,.site-content:before:after,.site-footer:after:after,.site-footer:before:after,.site-header:after:after,.site-header:before:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.entry-content:after,.site-content:after,.site-footer:after,.site-header:after{clear:both}p{margin-bottom:1.5em}b{font-weight:700}u{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}cite,dfn,em,i{font-style:italic}blockquote{margin:0 1.5em}address{margin:0 0 1.5em}pre{background:#eee;font-family:Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;margin-bottom:1.6em;max-width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:1.6em}code,kbd,pre,tt,var{font-size:.9375}abbr,acronym{border-bottom:1px dotted #666;cursor:help}ins,mark{background:#fff9c0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}big,lead{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:400}small{font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400}body,button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:#000;color:var(--black);font-family:Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{clear:both;font-weight:300;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 1rem}h1{font-size:2.5rem;font-weight:700}h2{font-size:2rem}h3{font-size:1.75rem}h4{font-size:1.5rem}h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6{font-size:1rem}.block--accordion .accordion-button:not(.collapsed){background:#e2f4fc;background:var(--blue-extra-light);color:#1a3785;color:var(--blue-dark)}.block--accordion .accordion-button:not(.collapsed):after{transform:rotate(180deg)}.is-layout-flex.wp-block-columns{gap:40px}.block--cta .block__content a:not(.btn){font-weight:700;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.block--cta .block__content a:not(.btn):focus,.block--cta .block__content a:not(.btn):hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}.basic-hero{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end;left:50%;overflow:hidden;padding:8.125rem 0 1.875rem;position:relative;text-align:center;transform:translateX(-50%);width:100vw}@media (min-width:920px){.basic-hero{padding:10.625rem 0 2.5rem;text-align:left}}.page-parent:not(.page-child) .basic-hero{aspect-ratio:1.86/1;max-height:750px}.basic-hero .container{position:relative;z-index:2}.basic-hero .container h1{background-color:#0f388a;background-color:var(--blue-medium);color:#fff;color:var(--white);display:inline-block;font-size:2.125rem;margin:0;padding:.1875rem 1rem}@media (min-width:920px){.basic-hero .container h1{font-size:2.5rem}}.basic-hero .background-image img{height:100%;left:0;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-o-object-position:center;object-position:center;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%}.block--newsletter nf-fields-wrap nf-field input[type=submit]{border-radius:0;font-weight:700;padding:15px 35px;width:100%}@media (min-width:920px){.block--newsletter nf-fields-wrap nf-field input[type=submit]{width:auto}}@media (max-width:575.98px){}@media (max-width:991.98px){}.cta-modal__modal-inner form input[type=submit]{background-color:#000;background-color:var(--black);border:2px solid #000;border:2px solid var(--black);border-radius:2px;color:#fff;color:var(--white);display:inline-block;font-size:.8125rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;margin:2.1875rem 0;padding:9px 30px 8px;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;transition:all .2s ease-in-out}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.cta-modal__modal-inner form input[type=submit]{transition:none}}.cta-modal__modal-inner form input[type=submit]:focus,.cta-modal__modal-inner form input[type=submit]:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#000;color:var(--black);-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button){list-style-type:none;padding:0}.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button):first-child{border-top:2px solid #0069e0;border-top:2px solid var(--blue)}.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button) a{border-bottom:2px solid #0069e0;border-bottom:2px solid var(--blue);color:#6610f2;display:block;font-weight:600!important;line-height:1.5;padding:15px 0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;transition:all .2s ease-in-out}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button) a{transition:none}}.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button) a:focus,.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button) a:hover{background-color:rgba(13,110,253,.1);color:#6610f2;font-weight:600!important;padding:15px}.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button) a.active{background-color:#0069e0;background-color:var(--blue);color:#fff;color:var(--white);font-weight:600!important;padding:15px}.block--grouping-nav ul li:not(.button).active a{background-color:#0069e0;background-color:var(--blue);color:#fff;color:var(--white);font-weight:600!important;padding:15px}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .card__content{border-bottom:1px solid #b4b9bf;border-bottom:1px solid var(--grey);display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;margin:0 0 1.25rem 1.125rem;padding:0 0 1.875rem}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .card__title{margin-top:0;max-width:82%}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .card__title a{font-weight:700}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .card__meta{justify-content:flex-start}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .card__meta .card__label{font-weight:400;text-transform:none}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .square{display:none}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .btn--link{align-items:center;bottom:50%;display:flex;font-size:0;height:2.5rem;justify-content:center;margin:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;width:2.5rem}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .btn--link:hover{background-color:#0069e0;background-color:var(--blue)}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card:not(:first-child) .btn--link:hover:after{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/arrow-right-white.svg)}.block--cards-featured .cards--post .card.has-category:not(:first-child) .card__date:before{content:"•";display:inline-block;margin-right:.625rem;position:relative}.site-info{align-items:center;border-top:1px solid #506380;border-top:1px solid var(--grey-blue);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:.875rem;gap:20px;margin:2.5rem 0 0;padding:1.25rem 0 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:920px){.site-info{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between}}.site-info .footer-copyright{opacity:.8}a{font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}a,a:active,a:focus,a:hover{color:#0069e0;color:var(--blue)}a:active,a:focus,a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}a:focus{outline:thin dotted}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}.entry-content p a:not(.btn),.entry-content ul:not(.link__list) a{font-weight:700}:focus{outline:thin dotted}.nav-with-search{display:flex}.main-navigation{clear:both;display:block;width:100%}.main-navigation ul{display:none;list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul{display:flex;justify-content:flex-end}}.main-navigation ul ul{display:block}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--white);box-shadow:0 8px 16px 0 rgba(23,15,73,.03),0 10px 14px 0 rgba(74,58,255,.01);float:left;left:-999em;position:absolute;top:calc(100% + 3px);z-index:99999}}.main-navigation ul ul ul.sub-menu{box-shadow:none;left:auto;padding-top:0;position:relative;right:auto}.main-navigation ul ul ul.sub-menu li a{font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400;padding-left:2.1875rem}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul ul ul.sub-menu li a{padding-left:.3125rem}}.main-navigation ul ul a{font-size:1rem;padding-left:20px}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul ul a{padding-left:10px;width:230px}}.main-navigation ul li{margin:0;position:relative}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul li{border-bottom:3px solid transparent;margin:0 12px}.main-navigation ul li.current-page-ancestor,.main-navigation ul li:focus,.main-navigation ul li:hover{border-bottom:3px solid #0069e0;border-bottom:3px solid var(--blue)}}.main-navigation ul li:hover>ul{left:auto;right:0}.main-navigation ul li a:focus,.main-navigation ul li a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul li a{align-items:center;display:flex;height:4.6875rem}.main-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children{margin:0 12px}}.main-navigation ul .sub-menu{padding:0 1.25rem .9375rem .625rem}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul .sub-menu{padding:2.625rem 1.25rem .9375rem}}.main-navigation ul .sub-menu li{border-bottom:0;margin:0}.main-navigation ul .sub-menu li:hover{border-bottom:0}.main-navigation ul .sub-menu li a{font-weight:500;height:auto}.main-navigation ul .sub-menu li a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.main-navigation ul a{color:#052049;color:var(--navy);display:block;font-weight:500;padding:10px 0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul a{padding:10px 0}}.main-navigation ul a:focus,.main-navigation ul a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.main-navigation .menu-close{display:none}.main-navigation .menu-toggle{background-color:transparent;border:0;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-top:0;padding:5px 10px 10px}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle{display:none}}.site-footer{background-color:#052049;background-color:var(--navy);color:#fff;color:var(--white);font-size:.875rem;padding-bottom:40px;padding-top:80px}.site-footer p{margin-bottom:0}.site-footer .container{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:40px}@media (min-width:920px){.site-footer .container{display:flex;flex-wrap:nowrap}}@media (min-width:1250px){.site-footer .container{gap:60px}}.site-footer .footer-logo{display:block;margin-bottom:18px;max-height:57px}.site-footer .footer-logo img{height:57px;max-width:none;width:auto}.site-footer .footercol--1{flex-basis:100%}@media (min-width:920px){.site-footer .footercol--1{flex-basis:17.75rem}}.site-footer .footercol--2{flex-grow:1}.site-footer .footercol--3{flex-basis:100%}@media (min-width:920px){.site-footer .footercol--3{flex-basis:22.5rem}}.site-footer .footer-contacts-header,.site-footer h2{font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.6px;margin-bottom:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase}.site-footer ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.site-footer a:not(.footer-logo){color:#fff;color:var(--white);opacity:.9}.site-footer a:not(.footer-logo):hover{opacity:1}.site-footer .footer-menu{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:30px}@media (min-width:1250px){.site-footer .footer-menu{gap:100px}}.site-footer .footer-menu .footer-menu-wrap{flex-basis:100%}@media (min-width:920px){.site-footer .footer-menu .footer-menu-wrap{flex-basis:auto;max-width:270px}}.site-footer .footer-social-icons{align-items:center;margin-bottom:2.5rem;margin-left:0}.site-footer .footer-social-icons p{flex-basis:auto;padding-right:1.25rem}@media (min-width:920px){.site-footer .footer-contacts{display:flex;gap:2.5rem}}.site-footer .footer-contacts p{margin:0 0 .625rem}.menu-top-utility{background-color:#052049;background-color:var(--navy);color:#fff;color:var(--white);display:flex;width:100%}@media (min-width:783px){.menu-top-utility{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}.menu-top-utility-container{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-direction:row;justify-content:space-between;min-height:2.5rem}.menu-top-utility-container .top-utility-text{font-family:Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400;margin:0;padding:.59375rem 0}.menu-top-utility-container .top-utility-text a{color:#fff;color:var(--white)}.menu-top-utility-container .top-utility-text a:focus,.menu-top-utility-container .top-utility-text a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.menu-top-utility-container .top-utility-menu{align-items:center;display:none;flex-direction:row}@media (min-width:920px){.menu-top-utility-container .top-utility-menu{display:flex}}.secondary-navigation{align-items:center;background:#fff;background:var(--white);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin-bottom:1.25rem;min-height:3.375rem;padding:1.125rem 0;position:relative}@media (min-width:920px){.secondary-navigation{min-height:4.375rem;padding:0}}.secondary-navigation:after{background:#fff;background:var(--white);box-shadow:0 4px 20px 0 hsla(0,4%,71%,.25);content:"";height:100%;left:-100vw;position:absolute;top:0;width:200vw;z-index:-1}.secondary-navigation ul{display:flex;flex-direction:column;font-size:1.125rem;gap:1.25rem;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}@media (min-width:920px){.secondary-navigation ul{flex-direction:row;gap:2.875rem}}.secondary-navigation ul li{margin:0}.secondary-navigation ul li a{color:#052049;color:var(--navy);padding:.625rem 0}@media (min-width:920px){.secondary-navigation ul li a{padding:1.4375rem 0}}.secondary-navigation ul li a:focus,.secondary-navigation ul li a:hover{border-bottom:2px solid #0069e0;border-bottom:2px solid var(--blue);color:#0069e0;color:var(--blue);-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}.secondary-navigation ul li.current_page_ancestor a{border-bottom:2px solid #0069e0;border-bottom:2px solid var(--blue);color:#0069e0;color:var(--blue);font-weight:700}.secondary-navigation .expand-collapse{align-items:center;background:transparent;border:0;display:flex;font-size:.75rem;padding:.75rem .375rem;position:absolute;right:-.375rem;top:.375rem}@media (min-width:920px){.secondary-navigation .expand-collapse{display:none}}.secondary-navigation .expand-collapse .expand-nav{display:none}.secondary-navigation .expand-collapse svg{margin-left:.75rem;transform:rotate(180deg)}.footer-social-icons{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin:0 0 0 2.625rem;position:relative;z-index:1}.footer-social-icons p{flex-basis:100%;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:0}.footer-social-icons a{background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:24px;border-bottom:2px solid transparent;display:block;height:1.75rem;padding:20px 10px;position:relative;transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:1.75rem}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.footer-social-icons a{transition:none}}.footer-social-icons a:last-child{margin-right:0}.footer-social-icons a:focus,.footer-social-icons a:hover{border-color:#fff;border-color:var(--white)}.footer-social-icons a:focus{outline:thin dotted}.footer-social-icons .icon--instagram{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/instagram.svg)}.footer-social-icons .icon--facebook{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/facebook.svg);background-size:auto 24px}.footer-social-icons .icon--twitter{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/twitter.svg)}.footer-social-icons .icon--linkedin{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/linkedin.svg)}.footer-social-icons .icon--youtube{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/youtube.svg)}.page{margin:0}.updated:not(.published){display:none}#search-modal .search-modal__close{background:transparent;border:0;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;height:20px;padding:0;position:absolute;right:1rem;top:1rem;width:20px;z-index:1}#search-modal .search-modal__close:after{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/menu-close.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;content:"";display:inline-block;height:20px;width:20px}#search-modal .searchform{display:flex;justify-content:center;margin:3rem 0 1rem;width:100%}#search-modal .searchform__input{background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--white);border:0;border-bottom-left-radius:50px;border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:50px;border-top-right-radius:0;max-width:700px;padding:10px 50px 10px 20px;width:100%}#search-modal .searchform__button{background-color:#fff;background-color:var(--white);border:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:50%;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:50%;display:block;height:2.8125rem;margin-left:-1px;position:relative;transition:all .2s ease-in-out;width:2.8125rem}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){#search-modal .searchform__button{transition:none}}#search-modal .searchform__button:before{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/mag-glass-black.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;bottom:.375rem;content:"";height:1.875rem;left:.4375rem;position:absolute;width:1.875rem}#search-modal .searchform__button:focus,#search-modal .searchform__button:hover{background-color:#000;background-color:var(--black);box-shadow:none}#search-modal .searchform__button:focus:before,#search-modal .searchform__button:hover:before{background-image:url(https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/css/../static/images/mag-glass.svg)}.toc .item--link{color:#052049;color:var(--navy);display:block;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:1rem}.toc .item--link:hover{color:#0069e0;color:var(--blue);-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline}.toc .widget-title{align-items:center;color:#052049;color:var(--navy);display:flex;font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:700;gap:.8125rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;text-transform:uppercase}.toc .widget-title:after{background-color:#052049;background-color:var(--navy);content:"";display:block;height:1px;position:relative;width:3.75rem}.toc ul{list-style:none;margin-bottom:2.5rem;padding:0}.toc li:first-child .widget-title{margin-top:0}[v-cloak] .show-only-while-app-is-loading{display:block}[v-cloak] .hide-while-app-is-loading{display:none}.ighs-ap-dir .form-group label:not(.form-control){display:block}.ighs-ap-dir .form-check-input[type=checkbox]{border:1px solid}.ighs-ap-dir #people-table tr:not(:last-child){border-bottom:1px solid #9ba6b6}.ighs-ap-dir [type=button]{background-color:transparent;line-height:1.5;padding:.375rem .75rem}aside{display:none}@media (min-width:920px){aside{display:block;width:18.625rem}}aside .wp-block-heading{color:#052049;color:var(--navy);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:300}</style> <script data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" data-phast-params='{"ref":"y6Sg6TecN9w"}' data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" data-phast-params='{"ref":"VNW048rWrWw"}' data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/2246" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.4.3" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/?p=2246' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Feducation%2Fphd%2Fadmissions%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Feducation%2Fphd%2Fadmissions%2F&format=xml" /> <script type="text/javascript" data-phast-no-defer="">console.log("%cOptimized with %cPhastPress%c %s\nhttps:\/\/wordpress.org\/plugins\/phastpress\/","font-family:helvetica,sans-serif","font-family:helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:bold","font-family:helvetica,sans-serif","3.6")</script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript">var dataLayer_content={"pagePostType":"page","pagePostType2":"single-page","pagePostAuthor":"geoff"};dataLayer.push(dataLayer_content);</script> <script data-cfasync="false">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WWL4WDXS');</script> <script data-cfasync="false">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-THD4698');</script> <link rel="icon" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/favicon-3.jpg" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/favicon-3.jpg" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/favicon-3.jpg" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/favicon-3.jpg" /> <style id="wp-custom-css">#post-1856 .block--accordion .accordion-body li{margin-bottom:1rem;}.ctct-form-embed.form_5 .ctct-form-defaults{background-color:inherit !important;}div.ctct-form-embed div.ctct-form-defaults h2.ctct-form-header{color:inherit;font:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:300 !important;font-size:34px !important;line-height:1.235 !important;color:#6C247C !important;}div.ctct-form-embed form.ctct-form-custom .ctct-form-required::before{content:"\2217" !important;}form .ctct-form-button{color:#fff !important;}.below-home-hero + .block--cards{margin-top:3.3125rem;}@media (min-width:920px){.block--popular-topics__links{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);flex-wrap:unset;flex-basis:unset;}.block--popular-topics__links .btn{width:100%;}}.card--event .card__date .day{font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1.125em;font-weight:700;}.block--highlight .bg{background-position:top left;}@media (min-width:783px){.block--highlight .bg{background-position:50%;}}.block--resources .block--resources__icon{height:auto;}.block--resources article:last-child .block--resources__icon{margin-bottom:0;}.pagination .nav-links{flex-wrap:wrap;}.page-id-6142 .block--newsletter .block__right{height:20rem;}.page-id-6142 .block--newsletter{padding:0;margin:0;}.page-id-6142 .block--newsletter .block__left{background-color:var(--white);}.page-id-6142 .block--newsletter .bg{background-position:25%;}.toc .active--link{color:var(--blue);}.custom-logo-link{padding:1.3125em 0;}.main-navigation .nav-menu{padding:0;}.main-navigation.toggled{top:8.75rem;}.h4,.h4--mimic,h4{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:500;}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul li.current-menu-item,.main-navigation ul li.current-menu-parent,.main-navigation ul li.current-page-ancestor,.main-navigation ul li:focus,.main-navigation ul li:hover{border-bottom:6px solid #0069e0;border-bottom:6px solid var(--blue);}}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul a{padding:10px 0 4px;}}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul ul{top:calc(100% + 6px);}}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul li{border-bottom:6px solid transparent;}}@media (min-width:783px){.main-navigation ul li a{height:6.25rem;}}.main-navigation ul .sub-menu li{border-bottom:0;margin:0;}h2.wp-block-heading,.block--stylized-cols h2,.block--cards h2.block__title{font-size:34px;line-height:1.235;color:#6C247C;}h3.wp-block-heading{font-size:26px;line-height:1.423;}p.has-large-font-size{line-height:1.375;}.block--accordion .accordion-button{color:#6C247C;line-height:1.5;}.block--accordion{padding-bottom:1.5em;}.wp-block-quote{margin-bottom:2.5rem;}.wp-block-quote cite{padding-left:1.5rem;display:block;}figcaption{color:#6C247C;font-weight:500;}.floatleft > img{margin-right:1.5em;}.floatright > img{margin-left:1.5em;}.block--programs__content .btn{text-align:initial;}iframe{margin:0 0 1.5rem;}.entry-content ol:not(.link__list) a{font-weight:700;}.is-layout-flex.wp-block-columns{gap:60px;}.block--programs article .block--programs__content .h2,.block--programs article .block--programs__content h2{line-height:1.2;}.block--highlight .block__content ul li{padding-left:0;}@media (min-width:920px){.secondary-navigation{margin-bottom:3.125rem;}.page-id-1458 .secondary-navigation{margin-bottom:1.25rem;}}.capstones-schedule td:first-of-type{width:18ch;}#map{height:40rem;}.btn.btn--link{font-weight:500;}@media (min-width:783px){.block--newsletter .block__left{flex-basis:50%;margin-right:0;}}@media (min-width:783px){.block--newsletter .block__right{flex-basis:50%;}}.card--page .card__content{grid-template-rows:calc((37px * 2) + 38px) auto auto;}@media (min-width:576px){.card--page .card__content{grid-template-rows:calc((37px * 4) + 38px) auto auto;}}@media (min-width:783px){.card--page .card__content{grid-template-rows:calc((37px * 2) + 38px) auto auto;}}.card--page .card__meta{padding:0;}.card--page .card__title{align-self:flex-end;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}.card--page h3.card__title,.card--page .card__title > a{font-size:26px;line-height:37px;line-height:1.423;}.card--page .btn{margin-bottom:1.5rem;}.btn.btn--default{margin-bottom:1.5rem;}.block--programs article{align-items:normal;}</style> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-2246 page-child parent-pageid-63 wp-custom-logo"> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header"> <div class="menu-top-utility"> <div class="container"> <div class="menu-top-utility-container"> <div class="top-utility-text"> University of California San Francisco </div> <div class="top-utility-menu"> <div class="footer-social-icons"> <a href="https://twitter.com/IGHSatUCSF" target="_blank" class="icon--twitter" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open twitter in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/GlobalHealthAtUCSF/" target="_blank" class="icon--facebook" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open facebook in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/IGHSatUCSF/" target="_blank" class="icon--instagram" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open instagram in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnPZ_6m590SMAozac0b8VZg" target="_blank" class="icon--youtube" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open youtube in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ucsf-institute-for-global-health-sciences" target="_blank" class="icon--linkedin" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open linkedin in a new window</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row align-items-center"> <div class="col-7 col-md-3"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img loading="lazy" width="430" height="133" src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ighs-navy-logo.svg" class="custom-logo" alt="UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="col-5 col-md-9 align-items-center nav-with-search"> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation" aria-label="Main"> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle Menu"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span> <svg class="burger" width="30" height="20" viewBox="0 0 30 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <rect width="30" height="4" fill="black"/> <rect y="8" width="30" height="4" fill="black"/> <rect y="16" width="30" height="4" fill="black"/> </svg> <svg class="menu-close" width="26" height="26" viewBox="0 0 26 26" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <rect x="3.80664" y="1" width="30" height="4" transform="rotate(45 3.80664 1)" fill="#333333"/> <rect x="0.979492" y="22" width="30" height="4" transform="rotate(-45 0.979492 22)" fill="#333333"/> </svg> </button> <ul id="primary-menu" class="navmenu"><li id="menu-item-69" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-69"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/">Education</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-73" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-73"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/masters/">Master’s</a></li> <li id="menu-item-72" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-72"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/">PhD</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1933" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1933"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/global-reach/">Global REACH</a></li> <li id="menu-item-70" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-70"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/training-programs/">Training Programs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6989" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6989"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/global-scholars/">Global Scholars</a></li> <li id="menu-item-74" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-74"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/alumni/">Alumni</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-75" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-75"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/">Our Work</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-79" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/areas-of-expertise/">Areas of Expertise</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1863" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1863"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/health-challenges/">Health Challenges</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5790" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5790"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/our-impact/">Our Impact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-76" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-76"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/where-we-work/">Where We Work</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1860" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1860"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/">Get Involved</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1861" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1861"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/news/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2498" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2498"><a href="/events">Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3214" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3214"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/grand-rounds/">Grand Rounds</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1862" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1862"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/affiliate-program/">Join the Affiliate Program</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1934" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1934"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/support-our-work/">Support Our Work</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6158" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6158"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1931"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/resources/">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1932"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/resources/publications/">Publications</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5310" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5310"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/resources/tools/">Tools</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5311" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5311"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/resources/ucsf-resources/">UCSF Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-5312" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5312"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/resources/video-courses/">Video Courses</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1461" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1461"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/">About Us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-2049" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2049"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/our-centers/">Our Centers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2697" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2697"><a href="/people">Our People</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1866" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1866"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/our-history/">Our History</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1865" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1865"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/diversity-equity-and-inclusion/">Diversity, Equity and Inclusion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1864" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1864"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4852" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4852"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content container"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article id="post-2246" class="post-2246 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <header class="entry-header basic-hero"> <div class="container"> <h1>Admissions</h1> </div> <div class="background-image"> <img src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation.png&cacheMarker=1696375709-227875&token=5b22f3ed1cc75b4f" srcset="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation.png&cacheMarker=1696375709-227875&token=5b22f3ed1cc75b4f 3438w, https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation-300x50.png&cacheMarker=1696375709-5622&token=430a6d843c73e66c 300w, https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation-1024x171.png&cacheMarker=1696375709-76634&token=241b5a8e3494a1ea 1024w, https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation-768x128.png&cacheMarker=1696375710-49994&token=2b9ba9eb85c1e65d 768w, https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation-1536x257.png&cacheMarker=1696375710-138833&token=b672bf6f43153ab3 1536w, https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F10%2FEducation-2048x343.png&cacheMarker=1696375710-210768&token=f74898be62c0550d 2048w" loading="lazy" width="3438" height="575" class="attachment-full size-full" alt decoding="async" sizes="(max-width: 3438px) 100vw, 3438px" /> </div> </header> <nav class="secondary-navigation" aria-label="Secondary navigation"> <button class="expand-collapse" id="expand-collapse" aria-controls="secondary-navigation" aria-expanded="true"> <span class="collapse-nav">Collapse</span> <span class="expand-nav">Expand</span> <svg width="12" height="8" viewBox="0 0 12 8" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M11 0.994797L6 5.9948L1.25 0.994797" stroke="black" stroke-width="2"/> </svg> </button> <ul id="secondary-navigation" aria-expanded="true"><li class="page_item page-item-61 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/masters/">Master’s</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-63 page_item_has_children current_page_ancestor current_page_parent"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/">PhD</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-1921 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/global-reach/">Global REACH</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-67 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/training-programs/">Training Programs</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-6980"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/global-scholars/">Global Scholars</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-59"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/alumni/">Alumni</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="content-sidebar-wrap"> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"> <nav class="toc" aria-label="PhD menu"> <ul> <li><h3 class="widget-title">PhD</h3></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/admissions/" class="item item--link">Admissions</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/curriculum/" class="item item--link">Curriculum</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/faculty-and-staff/" class="item item--link">Faculty and Staff</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/financing-your-education/" class="item item--link">Financing Your Education</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/frequently-asked-questions/" class="item item--link">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/phd-student-profiles/" class="item item--link">PhD Student Profiles</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/program-structure/" class="item item--link">Program Structure</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/which-phd-program-is-right-for-me/" class="item item--link">Which PhD Program Is Right for Me?</a></li> <li><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Updated-Aug-2024-PhD-Student-Handbook.pdf" class="item item--link">2024 PhD Student Handbook</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Admissions Criteria</h2> <p>Applicants must have the following qualifications to apply:</p> <ul> <li>A master’s degree or terminal professional degree with at least a 3.0 GPA</li> <li>At least two years of experience working in global health and/or with underserved populations</li> <li>Prior exposure to scientific research</li> </ul> <p>The program places a very high value on the diversity of students who matriculate and reviews all applicants in a holistic manner. Applicants who come from traditionally underrepresented populations and students who have faced hardships are encouraged to apply. See our <a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/diversity-equity-and-inclusion/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-in-education/">Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Education</a> statement.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">How to Apply</h2> <p>Submit the following required materials to the <a href="https://gradapp.ucsf.edu/register/apply">UCSF Graduate Division online application</a>, where you will find more detailed instructions:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Three letters of recommendation:</strong> All recommendations must be submitted electronically via the <a href="https://gradapp.ucsf.edu/register/apply">UCSF application</a>. Contact your recommenders to ensure they receive the automated email request (in case it goes to a junk or spam folder) and they submit their letters before the deadline. You can monitor the status of your recommendations on your application.</li> <li><strong>Résumé or curriculum vitae: </strong>Summarize your education, professional experience, publications, languages spoken, honors and awards, local and international experience, extracurricular interests, and special skills.</li> <li><strong>Statement of Purpose (1 page, single spaced, minimum 11-point font):</strong> Address your reasons for applying to the UCSF PhD program in Global Health Sciences, describe why you chose the field of global health for your doctorate, and describe your professional and academic goals.</li> <li><strong>Transcripts from all academic institutions you attended:</strong> Upload unofficial transcripts from each institution you attended, even if you did not receive a degree. If you have transcripts from institutions outside of the United States, also upload an unofficial copy of your World Education Services (WES) credential evaluation. The program does not require official transcripts until admission. See additional details on the <a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/phd/frequently-asked-questions/">FAQ page</a>.</li> <li><strong>Application fee:</strong> U.S. citizens or permanent residents may qualify for an application fee waiver. See guidelines on <a href="http://graduate.ucsf.edu/application-fee-waivers">Application Fee Waivers</a> to determine eligibility for this exemption. To request the waiver, select the “application fee waiver” option in the payment area of the online application.</li> <li><strong>Test scores:</strong> Graduate-level tests are not required for entry to this program, but if you have taken the GRE you may choose to self-report your scores. To do so, you may email a copy of your score report to <a href="mailto:education.globalhealth@ucsf.edu">education.globalhealth@ucsf.edu</a>. You do <em>not</em> need to send official GRE score reports to UCSF through the GRE system.</li> <li><strong>TOEFL or IELTS scores:</strong> If you are a non-native English speaker, you must demonstrate English proficiency in one of three ways: <ol> <li>Submit an official transcript showing you completed at least one year of full-time academic coursework at an accredited college or university in the United States with a minimum GPA of 3.0.</li> <li>Submit an official transcript showing you completed either your bachelor’s or graduate degree or the equivalent from an accredited, English-speaking college or university with a minimum GPA of 3.0.</li> <li>Submit <a href="https://www.ets.org/toefl">TOEFL</a> or <a href="http://www.ielts.org/">IELTS</a> scores that are no more than two years old. Please submit official scores to UCSF’s institutional code <strong>4840</strong> and email a copy of your score report to <a href="mailto:education.globalhealth@ucsf.edu">education.globalhealth@ucsf.edu</a>. The program accepts the following minimum scores based on the type of test:Test Type Minimum Score Paper-based TOEFL 550 Computer-based TOEFL 213 Internet-based TOEFL iBT 80 IELTS 7</li> </ol> </li> </ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Student Success and Wellness</h2> <p>Success in graduate school requires care and attention to all aspects of your life: health and wellness, community, career development, personal and professional relationships, and security and safety. UCSF is committed to providing a full range of resources and services to help you succeed. Learn more about these resources by visiting our <a href="http://success.ucsf.edu/">Student Success website</a>.</p> <p>Student Disability Services (SDS) is available to assist you in obtaining the services and accommodations you require to ensure equal access to all aspects of the UCSF experience. Early communication with the relevant administrators is critical to successful partnership in arranging accommodations. SDS will coordinate communications and procedures with you and the graduate faculty and programs. Please visit the <a href="http://sds.ucsf.edu/">SDS website</a> and review their <a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/student-disability-services-info-2017.pdf">information sheet</a> to learn more.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Timeline</h2> <p><strong>September 15, 2024</strong><br>Application opens for the 2025-2026 academic year</p> <p><strong>December 13, 2024</strong><br>Application deadline</p> <p><strong>September 2025</strong><br>Admitted students begin courses</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Information Session</h2> <iframe loading="lazy" width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ytE69-71q6M?si=vii-gkza5iv7oR16" title="PhD in Global Health Sciences Information Session" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe> <p>Watch our latest Information Session<br><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ytE69-71q6M">Watch on YouTube</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </main> </div> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="footercol footercol--1"> <a class="footer-logo" href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu"> <img src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F09%2FScreenshot-2023-08-31-at-3.39.25-PM.png&cacheMarker=1695136469-80618&token=3d26582a7786e0ff" srcset="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F09%2FScreenshot-2023-08-31-at-3.39.25-PM.png&cacheMarker=1695136469-80618&token=3d26582a7786e0ff 722w, https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/plugins/phastpress/phast.php?service=images&src=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F09%2FScreenshot-2023-08-31-at-3.39.25-PM-300x99.png&cacheMarker=1695136469-20373&token=c53f7ace403480b0 300w" width="722" height="238" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="UCSF Institute for Global Sciences" decoding="async" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px" /> </a> <div class="footer-address"> <p>UCSF<br /> Institute for Global Health Sciences,<br /> Box 1224<br /> 550 16th St., Floor 3<br /> San Francisco, CA 94143</p> </div> </div> <div class="footercol footercol--2"> <nav class="footer-menu" aria-label="Footer Quicklinks"> <div class="footer-menu-wrap"> <h2>Popular</h2> <ul id="menu-popular" class="footer-nav"><li id="menu-item-2038" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-2038"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/education/">Education</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2039" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2039"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/news/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7011"><a href="/events">Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2037" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2037"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7012" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7012"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/about-us/our-centers/">Our Centers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2040" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2040"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/get-involved/affiliate-program/">Join the Affiliate Program</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-menu-wrap"> <h2>Areas of Expertise</h2> <ul id="menu-areas-of-expertise" class="footer-nav"><li id="menu-item-1969" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1969"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/areas-of-expertise/clinical-excellence-and-training/">Clinical Excellence and Training</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1970" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1970"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/areas-of-expertise/data-and-informatics/">Data and Informatics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1971" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1971"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/areas-of-expertise/innovation-and-research/">Innovation and Research</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1972"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/areas-of-expertise/policy-advocacy-and-diplomacy/">Policy, Advocacy and Diplomacy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1973"><a href="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/our-work/areas-of-expertise/strengthening-health-systems/">Strengthening Health Systems</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="footercol footercol--3"> <div class="footer-social-icons"> <p class="social__title">Follow Us</p> <a href="https://twitter.com/IGHSatUCSF" target="_blank" class="icon--twitter" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open twitter in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/GlobalHealthAtUCSF/" target="_blank" class="icon--facebook" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open facebook in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/IGHSatUCSF/" target="_blank" class="icon--instagram" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open instagram in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnPZ_6m590SMAozac0b8VZg" target="_blank" class="icon--youtube" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open youtube in a new window</span> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ucsf-institute-for-global-health-sciences" target="_blank" class="icon--linkedin" rel="noopener nofollow" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Open linkedin in a new window</span> </a> </div> <div class="footer-contacts"> <p class="footer-contacts-header">Contacts</p> <div class="contact-info"> <p class="tel"><a href="tel:415-476-5494">Call us at 415-476-5494</a></p> <p class="email"><a href="mailto:communications@globalhealth.ucsf.edu">communications@globalhealth.ucsf.edu</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="site-info"> <div class="footer-copyright"> <div>© 2024 The Regents of The University of California</div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="search-modal" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <button type="button" class="search-modal__close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> <div class="modal-body"> <form method="get" class="searchform" action="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu" role="search"> <input aria-label="Search field" class="searchform__input" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Type a word or phrase"> <button class="searchform__button" type="submit" role="button" aria-label="Submit"><span class="screen-reader-text">Search the site.</span></button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast">(function(){var sz=document.createElement('script');sz.type='text/javascript';sz.async=true;sz.src='//siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_8343.js';var s=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(sz,s);})();</script> <style id="core-block-supports-inline-css">.wp-container-core-columns-layout-1.wp-container-core-columns-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}</style> <script data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/js/vendor.f6c38d4a0bbae5a4b243.js?ver=1.0.0" data-phast-params='{"ref":"VnExaozIVds"}' data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast" id="kanopi-pack-vendor-js"></script> <script data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/js/runtime.bf7791cd35eecd45138e.js?ver=1.0.0" data-phast-params='{"ref":"vaa3HolrF-E"}' data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast" id="kanopi-pack-runtime-js"></script> <script data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/dist/js/legacy.cf9782f5101f2e1e5392.js?ver=1.0.0" data-phast-params='{"ref":"BjpaauGtTcE"}' data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast" id="kanopi-pack-legacy-js"></script> <script data-phast-original-src="https://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/wp-content/themes/custom/ucsf/assets/src/js/ighs/menu-active-links.js?ver=6.4.3" data-phast-params='{"ref":"hi7nsplopCM"}' data-phast-original-type="text/javascript" type="text/phast" data-phast-defer id="menu-active-links-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/phast">var _ctct_m = "4bc208f16f390fe4726e11d0a67cc221";</script> <script type="text/phast" id="signupScript" src="//static.ctctcdn.com/js/signup-form-widget/current/signup-form-widget.min.js" async defer></script> <script data-phast-compiled-js-names="ScriptsProxyService/rewrite-function.js,CSSInlining/ie-fallback.js,CSSInlining/inlined-css-retriever.js,ScriptsDeferring/scripts-loader.js,ScriptsDeferring/rewrite.js">(function phastScripts(phast){phast.scripts=[(function(){phast.config=JSON.parse(atob(phast.config));while(phast.scripts.length){phast.scripts.shift()()} }),(function(){(function(a,b){typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"?module.exports=b():typeof define==="function"&&define.amd?define(b):a.ES6Promise=b()})(phast,function(){"use strict";function c(ia){var ja=typeof ia;return ia!==null&&(ja==="object"||ja==="function")}function d(ka){return typeof ka==="function"}var e=void 0;if(Array.isArray){e=Array.isArray}else{e=function(la){return Object.prototype.toString.call(la)==="[object Array]"}}var f=e;var g=0;var h=void 0;var i=void 0;var j=function ma(na,oa){w[g]=na;w[g+1]=oa;g+=2;if(g===2){if(i){i(x)}else{z()}}};function k(pa){i=pa}function l(qa){j=qa}var m=typeof window!=="undefined"?window:undefined;var n=m||{};var o=n.MutationObserver||n.WebKitMutationObserver;var p=typeof self==="undefined"&&typeof process!=="undefined"&&{}.toString.call(process)==="[object process]";var q=typeof Uint8ClampedArray!=="undefined"&&typeof importScripts!=="undefined"&&typeof MessageChannel!=="undefined";function r(){return function(){return process.nextTick(x)}}function s(){if(typeof h!=="undefined"){return function(){h(x)}}return v()}function t(){var ra=0;var sa=new o(x);var ta=document.createTextNode("");sa.observe(ta,{characterData:true});return function(){ta.data=ra=++ra%2}}function u(){var ua=new MessageChannel;ua.port1.onmessage=x;return function(){return ua.port2.postMessage(0)}}function v(){var va=setTimeout;return function(){return va(x,1)}}var w=new Array(1e3);function x(){for(var wa=0;wa<g;wa+=2){var xa=w[wa];var ya=w[wa+1];xa(ya);w[wa]=undefined;w[wa+1]=undefined}g=0}function y(){try{var za=Function("return this")().require("vertx");h=za.runOnLoop||za.runOnContext;return s()}catch(Aa){return v()}}var z=void 0;if(p){z=r()}else if(o){z=t()}else if(q){z=u()}else if(m===undefined&&typeof require==="function"){z=y()}else{z=v()}function A(Ba,Ca){var Da=this;var Ea=new this.constructor(D);if(Ea[C]===undefined){$(Ea)}var Fa=Da._state;if(Fa){var Ga=arguments[Fa-1];j(function(){return W(Fa,Ea,Ga,Da._result)})}else{T(Da,Ea,Ba,Ca)}return Ea}function B(Ha){var Ia=this;if(Ha&&typeof Ha==="object"&&Ha.constructor===Ia){return Ha}var Ja=new Ia(D);P(Ja,Ha);return Ja}var C=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2);function D(){}var E=void 0;var F=1;var G=2;var H={error:null};function I(){return new TypeError("You cannot resolve a promise with itself")}function J(){return new TypeError("A promises callback cannot return that same promise.")}function K(Ka){try{return Ka.then}catch(La){H.error=La;return H}}function L(Ma,Na,Oa,Pa){try{Ma.call(Na,Oa,Pa)}catch(Qa){return Qa}}function M(Ra,Sa,Ta){j(function(Ua){var Va=false;var Wa=L(Ta,Sa,function(Xa){if(Va){return}Va=true;if(Sa!==Xa){P(Ua,Xa)}else{R(Ua,Xa)}},function(Ya){if(Va){return}Va=true;S(Ua,Ya)},"Settle: "+(Ua._label||" unknown promise"));if(!Va&&Wa){Va=true;S(Ua,Wa)}},Ra)}function N(Za,$a){if($a._state===F){R(Za,$a._result)}else if($a._state===G){S(Za,$a._result)}else{T($a,undefined,function(_a){return P(Za,_a)},function(a0){return S(Za,a0)})}}function O(b0,c0,d0){if(c0.constructor===b0.constructor&&d0===A&&c0.constructor.resolve===B){N(b0,c0)}else{if(d0===H){S(b0,H.error);H.error=null}else if(d0===undefined){R(b0,c0)}else if(d(d0)){M(b0,c0,d0)}else{R(b0,c0)}}}function P(e0,f0){if(e0===f0){S(e0,I())}else if(c(f0)){O(e0,f0,K(f0))}else{R(e0,f0)}}function Q(g0){if(g0._onerror){g0._onerror(g0._result)}U(g0)}function R(h0,i0){if(h0._state!==E){return}h0._result=i0;h0._state=F;if(h0._subscribers.length!==0){j(U,h0)}}function S(j0,k0){if(j0._state!==E){return}j0._state=G;j0._result=k0;j(Q,j0)}function T(l0,m0,n0,o0){var p0=l0._subscribers;var q0=p0.length;l0._onerror=null;p0[q0]=m0;p0[q0+F]=n0;p0[q0+G]=o0;if(q0===0&&l0._state){j(U,l0)}}function U(r0){var s0=r0._subscribers;var t0=r0._state;if(s0.length===0){return}var u0=void 0,v0=void 0,w0=r0._result;for(var x0=0;x0<s0.length;x0+=3){u0=s0[x0];v0=s0[x0+t0];if(u0){W(t0,u0,v0,w0)}else{v0(w0)}}r0._subscribers.length=0}function V(y0,z0){try{return y0(z0)}catch(A0){H.error=A0;return H}}function W(B0,C0,D0,E0){var F0=d(D0),G0=void 0,H0=void 0,I0=void 0,J0=void 0;if(F0){G0=V(D0,E0);if(G0===H){J0=true;H0=G0.error;G0.error=null}else{I0=true}if(C0===G0){S(C0,J());return}}else{G0=E0;I0=true}if(C0._state!==E){}else if(F0&&I0){P(C0,G0)}else if(J0){S(C0,H0)}else if(B0===F){R(C0,G0)}else if(B0===G){S(C0,G0)}}function X(K0,L0){try{L0(function M0(N0){P(K0,N0)},function O0(P0){S(K0,P0)})}catch(Q0){S(K0,Q0)}}var Y=0;function Z(){return Y++}function $(R0){R0[C]=Y++;R0._state=undefined;R0._result=undefined;R0._subscribers=[]}function _(){return new Error("Array Methods must be provided an Array")}var aa=function(){function S0(T0,U0){this._instanceConstructor=T0;this.promise=new T0(D);if(!this.promise[C]){$(this.promise)}if(f(U0)){this.length=U0.length;this._remaining=U0.length;this._result=new Array(this.length);if(this.length===0){R(this.promise,this._result)}else{this.length=this.length||0;this._enumerate(U0);if(this._remaining===0){R(this.promise,this._result)}}}else{S(this.promise,_())}}S0.prototype._enumerate=function V0(W0){for(var X0=0;this._state===E&&X0<W0.length;X0++){this._eachEntry(W0[X0],X0)}};S0.prototype._eachEntry=function Y0(Z0,$0){var _0=this._instanceConstructor;var ab=_0.resolve;if(ab===B){var bb=K(Z0);if(bb===A&&Z0._state!==E){this._settledAt(Z0._state,$0,Z0._result)}else if(typeof bb!=="function"){this._remaining--;this._result[$0]=Z0}else if(_0===ga){var cb=new _0(D);O(cb,Z0,bb);this._willSettleAt(cb,$0)}else{this._willSettleAt(new _0(function(db){return db(Z0)}),$0)}}else{this._willSettleAt(ab(Z0),$0)}};S0.prototype._settledAt=function eb(fb,gb,hb){var ib=this.promise;if(ib._state===E){this._remaining--;if(fb===G){S(ib,hb)}else{this._result[gb]=hb}}if(this._remaining===0){R(ib,this._result)}};S0.prototype._willSettleAt=function jb(kb,lb){var mb=this;T(kb,undefined,function(nb){return mb._settledAt(F,lb,nb)},function(ob){return mb._settledAt(G,lb,ob)})};return S0}();function ba(pb){return new aa(this,pb).promise}function ca(qb){var rb=this;if(!f(qb)){return new rb(function(sb,tb){return tb(new TypeError("You must pass an array to race."))})}else{return new rb(function(ub,vb){var wb=qb.length;for(var xb=0;xb<wb;xb++){rb.resolve(qb[xb]).then(ub,vb)}})}}function da(yb){var zb=this;var Ab=new zb(D);S(Ab,yb);return Ab}function ea(){throw new TypeError("You must pass a resolver function as the first argument to the promise constructor")}function fa(){throw new TypeError("Failed to construct 'Promise': Please use the 'new' operator, this object constructor cannot be called as a function.")}var ga=function(){function Bb(Cb){this[C]=Z();this._result=this._state=undefined;this._subscribers=[];if(D!==Cb){typeof Cb!=="function"&&ea();this instanceof Bb?X(this,Cb):fa()}}Bb.prototype.catch=function Db(Eb){return this.then(null,Eb)};Bb.prototype.finally=function Fb(Gb){var Hb=this;var Ib=Hb.constructor;return Hb.then(function(Jb){return Ib.resolve(Gb()).then(function(){return Jb})},function(Kb){return Ib.resolve(Gb()).then(function(){throw Kb})})};return Bb}();ga.prototype.then=A;ga.all=ba;ga.race=ca;ga.resolve=B;ga.reject=da;ga._setScheduler=k;ga._setAsap=l;ga._asap=j;function ha(){var Lb=void 0;if(typeof global!=="undefined"){Lb=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){Lb=self}else{try{Lb=Function("return this")()}catch(Ob){throw new Error("polyfill failed because global object is unavailable in this environment")}}var Mb=Lb.Promise;if(Mb){var Nb=null;try{Nb=Object.prototype.toString.call(Mb.resolve())}catch(Pb){}if(Nb==="[object Promise]"&&!Mb.cast){return}}Lb.Promise=ga}ga.polyfill=ha;ga.Promise=ga;return ga}); }),(function(){function murmurhash3_32_gc(a,b){var c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l;c=a.length&3;d=a.length-c;e=b;g=3432918353;i=461845907;l=0;while(l<d){k=a.charCodeAt(l)&255|(a.charCodeAt(++l)&255)<<8|(a.charCodeAt(++l)&255)<<16|(a.charCodeAt(++l)&255)<<24;++l;k=(k&65535)*g+(((k>>>16)*g&65535)<<16)&4294967295;k=k<<15|k>>>17;k=(k&65535)*i+(((k>>>16)*i&65535)<<16)&4294967295;e^=k;e=e<<13|e>>>19;f=(e&65535)*5+(((e>>>16)*5&65535)<<16)&4294967295;e=(f&65535)+27492+(((f>>>16)+58964&65535)<<16)}k=0;switch(c){case 3:k^=(a.charCodeAt(l+2)&255)<<16;case 2:k^=(a.charCodeAt(l+1)&255)<<8;case 1:k^=a.charCodeAt(l)&255;k=(k&65535)*g+(((k>>>16)*g&65535)<<16)&4294967295;k=k<<15|k>>>17;k=(k&65535)*i+(((k>>>16)*i&65535)<<16)&4294967295;e^=k}e^=a.length;e^=e>>>16;e=(e&65535)*2246822507+(((e>>>16)*2246822507&65535)<<16)&4294967295;e^=e>>>13;e=(e&65535)*3266489909+(((e>>>16)*3266489909&65535)<<16)&4294967295;e^=e>>>16;return e>>>0}phast.hash=murmurhash3_32_gc; }),(function(){phast.buildServiceUrl=function(a,b){if(a.pathInfo){return appendPathInfo(a.serviceUrl,buildQuery(b))}else{return appendQueryString(a.serviceUrl,buildQuery(b))}};function buildQuery(c){if(typeof c==="string"){return c}var d=[];for(var e in c){if(c.hasOwnProperty(e)){d.push(encodeURIComponent(e)+"="+encodeURIComponent(c[e]))}}return d.join("&")}function appendPathInfo(f,g){var h=btoa(g).replace(/=/g,"").replace(/\//g,"_").replace(/\+/g,"-");var i=j(h+".q.js");return f.replace(/\?.*$/,"").replace(/\/__p__\.js$/,"")+"/"+i;function j(l){return k(k(l).match(/[\s\S]{1,255}/g).join("/"))}function k(m){return m.split("").reverse().join("")}}function appendQueryString(n,o){var p=n.indexOf("?")>-1?"&":"?";return n+p+o} }),(function(){var Promise=phast.ES6Promise.Promise;phast.ResourceLoader=function(a,b){this.get=function(c){return b.get(c).then(function(d){if(typeof d!=="string"){throw new Error("response should be string")}return d}).catch(function(){var e=a.get(c);e.then(function(f){b.set(c,f)});return e})}};phast.ResourceLoader.RequestParams={};phast.ResourceLoader.RequestParams.FaultyParams={};phast.ResourceLoader.RequestParams.fromString=function(g){try{return JSON.parse(g)}catch(h){return phast.ResourceLoader.RequestParams.FaultyParams}};phast.ResourceLoader.BundlerServiceClient=function(i,j,k){var l=phast.ResourceLoader.BundlerServiceClient.RequestsPack;var m=l.PackItem;var n;this.get=function(q){if(q===phast.ResourceLoader.RequestParams.FaultyParams){return Promise.reject(new Error("Parameters did not parse as JSON"))}return new Promise(function(r,s){if(n===undefined){n=new l(j)}n.add(new m({success:r,error:s},q));setTimeout(o);if(n.toQuery().length>4500){console.log("[Phast] Resource loader: Pack got too big; flushing early...");o()}})};function o(){if(n===undefined){return}var t=n;n=undefined;p(t)}function p(u){var v=phast.buildServiceUrl({serviceUrl:i,pathInfo:k},"service=bundler&"+u.toQuery());var w=function(){console.error("[Phast] Request to bundler failed with status",y.status);console.log("URL:",v);u.handleError()};var x=function(){if(y.status>=200&&y.status<300){u.handleResponse(y.responseText)}else{u.handleError()}};var y=new XMLHttpRequest;y.open("GET",v);y.addEventListener("error",w);y.addEventListener("abort",w);y.addEventListener("load",x);y.send()}};phast.ResourceLoader.BundlerServiceClient.RequestsPack=function(z){var A={};this.getLength=function(){var F=0;for(var G in A){F++}return F};this.add=function(H){var I;if(H.params.token){I="token="+H.params.token}else if(H.params.ref){I="ref="+H.params.ref}else{I=""}if(!A[I]){A[I]={params:H.params,requests:[H.request]}}else{A[I].requests.push(H.request)}};this.toQuery=function(){var J=[],K=[],L="";B().forEach(function(M){var N,O;for(var P in A[M].params){if(P==="cacheMarker"){K.push(A[M].params.cacheMarker);continue}N=z[P]?z[P]:P;if(P==="strip-imports"){O=encodeURIComponent(N)}else if(P==="src"){O=encodeURIComponent(N)+"="+encodeURIComponent(C(A[M].params.src,L));L=A[M].params.src}else{O=encodeURIComponent(N)+"="+encodeURIComponent(A[M].params[P])}J.push(O)}});if(K.length>0){J.unshift("c="+phast.hash(K.join("|"),23045))}return E(J.join("&"))};function B(){return Object.keys(A).sort(function(R,S){return Q(R,S)?1:Q(S,R)?-1:0});function Q(T,U){if(typeof A[T].params.src!=="undefined"&&typeof A[U].params.src!=="undefined"){return A[T].params.src>A[U].params.src}return T>U}}function C(V,W){var X=0,Y=Math.pow(36,2)-1;while(X<W.length&&V[X]===W[X]){X++}X=Math.min(X,Y);return D(X)+""+V.substr(X)}function D(Z){var $=["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z"];var _=Z%36;var aa=Math.floor((Z-_)/36);return $[aa]+$[_]}function E(ba){if(!/(^|&)s=/.test(ba)){return ba}return ba.replace(/(%..)|([A-M])|([N-Z])/gi,function(ca,da,ea,fa){if(da){return ca}return String.fromCharCode(ca.charCodeAt(0)+(ea?13:-13))})}this.handleResponse=function(ga){try{var ha=JSON.parse(ga)}catch(ja){this.handleError();return}var ia=B();if(ha.length!==ia.length){console.error("[Phast] Requested",ia.length,"items from bundler, but got",ha.length,"response(s)");this.handleError();return}ha.forEach(function(ka,la){if(ka.status===200){A[ia[la]].requests.forEach(function(ma){ma.success(ka.content)})}else{A[ia[la]].requests.forEach(function(na){na.error(new Error("Got from bundler: "+JSON.stringify(ka)))})}})}.bind(this);this.handleError=function(){for(var oa in A){A[oa].requests.forEach(function(pa){pa.error()})}}};phast.ResourceLoader.BundlerServiceClient.RequestsPack.PackItem=function(qa,ra){this.request=qa;this.params=ra};phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage=function(sa){var ta=phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage;var ua=ta.logPrefix;var va=ta.requestToPromise;var wa;Ba();this.get=function(Ca){return xa("readonly").then(function(Da){return va(Da.get(Ca)).catch(ya("reading from store"))})};this.store=function(Ea){return xa("readwrite").then(function(Fa){return va(Fa.put(Ea)).catch(ya("writing to store"))})};this.clear=function(){return xa("readwrite").then(function(Ga){return va(Ga.clear())})};this.iterateOnAll=function(Ha){return xa("readonly").then(function(Ia){return za(Ha,Ia.openCursor()).catch(ya("iterating on all"))})};function xa(Ja){return wa.get().then(function(Ka){try{return Ka.transaction(sa.storeName,Ja).objectStore(sa.storeName)}catch(La){console.error(ua,"Could not open store; recreating database:",La);Aa();throw La}})}function ya(Ma){return function(Na){console.error(ua,"Error "+Ma+":",Na);Aa();throw Na}}function za(Oa,Pa){return new Promise(function(Qa,Ra){Pa.onsuccess=function(Sa){var Ta=Sa.target.result;if(Ta){Oa(Ta.value);Ta.continue()}else{Qa()}};Pa.onerror=Ra})}function Aa(){var Ua=wa.dropDB().then(Ba);wa={get:function(){return Promise.reject(new Error("Database is being dropped and recreated"))},dropDB:function(){return Ua}}}function Ba(){wa=new phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.Connection(sa)}};phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.logPrefix="[Phast] Resource loader:";phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.requestToPromise=function(Va){return new Promise(function(Wa,Xa){Va.onsuccess=function(){Wa(Va.result)};Va.onerror=function(){Xa(Va.error)}})};phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.ConnectionParams=function(){this.dbName="phastResourcesCache";this.dbVersion=1;this.storeName="resources"};phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.StoredResource=function(Ya,Za){this.token=Ya;this.content=Za};phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.Connection=function($a){var _a=phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.logPrefix;var a0=phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.requestToPromise;var b0;this.get=c0;this.dropDB=d0;function c0(){if(!b0){b0=e0($a)}return b0}function d0(){return c0().then(function(g0){console.error(_a,"Dropping DB");g0.close();b0=null;return a0(window.indexedDB.deleteDatabase($a.dbName))})}function e0(h0){if(typeof window.indexedDB==="undefined"){return Promise.reject(new Error("IndexedDB is not available"))}var i0=window.indexedDB.open(h0.dbName,h0.dbVersion);i0.onupgradeneeded=function(){f0(i0.result,h0)};return a0(i0).then(function(j0){j0.onversionchange=function(){console.debug(_a,"Closing DB");j0.close();if(b0){b0=null}};return j0}).catch(function(k0){console.log(_a,"IndexedDB cache is not available. This is usually due to using private browsing mode.");throw k0})}function f0(l0,m0){l0.createObjectStore(m0.storeName,{keyPath:"token"})}};phast.ResourceLoader.StorageCache=function(n0,o0){var p0=phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.StoredResource;this.get=function(x0){return s0(r0(x0))};this.set=function(y0,z0){return t0(r0(y0),z0,false)};var q0=null;function r0(A0){return JSON.stringify(A0)}function s0(B0){return o0.get(B0).then(function(C0){if(C0){return Promise.resolve(C0.content)}return Promise.resolve()})}function t0(D0,E0,F0){return w0().then(function(G0){var H0=E0.length+G0;if(H0>n0.maxStorageSize){return F0||E0.length>n0.maxStorageSize?Promise.reject(new Error("Storage quota will be exceeded")):u0(D0,E0)}q0=H0;var I0=new p0(D0,E0);return o0.store(I0)})}function u0(J0,K0){return v0().then(function(){return t0(J0,K0,true)})}function v0(){return o0.clear().then(function(){q0=0})}function w0(){if(q0!==null){return Promise.resolve(q0)}var L0=0;return o0.iterateOnAll(function(M0){L0+=M0.content.length}).then(function(){q0=L0;return Promise.resolve(q0)})}};phast.ResourceLoader.StorageCache.StorageCacheParams=function(){this.maxStorageSize=4.5*1024*1024};phast.ResourceLoader.BlackholeCache=function(){this.get=function(){return Promise.reject()};this.set=function(){return Promise.reject()}};phast.ResourceLoader.make=function(N0,O0,P0){var Q0=S0();var R0=new phast.ResourceLoader.BundlerServiceClient(N0,O0,P0);return new phast.ResourceLoader(R0,Q0);function S0(){var T0=window.navigator.userAgent;if(/safari/i.test(T0)&&!/chrome|android/i.test(T0)){console.log("[Phast] Not using IndexedDB cache on Safari");return new phast.ResourceLoader.BlackholeCache}else{var U0=new phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage.ConnectionParams;var V0=new phast.ResourceLoader.IndexedDBStorage(U0);var W0=new phast.ResourceLoader.StorageCache.StorageCacheParams;return new phast.ResourceLoader.StorageCache(W0,V0)}}}; }),(function(){var Promise=phast.ES6Promise;phast.ResourceLoader.instance=phast.ResourceLoader.make(phast.config.resourcesLoader.serviceUrl,phast.config.resourcesLoader.shortParamsMappings,phast.config.resourcesLoader.pathInfo);phast.forEachSelectedElement=function(a,b){Array.prototype.forEach.call(window.document.querySelectorAll(a),b)};phast.once=function(c){var d=false;return function(){if(!d){d=true;c.apply(this,Array.prototype.slice(arguments))}}};phast.on=function(e,f){return new Promise(function(g){e.addEventListener(f,g)})};phast.wait=function(h){return new Promise(function(i){setTimeout(i,h)})};phast.on(document,"DOMContentLoaded").then(function(){var j,k;function l(n){return n&&n.nodeType===8&&/^\s*\[Phast\]/.test(n.textContent)}function m(o){while(o){if(l(o)){return o}o=o.nextSibling}return false}k=m(document.documentElement.nextSibling);if(k===false){k=m(document.body.firstChild)}if(k){j=k.textContent.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"").split("\n");console.groupCollapsed(j.shift());console.log(j.join("\n"));console.groupEnd()}});phast.on(document,"DOMContentLoaded").then(function(){var p=performance.timing;var q=[];q.push(["Downloading phases:"]);q.push([" Look up hostname in DNS + %s ms",t(p.domainLookupEnd-p.fetchStart)]);q.push([" Establish connection + %s ms",t(p.connectEnd-p.domainLookupEnd)]);q.push([" Send request + %s ms",t(p.requestStart-p.connectEnd)]);q.push([" Receive first byte + %s ms",t(p.responseStart-p.requestStart)]);q.push([" Download page + %s ms",t(p.responseEnd-p.responseStart)]);q.push([""]);q.push(["Totals:"]);q.push([" Time to first byte %s ms",t(p.responseStart-p.fetchStart)]);q.push([" (since request start) %s ms",t(p.responseStart-p.requestStart)]);q.push([" Total request time %s ms",t(p.responseEnd-p.fetchStart)]);q.push([" (since request start) %s ms",t(p.responseEnd-p.requestStart)]);q.push([" "]);var r=[];var s=[];q.forEach(function(u){r.push(u.shift());s=s.concat(u)});console.groupCollapsed("[Phast] Client-side performance metrics");console.log.apply(console,[r.join("\n")].concat(s));console.groupEnd();function t(v){v=""+v;while(v.length<4){v=" "+v}return v}}); }),(function(){var config=phast.config["script-proxy-service"];var urlPattern=/^(https?:)?\/\//;var typePattern=/^\s*(application|text)\/(x-)?(java|ecma|j|live)script/i;var cacheMarker=Math.floor((new Date).getTime()/1e3/config.urlRefreshTime);var whitelist=compileWhitelistPatterns(config.whitelist);phast.scripts.push(function(){overrideDOMMethod("appendChild");overrideDOMMethod("insertBefore")});function compileWhitelistPatterns(a){var b=/^(.)(.*)\1([a-z]*)$/i;var c=[];a.forEach(function(d){var e=b.exec(d);if(!e){window.console&&window.console.log("Phast: Not a pattern:",d);return}try{c.push(new RegExp(e[2],e[3]))}catch(f){window.console&&window.console.log("Phast: Failed to compile pattern:",d)}});return c}function checkWhitelist(g){for(var h=0;h<whitelist.length;h++){if(whitelist[h].exec(g)){return true}}return false}function overrideDOMMethod(i){var j=Element.prototype[i];var k=function(){var l=processNode(arguments[0]);var m=j.apply(this,arguments);l();return m};Element.prototype[i]=k;window.addEventListener("load",function(){if(Element.prototype[i]===k){delete Element.prototype[i]}})}function processNode(n){if(!n||n.nodeType!==Node.ELEMENT_NODE||n.tagName!=="SCRIPT"||!urlPattern.test(n.src)||n.type&&!typePattern.test(n.type)||n.src.substr(0,config.serviceUrl.length)===config.serviceUrl||!checkWhitelist(n.src)){return function(){}}var o=n.src;n.src=phast.buildServiceUrl(config,{service:"scripts",src:o,cacheMarker:cacheMarker});n.setAttribute("data-phast-rewritten","");return function(){n.src=o}} }),(function(){(function(){var a=function(){if(!("FontFace"in window)){return false}var b=new FontFace("t",'url( "data:font/woff2;base64,d09GMgABAAAAAADwAAoAAAAAAiQAAACoAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABmAALAogOAE2AiQDBgsGAAQgBSAHIBuDAciO1EZ3I/mL5/+5/rfPnTt9/9Qa8H4cUUZxaRbh36LiKJoVh61XGzw6ufkpoeZBW4KphwFYIJGHB4LAY4hby++gW+6N1EN94I49v86yCpUdYgqeZrOWN34CMQg2tAmthdli0eePIwAKNIIRS4AGZFzdX9lbBUAQlm//f262/61o8PlYO/D1/X4FrWFFgdCQD9DpGJSxmFyjOAGUU4P0qigcNb82GAAA" ) format( "woff2" )',{});b.load()["catch"](function(){});return b.status=="loading"||b.status=="loaded"}();if(a){return}console.log("[Phast] Browser does not support WOFF2, falling back to original stylesheets");Array.prototype.forEach.call(document.querySelectorAll("style[data-phast-ie-fallback-url]"),function(c){var d=document.createElement("link");if(c.hasAttribute("media")){d.setAttribute("media",c.getAttribute("media"))}d.setAttribute("rel","stylesheet");d.setAttribute("href",c.getAttribute("data-phast-ie-fallback-url"));c.parentNode.insertBefore(d,c);c.parentNode.removeChild(c)});Array.prototype.forEach.call(document.querySelectorAll("style[data-phast-nested-inlined]"),function(e){e.parentNode.removeChild(e)})})(); }),(function(){phast.stylesLoading=0;var resourceLoader=phast.ResourceLoader.instance;phast.forEachSelectedElement("style[data-phast-params]",function(a){var b=a.getAttribute("data-phast-params");var c=phast.ResourceLoader.RequestParams.fromString(b);phast.stylesLoading++;resourceLoader.get(c).then(function(d){a.textContent=d;a.removeAttribute("data-phast-params")}).catch(function(e){console.warn("[Phast] Failed to load CSS",c,e);var f=a.getAttribute("data-phast-original-src");if(!f){console.error("[Phast] No data-phast-original-src on <style>!",a);return}console.info("[Phast] Falling back to <link> element for",f);var g=document.createElement("link");g.href=f;g.media=a.media;g.rel="stylesheet";g.addEventListener("load",function(){if(a.parentNode){a.parentNode.removeChild(a)}});a.parentNode.insertBefore(g,a.nextSibling)}).finally(function(){phast.stylesLoading--;if(phast.stylesLoading===0&&phast.onStylesLoaded){phast.onStylesLoaded()}})});(function(){var h=[];phast.forEachSelectedElement("style[data-phast-original-id]",function(i){var j=i.getAttribute("data-phast-original-id");if(h[j]){return}h[j]=true;console.warn("[Phast] The style element with id",j,"has been split into multiple style tags due to @import statements and the id attribute has been removed. Normally, this does not cause any issues.")})})(); }),(function(){var Promise=phast.ES6Promise;var hasCurrentScript=!!document.currentScript;phast.ScriptsLoader={};phast.ScriptsLoader.getScriptsInExecutionOrder=function(a,b){var c=Array.prototype.slice.call(a.querySelectorAll('script[type="text/phast"]')).filter(g);var d=[],e=[];for(var f=0;f<c.length;f++){if(getSrc(c[f])!==undefined&&isDefer(c[f])){e.push(c[f])}else{d.push(c[f])}}return d.concat(e).map(function(j){return b.makeScriptFromElement(j)});function g(k){try{var l=phast.config.scriptsLoader.csp}catch(m){return true}if(l.nonce==null){return true}if(k.nonce===l.nonce){return true}try{h(l,k)}catch(n){console.error("Could not send CSP report due to error:",n)}if(l.reportOnly){console.warn("Script with missing or invalid nonce would not be executed (but report-only mode is enabled):",k);return true}console.warn("Script with missing or invalid nonce will not be executed:",k);return false}function h(o,p){var q={"blocked-uri":getSrc(p),disposition:o.reportOnly?"report":"enforce","document-uri":location.href,referrer:a.referrer,"script-sample":i(p),implementation:"phast"};try{p.dispatchEvent(new SecurityPolicyViolationEvent("securitypolicyviolation",{blockedURI:q["blocked-uri"],disposition:q["disposition"],documentURI:q["document-uri"],effectiveDirective:"script-src-elem",originalPolicy:"phast",referrer:q["referrer"],sample:q["script-sample"],statusCode:200,violatedDirective:"script-src-elem"}))}catch(s){console.error("[Phast] Could not dispatch securitypolicyviolation event",s)}if(!o.reportUri){return}var r={"csp-report":q};fetch(o.reportUri,{method:"POST",headers:{"Content-Type":"application/csp-report"},credentials:"same-origin",redirect:"error",keepalive:true,body:JSON.stringify(r)})}function i(t){if(!t.hasAttribute("src")){return t.textContent.substr(0,40)}}};phast.ScriptsLoader.executeScripts=function(u){var v=u.map(function(x){return x.init()});var w=Promise.resolve();u.forEach(function(y){w=phast.ScriptsLoader.chainScript(w,y)});return w.then(function(){return Promise.all(v).catch(function(){})})};phast.ScriptsLoader.chainScript=function(z,A){var B;try{if(A.describe){B=A.describe()}else{B="unknown script"}}catch(C){B="script.describe() failed"}return z.then(function(){var D=A.execute();D.then(function(){console.debug("✓",B)});return D}).catch(function(E){console.error("✘",B);if(E){console.log(E)}})};var insertBefore=window.Element.prototype.insertBefore;phast.ScriptsLoader.Utilities=function(F){this._document=F;var G=0;function H(R){return new Promise(function(S){var T="PhastCompleteScript"+ ++G;var U=I(R);var V=I(T+"()");window[T]=W;F.body.appendChild(U);F.body.appendChild(V);function W(){S();F.body.removeChild(U);F.body.removeChild(V);delete window[T]}})}function I(X){var Y=F.createElement("script");Y.textContent=X;Y.nonce=phast.config.scriptsLoader.csp.nonce;return Y}function J(Z){var $=F.createElement(Z.nodeName);Array.prototype.forEach.call(Z.attributes,function(_){$.setAttribute(_.nodeName,_.nodeValue)});return $}function K(aa){aa.removeAttribute("data-phast-params");var ba={};Array.prototype.map.call(aa.attributes,function(ca){return ca.nodeName}).map(function(da){var ea=da.match(/^data-phast-original-(.*)/i);if(ea){ba[ea[1].toLowerCase()]=aa.getAttribute(da);aa.removeAttribute(da)}});Object.keys(ba).sort().map(function(fa){aa.setAttribute(fa,ba[fa])});if(!("type"in ba)){aa.removeAttribute("type")}}function L(ga,ha){return new Promise(function(ia,ja){var ka=ha.getAttribute("src");ha.addEventListener("load",ia);ha.addEventListener("error",ja);ha.removeAttribute("src");insertBefore.call(ga.parentNode,ha,ga);ga.parentNode.removeChild(ga);if(ka){ha.setAttribute("src",ka)}})}function M(la,ma){return O(la,function(){return P(la,function(){return H(ma)})})}function N(na,oa){return O(oa,function(){return L(na,oa)})}function O(pa,qa){var ra=pa.nextElementSibling;var sa=Promise.resolve();var ta;if(isAsync(pa)){ta="async"}else if(isDefer(pa)){ta="defer"}F.write=function(xa){if(ta){console.warn("document.write call from "+ta+" script ignored");return}ua(xa)};F.writeln=function(ya){if(ta){console.warn("document.writeln call from "+ta+" script ignored");return}ua(ya+"\n")};function ua(za){var Aa=F.createElement("div");Aa.innerHTML=za;var Ba=va(Aa);if(ra&&ra.parentNode!==pa.parentNode){ra=pa.nextElementSibling}while(Aa.firstChild){pa.parentNode.insertBefore(Aa.firstChild,ra)}Ba.map(wa)}function va(Ca){return Array.prototype.slice.call(Ca.getElementsByTagName("script")).filter(function(Da){var Ea=Da.getAttribute("type");return!Ea||/^(text|application)\/javascript(;|$)/i.test(Ea)})}function wa(Fa){var Ga=new phast.ScriptsLoader.Scripts.Factory(F);var Ha=Ga.makeScriptFromElement(Fa);sa=phast.ScriptsLoader.chainScript(sa,Ha)}return qa().then(function(){return sa}).finally(function(){delete F.write;delete F.writeln})}function P(Ia,Ja){if(hasCurrentScript){try{Object.defineProperty(F,"currentScript",{configurable:true,get:function(){return Ia}})}catch(Ka){console.error("[Phast] Unable to override document.currentScript on this browser: ",Ka)}}return Ja().finally(function(){if(hasCurrentScript){delete F.currentScript}})}function Q(La){var Ma=F.createElement("link");Ma.setAttribute("rel","preload");Ma.setAttribute("as","script");Ma.setAttribute("href",La);F.head.appendChild(Ma)}this.executeString=H;this.copyElement=J;this.restoreOriginals=K;this.replaceElement=L;this.writeProtectAndExecuteString=M;this.writeProtectAndReplaceElement=N;this.addPreload=Q};phast.ScriptsLoader.Scripts={};phast.ScriptsLoader.Scripts.InlineScript=function(Na,Oa){this._utils=Na;this._element=Oa;this.init=function(){return Promise.resolve()};this.execute=function(){var Pa=Oa.textContent.replace(/^\s*