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Just don't go around selling it as a cure for cancer.</div></div></div> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #33CC00; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:White; background-color:#33CC00"><b>Live, reproduce, die</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology"><font size="4" color="White"><b>Biology</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#e1ffd6;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Biology" title="Category:Biology"><img alt="Icon bioDNA.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/d/d1/Icon_bioDNA.svg/100px-Icon_bioDNA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/d/d1/Icon_bioDNA.svg/150px-Icon_bioDNA.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/d/d1/Icon_bioDNA.svg/200px-Icon_bioDNA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#33CC00; text-align:center;"><b>Life as we know it</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#e1ffd6;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell" title="Cell">Fundamental unit of life: The cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoology" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoology">Zoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botany" class="mw-redirect" title="Botany">Botany</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#33CC00; text-align:center;"><b>Divide and multiply</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#e1ffd6;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid" title="Hybrid">Hybrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homo_habilis" title="Homo habilis">Homo habilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rice" title="Golden Rice">Golden Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#33CC00; text-align:center;"><b>Great Apes</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#e1ffd6;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Huxley" title="Thomas Henry Huxley">Thomas Henry Huxley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Koonin" title="Eugene Koonin">Eugene Koonin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Drinker_Cope" title="Edward Drinker Cope">Edward Drinker Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M.S._Swaminathan" title="M.S. Swaminathan">M.S. Swaminathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulda_Clark" title="Hulda Clark">Hulda Clark</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Biology" title="Template:Biology">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Biology" title="Template talk:Biology">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Biology&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vitamin C</b>, also known as <b>ascorbic acid</b> (chemical formula <b>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>6</sub></b>), is a micronutrient, and likely the most common in supplements. Humans require it in small doses to promote normal bodily functions and to prevent the onset of pirate disease.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[note 1]</a></sup> It is found in fruits, vegetables and the artificial supplements obnoxious <a href="/wiki/Woo" title="Woo">woo</a> peddlers force on the unsuspecting masses in order to get their hard earned <a href="/wiki/Money" title="Money">money</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#The_facts"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">The facts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#The_nonsense"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">The nonsense</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Cure_for_cancer"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Cure for cancer</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Cure_for_the_common_cold"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Cure for the common cold</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Cure_for_COVID-19"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Cure for COVID-19</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="The_facts">The facts</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The facts">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Every human needs vitamin C in their diet, since it cannot be produced by the body. It's necessary for the production of collagen (a type of structural <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>) and certain hormones. It also facilitates the body's natural responses when it comes to blood clotting and infections. Since vitamin C dissolves in <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, the body can't store it for later use — the body absorbs what it needs and any excess is peed out. This is why it has to be consumed every single day.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a></sup> </p><p>The amount that a person needs depends on factors like age, biological sex, <a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">pregnancy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smoking" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoking">smoking</a>: </p> <center> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Recommended daily intake of Vitamin C </th></tr> <tr> <td>Infants 0 to 6 months </td> <td>40 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Infants 7 to 12 months </td> <td>50 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Children aged 1 to 3 </td> <td>15 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Children aged 4 to 8 </td> <td>25 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Children aged 9 to 13 </td> <td>45 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Females aged 14 to 18 </td> <td>65 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Males aged 14 to 18 </td> <td>75 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Females aged 19 and over </td> <td>75 milligrams </td></tr> <tr> <td>Males aged 19 and over </td> <td>90 milligrams </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <p>Pregnancy and <a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">breastfeeding</a> require an increased intake (as high as 120 milligrams for a breastfeeding adult) and smokers need an <i>additional</i> 35 milligrams everyday on top of their recommended daily intake.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a></sup> Seeing as how an average orange has around 53 milligrams of vitamin C in it,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a></sup> it's not particularly hard to hit the necessary targets without taking artificial supplements. </p><p>There <i>is</i> such a thing as an upper limit, though it's quite high, because of the whole water soluble thing. It's about 2,000 milligrams a day. Excessive consumption can lead to side effects, none of them positive (unless one considers stuff like vomiting, headaches and diarrhoea a positive).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="The_nonsense">The nonsense</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The nonsense">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span>75% of all <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> can be prevented and cured by vitamin C alone.</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a>, <a href="/wiki/PIDOOMA" title="PIDOOMA">pulling numbers directly out of his ass</a><sup id="cite_ref-Gorski_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gorski-7">[6]</a></sup></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The promotion of vitamin C as a cure for various ailments has been going on for decades, but the most prominent advocate of the supplement was one Linus Pauling. From 1968 until his death in 1994, Pauling claimed that taking doses of vitamin C multiple times above the recommended limit set by medical authorities had numerous health benefits, such as the slowing of aging, the curing of the common cold and the treating of cancer. The doses that he advocated were in the <i>thousands</i> of milligrams; he claimed that he took around 12,000 milligrams a day when he was healthy and 40,000 milligrams when he had a cold.<sup id="cite_ref-Barret_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barret-8">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>Considering that he aged normally like the rest of us mere mortals, had regular colds and eventually <i>died of cancer</i> one might think that his claims shouldn't be of relevance to anybody. And yet, because of his prestigious academic background, Pauling was regularly held up by hacks as an authority on the subjects of nutrition and medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[note 2]</a></sup> He was invited to give talks at events organized by health-food companies and practitioners of <a href="/wiki/CAM" class="mw-redirect" title="CAM">CAM</a> treatments, published numerous books and articles on the powers of vitamin C and even set up his own "scientific institute", which spent most of its resources on producing <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">pseudoscience</a> and silencing his critics.<sup id="cite_ref-Barret_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barret-8">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>The popularity of vitamin C didn't die with Pauling; his ideas are still widely circulated by well known sources of <a href="/wiki/Woo" title="Woo">woo</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/NaturalNews" title="NaturalNews">NaturalNews</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a></sup> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Holford" class="extiw" title="wp:Patrick Holford" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Patrick Holford">Patrick Holford</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[9]</a></sup> as well as the small army of <a href="/wiki/Naturopath" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturopath">naturopaths</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[10]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chiropractic" title="Chiropractic">chiropractors</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[11]</a></sup> and other assorted <a href="/wiki/Cranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Cranks">cranks</a>. Are any of their claims backed by factual evidence? </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cure_for_cancer">Cure for cancer</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cure for cancer">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>No high quality evidence exists that would prove that vitamin C cures cancer. This isn't for lack of trying to find <a href="/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence">evidence</a> though; there have been numerous studies carried out to examine the effects the vitamin might have on tumours.<sup id="cite_ref-Gorski_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gorski-7">[6]</a></sup> It's just that all the properly-designed experiments found that it's completely worthless<sup id="cite_ref-Mayo_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayo-14">[12]</a></sup> and the dodgy experiments that the media occasionally makes a big song and dance about don't even have results that are all that impressive.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[13]</a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, Pauling and his colleague Dr Ewan Cameron published reports about two groups of cancer patients — the test group, made up of 100 cancer patients under the care of Dr Cameron, received 1,000 milligrams of vitamin C daily. Then the records of 1,000 cancer patients who were <i>not</i> treated with vitamin C were dug up from the hospital records — this was their "<a href="/wiki/Control_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Control group">control group</a>". Upon comparing their test group with their <a href="/wiki/Cherry_picked" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherry picked">cherry picked</a> control group, they concluded that (drumroll, please): in the patient group receiving vitamin C "there is a 3-fold increase in survival time, measured from the date when the cancer was pronounced untreatable." Oh. So they weren't cured? How disappointing… but, they lived longer than the control group, right? Well, no, actually. "The date when the cancer was pronounced untreatable" varied <i>hugely</i> between the test group and the control group, because they were done by different doctors. Dr Cameron's 100 hand picked patients were declared untreatable at much earlier stages of their cancers, compared to the 1000 control patients. The fact that test and control patients were not matched by the stages of their diseases was a big design flaw, to say the least. Three subsequent studies carried out by the Mayo Clinic sought to test Pauling's claims and concluded that when all interfering variables are eliminated, vitamin C does <i>nothing beneficial</i> to patients suffering from terminal cancer.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayo_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayo-14">[12]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cure_for_the_common_cold">Cure for the common cold</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cure for the common cold">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>Claims of vitamin C preventing or curing the common cold have also been rejected by high quality, <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer-reviewed</a> scientific papers.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[14]</a></sup> There have been dozens of studies examining the efficacy of vitamin C, given before a cold as a preventative measure or during a cold as a treatment. Some studies looked at taking vitamin C intravenously via injection, some orally in pill form. Regardless of timing, dosage or method of administration, vitamin C performed no better than the <a href="/wiki/Placebo" class="mw-redirect" title="Placebo">placebos</a> and in the cases where the vitamin C group <i>did</i> see differences, the change in symptoms and reduced duration of sickness was so minuscule as to be <a href="/wiki/Statistical_significance" title="Statistical significance">statistically insignificant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[15]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cure_for_COVID-19">Cure for COVID-19</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cure for COVID-19">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:167px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinic_offering_10000_JPY_covid-19_antibody_testing_and_same_price_Vitamin_C.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Clinic_offering_10000_JPY_covid-19_antibody_testing_and_same_price_Vitamin_C.jpg/250px-Clinic_offering_10000_JPY_covid-19_antibody_testing_and_same_price_Vitamin_C.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="124" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Clinic_offering_10000_JPY_covid-19_antibody_testing_and_same_price_Vitamin_C.jpg/330px-Clinic_offering_10000_JPY_covid-19_antibody_testing_and_same_price_Vitamin_C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinic_offering_10000_JPY_covid-19_antibody_testing_and_same_price_Vitamin_C.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Japanese clinic selling both COVID tests and vitamin C</div></div></div> <p>In early 2020 as <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> was starting to sweep the globe, vitamin C was being touted as a cure for the scary new disease. These claims, made by people with PhDs in <a href="/wiki/Bullshit" title="Bullshit">bullshit</a> quickly went viral on <a href="/wiki/Social_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Social media">social media</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[16]</a></sup> but luckily debunking them isn't particularly tedious, mostly because they have provided <a href="/wiki/Logical_razor#Hitchens.27_razor" title="Logical razor">no credible evidence to back up their claims</a>. Although the claim of "vitamin C is necessary for the immune system and the immune system fights COVID" is harmless enough, the idea that <i>extra</i> vitamin C will give someone an <i>extra</i> powerful immune system capable of fighting off a new viral disease is unfounded<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[17]</a></sup> — even if the person making such a claim is <a href="/wiki/Naturopath" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturopath">cosplaying as a real doctor</a> and offers to inject the damn thing directly into your bloodstream.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[18]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">Vitamin D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megavitamin_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Megavitamin therapy">Megavitamin therapy</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Or scurvy, if you want to be all boring about it.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">He had no qualification in either of the fields, however. His Doctorate was in chemistry, as was his <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1954/pauling/facts/">first Nobel Prize. His second one was for Peace.</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-and-minerals/vitamin-c/">Vitamins and minerals - Vitamin C</a> <i>National Health Service of the United Kingdom</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002404.htm">Vitamin C</a> <i>MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia</i> 2 February 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-c/">Vitamin C - The Nutrition Source</a> <i>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health</i> March 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169097/nutrients">Oranges, raw, all commercial varieties</a> <i>FoodData Central (U.S. Department of Agriculture)</i> 1 April 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/vitamin-c/faq-20058030">Is it possible to take too much vitamin C?</a> <i>Mayo Clinic</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gorski-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gorski_7-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gorski_7-1">6.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/high-dose-vitamin-c-and-cancer-has-linus-pauling-been-vindicated/">High dose vitamin C and cancer: Has Linus Pauling been vindicated?</a> <i>Science-Based Medicine</i> 18 August 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barret-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Barret_8-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Barret_8-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quackwatch.org/related/pauling/">The Dark Side of Linus Pauling’s Legacy</a> <i>Quackwatch</i> 14 September 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naturalnews.com/042541_vitamin_C_natural_cures_Andrew_W_Saul.html">Vitamin C proven to cure over 30 major diseases</a> <i>NaturalNews</i> 17 October 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.patrickholford.com/advice/why-we-all-need-to-supplement-vitamin-c">Why We All Need to Supplement Vitamin C</a> <i>Patrick Holford</i> 28 February 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.torontonaturopathicmedicine.ca/vitamin-c-more-than-you-care-to-know-about-it/">Vitamin C – More than you care to know about it!</a> <i>Toronto Centre for Naturopathic Medicine</i> 14 Sepetember 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kansascity.com/news/business/health-care/article242040291.html">KC chiropractor publicizing IV Vitamin C for coronavirus. Doctors say it’s ‘dangerous’</a> <i>The Kansas City Star</i> 16 April 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayo-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mayo_14-0">12.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mayo_14-1">12.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quackwatch.org/related/cancer/c/">High Doses of Vitamin C Are Not Effective as a Cancer Treatment</a> <i>Quackwatch</i> 3 October 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/the-return-of-the-revenge-of-high-dose-vitamin-c-for-cancer/">The return of the revenge of high dose vitamin C for cancer</a> <i>Science-Based Medicine</i> 10 February 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/health-check-should-i-take-vitamin-c-or-other-supplements-for-my-cold-98309">Health Check: should I take vitamin C or other supplements for my cold?</a> <i>The Conversation</i> 5 August 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quackwatch.org/related/DSH/colds/">Vitamin C: Do High Doses Prevent Colds?</a> <i>Quackwatch</i> 18 May 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-factcheck-coronavirus-vitaminc-idUSKCN21X2PV">False claim: Vitamin C cures the new coronavirus</a> <i>Reuters</i> 15 April 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/coronavirus-its-time-to-debunk-claims-that-vitamin-c-could-cure-it-132803">Coronavirus: it’s time to debunk claims that vitamin C could cure it</a> <i>The Conversation</i> 9 March 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/naturopaths-exploit-covid-19-with-unproven-treatments-and-self-promotion/">Naturopaths exploit COVID-19 with unproven treatments and self-promotion</a> <i>Science-Based Medicine</i> 9 April 2020</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="food_woo-navbox" style="clear:both;"> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed autocollapse innercollapse outercollapse navbox nowraplinks" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" style="background:#47374a; color:white; 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Passwater">Richard A. Passwater</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">Bacon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Food_woo" title="Food woo">Food woo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insect</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jilly_Juice" title="Jilly Juice">Jilly Juice</a> • <a href="/wiki/Spam" title="Spam">Spam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Veganism" title="Veganism">Veganism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity">Obesity</a> • </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#47374a; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Food_woo_promoters" title="Category:Food woo promoters"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Promoters:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"> <a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Nutritional_Consultants" title="American Association of Nutritional Consultants">American Association of Nutritional Consultants</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Fagan" title="John Fagan">John Fagan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Food_Babe" title="Food Babe">Food Babe</a> • <a href="/wiki/GreenMedInfo" title="GreenMedInfo">GreenMedInfo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Organic_Consumers_Association" title="Organic Consumers Association">Organic Consumers Association</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vandana_Shiva" title="Vandana Shiva">Vandana Shiva</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anti-Gym" title="Anti-Gym">Anti-Gym</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bulletproof_diet" title="Bulletproof diet">Bulletproof diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joel_Fuhrman" title="Joel Fuhrman">Joel Fuhrman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harmonized_H2O" title="Harmonized H2O">Harmonized H2O</a> • <a href="/wiki/Errol_Denton" title="Errol Denton">Errol Denton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gerson_Therapy" title="Gerson Therapy">Gerson Therapy</a> • <a href="/wiki/MonaVie" title="MonaVie">MonaVie</a> • <a href="/wiki/Purity_Products" title="Purity Products">Purity Products</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Young" title="Robert Young">Robert Young</a> • <a href="/wiki/Matt_Cahill" title="Matt Cahill">Matt Cahill</a> • <a href="/wiki/Life_Extension_Foundation" title="Life Extension Foundation">Life Extension Foundation</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">Rick Scott</a> • <a href="/wiki/David_Wolfe" title="David Wolfe">David Wolfe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a> • <a href="/wiki/PETA" title="PETA">PETA</a> • <a href="/wiki/THINCS" title="THINCS">THINCS</a> • <a href="/wiki/Abd_ul-Rahman_Lomax" title="Abd ul-Rahman Lomax">Abd ul-Rahman Lomax</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Smith" title="Jeffrey Smith">Jeffrey Smith</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bakker" title="Jim Bakker">Jim Bakker</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mehmet_Oz" title="Mehmet Oz">Mehmet Oz</a> • <a href="/wiki/Essene_Gospel_of_Peace" title="Essene Gospel of Peace">Essene Gospel of Peace</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Heinerman" title="John Heinerman">John Heinerman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Natural_Healing" title="Institute for Natural Healing">Institute for Natural Healing</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aseem_Malhotra" title="Aseem Malhotra">Aseem Malhotra</a> • <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Monastyrsky" title="Konstantin Monastyrsky">Konstantin Monastyrsky</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marika_Sboros" title="Marika Sboros">Marika Sboros</a> • <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Kendrick" title="Malcolm Kendrick">Malcolm Kendrick</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gary_Taubes" title="Gary Taubes">Gary Taubes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Health_Digest" title="Consumer Health Digest">Consumer Health Digest</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joel_D._Wallach" title="Joel D. Wallach">Joel D. Wallach</a> • <a href="/wiki/James_DiNicolantonio" title="James DiNicolantonio">James DiNicolantonio</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Lundell" title="Dwight Lundell">Dwight Lundell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chris_Kresser" title="Chris Kresser">Chris Kresser</a> • <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lipman" title="Frank Lipman">Frank Lipman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Dean" title="Carolyn Dean">Carolyn Dean</a> • <a href="/wiki/William_Davis" title="William Davis">William Davis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anthony_William" title="Anthony William">Anthony William</a> • <a href="/wiki/Josh_Axe" title="Josh Axe">Josh Axe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nasha_Winters" title="Nasha Winters">Nasha Winters</a> • <a href="/wiki/H._L._Newbold" title="H. L. Newbold">H. L. Newbold</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tim_Noakes" title="Tim Noakes">Tim Noakes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zo%C3%AB_Harcombe" title="Zoë Harcombe">Zoë Harcombe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Annee_de_Mamiel" title="Annee de Mamiel">Annee de Mamiel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Sarah Palin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Weston_A._Price_Foundation" title="Weston A. Price Foundation">Weston A. Price Foundation</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Savage" title="Michael Savage">Michael Savage</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gary_Null" title="Gary Null">Gary Null</a> • <a href="/wiki/H2Om" title="H2Om">H2Om</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Appleton" title="Nancy Appleton">Nancy Appleton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vinnie_Tortorich" title="Vinnie Tortorich">Vinnie Tortorich</a> • <a href="/wiki/MeMe_Roth" title="MeMe Roth">MeMe Roth</a> • <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Working_Group" title="Environmental Working Group">Environmental Working Group</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eric_Berg" title="Eric Berg">Eric Berg</a> • <a href="/wiki/Varg_Vikernes" title="Varg Vikernes">Varg Vikernes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shawn_Baker" title="Shawn Baker">Shawn Baker</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hunter_Avallone" title="Hunter Avallone">Hunter Avallone</a> • <a href="/wiki/David_Perlmutter" title="David Perlmutter">David Perlmutter</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jake_Angeli" title="Jake Angeli">Jake Angeli</a> • <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Trudeau" title="Kevin Trudeau">Kevin Trudeau</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Saxon" title="Kurt Saxon">Kurt Saxon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dorsey" title="Jack Dorsey">Jack Dorsey</a> • <a href="/wiki/Steve_Pavlina" title="Steve Pavlina">Steve Pavlina</a> • <a href="/wiki/TruthWiki" title="TruthWiki">TruthWiki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lew_Rockwell" title="Lew Rockwell">Lew Rockwell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a> • <a href="/wiki/NaturalNews" title="NaturalNews">NaturalNews</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jethro_Kloss" title="Jethro Kloss">Jethro Kloss</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peterson" title="Jordan Peterson">Jordan Peterson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jason_Fung" title="Jason Fung">Jason Fung</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vegan_Artbook" title="Vegan Artbook">Vegan Artbook</a> • <a href="/wiki/Paul_Saladino" title="Paul Saladino">Paul Saladino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ray_Peat" title="Ray Peat">Ray Peat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Truthstream_Media" title="Truthstream Media">Truthstream Media</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Moore" title="Jimmy Moore">Jimmy Moore</a> • <a href="/wiki/Max_Lugavere" title="Max Lugavere">Max Lugavere</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vegan_Gains" title="Vegan Gains">Vegan Gains</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tom_Naughton" title="Tom Naughton">Tom Naughton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.</a> • </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#47374a; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Diet_woo" title="Category:Diet woo"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Diet woo:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"> <a href="/wiki/Blood_type_diet" title="Blood type diet">Blood type diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Breatharianism" title="Breatharianism">Breatharianism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jesus_diet" title="Jesus diet">Jesus diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lemonade_diet" title="Lemonade diet">Lemonade diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ephedrine" title="Ephedrine">Ephedrine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fasting" title="Fasting">Fasting</a> • <a href="/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia">Inedia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Macrobiotics" title="Macrobiotics">Macrobiotics</a> • <a href="/wiki/Organic_food" title="Organic food">Organic food</a> • <a href="/wiki/Raw_foodism" title="Raw foodism">Raw foodism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fun:Doughism" title="Fun:Doughism">Doughism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alkaline_diet" title="Alkaline diet">Alkaline diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Self_help" title="Self help">Self help</a> • <a href="/wiki/Paleo_diet" title="Paleo diet">Paleo diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/French_paradox" title="French paradox">French paradox</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nutritional_supplement" title="Nutritional supplement">Nutritional supplement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gerson_Therapy" title="Gerson Therapy">Gerson Therapy</a> • <a href="/wiki/Herbalife" title="Herbalife">Herbalife</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">Vitamin D</a> • <a href="/wiki/Creatine" title="Creatine">Creatine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Raw_milk_movement" title="Raw milk movement">Raw milk movement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gluten-free" title="Gluten-free">Gluten-free</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anti-oxidants" title="Anti-oxidants">Anti-oxidants</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fun:Squirrel_diet" title="Fun:Squirrel diet">Squirrel diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_and_mineral_supplements" title="Vitamin and mineral supplements">Vitamin and mineral supplements</a> • <a href="/wiki/Soy" title="Soy">Soy</a> • <a href="/wiki/Trans_fat" title="Trans fat">Trans fat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Errol_Denton" title="Errol Denton">Errol Denton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Coconut_oil" title="Coconut oil">Coconut oil</a> • <a href="/wiki/Glycemic_index" title="Glycemic index">Glycemic index</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isagenix" title="Isagenix">Isagenix</a> • <a href="/wiki/Subway_diet" title="Subway diet">Subway diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Agave_nectar" title="Agave nectar">Agave nectar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sweeteners" title="Sweeteners">Sweeteners</a> • <a href="/wiki/High-fructose_corn_syrup" title="High-fructose corn syrup">High-fructose corn syrup</a> • <a href="/wiki/Neti_pot" title="Neti pot">Neti pot</a> • <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bulletproof_diet" title="Bulletproof diet">Bulletproof diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pro-ana" title="Pro-ana">Pro-ana</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">Carnivora</a> • <a href="/wiki/Geophagia" title="Geophagia">Geophagia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Holland_%26_Barrett" title="Holland & Barrett">Holland & Barrett</a> • <a href="/wiki/Weigh_down_diet" title="Weigh down diet">Weigh down diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Clean_living_movement" title="Clean living movement">Clean living movement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Edward_Howell" title="Edward Howell">Edward Howell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bone_broth" title="Bone broth">Bone broth</a> • <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">Palm oil</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dorsey" title="Jack Dorsey">Jack Dorsey</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">Carrot</a> • <a href="/wiki/Diet_soda" title="Diet soda">Diet soda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Food_dye" title="Food dye">Food dye</a> • <a href="/wiki/Low-carb_diet" title="Low-carb diet">Low-carb diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carnivore_diet" title="Carnivore diet">Carnivore diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Steve_Pavlina" title="Steve Pavlina">Steve Pavlina</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lew_Rockwell" title="Lew Rockwell">Lew Rockwell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Winterson" title="Jeanette Winterson">Jeanette Winterson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Helminthic_therapy" title="Helminthic therapy">Helminthic therapy</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_diet" title="Mediterranean diet">Mediterranean diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fad_diet" title="Fad diet">Fad diet</a> • </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#47374a; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Food_supplement_woo" title="Category:Food supplement woo"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Supplement woo:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"> <a href="/wiki/Ellagic_acid" title="Ellagic acid">Ellagic acid</a> • <a href="/wiki/Apple_cider_vinegar" title="Apple cider vinegar">Apple cider vinegar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Canola_oil" title="Canola oil">Canola oil</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aspartame" title="Aspartame">Aspartame</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chlorella" title="Chlorella">Chlorella</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chlorophyll" title="Chlorophyll">Chlorophyll</a> • <a href="/wiki/Coconut_oil" title="Coconut oil">Coconut oil</a> • <a href="/wiki/Creatine" title="Creatine">Creatine</a> • <a href="/wiki/E_number" title="E number">E number</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rooibos_tea" title="Rooibos tea">Rooibos tea</a> • <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A7a%C3%AD_berry" title="Açaí berry">Açaí berry</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">Vitamin D</a> • <a href="/wiki/Salt_woo" title="Salt woo">Salt woo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Matt_Cahill" title="Matt Cahill">Matt Cahill</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_and_mineral_supplements" title="Vitamin and mineral supplements">Vitamin and mineral supplements</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fun:Soylent_Green" title="Fun:Soylent Green">Soylent Green</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">Rick Scott</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dietary_supplements" title="Dietary supplements">Dietary supplements</a> • <a href="/wiki/Herbal_supplement" title="Herbal supplement">Herbal supplement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Health_Digest" title="Consumer Health Digest">Consumer Health Digest</a> • <a href="/wiki/Activated_charcoal" title="Activated charcoal">Activated charcoal</a> • <a href="/wiki/CEASE_therapy" title="CEASE therapy">CEASE therapy</a> • </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#47374a; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Toxins" title="Category:Toxins"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Toxin woo:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"> <a href="/wiki/Aspartame" title="Aspartame">Aspartame</a> • <a href="/wiki/Canola_oil" title="Canola oil">Canola oil</a> • <a href="/wiki/Microwave" title="Microwave">Microwave</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fun:Broccoli" title="Fun:Broccoli">Broccoli</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cleanse" title="Cleanse">Cleanse</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chemophobia" title="Chemophobia">Chemophobia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Candida" title="Candida">Candida</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nitrites" title="Nitrites">Nitrites</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">Lead</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mercury" title="Mercury">Mercury</a> • <a href="/wiki/Trans_fat" title="Trans fat">Trans fat</a> • <a href="/wiki/E_number" title="E number">E number</a> • <a href="/wiki/Monosodium_glutamate" title="Monosodium glutamate">Monosodium glutamate</a> • <a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">Food allergy</a> • <a href="/wiki/DDT" title="DDT">DDT</a> • <a href="/wiki/Colloidal_silver" title="Colloidal silver">Colloidal silver</a> • <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">Arsenic</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aristolochia" title="Aristolochia">Aristolochia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alcohol" title="Alcohol">Alcohol</a> • <a href="/wiki/Median_lethal_dose" title="Median lethal dose">Median lethal dose</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ayahuasca" title="Ayahuasca">Ayahuasca</a> • <a href="/wiki/Activated_charcoal" title="Activated charcoal">Activated charcoal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">Water</a> • <a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a> • <a href="/wiki/Botox" title="Botox">Botox</a> • <a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Radium</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a> • <a href="/wiki/Real_Water" title="Real Water">Real Water</a> • <a href="/wiki/Toxin" title="Toxin">Toxin</a> • </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#47374a; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Bodybuilding_woo" title="Category:Bodybuilding woo"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">Bodybuilding woo:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"> <a href="/wiki/ECA_stack" title="ECA stack">ECA stack</a> • <a href="/wiki/Creatine" title="Creatine">Creatine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ephedrine" title="Ephedrine">Ephedrine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fad_diet" title="Fad diet">Fad diet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_caveman_movement" title="Urban caveman movement">Urban caveman movement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anti-Gym" title="Anti-Gym">Anti-Gym</a> • <a href="/wiki/Human_chorionic_gonadotrophin" title="Human chorionic gonadotrophin">Human chorionic gonadotrophin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bodybuilding_woo" title="Bodybuilding woo">Bodybuilding woo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Broscience" title="Broscience">Broscience</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bold_and_Determined" title="Bold and Determined">Bold and Determined</a> • <a href="/wiki/Human_growth_hormone" title="Human growth hormone">Human growth hormone</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_Golden_One" title="The Golden One">The Golden One</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joe_Rogan" title="Joe Rogan">Joe Rogan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shawn_Baker" title="Shawn Baker">Shawn Baker</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carnivore_diet" title="Carnivore diet">Carnivore diet</a> • </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:5%;">  </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#47374a; width:20%; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:GMO" title="Category:GMO"><span style="color:white; font-size:125%">GMO:</span></a></b> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"> <a href="/wiki/March_Against_Monsanto" title="March Against Monsanto">March Against Monsanto</a> • <a href="/wiki/Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a> • <a href="/wiki/GMO_A_Go_Go" title="GMO A Go Go">GMO A Go Go</a> • <a href="/wiki/Seeds_of_Death" title="Seeds of Death">Seeds of Death</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lynas" title="Mark Lynas">Mark Lynas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Pollan" title="Michael Pollan">Michael Pollan</a> • <a href="/wiki/GreenMedInfo" title="GreenMedInfo">GreenMedInfo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Judy_Carman" title="Judy Carman">Judy Carman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vandana_Shiva" title="Vandana Shiva">Vandana Shiva</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bill_Maher" title="Bill Maher">Bill Maher</a> • <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Beacon" title="Liberty Beacon">Liberty Beacon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Food,_Inc" title="Food, Inc">Food, Inc</a> • <a href="/wiki/Food_Babe" title="Food Babe">Food Babe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gilles-Eric_S%C3%A9ralini" title="Gilles-Eric Séralini">Gilles-Eric Séralini</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nassim_Nicholas_Taleb" title="Nassim Nicholas Taleb">Nassim Nicholas Taleb</a> • <a href="/wiki/Glyphosate" title="Glyphosate">Glyphosate</a> • <a href="/wiki/AlterNet" title="AlterNet">AlterNet</a> • <a href="/wiki/FAQ_on_genetically_modified_food" title="FAQ on genetically modified food">FAQ on genetically modified food</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Folta" title="Kevin Folta">Kevin Folta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Beppe_Grillo" title="Beppe Grillo">Beppe Grillo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jill_Stein" title="Jill Stein">Jill Stein</a> • <a href="/wiki/TruthWiki" title="TruthWiki">TruthWiki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_food" title="Genetically modified food">Genetically modified food</a> • <a href="/wiki/Golden_Rice" title="Golden Rice">Golden Rice</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Kulinski" title="Kyle Kulinski">Kyle Kulinski</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_Non-GMO_Project" title="The Non-GMO Project">The Non-GMO Project</a> • <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Working_Group" title="Environmental Working Group">Environmental Working Group</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Turks" title="The Young Turks">The Young Turks</a> • <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lipman" title="Frank Lipman">Frank Lipman</a> • <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Environmental_Medicine" title="American Academy of Environmental Medicine">American Academy of Environmental Medicine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chidambaram_Subramaniam" title="Chidambaram Subramaniam">Chidambaram Subramaniam</a> • <a href="/wiki/M.S._Swaminathan" title="M.S. Swaminathan">M.S. Swaminathan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Norman Borlaug</a> • <a href="/wiki/Percy_Schmeiser" title="Percy Schmeiser">Percy Schmeiser</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Dore" title="Jimmy Dore">Jimmy Dore</a> • <a href="/wiki/Immortal_Technique" title="Immortal Technique">Immortal Technique</a> • <a href="/wiki/David_Dees" title="David Dees">David Dees</a> • <a href="/wiki/NaturalNews" title="NaturalNews">NaturalNews</a> • <a href="/wiki/Truthstream_Media" title="Truthstream Media">Truthstream Media</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zachary_K._Hubbard" title="Zachary K. Hubbard">Zachary K. 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