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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Đăng nhập</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ cá nhân" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ cá nhân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Bảng chọn thành viên" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_vi.wikipedia.org&uselang=vi"><span>Quyên góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&returnto=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Đăng nhập</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Trang dành cho người dùng chưa đăng nhập <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u" aria-label="Tìm hiểu thêm về sửa đổi"><span>tìm hiểu thêm</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C3%B3ng_g%C3%B3p_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C3%B4i" title="Danh sách các sửa đổi được thực hiện qua địa chỉ IP này [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Đóng góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_t%C3%B4i" title="Thảo luận với địa chỉ IP này [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thảo luận cho địa chỉ IP này</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Trang Web"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Nội dung" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nội dung</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Đầu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Từ_nguyên" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Từ_nguyên"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Từ nguyên</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Từ_nguyên-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lịch_sử" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lịch_sử"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lịch sử</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lịch_sử-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Văn_hóa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Văn_hóa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Văn hóa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Văn_hóa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ảnh_hưởng" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ảnh_hưởng"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ảnh hưởng</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ảnh_hưởng-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xem_thêm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xem_thêm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Xem thêm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xem_thêm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tham_khảo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tham_khảo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tham khảo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Hiện/ẩn mục Tham khảo</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tài_liệu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tài_liệu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Tài liệu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tài_liệu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tư_liệu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tư_liệu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Tư liệu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tư_liệu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Nội dung" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Đóng mở mục lục" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Đóng mở mục lục</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vương quốc Northumbria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Xem bài viết trong ngôn ngữ khác. Bài có sẵn trong 58 ngôn ngữ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 ngôn ngữ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%BEhymbra_R%C4%ABce" title="Norþhymbra Rīce – Tiếng Anh cổ" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Norþhymbra Rīce" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh cổ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="نورثمبريا – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نورثمبريا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_de_Northumbria" title="Reinu de Northumbria – Tiếng Asturias" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu de Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Asturias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%BA%DB%8C" title="نورثامبریا کراللیغی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نورثامبریا کراللیغی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Нартумбрыя – Tiếng Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нартумбрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Нартумбрыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нартумбрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouantelezh_Northumbria" title="Rouantelezh Northumbria – Tiếng Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rouantelezh Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%C3%BAmbria" title="Northúmbria – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Northúmbria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbrie" title="Northumbrie – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Northumbrie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Đan Mạch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đan Mạch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Νορθουμβρία – Tiếng Hy Lạp" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νορθουμβρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hy Lạp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_Northumbria" title="Reino de Northumbria – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino de Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="پادشاهی نورثامبریا – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پادشاهی نورثامبریا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbrie" title="Northumbrie – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Northumbrie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keninkryk_Noardumbrje" title="Keninkryk Noardumbrje – Tiếng Frisia" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Keninkryk Noardumbrje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_Northumbria" title="Reino de Northumbria – Tiếng Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reino de Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌼𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌾𐌰 – Tiếng Gô-tích" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌼𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌾𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Gô-tích" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EC%84%AC%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EC%99%95%EA%B5%AD" title="노섬브리아 왕국 – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노섬브리아 왕국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevstvo_Northumbrija" title="Kraljevstvo Northumbrija – Tiếng Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kraljevstvo Northumbrija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konungsr%C3%ADki%C3%B0_Nor%C3%B0ymbraland" title="Konungsríkið Norðymbraland – Tiếng Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Konungsríkið Norðymbraland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_di_Northumbria" title="Regno di Northumbria – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno di Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA%27%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="ממלכת נורת'מבריה – Tiếng Do Thái" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלכת נורת'מבריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Do Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ნორთუმბრია – Tiếng Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნორთუმბრია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnum_Northanhymbrorum" title="Regnum Northanhymbrorum – Tiếng La-tinh" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regnum Northanhymbrorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng La-tinh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nortambrija" title="Nortambrija – Tiếng Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nortambrija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nortumbrija" title="Nortumbrija – Tiếng Litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nortumbrija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нортамбрија – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нортамбрија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نرف آمبریا – Tiếng Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نرف آمبریا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkrijk_Northumbria" title="Koninkrijk Northumbria – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninkrijk Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="ノーサンブリア王国 – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ノーサンブリア王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Hạ Giéc-man" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hạ Giéc-man" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nortumbria" title="Nortumbria – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nortumbria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_da_Nort%C3%BAmbria" title="Reino da Nortúmbria – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino da Nortúmbria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нортумбрия – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нортумбрия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinrick_o_Northumbrie" title="Kinrick o Northumbrie – Tiếng Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kinrick o Northumbrie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbrija" title="Northumbrija – Tiếng Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Northumbrija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нортамбрија – Tiếng Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нортамбрија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nortumbrija" title="Nortumbrija – Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nortumbrija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ราชอาณาจักรนอร์ทัมเบรีย – Tiếng Thái" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชอาณาจักรนอร์ทัมเบรีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Northumbria" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Королівство Нортумбрія – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Королівство Нортумбрія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%A3%AE%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="诺森布里亚王国 – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="诺森布里亚王国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%A3%AE%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="諾森布里亞王國 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="諾森布里亞王國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q107299#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sửa liên kết giữa ngôn ngữ" class="wbc-editpage">Sửa liên kết</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Không gian tên"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;font-size:88%;"><caption></caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;position: relative; padding: 12px; line-height: 1.1em; font-size: 135%; background-color:#E5E5E5; color:#000000;"> <div><span style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Vương quốc Northumbria</span></div> </th> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background-color:#E5E5E5;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">Tên bản ngữ</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal; word-break:break-all; text-align:center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i><span lang="ang" title="Văn bản tiếng Anh cổ">Norþanhymbra Rīċe</span></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center">654 - 954</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 2px 0 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Flag_of_Northumbria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Quốc kỳ Northumbria"><img alt="Quốc kỳ Northumbria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Northumbria.svg/125px-Flag_of_Northumbria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Northumbria.svg/188px-Flag_of_Northumbria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Northumbria.svg/250px-Flag_of_Northumbria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div> <div>Quốc kỳ</div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 5px 0 2px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Blason_Argoules.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Quốc huy Northumbria"><img alt="Quốc huy Northumbria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blason_Argoules.svg/85px-Blason_Argoules.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blason_Argoules.svg/128px-Blason_Argoules.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blason_Argoules.svg/170px-Blason_Argoules.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></div> <div>Quốc huy</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Northumbria năm 700 sau Công Nguyên."><img alt="Northumbria năm 700 sau Công Nguyên." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg/250px-Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg/375px-Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg/500px-Map_of_the_Kingdom_of_Northumbria_around_700_AD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="594" /></a></span><div style="position:relative;top:0.3em;">Northumbria năm 700 sau <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn" title="Công Nguyên">Công Nguyên</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:5px;text-align:center;background-color:#E5E5E5;">Tổng quan</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Vị thế</th><td>Vương quốc Angle<small> (trước 876)</small><br />Bắc: Vương quốc Angle<small> (sau 876)</small><br />Nam: Vương quốc Đan Mạch<small> (876–914)</small><br />Nam: Vương quốc Na Uy<small> (sau 914)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7_%C4%91%C3%B4" title="Thủ đô">Thủ đô</a></th><td>Bắc: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bamburgh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bamburgh (trang không tồn tại)">Bamburgh</a><br />Nam: <a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ngôn ngữ thông dụng</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northumbrian_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northumbrian dialect (trang không tồn tại)">Northumbria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumbric_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cumbric language (trang không tồn tại)">Cumbric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin">Latin</a>;<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Norse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Norse (trang không tồn tại)">Norse</a> (<abbr title="khoảng">k.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 876</span>– <abbr title="khoảng">k.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 914</span>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:5px;text-align:center;background-color:#E5E5E5;">Chính trị</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%ADnh_ph%E1%BB%A7" title="Chính phủ">Chính phủ</a></th><td>Quân chủ chuyên chế và liên minh thương mại</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qu%E1%BB%91c_v%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_Northumbria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quốc vương Northumbria (trang không tồn tại)">Quốc vương</a></th><td> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 654–670 </div></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oswiu_of_Northumbria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oswiu of Northumbria (trang không tồn tại)">Ōswīg</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• mất 954 </div></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Bloodaxe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Bloodaxe (trang không tồn tại)">Eric Bloodaxe</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:5px;text-align:center;background-color:#E5E5E5;">Lịch sử</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Lịch sử</th><td> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Thành lập </div></th><td>653</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Nam phần tùy thuộc <a href="/wiki/%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Đan Mạch">Đan Mạch</a> </div></th><td>876</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Nam phần tùy thuộc <a href="/wiki/Na_Uy" title="Na Uy">Na Uy</a> </div></th><td>914</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Sáp nhập <a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Anh" title="Vương quốc Anh">Vương quốc Anh</a> </div></th><td>954</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:5px;text-align:center;background-color:#E5E5E5;">Kinh tế</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%C6%A1n_v%E1%BB%8B_ti%E1%BB%81n_t%E1%BB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Đơn vị tiền tệ">Đơn vị tiền tệ</a></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sceat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sceat (trang không tồn tại)">Sceat</a> (<i><span lang="ang" title="Văn bản tiếng Anh cổ"><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_English_penny_(c._600_%E2%80%93_1066)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) (trang không tồn tại)">peninga</a></span></i>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#E5E5E5;"> <table style="width:95%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Tiền thân</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Kế tục</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernicia (trang không tồn tại)">Bernicia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deira (trang không tồn tại)">Deira</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rheged&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rheged (trang không tồn tại)">Rheged</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gododdin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gododdin (trang không tồn tại)">Gododdin</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; background:transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Scotland" title="Vương quốc Scotland">Vương quốc Scotland</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Anh" title="Vương quốc Anh">Vương quốc Anh</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Hiện nay là một phần của</th><td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Li%C3%AAn_hi%E1%BB%87p_Anh_v%C3%A0_B%E1%BA%AFc_Ireland" title="Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Bắc Ireland">Anh Quốc</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vương quốc Northumbria</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'n' trong 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɔːr/: 'ar' trong 'war'">ɔːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' trong 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' trong 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'m' trong 'my'">m</span><span title="'b' trong 'buy'">b</span><span title="'r' trong 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' trong 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' trong 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Anh_c%E1%BB%95" title="Tiếng Anh cổ">tiếng Anh cổ</a>: <i><span lang="ang" title="Văn bản tiếng Anh cổ">Norþanhymbra Rīċe</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Latinh" title="Tiếng Latinh">tiếng Latinh</a>: <i><span lang="la">Regnum Northanhymbrorum</span></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> là một quốc gia <a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Angle" title="Người Angle">Angle</a> tồn tại ở trung tâm <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3o_Anh" class="mw-redirect" title="Đảo Anh">đảo Anh</a> giai đoạn 654 - 954. Theo truyền thống, thực thể này được coi là một trong những thành tố tạo nên <a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Li%C3%AAn_hi%E1%BB%87p_Anh_v%C3%A0_Ireland" title="Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Ireland">Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Ireland</a> về mặt <a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Ngôn ngữ">ngôn ngữ</a> và các danh hiệu chính trị - tín ngưỡng liên quan. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Từ_nguyên"><span id="T.E1.BB.AB_nguy.C3.AAn"></span>Từ nguyên</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sửa đổi phần “Từ nguyên”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=1" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Từ nguyên"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Theo các cứ liệu <a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Anh_c%E1%BB%95" title="Tiếng Anh cổ">tiếng Anh cổ</a>, tự dạng <i>Northumbria</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Anh_c%E1%BB%95" title="Tiếng Anh cổ">tiếng Anh cổ</a>: <i><span lang="ang" title="Văn bản tiếng Anh cổ">Norþanhymbre</span></i>) được hiểu là khu vực định cư của sắc tộc phía Bắc miền <a href="/w/index.php?title=Humber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humber (trang không tồn tại)">Humber</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lịch_sử"><span id="L.E1.BB.8Bch_s.E1.BB.AD"></span>Lịch sử</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sửa đổi phần “Lịch sử”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=2" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Lịch sử"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khu vực nay là <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a> thời <a href="/wiki/Anh_thu%E1%BB%99c_La_M%C3%A3" title="Anh thuộc La Mã">Anh thuộc La Mã</a> mạt kì hẵng còn thưa vắng với các nhóm man tộc cùng quan binh <a href="/wiki/La_M%C3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="La Mã">La Mã</a>. Bắt đầu từ <a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Thế kỷ VI">thế kỷ VI</a> khi người <a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Sachsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Người Sachsen">Sachsen</a> tới định cư đã diễn ra những cuộc giao tranh cho đến thỏa hiệp giữa các nhóm man tộc nhằm đảm bảo lợi ích về thực phẩm và nước uống. Tuy nhiên, sự hợp chủng trong tiến trình giao thoa ngôn ngữ và sắc tộc khiến người Northumbria không được coi là chung huyết thống với người <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> hay <a href="/wiki/Anh" title="Anh">Anh</a> hiện đại - những nhóm sẽ đến muộn hơn ở vài <a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7" title="Thế kỷ">thế kỷ</a> sau. </p> <ul><li><b>Thống nhất Bryneich-Derenrice</b> (654 - 665)</li></ul> <p>Theo tạp thư của thánh <a href="/wiki/Bede" class="mw-redirect" title="Bede">Bede</a>, năm 654 đã diễn ra sự kiện hợp nhất hai tiểu quốc <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernicia (trang không tồn tại)">Bryneich</a> và <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deira (trang không tồn tại)">Derenrice</a> thành <b>vương quốc Northumbria</b>, mà ý nghĩa nguyên danh đã phản ánh tính chất đa dạng văn hóa chủng tộc thời kì đầu. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oswiu_of_Northumbria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oswiu of Northumbria (trang không tồn tại)">Ōswīg</a> - chúa tể <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernicia (trang không tồn tại)">Bryneich</a> được tôn làm quốc vương thông qua cuộc hôn nhân với người con gái nặc danh của vua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deira (trang không tồn tại)">Derenrice</a> là <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edwin_of_Northumbria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edwin of Northumbria (trang không tồn tại)">Ēadwine</a>. </p> <ul><li><b>Vương quốc Northumbria</b> (665 - 875)</li></ul> <p>Trong khoảng ba <a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7" title="Thế kỷ">thế kỷ</a>, Northumbria bành trướng dần và án ngữ khu vực trung tâm <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3o_Anh" class="mw-redirect" title="Đảo Anh">đảo Anh</a>, mà nay là Trung-Nam <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> và Bắc <a href="/wiki/Anh" title="Anh">Anh</a>. Người Northumbria tận dụng không gian địa lý nhiều núi đá ít sông hồ để tiến dần về <a href="/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_B%E1%BA%AFc" title="Biển Bắc">biển Bắc</a>, có hạm đội tiến được tới các mỏm đất nay thuộc <a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A7n_Lan" title="Phần Lan">Phần Lan</a>, có quan hệ thương mại chặt chẽ với các liệt cường <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> và còn nhiều lần giúp quân <a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Sachsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Người Sachsen">Sachsen</a> đánh bại các cánh quân <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_La_M%C3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Đông La Mã">La Mã</a>. </p> <ul><li><b>Anglia thuộc Đan Mạch</b> (876 - 914)</li></ul> <p>Những cuộc xâm lăng thô bạo của <a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Viking" title="Người Viking">người Viking</a> khiến quốc gia Northumbria lâm vào tình thế bị động và suy giảm khả năng phòng thủ. Để tránh các mối nguy suy sụp hoàn toàn, người Northumbria phải tiếp nhận sự bảo hộ dù nửa vời của <a href="/wiki/%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Đan Mạch">Đan Mạch</a>. Động thái này được coi là nhiều tính ngoại giao hơn thực tế. Từ những năm này, Northumbria phải chịu cống nạp cho <a href="/wiki/%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Đan Mạch">Đan Mạch</a> dưới hình thức đóng thuế thương mại. </p> <ul><li><b>Anglia thuộc <a href="/wiki/Na_Uy" title="Na Uy">Na Uy</a></b> (914 - 954)</li></ul> <p>Northumbria phân rã thành nhiều lãnh địa với chức năng tương đương một tiểu quốc. Triều đình Northumbria đánh mất tính chính thống và bị cô lập, phải dựa vào sự hỗ trợ của <a href="/wiki/Na_Uy" title="Na Uy">Na Uy</a> về mặt quân sự. Nhìn chung ở giai đoạn cuối cùng này, Northumbria thu nhỏ chỉ còn bằng một tỉnh của vương quốc <a href="/wiki/Anh" title="Anh">Anh</a>. Sau đó, nó bị phân mảnh ra cho các vua <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> và <a href="/wiki/Anh" title="Anh">Anh</a> theo hình thức nhượng địa có lãi suất. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Văn_hóa"><span id="V.C4.83n_h.C3.B3a"></span>Văn hóa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sửa đổi phần “Văn hóa”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=3" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Văn hóa"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Northumbria xuất hiện ở giai đoạn đầu <a href="/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_s%E1%BB%AD" title="Lịch sử">lịch sử</a> <a href="/wiki/Anh_qu%E1%BB%91c" class="mw-redirect" title="Anh quốc">Anh quốc</a> độc lập, khi bắt đầu có các khái niệm bản địa hóa <a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Ngôn ngữ">ngôn ngữ</a> - triết lí <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%ADnh_tr%E1%BB%8B" title="Chính trị">chính trị</a> trước sự ảnh hưởng của văn minh <a href="/wiki/La_M%C3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="La Mã">La Mã</a>. <a href="/wiki/V%C4%83n_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Văn học">Văn học</a> và <a href="/wiki/%C3%82m_nh%E1%BA%A1c" title="Âm nhạc">âm nhạc</a> Northumbria hình thành nhờ các nhóm sắc tộc ít ỏi vùng Trung <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3o_Anh" class="mw-redirect" title="Đảo Anh">Anh</a> đã góp phần được coi là lớn nhất trong sự phát triển văn hóa <a href="/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_Anh" title="Quần đảo Anh">quần đảo Anh</a> trung kì <a href="/wiki/Trung_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i" title="Trung đại">trung đại</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ảnh_hưởng"><span id=".E1.BA.A2nh_h.C6.B0.E1.BB.9Fng"></span>Ảnh hưởng</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sửa đổi phần “Ảnh hưởng”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=4" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Ảnh hưởng"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ho%C3%A0ng_gia_Anh" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoàng gia Anh">Vương thất Anh</a> ngày nay tự coi là sự kế thừa các vương thất từng được công nhận trong <a href="/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_s%E1%BB%AD" title="Lịch sử">lịch sử</a> <a href="/wiki/Anh_qu%E1%BB%91c" class="mw-redirect" title="Anh quốc">Anh quốc</a>, trong đó có Northumbria. Thành tố Northumbria trong kim miện <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_Anh" title="Đế quốc Anh">Đế quốc Anh</a> gồm: <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_x%E1%BB%A9_York" title="Công tước xứ York">Công tước York</a>, hai sọc đỏ-vàng trên vương kì. </p><p>Trong kịch phẩm <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i> của tác giả <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, nhân vật vương tử <a href="/wiki/%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Đan Mạch">Đan Mạch</a> Hamlet được dượng Claudius cử làm đặc sứ <a href="/wiki/%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Đan Mạch">Đan Mạch</a> tới Northumbria đòi khoản cống nạp thường niên, nhưng mục đích là sai người ám sát chàng trên thuyền rồi đổ lỗi cho vua Northumbria để có cớ xâm lăng. </p><p>Trong phim <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Vikings_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Vikings (film) (trang không tồn tại)">Người Vikingr</a></i> năm 1958 dựa theo tác phẩm của <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edison_Marshall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edison Marshall (trang không tồn tại)">Edison Marshall</a> có đề cập đến cuộc chiến tranh kim miện Northumbria giữa vua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ragnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ragnar (trang không tồn tại)">Ragnar</a> <a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Viking" title="Người Viking">người Viking</a> với các vua gốc Northumbria gồm <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aella (trang không tồn tại)">Ælla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecgberht_I_of_Northumbria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecgberht I of Northumbria (trang không tồn tại)">Ecgberht</a> và đứa con rơi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Bloodaxe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Bloodaxe (trang không tồn tại)">Eiríkr Haraldsson</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xem_thêm"><span id="Xem_th.C3.AAm"></span>Xem thêm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sửa đổi phần “Xem thêm”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=5" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Xem thêm"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71936381">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70981351">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Northumbria?uselang=vi">Vương quốc Northumbria</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Li%C3%AAn_hi%E1%BB%87p_Anh_v%C3%A0_Ireland" title="Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Ireland">Anh và Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Scotland" title="Vương quốc Scotland">Vương quốc Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Cumbria" title="Tiếng Cumbria">Tiếng Cumbria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=6" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tham khảo"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-4" style="-moz-column-count: 4; -webkit-column-count: 4; column-count: 4; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBede1898">Bede 1898</a> Book I, chapter 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBosworth1898">Bosworth 1898</a>, tr. 725</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tài_liệu"><span id="T.C3.A0i_li.E1.BB.87u"></span>Tài liệu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tài liệu”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=7" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tài liệu"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67233549">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFAger2012" class="citation web cs1">Ager, B.M. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/504460">“Record ID: YORYM-CEE620 – Early Medieval hoard”</a>. <i>Portable Antiquities Scheme</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 5 năm 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portable+Antiquities+Scheme&rft.atitle=Record+ID%3A+YORYM-CEE620+%E2%80%93+Early+Medieval+hoard&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Ager&rft.aufirst=B.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffinds.org.uk%2Fdatabase%2Fartefacts%2Frecord%2Fid%2F504460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFAllot1974" class="citation book cs1">Allot, Stephen (1974). <a href="/wiki/Alcuin" title="Alcuin"><i>Alcuin of York: His Life and Letters</i></a>. William Sessions Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0900657214" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0900657214"><bdi>978-0900657214</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alcuin+of+York%3A+His+Life+and+Letters&rft.pub=William+Sessions+Limited&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0900657214&rft.aulast=Allot&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFAlcuinus2006" class="citation web cs1">Alcuinus, Flaccus Albinus (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/30_10_0735-0804-_Alcuinus,_Flaccus_Albinus.html">“Excerpta ex Migne Patrologia Latina: Latinum - Latino - Latin”</a>. <i>Documenta Catholica Omnia</i>. Cooperatorum Veritatis Societas<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 3 tháng 4 năm 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Documenta+Catholica+Omnia&rft.atitle=Excerpta+ex+Migne+Patrologia+Latina%3A+Latinum+-+Latino+-+Latin&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Alcuinus&rft.aufirst=Flaccus+Albinus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.documentacatholicaomnia.eu%2F30_10_0735-0804-_Alcuinus%2C_Flaccus_Albinus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBede1969" class="citation book cs1">Bede (1969). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertram_Colgrave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertram Colgrave (trang không tồn tại)">Colgrave, Bertram</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=R._A._B._Mynors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R. A. B. Mynors (trang không tồn tại)">Mynors, R. A. B.</a> (biên tập). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historia_ecclesiastica_gentis_Anglorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (trang không tồn tại)"><i>Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People</i></a>. Oxford: Clarendon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-19-822202-6" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-19-822202-6"><bdi>978-0-19-822202-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bede%27s+Ecclesiastical+History+of+the+English+People&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=978-0-19-822202-6&rft.au=Bede&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span> (Parallel Latin text and English translation with English notes.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBede2008" class="citation book cs1">Bede (2008). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertram_Colgrave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertram Colgrave (trang không tồn tại)">Colgrave, Bertram</a>; McClure; Collins (biên tập). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historia_ecclesiastica_gentis_Anglorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (trang không tồn tại)"><i>Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0199537235" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0199537235"><bdi>978-0199537235</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bede%27s+Ecclesiastical+History+of+the+English+People&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0199537235&rft.au=Bede&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBede1898" class="citation book cs1">Bede (1898). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Nolan_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Nolan Miller (trang không tồn tại)">Miller, Thomas</a> (biên tập). <i>The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People</i>. London: Published for the Early English Text Society by Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hdl_(%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hdl (định danh) (trang không tồn tại)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fyale.39002053190329">2027/yale.39002053190329</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Old+English+Version+of+Bede%27s+Ecclesiastical+History+of+the+English+People&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Published+for+the+Early+English+Text+Society+by+Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1898&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fyale.39002053190329&rft.au=Bede&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBede1990" class="citation book cs1">Bede (1990). Latham, R. E. (biên tập). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historia_ecclesiastica_gentis_Anglorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (trang không tồn tại)"><i>Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People</i></a>. Translated by Leo Sherley-Price. London: Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780140445657" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780140445657"><bdi>9780140445657</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bede%27s+Ecclesiastical+History+of+the+English+People&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780140445657&rft.au=Bede&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBedeEddius_StephanusFarmer1983" class="citation book cs1">Bede; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_of_Ripon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen of Ripon (trang không tồn tại)">Eddius Stephanus</a>; Farmer, David Hugh (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ageofbede00vari"><i>The Age of Bede</i></a>. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780140444377" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780140444377"><bdi>9780140444377</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+Bede&rft.place=Harmondsworth%2C+Middlesex%2C+England&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780140444377&rft.au=Bede&rft.au=Eddius+Stephanus&rft.au=Farmer%2C+David+Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fageofbede00vari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1885" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Thomas biên tập (1885). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historia_Regum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historia Regum (trang không tồn tại)"><i>Historia Regum (Anglorum et Dacorum)</i></a>. 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Sutton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780862997304" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780862997304"><bdi>9780862997304</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+kingdom+of+Northumbria%3A+AD+350%E2%80%931100&rft.place=Dover%2C+NH&rft.pub=A.+Sutton&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780862997304&rft.aulast=Higham&rft.aufirst=N+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkingdomofnorthum0000high&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBosworth1898" class="citation book cs1">Bosworth, Joseph (1898). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m_o3AQAAMAAJ"><i>An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: Based on the Manuscript Collections of the Late Joseph Bosworth</i></a>. 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Dublin: James Duffy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=St.+Bega%2C+or+Bees%2C+of+Ireland%2C+Virgin&rft.btitle=The+Lives+of+the+Fathers%2C+Martyrs%2C+and+Other+Principal+Saints&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=James+Duffy&rft.date=1866&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Alban&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2F210%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBaugh2002" class="citation book cs1">Baugh, Albert C (2002). <i>A History of the English Language</i> (ấn bản thứ 5). 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New York: Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9781403972996" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9781403972996"><bdi>9781403972996</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Celtic+and+Roman+Traditions%3A+Conflict+and+Consensus+in+the+Early+Medieval+Church&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9781403972996&rft.aulast=Corning&rft.aufirst=Caitlin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFCuestaLedesmaSilva2008" class="citation journal cs1">Cuesta, Julia Fernández; Ledesma, Nieves RodrÍguez; Silva, Inmaculada Senra (2008). “Towards a History of Northern English: Early and Late Northumbrian”. <i>Studia Neophilologica</i>. <b>80</b> (2): 132–159. <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00393270802493217">10.1080/00393270802493217</a>. <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A3_s%E1%BB%91_ti%C3%AAu_chu%E1%BA%A9n_qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF_cho_xu%E1%BA%A5t_b%E1%BA%A3n_ph%E1%BA%A9m_nhi%E1%BB%81u_k%E1%BB%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Mã số tiêu chuẩn quốc tế cho xuất bản phẩm nhiều kỳ">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0039-3274">0039-3274</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (định danh)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161587451">161587451</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+Neophilologica&rft.atitle=Towards+a+History+of+Northern+English%3A+Early+and+Late+Northumbrian&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=132-159&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161587451%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0039-3274&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00393270802493217&rft.aulast=Cuesta&rft.aufirst=Julia+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.au=Ledesma%2C+Nieves+Rodr%C3%8Dguez&rft.au=Silva%2C+Inmaculada+Senra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFDownham2004" class="citation journal cs1">Downham, Clare (2004). “Eric Bloodaxe – Axed? The Mystery of the Last Scandinavian King of York”. <i>Medieval Scandinavia</i>. <b>14</b>: 51–77.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medieval+Scandinavia&rft.atitle=Eric+Bloodaxe+%E2%80%93+Axed%3F+The+Mystery+of+the+Last+Scandinavian+King+of+York&rft.volume=14&rft.pages=51-77&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Downham&rft.aufirst=Clare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFDownham2007" class="citation book cs1">Downham, Clare (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j-sWAQAAIAAJ"><i>Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014</i></a>. Dunedin Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-903765-89-0" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-903765-89-0"><bdi>978-1-903765-89-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Viking+Kings+of+Britain+and+Ireland%3A+The+Dynasty+of+%C3%8Dvarr+to+A.D.+1014&rft.pub=Dunedin+Academic+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-903765-89-0&rft.aulast=Downham&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj-sWAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFFleming2010" class="citation book cs1">Fleming, Robin (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britainafterrome0000flem"><i>Britain after Rome: The Fall and Rise 400 to 1070</i></a>. London: Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780140148237" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780140148237"><bdi>9780140148237</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britain+after+Rome%3A+The+Fall+and+Rise+400+to+1070&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780140148237&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbritainafterrome0000flem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFFairless1994" class="citation book cs1">Fairless, Peter J (1994). <i>Northumbria's Golden Age: the Kingdom of Northumbria, Ad 547-735</i>. York, England: W. 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Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-300-12535-1" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-300-12535-1"><bdi>978-0-300-12535-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=AEthelstan%3A+The+First+King+of+England&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2011-07-12&rft.isbn=978-0-300-12535-1&rft.aulast=Foot&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGcicU-6AmVcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFGoffart1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Goffart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Goffart (trang không tồn tại)">Goffart, Walter A.</a> (1988). <i>The Narrators of Barbarian History (A. 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Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-691-05514-5" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-691-05514-5"><bdi>978-0-691-05514-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Narrators+of+Barbarian+History+%28A.+D.+550%E2%80%93800%29%3A+Jordanes%2C+Gregory+of+Tours%2C+Bede%2C+and+Paul+the+Deacon&rft.place=Princeton%2C+N.J.&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-691-05514-5&rft.aulast=Goffart&rft.aufirst=Walter+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFHadley2002" class="citation cs2">Hadley, Dawn (2002), “Viking and native: re–thinking identity in the Danelaw”, <i>Early Medieval Europe</i> (bằng tiếng English), <b>11</b> (1): 45–70, <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-0254.00100">10.1111/1468-0254.00100</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Early+Medieval+Europe&rft.atitle=Viking+and+native%3A+re%E2%80%93thinking+identity+in+the+Danelaw&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=45-70&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1468-0254.00100&rft.aulast=Hadley&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Quản lý CS1: ngôn ngữ không rõ (<a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Qu%E1%BA%A3n_l%C3%BD_CS1:_ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_kh%C3%B4ng_r%C3%B5" title="Thể loại:Quản lý CS1: ngôn ngữ không rõ">liên kết</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/art/Hiberno-Saxon-style">“Hiberno-Saxon style”</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 5 năm 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft.atitle=Hiberno-Saxon+style&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2FHiberno-Saxon-style&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFHope-Taylor1983" class="citation book cs1">Hope-Taylor, Brian (1983). <i>Yeavering: An Anglo-British Centre of Early Northumbria</i>. Department of the Environmental Archaeological Reports. 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Boydell Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-84383-628-5" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-84383-628-5"><bdi>978-1-84383-628-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Anglo-Saxon+England&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84383-628-5&rft.aulast=Karkov&rft.aufirst=Catherine+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWD575Kdah-EC%26pg%3DPA304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFKirby1991" class="citation book cs1">Kirby, D. P. (tháng 1 năm 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sXqXQgAACAAJ"><i>The Earliest English Kings</i></a>. Unwin Hyman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-04-445692-6" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-04-445692-6"><bdi>978-0-04-445692-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Earliest+English+Kings&rft.pub=Unwin+Hyman&rft.date=1991-01&rft.isbn=978-0-04-445692-6&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=D.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsXqXQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFLapidge2006" class="citation book cs1">Lapidge, Michael (ngày 26 tháng 1 năm 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z1HbVyElFD4C"><i>The Anglo-Saxon Library</i></a>. OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-19-153301-3" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-19-153301-3"><bdi>978-0-19-153301-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Saxon+Library&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2006-01-26&rft.isbn=978-0-19-153301-3&rft.aulast=Lapidge&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz1HbVyElFD4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFLapidgeBlairKeynesScragg2013" class="citation book cs1">Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (ngày 2 tháng 10 năm 2013). <i>Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England</i>. 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Macmillan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Schools+of+Medieval+England&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1915&rft.aulast=Leach&rft.aufirst=Arthur+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvyKV-3p7u50C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFMacLean1997" class="citation book cs1">MacLean, Douglas (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kb-u7jlAZXkC">“King Oswald's wooden Cross at Heavenfield in Context”</a>. Trong Catherine E. Karkov; Michael Ryan; Robert T. Farrell (biên tập). <i>The Insular Tradition: A Resource Manual</i>. SUNY Press. tr. 79–98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-7914-3455-0" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-7914-3455-0"><bdi>978-0-7914-3455-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=King+Oswald%27s+wooden+Cross+at+Heavenfield+in+Context&rft.btitle=The+Insular+Tradition%3A+A+Resource+Manual&rft.pages=79-98&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-3455-0&rft.aulast=MacLean&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKb-u7jlAZXkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFMunchOlsen1926" class="citation book cs1">Munch, Peter Andreas; Olsen, Magnus Bernhard (1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-hDpjgEACAAJ"><i>Norse mythology: legends of gods and heroes</i></a>. The American-Scandinavian Foundation.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Norse+mythology%3A+legends+of+gods+and+heroes&rft.pub=The+American-Scandinavian+Foundation&rft.date=1926&rft.aulast=Munch&rft.aufirst=Peter+Andreas&rft.au=Olsen%2C+Magnus+Bernhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-hDpjgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFGradon1958" class="citation book cs1">Gradon, P.O.E. biên tập (1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJMZMwEACAAJ"><i>Cynewulf's Elene</i></a>. London: Methuen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cynewulf%27s+Elene&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1958&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZJMZMwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFNeuman_de_Vegvar1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Neuman_de_Vegvar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Neuman de Vegvar (trang không tồn tại)">Neuman de Vegvar</a>, Carol L. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=py8pjwEACAAJ"><i>The Northumbrian Golden Age: The Parameters of a Renaisssance</i></a>. University Microfilms.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Northumbrian+Golden+Age%3A+The+Parameters+of+a+Renaisssance&rft.pub=University+Microfilms&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Neuman+de+Vegvar&rft.aufirst=Carol+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpy8pjwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFNordenfalk1976" class="citation book cs1">Nordenfalk, Carl (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/celticanglosaxon1977nord"><i>Celtic and Anglo-Saxon Painting: Book illumination in the British Isles 600–800</i></a>. New York: George Braziller. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-8076-0825-8" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-8076-0825-8"><bdi>978-0-8076-0825-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celtic+and+Anglo-Saxon+Painting%3A+Book+illumination+in+the+British+Isles+600%E2%80%93800&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=George+Braziller&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-8076-0825-8&rft.aulast=Nordenfalk&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcelticanglosaxon1977nord&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFOwen-Crocker1986" class="citation book cs1">Owen-Crocker, Gale R. (1986). <i>Dress in Anglo-Saxon England</i>. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dress+in+Anglo-Saxon+England&rft.place=Manchester%2C+UK&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Owen-Crocker&rft.aufirst=Gale+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFPächt1986" class="citation book cs1">Pächt, Otto (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C5vWAAAAMAAJ"><i>Book Illumination in the Middle Ages: An Introduction</i></a>. H. Miller Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-19-921060-2" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-19-921060-2"><bdi>978-0-19-921060-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Book+Illumination+in+the+Middle+Ages%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pub=H.+Miller+Pub.&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-19-921060-2&rft.aulast=P%C3%A4cht&rft.aufirst=Otto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC5vWAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFPetts2011" class="citation book cs1">Petts, David, Dr.; Turner, Sam, Dr. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OXCfSgAACAAJ"><i>Early Medieval Northumbria: Kingdoms and Communities, AD 450-1100</i></a>. Isd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-2-503-52822-9" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-2-503-52822-9"><bdi>978-2-503-52822-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Medieval+Northumbria%3A+Kingdoms+and+Communities%2C+AD+450-1100&rft.pub=Isd&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-2-503-52822-9&rft.aulast=Petts&rft.aufirst=David%2C+Dr.%3B+Turner%2C+Sam%2C+Dr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOXCfSgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFRollason2003" class="citation book cs1">Rollason, David (ngày 25 tháng 9 năm 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4mSogG6ZqN4C"><i>Northumbria, 500-1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom</i></a>. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-521-81335-8" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-521-81335-8"><bdi>978-0-521-81335-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Northumbria%2C+500-1100%3A+Creation+and+Destruction+of+a+Kingdom&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK%3B+New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003-09-25&rft.isbn=978-0-521-81335-8&rft.aulast=Rollason&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4mSogG6ZqN4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1991" class="citation book cs1">Richards, J. D. 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London: Chatto & Windus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-7011-2514-1" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-7011-2514-1"><bdi>978-0-7011-2514-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Selected+Papers%2C+volume+3%2C+Late+Antique%2C+Early+Catholic+and+Mediaeval+Art&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-7011-2514-1&rft.aulast=Schapiro&rft.aufirst=Meyer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flateantiqueearly0000scha_t6t9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFSawyer2013" class="citation book cs1">Sawyer, Peter (2013). <i>The Wealth of Anglo-Saxon England</i>. 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OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-19-280139-5" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-19-280139-5"><bdi>978-0-19-280139-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anglo-Saxon+England&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2001-06-07&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280139-5&rft.aulast=Stenton&rft.aufirst=Frank+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkIwiKnT_bRQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFGoffart2005" class="citation book cs1">Goffart, Walter (2005). <i>The narrators of barbarian history (A.D. 550-800): Jordanes, Gregory of Tours, Bede, and Paul the Deacon</i>. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9780268029678" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/9780268029678"><bdi>9780268029678</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+narrators+of+barbarian+history+%28A.D.+550-800%29%3A+Jordanes%2C+Gregory+of+Tours%2C+Bede%2C+and+Paul+the+Deacon&rft.place=Notre+Dame%2C+Ind&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780268029678&rft.aulast=Goffart&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFVenning2014" class="citation book cs1">Venning, Timothy (ngày 30 tháng 1 năm 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-TaoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT4"><i>The Kings & Queens of Anglo-Saxon England</i></a>. Amberley Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-4456-2459-4" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-4456-2459-4"><bdi>978-1-4456-2459-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kings+%26+Queens+of+Anglo-Saxon+England&rft.pub=Amberley+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2014-01-30&rft.isbn=978-1-4456-2459-4&rft.aulast=Venning&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-TaoAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamsAlfred_P._SmythD._P._Kirby1991" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Ann; Alfred P. Smyth; D. P. Kirby (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jR376Dp1OFIC&pg=PA71">“Athelstan, king of Wessex 924-39”</a>. <i>A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain: England, Scotland, and Wales, C. 500-c. 1050</i>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-85264-047-7" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-85264-047-7"><bdi>978-1-85264-047-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Athelstan%2C+king+of+Wessex+924-39&rft.btitle=A+Biographical+Dictionary+of+Dark+Age+Britain%3A+England%2C+Scotland%2C+and+Wales%2C+C.+500-c.+1050&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-1-85264-047-7&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.au=Alfred+P.+Smyth&rft.au=D.+P.+Kirby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjR376Dp1OFIC%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWoodman2015" class="citation journal cs1">Woodman, D. A. (tháng 3 năm 2015). “Charters, Northumbria and the Unification of England in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries”. <i>Northern History</i>. <b>LII</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (định danh)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/60626360">60626360</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northern+History&rft.atitle=Charters%2C+Northumbria+and+the+Unification+of+England+in+the+Tenth+and+Eleventh+Centuries&rft.volume=LII&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2015-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60626360&rft.aulast=Woodman&rft.aufirst=D.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWood2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Wood, Ian (2008). “Thrymas, Sceattas and the Cult of the Cross”. <i>Two Decades of Discovery</i>. Studies in Early Medieval Coinage. <b>1</b>. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. tr. 23–30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-84383-371-0" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-84383-371-0"><bdi>978-1-84383-371-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Thrymas%2C+Sceattas+and+the+Cult+of+the+Cross&rft.btitle=Two+Decades+of+Discovery&rft.place=Woodbridge%2C+UK&rft.series=Studies+in+Early+Medieval+Coinage&rft.pages=23-30&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-84383-371-0&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWoolf1955" class="citation book cs1">Woolf, Rosemary (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/juliana0000rose"><i>Juliana</i></a>. London: Methuen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Juliana&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Woolf&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjuliana0000rose&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFWormald1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Wormald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Wormald (trang không tồn tại)">Wormald, Patrick</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/makingofenglishl0000worm"><i>The Making of English Law: King Alfred to the Twelfth Century</i></a>. Oxford: Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-631-13496-1" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-631-13496-1"><bdi>978-0-631-13496-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+English+Law%3A+King+Alfred+to+the+Twelfth+Century&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-631-13496-1&rft.aulast=Wormald&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmakingofenglishl0000worm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFYorke1990" class="citation book cs1">Yorke, Barbara (ngày 1 tháng 1 năm 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4iAXAQAAIAAJ"><i>Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England</i></a>. Seaby. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-1-85264-027-9" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-1-85264-027-9"><bdi>978-1-85264-027-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kings+and+Kingdoms+of+Early+Anglo-Saxon+England&rft.pub=Seaby&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-85264-027-9&rft.aulast=Yorke&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4iAXAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AV%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+qu%E1%BB%91c+Northumbria" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tư_liệu"><span id="T.C6.B0_li.E1.BB.87u"></span>Tư liệu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tư liệu”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Northumbria&action=edit&section=8" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tư liệu"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lowlands-l.net">Lowlands-L, An e-mail discussion list for those who share an interest in the languages & cultures of the Lowlands</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lowlands-l.net/index.php?page=northumbrian">Lowlands-L in Nothumbrian</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.northumbrianassociation.com/">Northumbrian Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.northumbriana.org.uk/langsoc/index.htm">Northumbrian Language Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nspipes.co.uk/nsp/">Northumbrian Small Pipes Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birchmore.org/northumbria/index.html">Northumbrian Traditional Music</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitnorthumberland.com/">Visit Northumberland – The Official Visitor Site for Northumberland</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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