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He attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>, receiving his master's degree and doctorate from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. He then taught at <a href="/wiki/Tufts" class="mw-redirect" title="Tufts">Tufts</a> University and <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson College</a>; he was Charles A. Dana Professor of Comparative Civilizations and Professor of Sociology at Dickinson from 1964 until his sudden death in 1996. During this time he also served as a visiting professor at the <a href="/wiki/The_New_School" title="The New School">The New School</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Vytautas_Magnus_University" title="Vytautas Magnus University">Vytautas Magnus University</a> in Kaunas. He founded and edited the Lithuanian-American journal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metmenys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metmenys (page does not exist)">Metmenys</a>, was a board member of several Lithuanian-American organizations, and the main ideologist of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santara-%C5%A0viesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santara-Šviesa (page does not exist)">Santara-Šviesa</a>. </p><p>Kavolis was a member of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Society_for_the_Comparative_Study_of_Civilizations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations (page does not exist)">International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations</a>, serving on its executive board from 1974 to 1977 and as its president from 1977 to 1983. He was the recipient of Lithuania's 1993 National Prize for Culture and Art. Professor Kavolis was awarded a doctorate honoris causa by <a href="/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da_University" title="Klaipėda University">Klaipėda University</a> in 1995. </p><p>He authored more than a dozen books and numerous scholarly articles published in the US and Lithuania. Most of his work was published in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. </p><p> Kavolis was especially interested in the conflicts between <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberalism</a>, drawing upon his experience as a member of two cultures. His work often used the resurgence of Lithuanian nationalism in the early 20th century and its re-appearance after Lithuanian independence in 1990 as a case study. Kavolis expressed a guarded optimism that modernization and <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a> could co-exist with nationalism, including the nations of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. His concept of "the polylogue of civilisations" was cited by Lithuanian President <a href="/wiki/Valdas_Adamkus" title="Valdas Adamkus">Valdas Adamkus</a> at a 2001 <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> conference in Vilnius<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as guidance for Lithuania's future: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>As my old friend, professor Vytautas Kavolis, former President of the International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilisations, said, every civilisation has its own denominator of cultural liberalism, which enables different societies to understand each other. He was convinced that this denominator of liberalism along with mutual understanding between civilisations should nowadays be promoted by a modern educational system. Professor Kavolis maintained that sooner or later comparative studies of civilizations will become an important part of modem education.</p></blockquote> <p>Kavolis' literary criticism embraced, and contributed to, <a href="/wiki/Postmodern" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmodern">postmodern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Postcolonial" class="mw-redirect" title="Postcolonial">postcolonial</a> perspectives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_bibliography">Selected bibliography</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3></div> <ul><li><i>Artistic Expression - A Sociological Analysis</i>. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press 1968, was translated into Swedish and Spanish in 1970. Chapter 5 was translated into German in 1979 and Chapter 9 was translated into Lithuanian as "Meno stilius, kaip religijos ypatybiu projekcija," Kulturos Barai, 1993, No 2-3.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>History on Art's Side: Social Dynamics in Artistic Efflorescences</i>. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press 1972.</li></ul> <ul><li>Editor, <i>Designs of Selfhood</i>, Rutherford, NJ: Farleigh Dickinson University Press, 1984.</li></ul> <ul><li>Co-editor, with E.V. Walter, E. Leites, M.C. Nelson, of <i>Civilizations East and West: A Memorial Volume for <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Nelson" title="Benjamin Nelson">Benjamin Nelson</a></i>. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press 1985.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>Epochų Signatūros (Epochal Signatures)</i>. Chicago: Algimanto Mackaus knygu leidimo fondas, 1991.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>The Trajectories of Consciousness: Modernization Aspects of Lithuanian Culture</i>. Chicago: Algimanto Mackaus knygų leidimo fondas, 1986.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>Kultūros dirbtuvė (Culture Workshop)</i>. Vilnius: Baltos Lankos 1996.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>Kultūrinė psichologija (Cultural Psychology)</i>. Vilnius: Baltos Lankos 1995.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>Nepriklausomųjų kelias (The Road to Independence)</i>. Vilnius: Versus Aureus, 2006.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles">Articles</h3></div> <ul><li><i>Models of Rebellion: An Essay in Civilization Analysis</i>. Comparative Civilizations Review, No. 3 (Fall 1979).</li> <li><i>Artistic Expression: A Sociological Analysis</i>. American Sociological Review, Vol. 35, No. 3 (June 1970)</li> <li><i>History on Art's Side: Social Dynamics in Artistic Efflorescences</i>. Contemporary Sociology, Vol. 2, No. 6 (November 1973)</li> <li><i>Toward A History Of Bodily Discipline</i>. <a href="/wiki/Lituanus" title="Lituanus">Lituanus</a>, January 1997 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.lituanus.org/1997/97_1_01.htm">[1]</a></li> <li><i>Civilization theory and collective identity in the postmodern-globalized era</i>. Kulturos barai, July 2006. Online version at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-07-24-kavolis-en.html">[2]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="references-small"> <dl><dd><dl><dd><b>In-line:</b></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.lt/archyvas/?cat=15&item=119">Unesco International Conference on Dialogue among Civilizations - Vilnius 2001</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dd><dl><dd><b>General:</b></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJūrate_Baranova2001" class="citation book cs1">Jūrate Baranova; et al., eds. (2001). "Chapter Xviii Vytautas Kavolis As Social And Cultural Critic By Leonidas Donskis". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crvp.org/book/Series04/IVA-17/contents.htm"><i>Lithuanian philosophy: persons and ideas Lithuanian philosophical studies, ii</i></a>. Cultural heritage and contemporary change series IVa, Eastern and Central Europe, volume 17. The Council For Research In Values And Philosophy. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56518-137-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-56518-137-9"><bdi>1-56518-137-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-09-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Xviii+Vytautas+Kavolis+As+Social+And+Cultural+Critic+By+Leonidas+Donskis&rft.btitle=Lithuanian+philosophy%3A+persons+and+ideas+Lithuanian+philosophical+studies%2C+ii&rft.series=Cultural+heritage+and+contemporary+change+series+IVa%2C+Eastern+and+Central+Europe%2C+volume+17&rft.pub=The+Council+For+Research+In+Values+And+Philosophy&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-56518-137-9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crvp.org%2Fbook%2FSeries04%2FIVA-17%2Fcontents.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVytautas+Kavolis" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Explicit use of et al. in: <code class="cs1-code">|editor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#explicit_et_al" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|chapterurl=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|chapterurl=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|chapter-url=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-07-24-kavolis-en.html">Eurozine review of "Civilization theory and collective identity in the postmodern-globalized era".</a></li></ul> <div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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